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In response to the challenges of unclear sources and unknown pathways of cadmium pollution and its traceability in China, the material flow analysis method was employed to construct a cadmium material flow analysis framework covering the entire life cycle from resource extraction to the social economic system and final discharge into the environment. This framework was applied to quantify the flows and stocks of cadmium within China from 2010 to 2020, supported by an uncertainty analysis of the data. The results show that domestic extraction and production is the main source of cadmium input in China, while the proportion of foreign trade in imported cadmium is gradually increasing. Driven by the growth of new energy sectors such as lithium batteries, the use of nickel-cadmium batteries declined rapidly, making PVC heat stabilizers the dominant cadmium-containing product in China.Non-ferrous metal smelting was the largest contributor to cadmium emissions, accounting for over 60% of the total; cadmium emissions peaked in 2013, with cadmium in the form of solid waste accounting for 96.42%, cadmium entering the atmosphere and water accounting for 3.54% and 0.04%. In addition, this study found that the cadmium stock in the socio-economic system is increasing at an average annual growth rate of 27.32%. Over all, the growth trend of cadmium production and demand in China has slowed down significantly,and the composition of input sources remains relatively stable. the pollution caused by the various stages of cadmium production in China mainly enters the environment in the form of solid waste, and the management of cadmium-containing waste should be strengthened. Concurrently, accelerating the development of clean and resource-recycling technologies for end-of-life cadmium products is crucial to mitigating the rapidly growing societal stock.

, authors=Lu BAI^{1, *}, Jie-fu ZHOU^{1, 2}, Wen XU¹, Xiao-yun ZHOU¹, Yue ZHANG¹, Yuan-yuan SUN¹, Zhi-lin YANG¹, Qi YANG², authorsList=Lu BAI, Jie-fu ZHOU, Wen XU, Xiao-yun ZHOU, Yue ZHANG, Yuan-yuan SUN, Zhi-lin YANG, Qi YANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lu BAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1314918485797462474, articleId=1314918485277368776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=我国社会经济系统重金属镉物质流定量评估与管控策略, columnId=1234106419604157142, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=环境影响评价与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对我国镉污染及溯源存在的来源不清、路径不明等问题，运用物质流分析方法，构建了镉元素基于资源开采到社会经济系统流动并最终排放至环境的全生命周期的镉物质流分析框架，对2010~2020年我国社会经济系统中镉的流动和存量进行了研究，并对数据进行了不确定性分析．结果表明：①国内开采与加工是我国镉的主要输入来源，与此同时国外进口镉贸易占比在逐渐上升．②由于锂电池等新能源电池的发展，镍镉电池使用量开始迅速下降，使得PVC热稳定剂成为当前国内使用量最多的含镉产品．③有色金属冶炼是主要的镉污染排放贡献来源，排放量占比达60%以上；镉排放量在2013年达到峰值，以固废形态存在的镉约占96.42%，进入大气和水体的镉分别占3.54%和0.04%．④社会经济系统中镉存量以年均增长率27.32%的速度快速增长．研究显示，我国镉产量及需求量增长趋势已经放缓，输入来源构成相对稳定．我国镉各阶段生产所造成的污染主要以固废的形式进入环境，应加大对含镉废物的管理力度；同时应加快探索含镉产品及其废弃物的清洁化、资源化回收利用技术途径，以逐步消纳快速增长的社会镉库存量．

, authors=白璐^{1, *}, 周杰甫^{1, 2}, 许文¹, 周潇云¹, 张玥¹, 孙园园¹, 杨智临¹, 杨琦², authorsList=白璐, 周杰甫, 许文, 周潇云, 张玥, 孙园园, 杨智临, 杨琦, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=白璐, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=EWk9wqsQEOyl6fvIzuUUDw==, magXml=e7XCwviocrcb1WiUeit2dQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=KpyF7d7nwNK1k/zecvXfFA==, pdfFileSize=5635739, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Hklg9/HK7YwDhWIrisYbAg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1314918486141395410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918485277368776, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bailu@craes.org.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1314918486212698580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918485277368776, authorId=1314918486141395410, language=EN, stringName=Lu BAI, firstName=Lu, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=^{1, *}, address=^1.Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, National Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Beijing 100012, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1314918486275613141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1314918485277368776, authorId=1314918486141395410, language=CN, stringName=白璐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=^{1, *}, address=^1.中国环境科学研究院，国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室，北京 100012, bio={"content":"

白璐（1984-），女，新疆昌吉人，研究员，博士，主要从事工业污染防治与产业生态学研究．发表论文50余篇．bailu@craes.org.cn.

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白璐（1984-），女，新疆昌吉人，研究员，博士，主要从事工业污染防治与产业生态学研究．发表论文50余篇．bailu@craes.org.cn.

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