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Article(id=1325501872009786306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325501647736156411, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1738857600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-07, revisedDate=1740499200000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953872921, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1742832000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953872921, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953872921, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953872921, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325501647736156411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='3', pageStart='305', pageEnd='456', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1742832000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953819450, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953819450, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=372, endPage=376, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325501872538268611, articleId=1325501872009786306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students, columnId=1259565855189418448, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Mental Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents.

Methods

From September to December 2023, 5 713 secondary school students aged 13 to 18 years were selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi, respectively. Sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness level of secondary school students were evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) combined with cardiorespiratory fitness test, and the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness was analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multivariate linear regression.

Results

The report rate of poor sleep quality among secondary school students was 33.7%(1 926/5 713). The PSQI scores of girls aged 13-18 years were higher than those of boys (χ2=1.60, 12.78, 15.62, 3.04, 10.09, 13.65) (P < 0.05). The 20 m SRT of secondary school students was 40 (27, 51) times, and the VO2max was 46.27 (40. 84, 51.30) mL/(kg · min). The 20 m SRT and VO2max of girls of all ages were lower than those of boys(Z=-15.27 to -6.41, -18.06 to -14.07, P < 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) was negatively correlated with sleep duration and hypnotic medication scores in boys (r=-0.032, -0.005); VO2max was negatively correlated with sleep duration and daytime dysfunction scores in girls (r=-0.028, -0.008) (P < 0.05). After controlling the related variables, linear regression analysis showed that the total PSQI score was negatively correlated with VO2max among secondary school students(β=-0.347, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Secondary school students with better sleep quality have higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Sleep quality should be promoted to improve cardiorespiratory fitness levels in secondary school students.

, authors=Li ZENG1, Wei CAO*, 2, Xiaojian YIN3, Jinxian WANG4, Huipan WU5, authorsList=Li ZENG, Wei CAO, Xiaojian YIN, Jinxian WANG, Huipan WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wei CAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325501874689946564, articleId=1325501872009786306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系, columnId=1259565858817491410, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=心理卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系，为促进中国青少年身心健康全面发展提供参考。

方法

于2023年9—12月, 在上海、苏州、太原、婺源、兴义、乌鲁木齐分别采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取5 713名13~18岁中学生，采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)结合心肺耐力测试的方法对中学生的睡眠质量和心肺耐力水平进行评估，采用Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系。

结果

中学生睡眠质量差的报告率为33.7%(1 926/5 713)，13~18岁女生的PSQI评分均高于男生(χ2值分别为1.60，12.78，15.62，3.04，10.09，13.65，P值均 < 0.05)。中学生20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)为40(27，51)次，VO2max为46.27(40.84，51.30)mL/(kg·min)，各年龄段女生20 m SRT与VO2max均低于男生(Z=-15.27~-6.41，-18.06~-14.07，P值均 < 0.05)。男生心肺耐力(VO2max)与睡眠时间和催眠药物评分呈负相关(r值分别为-0.032，-0.005)，女生VO2max与睡眠时间、日间功能障碍评分均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.028，-0.008)(P值均 < 0.05)。控制相关变量后，线性回归分析显示，中学生PSQI总分与VO2max呈负相关(β=-0.347，P < 0.01)。

结论

中学生睡眠质量越好，心肺耐力水平越高。促进中学生睡眠质量有利于改善其心肺耐力水平。

, authors=曾理1, 曹伟*, 2, 尹小俭3, 王进贤4, 吴慧攀5, authorsList=曾理, 曹伟, 尹小俭, 王进贤, 吴慧攀, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曹伟, authorNote=

曾理(1985-)，男，湖北武汉人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为学生健康促进与干预

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曹伟，E-mail:
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The effect of sedentary behaviour on cardiorespiratory fitness: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Sports Med, 2024, 54(4): 997-1013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325501888908636202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OSAILAN A M, ELNAGGAR R K, ALSUBAIE S F, et al. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and reported physical activity with sleep quality in apparently healthy adults: a cross-sectional study[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(8): 4263., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325501879999935486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82373595), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325501874908050373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501874916438982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501874908050373, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai(200237), China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501874924827591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501874908050373, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1华东理工大学体育科学与工程学院，上海 200237)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325501874991936456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501875000325065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501874991936456, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2上海应用技术大学体育教育部)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325501875075822538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501875084211147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501875075822538, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3华东师范大学体育与健康学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325501875155514316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501875163902925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501875155514316, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4中北大学体育学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325501875243594702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325501875247789007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, companyId=1325501875243594702, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325501879144297460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of the reporting rate of poor sleep quality among secondary school students of different genders and age groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数睡眠质量差χ2值P值
13男634138(21.8)4.600.03
女631170(26.9)
14男710181(25.5)12.78< 0.01
女652224(34.4)
15男394102(25.9)15.62< 0.01
女358141(39.4)
16男387143(37.0)3.040.08
女414178(43.0)
17男465170(36.6)10.09< 0.01
女443208(47.0)
18男318115(36.2)13.65< 0.01
女307156(50.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879236572149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各年龄组不同性别中学生睡眠质量差报告率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数睡眠质量差χ2值P值
13男634138(21.8)4.600.03
女631170(26.9)
14男710181(25.5)12.78< 0.01
女652224(34.4)
15男394102(25.9)15.62< 0.01
女358141(39.4)
16男387143(37.0)3.040.08
女414178(43.0)
17男465170(36.6)10.09< 0.01
女443208(47.0)
18男318115(36.2)13.65< 0.01
女307156(50.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879328846838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

PSQI and scores of each factor in secondary school students of different genders and age groups[M(P25, P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数统计值睡眠质量入睡时间睡眠时间睡眠效率睡眠障碍催眠药物日间功能障碍PSQI
13男6341.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)3.0(2.0, 5.0)
女6311.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(3.0, 6.0)
Z值-4.62-1.68-1.03-1.00-4.09-1.20-4.37-5.04
P值< 0.010.090.300.32< 0.010.23< 0.01< 0.01
14男7101.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女6521.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(3.0, 6.0)
Z值-2.47-1.28-3.67-1.81-5.36-2.76-4.96-5.11
P值0.010.20< 0.010.070.000.01< 0.01< 0.01
15男3941.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女3581.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(3.0, 7.0)
Z值-4.49-1.45-1.58-1.35-4.76-1.34-4.72-5.09
P值< 0.010.150.110.18< 0.010.18< 0.01< 0.01
16男3871.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女4141.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.64-1.01-3.72-1.68-3.70-0.59-6.00-3.78
P值0.520.31< 0.010.09< 0.010.55< 0.01< 0.01
17男4651.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女4431.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.59-0.46-2.79-1.03-4.84-0.19-4.32-4.03
P值0.560.650.010.31< 0.010.85< 0.01< 0.01
18男3181.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女3071.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.00, 2.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)6.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.11-0.56-6.22-0.78-2.53-0.59-2.47-3.82
P值0.910.57< 0.010.440.010.550.01< 0.01
总体男2 9081.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女2 8051.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 5.0)
Z值-5.58-1.53-6.91-0.57-10.37-2.86-10.87-10.90
P值< 0.010.13< 0.010.57< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879408538615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各年龄组不同性别中学生PSQI及各因子评分比较[M(P25, P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数统计值睡眠质量入睡时间睡眠时间睡眠效率睡眠障碍催眠药物日间功能障碍PSQI
13男6341.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)3.0(2.0, 5.0)
女6311.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(3.0, 6.0)
Z值-4.62-1.68-1.03-1.00-4.09-1.20-4.37-5.04
P值< 0.010.090.300.32< 0.010.23< 0.01< 0.01
14男7101.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女6521.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(3.0, 6.0)
Z值-2.47-1.28-3.67-1.81-5.36-2.76-4.96-5.11
P值0.010.20< 0.010.070.000.01< 0.01< 0.01
15男3941.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女3581.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(3.0, 7.0)
Z值-4.49-1.45-1.58-1.35-4.76-1.34-4.72-5.09
P值< 0.010.150.110.18< 0.010.18< 0.01< 0.01
16男3871.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女4141.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.64-1.01-3.72-1.68-3.70-0.59-6.00-3.78
P值0.520.31< 0.010.09< 0.010.55< 0.01< 0.01
17男4651.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女4431.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 3.0)5.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.59-0.46-2.79-1.03-4.84-0.19-4.32-4.03
P值0.560.650.010.31< 0.010.85< 0.01< 0.01
18男3181.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 6.0)
女3071.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(1.00, 2.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)6.0(4.0, 7.0)
Z值-0.11-0.56-6.22-0.78-2.53-0.59-2.47-3.82
P值0.910.57< 0.010.440.010.550.01< 0.01
总体男2 9081.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 2.0)4.0(2.0, 6.0)
女2 8051.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)1.0(0.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)1.0(1.0, 1.0)0.0(0.0, 0.0)2.0(1.0, 2.0)5.0(3.0, 5.0)
Z值-5.58-1.53-6.91-0.57-10.37-2.86-10.87-10.90
P值< 0.010.13< 0.010.57< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879505007608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of cardiorespiratory endurance indexes of secondary school students of different genders and age groups [M(P25, P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数统计值20 m SRT/次VO2max[mL/(kg·min)]
13男63440(24, 53)46.30(41.35, 51.25)
女63132(21, 41)47.27(41.43, 52.22)
Z值-6.41-14.07
14男71047(31, 60)46.75(40.95, 51.88)
女65234(24, 43)46.78(41.46, 51.92)
Z值-10.88-18.94
15男39448(32, 61)47.43(42.27, 52.33)
女35835(27, 42)45.82(41.34, 50.09)
Z值-9.03-14.33
16男38750(35, 59)45.00(38.88, 50.83)
女41437(27, 44)45.37(39.94, 50.86)
Z值-10.35-15.37
17男46552(39, 62)46.00(40.53, 50.88)
女44334(24, 40)45.48(40.61, 49.94)
Z值-15.27-18.06
18男31850(36, 62)44.68(40.04, 48.40)
女30730(22, 37)46.95(40.35, 53.38)
Z值-13.11-14.98
总体男2 90847(31, 60)46.16(40.73, 51.32)
女2 80534(24, 41)46.37(40.94, 51.28)
Z值-25.67-38.80
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879576310777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同性别各年龄组中学生心肺耐力指标比较[M(P25, P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁性别人数统计值20 m SRT/次VO2max[mL/(kg·min)]
13男63440(24, 53)46.30(41.35, 51.25)
女63132(21, 41)47.27(41.43, 52.22)
Z值-6.41-14.07
14男71047(31, 60)46.75(40.95, 51.88)
女65234(24, 43)46.78(41.46, 51.92)
Z值-10.88-18.94
15男39448(32, 61)47.43(42.27, 52.33)
女35835(27, 42)45.82(41.34, 50.09)
Z值-9.03-14.33
16男38750(35, 59)45.00(38.88, 50.83)
女41437(27, 44)45.37(39.94, 50.86)
Z值-10.35-15.37
17男46552(39, 62)46.00(40.53, 50.88)
女44334(24, 40)45.48(40.61, 49.94)
Z值-15.27-18.06
18男31850(36, 62)44.68(40.04, 48.40)
女30730(22, 37)46.95(40.35, 53.38)
Z值-13.11-14.98
总体男2 90847(31, 60)46.16(40.73, 51.32)
女2 80534(24, 41)46.37(40.94, 51.28)
Z值-25.67-38.80
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879656002554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Correlation between sleep quality and VO2max in secondary school students of different genders and age groups(r)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别年龄/岁人数PSQI入睡时间睡眠时间睡眠效率催眠药物日间功能障碍
男13634-0.061-0.019-0.022**0.0310.006-0.064**
14710-0.002-0.026-0.019—0.012-0.027**
15394-0.038-0.073-0.050**0.008-0.033-0.031
16387-0.065-0.071**-0.021**—0.040-0.015**
17465-0.116*-0.107*0.022—-0.005**-0.042
18318-0.043-0.0200.031-0.0640.027-0.148**
小计2 9080.0070.008*-0.032**-0.011-0.005**0.023
女13631-0.0440.026-0.054**—-0.091*-0.008
146520.033-0.077*0.0070.021-0.017**-0.011
15358-0.0260.0020.007—-0.0210.008
16414-0.045*-0.0360.0060.040-0.0330.018
17443-0.056**0.042-0.054-0.090-0.102*-0.088**
18307-0.0060.070-0.071-0.004-0.089**-0.098**
小计2 805-0.0010.000-0.028**-0.001-0.025-0.008*
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879752471547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同性别各年龄组中学生PSQI因子与VO2max的相关性(r值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别年龄/岁人数PSQI入睡时间睡眠时间睡眠效率催眠药物日间功能障碍
男13634-0.061-0.019-0.022**0.0310.006-0.064**
14710-0.002-0.026-0.019—0.012-0.027**
15394-0.038-0.073-0.050**0.008-0.033-0.031
16387-0.065-0.071**-0.021**—0.040-0.015**
17465-0.116*-0.107*0.022—-0.005**-0.042
18318-0.043-0.0200.031-0.0640.027-0.148**
小计2 9080.0070.008*-0.032**-0.011-0.005**0.023
女13631-0.0440.026-0.054**—-0.091*-0.008
146520.033-0.077*0.0070.021-0.017**-0.011
15358-0.0260.0020.007—-0.0210.008
16414-0.045*-0.0360.0060.040-0.0330.018
17443-0.056**0.042-0.054-0.090-0.102*-0.088**
18307-0.0060.070-0.071-0.004-0.089**-0.098**
小计2 805-0.0010.000-0.028**-0.001-0.025-0.008*
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879827969020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Linear regression analysis of sleep quality and VO2max in secondary school students (n=5 713)

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常量与自变量β值标准误t值P值
常量49.9350.58086.027＜0.01
入睡时间0.3800.2101.8080.07
睡眠时间-0.3840.202-1.8970.06
睡眠效率1.3382.0140.6640.51
催眠药物0.4500.3151.4280.15
日间功能障碍-0.0710.202-0.3540.72
PSQI总分-0.3470.119-2.917＜0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325501879890883581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501872009786306, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

中学生睡眠质量与VO2max线性回归分析(n=5 713)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
常量与自变量β值标准误t值P值
常量49.9350.58086.027＜0.01
入睡时间0.3800.2101.8080.07
睡眠时间-0.3840.202-1.8970.06
睡眠效率1.3382.0140.6640.51
催眠药物0.4500.3151.4280.15
日间功能障碍-0.0710.202-0.3540.72
PSQI总分-0.3470.119-2.917＜0.01
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中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系
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曾理 1 , 曹伟 *, 2 , 尹小俭 3 , 王进贤 4 , 吴慧攀 5
中国学校卫生 | 心理卫生 2025,46(3): 372-376
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中国学校卫生 |心理卫生 2025 , 46 (3) : 372 -376
中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系
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曾理1, 曹伟*, 2 , 尹小俭3, 王进贤4, 吴慧攀5
作者信息
  • 1华东理工大学体育科学与工程学院，上海 200237
  • 2上海应用技术大学体育教育部
  • 3华东师范大学体育与健康学院
  • 4中北大学体育学院
  • 5太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
通讯作者:
曹伟，E-mail:
作者简介:

曾理(1985-)，男，湖北武汉人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为学生健康促进与干预

Association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students
Li ZENG1, Wei CAO*, 2 , Xiaojian YIN3, Jinxian WANG4, Huipan WU5
Affiliations
  • 1School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai(200237), China
出版时间: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075
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摘要
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目的

探讨中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系，为促进中国青少年身心健康全面发展提供参考。

方法

于2023年9—12月, 在上海、苏州、太原、婺源、兴义、乌鲁木齐分别采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取5 713名13~18岁中学生，采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)结合心肺耐力测试的方法对中学生的睡眠质量和心肺耐力水平进行评估，采用Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系。

结果

中学生睡眠质量差的报告率为33.7%(1 926/5 713)，13~18岁女生的PSQI评分均高于男生(χ2值分别为1.60，12.78，15.62，3.04，10.09，13.65，P值均 < 0.05)。中学生20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)为40(27，51)次，VO2max为46.27(40.84，51.30)mL/(kg·min)，各年龄段女生20 m SRT与VO2max均低于男生(Z=-15.27~-6.41，-18.06~-14.07，P值均 < 0.05)。男生心肺耐力(VO2max)与睡眠时间和催眠药物评分呈负相关(r值分别为-0.032，-0.005)，女生VO2max与睡眠时间、日间功能障碍评分均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.028，-0.008)(P值均 < 0.05)。控制相关变量后，线性回归分析显示，中学生PSQI总分与VO2max呈负相关(β=-0.347，P < 0.01)。

结论

中学生睡眠质量越好，心肺耐力水平越高。促进中学生睡眠质量有利于改善其心肺耐力水平。

睡眠  /  心脏  /  肺  /  精神卫生  /  学生
Objective

To explore the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents.

Methods

From September to December 2023, 5 713 secondary school students aged 13 to 18 years were selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi, respectively. Sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness level of secondary school students were evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) combined with cardiorespiratory fitness test, and the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness was analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multivariate linear regression.

Results

The report rate of poor sleep quality among secondary school students was 33.7%(1 926/5 713). The PSQI scores of girls aged 13-18 years were higher than those of boys (χ2=1.60, 12.78, 15.62, 3.04, 10.09, 13.65) (P < 0.05). The 20 m SRT of secondary school students was 40 (27, 51) times, and the VO2max was 46.27 (40. 84, 51.30) mL/(kg · min). The 20 m SRT and VO2max of girls of all ages were lower than those of boys(Z=-15.27 to -6.41, -18.06 to -14.07, P < 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) was negatively correlated with sleep duration and hypnotic medication scores in boys (r=-0.032, -0.005); VO2max was negatively correlated with sleep duration and daytime dysfunction scores in girls (r=-0.028, -0.008) (P < 0.05). After controlling the related variables, linear regression analysis showed that the total PSQI score was negatively correlated with VO2max among secondary school students(β=-0.347, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Secondary school students with better sleep quality have higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Sleep quality should be promoted to improve cardiorespiratory fitness levels in secondary school students.

Sleep  /  Heart  /  Lung  /  Mental health  /  Students
曾理, 曹伟, 尹小俭, 王进贤, 吴慧攀. 中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (3) : 372 -376 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075
Li ZENG, Wei CAO, Xiaojian YIN, Jinxian WANG, Huipan WU. Association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (3) : 372 -376 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075
正文
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心肺耐力是儿童青少年体质健康的核心要素，是衡量身体健康的重要指标，也是各类疾病的独立风险预测因子[1]。调研数据显示，虽然我国学生力量和心肺耐力等指标有所改善，但总体水平仍然偏低，青少年的心肺耐力亟待提升[2]。研究发现，我国男生心肺耐力水平普遍高于女生，且不同年龄阶段的心肺耐力水平也存在差异[3]。影响青少年心肺耐力的因素众多，包括体力活动、在校时间、饮食、环境等[4-6]。但睡眠作为影响青少年健康状况的重要因素，与心肺耐力关系的研究结果尚存在矛盾性，如有研究证实，睡眠充足的青少年耐力测试成绩明显优于睡眠不足的青少年[7]；但也有研究表明，青少年的睡眠质量与心肺耐力关联无统计学意义[8]。在高海拔环境中，初期的低氧环境会导致青少年睡眠质量下降，心肺耐力减弱，但随着时间的推移，青少年的身体会逐渐适应，睡眠质量与心肺耐力都会得到改善[9]。本研究在调查我国中学生睡眠质量和心肺耐力基本特征的基础上，进一步探讨两者之间的相关性，为青少年身心健康的全面发展提供参考和借鉴。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
于2023年9—12月，在上海、苏州、太原、婺源、兴义和乌鲁木齐6座城市进行实地测试和问卷调查。遵循性别平衡、年龄相近且人数大致相同的原则，共选取18所学校。采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取其中201个班级，将班级所有学生纳入研究。共发放问卷6 500份，回收有效问卷5 713份，有效率为87.9%。其中男生2 908名，女生2 805名；13岁学生1 265名，14岁1 362名，15岁752名，16岁801名，17岁908名，18岁625名。研究通过华东师范大学人体实验伦理委员会批准(批准号：HR761-2022)，调查对象均知情同意。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　睡眠质量测试
使用国际通用的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI)对青少年的睡眠质量进行评估。该量表包含18个条目，分为7个因子，每个因子评分范围在0~3分，将各部分得分相加即为PSQI总分，总分范围为0~21分。总分≤5分表示睡眠质量好，>5分表示睡眠质量差，得分越高，睡眠质量越差[10-11]。该量表Cronbach α系数为0.809，Bartlett检验结果为0.884，P < 0.01。
1.2.2　心肺耐力测试
采用20 m往返跑(20 m shuttle run test, 20 m SRT)测试评估青少年心肺耐力。测试过程中，青少年需要在两条相距20 m的标志线之间进行往返跑动。测试节奏由音乐控制，初始速度较慢，随后每分钟递增1级，即速度逐渐加快。测试终止条件为青少年达到力竭状态或在音乐停止前连续两次未能及时到达端线，成绩以完成往返跑的总次数计算。通过20 m SRT的成绩，结合以下公式，推算出青少年的最大摄氧量(VO2max)=62.103+(0.302×20 m SRT次数)-(0.877×体质量指数)-(4.874×性别)-(0.465×年龄)[12]。
1.2.3　控制变量测试
执行功能通过E-prime 1.1软件系统进行评估，包括Flanker任务、N-back任务和More-odd shifting任务，分别用于测量抑制功能、工作记忆(1-back和2-back)和转换功能。各任务的反应时数据作为执行功能的指标，反应时较短表示执行功能较好[13]。体力活动依据《7岁~18岁儿童青少年体力活动水平评价》[14]标准进行评估，涵盖了青少年体育课的参与情况、活动频率、持续时间及主观强度等方面，依据该标准将青少年平均每天累计中高强度体力活动时间低于70 min认定为体力活动不达标。心理健康状况通过《青少年心理健康评定简明问卷》[15]进行系统调查，得分≥P90表示心理健康，＜P10表示心理亚健康。营养状况根据《国家学生体质健康标准(2014)》[16]测量身高、体重，计算体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)=体重(kg)/[身高(m)]2，并依据WHO的5~19岁生长标准[17]，将BMI划分为消瘦、正常、超重和肥胖4个等级。
1.3　质量控制
为确保测试过程的规范性和准确性，本研究制定了标准化的测试流程。在测试实施前，对参与测试的工作人员进行系统化的培训，明确测试流程和操作规范。在正式测试环节，工作人员先向学生进行详细的示范讲解，再进行测试。测试完成后，对收集的数据进行脱敏编码处理，以保护学生隐私。
1.4　统计学分析
采用SPSS 27.0软件进行数据分析。对于符合正态分布的数据使用(x±s)描述，并运用独立样本t检验进行组间差异分析；对于不符合正态分布的数据采用[M(P25，P75)]描述，并通过Mann-Whitney U检验分析组间差异。采用χ2检验分析不同性别各年龄组青少年睡眠质量的分布情况。采用Pearson相关分析方法探讨睡眠质量与心肺耐力相关性，控制执行功能(抑制功能、1-back、2-back和转换功能反应时)、心理健康(心理健康=1，心理亚健康＝2)、体力活动(达标=1，不达标=2)和营养状况(消瘦=1，正常=2，超重=3，肥胖=4)等因素后，运用多元线性回归模型分析睡眠质量对中学生心肺耐力的影响。检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　中学生睡眠质量基本特征
见表1~2。
中学生睡眠质量差的报告率为33.7%(1 926/5 713)。尤其16岁以上中学生睡眠质量差的报告率达35%以上，并且随着年龄的增长，PSQI评分逐渐增加，睡眠质量差报告率也越来越高。各年龄段女生的PSQI评分均高于男生，睡眠质量差的报告率也高于男生，且性别差异随着年龄增加越来越明显。
2.2　中学生心肺耐力基本特征
由表3可知，中学生20 m SRT为40(27，51)次，VO2max为46.27(40.84，51.30)mL/(kg·min)，各年龄段女生20 m SRT与VO2max均低于男生(P值均 < 0.05)。男生20 m SRT随着年龄的增长逐渐增加，VO2max的变化较为稳定；女生20 m SRT随着年龄的增长先增加后降低，而VO2max有所下降。
2.3　中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的相关分析
因睡眠质量与睡眠障碍和其他多个因子出现共线性，故剔除2个因子后进行睡眠质量与心肺耐力的相关性分析。由表4可知，睡眠时间与VO2max在男生(r=-0.032)和女生(r=-0.028)中均呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05)。入睡时间在男生中与VO2max呈正相关(r=0.008, P < 0.05)，但在女生中无相关性。日间功能障碍在13, 14, 16和18岁男生及17, 18岁女生中与VO2max均呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05)。
2.4　4中学生睡眠质量与心肺耐力的多元线性回归分析
由表5可知，在控制执行功能、心理健康、体力活动和营养状况因素后，PSQI总分与VO2max呈负相关(P < 0.01)。
3　讨论
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本研究调查了13~18岁中学生睡眠情况和心肺耐力情况，结果显示，各年龄段中学生均存在不同程度睡眠差的问题，尤其14岁以后，随着年龄的增长，睡眠质量差的青少年数量逐渐增加，程度也更加显著，且各年龄段女生睡眠质量差的报告率也高于男生。说明中学生睡眠质量存在性别差异，与以往的研究结果一致[18]。各年龄中学男生20 m SRT和VO2max均高于女生，与以往有关研究结果一致[19-20]。可能是因为：(1)生理因素。青春期后期男生体内睾酮激素的分泌水平显著提升，睾酮激素能够增强心肌收缩力，改善肺通气功能，进而显著提升青少年的心肺耐力水平。相比之下，女生雌激素分泌增加导致脂肪积累和肌肉组织发育速度较慢，且女生体脂率相对较高，影响运动表现和心肺耐力；而男生具有更高的肌肉量，有助于增强心肺耐力[21-22]。(2)心理和行为因素。男生一般更喜欢参加剧烈运动，日常能量消耗较高，肌肉和骨骼发达。女生相对较为文静，参与高强度运动较少，从而导致男生和女生的心肺耐力出现差异[23-25]。
本研究中学生PSQI总评分与VO2max存在负相关，即睡眠质量越好，心肺耐力水平相对越高。国内外均有研究显示，青少年睡眠质量对心肺耐力具有积极影响[26-27]。Eshera等[28]研究表明，良好的睡眠质量可以增强心肺耐力，从而改善整体健康状况。Liew等[29]也指出睡眠不足会导致心肺耐力水平下降。Prince等[30]采用系统回顾和元分析的方法，得出睡眠质量对心肺耐力有显著影响的结果。本研究还发现，睡眠质量与心肺耐力在各年龄中学生中的关联也不尽相同。目前有关睡眠质量与心肺耐力的关系尚在不断深化研究的阶段，但仍存在一定争议。如Osailan等[31]的研究显示，心肺耐力与PSQI以及各组成部分之间均无显著关联，相关研究仍需进一步深化，以全面理解两者之间的关系。
综上所述，青少年睡眠质量的改善对心肺耐力水平的提高有一定促进作用，因此重视青少年的睡眠质量尤为重要。应通过建立社会、学校和家庭三方联动机制，形成教育合力，有效促进青少年睡眠质量的整体提升，为青少年的身心健康发展提供保障。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82373595)
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2025年第46卷第3期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075
  • 接收时间：2025-02-07
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-03-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-02-07
  • 修回日期：2025-02-26
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(82373595)
作者信息
    1华东理工大学体育科学与工程学院，上海 200237
    2上海应用技术大学体育教育部
    3华东师范大学体育与健康学院
    4中北大学体育学院
    5太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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