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Article(id=1325500925791576245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325500677975318675, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720454400000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-09, revisedDate=1731772800000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953647325, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953647325, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953647325, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953647325, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325500677975318675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='153', pageEnd='304', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1740412800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953588241, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953588241, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=276, endPage=279, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325500927624487094, articleId=1325500925791576245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms among adolescents, columnId=1325500884406379444, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Disease Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents, so as to provide the evidence for reducing the prevalence of dry eye symptoms.

Methods

The study population was adolescents aged 12-24 years from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) survey, which was conducted from 20 June to 31 August 2022. A stratified random sampling and quota sampling method was used to select 6 456 adolescents within mainland China. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) were used to assess dry eye symptoms and sleep quality. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents. The influence of gender on the association was explored by using interaction terms.

Results

A total of 2 815 adolescents reported having dry eye symptoms, with a prevalence of 43.6%. Logistic regression analysis results showed an increased risk of exacerbation of dry eye symptoms in adolescents with poor sleep quality. The OR(95%CI) for mild, moderate, and severe dry eye symptoms groups were 1.39(1.16-1.67), 1.52(1.28-1.81), and 2.35(2.02-2.72), respectively, compared with the ocularly normal group (P < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between sleep quality and gender on dry eye symptoms in adolescents (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Sleep quality is associated with dry eye symptoms in adolescents, and those with poor sleep quality have a higher risk of dry eye symptoms. The effect of sleep quality on dry eye symptoms is greater in boys.

, authors=Jiayu XIE1, Danlin LI1, Xingxuan DONG1, Jiayan KAI1, Juan LI*, 2, Yibo WU*, 3, Chenwei PAN*, 1, authorsList=Jiayu XIE, Danlin LI, Xingxuan DONG, Jiayan KAI, Juan LI, Yibo WU, Chenwei PAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Juan LI, Yibo WU, Chenwei PAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325500928715006137, articleId=1325500925791576245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的关联, columnId=1325500884628677558, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=疾病控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探索青少年睡眠质量和干眼症状之间的关联，为降低青少年干眼症状患病率提供参考。

方法

研究对象为来自中国居民心理与行为调查(PBICR)的12~24岁青少年，于2022年6月20日—8月31日，采用分层随机与配额抽样相结合的方法在中国大陆范围选取6 456名青少年，并对其使用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)和简版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(B-PSQI)评估干眼症状和睡眠质量。应用多元Logistic回归模型探索睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间的关系，利用交互项探讨性别对关联的影响。

结果

共有2 815名青少年报告存在干眼症状，报告率为43.6%。Logistic回归分析结果显示，睡眠质量不良的青少年干眼症状加重的风险增加，与睡眠质量良好组相比，睡眠质量不良组轻度、中度和重度干眼症状的OR值(95%CI)分别为1.39(1.16~1.67)，1.52(1.28~1.81)，2.35(2.02 ~2.72)(P值均 < 0.05)。睡眠质量和性别对青少年干眼症状的交互作用有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。

结论

睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间存在关联，睡眠质量不良者干眼症状加重的风险更高，其影响在男生中更大。

, authors=谢佳煜1, 李丹琳1, 董兴璇1, 开佳妍1, 李娟*, 2, 吴一波*, 3, 潘臣炜*, 1, authorsList=谢佳煜, 李丹琳, 董兴璇, 开佳妍, 李娟, 吴一波, 潘臣炜, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李娟, 吴一波, 潘臣炜, authorNote=

谢佳煜(2001-)，女，江苏常州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

, correspAuthorsNote=
李娟，E-mail:
吴一波，E-mail:
潘臣炜，E-mail:
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谢佳煜(2001-)，女，江苏常州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

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Univariate analysis of the report rates of different degrees of dry eye symptoms in adolescents

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因素选项人数轻度中度重度χ2/H值P值
年龄/岁12~151 058121(11.4)96(9.1)164(15.5)22.92< 0.01
16~193 320447(13.5)405(12.2)652(19.6)
20~242 078223(10.7)305(14.7)402(19.3)
性别男3 196316(9.9)377(11.8)647(20.2)33.64< 0.01
女3 260475(14.6)429(13.2)571(17.5)
眼科相关疾病是4 080616(15.1)546(13.4)778(19.1)74.98< 0.01
否2 376175(7.4)260(10.9)440(18.5)
慢性病是62090(14.5)110(17.7)162(26.1)11.58< 0.01
否5 836701(12.0)696(11.9)1 056(18.1)
易感疲劳是3 623478(13.2)518(14.3)842(23.2)681.74< 0.01
否2 833313(11.0)288(10.2)376(13.3)
平均每周参与体育活动天数/d0~35 144630(12.2)641(12.5)949(18.4)19.01< 0.01
4~71 312161(12.3)165(12.6)269(20.5)
平均每天入睡前使用智能手机时长/h≤13 896469(12.0)478(12.3)725(18.6)1.630.65
>12 560322(12.6)328(12.8)493(19.3)
经济分区东部2 578339(13.1)312(12.1)485(18.8)4.260.64
中部2 184247(11.3)274(12.5)412(18.9)
西部1 694205(12.1)220(13.0)321(18.9)
睡眠质量良好4 687556(11.9)540(11.5)669(14.3)127.11< 0.01
不良1 769235(13.3)266(15.0)549(31.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1325500936055038191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325500925791576245, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

青少年不同程度干眼症状报告率单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素选项人数轻度中度重度χ2/H值P值
年龄/岁12~151 058121(11.4)96(9.1)164(15.5)22.92< 0.01
16~193 320447(13.5)405(12.2)652(19.6)
20~242 078223(10.7)305(14.7)402(19.3)
性别男3 196316(9.9)377(11.8)647(20.2)33.64< 0.01
女3 260475(14.6)429(13.2)571(17.5)
眼科相关疾病是4 080616(15.1)546(13.4)778(19.1)74.98< 0.01
否2 376175(7.4)260(10.9)440(18.5)
慢性病是62090(14.5)110(17.7)162(26.1)11.58< 0.01
否5 836701(12.0)696(11.9)1 056(18.1)
易感疲劳是3 623478(13.2)518(14.3)842(23.2)681.74< 0.01
否2 833313(11.0)288(10.2)376(13.3)
平均每周参与体育活动天数/d0~35 144630(12.2)641(12.5)949(18.4)19.01< 0.01
4~71 312161(12.3)165(12.6)269(20.5)
平均每天入睡前使用智能手机时长/h≤13 896469(12.0)478(12.3)725(18.6)1.630.65
>12 560322(12.6)328(12.8)493(19.3)
经济分区东部2 578339(13.1)312(12.1)485(18.8)4.260.64
中部2 184247(11.3)274(12.5)412(18.9)
西部1 694205(12.1)220(13.0)321(18.9)
睡眠质量良好4 687556(11.9)540(11.5)669(14.3)127.11< 0.01
不良1 769235(13.3)266(15.0)549(31.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1325500936134729968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325500925791576245, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Multivariate Logistic regression model for the association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents [OR(95%CI), n=6 456]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型睡眠质量轻度中度重度
模型1良好1.001.001.00
不良1.72(1.45~2.04)2.00(1.69~2.37)3.34(2.90~3.83)
模型2良好1.001.001.00
不良1.39(1.16~1.67)1.52(1.28~1.81)2.35(2.02~2.72)
), ArticleFig(id=1325500936260559089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325500925791576245, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状关联的多因素Logistic回归模型[OR值(95%CI)，n=6 456]

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模型睡眠质量轻度中度重度
模型1良好1.001.001.00
不良1.72(1.45~2.04)2.00(1.69~2.37)3.34(2.90~3.83)
模型2良好1.001.001.00
不良1.39(1.16~1.67)1.52(1.28~1.81)2.35(2.02~2.72)
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睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的关联
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谢佳煜 1 , 李丹琳 1 , 董兴璇 1 , 开佳妍 1 , 李娟 *, 2 , 吴一波 *, 3 , 潘臣炜 *, 1
中国学校卫生 | 疾病控制 2025,46(2): 276-279
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中国学校卫生 |疾病控制 2025 , 46 (2) : 276 -279
睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的关联
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谢佳煜1, 李丹琳1, 董兴璇1, 开佳妍1, 李娟*, 2 , 吴一波*, 3 , 潘臣炜*, 1
作者信息
  • 1苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院，江苏 215123
  • 2西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)眼科
  • 3北京大学公共卫生学院
通讯作者:
李娟，E-mail:
吴一波，E-mail:
潘臣炜，E-mail:
作者简介:

谢佳煜(2001-)，女，江苏常州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

Association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms among adolescents
Jiayu XIE1, Danlin LI1, Xingxuan DONG1, Jiayan KAI1, Juan LI*, 2 , Yibo WU*, 3 , Chenwei PAN*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou (215123), Jiangsu Province, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046
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摘要
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目的

探索青少年睡眠质量和干眼症状之间的关联，为降低青少年干眼症状患病率提供参考。

方法

研究对象为来自中国居民心理与行为调查(PBICR)的12~24岁青少年，于2022年6月20日—8月31日，采用分层随机与配额抽样相结合的方法在中国大陆范围选取6 456名青少年，并对其使用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)和简版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(B-PSQI)评估干眼症状和睡眠质量。应用多元Logistic回归模型探索睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间的关系，利用交互项探讨性别对关联的影响。

结果

共有2 815名青少年报告存在干眼症状，报告率为43.6%。Logistic回归分析结果显示，睡眠质量不良的青少年干眼症状加重的风险增加，与睡眠质量良好组相比，睡眠质量不良组轻度、中度和重度干眼症状的OR值(95%CI)分别为1.39(1.16~1.67)，1.52(1.28~1.81)，2.35(2.02 ~2.72)(P值均 < 0.05)。睡眠质量和性别对青少年干眼症状的交互作用有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。

结论

睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间存在关联，睡眠质量不良者干眼症状加重的风险更高，其影响在男生中更大。

睡眠  /  干眼病  /  回归分析  /  青少年
Objective

To explore the association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents, so as to provide the evidence for reducing the prevalence of dry eye symptoms.

Methods

The study population was adolescents aged 12-24 years from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) survey, which was conducted from 20 June to 31 August 2022. A stratified random sampling and quota sampling method was used to select 6 456 adolescents within mainland China. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) were used to assess dry eye symptoms and sleep quality. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents. The influence of gender on the association was explored by using interaction terms.

Results

A total of 2 815 adolescents reported having dry eye symptoms, with a prevalence of 43.6%. Logistic regression analysis results showed an increased risk of exacerbation of dry eye symptoms in adolescents with poor sleep quality. The OR(95%CI) for mild, moderate, and severe dry eye symptoms groups were 1.39(1.16-1.67), 1.52(1.28-1.81), and 2.35(2.02-2.72), respectively, compared with the ocularly normal group (P < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between sleep quality and gender on dry eye symptoms in adolescents (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Sleep quality is associated with dry eye symptoms in adolescents, and those with poor sleep quality have a higher risk of dry eye symptoms. The effect of sleep quality on dry eye symptoms is greater in boys.

Sleep  /  Xerophthalmia  /  Regression analysis  /  Adolescent
谢佳煜, 李丹琳, 董兴璇, 开佳妍, 李娟, 吴一波, 潘臣炜. 睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (2) : 276 -279 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046
Jiayu XIE, Danlin LI, Xingxuan DONG, Jiayan KAI, Juan LI, Yibo WU, Chenwei PAN. Association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms among adolescents[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (2) : 276 -279 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046
正文
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干眼是一种影响眼表和泪膜的多因素疾病，是常见的眼表疾病之一，患者表现为眼睛干燥、瘙痒、粗糙、疼痛、光敏、视力模糊等[1]，并会造成如角膜炎、角膜溃疡甚至角膜穿孔等严重后果[2]。一项多中心的研究表明中国干眼的患病率为57.6%[3]，且呈现低龄化趋势[4-7]，其中青少年干眼的患病率为45.9%[8]。以往研究表明，超过40%的干眼患者睡眠质量不良[9-10]，睡眠障碍患者更容易发生干眼[11-13]。同时，有研究显示性别是干眼发病的相关因素[14]，但研究人群主要集中在成年人且多为国外人群，对于探索我国青少年性别与睡眠质量的交互效应分析不够全面。因此，本研究通过问卷调查，在全国范围内探索青少年的睡眠质量和干眼症状之间的关联，评估睡眠质量和性别对干眼症状的交互作用，为改善青少年干眼症状的现况提供依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
为中国居民心理与行为调查(Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents, PBICR)[15]的研究对象。该调查于2022年6月20日—8月31日在中国大陆32个省、自治区和直辖市进行。采用分层随机抽样与配额抽样相结合的方法，第一阶段，选择北京、天津、上海、重庆4个直辖市，在每个直辖市使用随机数字表法选择2~12个城市，总计有148个城市；第二阶段，在抽取的148个城市中，根据该城市所在一级行政区的人口基数，确定抽取的社区数量，在每个抽取的城市中，按农村社区：城镇社区为3:2的比例共抽取10~60个社区，合计780个社区。第三阶段，使用基于性别和年龄的配额抽样方法选择每个社区的居民，需要符合1∶1的性别比例和与第七次全国人口普查的比例一致的年龄分布。通过与每位参与者面对面访谈，使用问卷收集信息。如果无法实现面对面的调查，调查人员将进行在线视频调查，通过问卷星发放电子问卷收集信息[16]。PBICR共调查21 916人，本研究选择12~24岁年龄段的青少年共6 456名，其中男生3 196名，女生3 260名；平均年龄为(18.3 ± 2.7)岁。本研究遵循《赫尔辛基宣言》的原则，所有参与者均提供书面知情同意书，已通过陕西省健康文化研究中心伦理委员会批准(批准号：JK WH-2022-02；2022-K050)。
1.2　调查方法
调查内容包括社会人口学特征、眼科相关疾病、慢性病状况、易感疲劳及平均每周参与体育活动天数、平均每天入睡前使用智能手机时长、经济分区等相关因素。
1.2.1　干眼症状问卷调查
干眼症状采用眼表疾病指数(Ocular Surface Disease Index, OSDI)进行评估，该量表常用于主观评估干眼症状[17]，具有较高的信、效度[18]。量表包括3个方面：眼部症状、视觉相关功能、环境刺激因子，共12题，选项为“没有时间、有时、一半时间、大部分时间和所有时间”，分别计为“0，1，2，3，4”。量表总分为所有得分的总和×25/回答题目数量[18]，总分为0~100分，分数越高表明干眼症状越严重。根据评分结果，将0~12分定义为正常，13~22分为存在轻度干眼症状，23~32分为存在中度干眼症状，33~100分为存在重度干眼症状[19]。问卷在本次调查中的Cronbach α系数为0.93。
1.2.2　睡眠质量问卷调查
采用简版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，B-PSQI)进行评估，B-PSQI在分类睡眠不良者方面具有良好的敏感性(75.82%)和特异性(76.99%)，与完整的PSQI值相似[20]。量表包括就寝时间、起床时间、入睡时长、睡眠时长、睡眠障碍、睡眠质量6个问题。入睡时长的选项为“≤15，16~30，31~ < 60，≥60 min”，睡眠时长的选项为“>7，6~7，5~ < 6， < 5 h”，睡眠障碍的选项为“无，>0~ < 1，1~2，≥3周/次”，睡眠质量的选项为“很好，较好，较差，很差”，分别计分为0~3分。睡眠效率项目计算方式为总睡眠时间/(起床时间-就寝时间)×100%，≥85%计0分，75%~ < 85%计1分，65%~ < 75%计2分， < 65%计3分。B-PSQI的5个得分项目合计产生总分，为0~15分，分数越高表明睡眠质量越差[20]。以总分5分作为区分睡眠质量良好者(B-PSQI≤5分)和睡眠质量不良者(B-PSQI>5分)的分界点[20]。问卷在本次调查中的Cronbach α系数为0.64。
1.3　质量控制
设计阶段，全面查阅书籍和文献后设计问卷，与专家进行咨询与讨论。预调查阶段，采用配额抽样进行预试验，及时对被调查者所反馈的意见进行修改。正式调查前，对调查员进行培训与测试，测试通过者方可参与后续调查。问卷发放阶段，对研究对象进行编码，汇总与评价收集到的问卷，及时发现问题并纠正。数据录入与预处理阶段，设定问卷筛选标准，由两人进行逻辑检查和数据筛选，以保证研究的质量。
1.4　统计学方法
采用SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行统计分析。干眼症状为等级资料，故采用非参数Krus-kal-Wallis H检验比较各因素间的差异。采用多元Logistic回归模型分析睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间的关系，以及性别与睡眠质量对青少年干眼症状的交互作用。以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2　结果
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2.1　青少年干眼症状基本情况
6 456名青少年中，2 815名(43.6%)青少年报告有干眼症状。其中轻度791名(12.3%)，中度806名(12.5%)，重度1 218名(18.9%)。男生有1 340名存在干眼症状，其中轻度316名，中度377名，重度647名；女生有1 475名报告有干眼症状，其中轻度475名，中度429名，重度571名。12~15，16~19，20~24岁年龄段青少年分别有381，1 504，930名报告有干眼症状。睡眠质量不良的青少年中59.4%(1 050/1 769)报告有干眼症状，其中轻度235名(13.3%)，中度266名(15.0%)，重度549名(31.0%)。见表1。
2.2　青少年干眼症状的单因素分析
不同年龄段、性别、眼科相关疾病、慢性病、易感疲劳、平均每周参与体育活动天数、睡眠质量的青少年干眼症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
2.3　青少年干眼症状的多因素分析
以干眼症状为因变量(正常组为参照)，根据单因素分析结果，将有统计学意义的因素纳入模型进行校正，多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状之间存在关联。与睡眠质量良好组相比，睡眠质量不良的青少年干眼症状加重的风险增加，轻度、中度和重度组的OR值分别为1.39，1.52，2.35(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
2.4　性别和睡眠质量对青少年干眼症状的交互作用
采用多元Logistic回归分析“性别和睡眠质量”交互项对干眼症状的交互作用，结果显示，性别和睡眠质量的交互作用有统计学意义(P < 0.01)，在睡眠质量不良的情况下，男生的OSDI得分高于女生；较女生而言，男生的变化范围更大，说明睡眠质量不良对男生干眼症状的影响更大。见图1。
3　讨论
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本研究中，青少年的干眼症状报告率为43.6%，与既往报道的结果基本一致[21-24]，可能是因为生活方式的变化和电子产品的高使用率，导致青少年的干眼症状检出率高。
此外，本研究还发现睡眠质量不良者患重、中和轻度干眼症状的风险分别是良好组的2.35，1.52，1.39倍，与以往研究一致[25]，青少年户外活动时间的减少和使用电子屏幕时间的增加，导致睡眠时间推迟，从而降低睡眠质量，影响青少年视力。目前关于睡眠质量与干眼症状之间的理论机制尚不明确，睡眠质量下降会扰乱泪液渗透压的昼夜节律，引起眼表的高渗性和泪液分泌减少[26]，而泪液的高渗性和泪膜不稳定性被认为是导致干眼的主要原因[27]。此外，睡眠障碍会促进炎症反应[28]，从而导致角结膜上皮损伤，造成持续的炎症状态，在炎症因子的长期作用下会引起细胞毒性作用，导致泪腺被破坏，结膜上皮受损，进而引发一系列干眼症状[13]。泪腺产生泪液，泪液受到副交感神经和交感神经的支配，副交感神经能够刺激泪液分泌。睡眠障碍可能通过降低副交感神经张力而导致泪液分泌减少，从而加重干眼症状[29]。
一项韩国调查研究显示干眼与睡眠障碍之间的正相关性在男性、年轻人和贫困人群中更为明显[30]。Magno等[31]认为性别对睡眠质量和干眼之间关系不存在影响。因此，关于性别对干眼症状与睡眠质量关联的影响仍然存在争议。基于交互分析，本研究发现“睡眠质量×性别”作为交互项对青少年干眼症状的发展影响有统计学意义，睡眠质量不良的男生患干眼症状的风险比女生高。过去关于成人的多项研究表明，女性患干眼比男性更普遍[2, 31-32]，与本研究结果相反。可能由于青少年和成人患者的干眼发病机制存在差异，青少年的性激素水平与成人不同[33]，性激素会影响成人干眼症状的发展，但其对青少年干眼症状的影响是微不足道的[34]。因此男生应该格外注重睡眠卫生，以降低患干眼症状的风险。
本研究优势是基于全国数据库PBICR，分布范围广，数据具有较好的参考性。局限性为分析数据来自于横断面设计，对于睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的因果关系难以推断；此外评估干眼症状的OSDI量表以及评估睡眠质量的B-PSQI量表均为自我报告，存在回忆偏倚。在未来的研究中，可采取客观方法测量睡眠，如智能可穿戴设备；可设计系列纵向研究进一步证实睡眠质量与青少年干眼症状的因果关系。
基金
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  • 南开大学眼科学研究院开放基金项目(NKYKD202206)
文献
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2025年第46卷第2期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046
  • 接收时间：2024-07-09
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-09
  • 修回日期：2024-11-17
基金
南开大学眼科学研究院开放基金项目(NKYKD202206)
作者信息
    1苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院，江苏 215123
    2西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)眼科
    3北京大学公共卫生学院

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李娟，E-mail:
吴一波，E-mail:
潘臣炜，E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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