Article(id=1322963071068676657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11834/jig.250589, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1764864000000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-05, revisedDate=1768924800000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793348575607, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1792080000000, pubDateStr=2026-10-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793348575607, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793348575607, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793348575607, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322962941087195876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, year='2026', volume='31', issue='10', pageStart='3441', pageEnd='3818', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1792080000000', pubDateStr='2026-10-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793348544618, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793348641113, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322963345913021357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322963345913021358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322962941087195876, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3734, endPage=3744, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322963071249031730, articleId=1322963071068676657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=EN, title=Multiobject tracking for drosophila in space science experiments under ground-matching scenarios with DN-MeMOTR, columnId=1249044019595125147, journalTitle=Journal of Image and Graphics, columnName=Image Analysis and Recognition, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective In space life science research,drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) serves as a representative model organism for exploring the effects of microgravity environments on biological behavior,neural activity,and metabolism. Achieving precise and efficient multi-object tracking of drosophila is crucial to understanding their motion patterns and behavioral mechanisms. However,given their small body size,nonlinear motion,and high visual similarity among individuals,especially in dense scenes,existing multi-object tracking (MOT) methods face considerable challenges. To address this,we constructed a drosophila multi-object tracking dataset under ground-based experimental conditions,designed for space station applications. The dataset contains high-density video sequences with complex and dynamic behavior,providing valuable data support for intelligent behavior analysis of drosophila. In terms of methodology,existing MOTR-based approaches achieve end-to-end multi-object tracking but suffer from inherent limitations that lead to suboptimal detection performance. To overcome this issue,this study proposes a novel end-to-end multi-object tracking framework that effectively enhances detection accuracy and tracking robustness.
Method A ground-based simulated space environment dataset for multi-object tracking of drosophila was constructed on the basis of SpaceAnimal,comprising 20 video sequences (a total of 2 500 annotated frames) that capture high-density and high-dynamic motion characteristics. Moreover,we propose DN-MeMOTR,attempting to enhance the performance of detection by reconstructing ground truths with noises. Noised samples are generated from ground truth data by flipping the label and shifting the bounding box. We use label noise and box noise scales to control the scale of noise separately. Noised samples and initial learnable detect queries serve as detect queries and are concatenated with track queries,sequentially updated via self-attention and cross-attention. Furthermore,noised samples are employed solely during training and play no role in the inference stage. During inference,joint-filtering module is implemented to identify and remove targets that exhibit identical or similar characteristics across detect queries and track queries. Specifically,the ReID head outputs ReID features of detect and track queries. First,we filter out detect outputs whose scores are lower than the detection score threshold to obtain high score detection outputs indexes,then calculate the ReID similarity matrix and GIoU distance between detection outputs and track outputs. Two matrixes are linearly combined through a weighted sum. and denote the corresponding weights and find the matched pairs via the Hungarian algorithm. Finally,new tracks are initialized from unmatched detect queries. We can reduce the duplicate tracks and improve tracking performance in this manner. Given the incorporation of noisy samples,we introduce extra loss specifically for noised samples and ReID loss for training ReID head,in addition to the existing losses. Denoising loss comprises simple focal loss,L1 loss,and GIoU loss. The total loss is the weighted sum of focal loss,L1 loss,GIoU loss,denoising loss,and ReID loss.
Result We conduct experiments and analysis on drosophila dataset and compare the results with those of other prevalent MOT methods,such as ByteTrack,OC-SORT,and MeMOTR. MeMOTR demonstrates suboptimal detection performance compared with other detection-based tracking frameworks,which can be attributed to its inherent limitations. Our approach achieves the highest HOTA score of 71.8%,surpassing MeMOTR and Hybrid-SORT by 4.9% and 9.0%,respectively. With respect to the MOTA metric,our DN-MeMOTR obtains 87.6%,representing a substantial improvement of 19.3% over MeMOTR and 2.9% over Hybrid-SORT. We also obtain the highest DetA score of 73.4% and the highest IDF1 score of 84.9%. To enable a more direct comparison between DN-MeMOTR and the original MeMOTR,we conduct inference on video clips. According to the visualization results,MeMOTR tends to miss some targets,whereas DN-MeMOTR demonstrates better performance. The ablation study proves the effectiveness of denoising training and joint-filtering module.
Conclusion We construct a multi-object tracking dataset of drosophila to simulate and support behavior analysis tasks under future space microgravity scenarios by extending the drosophila dataset of SpaceAnimal and propose DN-MeMOTR,which incorporates denoising training and joint-filtering modules. Denoising training aims to improve the network’s detection performance,overcoming the drawback of MOTR-like models. By contrast,ReID features and the joint-filtering module attempt to alleviate mismatching,boosting the performance of the original MeMOTR. Experiments show that our approach achieves superior performance on the drosophila dataset. The ablation study demonstrates the effectiveness of our components. It lays a solid foundation for the in-depth analysis of drosophila motion patterns and behavioral characteristics.
, authors=Rong Yang1
, 2, Silei Liu1
, 2, Han Wang1
, 2, Zhuang Zhou1, Shengyang Li1
, 2
, *, authorsList=Rong Yang, Silei Liu, Han Wang, Zhuang Zhou, Shengyang Li, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shengyang Li, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322963074973573689, articleId=1322963071068676657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=CN, title=面向地面匹配场景的空间科学果蝇实验多目标跟踪方法DN-MeMOTR, columnId=1249044019838394781, journalTitle=中国图象图形学报, columnName=图像分析和识别, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 在空间生命科学实验研究中,果蝇作为典型模式生物,常被用于探索微重力环境对生命体行为、神经和代谢的影响。果蝇体型微小、运动非线性、个体外观高度相似,密集场景下现有多目标跟踪方法易出现检测精度低、关联错误等问题,难以满足空间科学数据分析需求。精确高效地实现多个果蝇的追踪,对理解其运动模式及行为机制具有重要作用与价值。
方法 基于SpaceAnimal数据集,进一步扩充并构建了高密度、高动态运动特征的果蝇跟踪数据集,包含20条视频序列,2 500帧标注图像。提出了DN-MeMOTR(denoising training incorporated in MeMOTR)跟踪框架,通过翻转标签、偏移边界框生成带噪样本,引入去噪训练补充检测监督信号;设计了ReID(re-identification)特征与GIoU(generalized intersection over union) 加权融合的联合过滤模块,结合匈牙利算法优化目标关联,剔除冗余检测结果。
结果 验证结果表明,所提方法在HOTA(higher order tracking accuracy)、MOTA(multi-object tracking accuracy)、DetA(detection accuracy)、IDF1(identification F1 score)等指标表现上优于其他先进对比方法,可视化和消融实验进一步验证了方法的有效性。
结论 构建了业界专属的果蝇实验跟踪数据集,提出了DN-MeMOTR方法,通过去噪训练与联合过滤两个模块,极大地提高了跟踪的精度,为后续微重力环境下果蝇行为分析提供了技术支持。
, authors=杨荣1
, 2, 刘偲礌1
, 2, 王涵1
, 2, 周壮1, 李盛阳1
, 2
, *, authorsList=杨荣, 刘偲礌, 王涵, 周壮, 李盛阳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李盛阳, authorNote=
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杨荣,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为多目标跟踪和行为检测。E-mail: yangrong23@csu.ac.cn
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1 Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China
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1 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京 100094
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刘偲礌,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为多模态大模型。E-mail: liusilei23@csu.ac.cn
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刘偲礌,男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为多模态大模型。E-mail: liusilei23@csu.ac.cn
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1 Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China
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王涵,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为计算机视觉与多模态。E-mail: wanghan221@csu.ac.cn
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王涵,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为计算机视觉与多模态。E-mail: wanghan221@csu.ac.cn
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1 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京 100094, bio={"content":"
周壮,男,助理工程师,主要研究方向为遥感图像分类与目标检测。E-mail: zhouzhuang@csu.ac.cn
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周壮,男,助理工程师,主要研究方向为遥感图像分类与目标检测。E-mail: zhouzhuang@csu.ac.cn
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OpenReview.net, articleTitle=Deformable DETR: deformable transformers for end-to-end object detection, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322963079763468917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, awardId=null, language=EN, fundingSource=Space Application System of China Manned Space Program(KJZ Scientific Data Center)(Y6140711WN);Data Resource Operations for the National Basic Science Data-Sharing Platform(Y7031511WY), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322963079830577783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=中国载人航天工程空间应用系统支持/资助项目(KJZ科学数据中心)(Y6140711WN);国家基础科学数据共享服务平台数据资源运行服务项目(Y7031511WY), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322963075225231930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322963075233620539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, companyId=1322963075225231930, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京 100094)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322963075300729405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322963075309118014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, companyId=1322963075300729405, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 School of Space Exploration,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322963075313312319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, companyId=1322963075300729405, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 中国科学院大学星际航行学院,北京 100049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322963078593258087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Framework of DN-MeMOTR, figureFileSmall=96Valt2OfVa5O8j6AFn0Ew==, figureFileBig=WHQXylcRKek35NjHGx8s+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963078664561256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
DN-MeMOTR网络结构图, figureFileSmall=96Valt2OfVa5O8j6AFn0Ew==, figureFileBig=WHQXylcRKek35NjHGx8s+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963078861693545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Sample images and their annotations from the dataset ((a) example1; (b) annotations of example1; (c) example2; (d) annotations of example2), figureFileSmall=gmXQn5XORWQJUPu+LR8/Bw==, figureFileBig=0+1sPqhHx2qyvXDg3i8oCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963078928802410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
数据集图像及其标注样例, figureFileSmall=gmXQn5XORWQJUPu+LR8/Bw==, figureFileBig=0+1sPqhHx2qyvXDg3i8oCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963078991716971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The inference results of MeMOTR and DN-MeMOTR ((a) MeMOTR; (b) DN-MeMOTR), figureFileSmall=p48UHt8JU/XSuAMhn/SSzQ==, figureFileBig=CV8gcCdUJ3PP1mrqdUV4BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963079058825836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
MeMOTR和DN-MeMOTR的推理结果, figureFileSmall=p48UHt8JU/XSuAMhn/SSzQ==, figureFileBig=CV8gcCdUJ3PP1mrqdUV4BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322963079138517613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Comparison between drosophila dataset and other typical multi-object tracking datasets for animals, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据集 | 视频序列数 | 总帧数 /k | 总边界 框数/k | 总轨迹数 |
|---|
| GMOT-40-Animal | 12 | 2.6 | 63 | 837 |
| TAO-Animal | 39 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 250 |
| 果蝇数据集 | 20 | 2.5 | 27.9 | 224 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963079214015086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
果蝇数据集与典型动物多目标跟踪数据集的对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据集 | 视频序列数 | 总帧数 /k | 总边界 框数/k | 总轨迹数 |
|---|
| GMOT-40-Animal | 12 | 2.6 | 63 | 837 |
| TAO-Animal | 39 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 250 |
| 果蝇数据集 | 20 | 2.5 | 27.9 | 224 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963079293706863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Comparison results of different methods, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方法 | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
|---|
| MOTDT | 42.8 | 56.0 | 33.5 | 62.5 | 46.3 |
| SORT | 54.6 | 58.6 | 51.5 | 71.4 | 64.4 |
| DeepSORT | 52.6 | 56.0 | 50.1 | 67.0 | 64.0 |
| OC-SORT | 62.3 | 68.1 | 57.4 | 83.1 | 73.1 |
| DeepOCSORT | 61.0 | 64.3 | 58.3 | 76.6 | 71.5 |
| Hybrid-SORT | 62.8 | 69.2 | 57.4 | 84.7 | 73.8 |
| BoT-SORT | 59.9 | 61.5 | 58.8 | 74.8 | 72.6 |
| ByteTrack | 58.8 | 58.9 | 59.4 | 73.6 | 75.9 |
| MOTRv2 | 63.4 | 57.7 | 70.1 | 61.9 | 75.4 |
| MeMOTR | 66.9 | 61.4 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 79.3 |
| CO-MOT | 66.4 | 61.3 | 72.3 | 70.5 | 79.6 |
| DN-MeMOTR* | 70.2 | 67.0 | 73.9 | 79.8 | 84.4 |
| DN-MeMOTR | 71.8 | 73.4 | 70.7 | 87.6 | 84.9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963079377592944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
不同方法的对比结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 方法 | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
|---|
| MOTDT | 42.8 | 56.0 | 33.5 | 62.5 | 46.3 |
| SORT | 54.6 | 58.6 | 51.5 | 71.4 | 64.4 |
| DeepSORT | 52.6 | 56.0 | 50.1 | 67.0 | 64.0 |
| OC-SORT | 62.3 | 68.1 | 57.4 | 83.1 | 73.1 |
| DeepOCSORT | 61.0 | 64.3 | 58.3 | 76.6 | 71.5 |
| Hybrid-SORT | 62.8 | 69.2 | 57.4 | 84.7 | 73.8 |
| BoT-SORT | 59.9 | 61.5 | 58.8 | 74.8 | 72.6 |
| ByteTrack | 58.8 | 58.9 | 59.4 | 73.6 | 75.9 |
| MOTRv2 | 63.4 | 57.7 | 70.1 | 61.9 | 75.4 |
| MeMOTR | 66.9 | 61.4 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 79.3 |
| CO-MOT | 66.4 | 61.3 | 72.3 | 70.5 | 79.6 |
| DN-MeMOTR* | 70.2 | 67.0 | 73.9 | 79.8 | 84.4 |
| DN-MeMOTR | 71.8 | 73.4 | 70.7 | 87.6 | 84.9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963079453090417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Ablation studies on denoising training and joint-filtering module /%, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 去噪 | JFM | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
|---|
| × | × | 66.9 | 61.4 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 79.3 |
| √ | × | 69.5 | 71.5 | 67.9 | 84.8 | 81.5 |
| × | √ | 71.4 | 72.0 | 71.3 | 85.0 | 84.6 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322963079536976498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322963071068676657, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
去噪训练和联合过滤模块的消融实验
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 去噪 | JFM | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
|---|
| × | × | 66.9 | 61.4 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 79.3 |
| √ | × | 69.5 | 71.5 | 67.9 | 84.8 | 81.5 |
| × | √ | 71.4 | 72.0 | 71.3 | 85.0 | 84.6 |
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| | | 去噪 | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
|---|
| 0 | 1 | √ | 71.5 | 74.1 | 69.4 | 88.2 | 83.7 |
| 0.3 | 0.7 | √ | 71.9 | 73.9 | 70.4 | 88.2 | 84.6 |
| 0.5 | 0.5 | √ | 71.8 | 73.4 | 70.7 | 87.6 | 84.9 |
| 0.7 | 0.3 | √ | 70.5 | 69.0 | 72.4 | 82.4 | 84.8 |
| 1 | 0 | √ | 70.2 | 67.0 | 73.9 | 79.8 | 84.4 |
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成本矩阵的不同权重的消融实验
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| | | 去噪 | HOTA | DetA | AssA | MOTA | IDF1 |
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| 0 | 1 | √ | 71.5 | 74.1 | 69.4 | 88.2 | 83.7 |
| 0.3 | 0.7 | √ | 71.9 | 73.9 | 70.4 | 88.2 | 84.6 |
| 0.5 | 0.5 | √ | 71.8 | 73.4 | 70.7 | 87.6 | 84.9 |
| 0.7 | 0.3 | √ | 70.5 | 69.0 | 72.4 | 82.4 | 84.8 |
| 1 | 0 | √ | 70.2 | 67.0 | 73.9 | 79.8 | 84.4 |
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