Article(id=1271391580893156180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, issueId=1271391553579848391, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12264/JFSC2025-0054, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741017600000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-04, revisedDate=1742140800000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1781052974198, onlineDateStr=2026-06-10, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781052974198, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781052974198, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781052974198, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1271391553579848391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, year='2025', volume='32', issue='12', pageStart='1717', pageEnd='1844', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781052967652, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781053078366, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1271392018073849945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, issueId=1271391553579848391, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1271392018078044250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, issueId=1271391553579848391, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1798, endPage=1807, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1271391581111259990, articleId=1271391580893156180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, language=EN, title=Study of feeding strategy and crucial morphological changes of Artemia under indoor mass culture conditions, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study explored a feeding strategy for the indoor mass culture of high-quality and uniform-size Artemia and clarified the crucial stages for morphological changes in Artemia in high-density culture. First, Artemia franciscana cysts from the Great Salt Lake, USA, were hatched and cultured in 100 L conical tanks for 4 days at an initial density of 1 ind./mL. Freshly cultured microalgae Isochrysis galbana was used as the basic diet. Subsequently, Artemia were transferred to 10 L conical tanks at an initial density of 0.5 ind./mL and fed shrimp feed with a size of 25–30 μm. Feeding was conducted at three levels, with total feed amounts of 3.33 g, 6.70 g, and 10.02 g, and three replicates were performed. The results showed that with total feeding amounts of 6.70 g and 10.02 g, the body length and biomass of Artemia were significantly higher than those with a total feeding amount of 3.33 g (P < 0.05). During the culture process, the overall variation trends of ${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$, ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$, and total nitrogen (TN) contents were consistent. The ${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$ and ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$ contents in each group remained at a low level (0.01– 0.04 mg/L and 0–0.12 mg/L, respectively). However, the variation trends of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ differed. With a feeding amount of 3.33 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ increased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.53 mg/L; with a feeding amount of 6.70 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ increased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.39 mg/L; and with a feeding amount of 10.02 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ decreased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.28 mg/L. At the end of culture, the contents of TN in the groups with feeding amounts of 3.33 g, 6.70 g, and 10.02 g reached 7.46 mg/L, 8.69 mg/L, and 15.95 mg/L, respectively. Subsequently, the feeding amount of 6.70 g per 10 L group was applied to the culture of Artemia in a 1-ton water column for 13 days. Two critical stages, namely, the appendage development period and the second antenna degeneration period, were identified during the culture process, which was characterized by a sudden drop in survival rate. On day 13, the survival rate of Artemia was 72.3%, the average body length was 7.24 mm, and the total biomass reached 2230 g. The crude protein content of the biomass was 52.28% dry weight, the crude fat content was 17.64% dry weight, and the eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) content was 7.56 mg/g dry weight, all of which were higher than those of biomass collected from Bohai Bay salt ponds. In conclusion, using microalgae with a small size and easy digestibility in the early stage of Artemia culture, followed by an appropriate amount of formulated feed, can achieve a stable biomass yield. Artemia density changes should be closely monitored at the critical stages during the culture process. The results of this study not only provide strategic guidance for the indoor mass Artemia culture but also offer a methodological reference for obtaining a stable number of healthy Artemia in scientific research when using Artemia as experimental animals.

, correspAuthors=Liying SUI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yulong LU, Xinhua WU, Xinrong YAN, Xuerui WAN, Kaoshuai DONG, Haoran MA, Meirong GAO, Liying SUI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1271391582382134114, articleId=1271391580893156180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, language=CN, title=室内卤虫高密度养殖投喂策略及卤虫形态变化关键期探究, columnId=1271391555995767499, journalTitle=中国水产科学, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究探究了在室内高密度养殖生产高质量、规格均一卤虫的投喂策略,明确了高密度养殖中卤虫形态发育变化的关键期。首先将初孵卤虫幼体置于10 L锥底养殖桶中,初始密度为0.5 ind./mL。投喂粒径为25~30 μm对虾饲料,投喂总量设置3个水平,分别为3.33 g、6.70 g和10.02 g,每个水平3组平行。结果表明,当总投喂量为6.70 g和10.02 g时,卤虫体长及生物量显著高于总投喂量3.33 g组(P<0.05)。养殖过程中${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$和总氮(TN)整体变化趋势保持一致,各组${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$含量均保持较低水平,分别为0.01~0.04 mg/L和0~0.12 mg/L。养殖期间${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$变化趋势存在差异,当投喂量为3.33 g时,${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{H}}$含量从0.33 mg/L升高至0.53 mg/L;投喂量为6.70 g时,${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$在0.33~0.39 mg/L之间;投喂量为10.02 g时,含量从0.33 mg/L下降至0.28 mg/L。养殖结束时,三个投喂水平水体TN含量分别达到7.46 mg/L、8.69 mg/L和15.95 mg/L。之后将6.70 g/10 L的投喂量体系扩大应用于1吨水体卤虫养殖13 d,明确了养殖过程中的附肢发育期和第二触角退化期两个关键时期,此时卤虫存活率易发生大幅下降。养殖结束后,卤虫存活率为72.3%,平均体长为7.24 mm,总生物量达到2230 g。人工养殖卤虫的粗蛋白含量为52.28%干重,粗脂肪含量为17.64%干重,EPA含量为7.56 mg/g干重,均高于渤海湾盐田收获的卤虫成虫。综上,卤虫养殖前期使用粒径较小且易消化的单胞藻,中后期适量投喂颗粒饲料,可实现稳定的卤虫产量。养殖过程中应密切关注变态关键时期卤虫的密度变化。本研究结果不仅为卤虫室内规模化养殖提供策略指导,而且为实验动物卤虫的科学研究中获得数量稳定的健康卤虫提供方法参考。

, correspAuthors=隋丽英, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
隋丽英,教授,研究方向为海卤水生物资源开发利用(聚焦卤虫和嗜盐微生物)、卤水生态环境评价与修复、健康水产养殖. E-mail:
SUI Liying. E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=北京中科期刊出版有限公司, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FLNWx/pMq8LmZ3uVH+7Fqg==, magXml=ujkX4SVMagMyTVHo7QSsfA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=FMnf4pQbWkV8ykJ+J/URpw==, pdfFileSize=986541, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=sfuSCgDci6V3YHb/CXa20Q==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=aMV48T3IEcxIpZIOB37pvA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

卢钰龙,男,硕士,研究方向为海洋资源开发利用. E-mail:

, authorsList=卢钰龙, 武心华, 闫新荣, 万学瑞, 董考帅, 马浩然, 高美荣, 隋丽英)}, authors=[Author(id=1271391583069999984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=luyulong19990213@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391583174857588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391583069999984, language=EN, stringName=Yulong LU, firstName=Yulong, middleName=null, lastName=LU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391584839996277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391583069999984, language=CN, stringName=卢钰龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio={"content":"

卢钰龙,男,硕士,研究方向为海洋资源开发利用. E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

卢钰龙,男,硕士,研究方向为海洋资源开发利用. E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391584923882359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391585003574137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391584923882359, language=EN, stringName=Xinhua WU, firstName=Xinhua, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3National Joint Breeding Platform of Shrimp, Binzhou 256600, Shandong China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391585179734906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391584923882359, language=CN, stringName=武心华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.国家对虾联合育种平台,山东 滨州 256600, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582830924651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582847701868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582830924651, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3National Joint Breeding Platform of Shrimp, Binzhou 256600, Shandong China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582872867693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582830924651, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国家对虾联合育种平台,山东 滨州 256600)])]), Author(id=1271391585272009596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391585603359615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391585272009596, language=EN, stringName=Xinrong YAN, firstName=Xinrong, middleName=null, lastName=YAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391585687245696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391585272009596, language=CN, stringName=闫新荣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391586010207106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391586136036229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391586010207106, language=EN, stringName=Xuerui WAN, firstName=Xuerui, middleName=null, lastName=WAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391586496746374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391586010207106, language=CN, stringName=万学瑞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391586857456520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391586983285643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391586857456520, language=EN, stringName=Kaoshuai DONG, firstName=Kaoshuai, middleName=null, lastName=DONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391587276886924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391586857456520, language=CN, stringName=董考帅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391587377550222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391589306930065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391587377550222, language=EN, stringName=Haoran MA, firstName=Haoran, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391589411787666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391587377550222, language=CN, stringName=马浩然, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391589499868052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391589898326935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391589499868052, language=EN, stringName=Meirong GAO, firstName=Meirong, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391590212899736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391589499868052, language=CN, stringName=高美荣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1271391590351311770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=suily@tust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1271391590749770653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391590351311770, language=EN, stringName=Liying SUI, firstName=Liying, middleName=null, lastName=SUI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1271391590821073822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, authorId=1271391590351311770, language=CN, stringName=隋丽英, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, 1, 2, *, address=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1271391591144035231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Artemia culture), Keyword(id=1271391591487968160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=feeding strategy), Keyword(id=1271391591588631457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=survival rate), Keyword(id=1271391591890621346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=biomass), Keyword(id=1271391591970313123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=water quality), Keyword(id=1271391592318440356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=nutrition analysis), Keyword(id=1271391593815806885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=卤虫养殖), Keyword(id=1271391593903887270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=投喂策略), Keyword(id=1271391593979384743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=存活率), Keyword(id=1271391594050687912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=生物量), Keyword(id=1271391594423980969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=水质), Keyword(id=1271391594528838570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=营养指标)], refs=[Reference(id=1271391599012549567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lavens P, Sorgeloos P. The history, present status and prospects of the availability of Artemia cysts for aquaculture[J]. Aquaculture, 2000, 181(3-4): 397-403., articleTitle=Lavens P, Sorgeloos P. The history, present status and prospects of the availability of Artemia cysts for aquaculture[J]. Aquaculture, 2000, 181(3-4): 397-403., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599083852736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Van Stappen G, Sorgeloos P, Rombaut G. Manual on Artemia Production and Use[M]. Rome: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Papers, 2024., articleTitle=Van Stappen G, Sorgeloos P, Rombaut G. Manual on Artemia Production and Use[M]. Rome: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Papers, 2024., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599138378689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ngoc Anh N T, Toi, T H, Hoa V N. Evaluating Artemia biomass and gut weed (Ulva intestinalis) meal as a dietary protein source for black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) postlarvae[J]. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 2023, 49(1): 97-103., articleTitle=Ngoc Anh N T, Toi, T H, Hoa V N. Evaluating Artemia biomass and gut weed (Ulva intestinalis) meal as a dietary protein source for black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) postlarvae[J]. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 2023, 49(1): 97-103., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599205487554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wee S, Loong S, Ng N S R, et al. Artemia as a sustainably cultured live feed for ornamental fish in zoological institutions with immunostimulant properties when bioencapsulated with spirulina (Arthrospria platensis)[J]. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 2021, 9(2): 110-115., articleTitle=Wee S, Loong S, Ng N S R, et al. Artemia as a sustainably cultured live feed for ornamental fish in zoological institutions with immunostimulant properties when bioencapsulated with spirulina (Arthrospria platensis)[J]. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 2021, 9(2): 110-115., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599280985027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ngoc Anh N T, Ut V N, Wille M, et al. Effect of different forms of Artemia biomass as a food source on survival, molting and growth rate of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 549-558., articleTitle=Ngoc Anh N T, Ut V N, Wille M, et al. Effect of different forms of Artemia biomass as a food source on survival, molting and growth rate of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 549-558., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599339705284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ngoc Anh N T, Wille M, Hoa V N, et al. Potential use of Artemia biomass by-products from Artemia cyst production for the nursing of goby Pseudapocryptes elongatus in Vietnam: Effects on growth and feed utilization[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 297-305., articleTitle=Ngoc Anh N T, Wille M, Hoa V N, et al. Potential use of Artemia biomass by-products from Artemia cyst production for the nursing of goby Pseudapocryptes elongatus in Vietnam: Effects on growth and feed utilization[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 297-305., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599398425541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xing M W, Deng H G, Gao M R, et al. Effects of Artemia nauplii from different origins on growth, muscle composition, and stress resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2022, 29(1): 70-78. [邢明威,邓洪刚,高美荣,等. 不同产地卤虫幼体对凡纳滨对虾仔虾生长、肌肉组分和抗胁迫能力的影响[J]. 中国水产科学,2022, 29(1): 70-78.], articleTitle=Xing M W, Deng H G, Gao M R, et al. Effects of Artemia nauplii from different origins on growth, muscle composition, and stress resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2022, 29(1): 70-78. [邢明威,邓洪刚,高美荣,等. 不同产地卤虫幼体对凡纳滨对虾仔虾生长、肌肉组分和抗胁迫能力的影响[J]. 中国水产科学,2022, 29(1): 70-78.], refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599482311622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Van Stappen G, Sui L Y, Hoa V N, et al. Review on integrated production of the brine shrimp Artemia in solar salt ponds[J]. Reviews in Aquaculture, 2020, 12(2): 1054-1071., articleTitle=Van Stappen G, Sui L Y, Hoa V N, et al. Review on integrated production of the brine shrimp Artemia in solar salt ponds[J]. Reviews in Aquaculture, 2020, 12(2): 1054-1071., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599545226183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of partial harvesting strategies on Artemia biomass production in Vietnamese salt works[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2010, 41(9): 289-298., articleTitle=Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of partial harvesting strategies on Artemia biomass production in Vietnamese salt works[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2010, 41(9): 289-298., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599612335048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of different supplemental feeds on proximate composition and Artemia biomass production in salt ponds[J]. Aquaculture, 2009, 286(3-4): 217-225., articleTitle=Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of different supplemental feeds on proximate composition and Artemia biomass production in salt ponds[J]. Aquaculture, 2009, 286(3-4): 217-225., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599683638217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zmora O, Shpigel M. Intensive mass production of Artemia in a recirculated system[J]. Aquaculture, 2006, 255(1-4): 488-494., articleTitle=Zmora O, Shpigel M. Intensive mass production of Artemia in a recirculated system[J]. Aquaculture, 2006, 255(1-4): 488-494., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599754941386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Du D D, Gao M R, Zhang B, et al. Comparison of biological and nutritional characteristics of Artemia cysts in Kazakhstani and Russian salt lakes[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2020, 35(3): 57-62. [杜东东,高美荣,张波,等. 哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯主要盐湖卤虫卵生物学和营养学特性分析[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2020, 35(3): 57-62.], articleTitle=Du D D, Gao M R, Zhang B, et al. Comparison of biological and nutritional characteristics of Artemia cysts in Kazakhstani and Russian salt lakes[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2020, 35(3): 57-62. [杜东东,高美荣,张波,等. 哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯主要盐湖卤虫卵生物学和营养学特性分析[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2020, 35(3): 57-62.], refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599834633163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li K, Wang Y D, Du G R, et al. Effects of temperature and particle size on the filter-feeding rate of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana at different growth stages and stocking densities[J]. Aquaculture International, 2024, 32(6): 7355-7367., articleTitle=Li K, Wang Y D, Du G R, et al. Effects of temperature and particle size on the filter-feeding rate of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana at different growth stages and stocking densities[J]. Aquaculture International, 2024, 32(6): 7355-7367., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391599918519244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fernández R G. Artemia bioencapsulation I. Effect of particle sizes on the filtering behavior of Artemia franciscana[J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2001, 21(2):435-442., articleTitle=Fernández R G. Artemia bioencapsulation I. Effect of particle sizes on the filtering behavior of Artemia franciscana[J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2001, 21(2):435-442., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600014988237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chi Q L, Gao M R, Jia J, et al. Application of three stains of microalgae powder in indoor Artemia culture[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2024, 39(6): 30-37. [迟庆雷,高美荣,加晶,等. 三种单胞藻粉在室内卤虫养殖中的应用[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2024, 39(6): 30-37.], articleTitle=Chi Q L, Gao M R, Jia J, et al. Application of three stains of microalgae powder in indoor Artemia culture[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2024, 39(6): 30-37. [迟庆雷,高美荣,加晶,等. 三种单胞藻粉在室内卤虫养殖中的应用[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2024, 39(6): 30-37.], refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600090485710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dan S, Yamashita K, Matsunari H, et al. Capability of Artemia to digest Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata under stagnant culture conditions[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2022, 53(12): 4316-4326., articleTitle=Dan S, Yamashita K, Matsunari H, et al. Capability of Artemia to digest Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata under stagnant culture conditions[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2022, 53(12): 4316-4326., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600191149007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Reis J, Weldon A, Ito P, et al. Automated feeding systems for shrimp: Effects of feeding schedules and passive feedback feeding systems[J]. Aquaculture, 2021, 541: 736800., articleTitle=Reis J, Weldon A, Ito P, et al. Automated feeding systems for shrimp: Effects of feeding schedules and passive feedback feeding systems[J]. Aquaculture, 2021, 541: 736800., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600254063568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun G X, Liu Y, Qiu D G, et al. Effects of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance, digestion and nutrients balances of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2016, 47(1): 176-188., articleTitle=Sun G X, Liu Y, Qiu D G, et al. Effects of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance, digestion and nutrients balances of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2016, 47(1): 176-188., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600316978129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gunasekara R A Y S A, Rekecki A, Cornillie P, et al. Morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana nauplii[J]. Aquaculture, 2011, 321(1-2): 1-7, articleTitle=Gunasekara R A Y S A, Rekecki A, Cornillie P, et al. Morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana nauplii[J]. Aquaculture, 2011, 321(1-2): 1-7, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600379892690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou X. The cycles of major nitrogen species in oyster aquaculture zone of Zhanjiang Bay[D]. Zhanjiang: Guangdong Ocean University, 2022. [周欣. 湛江湾牡蛎养殖区主要氮化物循环特征研究[D]. 湛江:广东海洋大学,2022.], articleTitle=Zhou X. The cycles of major nitrogen species in oyster aquaculture zone of Zhanjiang Bay[D]. Zhanjiang: Guangdong Ocean University, 2022. [周欣. 湛江湾牡蛎养殖区主要氮化物循环特征研究[D]. 湛江:广东海洋大学,2022.], refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600447001555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=de Lourdes Cobo M, Sonnenholzner S, Wille M, et al. Ammonia tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) larvae[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2014, 45(3): 470-475., articleTitle=de Lourdes Cobo M, Sonnenholzner S, Wille M, et al. Ammonia tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) larvae[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2014, 45(3): 470-475., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600501527508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cheng W, Chen J C. The virulence of Enterococcus to freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2002, 12(2): 97-109., articleTitle=Cheng W, Chen J C. The virulence of Enterococcus to freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2002, 12(2): 97-109., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600568636373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang G J, Yu R C, Zhou M J. Modulatory effects of ammonia-N on the immune system of Penaeus japonicus to virulence of white spot syndrome virus[J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 241(1-4): 61-75., articleTitle=Jiang G J, Yu R C, Zhou M J. Modulatory effects of ammonia-N on the immune system of Penaeus japonicus to virulence of white spot syndrome virus[J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 241(1-4): 61-75., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600627356630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu C H, Chen J C. Effect of ammonia on the immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2004, 16(3): 321-334., articleTitle=Liu C H, Chen J C. Effect of ammonia on the immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2004, 16(3): 321-334., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600723825623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Bureau of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. Water quality STANDARD for fisheries: GB 11607—1989[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1990. [国家环境保护局. 渔业水质标准:GB 11607— 1989[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,1990.], articleTitle=State Bureau of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. Water quality STANDARD for fisheries: GB 11607—1989[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1990. [国家环境保护局. 渔业水质标准:GB 11607— 1989[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,1990.], refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600795128792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shyne Anand P S, Aravind R, Balasubramanian C P, et al. Artemia biomass: A functional live maturation feed for Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus broodstock, and its culture prospective under diverse management regime[J]. Aquaculture, 2024, 588: 740851., articleTitle=Shyne Anand P S, Aravind R, Balasubramanian C P, et al. Artemia biomass: A functional live maturation feed for Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus broodstock, and its culture prospective under diverse management regime[J]. Aquaculture, 2024, 588: 740851., refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1271391600853849049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao M L, Luo G Z, Tan H X, et al. Performance of feeding Artemia with bioflocs derived from two types of fish solid waste[J]. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2018, 3(6): 246-253., articleTitle=Yao M L, Luo G Z, Tan H X, et al. Performance of feeding Artemia with bioflocs derived from two types of fish solid waste[J]. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2018, 3(6): 246-253., refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1271391582621209444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582625403749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582637986662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582621209444, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582717678439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582726067048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582734455657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582717678439, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1271391582830924651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582847701868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582830924651, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3National Joint Breeding Platform of Shrimp, Binzhou 256600, Shandong China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1271391582872867693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, companyId=1271391582830924651, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.国家对虾联合育种平台,山东 滨州 256600)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1271391595275424683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Changes in Artemia body length of different feeding groups, figureFileSmall=hEZ3+rnsPZ2zesmOdibkUQ==, figureFileBig=sfuSCgDci6V3YHb/CXa20Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391595434808236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同投喂量组卤虫体长变化

折线图上方字母表示差异显著(P<0.05).

, figureFileSmall=hEZ3+rnsPZ2zesmOdibkUQ==, figureFileBig=sfuSCgDci6V3YHb/CXa20Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391595824878509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Changes of inorganic nitrogen concentration in different Artemia feeding groups, figureFileSmall=jyX3qg0rTM6Rz1TwKNoEog==, figureFileBig=QMI7q34Z223ojDSFuLaL8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391595891987374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同投喂量卤虫养殖水体无机氮含量变化, figureFileSmall=jyX3qg0rTM6Rz1TwKNoEog==, figureFileBig=QMI7q34Z223ojDSFuLaL8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596126868399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Change of algal density in culture column, figureFileSmall=n5nEqHCuCYgXq+xLdv6pfw==, figureFileBig=+xcf8TI1d/8OE7LQsL/iYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596198171568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=图3, caption=养殖水体藻密度变化, figureFileSmall=n5nEqHCuCYgXq+xLdv6pfw==, figureFileBig=+xcf8TI1d/8OE7LQsL/iYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596286251953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Morphological development of Artemia during culture, figureFileSmall=ZKwn6WaDEm67NNXkii/vKQ==, figureFileBig=psTU0xJHBQjWPjzjrX4Pwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596357555122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=图4, caption=养殖过程中卤虫的形态变化

a. 第1天;b. 第3天;c. 第5天;d. 第7天;1. 第一触角;2. 第二触角;3. 乳突;4. 附肢.

, figureFileSmall=ZKwn6WaDEm67NNXkii/vKQ==, figureFileBig=psTU0xJHBQjWPjzjrX4Pwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596445635507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Crucial Artemia developmental stage during culture, figureFileSmall=tT+jjGeHxzm/WoRNx6lszw==, figureFileBig=3558PjgkOM9Xl+TYq2R/VA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596537910196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=图5, caption=卤虫养殖过程中的关键发育时期, figureFileSmall=tT+jjGeHxzm/WoRNx6lszw==, figureFileBig=3558PjgkOM9Xl+TYq2R/VA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1271391596625990581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Feed nutrient composition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品sample对虾饲料shrimp feed
粗蛋白含量/%干重crude protein content/% dry weight37.85±0.35
粗脂肪含量/%干重crude fat content/% dry weight5.84±1.95
脂肪酸组成和含量/(mg/g干重)fatty acid composition and content/(mg/g dry weight)c14:00.97±0.11
c14:1n-50.16±0.03
c15:00.19±0.06
c15:1n-50.04±0.02
c16:05.77±0.62
c16:1n-71.16±0.16
c17:00.27±0.04
c17:1n-70.16±0.09
c18:01.38±0.26
c18:1n-74.72±0.81
c18:1n-90.82±0.17
c18:2n-67.95±0.96
c18:3n-61.37±0.32
c18:3n-30.85±0.26
c20:4n-6(ARA)0.36±0.24
c20:5 n-3(EPA)2.12±0.40
C22:6n-3(DHA)2.67±0.25
总脂肪酸含量/(mg/g干重)(mg/g dry weight)30.96±4.54
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598270157750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

饲料营养成分表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品sample对虾饲料shrimp feed
粗蛋白含量/%干重crude protein content/% dry weight37.85±0.35
粗脂肪含量/%干重crude fat content/% dry weight5.84±1.95
脂肪酸组成和含量/(mg/g干重)fatty acid composition and content/(mg/g dry weight)c14:00.97±0.11
c14:1n-50.16±0.03
c15:00.19±0.06
c15:1n-50.04±0.02
c16:05.77±0.62
c16:1n-71.16±0.16
c17:00.27±0.04
c17:1n-70.16±0.09
c18:01.38±0.26
c18:1n-74.72±0.81
c18:1n-90.82±0.17
c18:2n-67.95±0.96
c18:3n-61.37±0.32
c18:3n-30.85±0.26
c20:4n-6(ARA)0.36±0.24
c20:5 n-3(EPA)2.12±0.40
C22:6n-3(DHA)2.67±0.25
总脂肪酸含量/(mg/g干重)(mg/g dry weight)30.96±4.54
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598358238135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Feeding ration for Artemia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
养殖天数/d culture days投喂量/(g/10 L)feeding ration
50.150.300.45
60.150.300.45
70.210.430.64
80.210.430.64
90.320.650.96
100.320.650.96
110.430.861.29
120.430.861.29
130.561.111.67
140.561.111.67
总投喂量total feeding ration3.336.7010.02
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598458901432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

卤虫投喂量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
养殖天数/d culture days投喂量/(g/10 L)feeding ration
50.150.300.45
60.150.300.45
70.210.430.64
80.210.430.64
90.320.650.96
100.320.650.96
110.430.861.29
120.430.861.29
130.561.111.67
140.561.111.67
总投喂量total feeding ration3.336.7010.02
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598521815993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Effects of three feeding rations on survival, growth and feed conversion rate of Artemia n=3; $\bar x \pm {\rm{SD}}$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
投喂总量/g total feeding ration存活率/% survival rate终末生物量湿重/g final wet weight终末体长/mm final body length饲料转化率feed conversion rate
3.3393.3±5.78.45±0.54c5.53±0.98c0.40±0.02a
6.7092.4±8.015.21±0.63b6.71±0.70b0.44±0.02b
10.0297.8±3.321.42±0.90a7.60±0.78a0.48±0.02b
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598593119162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

三个投喂量对卤虫存活、生长和饲料转化率的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
投喂总量/g total feeding ration存活率/% survival rate终末生物量湿重/g final wet weight终末体长/mm final body length饲料转化率feed conversion rate
3.3393.3±5.78.45±0.54c5.53±0.98c0.40±0.02a
6.7092.4±8.015.21±0.63b6.71±0.70b0.44±0.02b
10.0297.8±3.321.42±0.90a7.60±0.78a0.48±0.02b
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598677005243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Growth indexes of Artemia in large scale culture system $\bar x \pm {\rm{SD}}$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
终末密度/(ind./mL)final density存活率/% survival rate终末生物量湿重/g final wet weight终末体长/mm final body length体长特定增长率/% specific growth rate of body length饲料转化率feed conversion rate
0.78±0.0172.3±1.22230.0±112.77.24±0.0919.64±0.240.39±0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598765085628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

大规模养殖体系卤虫生长指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
终末密度/(ind./mL)final density存活率/% survival rate终末生物量湿重/g final wet weight终末体长/mm final body length体长特定增长率/% specific growth rate of body length饲料转化率feed conversion rate
0.78±0.0172.3±1.22230.0±112.77.24±0.0919.64±0.240.39±0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598836388797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Nutritional analysis of Artemia obtained from indoor culture and Bohai Bay salt ponds $\bar x \pm {\rm{SD}}$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品sample人工养殖卤虫artificial culture Artemia渤海湾盐田卤虫Artemia in the Bohai Bay salt ponds
粗蛋白含量/%干重crude protein content/% dry weight52.28±0.1946.42±1.38
粗脂肪含量/%干重crude fat content/% dry weight17.64±7.0113.28±6.43
脂肪酸组成和含量/(mg/g干重)fatty acid composition and content/(mg/g dry weight)c14:01.54±0.270.79±0.05
c14:1n-51.17±0.430.88±0.09
c15:00.52±0.070.51±0.04
c15:1n-50.33±0.110.29±0.02
c16:013.33±1.958.21±0.02
c16:1n-74.19±1.036.16±0.08
c17:01.59±1.001.31±0.08
c17:1n-70.99±0.180.76±0.03
c18:07.33±1.223.90±0.06
c18:1n-722.37±4.6211.18±0.45
c18:1n-96.95±1.289.28±0.06
c18:2n-620.37±3.953.52±0.35
c18:3n-63.78±0.928.57±0.09
c18:3n-31.70±0.362.45±0.10
c20:4n-6(ARA)1.21±0.441.08±0.31
c20:5 n-3(EPA)7.65±1.515.30±0.26
C22:6n-3(DHA)2.32±0.650.07±0.01
总脂肪酸含量/(mg/g干重)total fatty acid content/(mg/g dry weight)97.32±19.6568.64±0.41
), ArticleFig(id=1271391598907691966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1271160618791747662, articleId=1271391580893156180, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

室内人工养殖卤虫与渤海湾盐田卤虫营养分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品sample人工养殖卤虫artificial culture Artemia渤海湾盐田卤虫Artemia in the Bohai Bay salt ponds
粗蛋白含量/%干重crude protein content/% dry weight52.28±0.1946.42±1.38
粗脂肪含量/%干重crude fat content/% dry weight17.64±7.0113.28±6.43
脂肪酸组成和含量/(mg/g干重)fatty acid composition and content/(mg/g dry weight)c14:01.54±0.270.79±0.05
c14:1n-51.17±0.430.88±0.09
c15:00.52±0.070.51±0.04
c15:1n-50.33±0.110.29±0.02
c16:013.33±1.958.21±0.02
c16:1n-74.19±1.036.16±0.08
c17:01.59±1.001.31±0.08
c17:1n-70.99±0.180.76±0.03
c18:07.33±1.223.90±0.06
c18:1n-722.37±4.6211.18±0.45
c18:1n-96.95±1.289.28±0.06
c18:2n-620.37±3.953.52±0.35
c18:3n-63.78±0.928.57±0.09
c18:3n-31.70±0.362.45±0.10
c20:4n-6(ARA)1.21±0.441.08±0.31
c20:5 n-3(EPA)7.65±1.515.30±0.26
C22:6n-3(DHA)2.32±0.650.07±0.01
总脂肪酸含量/(mg/g干重)total fatty acid content/(mg/g dry weight)97.32±19.6568.64±0.41
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1271159410169495628, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国水产科学, nameEn=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1005-8737, eissn=null, cn=11-3446/S, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=Ta84TKSAzkrR4SJRsXKksw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1780997620386, updatedTime=1780998087618, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=Ta84TKSAzkrR4SJRsXKksw==, picEn=BIKnzbqXSB+WXUPwHjbXMQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1271161370000175203, language=CN, name=中国水产科学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1780998087644, updatedTime=1780998087644, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1271161370063089764, language=EN, name=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1780998087659, updatedTime=1780998087659, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com/zgsckx/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1271160618791747662, websiteList=[Website(id=1271161829310010283, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1271160618791747662, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1780998197152, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1780998263401, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国水产科学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国水产科学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1271162195535664080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1780998284467, updateTime=1780998284467, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195514692557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1780998284462, updateTime=1780998284462, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195560829907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998284473, updateTime=1780998284473, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195506303948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN/file/pic?fileId=vDG7PLwhHRYcvrsSZX/bjQ==, createTime=1780998284460, updateTime=1780998284460, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195573412821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998284476, updateTime=1780998284476, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195527275471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1780998284465, updateTime=1780998284465, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195569218516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998284475, updateTime=1780998284475, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195523081166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1780998284464, updateTime=1780998284464, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195544052689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1780998284469, updateTime=1780998284469, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162195552441298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829310010283, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1780998284471, updateTime=1780998284471, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1271161829398090669, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1271160618791747662, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1780998197173, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1780998259408, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国水产科学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1271162233758356442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1780998293580, updateTime=1780998293580, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233733190615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1780998293574, updateTime=1780998293574, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233934517214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998293622, updateTime=1780998293622, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233720607702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xclcy/EN/file/pic?fileId=vDG7PLwhHRYcvrsSZX/bjQ==, createTime=1780998293571, updateTime=1780998293571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162234001626080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998293638, updateTime=1780998293638, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233745773529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xclcy/EN/file/pic, createTime=1780998293577, updateTime=1780998293577, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233951294431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1780998293626, updateTime=1780998293626, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233741579224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1780998293576, updateTime=1780998293576, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233775133659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1780998293584, updateTime=1780998293584, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1271162233926128605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1271161829398090669, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1780998293620, updateTime=1780998293620, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国水产科学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.fishscichina.com, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, journalPhotoCn=Ta84TKSAzkrR4SJRsXKksw==, journalPhotoEn=BIKnzbqXSB+WXUPwHjbXMQ==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN/10.12264/JFSC2025-0054, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/EN/10.12264/JFSC2025-0054, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN/PDF/10.12264/JFSC2025-0054, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/EN/PDF/10.12264/JFSC2025-0054, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
室内卤虫高密度养殖投喂策略及卤虫形态变化关键期探究
收藏切换
PDF下载
卢钰龙 1, 2 , 武心华 3 , 闫新荣 1, 2 , 万学瑞 1, 2 , 董考帅 1, 2 , 马浩然 1, 2 , 高美荣 1, 2 , 隋丽英 *, 1, 2, *
中国水产科学 | 研究论文 2025,32(12): 1798-1807
收起
收藏切换
中国水产科学 | 研究论文 2025, 32(12): 1798-1807
室内卤虫高密度养殖投喂策略及卤虫形态变化关键期探究
全屏
卢钰龙1, 2 , 武心华3, 闫新荣1, 2, 万学瑞1, 2, 董考帅1, 2, 马浩然1, 2, 高美荣1, 2, 隋丽英*, 1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
  • 2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457
  • 3.国家对虾联合育种平台,山东 滨州 256600
  • 卢钰龙,男,硕士,研究方向为海洋资源开发利用. E-mail:

通讯作者:

隋丽英,教授,研究方向为海卤水生物资源开发利用(聚焦卤虫和嗜盐微生物)、卤水生态环境评价与修复、健康水产养殖. E-mail:
SUI Liying. E-mail:
Study of feeding strategy and crucial morphological changes of Artemia under indoor mass culture conditions
Yulong LU1, 2 , Xinhua WU3, Xinrong YAN1, 2, Xuerui WAN1, 2, Kaoshuai DONG1, 2, Haoran MA1, 2, Meirong GAO1, 2, Liying SUI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
  • 2Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, Tianjin 300457, China
  • 3National Joint Breeding Platform of Shrimp, Binzhou 256600, Shandong China
doi: 10.12264/JFSC2025-0054
文章导航
收藏切换

本研究探究了在室内高密度养殖生产高质量、规格均一卤虫的投喂策略,明确了高密度养殖中卤虫形态发育变化的关键期。首先将初孵卤虫幼体置于10 L锥底养殖桶中,初始密度为0.5 ind./mL。投喂粒径为25~30 μm对虾饲料,投喂总量设置3个水平,分别为3.33 g、6.70 g和10.02 g,每个水平3组平行。结果表明,当总投喂量为6.70 g和10.02 g时,卤虫体长及生物量显著高于总投喂量3.33 g组(P<0.05)。养殖过程中${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$和总氮(TN)整体变化趋势保持一致,各组${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$含量均保持较低水平,分别为0.01~0.04 mg/L和0~0.12 mg/L。养殖期间${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$变化趋势存在差异,当投喂量为3.33 g时,${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{H}}$含量从0.33 mg/L升高至0.53 mg/L;投喂量为6.70 g时,${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$在0.33~0.39 mg/L之间;投喂量为10.02 g时,含量从0.33 mg/L下降至0.28 mg/L。养殖结束时,三个投喂水平水体TN含量分别达到7.46 mg/L、8.69 mg/L和15.95 mg/L。之后将6.70 g/10 L的投喂量体系扩大应用于1吨水体卤虫养殖13 d,明确了养殖过程中的附肢发育期和第二触角退化期两个关键时期,此时卤虫存活率易发生大幅下降。养殖结束后,卤虫存活率为72.3%,平均体长为7.24 mm,总生物量达到2230 g。人工养殖卤虫的粗蛋白含量为52.28%干重,粗脂肪含量为17.64%干重,EPA含量为7.56 mg/g干重,均高于渤海湾盐田收获的卤虫成虫。综上,卤虫养殖前期使用粒径较小且易消化的单胞藻,中后期适量投喂颗粒饲料,可实现稳定的卤虫产量。养殖过程中应密切关注变态关键时期卤虫的密度变化。本研究结果不仅为卤虫室内规模化养殖提供策略指导,而且为实验动物卤虫的科学研究中获得数量稳定的健康卤虫提供方法参考。

卤虫养殖  /  投喂策略  /  存活率  /  生物量  /  水质  /  营养指标

This study explored a feeding strategy for the indoor mass culture of high-quality and uniform-size Artemia and clarified the crucial stages for morphological changes in Artemia in high-density culture. First, Artemia franciscana cysts from the Great Salt Lake, USA, were hatched and cultured in 100 L conical tanks for 4 days at an initial density of 1 ind./mL. Freshly cultured microalgae Isochrysis galbana was used as the basic diet. Subsequently, Artemia were transferred to 10 L conical tanks at an initial density of 0.5 ind./mL and fed shrimp feed with a size of 25–30 μm. Feeding was conducted at three levels, with total feed amounts of 3.33 g, 6.70 g, and 10.02 g, and three replicates were performed. The results showed that with total feeding amounts of 6.70 g and 10.02 g, the body length and biomass of Artemia were significantly higher than those with a total feeding amount of 3.33 g (P < 0.05). During the culture process, the overall variation trends of ${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$, ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$, and total nitrogen (TN) contents were consistent. The ${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$ and ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$ contents in each group remained at a low level (0.01– 0.04 mg/L and 0–0.12 mg/L, respectively). However, the variation trends of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ differed. With a feeding amount of 3.33 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ increased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.53 mg/L; with a feeding amount of 6.70 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ increased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.39 mg/L; and with a feeding amount of 10.02 g, the content of ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$ decreased from 0.33 mg/L to 0.28 mg/L. At the end of culture, the contents of TN in the groups with feeding amounts of 3.33 g, 6.70 g, and 10.02 g reached 7.46 mg/L, 8.69 mg/L, and 15.95 mg/L, respectively. Subsequently, the feeding amount of 6.70 g per 10 L group was applied to the culture of Artemia in a 1-ton water column for 13 days. Two critical stages, namely, the appendage development period and the second antenna degeneration period, were identified during the culture process, which was characterized by a sudden drop in survival rate. On day 13, the survival rate of Artemia was 72.3%, the average body length was 7.24 mm, and the total biomass reached 2230 g. The crude protein content of the biomass was 52.28% dry weight, the crude fat content was 17.64% dry weight, and the eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) content was 7.56 mg/g dry weight, all of which were higher than those of biomass collected from Bohai Bay salt ponds. In conclusion, using microalgae with a small size and easy digestibility in the early stage of Artemia culture, followed by an appropriate amount of formulated feed, can achieve a stable biomass yield. Artemia density changes should be closely monitored at the critical stages during the culture process. The results of this study not only provide strategic guidance for the indoor mass Artemia culture but also offer a methodological reference for obtaining a stable number of healthy Artemia in scientific research when using Artemia as experimental animals.

Artemia culture  /  feeding strategy  /  survival rate  /  biomass  /  water quality  /  nutrition analysis
卢钰龙, 武心华, 闫新荣, 万学瑞, 董考帅, 马浩然, 高美荣, 隋丽英. 室内卤虫高密度养殖投喂策略及卤虫形态变化关键期探究. 中国水产科学, 2025 , 32 (12) : 1798 -1807 . DOI: 10.12264/JFSC2025-0054
Yulong LU, Xinhua WU, Xinrong YAN, Xuerui WAN, Kaoshuai DONG, Haoran MA, Meirong GAO, Liying SUI. Study of feeding strategy and crucial morphological changes of Artemia under indoor mass culture conditions[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2025 , 32 (12) : 1798 -1807 . DOI: 10.12264/JFSC2025-0054
卤虫富含蛋白质、氨基酸和脂肪酸等营养物质[1-2],卤虫无节幼体、幼体、拟成体和成体可作为不同发育阶段水产养殖动物的鲜活饵料,被广泛用作海水鱼类[3]、观赏鱼[4]、虾蟹[57]类苗种培育的生物饵料。与幼体相比,卤虫拟成体和成体营养价值更高,具有更高的蛋白质含量和更丰富的必需氨基酸。市场对于高质量卤虫的需求量逐年增加,新鲜或冷冻卤虫成虫作为饲料和营养补充,可直接用于工厂化和盐田对虾养殖、仔虾标粗和亲虾催熟。
采收于盐湖和盐池的野生卤虫存在营养不稳定、虫体大小不均一等问题,而且其生物安全控制难度大。研究者通过向盐田中施加鸡粪和猪粪以及补充米糠和豆粕等惰性饲料来达到提高卤虫产量的目的[8-10]。采用人工增养殖不仅可提高卤虫的产量,亦可在一定程度上改善卤虫的营养品质。卤虫的人工增养殖通常在高盐池塘水体中,通过水质调控和补充惰性饵料等措施提高卤虫的产量。Odi等[11]在室外采用循环水系统进行卤虫高密度养殖,将微藻、酵母和大豆蛋白混合物等作为饲料投入养殖系统,通过细菌、微藻和原生动物对残饵和粪便进行循环利用,并将其作为卤虫的补充饵料,整个养殖期间不换水。养殖17~ 20 d后,卤虫平均存活率为(23.3±9.24)%,饲料转化率为0.17~0.25。在室内进行卤虫高密度养殖,可以通过人为调控饵料营养、控制培养时间和水质条件,从而获得营养、体长规格和生物安全等质量可控的卤虫产品,满足不同发育阶段水产苗种的需求,对水产经济动物活饵料的供给起到保障作用。但是目前卤虫室内高密度养殖技术不成熟,表现在缺乏科学的投喂策略指导、对养殖过程中卤虫生长发育的关键期认识不足,因此普遍存在养殖存活率不高,卤虫生物量不稳定的现象。
本研究以易被卤虫消化的新鲜等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)为基础饵料,在养殖中后期补充对虾饲料,探究饲料投喂量对卤虫生长发育和水质的影响。采取投喂总量为6.70 g/10 L的投喂量体系,根据卤虫投放密度成比例增加的投喂策略进行卤虫养殖,探究室内规模化生产卤虫的可行性,以期为室内规模化卤虫养殖和实验动物卤虫的实验室培养提供参考。
采用美国大盐湖卤虫(Artemia franciscana)卵(泰国英伟公司)。对虾饲料(海博集团)由渤海水产股份有限公司提供,饲料平均粒径为25~30 μm,饲料粗蛋白、粗脂肪和主要脂肪酸含量见表1
等鞭金藻在实验室扩培。不同投喂量养殖卤虫测试于2024年7—8月在天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心进行。大体系卤虫养殖实验于2024年9—12月于国家对虾联合育种平台进行。
精确称取1 g卤虫卵于1 L孵化管中,在盐度30稀释卤水、水温28 ℃、光照强度2000 Lx条件下,均匀充气使得卤虫卵保持悬浮状态孵化24 h,孵化结束后分离收集卤虫幼体。用蒸馏水冲洗幼体体表盐分,并用吸水纸吸干表面水分,称取湿重(g湿重/g卵)。将卤虫幼体置于60 ℃烘箱烘干24 h,称取干重(g干重/g卵)。大盐湖卤虫经过24 h孵化后,每克卵可孵化23万只幼体,幼体湿重(2.49±0.07)g,干重(0.41±0.01)g,据此计算卤虫投放初始密度及生物量。
按照1.2条件进行卤虫孵化,孵化开始时间记为第0天,卤虫幼体投放至养殖桶中的时间记为第1天。将卤虫转移至100 L养殖桶,养殖水体80 L。将卤虫置于预先培养的等鞭金藻藻液中,卤虫密度为1 ind/mL。暂养4 d后,将卤虫随机分配至10 L养殖桶,养殖水体8 L。初始养殖密度为0.5 ind/mL,养殖第5天开始投喂饲料。
根据前期实验结果,饲料投喂总量设置为3.33 g、6.70 g和10.02 g 3个投喂量梯度,每个梯度3个平行,每2天增加一次投喂量(表2),表中日投喂量每天分3次投喂(9:00、14:00和22:00)。养殖周期为14 d,其间不换水。实验用水为消毒稀释卤水,盐度40,pH 7.5~8.5,温度(25±1.0)℃,溶解氧含量5~7 mg/L,光照强度2000 lx,光照周期12L∶12D。
养殖开始时,随机选取30只卤虫幼体,在解剖镜下测量体长,作为卤虫初始体长,卤虫幼体初始平均体长为(519.50±83.13)μm。养殖期间每3 d从每个养殖桶中随机选取10只卤虫,在解剖镜下测量卤虫体长。第14天,将养殖桶足量充气使卤虫均匀悬浮,取样50 mL水体并计数其中卤虫个数,每个养殖桶重复记录6次,计算卤虫存活率。分别收集每桶卤虫,用淡水简单冲洗体表盐分,用吸水纸吸干体表水分后称重,记录卤虫生物量。相关指标的计算如下:
体重特定生长率(%/d)=(lnW2–lnW1)/t×100
体长特定生长率(%/d)=(lnL2–lnL1)/t×100
存活率(%)=N2/N1×100
饲料转化率(FCR)=Wfeed/(W2W1
L2为终末体长(mm);L1为初始体长(mm);t为投喂天数(d);N2为终末数量;N1为初始数量;W2为终末湿重(g);W1为初始湿重(g);Wfeed为饲料投喂量(g)。
按照1.2条件进行卤虫孵化,孵化时间18~ 20 h。孵化后静置数分钟后将悬浮在表面的卵壳吸出,用120目筛网于清洁卤水中收集无节幼体。将采收的幼体投放入含有等鞭金藻的养殖桶中,养殖桶体积1000 L,养殖水体800 L,初始藻密度为(2.15×106±1.30×105)cell/mL。养殖前4天,每12 h使用血球计数板测定藻密度。第4天开始投喂饲料,饲料日投喂量根据1.3中6.70 g/10 L投喂量体系计算。养殖水为消毒卤水,盐度60,温度23~26 ℃,溶解氧含量2~6 mg/L,3个平行。养殖第6~7天开始,每天排放20%污水同时补充等体积新水,排污从养殖桶底部阀门排放,排放时使用80目筛网收取卤虫,排污结束后将卤虫放回养殖水体。14天收获成虫,使用清水冲洗体表盐分,采用生产上通用的卤虫称重方法,即沥干水分至滴水不呈线,称取卤虫生物量。养殖开始后,从第1天开始每两天从养殖桶中随机取10只卤虫,使用SOPTOP体式变倍显微镜测定卤虫体长和拍照;测定卤虫密度,方法同1.3
收集养殖14天的卤虫,蒸馏水清洗后冷冻干燥。参照GB/T 6432—2018《饲料中粗蛋白的测定》,用凯氏定氮仪(2300-Kjeldahl,丹麦FOSS)测定卤虫粗蛋白含量。参照GB/T 6433—2006《饲料中粗脂肪的测定》,用索氏提取法测定卤虫粗脂肪含量。提取卤虫脂肪酸并甲酯化,采用内标法(C20:2n-6,美国NUCHEK PREP)用气相色谱仪(日本岛津)分析其脂肪酸甲酯的组成和含量[12]。针对2024年收集的渤海湾盐田卤虫成虫进行上述指标的分析。
养殖过程中,每3天收集水样50 mL,于10000 r/min离心15 min,之后收集上清水样。参照GBT/12763.4-2007《海洋调查规范第4部分:海水化学要素调查》,采用次溴酸钠氧化法测定氨氮含量,采用锌镉还原法测定硝酸盐氮含量,采用重氮偶氮法测定亚硝酸盐氮含量,采用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定总氮含量。
数据以“平均值±标准差”($\bar x \pm {\rm{SD}}$)表示,采用IBM SPSS Statistics 23进行统计学分析。采用单因素方差检验ANOVA和Duncan多重比较,以P<0.05为显著性差异判断标准。
饲料投喂量对卤虫存活、生长和饲料转化率的影响见表3,饲料投喂量对卤虫存活率无显著性影响(P>0.05)。当饲料投喂量为10.02 g时,卤虫养殖14天达到最大生物量,为(21.42±0.90)g,极显著高于投喂量为6.70 g和3.33 g组。投喂量3.33 g组饲料转化率显著低于投喂量6.70 g和10.02 g组(P<0.05),饲料转化率为0.40± 0.02。
第5天投喂饲料后,投喂10.02 g组卤虫生长均高于投喂3.33 g和6.70 g组(图1)。不同投喂量的卤虫体长存在显著差异,养殖结束后,投喂6.70 g和10.02 g组卤虫体长极显著高于投喂3.33 g组(P<0.01),投喂10.02 g组显著高于投喂6.70 g组(P<0.05),投喂6.70 g和10.02 g组卤虫体长分别为(6.82±0.47)mm和(7.60±0.78)mm。
养殖期间,不同投喂量组水体${\rm{NH}}_4^ + - {\rm{N}}$含量均在0~0.12 mg/L之间,呈现先上升后保持平稳的趋势(图2);${\rm{NO}}_2^ - - {\rm{N}}$含量均保持在较低水平,含量在0.01~0.04 mg/L之间;${\rm{NO}}_3^ - - {\rm{N}}$含量在0.33~ 0.53 mg/L之间,养殖前期变化不大,养殖第10天,投喂3.33 g组含量从0.33 mg/L升高至0.53 mg/L,投喂6.70 g组趋于平稳,含量在0.33~0.39 mg/L之间,投喂10.02 g组含量从0.33 mg/L下降至0.28 mg/L。随着投喂量的增加,TN含量逐渐升高,养殖第10天投喂10.02 g组升高幅度较大。三个投喂水平TN含量分别达到了7.46 mg/L、8.69 mg/L和15.95 mg/L。
养殖前84 h内,金藻密度随着养殖时间的增加而逐渐降低。0~36 h内藻密度下降速度较慢,36 h后金藻密度迅速下降。在养殖84 h达到最低值,为(1.17×105± 2.89×104)cell/mL,此时养殖水体清澈透明。于第4天(96 h)开始补充饲料。
卤虫在孵化完成、投放入养殖水体后的1~4天(图4)主要利用第二触角(second antenna)进行游动和过滤进食,卤虫腹部逐渐出现乳突(budding of thoracopods)。养殖4~7 d,此时卤虫腹部乳突逐渐发育为附肢(appendage),进化为运动器官,之后开始使用附肢游动;第二触角形态和功能发生变化,雄性触角发育为钩状抱握器,雌性触角退化为感知器官,失去运动功能。养殖8~11天,该时期卤虫第二触角完全退化,已具备成虫形态,体长增长。养殖11~13天,雌虫卵囊逐渐发育,雄虫出现抱握器。
卤虫进入拟成体期前,养殖密度由(1.07± 0.03)ind/mL降低至(0.81±0.01)ind./mL。进入拟成体期后,卤虫密度趋于稳定(图5),卤虫体长持续增长。养殖第13天,平均卤虫密度为(0.78± 0.01)ind/mL,存活率达(72.3±1.2)%,平均体长为(7.24±0.09)mm,总生物量达到(2230.0±112.7)g(表4)。根据卤虫形态发育变化及养殖期间密度变化规律,首次将卤虫养殖过程划分为4个主要时期,即附肢发育期、第二触角退化期、拟成体期和成体期(图5)。
室内人工养殖卤虫与渤海湾盐田野生卤虫粗蛋白、粗脂肪及脂肪酸含量见表5。人工养殖卤虫的粗蛋白含量为(52.28± 0.19)mg/g干重,粗脂肪含量为(17.64±7.01)mg/g干重,总脂肪酸含量为(97.32±19.65)mg/g干重,EPA含量为(7.65±1.51)mg/g干重,均高于渤海湾盐田卤虫,人工养殖卤虫脂肪酸含量与饲料脂肪酸含量相关。
卤虫是高效的非选择性滤食动物,其滤食效率与温度、粒度大小和密度、卤虫密度等密切相关。不同发育阶段的卤虫可根据食物大小调节食物摄取速率,发育前期的卤虫对颗粒较小的藻细胞具有更高的滤食效率,发育后期更倾向于稍大的颗粒物[13-14]。本研究养殖前期(1~4 d)以等鞭金藻为基础饵料,养殖4 d以后开始补充人工饲料,在10.02 g的投喂总量条件下,养殖13 d卤虫的体长达到(7.60±0.78)mm。在该养殖模式下,卤虫发育快,可在较短的时间内达到成虫体长,养殖效果优于投喂单一藻粉。原因与单胞藻的选择以及饲料的投喂存在较大关系。本研究中选用新鲜培养的等鞭金藻,细胞长4.4~7.1 μm,宽2.7~4.4 μm,厚2.4~3 μm,无细胞壁,细胞内贮藏物为油滴和白糖素,其粒径大小适合发育前期的卤虫,同时微藻对水质具有调控作用。养殖中后期,用粒径为25~30 μm且营养全面的饲料投喂,其颗粒大小更适合较大的卤虫,饲料全面的营养亦促进了卤虫生长。本团队前期研究表明,以单一藻粉[包括三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)、湛江等鞭金藻(Isochrysis zhanjianggensis)和佐夫色藻(Chromochloris zofingiensis)等]作为饲料养殖卤虫,养殖周期更长,18 d后卤虫体长在6.19~ 6.96 mm[15]。仅使用新鲜小球藻养殖卤虫,卤虫生长发育迟缓,养殖13 d体长仅为(4.42±0.35)mm,归因于小球藻细胞壁较厚,不易被卤虫消化吸收[16]。此外,卤虫幼体滤食效率低,直接投喂饲料易影响水质。
在卤虫养殖过程中,投喂量的控制至关重要,适宜的投喂量可确保卤虫获得足够的能量和营养,促进其生长。本研究采用平均粒度25~30 μm的人工饲料投喂卤虫,三个投喂量下养殖14 d内卤虫存活率在93.3% ~ 97.8%,三个投喂量均能保证卤虫的高存活率。较高的投喂量促进卤虫生长,投喂总量为6.70 g和10.02 g组的卤虫,养殖结束后体长均显著高于投喂总量3.33 g组(P<0.05)。
本研究随着投喂量的增加,卤虫总生物量和饲料转化率也随之升高,三组饲料转化率在0.40~0.48之间,与南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖(0.99~1.03)[17]和大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)养殖(0.96~1.16)[18]相比较低;投喂量为6.70 g和10.02 g组总生物量显著高于投喂3.33 g组(P<0.05),说明在一定程度上获得较高卤虫生物量需要较高的投喂量,但是相同增重下,高投喂量组饲料消耗量增加,表明卤虫饵料转化率低。卤虫的肠道结构简单,整体呈现钩管状和管状结构,由前肠、中肠和后肠三部分构成;其中前肠和后肠的功能主要以进食和排泄为主,中肠的功能主要为消化和吸收营养物质,随着卤虫的生长发育,肠道各结构会成比例增加[19]。卤虫肠道缺乏复杂的消化褶皱与微绒毛结构,难以充分研磨和分解食物,也无法有效扩大营养吸收面积,这使得卤虫对食物的消化吸收效率偏低。因此,投喂量需设置一个合理的区间,适量饲料的投喂会明显增加卤虫的摄食量;而投喂量过多则可能导致饲料浪费和水质恶化,进而影响卤虫的存活和健康。
养殖水体的含氮物质包括有机氮、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮等,主要来源于饲料残留、动物排泄物、动物尸体的腐解及底泥释放。在微生物的作用下,有机氮通过氨化作用转化为氨氮,进一步参与硝化作用和反硝化作用。亚硝酸盐氮是氨氮氧化的中间产物,由亚硝化细菌在硝化作用的第一阶段生成,是硝化反应不完全的产物,当水体中总氨浓度达到高峰后,亚硝酸盐氮浓度也会相应升高。硝酸盐氮是氨氮完全氧化的产物,是氮循环中的稳定形态,但在一定条件下可以参与反硝化作用,转化为氮气溢出水体[20]。本研究卤虫养殖过程全程不换水,随着饲料投入的增加,水体中总氮含量累计升高。三个不同投喂量条件下,养殖过程中氨氮含量均先升高至0.12 mg/L左右后保持相对稳定,亚硝酸盐氮含量在整个养殖期间未发生较大变化,推测原因为在该氨氮浓度下细菌反硝化作用较少或完全参与硝化反应后转化为硝酸盐氮和氮气。硝酸盐氮在养殖前期未发生较大变化,但从第10天开始,投喂量为3.33 g、6.70 g和10.02 g组分别出现了升高、相对稳定和下降的趋势,原因可能为投喂3.33 g组投喂量较低,水体中硝化细菌少,导致硝酸盐氮没有向其他形式转化;而投喂10.02 g组由于投喂量高,水体中硝化细菌增多,使得硝氮被利用,从而出现下降趋势。
养殖水体中过高的氨氮浓度对具有开放循环系统的甲壳动物的生理和健康的影响尤为显著,氨氮胁迫导致对虾的高死亡率、氧化应激、免疫抑制和病原体易感性[2124]。我国的渔业水质标准规定海水养殖中的总氮水平通常不能超过0.5 mg/L,氨氮浓度应小于0.2 mg/L[25],超过该标准可能会对养殖生物造成负面影响,甚至导致中毒。本研究卤虫养殖期间不换水,不同投喂量条件下,虽然养殖水体氮源动态变化存在差异,且氨氮和总氮水平较高,分别在0.10~0.12 mg/L和7.46~15.95 mg/L,但并未对卤虫存活及生物量产生不利影响,说明卤虫对高氮环境的耐受性较强。
卤虫的I期无节幼体体长约400~500 μm,有三对触角,分别为具有感知功能的第一触角(first antennae),具有运动和滤食功能的第二触角(second antennae)和进行食物摄取的下颚(mandibles)。I期无节幼体未开口,完全依靠卵黄储备生长。大约6~8 h后(取决于不同品系和养殖温度),卤虫蜕皮成为II期无节幼体并开始摄食。在随后的幼虫阶段,躯干出现成对的附肢(appendages)并逐渐分化为胸足(thoracopods)[2]。目前虽然明确了卤虫在整个生命周期中经历了15次蜕皮,并将整个生命过程划分为无节幼体期(instar nauplius)、后无节幼体期(meta-nauplius)、青年期(juvenile)、拟成体期(pre-adult)和成体期(adult)五个发育时期,但并未明确卤虫生长发育中的变态发育关键期,以及其与人工养殖过程中卤虫存活率下降的关联。本研究根据不同时期卤虫形态的变化以及养殖过程中卤虫存活率的下降趋势,将整个养殖过程划分为附肢发育、第二触角退化、拟成体和成体等四个阶段,其中附肢发育和第二触角退化阶段在养殖过程中最为重要,直接影响卤虫的存活率。在附肢发育阶段,卤虫会由于第二触角损伤而导致运动能力受损,无法正常游动和滤食,从而造成死亡。当卤虫进入第二触角退化阶段时,卤虫泳姿发生较大改变,由第二触角主导游动转变为附肢主导游动,处于该阶段的卤虫会因为第二触角退化过程中蜕皮不顺利或附肢游动能力不强导致死亡。本研究中这两个时期处于养殖的前1~7 d,不同品系或不同养殖温度条件下可能存在差异。该阶段卤虫的存活率不稳定,有较大幅度下降,卤虫密度从(1.07±0.03)ind./mL下降至(0.78±0.01)ind./mL。完成变态发育的卤虫进入拟成体期,此时卤虫存活率稳定,部分卤虫性发育成熟,雌虫开始抱卵。因此在养殖过程中附肢发育期和第二触角退化期是关键期。
本研究使用新鲜培养的等鞭金藻配合对虾饲料养殖13 d,卤虫存活率、生物量和体长分别达到(72.3±1.2)%、(2230±112.7)g/m3和(7.60± 0.78)mm。Chi等[15]在28 ℃,初始密度为100 ind./L条件下,使用湛江等鞭金藻藻粉养殖14 d,卤虫存活率、生物量和体长分别为(47.3± 4.9)%、(511.5±65.91)mg/L和(3.75±1.89)mm。此外,Shyne Anand等[26]分别使用新鲜海链藻(Thalassiosira sp.)、发酵悬浮液和发酵悬浮液与新鲜海链藻混合(1∶1)等三种饲料养殖卤虫18 d,初始密度为0.3 ind./mL。三种饲料养殖存活率分别为(29.3± 1.4)%、(72.5±3.6)%和(79.5±2.2)%;生物量分别为(0.36±0.27)kg/m3、(1.22±0.86)kg/m3和(1.30± 0.56)kg/m3;体长分别为(5.2±0.1)mm、(7.8± 0.0)mm和(8.4±0.1)mm。Yao等[27]使用由鱼类养殖尾水中产生的生物絮团养殖卤虫19 d,初始投放密度为3 ind./mL,存活率为16%~22%,卤虫生物量为1.4~1.57 g/L。本研究中新鲜等鞭金藻配合对虾饲料养殖方式存活率和产量均高于其他养殖模式,可获得产量稳定和体长均一的卤虫。
卤虫养殖1~4 d使用粒径较小且易消化的藻细胞作为基础饵料,之后投喂人工饲料,适宜的投喂量能够促进卤虫生长发育,实现稳定的卤虫产量。卤虫对高氮水体环境存在较高的耐受性,养殖期间只需少量排污,仍可获得较高的存活率和卤虫生物量。卤虫养殖过程中有两个发育关键时期,即附肢发育期和第二触角退化期,此时卤虫存活率易发生大幅下降,养殖过程中应密切关注卤虫在两个时期的密度变化。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Lavens P, Sorgeloos P. The history, present status and prospects of the availability of Artemia cysts for aquaculture[J]. Aquaculture, 2000, 181(3-4): 397-403.
[2]
Van Stappen G, Sorgeloos P, Rombaut G. Manual on Artemia Production and Use[M]. Rome: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Papers, 2024.
[3]
Ngoc Anh N T, Toi, T H, Hoa V N. Evaluating Artemia biomass and gut weed (Ulva intestinalis) meal as a dietary protein source for black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) postlarvae[J]. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 2023, 49(1): 97-103.
[4]
Wee S, Loong S, Ng N S R, et al. Artemia as a sustainably cultured live feed for ornamental fish in zoological institutions with immunostimulant properties when bioencapsulated with spirulina (Arthrospria platensis)[J]. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 2021, 9(2): 110-115.
[5]
Ngoc Anh N T, Ut V N, Wille M, et al. Effect of different forms of Artemia biomass as a food source on survival, molting and growth rate of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 549-558.
[6]
Ngoc Anh N T, Wille M, Hoa V N, et al. Potential use of Artemia biomass by-products from Artemia cyst production for the nursing of goby Pseudapocryptes elongatus in Vietnam: Effects on growth and feed utilization[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2011, 17(2): 297-305.
[7]
Xing M W, Deng H G, Gao M R, et al. Effects of Artemia nauplii from different origins on growth, muscle composition, and stress resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2022, 29(1): 70-78. [邢明威,邓洪刚,高美荣,等. 不同产地卤虫幼体对凡纳滨对虾仔虾生长、肌肉组分和抗胁迫能力的影响[J]. 中国水产科学,2022, 29(1): 70-78.]
[8]
Van Stappen G, Sui L Y, Hoa V N, et al. Review on integrated production of the brine shrimp Artemia in solar salt ponds[J]. Reviews in Aquaculture, 2020, 12(2): 1054-1071.
[9]
Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of partial harvesting strategies on Artemia biomass production in Vietnamese salt works[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2010, 41(9): 289-298.
[10]
Ngoc Anh N T, Hoa V N, Van Stappen G, et al. Effect of different supplemental feeds on proximate composition and Artemia biomass production in salt ponds[J]. Aquaculture, 2009, 286(3-4): 217-225.
[11]
Zmora O, Shpigel M. Intensive mass production of Artemia in a recirculated system[J]. Aquaculture, 2006, 255(1-4): 488-494.
[12]
Du D D, Gao M R, Zhang B, et al. Comparison of biological and nutritional characteristics of Artemia cysts in Kazakhstani and Russian salt lakes[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2020, 35(3): 57-62. [杜东东,高美荣,张波,等. 哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯主要盐湖卤虫卵生物学和营养学特性分析[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2020, 35(3): 57-62.]
[13]
Li K, Wang Y D, Du G R, et al. Effects of temperature and particle size on the filter-feeding rate of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana at different growth stages and stocking densities[J]. Aquaculture International, 2024, 32(6): 7355-7367.
[14]
Fernández R G. Artemia bioencapsulation I. Effect of particle sizes on the filtering behavior of Artemia franciscana[J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2001, 21(2):435-442.
[15]
Chi Q L, Gao M R, Jia J, et al. Application of three stains of microalgae powder in indoor Artemia culture[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2024, 39(6): 30-37. [迟庆雷,高美荣,加晶,等. 三种单胞藻粉在室内卤虫养殖中的应用[J]. 天津科技大学学报,2024, 39(6): 30-37.]
[16]
Dan S, Yamashita K, Matsunari H, et al. Capability of Artemia to digest Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata under stagnant culture conditions[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2022, 53(12): 4316-4326.
[17]
Reis J, Weldon A, Ito P, et al. Automated feeding systems for shrimp: Effects of feeding schedules and passive feedback feeding systems[J]. Aquaculture, 2021, 541: 736800.
[18]
Sun G X, Liu Y, Qiu D G, et al. Effects of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance, digestion and nutrients balances of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2016, 47(1): 176-188.
[19]
Gunasekara R A Y S A, Rekecki A, Cornillie P, et al. Morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana nauplii[J]. Aquaculture, 2011, 321(1-2): 1-7
[20]
Zhou X. The cycles of major nitrogen species in oyster aquaculture zone of Zhanjiang Bay[D]. Zhanjiang: Guangdong Ocean University, 2022. [周欣. 湛江湾牡蛎养殖区主要氮化物循环特征研究[D]. 湛江:广东海洋大学,2022.]
[21]
de Lourdes Cobo M, Sonnenholzner S, Wille M, et al. Ammonia tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) larvae[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2014, 45(3): 470-475.
[22]
Cheng W, Chen J C. The virulence of Enterococcus to freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2002, 12(2): 97-109.
[23]
Jiang G J, Yu R C, Zhou M J. Modulatory effects of ammonia-N on the immune system of Penaeus japonicus to virulence of white spot syndrome virus[J]. Aquaculture, 2004, 241(1-4): 61-75.
[24]
Liu C H, Chen J C. Effect of ammonia on the immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2004, 16(3): 321-334.
[25]
State Bureau of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. Water quality STANDARD for fisheries: GB 11607—1989[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1990. [国家环境保护局. 渔业水质标准:GB 11607— 1989[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,1990.]
[26]
Shyne Anand P S, Aravind R, Balasubramanian C P, et al. Artemia biomass: A functional live maturation feed for Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus broodstock, and its culture prospective under diverse management regime[J]. Aquaculture, 2024, 588: 740851.
[27]
Yao M L, Luo G Z, Tan H X, et al. Performance of feeding Artemia with bioflocs derived from two types of fish solid waste[J]. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2018, 3(6): 246-253.
2025年第32卷第12期
PDF下载
5
1
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12264/JFSC2025-0054
  • 接收时间:2025-03-04
  • 首发时间:2026-06-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-04
  • 修回日期:2025-03-17
基金
作者信息
    1.天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
    2.天津科技大学亚洲区域卤虫参考中心,天津 300457
    3.国家对虾联合育种平台,山东 滨州 256600

通讯作者:

隋丽英,教授,研究方向为海卤水生物资源开发利用(聚焦卤虫和嗜盐微生物)、卤水生态环境评价与修复、健康水产养殖. E-mail:
SUI Liying. E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgsckx/CN/10.12264/JFSC2025-0054
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏