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This review summarizes the extracellular electron transfer mechanisms in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) systems and strategies for their enhancement, categorizing the influence mechanisms of carbon-based materials on anammox bacteria into three aspects: conductivity of carbon-based materials, functional groups on their surfaces, and interactions between microbial communities and extracellular polymeric substances. Studies have demonstrated that biochar, activated carbon, carbon nanomaterials, and iron-carbon composites can regulate the anammox process by mediating extracellular electron transfer. Carbon-based materials primarily enhance anammox performance through shortening reactor start-up periods, improving nitrogen removal efficiency, and alleviating pollutant inhibition effects. These materials not only effectively enrich microorganisms but also promote the stability enhancement of granular sludge, demonstrating significant application potential in anammox systems. Future research should focus on material modification to further improve the sustainability of carbon-based materials in practical applications.

, authors=Shuang HAN¹, Meng-jiao GAO¹, Hui-min FU^{1, 2}, You-peng CHEN^{1, *}, authorsList=Shuang HAN, Meng-jiao GAO, Hui-min FU, You-peng CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=You-peng CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1314917545094774990, articleId=1314917544432074956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=碳基材料对厌氧氨氧化菌胞外电子传递的影响, columnId=1234106386565624579, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=水污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文综述了厌氧氨氧化体系中的胞外电子传递方式及强化手段，将碳基材料对厌氧氨氧化菌胞外电子传递的影响机制归纳为3个方面：碳基材料的导电性、碳基材料表面官能团的作用以及富集微生物与胞外聚合物的交互作用．研究表明，生物炭、活性炭、碳纳米材料和铁碳复合材料能够通过介导胞外电子传递而影响厌氧氨氧化过程．碳基材料主要通过缩短反应器启动时间、提高脱氮性能和减轻污染物抑制影响厌氧氨氧化，不仅能有效富集微生物，还能促进颗粒污泥稳定性增强，具有应用于厌氧氨氧化领域的潜力．未来的研究可关注碳基材料的改性，进一步提升碳基材料的可持续运用能力．

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韩双（1999-），女，四川德阳人，重庆大学硕士研究生，研究方向为水污染治理技术．1979037491@qq.com.

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韩双（1999-），女，四川德阳人，重庆大学硕士研究生，研究方向为水污染治理技术．1979037491@qq.com.

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