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This study constructed a data-driven RF-LSTM model to predict Total Nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the Haihe River, based on monitoring data from 69 water quality stations collected between 2021 and 2024. By coupling the Random Forest (RF) algorithm with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, the model also explored the spatiotemporal variation and key influencing factors of TN. Results showed that TN concentrations were relatively high in 2021 and lower in 2022, with annual averages ranging from 4.97 to 5.22mg/L. Across the five watersheds, TN levels displayed a U-shaped seasonal pattern, peaking in January and February and reaching the lowest levels in August. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were identified as the main influencing factors. TN concentration showed a highly significant negative correlation with temperature and a highly significant positive correlation with dissolved oxygen. The RF-LSTM model outperformed the traditional standalone LSTM model in prediction accuracy (R2:0.830~0.939, R2:0.818~0.931) and demonstrated stronger generalization performance.

, authors=Hao WANG1, Kai-lu GAO1, Gao-fei YIN1, Xue-ying SUN2, Yi-hang LIU1, Xu-lin ZHANG1, Feng WANG3, Meng-yu ZHAI4, Jia-bao WANG1, Zhao-hui LI1, Hong-da WEN1, Wen-chao LI1, *, authorsList=Hao WANG, Kai-lu GAO, Gao-fei YIN, Xue-ying SUN, Yi-hang LIU, Xu-lin ZHANG, Feng WANG, Meng-yu ZHAI, Jia-bao WANG, Zhao-hui LI, Hong-da WEN, Wen-chao LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wen-chao LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1314917585641108231, articleId=1314917585112625925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=海河流域河流氮素变化趋势及关键因子识别, columnId=1234106388268503686, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=环境生态, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于2021~2024年海河流域69个水质监测站的监测数据,通过耦合随机森林模型(RF)和长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM)构建了TN浓度预测的RF-LSTM数据驱动模型,并探究了TN浓度的时空变化规律及主要影响因素.结果表明:2021年TN浓度较高,2022年TN浓度较低,年均值变化在4.97~5.22mg/L;5个子流域TN浓度年内呈U型的季节变化特征,TN浓度最高值出现在1月和2月,最低值出现在8月;水温和溶解氧浓度是影响海河流域水体TN浓度的关键因子,水温与TN浓度呈极显著负相关,溶解氧浓度与TN浓度呈极显著正相关;RF-LSTM数据驱动模型的预测效果(R2:0.830~0.939)优于传统单一LSTM(R2:0.818~0.931)模型,且RF-LSTM数据驱动模型具有更强的泛化性能.

, authors=汪昊1, 高凯璐1, 尹高飞1, 孙学莹2, 刘一航1, 张旭琳1, 王凤3, 翟梦瑜4, 王佳宝1, 李昭慧1, 文宏达1, 李文超1, *, authorsList=汪昊, 高凯璐, 尹高飞, 孙学莹, 刘一航, 张旭琳, 王凤, 翟梦瑜, 王佳宝, 李昭慧, 文宏达, 李文超, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李文超, authorNote=

汪昊(1996-),男,辽宁锦州人,河北农业大学硕士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染研究..

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* 责任作者,副教授,
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汪昊(1996-),男,辽宁锦州人,河北农业大学硕士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染研究..

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海河流域河流氮素变化趋势及关键因子识别
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汪昊 1 , 高凯璐 1 , 尹高飞 1 , 孙学莹 2 , 刘一航 1 , 张旭琳 1 , 王凤 3 , 翟梦瑜 4 , 王佳宝 1 , 李昭慧 1 , 文宏达 1 , 李文超 1, *
中国环境科学 | 环境生态 2025,45(7): 3968-3977
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中国环境科学 |环境生态 2025 , 45 (7) : 3968 -3977
海河流域河流氮素变化趋势及关键因子识别
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汪昊1 , 高凯璐1, 尹高飞1, 孙学莹2, 刘一航1, 张旭琳1, 王凤3, 翟梦瑜4, 王佳宝1, 李昭慧1, 文宏达1, 李文超1, *
作者信息
  • 1.河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071000
  • 2.天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津 300072
  • 3.北京师范大学地理科学学部,地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京 100875
  • 4.北京工业大学循环经济研究院,北京 100124
通讯作者:
* 责任作者,副教授,
作者简介:

汪昊(1996-),男,辽宁锦州人,河北农业大学硕士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染研究..

Identification of river nitrogen trends and key factors in the Haihe River
Hao WANG1 , Kai-lu GAO1, Gao-fei YIN1, Xue-ying SUN2, Yi-hang LIU1, Xu-lin ZHANG1, Feng WANG3, Meng-yu ZHAI4, Jia-bao WANG1, Zhao-hui LI1, Hong-da WEN1, Wen-chao LI1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
  • 2.School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
  • 3.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 4.Institute of Circular Economy, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
出版时间: 2025-07-20
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基于2021~2024年海河流域69个水质监测站的监测数据,通过耦合随机森林模型(RF)和长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM)构建了TN浓度预测的RF-LSTM数据驱动模型,并探究了TN浓度的时空变化规律及主要影响因素.结果表明:2021年TN浓度较高,2022年TN浓度较低,年均值变化在4.97~5.22mg/L;5个子流域TN浓度年内呈U型的季节变化特征,TN浓度最高值出现在1月和2月,最低值出现在8月;水温和溶解氧浓度是影响海河流域水体TN浓度的关键因子,水温与TN浓度呈极显著负相关,溶解氧浓度与TN浓度呈极显著正相关;RF-LSTM数据驱动模型的预测效果(R2:0.830~0.939)优于传统单一LSTM(R2:0.818~0.931)模型,且RF-LSTM数据驱动模型具有更强的泛化性能.

海河流域  /  时空变化规律  /  影响因子  /  机器学习

This study constructed a data-driven RF-LSTM model to predict Total Nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the Haihe River, based on monitoring data from 69 water quality stations collected between 2021 and 2024. By coupling the Random Forest (RF) algorithm with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, the model also explored the spatiotemporal variation and key influencing factors of TN. Results showed that TN concentrations were relatively high in 2021 and lower in 2022, with annual averages ranging from 4.97 to 5.22mg/L. Across the five watersheds, TN levels displayed a U-shaped seasonal pattern, peaking in January and February and reaching the lowest levels in August. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were identified as the main influencing factors. TN concentration showed a highly significant negative correlation with temperature and a highly significant positive correlation with dissolved oxygen. The RF-LSTM model outperformed the traditional standalone LSTM model in prediction accuracy (R2:0.830~0.939, R2:0.818~0.931) and demonstrated stronger generalization performance.

Haihe River  /  temporal and spatial patterns of change  /  influence factors  /  machine learning
汪昊, 高凯璐, 尹高飞, 孙学莹, 刘一航, 张旭琳, 王凤, 翟梦瑜, 王佳宝, 李昭慧, 文宏达, 李文超. 海河流域河流氮素变化趋势及关键因子识别. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (7) : 3968 -3977 .
Hao WANG, Kai-lu GAO, Gao-fei YIN, Xue-ying SUN, Yi-hang LIU, Xu-lin ZHANG, Feng WANG, Meng-yu ZHAI, Jia-bao WANG, Zhao-hui LI, Hong-da WEN, Wen-chao LI. Identification of river nitrogen trends and key factors in the Haihe River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (7) : 3968 -3977 .
  • 云南省重大科技专项(202402AE090024)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(42477441)
  • 河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20230337)
  • 河北省中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(246Z3607G)
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  • 接收时间:2024-12-02
  • 首发时间:2026-10-08
  • 出版时间:2025-07-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-02
基金
云南省重大科技专项(202402AE090024)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42477441)
河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20230337)
河北省中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(246Z3607G)
作者信息
    1.河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071000
    2.天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津 300072
    3.北京师范大学地理科学学部,地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京 100875
    4.北京工业大学循环经济研究院,北京 100124

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* 责任作者,副教授,
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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