Article(id=1322949825729274819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322949743743213946, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11834/jig.260125, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1772985600000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-09, revisedDate=1775232000000, revisedDateStr=2026-04-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793345417672, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1784131200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793345417672, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793345417672, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793345417672, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322949743743213946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, year='2026', volume='31', issue='7', pageStart='2279', pageEnd='2686', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784131200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793345398125, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793348592997, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322963144217330568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322949743743213946, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322963144217330569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, issueId=1322949743743213946, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2408, endPage=2433, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322949826035459012, articleId=1322949825729274819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=EN, title=Prior-driven multi-view clustering: a perspective from geometry and semantics to LMM cognition, columnId=1249044010699002654, journalTitle=Journal of Image and Graphics, columnName=Review, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
With the rapid emergence of large multimodal models (LMMs),massive heterogeneous data are proliferating across various industrial and scientific domains. In this context,multi-view clustering (MVC) serves as a cornerstone technology for unsupervised knowledge discovery and latent correlation mining. At present,MVC is undergoing a profound and historical paradigm shift. Traditional surveys predominantly focus on the horizontal categorization of algorithmic network structures. However,this approach often fails to reveal the intrinsic evolutionary logic across different technological eras. Departing from these conventions,this study proposes a pioneering,prior-driven theoretical perspective to reconstruct systematically the developmental trajectory of MVC over the past two decades. This goal is achieved through a trans-paradigm analytical framework of geometry-semantics-cognition. During the initial stage of shallow structural mining,the research paradigm focused on explicit mathematical constraints within original or kernel-induced feature spaces. Euclidean space methods,such as multi-view K-Means and nonnegative matrix factorization,identify global prototypes by minimizing squared error or Frobenius norm reconstruction loss. By contrast,affine space methods leverage self-representation properties to model data as a union of low-dimensional subspaces,while manifold space techniques utilize spectral graph theory to transform clustering into optimal graph cut problems by preserving local topological correlations. As the field transitioned into deep spatial modeling based on semantic collaborative priors,researchers utilized the powerful nonlinear mapping capabilities of deep neural networks to project heterogeneous data into high-order semantic spaces. This evolution encompasses several distinct research paradigms. 1) Embedding space research focuses on deep subspace clustering,employing autoencoders to learn discriminative features while maintaining cross-view consistency. 2) Latent space methods utilize probabilistic generative models,such as variational autoencoders and generative adversarial networks,to align latent distributions and infer missing view information through adversarial games. 3) Augmented space paradigms introduce contrastive learning to maximize mutual information between views via InfoNCE-like losses,enhancing representation robustness. 4) Topological space studies leverage graph neural networks to mine intra-view geometric structures and inter-view complementary semantics synergistically. Moving into the current era of LMMs,this study progressively explores deep alignment based on cognitive priors,where LMMs are viewed not merely as data sources but as knowledge bases that contain human-level common sense and logical reasoning capability. We systematically elucidate the infrastructural role of MVC in empowering massive data governance. Specifically,MVC facilitates semantic deduplication to enhance data quality and employs token-level clustering to optimize mixture-of-experts(MoE) routing for expert specialization. Furthermore,MVC enables hierarchical semantic chunking,which is critical for precise document retrieval within retrieval-augmented generation(RAG) frameworks. Beyond these applications,we analyze the potential for LMM logical reasoning to back-propagate into clustering tasks. This synergy elevates MVC from pure statistical feature alignment to a new dimension of knowledge-driven cognitive logic consistency. Beyond theoretical frameworks,the review highlights the transformative effect of MVC in diverse real-world scenarios,ranging from multi-omics fusion in smart healthcare for cancer subtyping and spatial-spectral fusion in remote sensing for urban functional zone identification to cross-perspective pedestrian recognition in public security and unsupervised anomaly detection in industrial internet of things networks. Despite these advancements,achieving a transition from laboratory benchmarks to robust industrial infrastructure requires addressing several core challenges. First,the scaling bottleneck where in the O(N2) or O(N3) computational complexity of traditional methods must be reduced to linear levels to handle million-scale web data. Second,the extreme robustness required in open environments to handle not only severely incomplete views but also the pervasive long-tailed category imbalance where minority abnormal samples are frequently overwhelmed by dominant patterns. Third,the urgent need for evaluation system reconstruction to move away from legacy small-scale datasets with shallow features toward native heterogeneous multimodal benchmarks that reflect real-world weak alignment and complex noise distributions. Ultimately,this survey aims to provide a novel research road map for theoretical innovation and engineering practice,advocating for a transition toward intelligent decision systems characterized by high-level semantic decoupling and cognitive logic alignment in the era of LMMs.
, authors=Xuqian Xue1, Jie Wen2, Xinwang Liu3, Junping Zhang1
, *, authorsList=Xuqian Xue, Jie Wen, Xinwang Liu, Junping Zhang, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Junping Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322949840535167953, articleId=1322949825729274819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, language=CN, title=先验驱动的多视图聚类:从几何与语义空间到多模态大模型认知前瞻, columnId=1249044010992603937, journalTitle=中国图象图形学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
随着多模态大模型与海量异构数据的涌现,多视图聚类(multi-view clustering,MVC)作为无监督知识发现与数据底层关联挖掘的核心技术,其研究范式正经历深刻变革。现有综述多局限于底层算法网络结构的横向归纳,难以揭示该领域在不同技术时代的内在发展逻辑。为此,本文打破传统分类框架,首创性地提出先验驱动的理论视角,对多视图聚类20年来的发展脉络进行了系统性重构。首先,梳理了基于几何先验的浅层结构挖掘,分析了欧氏原型、仿射子空间与流形邻域中的显式数学约束机理;其次,归纳了基于语义协同先验的深层空间建模,揭示了模型如何在嵌入、隐空间、增强及拓扑空间中捕获非线性的跨视图一致性;最后,前瞻性地探讨了基于多模态大模型认知先验的深度对齐,阐述了聚类技术赋能海量数据治理、混合专家(mixture-of-experts,MoE)路由及检索增强生成(retrieval-augmented generation,RAG)的基础设施作用,并分析了多模态大模型逻辑推理反哺聚类任务的潜在机遇。本文通过构建几何—语义—认知的跨范式分析框架,深刻揭示了多视图聚类由底层数据驱动向高阶知识驱动转型的内在逻辑。在此基础上,分析了类别分布长尾失衡、视图严重缺失及评估体系滞后等开放环境下的核心挑战,并探讨了相应的解决思路,旨在为多视图聚类在多模态大模型时代的理论创新与工程实践提供新的研究路线。
, authors=薛旭倩1, 文杰2, 刘新旺3, 张军平1
, *, authorsList=薛旭倩, 文杰, 刘新旺, 张军平, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张军平, authorNote=
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1 College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322949842888172511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, authorId=1322949842737177564, language=CN, stringName=薛旭倩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=
1 复旦大学计算与智能创新学院,上海 200433, bio={"content":"
薛旭倩,女,博士研究生,主要研究方向为多视图聚类、深度学习和多模态学习。E-mail: xqxue22@m.fudan.edu.cn
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薛旭倩,女,博士研究生,主要研究方向为多视图聚类、深度学习和多模态学习。E-mail: xqxue22@m.fudan.edu.cn
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1 复旦大学计算与智能创新学院,上海 200433)])]), Author(id=1322949842967864289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jiewen_pr@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322949843043361763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, authorId=1322949842967864289, language=EN, stringName=Jie Wen, firstName=Jie, middleName=null, lastName=Wen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=
2 College of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322949843114664932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, authorId=1322949842967864289, language=CN, stringName=文杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=
2 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)计算机科学与技术学院,深圳 518055, bio={"content":"
文杰,男,教授,主要研究方向为模式识别、多模态学习、机器学习和异常检测。E-mail:jiewen_pr@126.com
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文杰,男,教授,主要研究方向为模式识别、多模态学习、机器学习和异常检测。E-mail:jiewen_pr@126.com
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2 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)计算机科学与技术学院,深圳 518055)])]), Author(id=1322949843177579494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xinwangliu@nudt.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322949843244688360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, authorId=1322949843177579494, language=EN, stringName=Xinwang Liu, firstName=Xinwang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=
3 College of Computer Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410000,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322949843324380137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, authorId=1322949843177579494, language=CN, stringName=刘新旺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=
3 国防科技大学计算机学院,长沙 410000, bio={"content":"
刘新旺,男,教授,主要研究方向为计算机视觉、图像处理、数据挖掘和模式识别。E-mail:xinwangliu@nudt.edu.cn
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刘新旺,男,教授,主要研究方向为计算机视觉、图像处理、数据挖掘和模式识别。E-mail:xinwangliu@nudt.edu.cn
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1 复旦大学计算与智能创新学院,上海 200433, bio={"content":"
张军平,通信作者,男,教授,主要研究方向为机器学习、图像处理、生物识别认证和智能交通系统。E-mail:jpzhang@fudan.edu.cn
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张军平,通信作者,男,教授,主要研究方向为机器学习、图像处理、生物识别认证和智能交通系统。E-mail:jpzhang@fudan.edu.cn
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1 复旦大学计算与智能创新学院,上海 200433)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322949843622175727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=multi-view clustering (MVC)), Keyword(id=1322949843680895984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=prior-driven learning), Keyword(id=1322949843748004849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=large multimodal models (LMMs)), Keyword(id=1322949843819308018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=geometric structure), Keyword(id=1322949843928359923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=semantic collaboration), Keyword(id=1322949843999663092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=cognitive alignment), Keyword(id=1322949844070966261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, orderNo=7, keyword=review), Keyword(id=1322949844133880822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=多视图聚类(MVC)), Keyword(id=1322949844213572599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=先验驱动学习), Keyword(id=1322949844272292856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=多模态大模型(LMMs)), Keyword(id=1322949844347790329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=几何结构), Keyword(id=1322949844448453626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=语义协同), Keyword(id=1322949844502979579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=认知对齐), Keyword(id=1322949844574282748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, orderNo=7, keyword=综述)], refs=[Reference(id=1322949848336572432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018a, volume=39, issue=null, pageStart=168, pageEnd=177, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=0, authorNames=Abavisani M, Patel V M, journalName=Information Fusion, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
Abavisani M and
Patel V M.
2018a. Multimodal sparse and low-rank subspace clustering.
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1 复旦大学计算与智能创新学院,上海 200433)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322949842527462357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322949842535850966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, companyId=1322949842527462357, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)计算机科学与技术学院,深圳 518055)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322949842644902872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322949842653291481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, companyId=1322949842644902872, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 College of Computer Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322949842661680090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, companyId=1322949842644902872, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 国防科技大学计算机学院,长沙 410000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322949844716889085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Research framework of multi-view clustering, figureFileSmall=MhYKeOWz2YPUIZ20+U3GtA==, figureFileBig=UQDLkq72HS+R8A9hyvDDYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949844796580862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
多视图聚类研究框架, figureFileSmall=MhYKeOWz2YPUIZ20+U3GtA==, figureFileBig=UQDLkq72HS+R8A9hyvDDYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949844960158719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Evolution of development paradigms in multi-view clustering, figureFileSmall=y0Zyp9h9B4tlQr9MzLqEQA==, figureFileBig=HuYl+Po2iLxAyJGzboSHBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949846600131584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
多视图聚类发展范式趋势, figureFileSmall=y0Zyp9h9B4tlQr9MzLqEQA==, figureFileBig=HuYl+Po2iLxAyJGzboSHBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949846684016640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Schematic: traditional geometric priors, figureFileSmall=VyzuyKRLMBlC+97MLfX7Hw==, figureFileBig=EqQMDXJb/jPxNABHeNzM+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949846952452097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
传统几何结构先验示意图((a)Euclidean space: centroid and proto-clusterings;
(b) affine space: linear and subspace clusterings;
(c) manifold space: topology and graph learning)
, figureFileSmall=VyzuyKRLMBlC+97MLfX7Hw==, figureFileBig=EqQMDXJb/jPxNABHeNzM+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949847023755266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Schematic: semantic collaborative priors ((a) embedding space: self-expression and deep subspace clustering;, figureFileSmall=uaTomLBsyheZhcqDuOKB9g==, figureFileBig=kAOwbQaGHq37CzYxFuee3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949847090864131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
语义协同先验示意图(b) latent space: distribution alignment and deep generative clustering;(c) augmented space: MI maximization and deep
contrastive clustering;(d) topological space: graph structure and deep graph clustering)
, figureFileSmall=uaTomLBsyheZhcqDuOKB9g==, figureFileBig=kAOwbQaGHq37CzYxFuee3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949847153778692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Applications of multi-view clustering, figureFileSmall=XE13vxQZv0Yinea9cURzQQ==, figureFileBig=b8/X4QiMFEsVT++eGeiSfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949847367688197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
多视图聚类的应用, figureFileSmall=XE13vxQZv0Yinea9cURzQQ==, figureFileBig=b8/X4QiMFEsVT++eGeiSfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322949847422214150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Overview of core paradigms and representative algorithms in multi-view clustering, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 核心范式 | 空间与 子分类 | 代表算法 | 核心机制与贡献 |
|---|
传统几何先验 (数据驱动/浅层特征挖掘) | 欧氏空间 | MVKM (Bickel和Scheffer,2004) | 早期多视图一致性交互的先驱工作,通过一个视图约束另一视图。 |
| RMKM (Cai等,2013) | 利用共识指示矩阵集成,提升传统平方欧氏距离对异常值的鲁棒性。 |
| SimpleMKKM(Liu等,2023) | 将优化重构为min-max范式,解决启发式交替迭代易陷入局部最优风险。 |
| COKE (Liang等,2025) | 构建核心核实现对核权重的近似,复杂度降低,适用于超大规模数据。 |
| JointNMF (Liu等,2013) | 共享共识系数矩阵,异构视图间共有原型结构有效解耦。 |
| TMMVC(Zhang等,2026) | 张量化多维建模,突破传统矩阵表达局限,捕捉高阶关联。 |
| MFCG (Yang等,2024b) | 实现高维度、海量样本下跨视图潜在结构一致性挖掘。 |
| MT-GMM(Jiang等,2024) | 将GMM引入迁移聚类框架,传递概率原型参数,优化多视图迁移任务。 |
| 仿射空间 | MVSC (Gao等,2015) | 引入公共聚类结构约束,是传统多视图子空间聚类基线模型。 |
| LT-MSC (Zhang等,2015) | 将自表示矩阵对齐拓展至高阶张量空间。 |
| LMVSC/SMVSC (Kang等, 2020; Sun等, 2021) | 引入统一锚点机制,突破全样本计算瓶颈,时间复杂度降至线性。 |
| CLR (Nie等,2016a) | 从数据中直接诱导具有明确连通分量的理想拓扑。 |
| 流形空间 | GML (Zhan等,2018) | 实现图拓扑与聚类结构的同步协同优化。 |
| GMC (Wang等,2020) | 联合优化了各视图的图学习与全局共识图的构建,并施加拉普拉斯秩约束,实现了无需 K-Means 即可直接输出聚类结果的端到端学习。 |
| UOMvSC(Tang等,2023) | 集成图学习、谱嵌入与标签预测于统一闭环,避免谱表征向离散解转化的精度下降(一步法)。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847489323015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
多视图聚类核心范式与代表性算法总览
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 核心范式 | 空间与 子分类 | 代表算法 | 核心机制与贡献 |
|---|
传统几何先验 (数据驱动/浅层特征挖掘) | 欧氏空间 | MVKM (Bickel和Scheffer,2004) | 早期多视图一致性交互的先驱工作,通过一个视图约束另一视图。 |
| RMKM (Cai等,2013) | 利用共识指示矩阵集成,提升传统平方欧氏距离对异常值的鲁棒性。 |
| SimpleMKKM(Liu等,2023) | 将优化重构为min-max范式,解决启发式交替迭代易陷入局部最优风险。 |
| COKE (Liang等,2025) | 构建核心核实现对核权重的近似,复杂度降低,适用于超大规模数据。 |
| JointNMF (Liu等,2013) | 共享共识系数矩阵,异构视图间共有原型结构有效解耦。 |
| TMMVC(Zhang等,2026) | 张量化多维建模,突破传统矩阵表达局限,捕捉高阶关联。 |
| MFCG (Yang等,2024b) | 实现高维度、海量样本下跨视图潜在结构一致性挖掘。 |
| MT-GMM(Jiang等,2024) | 将GMM引入迁移聚类框架,传递概率原型参数,优化多视图迁移任务。 |
| 仿射空间 | MVSC (Gao等,2015) | 引入公共聚类结构约束,是传统多视图子空间聚类基线模型。 |
| LT-MSC (Zhang等,2015) | 将自表示矩阵对齐拓展至高阶张量空间。 |
| LMVSC/SMVSC (Kang等, 2020; Sun等, 2021) | 引入统一锚点机制,突破全样本计算瓶颈,时间复杂度降至线性。 |
| CLR (Nie等,2016a) | 从数据中直接诱导具有明确连通分量的理想拓扑。 |
| 流形空间 | GML (Zhan等,2018) | 实现图拓扑与聚类结构的同步协同优化。 |
| GMC (Wang等,2020) | 联合优化了各视图的图学习与全局共识图的构建,并施加拉普拉斯秩约束,实现了无需 K-Means 即可直接输出聚类结果的端到端学习。 |
| UOMvSC(Tang等,2023) | 集成图学习、谱嵌入与标签预测于统一闭环,避免谱表征向离散解转化的精度下降(一步法)。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847594180616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Overview of core paradigms and representative algorithms in multi-view clustering(continued), figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 核心范式 | 空间与 子分类 | 代表算法 | 核心机制与贡献 |
|---|
深度语义协同先验 (非线性映射/高阶语义解耦) | 嵌入空间 | gLMSC (Zhang等,2020) | 将所有视图映射至统一的潜在空间构建共享自表达约束,有效挖掘并强化了视图间的深层一致性关联。 |
| DMCAG (Cui等,2023) | 在嵌入空间构建轻量级锚点图,结合自监督与对比学习,解决深度子空间特征系数矩阵平方级计算瓶颈。 |
| TALMSC (Lin等,2025) | 利用Transformer自注意力机制捕获全局上下文,大幅提升低秩多视图子空间聚类的表示能力。 |
| MVAE (Wu和Goodman,2018) | 引入专家乘积(PoE)机制推断联合潜分布,为多模态生成式隐空间的一致性建模提供概率框架。 |
| 隐空间 | ClusterGAN (Mukherjee等,2019) | 利用反向映射网络将数据投影回离散—连续混合的潜在流形中。探索GAN隐空间的结构化聚类,为分布对齐提供新思路。 |
| AIMC (Xu等,2019) | 借助循环对抗训练,动态预测补全隐空间缺失表示,应对极端开放环境下不完整视图(IMVC)难题。 |
| CauMVC (Yang等, 2025) | 结合因果学习,利用后门调整推断因果不变隐变量,克服跨视图样本非严格对齐带来的分布偏移。 |
| CMC (Tian等,2020) | 将同一样本不同视图视为正样本对,利用InfoNCE最大化一致性。 |
| 增强空间 | CC (Li等,2021) | 提出实例与簇分配的行列双重对比机制,突破传统实例对齐忽视全局簇语义分布的局限。 |
| COMPLETER (Lin等,2021a) | 双向预测一致性学习与类别因子挖掘,无需显式重构原始数据即可实现缺失特征逻辑补全。 |
| MFLVC (Xu等,2022) | 捕捉跨层级的语义关联以进行多层级特征对比学习,显著增强了多视图特征表征的鲁棒性。 |
| GCFAggMVC (Yan等,2023) | 通过全局与跨视图特征聚合构建样本对比对,提升了样本对比对的全局辨识度与聚类精度。 |
| SEM (Xu等,2023a) | 引入自加权策略,有效缓解了多视图对比学习中存在的表示退化问题。 |
| PROTOCOL (Xue等,2025) | 引入部分最优传输以优化对比损失,有效解决不平衡场景下的对比偏移。 |
| 拓扑空间 | SDCN (Bo等,2020) | 通过传递算子将自编码器深层表征无缝融入图卷积网络,开启了属性特征与拓扑结构融合的深度图聚类新范式。 |
| OneZMulti (Fan等,2020) | 利用图自编码器,从信息源视图重构多视图拓扑结构,实现了跨视图一致性嵌入的有效提取与重构。 |
| MAGCN (Cheng等,2020) | 设计双通路属性图卷积编码器以显式对齐几何特征,更协同地处理了节点属性与网络拓扑的融合。 |
| DFCN (Tu等,2021) | 引入结构与属性融合模块,利用互信息最大化整合特征,有效缓解了深度GNN中的过平滑问题。 |
| MAGC (Lin等,2021b) | 利用高阶图卷积算子捕捉视图间的高阶拓扑一致性。显著提升了模型对复杂多流形拓扑结构的刻画能力。 |
大模型认知先验 (知识增强/常识逻辑对齐) | 认知空间 (底层基础设施) | SemDeDup (Abbas等,2023) | 利用K-Means构建语义桶进行簇内去重,实现海量数据的冗余清洗。 |
| DeepSeekMoE (Dai等,2024) | 通过隐式的token聚类机制实现专家特化解耦,驱动模型动态路由机制,为专家网络分配对应语义。 |
| 认知空间 (逻辑推理反哺) | ClusterLLM (Zhang等,2023) | 将LLM的强推理能力作为决策代理,引入人类常识判断,将聚类从纯统计相似度对比升维至语义逻辑引导。 |
| LLM-DAMVC (Xu和Wang,2025) | 利用LLM动态代理机制辅助多视图特征进行认知对齐。在极度复杂或异构的跨模态场景下实现高阶语义解耦。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847715815433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 核心范式 | 空间与 子分类 | 代表算法 | 核心机制与贡献 |
|---|
深度语义协同先验 (非线性映射/高阶语义解耦) | 嵌入空间 | gLMSC (Zhang等,2020) | 将所有视图映射至统一的潜在空间构建共享自表达约束,有效挖掘并强化了视图间的深层一致性关联。 |
| DMCAG (Cui等,2023) | 在嵌入空间构建轻量级锚点图,结合自监督与对比学习,解决深度子空间特征系数矩阵平方级计算瓶颈。 |
| TALMSC (Lin等,2025) | 利用Transformer自注意力机制捕获全局上下文,大幅提升低秩多视图子空间聚类的表示能力。 |
| MVAE (Wu和Goodman,2018) | 引入专家乘积(PoE)机制推断联合潜分布,为多模态生成式隐空间的一致性建模提供概率框架。 |
| 隐空间 | ClusterGAN (Mukherjee等,2019) | 利用反向映射网络将数据投影回离散—连续混合的潜在流形中。探索GAN隐空间的结构化聚类,为分布对齐提供新思路。 |
| AIMC (Xu等,2019) | 借助循环对抗训练,动态预测补全隐空间缺失表示,应对极端开放环境下不完整视图(IMVC)难题。 |
| CauMVC (Yang等, 2025) | 结合因果学习,利用后门调整推断因果不变隐变量,克服跨视图样本非严格对齐带来的分布偏移。 |
| CMC (Tian等,2020) | 将同一样本不同视图视为正样本对,利用InfoNCE最大化一致性。 |
| 增强空间 | CC (Li等,2021) | 提出实例与簇分配的行列双重对比机制,突破传统实例对齐忽视全局簇语义分布的局限。 |
| COMPLETER (Lin等,2021a) | 双向预测一致性学习与类别因子挖掘,无需显式重构原始数据即可实现缺失特征逻辑补全。 |
| MFLVC (Xu等,2022) | 捕捉跨层级的语义关联以进行多层级特征对比学习,显著增强了多视图特征表征的鲁棒性。 |
| GCFAggMVC (Yan等,2023) | 通过全局与跨视图特征聚合构建样本对比对,提升了样本对比对的全局辨识度与聚类精度。 |
| SEM (Xu等,2023a) | 引入自加权策略,有效缓解了多视图对比学习中存在的表示退化问题。 |
| PROTOCOL (Xue等,2025) | 引入部分最优传输以优化对比损失,有效解决不平衡场景下的对比偏移。 |
| 拓扑空间 | SDCN (Bo等,2020) | 通过传递算子将自编码器深层表征无缝融入图卷积网络,开启了属性特征与拓扑结构融合的深度图聚类新范式。 |
| OneZMulti (Fan等,2020) | 利用图自编码器,从信息源视图重构多视图拓扑结构,实现了跨视图一致性嵌入的有效提取与重构。 |
| MAGCN (Cheng等,2020) | 设计双通路属性图卷积编码器以显式对齐几何特征,更协同地处理了节点属性与网络拓扑的融合。 |
| DFCN (Tu等,2021) | 引入结构与属性融合模块,利用互信息最大化整合特征,有效缓解了深度GNN中的过平滑问题。 |
| MAGC (Lin等,2021b) | 利用高阶图卷积算子捕捉视图间的高阶拓扑一致性。显著提升了模型对复杂多流形拓扑结构的刻画能力。 |
大模型认知先验 (知识增强/常识逻辑对齐) | 认知空间 (底层基础设施) | SemDeDup (Abbas等,2023) | 利用K-Means构建语义桶进行簇内去重,实现海量数据的冗余清洗。 |
| DeepSeekMoE (Dai等,2024) | 通过隐式的token聚类机制实现专家特化解耦,驱动模型动态路由机制,为专家网络分配对应语义。 |
| 认知空间 (逻辑推理反哺) | ClusterLLM (Zhang等,2023) | 将LLM的强推理能力作为决策代理,引入人类常识判断,将聚类从纯统计相似度对比升维至语义逻辑引导。 |
| LLM-DAMVC (Xu和Wang,2025) | 利用LLM动态代理机制辅助多视图特征进行认知对齐。在极度复杂或异构的跨模态场景下实现高阶语义解耦。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847812284426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Summary of current datasets commonly used in the multi-view clustering field, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据集名称 | 样本数量 | 类别数 | 视图数 | 视图构成描述 (多视图来源) |
|---|
| 图像多特征提取 | 100Leaves (Van和Abbott,2003) | 1 600 | 100 | 3 | 植物叶片的形状、纹理和边缘特征 |
| AR Face (Martínez和Benavente,1998) | 数千 | 100+ | 3+ | 复杂遮挡人脸,像素、LBP、Gabor等视图 |
| Caltech101-20 (Li等,2004) | 2 386 | 20 | 6 | HOG, GIST, LBP, SIFT等不同特征 |
| COIL-20 (Nene等,1996) | 1 440 | 20 | 3+ | 同一物体 360° 不同旋转角度的视角 |
| CUB-200 (Wah等,2011) | 11 788 | 200 | 2+ | 鸟类细粒度图像,CNN 特征与局部部位特征 |
| Flowers (Nilsback和Zisserman,2008) | 8 189 | 102 | 2+ | 花卉图像,常提取颜色、形状及深度 CNN 特征 |
| Hdigit (Cai等,2011) | 10 000 | 10 | 2 | 手写数字的两种不同几何与纹理特征描述 |
| UCI (van Breukelen等,1998) | 2 000 | 10 | 6 | 手写数字的 6 种特征 |
| MSRC-v1 (Cai等,2011) | 210 | 7 | 5 | 颜色矩、纹理、HOG等5种特征作为 5个视图 |
| ORL / YALE / PIE Face (Georghiades等,2001) | 几百~数千 | 10~68 | 3~5 | 经典人脸数据集,由不同光照、姿态或表情构成 |
| Scene15 (Lazebnik等, 2006) | 4 485 | 15 | 3 | 空间包络、PHOG、LBP 特征组合 |
| YouTubeFace (Wolf等,2011) | 3 425 | 40 | 4+ | 视频帧提取的人脸多视图 |
| 图像深度增强与跨域视图 | CIFAR-10/100 (Krizhevsky,2009) | 5万~6万 | 10 / 100 | 2 | 对原始图像随机裁剪、颜色抖动等生成增强视图 |
| Fashion/Fashion-MNIST (Xiao等,2017) | 70 000 | 10 | 2 | 衣服/鞋包图像 |
| MNIST-USPS (Lecun等,1998) | 5 000 | 10 | 2 | 跨域多视图:MNIST与 USPS |
| Noisy MNIST (Wang等,2015) | 70 000 | 10 | 2 | 原始图像及注入高斯噪声 |
| 文本多重语义表示 | 3Sources (Greene和Cunningham,2009) | 169 | 6 | 3 | BBC、Reuters、Guardian 3个新闻源的报道 |
| BBC/BBCSport (Greene和Cunningham,2006) | 2 225 / 737 | 5 | 2~4 | 将新闻文本划分为不同特征 |
| NGs (Lang,1995) | 18 846 | 20 | 3 | TF-IDF、LDA、Word2Vec词向量3个视图 |
| Reuters-1200 (Amini等,2009) | 1 200 | 6 | 5 | 提取自路透社多语言文档的 5 种不同语言翻译 |
| WebKB (Blum和Mitchell,1998) | 1 051 | 2 | 2 | 网页文本、网页指向的超链接锚文本 |
| 图结构与属性网络 | ACM / DBLP / IMDB (Wang等,2019) | 数千 | 3~4 | 2 | 节点属性特征和学术/电影异质图拓扑结构连接 |
| Amazon Photos (Shchur等,2018) | 7 650 | 8 | 2 | 商品的用户评论和被共同购买的拓扑图连接结构 |
| Cora / Citeseer / PubMed (Sen等,2008) | 2 708~1.9万 | 3~7 | 2 | 节点的属性特征和论文之间的引用拓扑图结构 |
| 生物信息与基因数据 | BDGP (Cai等,2012) | 少量/特定 | 生物 基因 | 2 | 果蝇胚胎的视觉图像特征与基因表达特征 |
| Prokaryotic (Brbić等,2016) | 551 | 4 | 3 | 原核生物的文本数据与基因组学特征多视图 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847904559115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
当前多视图聚类领域常用数据集汇总
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据集名称 | 样本数量 | 类别数 | 视图数 | 视图构成描述 (多视图来源) |
|---|
| 图像多特征提取 | 100Leaves (Van和Abbott,2003) | 1 600 | 100 | 3 | 植物叶片的形状、纹理和边缘特征 |
| AR Face (Martínez和Benavente,1998) | 数千 | 100+ | 3+ | 复杂遮挡人脸,像素、LBP、Gabor等视图 |
| Caltech101-20 (Li等,2004) | 2 386 | 20 | 6 | HOG, GIST, LBP, SIFT等不同特征 |
| COIL-20 (Nene等,1996) | 1 440 | 20 | 3+ | 同一物体 360° 不同旋转角度的视角 |
| CUB-200 (Wah等,2011) | 11 788 | 200 | 2+ | 鸟类细粒度图像,CNN 特征与局部部位特征 |
| Flowers (Nilsback和Zisserman,2008) | 8 189 | 102 | 2+ | 花卉图像,常提取颜色、形状及深度 CNN 特征 |
| Hdigit (Cai等,2011) | 10 000 | 10 | 2 | 手写数字的两种不同几何与纹理特征描述 |
| UCI (van Breukelen等,1998) | 2 000 | 10 | 6 | 手写数字的 6 种特征 |
| MSRC-v1 (Cai等,2011) | 210 | 7 | 5 | 颜色矩、纹理、HOG等5种特征作为 5个视图 |
| ORL / YALE / PIE Face (Georghiades等,2001) | 几百~数千 | 10~68 | 3~5 | 经典人脸数据集,由不同光照、姿态或表情构成 |
| Scene15 (Lazebnik等, 2006) | 4 485 | 15 | 3 | 空间包络、PHOG、LBP 特征组合 |
| YouTubeFace (Wolf等,2011) | 3 425 | 40 | 4+ | 视频帧提取的人脸多视图 |
| 图像深度增强与跨域视图 | CIFAR-10/100 (Krizhevsky,2009) | 5万~6万 | 10 / 100 | 2 | 对原始图像随机裁剪、颜色抖动等生成增强视图 |
| Fashion/Fashion-MNIST (Xiao等,2017) | 70 000 | 10 | 2 | 衣服/鞋包图像 |
| MNIST-USPS (Lecun等,1998) | 5 000 | 10 | 2 | 跨域多视图:MNIST与 USPS |
| Noisy MNIST (Wang等,2015) | 70 000 | 10 | 2 | 原始图像及注入高斯噪声 |
| 文本多重语义表示 | 3Sources (Greene和Cunningham,2009) | 169 | 6 | 3 | BBC、Reuters、Guardian 3个新闻源的报道 |
| BBC/BBCSport (Greene和Cunningham,2006) | 2 225 / 737 | 5 | 2~4 | 将新闻文本划分为不同特征 |
| NGs (Lang,1995) | 18 846 | 20 | 3 | TF-IDF、LDA、Word2Vec词向量3个视图 |
| Reuters-1200 (Amini等,2009) | 1 200 | 6 | 5 | 提取自路透社多语言文档的 5 种不同语言翻译 |
| WebKB (Blum和Mitchell,1998) | 1 051 | 2 | 2 | 网页文本、网页指向的超链接锚文本 |
| 图结构与属性网络 | ACM / DBLP / IMDB (Wang等,2019) | 数千 | 3~4 | 2 | 节点属性特征和学术/电影异质图拓扑结构连接 |
| Amazon Photos (Shchur等,2018) | 7 650 | 8 | 2 | 商品的用户评论和被共同购买的拓扑图连接结构 |
| Cora / Citeseer / PubMed (Sen等,2008) | 2 708~1.9万 | 3~7 | 2 | 节点的属性特征和论文之间的引用拓扑图结构 |
| 生物信息与基因数据 | BDGP (Cai等,2012) | 少量/特定 | 生物 基因 | 2 | 果蝇胚胎的视觉图像特征与基因表达特征 |
| Prokaryotic (Brbić等,2016) | 551 | 4 | 3 | 原核生物的文本数据与基因组学特征多视图 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949847988445196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Native heterogeneous multimodal datasets, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 数据集名称 | 样本数量 | 类别数 | 模态1 | 模态2 | 在MVC领域的拓展潜力与挑战 |
|---|
| 图文跨模态对齐 | AwA (Animals) (Lampert等,2009) | 30 475 | 50 | RGB图像特征 | 85 维人工语义属性 | 探索视觉特征与连续/离散语义属性特征之间的异构对齐聚类 |
| IAPR TC-12 (Escalante等,2010) | 20 000 | 255 | 旅游生活图像 | 多语言(英/德)描述 | 适合测试超大规模跨语言图文聚类 |
| MirFlickr-25K (Huiskes和Lew,2008) | 25 000 | 24 | 社交媒体图像 | 用户标注的短文本 | 大规模图文匹配,文本模态极度稀疏且充满社交网络主观噪声 |
| MS-COCO (Lin等,2014) | 超30万 | 80 | 复杂场景图像 | 人工高质量长文本描述 | 样本量极其庞大 |
| NUS-WIDE (Chua等,2009) | 269 648 | 81 | Web图像 | Flickr 用户关联标签 | 标签存在大量缺失 |
| Pascal Sentences (Farhadi等,2010) | 1 000 | 20 | 自然场景图像 | 50 句自然语言描述 | 经典图文跨模态基准 |
| Wikipedia (Wiki) (Rasiwasia等,2010) | 2 866 | 10 | 维基百科图像 | 对应的维基百科长文章 | 长文本包含大量专业词汇,导致图像与长文本的特征对齐极具挑战 |
| 音视频物理跨模态 | CCV (Jiang等,2011) | 9 317 | 20 | 消费级视频流 | 对应的环境/事件音频 | 大规模复杂音视频事件聚类,非结构化特征极强 |
| CUAVE (Patterson等,2002) | 36 个视频 | 10 | 嘴唇运动视频 | 同步的语音音频信号 | 音视频 (audio/visual) 聚类基准,需解决声学与视觉的时序协同问题 |
| 深度与3D传感器跨模态 | NYU-Depth V2 (Silberman等,2012) | 1 449 | 26 | RGB彩色图像 | 深度传感器图像 | 室内场景,典型的同源异构物理传感器数据,适合三维场景理解 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322949848059748365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1249024232475115590, articleId=1322949825729274819, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
原生的异构多模态数据集
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 数据集名称 | 样本数量 | 类别数 | 模态1 | 模态2 | 在MVC领域的拓展潜力与挑战 |
|---|
| 图文跨模态对齐 | AwA (Animals) (Lampert等,2009) | 30 475 | 50 | RGB图像特征 | 85 维人工语义属性 | 探索视觉特征与连续/离散语义属性特征之间的异构对齐聚类 |
| IAPR TC-12 (Escalante等,2010) | 20 000 | 255 | 旅游生活图像 | 多语言(英/德)描述 | 适合测试超大规模跨语言图文聚类 |
| MirFlickr-25K (Huiskes和Lew,2008) | 25 000 | 24 | 社交媒体图像 | 用户标注的短文本 | 大规模图文匹配,文本模态极度稀疏且充满社交网络主观噪声 |
| MS-COCO (Lin等,2014) | 超30万 | 80 | 复杂场景图像 | 人工高质量长文本描述 | 样本量极其庞大 |
| NUS-WIDE (Chua等,2009) | 269 648 | 81 | Web图像 | Flickr 用户关联标签 | 标签存在大量缺失 |
| Pascal Sentences (Farhadi等,2010) | 1 000 | 20 | 自然场景图像 | 50 句自然语言描述 | 经典图文跨模态基准 |
| Wikipedia (Wiki) (Rasiwasia等,2010) | 2 866 | 10 | 维基百科图像 | 对应的维基百科长文章 | 长文本包含大量专业词汇,导致图像与长文本的特征对齐极具挑战 |
| 音视频物理跨模态 | CCV (Jiang等,2011) | 9 317 | 20 | 消费级视频流 | 对应的环境/事件音频 | 大规模复杂音视频事件聚类,非结构化特征极强 |
| CUAVE (Patterson等,2002) | 36 个视频 | 10 | 嘴唇运动视频 | 同步的语音音频信号 | 音视频 (audio/visual) 聚类基准,需解决声学与视觉的时序协同问题 |
| 深度与3D传感器跨模态 | NYU-Depth V2 (Silberman等,2012) | 1 449 | 26 | RGB彩色图像 | 深度传感器图像 | 室内场景,典型的同源异构物理传感器数据,适合三维场景理解 |
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