中国环境科学

微生物菌肥施用下微咸水灌溉对盐碱土理化性质与细菌群落的影响

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翟杰 ¹ , 杨树青 ¹^,^* , 刘月 ¹^,² , 陈玙 ¹

中国环境科学 | 土壤污染与控制 2025,45(12): 6749-6761

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中国环境科学 |土壤污染与控制 2025 , 45 (12) : 6749 -6761

微生物菌肥施用下微咸水灌溉对盐碱土理化性质与细菌群落的影响

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翟杰¹, 杨树青¹^,^*, 刘月¹^,², 陈玙¹

作者信息

^1.内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018

^2.通辽职业学院农牧系，内蒙古通辽 028000

通讯作者:

^* 责任作者，教授，nmndysq@126.com

作者简介:

翟杰（2001-），男，内蒙古兴和县人，内蒙古农业大学硕士研究生，主要从事农业水土资源利用与水土环境调控研究．发表论文1篇．zhaijie0105@163.com.

Effects of irrigation with brackish-water on the physicochemical properties and bacterial community of saline-alkali soils under microbial fertilizer application

Jie ZHAI¹, Shu-qing YANG¹^,^*, Yue LIU¹^,², Yu CHEN¹

Affiliations

^1.College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

^2.Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tongliao Vocational College, Tongliao 028000, China

出版时间: 2025-12-20

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摘要

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为探究微生物菌肥施用下微咸水减量灌溉对土壤盐碱化趋势、微生物群落结构与功能的影响，并提出优化灌溉策略，基于河套灌区中度盐渍土，以枸杞为指示作物，开展了微生物菌肥施用下微咸水减量灌溉（W1:180mm、W2:240mm、W3:300mm、CK:330mm）的田间试验．结果表明：相较CK处理，W2处理全盐量在果实膨大期至落叶期降低56.77%，Na⁺含量降低55.87%（除开花期），K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺等产量形成关键期降幅达45.29%~78.28%，土壤钠吸附比（SAR）在果实膨大期和落叶期分别下降33.65%和54.23%．在生育前期W1处理使土壤pH较CK显著升高3.63%（P<0.05），但中后期各处理差异不显著（P<0.05）．微生物群落以变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门为优势菌门，优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属和假单胞菌属．W2处理使酸杆菌门提升28.09%（P<0.05），新鞘氨醇菌属在果实膨大期的相对丰度较CK提升显著，且该菌属与Cl^-含量（P<0.05）及SAR值（P<0.05）显著负相关．在微咸水灌溉下，W2处理显著富集了解淀粉芽孢杆菌（较CK增幅57.6%，P<0.05）并在盛果期促使胶胨样类芽孢杆菌累积．两菌均在落叶期保持富集．功能预测显示化能异养和需氧化能异养为微生物群落主要功能．微咸水减量灌溉使碳氮循环功能菌群丰度分别提升8.25%和36.31%．冗余分析（RDA）表明K⁺、Mg²⁺、Cl^-、Na⁺是驱动菌群结构变化的关键因子．基于主成分分析（PCA）的土壤质量指数（SQI）发现，灌溉需求因枸杞生长发育阶段而异：开花期W3处理SQI提升14.46%，而果实膨大期至落叶期W2处理SQI增幅达381.11%，基于SQI—灌水量模型提出微生物菌肥协同下的适宜微咸水灌水量为240~260mm．

关键词

微咸水 / 微生物菌肥 / 细菌群落 / 土壤理化性质 / 盐碱土

Abstract

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To evaluate the effects of brackish-water deficit irrigation combined with microbial fertilizer on soil salinization, microbial community structure, and predicted functions, a field experiment was conducted on moderately saline-alkaline soils in the Hetao Irrigation District using Lycium barbarum as the indicator crop. Brackish water irrigation depths were set under microbial fertilizer application (W1: 180mm, W2: 240mm, W3: 300mm, CK: 330mm). It was found that, compared with CK, total soil salinity under W2 was reduced by 56.77% from the fruit expansion to defoliation stages, and Na⁺ was reduced by 55.87% (excluding the flowering stage). During critical yield-formation stages, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were decreased by 45.29%~78.28%. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) was decreased by 33.65% and 54.23% at the fruit expansion and leaf drop stages, respectively. In early growth stage, soil pH was increased by 3.63% under W1(P<0.05), whereas no significant differences among treatments were detected thereafter (P>0.05). The bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, with Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas as predominant genera. Under W2, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria was increased by 28.09% (P<0.05), and during the fruit expansion stage the relative abundance of Sphingomonas was significantly higher than under CK; this genus was significantly negatively with Cl^- content (P<0.05) and SAR value (P<0.01). Under brackish water irrigation, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was selectively enriched under W2 (57.6% relative to CK; P<0.05), and accumulation of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus at the peak fruiting stage was promoted; enrichment of both taxa was maintained through defoliation.Functional prediction indicated that chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were the primary community functions, and the abundances of carbon- and nitrogen-cycling functional groups were increased by 8.25% and 36.31%, respectively, under deficit brackish-water irrigation. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that K⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, and Na⁺ were the key drivers of microbial community variation, with a cumulative explanatory rate of 54.65%. The soil quality index (SQI) based on principal component analysis (PCA) indicated stage-dependent irrigation demand: at the flowering stage, W3increased SQI by 14.46%, whereas from the fruit expansion to defoliation, SQI under the W2 increased by 381.11%. On the basis of the SQI-irrigation volume model, an optimal brackish-water irrigation depth of 240~260mm under microbial fertilizer application was proposed.

Key words

brackish-water / microbial fertilizer / bacterial community / soil physicalchemical properties / saline-alkaline soils

引用本文

翟杰, 杨树青, 刘月, 陈玙. 微生物菌肥施用下微咸水灌溉对盐碱土理化性质与细菌群落的影响. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (12) : 6749 -6761 .

Jie ZHAI, Shu-qing YANG, Yue LIU, Yu CHEN. Effects of irrigation with brackish-water on the physicochemical properties and bacterial community of saline-alkali soils under microbial fertilizer application[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (12) : 6749 -6761 .

基金

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52179037; 52069023)
一流学科科研专项项目(YLXKZX-NND-022)

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2025年第45卷第12期

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接收时间：2025-05-08
首发时间：2026-10-08
出版时间：2025-12-20

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收稿日期：2025-05-08

基金

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52179037; 52069023)

一流学科科研专项项目(YLXKZX-NND-022)

作者信息

^1.内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018

^2.通辽职业学院农牧系，内蒙古通辽 028000

通讯作者:

^* 责任作者，教授，nmndysq@126.com

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/1314918556412769117

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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