Article(id=1322963095613735676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11834/jig.250570, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762876800000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-12, revisedDate=1770739200000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793348581460, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1792080000000, pubDateStr=2026-10-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793348581460, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793348581460, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793348581460, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322962941087195876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, year='2026', volume='31', issue='10', pageStart='3441', pageEnd='3818', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1792080000000', pubDateStr='2026-10-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793348544618, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793348641113, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322963345913021357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322963345913021358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3606, endPage=3617, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322963096008000253, articleId=1322963095613735676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=EN, title=Multiscale feature fusion and dynamic enhancement for voice source identification, columnId=1249044019595125147, journalTitle=Journal of Image and Graphics, columnName=Image Analysis and Recognition, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective In the field of multimedia forensics,identifying the source of voice evidence is crucial for judicial applications and information security. Voice recordings often serve as key evidence in legal investigations,yet their evidential value is limited by the capabilities of current analytical techniques. Most existing approaches focus on identifying the mobile phone model but lack the precision to differentiate between individual devices of the same model. This limitation considerably reduces the utility of voice evidence because it cannot be uniquely linked to a specific device. As a result,such evidence is often treated as supplementary in court proceedings rather than being considered direct and legally valid proof. Fine-grained device identification inability hinders digital forensics effectiveness and highlights the need for advanced methodologies.
Method To address this challenge,this study proposes a novel voice source identification (VSI) model based on multiscale feature fusion and dynamic enhancement. The model is designed to capture and amplify the subtle hardware-specific fingerprints embedded in speech signals. These fingerprints arise from variations in microphone and circuit components,making them unique to each device. The proposed framework consists of several interconnected modules. First,a residual-attention collaborative network is employed to enhance feature representation. This network combines the strengths of residual learning and attention mechanisms,enabling the model to focus on device-related characteristics while suppressing irrelevant speech content and environmental noise. The residual connections facilitate training stability,while the attention mechanism dynamically weights important features,improving discriminability. Second,a dual-path feature extraction structure is implemented. The overall feature extraction module uses an expression-enhanced time delay neural network to capture broad,context-rich device characteristics. This module processes long-term temporal dependencies,which are essential for identifying model-level attributes. Simultaneously,a local feature extraction module based on a multilevel residual SE-Res2Net architecture is used to capture fine-grained,high-frequency details. This component excels at identifying minute differences between individual devices by leveraging hierarchical residual connections and channel-wise attention,enabling multiscale feature learning within a unified framework. Third,a feature enhancement module incorporating feature recalibration and dynamic global filtering is applied. This module refines the fused multiscale features by emphasizing task-relevant information and filtering out noise. Feature recalibration adjusts channel-wise feature responses adaptively,while dynamic global filtering performs content-aware smoothing and enhancement,further strengthening the device-specific representations. Finally,a fine-grained classification model is constructed to achieve cross-level device identification. This classifier is trained to distinguish devices at multiple hierarchical levels,from brand and model down to the individual unit,improving accuracy and generalization. The entire architecture is optimized end-to-end,ensuring seamless integration of all components.
Result To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed VSI model comprehensively,a large-scale voice dataset comprising 14 mobile phone brands and 121 different individual devices was constructed. This dataset is designed to cover a wide range of scenarios and conditions,thereby providing a rigorous testbed for assessing the model's performance. The VSI model was evaluated using three key metrics: equal error rate (EER),accuracy (ACC),and minimum detection cost function (minDCF). Results demonstrate the superior performance of the VSI model compared with existing methods. Specifically,the VSI model achieved an EER of 7.50%,an ACC of 89.97%,and a minDCF of 0.38. These results are remarkably better than those obtained by four other state-of-the-art methods reported in the literature. Compared with these methods,the EER was reduced by 4.75%,4.71%,5.44% and 3.46%,respectively. The ACC was increased by 3.98%,2.20%,4.90%,and 2.52% respectively,and the minDCF was decreased by 0.04,0.04,0.30,and 0.03,respectively. These improvements highlight the effectiveness of the VSI model in accurately identifying individual devices from voice signals. Moreover,the VSI model demonstrated robustness under varying conditions of voice duration,sampling rate,and encoding format. This robustness is crucial for practical applications because voice signals in real-world scenarios often exhibit variations in these parameters. The ability of the VSI model to maintain high performance across different conditions indicates its potential for widespread adoption in forensic and security-related applications.
Conclusion The findings demonstrate that the proposed VSI model remarkably advances the field of voice source identification by enabling precise,individual-level device recognition. By effectively extracting and enhancing hardware-specific fingerprints from speech signals,the model provides a reliable means of linking voice recordings to specific mobile devices. This capability enhances the evidentiary value of voice data in judicial contexts,allowing it to serve as direct and valid evidence. Furthermore,the model’s robustness to real-world variations ensures its practical applicability in diverse scenarios. These contributions offer strong technical support for judicial forensics,intelligent terminal authentication,and broader domains of multimedia security. Future work will focus on extending the model to handle more complex audio manipulations and integrating it with complementary forensic techniques.
, authors=Zhaopin Su1
, 2
, 3, Zhen Fang1, Guofu Zhang1
, 3
, 4
, *, Yaofei Wang1
, 2
, 3, Huaijuan Zang1
, 2
, 3, authorsList=Zhaopin Su, Zhen Fang, Guofu Zhang, Yaofei Wang, Huaijuan Zang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Guofu Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322963102626611988, articleId=1322963095613735676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=CN, title=多尺度特征融合与动态增强的语音来源识别, columnId=1249044019838394781, journalTitle=中国图象图形学报, columnName=图像分析和识别, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 在多媒体取证领域,语音证据的来源识别对于司法实践和信息安全至关重要。然而,现有方法大多仅能识别手机型号,而无法精确区分个体设备,导致语音证据多被视为辅助线索而非直接有效证据。为此,提出一种多尺度特征融合与动态增强的语音来源识别模型(multi-scale feature fusion and dynamic enhancement for voice source identification,VSI)。
方法 首先,通过残差—注意力协同网络,增强模型对不同设备相关特征的捕捉能力,提取语音信号的硬件指纹特征;其次,设计基于表达增强TDNN(time-delay neural network)的整体特征提取模块,能够更好地捕捉丰富的设备特征信息;并设计基于多级残差SE-Res2Net的局部特征提取模块,有效捕捉手机设备个体之间的细微特征差异;然后,设计基于特征重校准与动态全局滤波的特征增强模块,滤除与任务无关的信息,增强与设备个体相关的特征表示;最后,构建细粒度分类模型,实现从型号到个体的跨层级设备识别。
结果 为了验证所提模型的有效性,本文构建了包含14个手机品牌、121个不同个体设备的语音数据集。所提VSI模型的等错误率(equal error rate,EER)、准确率(accuracy,ACC)和最小检测代价函数(minimum detection cost function,minDCF)指标分别为7.50%、89.97%和0.38,相较于文中对比的其他4种方法,EER分别降低了4.75%、4.71%、5.44%和3.46%,ACC分别提升了3.98%、2.20%、4.90%和2.52%,minDCF分别下降了0.04、0.04、0.30和0.03。而且,模型在改变语音时长、采样率、编码格式和幅值环境下具有一定的鲁棒性。
结论 实验表明该模型能够将语音数据作为电子证据,为司法取证、智能终端设备身份认证等领域提供有力技术支持。
, authors=苏兆品1
, 2
, 3, 方振1, 张国富1
, 3
, 4
, *, 王垚飞1
, 2
, 3, 臧怀娟1
, 2
, 3, authorsList=苏兆品, 方振, 张国富, 王垚飞, 臧怀娟, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张国富, authorNote=
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1 School of Computer and Information Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China
2 Intelligent Interconnected System Anhui Laboratory (Hefei University of Technology),Hefei 230009,China
3 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology(Hefei University of Technology),Hefei 230009,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322963104975422247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, authorId=1322963103192843042, language=CN, stringName=苏兆品, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1
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1 合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥 230601
2 智能互联系统安徽省实验室(合肥工业大学),合肥 230009
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苏兆品,女,副教授,主要研究方向为复杂智能系统和多媒体安全。E-mail: szp@hfut.edu.cn
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苏兆品,女,副教授,主要研究方向为复杂智能系统和多媒体安全。E-mail: szp@hfut.edu.cn
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3 工业安全与应急技术安徽省重点实验室(合肥工业大学),合肥 230009)])]), Author(id=1322963105042531113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2023110474@mail.hfut.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322963105109639979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, authorId=1322963105042531113, language=EN, stringName=Zhen Fang, firstName=Zhen, middleName=null, lastName=Fang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=
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1 合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥 230601, bio={"content":"
方振,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为多媒体取证。E-mail:2023110474@mail.hfut.edu.cn
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方振,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为多媒体取证。E-mail:2023110474@mail.hfut.edu.cn
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1 School of Computer and Information Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China
3 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology(Hefei University of Technology),Hefei 230009,China
4 Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Recognition of Voice and Video,Hefei 230000,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322963105420018483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, authorId=1322963105231274798, language=CN, stringName=张国富, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1
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1 合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥 230601
3 工业安全与应急技术安徽省重点实验室(合肥工业大学),合肥 230009
4 音视频智能防识联合实验室,合肥 230000, bio={"content":"
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, 2
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1 School of Computer and Information Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China
2 Intelligent Interconnected System Anhui Laboratory (Hefei University of Technology),Hefei 230009,China
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Overall structure of the VSI method, figureFileSmall=m39aVyWWao27sV7+D0PsFg==, figureFileBig=1zab1K9r1eZ7k12dzJQhgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963106716058445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
VSI方法总体结构图, figureFileSmall=m39aVyWWao27sV7+D0PsFg==, figureFileBig=1zab1K9r1eZ7k12dzJQhgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963106896413518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Structure of the expression-enhanced TDNN, figureFileSmall=+0SF5CI2f/B5F5oNjuOQtw==, figureFileBig=tzl6OSESm+uAKrkc4JfW8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963106967716687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
表达增强TDNN网络结构, figureFileSmall=+0SF5CI2f/B5F5oNjuOQtw==, figureFileBig=tzl6OSESm+uAKrkc4JfW8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107039019856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Structure of the RegB, figureFileSmall=Zd+tNeADbU87heQ+K3AMlA==, figureFileBig=RaSwv7FUhB1WU8m03fZSFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107122905937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
RegB网络结构, figureFileSmall=Zd+tNeADbU87heQ+K3AMlA==, figureFileBig=RaSwv7FUhB1WU8m03fZSFg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107194209106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Structure of the discrimination network, figureFileSmall=R2wvWUCkLlCW8S6OgN2k9Q==, figureFileBig=88HQ37h2ReELLnJzSf1eTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107261317971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
判别网络的模块结构, figureFileSmall=R2wvWUCkLlCW8S6OgN2k9Q==, figureFileBig=88HQ37h2ReELLnJzSf1eTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107324232532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Comparative results of five models, figureFileSmall=s/XaaiBjJg/TIzecbdhb3A==, figureFileBig=LpuUGf0dm+85ThgU/SI4sQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107387147093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
5种模型的对比实验结果((a) EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF)
, figureFileSmall=s/XaaiBjJg/TIzecbdhb3A==, figureFileBig=LpuUGf0dm+85ThgU/SI4sQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107483616086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Validation results of the VSI blocks, figureFileSmall=DhvekqCNoTuebgBXqsOzmw==, figureFileBig=bPteBe+5nWPpmEqB9C/xdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107550724951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
VSI模块有效性实验结果((a) EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF)
, figureFileSmall=DhvekqCNoTuebgBXqsOzmw==, figureFileBig=bPteBe+5nWPpmEqB9C/xdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107609445208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Experimental results under different durations, figureFileSmall=ezga62Pb3PRA6ENC7DzGyA==, figureFileBig=jIO/XDUMoTrxOw1+lGeB4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107676554073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同时长下模型指标对比实验结果((a) EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF)
, figureFileSmall=ezga62Pb3PRA6ENC7DzGyA==, figureFileBig=jIO/XDUMoTrxOw1+lGeB4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963107743662938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Experimental results under different sampling rates ((a) EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF), figureFileSmall=yUC0YuKn2WOBNP9ydPseeA==, figureFileBig=ST1mfQ4ClZ0HVVjFtHaQXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109396218715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同采样率下模型指标对比实验结果, figureFileSmall=yUC0YuKn2WOBNP9ydPseeA==, figureFileBig=ST1mfQ4ClZ0HVVjFtHaQXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109471716188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Experimental results under different codecs, figureFileSmall=/Bt/CmRDmLiZwCh1EjwK8Q==, figureFileBig=tbwItnFhqy6/ILXVMK6X+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109543019357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同编码格式下模型指标对比实验结果((a)EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF)
, figureFileSmall=/Bt/CmRDmLiZwCh1EjwK8Q==, figureFileBig=tbwItnFhqy6/ILXVMK6X+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109601739614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Experimental results of model under different amplitude variations ((a) EER;(b) ACC;(c) minDCF), figureFileSmall=QWDNQcsltedNUR3RIdKA0g==, figureFileBig=HWaOKFnKbrE6pjydBYomng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109668848479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
不同幅值下模型指标对比实验结果, figureFileSmall=QWDNQcsltedNUR3RIdKA0g==, figureFileBig=HWaOKFnKbrE6pjydBYomng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963109761123168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Parameters of FPB, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 层 | 参数 |
|---|
| Conv2d | (1,32,3,1,1) |
| Resblock1 | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
| Resblock2 | (32,32,3,1,1) |
| Resblock3 | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
| Resblock4 | (32,32,3,1,1) |
| Conv2d | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963109836620641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963095613735676, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
特征预处理模块参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 层 | 参数 |
|---|
| Conv2d | (1,32,3,1,1) |
| Resblock1 | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
| Resblock2 | (32,32,3,1,1) |
| Resblock3 | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
| Resblock4 | (32,32,3,1,1) |
| Conv2d | (32,32,3,(2,1),1) |
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Parameters of the RegBs, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 层 | 参数 |
|---|
| RegB1 | (512,512,3,2,8) |
| RegB2 | (512,512,3,3,8) |
| RegB3 | (512,512,3,4,8) |
| SE | (512,512) |
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局部特征提取模块参数
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| 层 | 参数 |
|---|
| RegB1 | (512,512,3,2,8) |
| RegB2 | (512,512,3,3,8) |
| RegB3 | (512,512,3,4,8) |
| SE | (512,512) |
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Analysis of ablation experiments, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 网络模型 | EER/% | ACC/% | minDCF |
|---|
| FPB | 9.41 | 86.15 | 0.42 |
| FPB + HolB | 9.37 | 87.02 | 0.39 |
| FPB + HolB + RegBs | 8.36 | 87.93 | 0.38 |
| FPB + HolB + RegBs + FEB | 7.50 | 89.97 | 0.38 |
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消融实验结果
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| 网络模型 | EER/% | ACC/% | minDCF |
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| FPB | 9.41 | 86.15 | 0.42 |
| FPB + HolB | 9.37 | 87.02 | 0.39 |
| FPB + HolB + RegBs | 8.36 | 87.93 | 0.38 |
| FPB + HolB + RegBs + FEB | 7.50 | 89.97 | 0.38 |
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