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[Method] The preparation process of tremella yogurt was optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal test,and the texture characteristics,acidity,total sugar content,protein content,fat concentration,calcium ion concentration,number of lactic acid bacteria and Escherichia coli of tremella yogurt under the optimal conditions were analyzed. [Result] The optimal formula of tremella yogurt was 20% of tremella pulp,14% of skimmed milk powder,6% of sucrose and 0.4% of stabilizer. The sensory score of the finished product was the highest when fermented at 41 ℃ for 8 h with this formula. Its texture characteristics detection viscosity was 4 430 mPa•s,hardness was 108 g,acidity was 82.48 °T,total sugar content was 10.92%,fat concentration was 1.782 g/100 mL,calcium ion concentration was 7.84 mg/100 mL,protein content was 22 mg/mL,and the number of lactic acid bacteria was 1.6×108 CFU/mL and the number of Escherichia coli was 0. [Conclusion] This product has reduced the fat content within a certain range while retaining the nutritional value of calcium and protein,etc. It also innovated the taste while preserving the special flavor of yogurt., authors=Song Mingjin, GUO ningjing, LI Xiang* , DAI Ya, YU Hua, authorsList=Song Mingjin, GUO ningjing, LI Xiang, DAI Ya, YU Hua, authorCompany=School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu Sichuan 610106, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320326758298145320, articleId=1320326757878714918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1296801528146919473, language=CN, title=银耳发酵乳制备工艺优化及营养质构分析, columnId=1297134041350824622, journalTitle=中国乳业, columnName=乳品加工, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=[目的]研制一款高钙低脂、营养丰富的银耳发酵乳,并分析其风味和品质。[方法]利用单因素试验和正交试验优化银耳发酵乳的制备工艺,并分析最佳条件下银耳发酵乳的质构特性、酸度、总糖含量、蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、钙离子浓度、乳酸菌数和大肠杆菌数等指标。[结果]银耳发酵乳的最佳工艺配方为银耳浆添加量20%、脱脂奶粉添加量14%、蔗糖添加了6%、稳定剂添加量0.4%,该配方在41 ℃发酵8 h制得成品的感官评分最高。其质构特性测定黏度为4 430 mPa·s,硬度为108 g,酸度为82.48 °T,总糖含量为10.92%,脂肪含量为1.782 g/100 mL,钙离子浓度为7.84 mg/100 mL,蛋白质含量为22 mg/mL,乳酸菌数为1.6×108 CFU/mL且大肠杆菌数为0。[结论]该成品在一定范围内降低了脂肪含量,同时保留了钙、蛋白质等营养价值,并在保留其发酵乳特殊风味的基础上,对口味进行了创新。, authors=宋明劲, 郭宁静, 李翔* , 戴雅, 余华, authorsList=宋明劲, 郭宁静, 李翔, 戴雅, 余华, authorCompany=成都大学食品与生物工程学院, 四川成都 610106, correspAuthors=* 李翔(1974-),女,四川成都人,博士,教授,研究方向为农产品冷链物流。, authorNote=宋明劲(2001-),男,四川内江人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;郭宁静(1998-),女,四川达州人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;戴雅(1999-),女,贵州铜仁人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;余华(1967-),女,四川成都人,博士,教授,研究方向为食品营养。, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, 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citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=0, orderTime=1792720029562, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=[1] 谢娟,张明星,李欢欢,等.鲜银耳超高压加工工艺优化[J].食品研究与开发,2022,43(1):118-124. 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[10] Torre L L,Tamime A Y,Muir D D.Rheology and sensory profiling of set‐type fermented milks made with different commercial probiotic and yoghurt starter cultures[J].International Journal of Dairy Technology,2003,56(3):163-170. [11] 李冰,张立攀,胡桂芳,等.牡丹花纯露营养酸奶的研制及品质分析[J].食品工业科技,2022,43(17):230-239. [12] 朱叶力,王一涵,谢清芸,等.水热处理对银耳多糖溶出及物理特性的影响[J].食品工业科技,2025,46(2):64-73. [13] 贾丽娜,吴俏云,苑宁,等.凝固型蜂蜜银耳酸奶的研制[J].粮食与油脂,2017,30(7):48-50. [14] 中国乳制品工业协会.RHB 104—2020 发酵乳感官评鉴细则[S]. [15] 李素,党超,刘晨,等.洋葱雪梨复合饮料的研制[J].饮料工业,2014,17(5):40-43. [16] 郭俊花,许先猛,成少宁,等.槐米酸奶加工工艺及DPPH自由基清除能力研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(6):187-191. [17] 张佳歆. 长货架期有机饮用型酸奶的开发研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2023. [18] 王雪杭,李瑞东,蒋云龙,等.植物乳杆菌胞外多糖协同鱼明胶改善低脂酸奶品质特性[J].食品科学,2023,44(10):73-81. [19] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB5413.34—2010 食品安全国家标准乳和乳制品酸度的测定[S]. [20] 翁霞,辛广,李云霞.蒽酮比色法测定马铃薯淀粉总糖的条件研究[J].食品研究与开发,2013,34(17):86-88. [21] 雷海容,刘雷,梁洪祥.超声辅助提取豆粕水溶性蛋白质工艺优化[J].粮食与油脂,2023,36(4):36-39. [22] 陈红惠,浦婷婷.玫瑰银耳凝固型风味酸奶研发[J].文山学院学报,2017,30(6):28-33. [23] 龙小凤. 多壁碳纳米管诱导葡萄细胞白藜芦醇生物合成的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2013. [24] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB5009.6—2016 食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定[S]. [25] 中华人民共和国国家卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T5009.92—2003食品中钙的测定[S]. [26] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会,国家市场监督管理总局.GB4789.35—2023 食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验[S]. [27] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB4789.3—2016 食品微生物学检验大肠杆菌计数[S]. [28] 张锋,金杰,朱中原.梨果汁发酵乳饮料的研制[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(24):103-108. [29] 杨扬. 十种真菌多糖对酸奶发酵剂发酵特性的影响[J].食品工业科技,2023,44(8):85-98. [30] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 19302—2010 食品安全国家标准发酵乳[S]. [31] 杨同香,王芳,李全阳.温度对酸乳中乳酸菌胞外多糖作用机制的研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(9):58-61. [32] 祝玉婷,胡志和,霍辰辰,等.添加复配糖对凝固型酸奶品质的影响[J].食品工业科技,2022,43(12):268-282. [33] 刘哲明. 银耳枣汁酸奶的研制[J].广州食品工业科技,2001,17(2):33-35.)
中国乳业
|乳品加工
2025
,
(6) :
127
-134
银耳发酵乳制备工艺优化及营养质构分析
全屏
宋明劲, 郭宁静, 李翔* , 戴雅, 余华
作者信息
成都大学食品与生物工程学院, 四川成都 610106
通讯作者:
* 李翔(1974-),女,四川成都人,博士,教授,研究方向为农产品冷链物流。
作者简介:
宋明劲(2001-),男,四川内江人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;郭宁静(1998-),女,四川达州人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;戴雅(1999-),女,贵州铜仁人,硕士,研究方向为食品加工与安全;余华(1967-),女,四川成都人,博士,教授,研究方向为食品营养。
Optimization of Preparation Process and Nutritional Textural Analysis of Tremella Yogurt
Song Mingjin, GUO ningjing, LI Xiang* , DAI Ya, YU Hua
Affiliations
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu Sichuan 610106
doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.06.21
文章导航
[目的]研制一款高钙低脂、营养丰富的银耳发酵乳,并分析其风味和品质。[方法]利用单因素试验和正交试验优化银耳发酵乳的制备工艺,并分析最佳条件下银耳发酵乳的质构特性、酸度、总糖含量、蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、钙离子浓度、乳酸菌数和大肠杆菌数等指标。[结果]银耳发酵乳的最佳工艺配方为银耳浆添加量20%、脱脂奶粉添加量14%、蔗糖添加了6%、稳定剂添加量0.4%,该配方在41 ℃发酵8 h制得成品的感官评分最高。其质构特性测定黏度为4 430 mPa·s,硬度为108 g,酸度为82.48 °T,总糖含量为10.92%,脂肪含量为1.782 g/100 mL,钙离子浓度为7.84 mg/100 mL,蛋白质含量为22 mg/mL,乳酸菌数为1.6×108 CFU/mL且大肠杆菌数为0。[结论]该成品在一定范围内降低了脂肪含量,同时保留了钙、蛋白质等营养价值,并在保留其发酵乳特殊风味的基础上,对口味进行了创新。
[Objective] To develop a high calcium,low fat and nutrient-rich tremella yogurt,and analyze its flavor and quality. [Method] The preparation process of tremella yogurt was optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal test,and the texture characteristics,acidity,total sugar content,protein content,fat concentration,calcium ion concentration,number of lactic acid bacteria and Escherichia coli of tremella yogurt under the optimal conditions were analyzed. [Result] The optimal formula of tremella yogurt was 20% of tremella pulp,14% of skimmed milk powder,6% of sucrose and 0.4% of stabilizer. The sensory score of the finished product was the highest when fermented at 41 ℃ for 8 h with this formula. Its texture characteristics detection viscosity was 4 430 mPa•s,hardness was 108 g,acidity was 82.48 °T,total sugar content was 10.92%,fat concentration was 1.782 g/100 mL,calcium ion concentration was 7.84 mg/100 mL,protein content was 22 mg/mL,and the number of lactic acid bacteria was 1.6×108 CFU/mL and the number of Escherichia coli was 0. [Conclusion] This product has reduced the fat content within a certain range while retaining the nutritional value of calcium and protein,etc. It also innovated the taste while preserving the special flavor of yogurt.
Tremella
/
fermentation
/
trophic structure
宋明劲, 郭宁静, 李翔, 戴雅, 余华.
银耳发酵乳制备工艺优化及营养质构分析.
中国乳业,
2025
,
(6)
: 127
-134
.
DOI: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.06.21
Song Mingjin, GUO ningjing, LI Xiang, DAI Ya, YU Hua.
Optimization of Preparation Process and Nutritional Textural Analysis of Tremella Yogurt[J].
China Dairy ,
2025
,
(6)
: 127
-134
.
DOI: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.06.21
参考文献
引证文献
[1] 谢娟,张明星,李欢欢,等.鲜银耳超高压加工工艺优化[J].食品研究与开发,2022,43(1):118-124. [2] Xu W,Shen X,Yang F,et al.Protective effect of polysaccharides isolated from Tremella fuciformis against radiation-induced damage in mice[J].Journal of Radiation Research,2012,53(3):353-360. [3] 谯小涛. 通江银耳菌中之冠[J].标准生活,2013(1):58-63. [4] 李翔,徐宏,邓杰,等.响应面法优化银耳山楂红枣速溶饮料的加工工艺[J].食品工业,2020,41(1):87-91. [5] Zhang S B,Lu Q Y,Yang H,et al.Aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil and protein hydrolysates from roasted peanut seeds[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society,2011,88(5):727-732. [6] Li Y,Chen J,Lai P,et al.Influence of drying methods on the physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of instant Tremella fuciformis[J].Food Science and Technology,2020,40(3):741-748. [7] 卢玉容,郭秀兰,唐仁勇,等.银耳多糖对低脂酸奶发酵、质构及感官品质的影响[J].食品工业科技,2019,40(10):73-77. [8] 屈小媛,田维荣,杨飞,等.黑树莓酸奶的研制[J].保鲜与加工,2011,11(5):35-38. [9] 武海峰. 益生菌酸奶冰激凌品质的改善研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012. [10] Torre L L,Tamime A Y,Muir D D.Rheology and sensory profiling of set‐type fermented milks made with different commercial probiotic and yoghurt starter cultures[J].International Journal of Dairy Technology,2003,56(3):163-170. [11] 李冰,张立攀,胡桂芳,等.牡丹花纯露营养酸奶的研制及品质分析[J].食品工业科技,2022,43(17):230-239. [12] 朱叶力,王一涵,谢清芸,等.水热处理对银耳多糖溶出及物理特性的影响[J].食品工业科技,2025,46(2):64-73. [13] 贾丽娜,吴俏云,苑宁,等.凝固型蜂蜜银耳酸奶的研制[J].粮食与油脂,2017,30(7):48-50. [14] 中国乳制品工业协会.RHB 104—2020 发酵乳感官评鉴细则[S]. [15] 李素,党超,刘晨,等.洋葱雪梨复合饮料的研制[J].饮料工业,2014,17(5):40-43. [16] 郭俊花,许先猛,成少宁,等.槐米酸奶加工工艺及DPPH自由基清除能力研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(6):187-191. [17] 张佳歆. 长货架期有机饮用型酸奶的开发研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2023. [18] 王雪杭,李瑞东,蒋云龙,等.植物乳杆菌胞外多糖协同鱼明胶改善低脂酸奶品质特性[J].食品科学,2023,44(10):73-81. [19] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB5413.34—2010 食品安全国家标准乳和乳制品酸度的测定[S]. [20] 翁霞,辛广,李云霞.蒽酮比色法测定马铃薯淀粉总糖的条件研究[J].食品研究与开发,2013,34(17):86-88. [21] 雷海容,刘雷,梁洪祥.超声辅助提取豆粕水溶性蛋白质工艺优化[J].粮食与油脂,2023,36(4):36-39. [22] 陈红惠,浦婷婷.玫瑰银耳凝固型风味酸奶研发[J].文山学院学报,2017,30(6):28-33. [23] 龙小凤. 多壁碳纳米管诱导葡萄细胞白藜芦醇生物合成的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2013. [24] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB5009.6—2016 食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定[S]. [25] 中华人民共和国国家卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T5009.92—2003食品中钙的测定[S]. [26] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会,国家市场监督管理总局.GB4789.35—2023 食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验[S]. [27] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB4789.3—2016 食品微生物学检验大肠杆菌计数[S]. [28] 张锋,金杰,朱中原.梨果汁发酵乳饮料的研制[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(24):103-108. [29] 杨扬. 十种真菌多糖对酸奶发酵剂发酵特性的影响[J].食品工业科技,2023,44(8):85-98. [30] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 19302—2010 食品安全国家标准发酵乳[S]. [31] 杨同香,王芳,李全阳.温度对酸乳中乳酸菌胞外多糖作用机制的研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(9):58-61. [32] 祝玉婷,胡志和,霍辰辰,等.添加复配糖对凝固型酸奶品质的影响[J].食品工业科技,2022,43(12):268-282. [33] 刘哲明. 银耳枣汁酸奶的研制[J].广州食品工业科技,2001,17(2):33-35.
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科 Family 属数 Number of genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 属 Genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78 小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39 红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87 小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26 光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39 红菇属 Russula 17 8.13 栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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