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With the escalating problem of nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems, heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria have gained considerable attention due to their capability for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. This technology presents benefits over conventional segmented treatment, such as high efficiency and strong adaptability. Nevertheless, there are still issues with the actual applications of HN-AD bacteria, such as unstable nitrogen removal, poor microbial community stability, and uncertain metabolic mechanisms. In this paper, the research methods applied in HN-AD studies, encompassing the techniques for isolation, screening of functional strains, as well as factors influencing nitrogen removal, were comprehensively reviewed. The application of modern omics technologies in elucidating HN-AD metabolic pathways was also discussed. Six key strategies for nitrogen removal enhancement were analyzed in detail: bacterial immobilization, co-cultivation of multiple strains, breeding of high-efficiency strains, regulation of intermediate metabolites, optimization of electron transfer, and quorum sensing interference. Furthermore, their underlying mechanisms for improving nitrogen removal efficiency was also systematically elucidated. Finally, the prospective research directions for HN-AD bacteria were put forward, aiming to provide valuable insights for translating this technology from laboratory research to engineering applications.

, authors=Xiang-qian CHE¹, Na LIN¹, Xin-min JIN¹, Qian-gang YANG¹, Sheng-na LIANG¹, Fang FENG², Fen-ju QIN^{2, *}, Wen-chao ZHANG^{2, **}, authorsList=Xiang-qian CHE, Na LIN, Xin-min JIN, Qian-gang YANG, Sheng-na LIANG, Fang FENG, Fen-ju QIN, Wen-chao ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fen-ju QIN, Wen-chao ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1314918509558198780, articleId=1314918509105213946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=异养硝化好氧反硝化菌的研究方法及脱氮增强策略研究进展, columnId=1234106386565624579, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=水污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

随着水体氮污染问题日益严峻，异养硝化好氧反硝化（HN-AD）菌因其能实现同步硝化反硝化而备受关注．该技术突破了传统分段处理限制，兼具高效、适应性强等优势，但实际应用仍面临脱氮不稳定、菌群稳定性差及代谢机制不明等挑战．本文系统梳理了HN-AD菌的研究方法现状，包括功能菌的分离筛选及脱氮影响因素的研究手段，探讨了现代组学技术在揭示其代谢途径中的应用潜力．重点评述了6种关键强化脱氮的技术：细菌固定化，多菌种共培养，高效菌株选育，中间产物调控，电子传递优化及群体感应干预，阐明了其提升脱氮效率的作用机制．最后，对HN-AD菌的未来研究方向进行了展望，以期为该技术从实验室研究向工程化应用的转化提供一定参考．

, authors=车向前¹, 林娜¹, 金新民¹, 杨乾罡¹, 梁胜娜¹, 冯芳², 秦粉菊^{2, *}, 张文超^{2, **}, authorsList=车向前, 林娜, 金新民, 杨乾罡, 梁胜娜, 冯芳, 秦粉菊, 张文超, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=秦粉菊, 张文超, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=KFNDURNZyY21IP+kClz/FQ==, magXml=M5iatfqD76WqaHo2qbtC0g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ijbfe5GZDm7JkNc/lOpaJQ==, pdfFileSize=1628157, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Lqg0uPsGqSzRDfyXuhuLHA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1314918511407886852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918509105213946, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lkkjyxkzb@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1314918511554687494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918509105213946, authorId=1314918511407886852, language=EN, stringName=Xiang-qian CHE, firstName=Xiang-qian, middleName=null, lastName=CHE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.Lukong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1314918511621796359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918509105213946, authorId=1314918511407886852, language=CN, stringName=车向前, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=¹, address=^1.鲁控环保科技有限公司，江苏 苏州 215000, bio={"content":"

车向前（1986-），男，山东烟台人，高级工程师，本科，主要从事餐厨废弃物无害化处理及废水生物脱氮方向．发表论文10篇．lkkjyxkzb@163.com.

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车向前（1986-），男，山东烟台人，高级工程师，本科，主要从事餐厨废弃物无害化处理及废水生物脱氮方向．发表论文10篇．lkkjyxkzb@163.com.

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