中国乳业

黄芪多糖对奶牛生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

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李克芳

中国乳业 | 饲养管理 2026,(4): 33-38

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中国乳业 |饲养管理 2026 , (4) : 33 -38

黄芪多糖对奶牛生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

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李克芳（1973-），女，山东临沂人，本科，高级兽医师，研究方向为兽医。

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李克芳

作者信息

沂水县动物疫病预防控制中心，山东临沂 276400

作者简介:

李克芳（1973-），女，山东临沂人，本科，高级兽医师，研究方向为兽医。

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Dairy Cows

Kefang LI

Affiliations

Yishui County Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shandong Linyi 276400

出版时间: 2026-04-25 doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.06

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摘要

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［目的］

探讨黄芪多糖对奶牛生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响，为提高奶牛养殖效益及健康管理提供理论依据。

［方法］

选取72头胎次、泌乳量及体况相似的奶牛，随机分为4组：对照组（CON）、低剂量组（APS 1.5）、中剂量组（APS 3.0）和高剂量组（APS 4.5）。对照组饲喂基础日粮，其余三组在基础日粮中分别添加1.5、3.0、4.5 g/kg黄芪多糖。预试期15 d，正试期60 d，期间监测并分析产奶量、乳成分、抗氧化指标及免疫指标。

［结果］

APS 3.0组日产奶量显著提高，乳蛋白率、乳脂率及干物质含量有所改善，体细胞数显著降低；各试验组血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著升高，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低；添加黄芪多糖组免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM含量显著提高，肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）含量显著降低，且中剂量组效果最优。

［结论］

黄芪多糖能显著提升奶牛生产性能，增强抗氧化能力和免疫功能，其中3.0 g/kg添加量效果最佳，具有较高的养殖应用价值。

关键词

黄芪多糖 / 生产性能 / 抗氧化 / 免疫功能 / 奶牛

Abstract

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[Objective]

To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on production performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function of dairy cows, and to provide theoretical basis for improving dairy cattle breeding efficiency and health management.

[Method]

Seventy-two cows with similar first litter, milk production and body condition were selected and randomly divided into four groups: control group (CON), low-dose group (APS 1.5), medium-dose group (APS 3.0) and high-dose group (APS 4.5).The control group was fed the basal diet, and the other three groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g/kg Astragalus polysaccharide, respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted 15 d, and the formal experimental period lasted 60 d.during which milk production, milk composition, antioxidant indicators and immune indicators were monitored and analyzed.

[Result]

Milk production in the APS 3.0 group was significantly improved, milk protein rate, milk fat rate and dry matter content were improved, and somatic cell number was significantly reduced; serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were significantly increased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly reduced in each experiment group; The immunoglobulin IgA and IgM contents in the astragalus polysaccharide-supplemented groups were significantly increased, while the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content was significantly decreased, with the medium-dose group showing the optimal effect.

[Conclusion]

Astragalus polysaccharide cansignificantly improve the production performance of dairy cows, enhance antioxidant capacity and immune function, among which 3.0 g/kg addition has the best effect and has high application value in breeding.

Key words

Astragalus polysaccharide / production performance / antioxidant / immune function / dairy cattle

引用本文

李克芳. 黄芪多糖对奶牛生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响. 中国乳业, 2026 , (4) : 33 -38 . DOI: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.06

Kefang LI. Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Production Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Dairy Cows[J]. China Dairy, 2026 , (4) : 33 -38 . DOI: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.06

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2026年第卷第4期

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doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.06

首发时间：2026-08-20
出版时间：2026-04-25

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沂水县动物疫病预防控制中心，山东临沂 276400

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgry/CN/10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.06

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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