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The release of iron in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) poses a severe threat to water supply safety. By establishing a static simulation experimental system to systematically investigate the coupled effects of fulvic acid (FA), sulfate ions (SO₄^2-), and alkalinity (Alk) on iron release in DWDSs and the changes of pipe scale micromorphology, crystalline composition, and elemental speciation. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), a prediction model for iron release was developed, quantitatively characterizing the relative importance of various influencing factors and their interaction intensities. Results showed that under conditions of FA=4mg/L, SO₄^2-=240mg/L, and Alk =100mg/L CaCO₃, iron release reached the maximum of 4.82 and 3.60mg/L for steel and cast iron pipes, respectively. SO₄^2- and FA were positively correlated with iron release, while alkalinity showed negative correlations. The relative influences of these factors followed the order: alkalinity > SO₄^2- > FA.

, authors=Ming-zhou FAN¹, Hui ZHANG^{1, *}, Long WANG¹, Shan ZHANG², Pei-xin JIA¹, Yong-jia FENG¹, Tao WAN³, Yi-meng JI¹, Jing-yu ZHU¹, authorsList=Ming-zhou FAN, Hui ZHANG, Long WANG, Shan ZHANG, Pei-xin JIA, Yong-jia FENG, Tao WAN, Yi-meng JI, Jing-yu ZHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hui ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1314922001530192798, articleId=1314921999487566747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=富里酸、硫酸盐与碱度耦合影响下的给水管网铁释放及管垢铁形态, columnId=1234106386565624579, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=水污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

给水管网中的铁释放问题对水质安全构成严重威胁．通过建立静态模拟实验系统，研究了富里酸（FA）、硫酸根离子（SO₄^2-）和碱度（Alk）耦合作用对管网铁释放行为的影响，揭示了不同水质条件下管垢的微观形貌演变、物相转化和元素赋存形态变化．基于主成分分析（PCA），构建了铁释放预测模型，定量表征了各影响因素的相对重要性及其交互作用强度．结果表明，FA=4mg/L、SO₄^2- =240mg/L、Alk =100mg/L CaCO₃的条件下，钢管和铸铁管中铁释放量达到最大值，分别为4.82和3.60mg/L．SO₄^2-和FA与铁释放量呈正相关关系，而碱度与铁释放量呈负相关关系，且影响程度为：碱度> SO₄^2->FA．

, authors=范明洲¹, 张卉^{1, *}, 王龙¹, 张珊², 贾培馨¹, 冯永嘉¹, 万涛³, 纪怡梦¹, 朱净昱¹, authorsList=范明洲, 张卉, 王龙, 张珊, 贾培馨, 冯永嘉, 万涛, 纪怡梦, 朱净昱, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张卉, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=HBbbUbWldB/tBGvHb0m63A==, magXml=TOaXAY9wFHScpIqhxbElaA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=PZL1YO2cttrs6HoUySgs3w==, pdfFileSize=3327402, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=E7ogG0p5K1iC3mlobKd4Og==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1314922005988737962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314921999487566747, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=13061282965@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1314922006135538604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314921999487566747, authorId=1314922005988737962, language=EN, stringName=Ming-zhou FAN, firstName=Ming-zhou, middleName=null, lastName=FAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1314922006206841773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314921999487566747, authorId=1314922005988737962, language=CN, stringName=范明洲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院，陕西 西安 710055, bio={"content":"

范明洲（2001-），男，山东青岛人，西安建筑科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事给水管网中金属释放研究．13061282965@163.com.

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范明洲（2001-），男，山东青岛人，西安建筑科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事给水管网中金属释放研究．13061282965@163.com.

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