Article(id=1325502072107442402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325502070660407522, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736438400000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-10, revisedDate=1739030400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953920627, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953920627, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953920627, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953920627, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325502070660407522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='609', pageEnd='760', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748102400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953920283, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953920283, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=723, endPage=727, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325502074653384932, articleId=1325502072107442402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association of habitual reading and writing postures with common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia, columnId=1325500884406379444, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Disease Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the association between habitual reading/writing postures and the co-occurrence of common health conditions (overweight/obesity, visual impairment, hypertension, and scoliosis) and comorbidities among children and adolescents, in order to provide data support for the joint prevention of common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents.

Methods

From September 2021 to June 2022, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 4 577 children and adolescents from 16 primary and secondary schools in Ningxia: Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City, Shapotou District of Zhongwei City, Yanchi County of Wuzhong City, and Pingluo County of Shizuishan City. A weighted complex sampling design was used to investigate the association of habitual reading and writing postures with common comorbidities in children and adolescents.

Results

The prevalence rates of common diseases among children and adolescents in Ningxia were as follows: overweight/obesity was 22.87%, visual impairment was 62.52%, scoliosis was 2.30%, and hypertension was 1.30%. The prevalence of multimorbidity (co-occurrence of ≥2 conditions) among Ningxia children and adolescents was 15.95%. Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that frequent/always collapsing waist and sitting forward with head lowered increased the risk of common comorbidities in children and adolescents (OR=1.90, P < 0.05). Compared with the corresponding reference group, male children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 years and boys had relatively lower risks of overweight/obesity (OR=0.71, 0.70); the risk of poor vision among children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 years, male, and urban was relatively low (OR=0.59, 0.60, 0.73)(P < 0.05). Children and adolescents who often/always sat leaning to the left or right were at higher risk of poor vision (OR=1.78); urban children and adolescents had a higher risk of developing scoliosis (OR=3.71); children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 had a relatively low risk of developing hypertension (OR=0.09), and children and adolescents who often/always bent their backs and sat forward on their knees had a higher risk of hypertension (OR=5.03)(P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Ningxia has a high incidence of common diseases and multiple diseases among children and adolescents, frequent or always collapsing waist and sitting forward with head lowered is associated with common comorbidities in children and adolescents in Ningxia. Proper postural measures for reading and writing should be carried out as soon as possible to encourage children and adolescents to develop good reading and writing habits for effectively preventing and controlling the occurrence of common diseases.

, authors=Rong WEI1, 2, Haiyan LUO1, Ning MA1, Yu ZHAO1, Yi YANG2, Yaogeng CHEN*, 3, authorsList=Rong WEI, Haiyan LUO, Ning MA, Yu ZHAO, Yi YANG, Yaogeng CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yaogeng CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325502076335300838, articleId=1325502072107442402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=宁夏儿童青少年习惯性读写姿势与常见病多病的关联, columnId=1325500884628677558, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=疾病控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解习惯性读写姿势与儿童青少年常见病(超重/肥胖、视力不良、高血压及脊柱侧弯)多病的关联,为儿童青少年常见病多病共防提供数据支持。

方法

2021年9月—2022年6月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法从银川市金凤区、中卫市沙坡头区、吴忠市盐池县、石嘴山市平罗县4个县(区)抽取16所中小学共4 577名小学生和初中生进行问卷调查和身体测量。利用加权复杂抽样设计的分析方法探讨习惯性读写姿势与儿童青少年常见病多病的关联。

结果

宁夏儿童青少年超重/肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯及高血压4种常见病中,检出率分别为22.87%,62.52%,2.30%,1.30%,2种及以上的多病检出率为15.95%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐会增加儿童青少年常见病多病共存的发生风险(OR=1.90,P < 0.05)。与对应的参照组相比,9~12岁年龄组、男性儿童青少年超重/肥胖的检出风险相对较低(OR值分别为0.71,0.70,P值均 < 0.05);9~12岁年龄组、男性、城镇儿童青少年视力不良的检出风险相对较低(OR值分别为0.59,0.60,0.73),经常/总是向左或向右倾斜着坐儿童青少年视力不良的检出风险较高(OR=1.78);城镇儿童青少年脊柱侧弯的检出风险较高(OR=3.71);9~12岁年龄组儿童青少年高血压的检出风险相对较低(OR=0.09),经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐儿童青少年的高血压检出风险较高(OR=5.03)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

宁夏儿童青少年常见病多病检出率较高,读写姿势不良是其相关行为因素。应尽早开展儿童青少年读写姿势防控,促使养成良好的读写习惯,以有效防控常见病多病发生。

, authors=魏嵘1, 2, 罗海燕1, 马宁1, 赵瑜1, 杨艺2, 陈耀庚*, 3, authorsList=魏嵘, 罗海燕, 马宁, 赵瑜, 杨艺, 陈耀庚, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈耀庚, authorNote=

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

, correspAuthorsNote=
陈耀庚,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《中国学校卫生》编辑部2025, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=DmSJJJWUeb8I8tl2wG+L3w==, magXml=QcqSijHT6cvTNF05afNPQA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Bh4SIar1FkxWKCETX1N6Lg==, pdfFileSize=996886, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=1dm5j2rTprQ21E28H1C8FA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1325502082668699890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502082958106869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502082668699890, language=EN, stringName=Rong WEI, firstName=Rong, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083100713206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502082668699890, language=CN, stringName=魏嵘, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001
2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科, bio={"content":"

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325502080554770669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080869343470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080554770669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科)])]), Author(id=1325502083440451832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083553698042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502083440451832, language=EN, stringName=Haiyan LUO, firstName=Haiyan, middleName=null, lastName=LUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083926991099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502083440451832, language=CN, stringName=罗海燕, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502084283506941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502084665188607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502084283506941, language=EN, stringName=Ning MA, firstName=Ning, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502085113979136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502084283506941, language=CN, stringName=马宁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502085487272194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502087567646980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502085487272194, language=EN, stringName=Yu ZHAO, firstName=Yu, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502087685087493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502085487272194, language=CN, stringName=赵瑜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502087982883079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088091934985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502087982883079, language=EN, stringName=Yi YANG, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088507171082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502087982883079, language=CN, stringName=杨艺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502080554770669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080869343470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080554770669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科)])]), Author(id=1325502088863686924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ygch@nxmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088985321742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502088863686924, language=EN, stringName=Yaogeng CHEN, firstName=Yaogeng, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502089304088847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502088863686924, language=CN, stringName=陈耀庚, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 3, address=3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502080995172591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502081028727024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080995172591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1325502089706742032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Reading), Keyword(id=1325502089807405329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Handwriting), Keyword(id=1325502090088423698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Disease), Keyword(id=1325502091640316179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Regression analysis), Keyword(id=1325502091837448468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Chid), Keyword(id=1325502092185575701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=Adolescent), Keyword(id=1325502092286238998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=阅读), Keyword(id=1325502092344959255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=书写), Keyword(id=1325502092634366232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=疾病), Keyword(id=1325502092785361177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=回归分析), Keyword(id=1325502093074768154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=儿童), Keyword(id=1325502093150265627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=青少年)], refs=[Reference(id=1325502096488931617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋逸, 张秀红, 马军, 等. 儿童青少年主要健康问题"共病-共因-共防"机制建立与探索[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(9): 1281-1285., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502096560234786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Y, ZHANG X H, MA J, et al. Establishment and exploration of the mechanism of Co-morbidity, Shared Etiology, and Shared Prevention of major health problems of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(9): 1281-1285. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502096879001891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董彦会, 陈力, 刘婕妤, 等. 1985—2019年中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的流行趋势及预测研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 461-469., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502097235517732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DONG Y H, CHEN L, LIU J Y, et al. Epidemiology and prediction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502098183430437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王美琳, 时瑞霞, 丁婷婷, 等. 2020年河北省儿童青少年近视现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50(7): 1234- 1239, 1244., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502098539946279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG M L, SHI R X, DING T T, et al. Current situation and influencing factors of myopia among children and adolescets in Hebei Province in 2020[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2023, 50(7): 1234-1239, 1244. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502098888073512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南编写组, 马军. 《儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南》解读[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(2): 165-170, 175., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502100637098281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Expert Group of Editorial Committee of Technical Guide for Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Chinese Children and Adolescents, MA J. Interpretation of Technical Guide for Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(2): 165-170, 175. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502101442404651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Y J, DAI J, MIN J Q, et al. Prevalence trends of hypertension and influence factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in China, 2011-2015: a serial cross-sectional study[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 10: 887285., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502101895389485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋逸, 马军. 纠正生长发育不平衡预防儿童青少年重要共病[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 451-456., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502102377734448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Y, MA J. Correct the imbalance of growth and development and prevent important comorbidities of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 451-456. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502102805553457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SKOU S T, MAIR F S, FORTIN M, et al. Multimorbidity[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2022, 8(1): 48., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502103233372466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许惠玉, 秦冉, 张京舒, 等. 中小学生读写姿势与近视关联的多水平模型分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(12): 1878-1882., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502105208889651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU H Y, QIN R, ZHANG J S, et al. A multilevel model analysis of the association between reading and writing posture with myopia in primary and secondary school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(12): 1878-1882. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502105301164340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=顾昉, 徐韵涵, 高雷, 等. 2021年浙江省中小学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2024, 39(7): 914-918., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502105628320053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GU F, XU Y H, GAO L, et al. Prevalence of scoliosis and influencing factors in primary and secondary school students in Zhejiang Province, 2021[J]. Dis Surveill, 2024, 39(7): 914-918. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502105728983350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何鲜桂, 朱剑锋, 邹海东, 等. 上海市小学生近视相关读写姿势现况及影响因素分析[J]. 临床眼科杂志, 2017, 25(3): 214-218., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106106470711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE X G, ZHU J F, ZOU H D, et al. Reading and writing posture of primary school students in Shanghai and associated factors[J]. J Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 25(3): 214-218. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106186162488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JELENA P, MARIJANA C, RATKO K. Relations of the morphological characteristic latent structure and body posture indicators in children aged seven to nine years[J]. Coll Antropol, 2006, 30(3): 621-627., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106504929593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国卫生部. 标准对数视力表: GB 11533—2011[S]. 2011-12-30., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106584621370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ministry of Health of the PRC. Standard logarithmic visual acuity chart: GB 11533-2011[S]. 2011-12-30. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106874028347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常的筛查: GB/T 16133—2014[S]. 2014-09-03., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502106949525820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. Screening of spinal curvature abnormality of children and adolescents: GB/T 16133-2014[S]. 2014-09-03. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502107054383421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石尚, 陶舒曼, 童浩杰, 等. 多病共存定义研究进展及概念体系设计[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2025, 46(2): 295-299, 304., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502107717083454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI S, TAO S M, TONG H J, et al. Research progress on the definition of multimorbidity and the design of conceptual frameworks[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2025, 46(2): 295-299, 304. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502109466108223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查: WS/T 586—2018[S]. 2018-08-01., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502109893927232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health Commission of the PRC. Screening for overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents: WS/T 586-2018[S]. 2018-08-01. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502110258831681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 中小学生屈光不正筛查规范: WS/T 663—2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502110342717762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health Commission of the PRC. Specification for screening of refractive error in primary and secondary school students: WS/T 663-2020[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2020. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502110745370947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值: WS/T 61—2018[S]. 2018-12-01., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502111156412740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health Commission of the PRC. Reference of screening for elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years: WS/T 610-2018[S]. 2018-12-01. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502111592620357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕萍. 复杂抽样设计下的域估计问题研究[J]. 统计研究, 2017, 34(7): 118-128., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502113995956551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LV P. The research of domain estimation in comples survey data[J]. Stat Res, 2017, 34(7): 118-128. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502114121785672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄生垒, 张凤云, 曲爽笑, 等. 上海市2021年中小学生常见病共患现状及相关因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(5): 635-639., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502114436358473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG S L, ZHANG F Y, QU S X, et al. Comorbidity of common illnesses and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Shanghai in 2021[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(5): 635-639. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502114516050251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OYEWOLE S A, HAIGHT J M, FREIVALDS A, et al. The ergonomic design of classroom furniture/computer work station for first graders in the elementary school[J]. Int J Ind Ergon, 2010, 40(4): 437-447., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502114583159116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHARMAN W N. Myopia, posture and the visual environment[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2011, 31(5): 494-501., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502114918703437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苟波, 苏权. 颈椎后路3种手术方式对多节段脊髓型颈椎病生理曲度的影响及远期疗效观察[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2018, 34(1): 28-31, 35., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502115250053454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GOU B, SU Q. Influence of three cervical posterior surgical methods on physiological curvature of multi-segmental cervical spondylosis myelopathy and their long-term effects[J]. Aviat Med Air Force, 2018, 34(1): 28-31, 35. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502115346522447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蒋志成, 徐慧琼, 万宇辉, 等. 儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常筛查研究进展[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(2): 312-315, 320., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502115707232592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIANG Z C, XU H Q, WAN Y H, et al. Research progress of screening for vertebral column defects in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(2): 312-315, 320. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502116109885777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DIPTI V K, JAIMALA V S, AMITA M, et al. Comparison of peripheral arterial blood pressure in individuals with and without forward head posture[J]. J Health Allied Sci NU, 2019, 9(3): 93-103., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502116508344658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=叶利斌, 卢婷婷, 吴汉元. 颈源性高血压的临床研究新进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2013, 16(32): 3146-3149., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502116663533907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YE L B, LU T T, WU H Y. Cerbicogenic hypertension: progress in clinical research[J]. Chin Gen Pract, 2013, 16(32): 3146-3149. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502118643245396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YA L, XING P D, MENG Z L, et al. Association between daily sitting time and kidney stones based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016: a cross-sectional study[J]. Int J Surg, 2024, 110(8): 4624-4632., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502119029121365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘华山. 中学生脊柱弯曲异常的调查分析[J]. 疾病监测与控制, 2017, 11(10): 808-809., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325502119167533398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU H S. Investigation and analysis of abnormal spinal curvature in middle school students[J]. J Dis Monit Control, 2017, 11(10): 808- 809. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325502094391779616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(82060331);宁夏重点研发计划(引才专项)项目(2021BEB04078);宁夏卫生健康系统科研课题(2021-NW-052), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325502080554770669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080869343470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080554770669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325502080995172591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502081028727024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080995172591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325502093527752988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Single factor analysis of common and comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia[OR(95%CI), n=4 577]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量超重/肥胖视力不良脊柱侧弯高血压多病
年龄/岁1.41(1.11~1.78)**0.53(0.43~0.66)**0.53(0.29~0.97)*0.07(0.02~0.22)**0.90(0.69~1.17)
性别1.43(1.13~1.81)**0.62(0.50~0.77)**0.96(0.49~1.86)0.41(0.14~1.24)1.01(0.78~1.33)
城乡0.96(0.76~1.20)0.74(0.60~0.90)**3.75(2.04~6.89)**2.89(1.01~8.26)*1.00(0.77~1.31)
趴着读写1.09(0.57~2.06)1.59(0.85~2.99)0.49(0.11~2.21)1.02(0.20~5.30)1.47(0.75~2.91)
躺着读写1.04(0.57~1.87)1.42(0.54~3.72)1.90(0.64~5.63)—1.48(0.81~2.70)
向左或向右倾斜着坐0.79(0.36~1.71)2.68(1.47~4.88)**1.52(0.49~4.65)1.97(0.44~8.90)1.35(0.62~2.92)
翘二郎腿或压腿坐0.79(0.36~1.71)2.68(1.47~4.88)**1.52(0.49~4.65)1.97(0.44~8.90)1.35(0.62~2.92)
塌腰低头向前趴着坐1.10(0.69~1.73)1.61(1.05~2.48)*2.50(0.99~6.28)7.10(1.67~30.17)**1.72(1.05~2.80)*
家长提醒姿势异常1.02(0.81~1.28)1.18(0.94~1.48)0.88(0.42~1.82)1.92(0.64~5.79)1.16(0.89~1.52)
老师提醒姿势异常0.87(0.70~1.09)0.90(0.74~1.11)0.69(0.35~1.36)2.94(0.96~9.04)0.86(0.66~1.11)
学生对待家人的提醒0.97(0.52~1.79)0.48(0.26~0.90)*0.79(0.18~3.38)0.84(0.10~6.90)0.55(0.30~1.00)
学生对待老师的提醒0.91(0.34~2.45)0.26(0.09~0.69)**0.40(0.09~1.74)0.37(0.04~3.09)0.38(0.16~0.90)*
), ArticleFig(id=1325502093590667549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

宁夏儿童青少年常见病及多病共存的单因素分析[OR值(95%CI),n=4 577]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量超重/肥胖视力不良脊柱侧弯高血压多病
年龄/岁1.41(1.11~1.78)**0.53(0.43~0.66)**0.53(0.29~0.97)*0.07(0.02~0.22)**0.90(0.69~1.17)
性别1.43(1.13~1.81)**0.62(0.50~0.77)**0.96(0.49~1.86)0.41(0.14~1.24)1.01(0.78~1.33)
城乡0.96(0.76~1.20)0.74(0.60~0.90)**3.75(2.04~6.89)**2.89(1.01~8.26)*1.00(0.77~1.31)
趴着读写1.09(0.57~2.06)1.59(0.85~2.99)0.49(0.11~2.21)1.02(0.20~5.30)1.47(0.75~2.91)
躺着读写1.04(0.57~1.87)1.42(0.54~3.72)1.90(0.64~5.63)—1.48(0.81~2.70)
向左或向右倾斜着坐0.79(0.36~1.71)2.68(1.47~4.88)**1.52(0.49~4.65)1.97(0.44~8.90)1.35(0.62~2.92)
翘二郎腿或压腿坐0.79(0.36~1.71)2.68(1.47~4.88)**1.52(0.49~4.65)1.97(0.44~8.90)1.35(0.62~2.92)
塌腰低头向前趴着坐1.10(0.69~1.73)1.61(1.05~2.48)*2.50(0.99~6.28)7.10(1.67~30.17)**1.72(1.05~2.80)*
家长提醒姿势异常1.02(0.81~1.28)1.18(0.94~1.48)0.88(0.42~1.82)1.92(0.64~5.79)1.16(0.89~1.52)
老师提醒姿势异常0.87(0.70~1.09)0.90(0.74~1.11)0.69(0.35~1.36)2.94(0.96~9.04)0.86(0.66~1.11)
学生对待家人的提醒0.97(0.52~1.79)0.48(0.26~0.90)*0.79(0.18~3.38)0.84(0.10~6.90)0.55(0.30~1.00)
学生对待老师的提醒0.91(0.34~2.45)0.26(0.09~0.69)**0.40(0.09~1.74)0.37(0.04~3.09)0.38(0.16~0.90)*
), ArticleFig(id=1325502093934600478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia[OR(95%CI), n=4 577]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项多病超重/肥胖视力不良脊柱侧弯高血压
年龄/岁9~120.71(0.56~0.90)*0.59(0.47~0.74)**0.59(0.32~1.09)0.09(0.03~0.27)**
性别男0.70(0.55~0.88)*0.60(0.49~0.74)**
城乡城镇0.73(0.59~0.90)**3.71(2.01~6.86)**2.79(0.96~8.10)
向左或向右倾斜着坐经常/总是1.78(1.21~2.63)**
翘二郎腿或压腿坐经常/总是1.46(0.92~2.32)
塌腰低头向前趴着坐经常/总是1.90(1.14~3.14)*1.04(0.69~1.56)2.21(0.87~5.57)5.03(1.22~20.82)*
学生对待家人的提醒接受0.71(0.33~1.52)0.75(0.32~1.74)
学生对待老师的提醒接受0.61(0.20~1.83)0.46(0.13~1.60)
), ArticleFig(id=1325502094295310623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

宁夏儿童青少年常见病及多病共存多因素Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI),n=4 577]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项多病超重/肥胖视力不良脊柱侧弯高血压
年龄/岁9~120.71(0.56~0.90)*0.59(0.47~0.74)**0.59(0.32~1.09)0.09(0.03~0.27)**
性别男0.70(0.55~0.88)*0.60(0.49~0.74)**
城乡城镇0.73(0.59~0.90)**3.71(2.01~6.86)**2.79(0.96~8.10)
向左或向右倾斜着坐经常/总是1.78(1.21~2.63)**
翘二郎腿或压腿坐经常/总是1.46(0.92~2.32)
塌腰低头向前趴着坐经常/总是1.90(1.14~3.14)*1.04(0.69~1.56)2.21(0.87~5.57)5.03(1.22~20.82)*
学生对待家人的提醒接受0.71(0.33~1.52)0.75(0.32~1.74)
学生对待老师的提醒接受0.61(0.20~1.83)0.46(0.13~1.60)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1256213067906957319, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国学校卫生, nameEn=Chinese Journal of School Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-9817, eissn=null, cn=34-1092/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=AekpsZEgWlLz35HByrmLfA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Journal of School Health, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1777434134703, updatedTime=1788949071540, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=Z, firstLetterEn=Z, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=AekpsZEgWlLz35HByrmLfA==, picEn=Kyo4DrdVdhYZoe6v0NlLgg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304510214938583098, language=CN, name=中国学校卫生, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949071869, updatedTime=1788949071869, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304510214993109051, language=EN, name=Chinese Journal of School Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949071882, updatedTime=1788949071882, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://xiws.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorC3N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1256213402557890569, websiteList=[Website(id=1256214443441140376, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1256213402557890569, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN, language=CN, createTime=1777434462652, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1777434574881, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国学校卫生-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国学校卫生, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1256215107684655897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1777434621020, updateTime=1777434621020, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107663684374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1777434621015, updateTime=1777434621015, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107709821724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434621026, updateTime=1777434621026, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107651101461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN/file/pic?fileId=SD0zLW2e5Vm+XCN1zUmHPA==, createTime=1777434621012, updateTime=1777434621013, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107726598942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434621030, updateTime=1777434621030, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107680461592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN/file/pic, createTime=1777434621019, updateTime=1777434621019, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107714016029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434621027, updateTime=1777434621027, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107672072983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1777434621017, updateTime=1777434621017, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107693044506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1777434621022, updateTime=1777434621022, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215107701433115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443441140376, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1777434621024, updateTime=1777434621024, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1256214443571163802, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1256213402557890569, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/EN, language=EN, createTime=1777434462683, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1777434571098, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国学校卫生-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Journal of School Health, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1256215133538345763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1777434627184, updateTime=1777434627184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133513179936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1777434627178, updateTime=1777434627178, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133588677414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434627196, updateTime=1777434627196, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133475431199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gywlxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=SD0zLW2e5Vm+XCN1zUmHPA==, createTime=1777434627169, updateTime=1777434627169, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133601260328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434627199, updateTime=1777434627199, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133529957154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gywlxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1777434627182, updateTime=1777434627182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133592871719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1777434627197, updateTime=1777434627197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133521568545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1777434627180, updateTime=1777434627180, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133567705892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1777434627191, updateTime=1777434627191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1256215133580288805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1256214443571163802, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1777434627194, updateTime=1777434627194, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国学校卫生, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.cjsh.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Journal of School Health, journalPhotoCn=AekpsZEgWlLz35HByrmLfA==, journalPhotoEn=Kyo4DrdVdhYZoe6v0NlLgg==, journalFirstLetter=Z, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/EN/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN/PDF/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/EN/PDF/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1748102400000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
宁夏儿童青少年习惯性读写姿势与常见病多病的关联
收藏切换
PDF下载
魏嵘 1, 2 , 罗海燕 1 , 马宁 1 , 赵瑜 1 , 杨艺 2 , 陈耀庚 *, 3
中国学校卫生 | 疾病控制 2025,46(5): 723-727
收起
收藏切换
中国学校卫生 |疾病控制 2025 , 46 (5) : 723 -727
宁夏儿童青少年习惯性读写姿势与常见病多病的关联
全屏
[Author(id=1325502082668699890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502082958106869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502082668699890, language=EN, stringName=Rong WEI, firstName=Rong, middleName=null, lastName=WEI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083100713206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502082668699890, language=CN, stringName=魏嵘, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001
2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科, bio={"content":"

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325502080554770669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080869343470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080554770669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科)])]), Author(id=1325502083440451832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083553698042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502083440451832, language=EN, stringName=Haiyan LUO, firstName=Haiyan, middleName=null, lastName=LUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502083926991099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502083440451832, language=CN, stringName=罗海燕, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502084283506941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502084665188607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502084283506941, language=EN, stringName=Ning MA, firstName=Ning, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502085113979136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502084283506941, language=CN, stringName=马宁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502085487272194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502087567646980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502085487272194, language=EN, stringName=Yu ZHAO, firstName=Yu, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502087685087493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502085487272194, language=CN, stringName=赵瑜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502079694938346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502079753658603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080034676972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502079694938346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001)])]), Author(id=1325502087982883079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088091934985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502087982883079, language=EN, stringName=Yi YANG, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088507171082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502087982883079, language=CN, stringName=杨艺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502080554770669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502080869343470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080554770669, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科)])]), Author(id=1325502088863686924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ygch@nxmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1325502088985321742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502088863686924, language=EN, stringName=Yaogeng CHEN, firstName=Yaogeng, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1325502089304088847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, authorId=1325502088863686924, language=CN, stringName=陈耀庚, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 3, address=3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325502080995172591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325502081028727024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502072107442402, companyId=1325502080995172591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院)])])]
魏嵘1, 2, 罗海燕1, 马宁1, 赵瑜1, 杨艺2, 陈耀庚*, 3
作者信息
  • 1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001
  • 2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科
  • 3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院
通讯作者:
陈耀庚,E-mail:
作者简介:

魏嵘(1989-),女,宁夏回族自治区人,在读硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为慢性病预防与控制

Association of habitual reading and writing postures with common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia
Rong WEI1, 2, Haiyan LUO1, Ning MA1, Yu ZHAO1, Yi YANG2, Yaogeng CHEN*, 3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan (750001), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

了解习惯性读写姿势与儿童青少年常见病(超重/肥胖、视力不良、高血压及脊柱侧弯)多病的关联,为儿童青少年常见病多病共防提供数据支持。

方法

2021年9月—2022年6月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法从银川市金凤区、中卫市沙坡头区、吴忠市盐池县、石嘴山市平罗县4个县(区)抽取16所中小学共4 577名小学生和初中生进行问卷调查和身体测量。利用加权复杂抽样设计的分析方法探讨习惯性读写姿势与儿童青少年常见病多病的关联。

结果

宁夏儿童青少年超重/肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯及高血压4种常见病中,检出率分别为22.87%,62.52%,2.30%,1.30%,2种及以上的多病检出率为15.95%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐会增加儿童青少年常见病多病共存的发生风险(OR=1.90,P < 0.05)。与对应的参照组相比,9~12岁年龄组、男性儿童青少年超重/肥胖的检出风险相对较低(OR值分别为0.71,0.70,P值均 < 0.05);9~12岁年龄组、男性、城镇儿童青少年视力不良的检出风险相对较低(OR值分别为0.59,0.60,0.73),经常/总是向左或向右倾斜着坐儿童青少年视力不良的检出风险较高(OR=1.78);城镇儿童青少年脊柱侧弯的检出风险较高(OR=3.71);9~12岁年龄组儿童青少年高血压的检出风险相对较低(OR=0.09),经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐儿童青少年的高血压检出风险较高(OR=5.03)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

宁夏儿童青少年常见病多病检出率较高,读写姿势不良是其相关行为因素。应尽早开展儿童青少年读写姿势防控,促使养成良好的读写习惯,以有效防控常见病多病发生。

阅读  /  书写  /  疾病  /  回归分析  /  儿童  /  青少年
Objective

To investigate the association between habitual reading/writing postures and the co-occurrence of common health conditions (overweight/obesity, visual impairment, hypertension, and scoliosis) and comorbidities among children and adolescents, in order to provide data support for the joint prevention of common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents.

Methods

From September 2021 to June 2022, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 4 577 children and adolescents from 16 primary and secondary schools in Ningxia: Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City, Shapotou District of Zhongwei City, Yanchi County of Wuzhong City, and Pingluo County of Shizuishan City. A weighted complex sampling design was used to investigate the association of habitual reading and writing postures with common comorbidities in children and adolescents.

Results

The prevalence rates of common diseases among children and adolescents in Ningxia were as follows: overweight/obesity was 22.87%, visual impairment was 62.52%, scoliosis was 2.30%, and hypertension was 1.30%. The prevalence of multimorbidity (co-occurrence of ≥2 conditions) among Ningxia children and adolescents was 15.95%. Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that frequent/always collapsing waist and sitting forward with head lowered increased the risk of common comorbidities in children and adolescents (OR=1.90, P < 0.05). Compared with the corresponding reference group, male children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 years and boys had relatively lower risks of overweight/obesity (OR=0.71, 0.70); the risk of poor vision among children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 years, male, and urban was relatively low (OR=0.59, 0.60, 0.73)(P < 0.05). Children and adolescents who often/always sat leaning to the left or right were at higher risk of poor vision (OR=1.78); urban children and adolescents had a higher risk of developing scoliosis (OR=3.71); children and adolescents aged 9 to 12 had a relatively low risk of developing hypertension (OR=0.09), and children and adolescents who often/always bent their backs and sat forward on their knees had a higher risk of hypertension (OR=5.03)(P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Ningxia has a high incidence of common diseases and multiple diseases among children and adolescents, frequent or always collapsing waist and sitting forward with head lowered is associated with common comorbidities in children and adolescents in Ningxia. Proper postural measures for reading and writing should be carried out as soon as possible to encourage children and adolescents to develop good reading and writing habits for effectively preventing and controlling the occurrence of common diseases.

Reading  /  Handwriting  /  Disease  /  Regression analysis  /  Chid  /  Adolescent
魏嵘, 罗海燕, 马宁, 赵瑜, 杨艺, 陈耀庚. 宁夏儿童青少年习惯性读写姿势与常见病多病的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (5) : 723 -727 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117
Rong WEI, Haiyan LUO, Ning MA, Yu ZHAO, Yi YANG, Yaogeng CHEN. Association of habitual reading and writing postures with common diseases and comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (5) : 723 -727 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117
超重肥胖、近视、脊柱侧弯和高血压等常见病已成为威胁儿童青少年身心健康的重要问题[1-5]。伴随儿童青少年常见病高发,常见病多病共存问题已引起广泛关注。2019年全国学生体质与健康调研数据显示,22.9%的7~18岁儿童青少年存在近视、肥胖、营养不足或血压偏高等多病共存情况[6]。较单一病种来说,患有多种疾病对人的健康危害更大,治疗负担更重[7]。因此,亟需改善儿童青少年常见病多病状况。
目前,我国有73.6%的中小学生存在不良的习惯性读写姿势[8],与儿童青少年近视、脊柱侧弯的发生均存在关联[9-10];研究发现,肥胖/超重不仅与各种心血管疾病和代谢性疾病有关,与不良姿势的发生也存在相关性[11]。为此,本研究通过了解宁夏儿童青少年常见病多病共存流行情况,并进一步探究习惯性读写姿势与多病共存的关联,为开展儿童青少年多病共防提供参考。
采用“2021年儿童青少年脊柱侧弯流行病学调查”项目数据,该项目于2021年9月1日—2022年6月31日,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,从宁夏银川市金凤区、中卫市沙坡头区、吴忠市盐池县、石嘴山市平罗县分别采用随机数字表法抽取2所小学四至六年级和2所初中一至三年级学生,共4 821名学生,排除先天性脊柱疾病、问卷缺失以及存在认知、精神、听力障碍等学生,实际有效调查4 577名,有效率为94.9%。其中男生2 347名, 女生2 230名;9~12岁学生2 652名,13~16岁1 925名;城镇学生2 295名,农村2 282名。本项目经中国疾病预防控制中心慢性中心伦理审查委员会批准(批号:202105),参加调查的学生及家长均签署知情同意书。
采用项目组提供的问卷,包括学生、家长问卷,学生问卷主要调查其基本信息、习惯性不良读写姿势。由监护人通过手机扫描知情同意书上学生专属二维码,自填电子版家长问卷后提交。家长问卷主要调查家庭基本信息、学生发育状况。调查员使用电子问卷并通过面对面方式对学生开展询问。1.2.2身体测量身体测量指标包括身高、体重、腰围、视力和脊柱,由统一培训后的专业技术人员使用标准化程序测量。身高和体重测量时要求儿童青少年穿轻便的衣服,不穿鞋。视力测量统一使用符合《标准对数视力表》(GB 11533—2011)[12]灯箱(5 m标准对数视力表)、遮阳板和指示杆。调查员用指示杆从第一行的最大视标(4.0行视标)开始,自上而下,逐行检查。调查对象说对的最后一行视标所表示的视力,即为调查对象该眼的视力。依据《儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常的筛查》(GB/T 16133—2014)[13]进行脊柱侧弯的筛查,初筛包括双肩不对称+肩胛骨下角不对称+腰凹不等高+髂嵴不等高+棘突连线弯曲或偏离中线+Adam's试验,若以上一项为阳性,进入二筛;二筛加做脊柱运动试验后重复一筛步骤,二筛阳性学生拍摄全脊柱X线正侧位照。血压测量统一采用欧姆龙HB 1300型电子血压计(欧姆龙大连有限公司),测量前要求调查对象静坐5 min,共测量3次,在检测中如发现血压等于或大于血压偏高界值点(P95),则在间隔1周和2周后的同一时间按要求再次测量。所有测量仪器均符合国家计量认证要求。
研究选取超重或肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯、高血压4种学生常见病,同一个体中存在上述4种常见病任意2种及以上即为常见病多病共存[14]。按照《学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查:WS/T 586—2018》标准判断超重或肥胖[15];按照《中小学生屈光不正筛查规范》(WS/T 663—2020)标准[16],6岁以上儿童青少年裸眼视力4.9~ < 5.0为轻度视力不良,4.6~4.8为中度视力不良,≤4.5为重度视力不良;脊柱侧弯筛查阳性学生通过临床诊断Cobb角≥10°确诊为脊柱侧弯[13];血压在非同日进行3次测量,且每次检测均≥血压偏高界值点(P95),测量时间间隔不少于1~2周,确诊为高血压[17]。
读写姿势判定[10]:“一拳一尺一寸”即“胸口离桌子边沿超过一拳”“眼睛距离书本超过一尺”“手指距离笔尖一寸左右”,3种均正确为读写姿势良好,其余为读写姿势不良。本研究分析常见的五类习惯性不良读写姿势,包括趴着读写、躺着读写、向左或向右侧斜坐、跷二郎腿或压腿坐、塌腰向前趴着坐。习惯性不良读写姿势相关问题使用动态图片展示,以便学生正确理解问题所涉及的姿势。选项包括从不、偶尔、经常、总是。
调查前期各调查点统一测量工具、调查问卷和人员培训。视力测量前所有调查人员均接受统一的培训,培训合格后方可进行身体测量。调查时使用智能逻辑纠错电子问卷。现场调查安排专人负责质量控制,质控人员每天在身体测量、问卷调查时同时各抽取5%调查对象进行复测。
采用SAS 9.4统计软件中Surveyfreq和Surveylogistic模块进行分析[18]。计数资料以例(%)描述,组间比较采用加权χ2检验。对单因素分析有统计学意义的因素进行非条件加权Logistic回归分析,分析过程中考虑抽样权重的设计因素。复杂抽样权重计算方法为抽样权重与无应答权重与事后分层权重的乘积,事后分层权重选用宁夏回族自治区统计局第七次人口普查数据。本次复杂抽样权重总和为763 801,与宁夏第七次人口普查中9~16岁人口数一致。检验水准α=0.05。
752名宁夏儿童青少年检出常见病多病,超重/肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯及高血压加权后检出率分别为22.87%,62.52%,2.30%,1.30%。加权后多病检出率为15.95%。
结果显示,塌腰低头向前趴着坐、学生对待老师的提醒与儿童青少年常见病多病共存的关联均有统计学意义,年龄和性别与儿童青少年超重/肥胖的关联均有统计学意义,年龄、性别、城乡、向左或向右倾斜着坐、翘二郎腿或压腿坐、塌腰低头向前趴着坐、学生对待家人的提醒、学生对待老师的提醒与儿童青少年视力不良的关联均有统计学意义,年龄、城乡与儿童青少年脊柱侧弯的关联均有统计学意义,年龄、城乡、塌腰低头向前趴着坐与儿童青少年高血压的关联均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
见表2。
分别以是否检出超重/肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯、高血压和多病(否=0,是=1)为因变量,将单因素分析中P < 0.1的影响因素作为自变量,构建加权多因素Logistic回归模型。结果显示,9~12岁年龄组(OR=0.71)、男生(OR=0.70)检出超重/肥胖的风险均降低;9~12岁年龄组(OR=0.59)、男生(OR=0.60)、城镇(OR=0.73)学生检出视力不良的风险均降低,经常/总是向左或向右倾斜着坐(OR=1.78)的学生视力不良的检出风险增加;城镇(OR=3.71)学生脊柱侧弯的检出风险增加;9~12岁年龄组(OR=0.09)学生高血压的检出风险降低,经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐的学生高血压(OR=5.03)及多病(OR=1.90)的检出风险增加(P值均 < 0.05)。
近年来,我国儿童青少年常见病多病共存引起了广泛关注。2019年全国学生超重肥胖、营养不良、血压偏高和近视4种常见病多病检出率为22.90%[6]。本研究显示,2021年宁夏儿童青少年超重肥胖、视力不良、脊柱侧弯、高血压4种常见病多病检出率为15.95%,低于2021年上海市中小学生近视、超重肥胖、血压偏高、脊柱弯曲异常4种疾病的多病检出率(38.91%)[19],可能和地理环境、经济水平和行为习惯等因素差异有关。但宁夏儿童青少年常见病多病检出率也不容乐观,应给予关注。
儿童青少年通过不断的调整坐姿、改变应有的正确体位来获取较为舒适的感受,长此以往读写姿势发生扭曲便会养成不良的读写姿势习惯[20]。本研究发现经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐的儿童青少年常见病多病风险增加。单独对各种疾病分析发现,只有高血压受经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐影响,而超重/肥胖、近视、脊柱侧弯的检出并未发现与此姿势有关。提示多病共存的发病机制更为复杂,并不是由单个疾病共同叠加产生的。宁夏儿童青少年预防常见病多病共存应重点防控经常/总是塌腰低头向前趴着坐的习惯性读写姿势。
有研究显示,头部前倾、侧倾及趴桌子的非对称姿态和过近的用眼距离均是近视发生的风险因素[21],塌腰低头向前趴着坐可使斜方肌、竖脊肌等肌肉处于持续收缩状态,疲劳后难以支撑头部而使其逐渐下垂,使眼书距离过近,长时间读写容易导致视力不良[10]。苟波等[22]研究发现,颈项弓背前伸习惯性姿势可增加颈项部肌群的拉力,使颈项肌群长期处于紧张状态,继而使颈椎生理曲度变直和反弓,形成脊柱侧弯。国内大部分儿童青少年所发生的脊柱弯曲异常属姿势性轻度异常[23],一项流行性病学调查发现,前倾头部姿势的学生比无前倾头部姿势的学生平均收缩压更高[24]。长期不当的姿势导致颈椎负重增加或受损,可影响其周围的神经、血管,导致一系列病理改变,增加颈源性高血压、超重/肥胖等疾病的发生风险[25-26]。
本研究发现,老师或家长提醒姿势异常以及学生对待老师或家长提醒的态度对儿童青少年常见病多病共存的影响均无统计学意义。单独对脊柱侧弯多因素分析时,未发现塌腰向前趴着坐的姿势有影响,脊柱侧弯发生的位置包括颈椎/胸椎/腰椎[27],可能与不同的习惯性读写姿势导致脊柱侧弯发病部位不同有关。研究提示需通过多方面宣传读写姿势的健康知识,学校定期对儿童青少年开展读写姿势考评,降低习惯性不良读写姿势引起儿童青少年常见病多病的危害,促进儿童青少年健康水平。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82060331);宁夏重点研发计划(引才专项)项目(2021BEB04078);宁夏卫生健康系统科研课题(2021-NW-052)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
宋逸, 张秀红, 马军, 等. 儿童青少年主要健康问题"共病-共因-共防"机制建立与探索[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(9): 1281-1285.
SONG Y, ZHANG X H, MA J, et al. Establishment and exploration of the mechanism of Co-morbidity, Shared Etiology, and Shared Prevention of major health problems of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(9): 1281-1285. (in Chinese)
2
董彦会, 陈力, 刘婕妤, 等. 1985—2019年中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的流行趋势及预测研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 461-469.
DONG Y H, CHEN L, LIU J Y, et al. Epidemiology and prediction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. (in Chinese)
3
王美琳, 时瑞霞, 丁婷婷, 等. 2020年河北省儿童青少年近视现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50(7): 1234- 1239, 1244.
WANG M L, SHI R X, DING T T, et al. Current situation and influencing factors of myopia among children and adolescets in Hebei Province in 2020[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2023, 50(7): 1234-1239, 1244. (in Chinese)
4
儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南编写组, 马军. 《儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南》解读[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(2): 165-170, 175.
Expert Group of Editorial Committee of Technical Guide for Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Chinese Children and Adolescents, MA J. Interpretation of Technical Guide for Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(2): 165-170, 175. (in Chinese)
5
YANG Y J, DAI J, MIN J Q, et al. Prevalence trends of hypertension and influence factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in China, 2011-2015: a serial cross-sectional study[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 10: 887285.
6
宋逸, 马军. 纠正生长发育不平衡预防儿童青少年重要共病[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 451-456.
SONG Y, MA J. Correct the imbalance of growth and development and prevent important comorbidities of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 451-456. (in Chinese)
7
SKOU S T, MAIR F S, FORTIN M, et al. Multimorbidity[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2022, 8(1): 48.
8
许惠玉, 秦冉, 张京舒, 等. 中小学生读写姿势与近视关联的多水平模型分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(12): 1878-1882.
XU H Y, QIN R, ZHANG J S, et al. A multilevel model analysis of the association between reading and writing posture with myopia in primary and secondary school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(12): 1878-1882. (in Chinese)
9
顾昉, 徐韵涵, 高雷, 等. 2021年浙江省中小学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2024, 39(7): 914-918.
GU F, XU Y H, GAO L, et al. Prevalence of scoliosis and influencing factors in primary and secondary school students in Zhejiang Province, 2021[J]. Dis Surveill, 2024, 39(7): 914-918. (in Chinese)
10
何鲜桂, 朱剑锋, 邹海东, 等. 上海市小学生近视相关读写姿势现况及影响因素分析[J]. 临床眼科杂志, 2017, 25(3): 214-218.
HE X G, ZHU J F, ZOU H D, et al. Reading and writing posture of primary school students in Shanghai and associated factors[J]. J Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 25(3): 214-218. (in Chinese)
11
JELENA P, MARIJANA C, RATKO K. Relations of the morphological characteristic latent structure and body posture indicators in children aged seven to nine years[J]. Coll Antropol, 2006, 30(3): 621-627.
12
中华人民共和国卫生部. 标准对数视力表: GB 11533—2011[S]. 2011-12-30.
Ministry of Health of the PRC. Standard logarithmic visual acuity chart: GB 11533-2011[S]. 2011-12-30. (in Chinese)
13
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常的筛查: GB/T 16133—2014[S]. 2014-09-03.
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. Screening of spinal curvature abnormality of children and adolescents: GB/T 16133-2014[S]. 2014-09-03. (in Chinese)
14
石尚, 陶舒曼, 童浩杰, 等. 多病共存定义研究进展及概念体系设计[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2025, 46(2): 295-299, 304.
SHI S, TAO S M, TONG H J, et al. Research progress on the definition of multimorbidity and the design of conceptual frameworks[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2025, 46(2): 295-299, 304. (in Chinese)
15
中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查: WS/T 586—2018[S]. 2018-08-01.
National Health Commission of the PRC. Screening for overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents: WS/T 586-2018[S]. 2018-08-01. (in Chinese)
16
中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 中小学生屈光不正筛查规范: WS/T 663—2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020.
National Health Commission of the PRC. Specification for screening of refractive error in primary and secondary school students: WS/T 663-2020[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2020. (in Chinese)
17
中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值: WS/T 61—2018[S]. 2018-12-01.
National Health Commission of the PRC. Reference of screening for elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years: WS/T 610-2018[S]. 2018-12-01. (in Chinese)
18
吕萍. 复杂抽样设计下的域估计问题研究[J]. 统计研究, 2017, 34(7): 118-128.
LV P. The research of domain estimation in comples survey data[J]. Stat Res, 2017, 34(7): 118-128. (in Chinese)
19
黄生垒, 张凤云, 曲爽笑, 等. 上海市2021年中小学生常见病共患现状及相关因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(5): 635-639.
HUANG S L, ZHANG F Y, QU S X, et al. Comorbidity of common illnesses and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Shanghai in 2021[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(5): 635-639. (in Chinese)
20
OYEWOLE S A, HAIGHT J M, FREIVALDS A, et al. The ergonomic design of classroom furniture/computer work station for first graders in the elementary school[J]. Int J Ind Ergon, 2010, 40(4): 437-447.
21
CHARMAN W N. Myopia, posture and the visual environment[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2011, 31(5): 494-501.
22
苟波, 苏权. 颈椎后路3种手术方式对多节段脊髓型颈椎病生理曲度的影响及远期疗效观察[J]. 空军医学杂志, 2018, 34(1): 28-31, 35.
GOU B, SU Q. Influence of three cervical posterior surgical methods on physiological curvature of multi-segmental cervical spondylosis myelopathy and their long-term effects[J]. Aviat Med Air Force, 2018, 34(1): 28-31, 35. (in Chinese)
23
蒋志成, 徐慧琼, 万宇辉, 等. 儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常筛查研究进展[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(2): 312-315, 320.
JIANG Z C, XU H Q, WAN Y H, et al. Research progress of screening for vertebral column defects in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(2): 312-315, 320. (in Chinese)
24
DIPTI V K, JAIMALA V S, AMITA M, et al. Comparison of peripheral arterial blood pressure in individuals with and without forward head posture[J]. J Health Allied Sci NU, 2019, 9(3): 93-103.
25
叶利斌, 卢婷婷, 吴汉元. 颈源性高血压的临床研究新进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2013, 16(32): 3146-3149.
YE L B, LU T T, WU H Y. Cerbicogenic hypertension: progress in clinical research[J]. Chin Gen Pract, 2013, 16(32): 3146-3149. (in Chinese)
26
YA L, XING P D, MENG Z L, et al. Association between daily sitting time and kidney stones based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016: a cross-sectional study[J]. Int J Surg, 2024, 110(8): 4624-4632.
27
刘华山. 中学生脊柱弯曲异常的调查分析[J]. 疾病监测与控制, 2017, 11(10): 808-809.
LIU H S. Investigation and analysis of abnormal spinal curvature in middle school students[J]. J Dis Monit Control, 2017, 11(10): 808- 809. (in Chinese)
2025年第46卷第5期
PDF下载
3
2
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117
  • 接收时间:2025-01-10
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10
  • 修回日期:2025-02-09
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82060331);宁夏重点研发计划(引才专项)项目(2021BEB04078);宁夏卫生健康系统科研课题(2021-NW-052)
作者信息
    1宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,银川 750001
    2宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科
    3宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院

通讯作者:

陈耀庚,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgxxws/CN/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025117
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏