首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1241408715874685911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241408710791189399, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730304000000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773904502123, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1745078400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773904502123, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773904502123, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773904502123, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241408710791189399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, year='2025', volume='45', issue='4', pageStart='1777', pageEnd='2368', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773904500911, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773904624658, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241409229878259747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241408710791189399, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241409229878259748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241408710791189399, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1963, endPage=1972, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241408716877124583, articleId=1241408715874685911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=EN, title=Boosted electrochemical degradation of organic wastewater by incorporating tourmaline into magnetically assembled electrodes, columnId=1234106386360103680, journalTitle=China Environmental Science, columnName=Water Pollution Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To address the issue of insufficient polarization of auxiliary electrodes (AEs) in magnetically assembled electrodes, five types of magnetically assembled electrodes were constructed using five different AEs: CNT/Fe3O4、Fe3O4/MnO2、Fe3O4/Co3O4、Fe3O4/RuO2, and ferrocarbon particles (FC). This study examined the effects of tourmaline on the electrochemical performance of each electrode and its impact on wastewater treatment efficiency. The results demonstrate that tourmaline can significantly enhance the polarization process of AEs, increase the active surface area of the electrodes by up to 28.47%, improve the degradation efficiency of simulated acid red G wastewater by up to 108.06%, and enhance the mineralization efficiency of real petrochemical wastewater by up to 10.61%.

, correspAuthors=Dan SHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu-jing LYU, Dan SHAO, Ya-ru WANG, Hao-jie SONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241408721285337393, articleId=1241408715874685911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=电气石促进磁组装电极电化学降解有机废水, columnId=1234106386565624579, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=水污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为解决磁组装电极副电极极化不足的问题，本研究基于CNT/Fe3O4、Fe3O4/MnO2、Fe3O4/Co3O4、Fe3O4/RuO2及铁碳颗粒(FC)五种副电极构建了五类磁组装电极，考察了电气石对各电极电化学性能以及电化学氧化降解废水效率的影响.结果表明，电气石能够有效促进副电极的极化，显著增大电极活性面积(最高28.47%)，提高酸性红G模拟废水的降解效率(最高108.06%)和实际石化废水的矿化效率(最高10.61%).

, correspAuthors=邵丹, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 责任作者，副教授，
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=bB7h6zuI25soPvk4PBAObg==, magXml=pbM8ggqQvI5O7tTaVG/o6g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=9S7jQTMevw3oEHmKDMB4gQ==, pdfFileSize=4531339, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=4gVpsA1PnnUpCsJrYtKZYg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=NGX4FZ6Z32LN1UQ+WcK1zA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

吕玉静(2000-)，女，陕西咸阳人，陕西科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事电化学氧化水处理研究.发表论文1篇..

, authorsList=吕玉静, 邵丹, 王雅茹, 宋浩杰)}, authors=[Author(id=1241408721734127972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=201802020706@sust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241408721838985585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408721734127972, language=EN, stringName=Yu-jing LYU, firstName=Yu-jing, middleName=null, lastName=LYU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241408721960620414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408721734127972, language=CN, stringName=吕玉静, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021, bio={"content":"

吕玉静(2000-)，女，陕西咸阳人，陕西科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事电化学氧化水处理研究.发表论文1篇..

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

吕玉静(2000-)，女，陕西咸阳人，陕西科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事电化学氧化水处理研究.发表论文1篇..

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241408721566355793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721578938707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721587327316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021)])]), Author(id=1241408722254221711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=shaodan@sust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241408722413605273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408722254221711, language=EN, stringName=Dan SHAO, firstName=Dan, middleName=null, lastName=SHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241408722543628708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408722254221711, language=CN, stringName=邵丹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241408721566355793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721578938707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721587327316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021)])]), Author(id=1241408722703012273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241408722870784452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408722703012273, language=EN, stringName=Ya-ru WANG, firstName=Ya-ru, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241408723005002199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408722703012273, language=CN, stringName=王雅茹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241408721566355793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721578938707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721587327316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021)])]), Author(id=1241408723210523116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241408723344740866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408723210523116, language=EN, stringName=Hao-jie SONG, firstName=Hao-jie, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241408723508318737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, authorId=1241408723210523116, language=CN, stringName=宋浩杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241408721566355793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721578938707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721587327316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241408723659313705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=electrochemical oxidation), Keyword(id=1241408723797725758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=wastewater treatment), Keyword(id=1241408723940332110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=magnetically assembled electrode), Keyword(id=1241408724078744157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=tourmaline), Keyword(id=1241408724238127737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=energy conversion), Keyword(id=1241408724393317001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=电化学氧化), Keyword(id=1241408724510757533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=废水处理), Keyword(id=1241408724636586668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=磁组装电极), Keyword(id=1241408724733055676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=电气石), Keyword(id=1241408724879856326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=能量转换)], refs=[Reference(id=1241408728864444486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=z2, pageStart=23, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=杨瑞锋, 贾波, 冯庆, journalName=材料导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨瑞锋，贾波，冯庆，等.钛涂层阳极的失活机制及改进方法的研究进展[J]. 材料导报，2023，37(z2):23-28., articleTitle=钛涂层阳极的失活机制及改进方法的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729011245150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=z2, pageStart=23, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Yang R F, Jia B, Feng Q, journalName=Materials Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang R F，Jia B，Feng Q，et al. Research progress in deactivation mechanism and improvement methods of Titanium-coated anode [J]. Materials Reports，2023，37(z2):23-28., articleTitle=Research progress in deactivation mechanism and improvement methods of Titanium-coated anode, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729183211629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=406, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Carretero D S, Huang C P, Tzeng J H, journalName=Journal of Hazardous Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Carretero D S，Huang C P，Tzeng J H，et al. The recovery of sulfuric acid from spent piranha solution over a dimensionally stable anode(DSA) Ti-RuO2 electrode [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2021，406:124658., articleTitle=The recovery of sulfuric acid from spent piranha solution over a dimensionally stable anode(DSA) Ti-RuO2 electrode, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729325817981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=41, issue=2, pageStart=4037, pageEnd=4048, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=曹炼, 张居奎, 林英姿, journalName=河南化工, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曹炼，张居奎，林英姿，等. PbO2电极在电催化氧化领域中的应用[J]. 河南化工，2024，41(2):4037-4048., articleTitle=PbO2电极在电催化氧化领域中的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729627807898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=41, issue=2, pageStart=4037, pageEnd=4048, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Cao L, Zhang J K, Lin Y Z, journalName=HeNan Chemical Industry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cao L，Zhang J K，Lin Y Z，et al. The application of PbO2 electrode in the field of electrocatalytic oxidation [J]. HeNan Chemical Industry，2024，41(2):4037-4048., articleTitle=The application of PbO2 electrode in the field of electrocatalytic oxidation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729795580071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=吴渴, 朱米家, 杨逸, journalName=化学与生物工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴渴，朱米家，杨逸，等.电催化阳极材料在难降解有机废水处理中的研究进展[J]. 化学与生物工程，2022，39(9):1-6., articleTitle=电催化阳极材料在难降解有机废水处理中的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408729967546551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Wu K, Zhu M J, Yang Y, journalName=Chemistry & Bioengineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu K，Zhu M J，Yang Y，et al. Research progress of electrocatalytic anode materials in treatment of refractory organic wastewater [J]. Chemistry & Bioengineering，2022，39(9):1-6., articleTitle=Research progress of electrocatalytic anode materials in treatment of refractory organic wastewater, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730093375688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=301, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Shao D, Li W J, Wang Z K, journalName=Separation and Purification Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao D，Li W J，Wang Z K，et al. Variable activity and selectivity for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment using a magnetically assembled electrode based on Ti/PbO2 and carbon nanotubes [J]. Separation and Purification Technology，2022，301:122008., articleTitle=Variable activity and selectivity for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment using a magnetically assembled electrode based on Ti/PbO2 and carbon nanotubes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730248564952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=395, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Zhang X L, Shao D, Lyu W, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X L，Shao D，Lyu W，et al. Design of magnetically assembled electrode (MAE) with Ti/PbO2and heterogeneous auxiliary electrodes(AEs): The functionality of AEs for efficient electrochemical oxidation [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2020，395:125145., articleTitle=Design of magnetically assembled electrode (MAE) with Ti/PbO2and heterogeneous auxiliary electrodes(AEs): The functionality of AEs for efficient electrochemical oxidation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730395365605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=390, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Shao D, Zhang Y Y, Lyu W, journalName=Journal of Hazardous Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao D，Zhang Y Y，Lyu W，et al. A modular functionalized anode for efficient electrochemical oxidation of wastewater: Inseparable synergy between OER anode and its magnetic auxiliary electrodes [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2020，390:122174., articleTitle=A modular functionalized anode for efficient electrochemical oxidation of wastewater: Inseparable synergy between OER anode and its magnetic auxiliary electrodes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730517000440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=421, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Zhang Y Y, Zhang C P, Shao D, journalName=Journal of Hazardous Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y Y，Zhang C P，Shao D，et al. Magnetically assembled electrodes based on Pt，RuO2-IrO2-TiO2and Sb-SnO2for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater featured by fluctuant Cl-concentration [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2022，421:126803., articleTitle=Magnetically assembled electrodes based on Pt，RuO2-IrO2-TiO2and Sb-SnO2for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater featured by fluctuant Cl-concentration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730756075781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=361, issue=null, pageStart=862, pageEnd=873, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Zhang X L, Shao D, Lyu W, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X L，Shao D，Lyu W，et al. Utilizing discarded SiC heating rod to fabricate SiC/Sb-SnO2 anode for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2019，361:862-873., articleTitle=Utilizing discarded SiC heating rod to fabricate SiC/Sb-SnO2 anode for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408730890293529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=53, issue=8, pageStart=4406, pageEnd=4415, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Pei S Z, Shen C, Zhang C H, journalName=Environmental Science & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pei S Z，Shen C，Zhang C H，et al. Characterization of the interfacial joule heating effect in the electrochemical advanced oxidation process [J]. Environmental Science & Technology，2019，53(8):4406-4415., articleTitle=Characterization of the interfacial joule heating effect in the electrochemical advanced oxidation process, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731016122659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=197, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Zhang Z W, Cai W W, Hong R D, journalName=Nanoscale Research Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Z W，Cai W W，Hong R D，et al. Raman spectroscopy of multi-layer graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC by joule heat decomposition [J]. Nanoscale Research Letters，2018，13(1):197., articleTitle=Raman spectroscopy of multi-layer graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC by joule heat decomposition, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731146146095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=11, pageStart=3493, pageEnd=3500, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Zheng Y P, Yu D H, Xu W, journalName=Dalton Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zheng Y P，Yu D H，Xu W，et al. Robust FeCoP nanoparticles grown on a rGO-coated Ni foam as an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst for excellent alkaline and seawater electrolysis [J]. Dalton Transactions，2023，52(11):3493-3500., articleTitle=Robust FeCoP nanoparticles grown on a rGO-coated Ni foam as an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst for excellent alkaline and seawater electrolysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731297141050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=9, pageStart=1702, pageEnd=1712, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=张妍, 车俊岭, 贾艳敏, journalName=工程科学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张妍，车俊岭，贾艳敏.铁电材料催化抗菌研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报，2024，46(9):1702-1712., articleTitle=铁电材料催化抗菌研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731464913220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=46, issue=9, pageStart=1702, pageEnd=1712, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Zhang Y, Che J L, Jia Y M, journalName=Chinese Journal of Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y，Che J L，Jia Y M，Research progress on ferroelectric catalytic materials for antimicrobials [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering，2024，46(9):1702-1712., articleTitle=Research progress on ferroelectric catalytic materials for antimicrobials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731599130961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=66, issue=16, pageStart=305, pageEnd=315, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=17, authorNames=吴化平, 令欢, 张征, journalName=物理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴化平，令欢，张征，等.铁电材料光催化活性的研究进展[J]. 物理学报，2017，66(16):305-315., articleTitle=铁电材料光催化活性的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731750125920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=66, issue=16, pageStart=305, pageEnd=315, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Wu H P, Ling H, Zhang Z, journalName=Acta Physica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu H P，Ling H，Zhang Z，et al. Research progress on photocatalytic activity of ferroelectric materials [J]. Acta Physica Sinica，2017，66(16):305-315., articleTitle=Research progress on photocatalytic activity of ferroelectric materials, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408731875955054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=437, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Zhu Y S, Qiu S, Tang W W, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Y S，Qiu S，Tang W W，et al. Sustainable Fe3+ reduction by Fe3O4@tourmaline in fenton-like system [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2022，437:135480., articleTitle=Sustainable Fe3+ reduction by Fe3O4@tourmaline in fenton-like system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732022755703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=436, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Qi Y W, Cao H M, Pan W J, journalName=Journal of Hazardous Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qi Y W，Cao H M，Pan W J，et al. The role of dissolved organic matter during per- and polyfluorinated substance (PFAS) adsorption，degradation，and plant uptake: a review [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2022，436:129139., articleTitle=The role of dissolved organic matter during per- and polyfluorinated substance (PFAS) adsorption，degradation，and plant uptake: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732123419010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=460, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Sun S J, Li J X, Ding H, journalName=Chemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun S J，Li J X，Ding H，et al. Engineered tourmaline/g-C3N4composites for photocatalytic Fenton-like oxidation: synergy of spontaneous interface polarization and surface iron circulations induced by minerals [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2023，460:141718., articleTitle=Engineered tourmaline/g-C3N4composites for photocatalytic Fenton-like oxidation: synergy of spontaneous interface polarization and surface iron circulations induced by minerals, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732228276621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=5, pageStart=45, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=刘兆勋, 李祥瑞, 秦泽秀, journalName=化工新型材料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘兆勋，李祥瑞，秦泽秀，等.超细电气石复合材料的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料，2024，52(5):45-51., articleTitle=超细电气石复合材料的制备及应用研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732396048794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=5, pageStart=45, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Liu Z X, Li X R, Qin Z X, journalName=New Chemical Materials, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Z X，Li X R，Qin Z X，et al. Progress in preparation and application of ultrafine tourmaline composites [J]. New Chemical Materials，2024，52(5):45-51., articleTitle=Progress in preparation and application of ultrafine tourmaline composites, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732521877927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Shao D, Wang Y R, Li P, journalName=Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao D，Wang Y R，Li P，et al. Integrating natural tourmaline with energy conversion ability to magnetically assembled electrode:Boosted electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment performance [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering，2024，12(1):111664., articleTitle=Integrating natural tourmaline with energy conversion ability to magnetically assembled electrode:Boosted electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732647707054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=7, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Zhang F X, Shao D, Yang C A, journalName=Catalysts, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang F X，Shao D，Yang C A，et al. New magnetically assembled electrode consisting of magnetic activated carbon particles and Ti/Sb-SnO2for a more flexible and cost-effective electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment [J]. Catalysts，2022，13(1):7., articleTitle=New magnetically assembled electrode consisting of magnetic activated carbon particles and Ti/Sb-SnO2for a more flexible and cost-effective electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732773536190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=58, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Yang C A, Zhao W P, Wang Z K, journalName=Journal of Water Process Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang C A，Zhao W P，Wang Z K，et al. New hierarchical Ti/SnO2-PbO2/CNT electrode: Enhanced electrochemical properties and improved electrochemical oxidation towards various real wastewaters [J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering，2024，58:104889., articleTitle=New hierarchical Ti/SnO2-PbO2/CNT electrode: Enhanced electrochemical properties and improved electrochemical oxidation towards various real wastewaters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408732895171025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=496, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Li K, Chen C, Zhang H B, journalName=Applied Surface Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li K，Chen C，Zhang H B，et al. Effects of phase structure of MnO2 and morphology of δ-MnO2 on toluene catalytic oxidation [J]. Applied Surface Science，2019，496:143662., articleTitle=Effects of phase structure of MnO2 and morphology of δ-MnO2 on toluene catalytic oxidation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408733054554591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=16, pageStart=23, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=28, authorNames=杨森, 王雁, 李乐琰, journalName=电镀与涂饰, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨森，王雁，李乐琰，等.Ir对TiO2-RuO2涂层钛电极析氯性能的影响[J]. 电镀与涂饰，2023，42(16):23-32., articleTitle=Ir对TiO2-RuO2涂层钛电极析氯性能的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408733243298282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=16, pageStart=23, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Yang S, Wang Y, Li L Y, journalName=Electroplating& Finishing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang S，Wang Y，Li L Y，Effect of iridium on chlorine evolution performance of titanium-ruthenium oxide electrode [J]. Electroplating& Finishing，2023，42(16):23-32., articleTitle=Effect of iridium on chlorine evolution performance of titanium-ruthenium oxide electrode, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408733419459067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Zhao Z L, Yang S X, Wang S S, journalName=Advanced Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Z L，Yang S X，Wang S S，et al. Isolated rhodium atoms activate porous TiO2 for enhanced electrocatalytic conversion of nitrate to ammonia [J]. Advanced Science，2024，2411705., articleTitle=Isolated rhodium atoms activate porous TiO2 for enhanced electrocatalytic conversion of nitrate to ammonia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408733562065414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=6, issue=6, pageStart=4858, pageEnd=4866, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Shao D, Chu W, Li X L, journalName=RSC advances, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao D，Chu W，Li X L，et al. Electrochemical oxidation of guaiacol to increase its biodegradability or just remove COD in terms of anodes and electrolytes [J]. RSC advances，2016，6(6):4858-4866., articleTitle=Electrochemical oxidation of guaiacol to increase its biodegradability or just remove COD in terms of anodes and electrolytes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241408733734031893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=1288, pageEnd=1292, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Shao D, Wang Z K, Zhang C P, journalName=Chinese Chemical Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shao D，Wang Z K，Zhang C P，et al. Embedding wasted hairs in Ti/PbO2anode for efficient and sustainable electrochemical oxidation of organic wastewater [J]. Chinese Chemical Letters，2022，33(3):1288-1292., articleTitle=Embedding wasted hairs in Ti/PbO2anode for efficient and sustainable electrochemical oxidation of organic wastewater, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241408728516317216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, awardId=21706153, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(21706153), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241408728671506481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, awardId=2018JQ2066; 2022JM-065, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JQ2066; 2022JM-065), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241408721566355793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721578938707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241408721587327316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, companyId=1241408721566355793, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241408725072794334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Schematic diagram of Tml promoting polarization and characterization results of electrode materials, figureFileSmall=FD9qfbHS4jx9qOcpD0riXw==, figureFileBig=4gVpsA1PnnUpCsJrYtKZYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408725215400682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图1, caption=Tml促极化示意图及电极材料表征结果

(a) MAE副电极极化不足且不均匀问题示意图；(b)含Tml的MAE的结构以及Tml激活副电极示意图；(c) 2000目Tml与MAE(以Ru/CNT MAE为例)混合后的实物照片及其三维超景深显微图像；主、副电极的SEM图像:(d) Ti/RuO2-IrO2；(e) CNT/Fe3O4；(f) Fe3O4/MnO2；(g) Fe3O4/Co3O4；(h) Fe3O4/RuO2；(i)FC；Tml的SEM图像:(j)低倍数(×700)；(k)高倍数(×5000)及元素分布图；(l) Tml的N2吸附-脱附等温线(插图为孔径分布)

, figureFileSmall=FD9qfbHS4jx9qOcpD0riXw==, figureFileBig=4gVpsA1PnnUpCsJrYtKZYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408725659996950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of MAE based on CNT/Fe3O4 AEs, figureFileSmall=dw00fHybLMK8nR+Yd8qppw==, figureFileBig=lQO01i/UNBkGW7nYffHvhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408725773243173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图2, caption=基于CNT/Fe3O4副电极的MAE的电化学表征结果

(a)循环伏安曲线(电位范围:0~2.5V(vs.SCE)，扫描速率:0.01V/s)；(b)由不同扫描速率下的小范围伏安曲线(电位范围:0~0.3V(vs.SCE))所获得的伏安电荷(Q*)，以及相应的qT*和qO*；(c)双电层电容(Cdl)值；(d-e) Nyquist阻抗图(平衡电位:0V和1.2V(vs.SCE)，频率范围:0.1~105Hz)；(f)电化学性能综合对比雷达图(副电极负载量:0.2g/cm2，Tml负载量:0.04g/cm2，0.5mol/L Na2SO4溶液)其它副电极测试条件与CNT/Fe3O4一致

, figureFileSmall=dw00fHybLMK8nR+Yd8qppw==, figureFileBig=lQO01i/UNBkGW7nYffHvhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408725899072307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of MAE based on Fe3O4/MnO2 AEs, figureFileSmall=SvIDZcdupp2x9Jm6J3SPQA==, figureFileBig=rTSmlM+YkV12pNESR+HwHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408726008124224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图3, caption=基于Fe3O4/MnO2副电极的MAE的电化学表征结果, figureFileSmall=SvIDZcdupp2x9Jm6J3SPQA==, figureFileBig=rTSmlM+YkV12pNESR+HwHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408726310114133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of MAE based on Fe3O4/Co3O4 AEs, figureFileSmall=5QfBd4D+2Q7jaLmc65HAuw==, figureFileBig=1H2i8H8xO0HZqLSIc/izrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408726427554659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图4, caption=基于Fe3O4/Co3O4副电极的MAE的电化学表征结果, figureFileSmall=5QfBd4D+2Q7jaLmc65HAuw==, figureFileBig=1H2i8H8xO0HZqLSIc/izrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408726758904692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of MAE based on Fe3O4/RuO2 AEs, figureFileSmall=unI2FB0O/dItSYp5Igvxzw==, figureFileBig=4bGEvQ1m6sD4jicMRaSjOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408726918288260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图5, caption=基于Fe3O4/RuO2副电极的MAE的电化学表征结果, figureFileSmall=unI2FB0O/dItSYp5Igvxzw==, figureFileBig=4bGEvQ1m6sD4jicMRaSjOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727086060438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of MAE based on FC AEs, figureFileSmall=OXtBRNrcT+tpe43ng6yLmA==, figureFileBig=YjTh/VKSOkn5i7H2nF0kkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727278998441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图6, caption=基于FC副电极的MAE的电化学表征结果, figureFileSmall=OXtBRNrcT+tpe43ng6yLmA==, figureFileBig=YjTh/VKSOkn5i7H2nF0kkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727409021876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Electrochemical oxidation degradation results of ARG wastewater by MAE based on different AEs, figureFileSmall=w/k0ZhmAKKo6goX1orgxKA==, figureFileBig=gl1AP+4YTSU5k4LcdvReQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727606154184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图7, caption=基于不同副电极颗粒的MAE对ARG废水的电化学氧化降解结果

ARG初始浓度:200mg/L，溶液体积:250mL，电流密度:20mA/cm2

, figureFileSmall=w/k0ZhmAKKo6goX1orgxKA==, figureFileBig=gl1AP+4YTSU5k4LcdvReQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727778120667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Degradation rate of ARG by different electrodes at different Tml loadings, figureFileSmall=K4GR+pPfh8XQoAG+Y3Qrkg==, figureFileBig=d3vmmtlgekLOfobhrMCjGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408727895561192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同电极在不同Tml负载量下对ARG的降解率

电流密度:20mA/cm2；ARG初始浓度:200mg/L；溶液体积:250mL

, figureFileSmall=K4GR+pPfh8XQoAG+Y3Qrkg==, figureFileBig=d3vmmtlgekLOfobhrMCjGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408728017196021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Electrochemical characterization results of different electrodes in petrochemical wastewater and the degradation effect of petrochemical wastewater, figureFileSmall=XDzsS5QNDZkCstkn3ED7VQ==, figureFileBig=YlBtjknqw35ximcmeqV2uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241408728306601988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241408715874685911, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同电极在石化废水中的电化学表征结果及石化废水降解效果

(a)~(e)不同电极的循环伏安曲线(电位范围: 0~2.5V(vs.SCE)，扫描速率: 0.01V/s)；(f)从循环伏安曲线低电位区域得到所对应的伏安电荷；不同电极在20mA/cm2的电流密度下对石化废水降解6h后的效果:(g)COD去除结果；(h)能耗分析结果

, figureFileSmall=XDzsS5QNDZkCstkn3ED7VQ==, figureFileBig=YlBtjknqw35ximcmeqV2uw==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1234092555462295552, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国环境科学, nameEn=China Environmental Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1000-6923, eissn=null, cn=11-2201/X, coden=ZHKEEI, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=fUkXgpzwRiw9vs+0dX4h8g==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=China Environmental Science, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1772160193557, updatedTime=1772160729300, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=C, firstLetterEn=C, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=fUkXgpzwRiw9vs+0dX4h8g==, picEn=w8+EIm00c59F/qhCr1EFJw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1234094802610999917, language=CN, name=中国环境科学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1772160729315, updatedTime=1772160729315, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zghjkxauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionEditorUrl=https://zghjkxeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionReviewUrl=https://zghjkxauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1234094802665525870, language=EN, name=China Environmental Science, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1772160729328, updatedTime=1772160729328, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zghjkxauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionEditorUrl=https://zghjkxeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionReviewUrl=https://zghjkxauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1234093305789726721, websiteList=[Website(id=1234095050196578613, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1234093305789726721, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1772160788344, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1772160813480, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国环境科学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国环境科学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1234097146769756836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1772161288206, updateTime=1772161288206, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146748785313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1772161288201, updateTime=1772161288201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146786534055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161288210, updateTime=1772161288210, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146740396704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/file/pic?fileId=MkE5LKk3Qw7XuYcjPisdew==, createTime=1772161288199, updateTime=1772161288199, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146799116969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161288213, updateTime=1772161288213, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146761368227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1772161288204, updateTime=1772161288204, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146794922664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161288212, updateTime=1772161288212, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146757173922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1772161288203, updateTime=1772161288203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146773951141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1772161288207, updateTime=1772161288207, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097146782339750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050196578613, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1772161288209, updateTime=1772161288209, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1234095050309824825, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1234093305789726721, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1772160788371, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1772160830384, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国环境科学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=China Environmental Science, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1234097176519955118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1772161295299, updateTime=1772161295299, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176494789291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1772161295293, updateTime=1772161295293, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176536732337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161295303, updateTime=1772161295303, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176486400682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/EN/file/pic?fileId=MkE5LKk3Qw7XuYcjPisdew==, createTime=1772161295291, updateTime=1772161295291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176545120947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161295305, updateTime=1772161295305, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176511566509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1772161295297, updateTime=1772161295297, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176540926642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1772161295304, updateTime=1772161295304, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176503177900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1772161295295, updateTime=1772161295295, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176524149423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1772161295300, updateTime=1772161295300, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1234097176528343728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1234095050309824825, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1772161295301, updateTime=1772161295301, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国环境科学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=China Environmental Science, journalPhotoCn=fUkXgpzwRiw9vs+0dX4h8g==, journalPhotoEn=w8+EIm00c59F/qhCr1EFJw==, journalFirstLetter=C, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/Y2025/V45/I4/1963, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/EN/Y2025/V45/I4/1963, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/PDF/Y2025/V45/I4/1963, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/EN/PDF/Y2025/V45/I4/1963, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
电气石促进磁组装电极电化学降解有机废水
收藏切换
PDF下载
吕玉静 , 邵丹 * , 王雅茹 , 宋浩杰
中国环境科学 | 水污染与控制 2025,45(4): 1963-1972
收起
收藏切换
中国环境科学 | 水污染与控制 2025, 45(4): 1963-1972
电气石促进磁组装电极电化学降解有机废水
全屏
吕玉静 , 邵丹* , 王雅茹, 宋浩杰
作者信息
  • 陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021

    • 吕玉静(2000-)，女，陕西咸阳人，陕西科技大学硕士研究生，主要从事电化学氧化水处理研究.发表论文1篇..

通讯作者:

* 责任作者，副教授，
Boosted electrochemical degradation of organic wastewater by incorporating tourmaline into magnetically assembled electrodes
Yu-jing LYU , Dan SHAO* , Ya-ru WANG, Hao-jie SONG
Affiliations
  • School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
出版时间: 2025-04-20
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起

为解决磁组装电极副电极极化不足的问题，本研究基于CNT/Fe3O4、Fe3O4/MnO2、Fe3O4/Co3O4、Fe3O4/RuO2及铁碳颗粒(FC)五种副电极构建了五类磁组装电极，考察了电气石对各电极电化学性能以及电化学氧化降解废水效率的影响.结果表明，电气石能够有效促进副电极的极化，显著增大电极活性面积(最高28.47%)，提高酸性红G模拟废水的降解效率(最高108.06%)和实际石化废水的矿化效率(最高10.61%).

电化学氧化  /  废水处理  /  磁组装电极  /  电气石  /  能量转换

To address the issue of insufficient polarization of auxiliary electrodes (AEs) in magnetically assembled electrodes, five types of magnetically assembled electrodes were constructed using five different AEs: CNT/Fe3O4、Fe3O4/MnO2、Fe3O4/Co3O4、Fe3O4/RuO2, and ferrocarbon particles (FC). This study examined the effects of tourmaline on the electrochemical performance of each electrode and its impact on wastewater treatment efficiency. The results demonstrate that tourmaline can significantly enhance the polarization process of AEs, increase the active surface area of the electrodes by up to 28.47%, improve the degradation efficiency of simulated acid red G wastewater by up to 108.06%, and enhance the mineralization efficiency of real petrochemical wastewater by up to 10.61%.

electrochemical oxidation  /  wastewater treatment  /  magnetically assembled electrode  /  tourmaline  /  energy conversion
吕玉静, 邵丹, 王雅茹, 宋浩杰. 电气石促进磁组装电极电化学降解有机废水. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (4) : 1963 -1972 .
Yu-jing LYU, Dan SHAO, Ya-ru WANG, Hao-jie SONG. Boosted electrochemical degradation of organic wastewater by incorporating tourmaline into magnetically assembled electrodes[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (4) : 1963 -1972 .
正文
收起
电化学氧化（EO）技术是一种处理有机废水的高级氧化技术，阳极对有机污染物的降解效果有决定性影响.形稳阳极（DSA）是目前应用最广泛的阳极类型[1].诸如RuO2，Ti4O7，IrO2，PbO2，SnO2等为DSA涂层的常见组分[2-4].本课题组基于DSA开发了一类新型模块化电极形式——磁组装电极（MAE），即利用磁力将磁性催化颗粒（称为副电极，AEs）吸引在二维平面电极（称为主电极，ME）表面[5].MAE在结构上介于二维电极和三维电极之间，故又名“2.5维电极”.该电极形式既能实现电极材料的原位及时更新，同时催化面积/体积比也能显著增大，使得EO效率和稳定性得以提高.
尽管MAE已经展现出不俗的潜力，但综合近几年的研究成果发现[6-9]，当前制约MAE性能发挥的关键瓶颈为副电极极化程度不足且不均匀的问题.由于MAE的副电极并不直接与外电路相连，而是通过主电极间接得到极化，且主副电极之间存在显著的接触电阻，故副电极整体的极化程度较低.此外，由于副电极层与层之间也存在接触电阻，极化驱动力在副电极区域内的分配也逐层递减，使得远离主电极的副电极层的极化程度显著低于紧邻主电极的副电极层(图1（a）），使得有效的电化学反应区域被大幅缩减，且浪费了外部的优质活性位点的潜力（因其紧邻溶液），从而限制了MAE的整体性能发挥.
解决上述关键瓶颈问题的思路可分为两种，一方面是促进模块之间的电荷转移[6]，另一方面则是引入额外电能直接作用于副电极上，使副电极极化不单纯依赖外电路.在电解过程中，电极释放的焦耳热和水分解析出气泡对电极的机械冲击通常被认为是不利因素，如可能引起电极失活[10-12].然而，如这些所谓的废能可以被有效收集和利用，成为能够在原位激活副电极的额外能源，则上述瓶颈问题有望实现突破.铁电材料具有独特的铁电、压电和热释电效应，可将环境中的多种能量形式（如光能、热能、机械能）转换为电能并提供极化驱动力（在光催化、能源存储、传感器等领域已被广泛证明）[13-14].如能将该类材料嵌入MAE的副电极层，作为副电极的电能供应“基站”，就有望解决上述瓶颈问题，进而提高废水处理效率和降低反应能耗.
鉴于此，本研究在众多铁电材料中选择价廉易得、具备铁磁性（易被磁铁吸引）、物理化学性质稳定且环境友好的天然电气石（托玛琳，Tml）颗粒[15-18]作为MAE的辅助模块.在前期基础上[19]，本研究以Ti/RuO2-IrO2为主电极，并将2000目的Tml颗粒分别与五种性质迥异的副电极进行混合组装(图1（b）所示），以研究Tml对副电极的激活作用是否具有普适性.在材料表征的基础上，研究电气石的引入对五种MAE各项电化学性能的影响，并采用偶氮染料酸性红G（ARG）废水和实际石化废水进行电化学氧化实验，考察电气石对废水处理效率的提升效果，以期为电化学氧化水处理技术提供一类全新的电极选择，并为其潜在应用提供理论依据和技术支持.
1　材料与方法
收起
1.1　副电极的制备
CNT/Fe3O4副电极:将含FeCl2和FeCl3（物质的量比1:2）的水溶液与CNT粉末混合均匀，搅拌加热煮沸1h（逐步滴加NaOH水溶液调节pH值至9）生成沉淀.陈化4h后，清洗至中性.最后将沉淀于80℃下烘干8h后进行研磨即得到CNT/Fe3O4颗粒.
Fe3O4/Co3O4副电极:将含10mmol Co（NO3）2·6H2O、20mmol NH4F和50mmol CO（NH2）2的100mL水溶液与Fe3O4/TiOx颗粒进行混合，90℃下水热12h.最后对颗粒进行清洗干燥后在400℃下煅烧3h即得到Fe3O4/Co3O4颗粒.
Fe3O4/MnO2副电极:将Fe3O4/TiOx颗粒与含0.034g MnSO4·H2O和0.19g KMnO4的溶液混合后在160℃下水热16h，最后将得到的沉淀离心并洗涤后，70℃下干燥7h，得到Fe3O4/MnO2颗粒.
Fe3O4/RuO2副电极:将30g Fe3O4/TiOx颗粒与10mL含RuCl3、钛酸丁酯、异丙醇的溶液进行混合，80℃烘干后在450℃下煅烧20min.上述涂覆-烘干-煅烧过程重复5次得到Fe3O4/RuO2颗粒.
1.2　电极组装
将Ti/RuO2-IrO2主电极（购自宝鸡智铭特种金属公司）背面与磁铁（NdFeB）进行固定，然后分别将负载量为0.2g/cm2的不同副电极颗粒和负载量为0.04g/cm2的2000目的Tml颗粒混合均匀，并将混合颗粒通过磁力吸附在主电极正面上，即可成功组装五类含Tml的MAE，分别命名为Ru/CNT-Tml、Ru/Co3O4-Tml、Ru/MnO2-Tml、Ru/RuO2-Tml和Ru/FC-Tml.与之对应的不含Tml的五类MAE对照样品分别被称为Ru/CNT、Ru/Co3O4、Ru/MnO2、Ru/RuO2和Ru/FC.不含任何颗粒的Ti/RuO2-IrO2主电极同样与磁铁结合作为对照组，称为2D Ti/RuO2-IrO2.
1.3　电极材料表征与电化学性能表征
通过扫描电子显微镜（SU8100，Hitachi，Japan）观察材料形貌，并利用配套X射线能谱仪分析元素组成.通过超景深3D显微镜（Keyence，Japan）观察副电极粒径和分散形态.采用BET比表面积仪（Micromeritics，ASAP2460，US）测定Tml的比表面积以及孔径分布.利用电化学工作站（CS310H，武汉科思特）和三电极体系对电极的电化学性能进行表征.将MAE作为工作电极（有效面积为1cm2），铜片作为对电极，甘汞电极（SCE）作为参比电极，在0.5mol/L硫酸钠溶液中进行测试.分别以0.005，0.01，0.02，0.05，0.1和0.2V/s的扫描速率在0~0.3V（vs.SCE）范围内进行小范围循环伏安测试，可获得反映有效活性位点数量的伏安电荷（Q*）值[20]，在极低电位扫描速率（即5mV/s）下的Q*为总伏安电荷（qT*），反映总活性位点数量，在极高电位扫描速率（即200mV/s）下的Q*为外表面伏安电荷（qO*），反映外部易于溶液接触的活性位点数量.qT*和qO*之间的差值称为qi*，对应于内部难以与溶液接触的活性位点数量[8].利用各个小范围循环伏安曲线的终点电流密度也能拟合得到双电层电容值（Cdl），反映电极的电化学活性面积[20].以0.01V/s的扫描速率在0~2.5V（vs.SCE）范围内进行正常范围循环伏安测试，以0.001V/s的扫描速率在相同范围内进行线性扫描伏安测试，均能反映电极的电催化活性和选择性.在不同电位下进行电化学交流阻抗测试，频率范围为0.1~105Hz，振幅为5mV.
1.4　废水降解实验
在恒电流模式下采用两电极体系分别对250mL的合成废水酸性红G（ARG，上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司）和实际石化废水（洛阳石化）进行降解.酸性红G为偶氮染料，主要来自印染、纺织和染料工业.该类废水不仅毒性较大，而且色度通常较高.实际石化废水是从己内酰胺生产装置中提取的样品，呈深棕色，成分包括己内酰胺和其他几种分子量较大的未反应原料和芳香副产物，该废水中不含氯离子，因此可以排除活性氯的干扰[5,21].每隔一段时间进行溶液取样，利用紫外可见分光光度计（TU-1810，北京普析）得到有机物特征吸收峰处的吸光度，根据ARG溶液的标准曲线，将吸光度值换算为相应的浓度，并据此计算出降解率（η）.计算公式如下:
式中:C0为ARG的初始浓度，mg/L；Ct为ARG反应时间t时刻后ARG的浓度，mg/L.
利用COD自动探测仪(连华科技，5B-3C（V8））检测样品的化学需氧量（COD）.并根据COD值的变化得到COD去除率（R），计算公式如下:
式中:COD0为ARG的初始COD值，mg/L；CODt为ARG反应时间t时刻后COD值，mg/L.
2　结果与讨论
收起
2.1　MAE的材料形貌与结构
MAE的实际照片和超景深显微形貌如图1（c）所示，可以看到外部磁性颗粒被磁铁束缚后呈独特的刺状分布，有利于暴露活性位点.图1（d~k）为一系列SEM图像.Ti/RuO2-IrO2主电极呈典型泥裂形貌(图1（d））.CNT/Fe3O4副电极中的CNT发生缠绕和团聚现象，但仍能观察到中空管状结构，且表面负载的Fe3O4分布较均匀(图1（e））.从图1（f）可看出Fe3O4/MnO2副电极呈现蜂窝花形状[22].从图1（g）中可看出Fe3O4/Co3O4副电极呈纳米花状结构.Fe3O4/RuO2副电极表面呈典型的泥裂状(图1（h））.FC颗粒则具有粗糙多孔的特点(图1（i））.
Tml在不同倍数下的SEM图如图1（j）和图1（k）所示，可看出Tml的平均粒径略小于上述各类副电极.从图1（k）中可以看出Tml的主要特征元素有O、Al、Si和少量Fe（Tml磁性来源），且分布均匀.图1（l）是Tml的N2吸附-脱附等温曲线和孔径分布，Tml的比表面积为2.5024m2/g，小于80nm的孔占主要比例.
2.2　各类MAE的电化学性能分析
2.2.1　基于CNT/Fe3O4副电极的MAE
对于Ru/CNT，副电极负载使电极析氧电位（OEP）值略有上升，从1.13V提升至1.17V，且OER响应电流密度显著降低(图2（a）），证明OER副反应得到显著抑制，有利于有机物降解.当进一步引入Tml后，上述现象更为显著，说明Tml激活了副电极上更多的活性位点.此外，qT*、qO*以及Cdl的逐步提高也遵循上述规律(图2（b）和图2（c）），qT*及qO*较Ru/CNT电极分别提升了12.12%及4.65%，Cdl提升了11.61%.从不同电位下获得的Nyquist阻抗图(图2（d）和图2（e））可以看出，副电极的负载虽然令电极的膜阻抗少许增加（因涂层变厚），但却能够有效降低电极OER电荷转移阻抗（从11.04Ω·cm2降到8.22Ω·cm2）.Tml能够令OER电荷转移阻抗进一步降低，且膜阻抗也有所降低.上述结果印证了Tml确实能有效激活CNT/Fe3O4副电极.电化学性能综合对比图显示(图2（f）），Tml显著提升了电极各项电化学性能.
2.2.2　基于Fe3O4/MnO2副电极的MAE
对于Ru/MnO2，副电极在~0.4V（vs.SCE）处引入了新的氧化峰，表明MnO2参与了电化学过程.副电极使电极OEP值略有上升，从1.13V提升至1.15V，且OER响应电流密度显著降低(图3（a）），OER副反应得到抑制.引入Tml后，电极的qT*、qO*值以及Cdl值较Ru/MnO2电极分别提升了10.41%，14.63%和5.98%(图3（b）和图3（c）所示）.从Nyquist阻抗图(图3（d）和图3（e））可以看出，MnO2副电极能够有效降低电荷转移阻抗，Tml则能够进一步降低该指标.上述结果印证了Tml确实能有效激活Fe3O4/MnO2副电极.电化学性能综合对比图(图3（f））也能直观体现上述结论.
2.2.3　基于Fe3O4/Co3O4副电极的MAE
对于Ru/Co3O4，副电极的引入使电极OEP值明显上升（从1.13V提升至1.17V），而Tml则使该值进一步增至1.2V(图4（a）），OER副反应受到显著抑制，有利于有机物降解.副电极对qT*值的增加幅度较大(图4（b））.引入Tml后，电极的qT*及qO*较Ru/Co3O4电极分别提升了3.14%及17.95%，而Cdl则提升了高达28.47%(图4（c）），说明Tml的电荷储存作用可以明显改善该电极Cdl小的短板问题.从Nyquist阻抗图(图4（d）和图4（e））可以看出，由于本征导电性较差的Tml深度参与了电荷传递过程，所以低频电荷转移阻抗有所增加.电化学性能综合对比图(图4（f））也能直观体现上述结论.
2.2.4　基于Fe3O4/RuO2副电极的MAE
对于Ru/RuO2，由于主副电极性质几乎一致，电荷传递相对顺畅，故副电极极化问题相对缓和，该电极的OER活性得以保持(图5（a）所示）.然而Tml的引入显著抑制了OER副反应，也令电极的qT*、qO*及Cdl较Ru/RuO2电极能够分别提升13.87%、21.43%和20.67%(图5（b）和图5（c）所示）.从Nyquist阻抗图(图5（d）和图5（e）可以看出，Tml同样深度参与了电荷传递过程.电化学性能综合对比图(图5（f））也能直观体现上述结论.
2.2.5　基于FC副电极的MAE
FC副电极能够显著降低电极的OER活性(图6（a））.然而，加入Tml后，电极OER活性有所回升，说明Tml能够促进电荷传递.图6（b）和图6（c）可看出Tml的引入对电极qT*的提升比Cdl更明显，说明其作用主要是增加活性位点密度.从图6（d）和6（e）中的电化学阻抗图看出，副电极和Tml优化了电荷的分布，并有效减小了电极的电荷转移阻抗.电化学性能综合对比图(图6（f））也能直观体现上述结论.
2.3　各类MAE的废水降解实验结果分析
2.3.1　ARG废水降解
ARG废水的降解结果如图7（a~e）所示.由图7（a）可以看出15min时Ru/CNT的ARG降解率相比2D电极提升239%，证明了该种MAE相比2D电极优势明显.进一步加入Tml后，ARG降解率又能提升约50%，说明强强联合可取得更佳效果.如图7（b）所示，Ru/MnO2的ARG降解能力也明显强于2D Ti/RuO2-IrO2，但Tml的进一步促进作用不够明显.因此，Tml对该副电极的激活作用主要体现在材料电化学特性的提升，对于废水降解效果的提升有限.从图7（c）可以看出Tml能够提高Ru/Co3O4的ARG降解效果.从图7（d）可以看出由于RuO2是一种典型的OER阳极材料[23]，副反应较为剧烈，Ru/RuO2电极对ARG的降解能力较差，说明该电极不适合对有机物进行电化学氧化.然而，Tml的引入能够扭转这一形势，证明了其能够化腐朽为神奇.基于FC副电极颗粒的ARG降解结果如图7（e）所示，添加Tml的优势随时间愈加突出，尤其是ARG降解率在90min后可达100%.
基于对上述电化学性能和废水降解实验结果，可以初步总结Tml对污染物降解过程的强化机制(如图7（f）所示）.首先，Tml具有自发极化特性，可以永久优化副电极表面电荷分布，具体反映在电极活性位点数量或真实表面积的增加上.其次，Tml具有优异的电荷储存能力，可以为电极反应提供稳定的能量输出.最重要的是，Tml能够借助其热释电和压电特性，将电解过程中产生的废热能（如界面焦耳热能）及废机械能（如气泡冲击能）转化为额外电能，并最大限度地为相邻副电极原位提供该电能，增加副电极活性位点的极化程度.当活性位点的潜力得以释放后，不仅能够加强与污染物的直接电子转移过程[24]（DET过程，即直接氧化过程），而且还能产生更多的活性氧化物种，间接氧化过程也得以加强[19]，从而提高污染物降解整体效率.
图8展示了Tml负载量（0.01~0.1g/cm2）对ARG废水的电化学氧化降解效果的影响.结果表明，只有适中的Tml负载量（0.04g/cm2）才能获得最佳的降解效果，当Tml含量适量增加时，副电极层间的原有导电网络可以得到最大程度得保留，使得外电源与内部Tml微电源实现协同极化.然而，过量添加Tml会使原有导电网络受到严重破坏，原有极化路径严重受阻，从Tml获取的额外极化能量难以补偿原有外电源极化能量的损失.
2.3.2　实际石化废水降解
不同电极在石化废水中的电化学表征结果如图9（a~f）所示.从图9（a~e）可以看出，引入Tml后电极高电位区域的响应电流普遍升高，且0.5~1.5V之间的氧化还原峰有所增大，表明污染物的直接氧化过程得到强化[25-26].此外，对图9（a~e）的低电位区域的伏安电荷Q*进行提取可得到图9（f），可以看出无论哪种MAE，Tml都能在不同程度上增加Q*，说明石化废水中各类复杂污染物与电极的相互作用得以增强，同样也有利于直接氧化过程.石化废水的COD去除效果如图9（g）所示，降解6h后，对于所有的MAE，Tml的加入均能促进COD去除，尤其Ru/FC-Tml电极的COD去除率可达83.64%.能耗分析结果(图9（h））也能表明Tml的引入可显著降低各类MAE对石化废水的COD去除能耗，其中对于Ru/Co3O4的效果最为显著，可从20.39kWh/kg COD降低到17.06kWh/kg COD.上述结果表明Tml的优势对于实际废水降解也是显而易见的.
3　结论
收起
3.1　电气石可显著提升各类磁组装电极的多项电化学性能，如Ru/CNT、Ru/MnO2、Ru/Co3O4、Ru/RuO2及Ru/FC的qT*分别增长12.12%、10.41%、3.14%、13.87%及9.26%，而Cdl则分别提升11.61%、5.98%、28.47%、20.67%及3.36%.
3.2　电气石可显著促进各类电极的ARG废水降解效果，如15min ARG降解率可提高17.93%~108.06%，COD去除率可提高3.82%~10.37%.
3.3　电气石同样能够提升各电极对实际石化废水的COD去除率（1.82%~10.61%），并有效降低能耗.电气石在实际废水降解中的应用优势值得期待.
基金
收起
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21706153)
  • 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JQ2066; 2022JM-065)
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
杨瑞锋，贾波，冯庆，等.钛涂层阳极的失活机制及改进方法的研究进展[J]. 材料导报，2023，37(z2):23-28.
Yang R F，Jia B，Feng Q，et al. Research progress in deactivation mechanism and improvement methods of Titanium-coated anode [J]. Materials Reports，2023，37(z2):23-28.
[2]
Carretero D S，Huang C P，Tzeng J H，et al. The recovery of sulfuric acid from spent piranha solution over a dimensionally stable anode(DSA) Ti-RuO2 electrode [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2021，406:124658.
[3]
曹炼，张居奎，林英姿，等. PbO2电极在电催化氧化领域中的应用[J]. 河南化工，2024，41(2):4037-4048.
Cao L，Zhang J K，Lin Y Z，et al. The application of PbO2 electrode in the field of electrocatalytic oxidation [J]. HeNan Chemical Industry，2024，41(2):4037-4048.
[4]
吴渴，朱米家，杨逸，等.电催化阳极材料在难降解有机废水处理中的研究进展[J]. 化学与生物工程，2022，39(9):1-6.
Wu K，Zhu M J，Yang Y，et al. Research progress of electrocatalytic anode materials in treatment of refractory organic wastewater [J]. Chemistry & Bioengineering，2022，39(9):1-6.
[5]
Shao D，Li W J，Wang Z K，et al. Variable activity and selectivity for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment using a magnetically assembled electrode based on Ti/PbO2 and carbon nanotubes [J]. Separation and Purification Technology，2022，301:122008.
[6]
Zhang X L，Shao D，Lyu W，et al. Design of magnetically assembled electrode (MAE) with Ti/PbO2and heterogeneous auxiliary electrodes(AEs): The functionality of AEs for efficient electrochemical oxidation [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2020，395:125145.
[7]
Shao D，Zhang Y Y，Lyu W，et al. A modular functionalized anode for efficient electrochemical oxidation of wastewater: Inseparable synergy between OER anode and its magnetic auxiliary electrodes [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2020，390:122174.
[8]
Zhang Y Y，Zhang C P，Shao D，et al. Magnetically assembled electrodes based on Pt，RuO2-IrO2-TiO2and Sb-SnO2for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater featured by fluctuant Cl-concentration [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2022，421:126803.
[9]
Zhang X L，Shao D，Lyu W，et al. Utilizing discarded SiC heating rod to fabricate SiC/Sb-SnO2 anode for electrochemical oxidation of wastewater [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2019，361:862-873.
[10]
Pei S Z，Shen C，Zhang C H，et al. Characterization of the interfacial joule heating effect in the electrochemical advanced oxidation process [J]. Environmental Science & Technology，2019，53(8):4406-4415.
[11]
Zhang Z W，Cai W W，Hong R D，et al. Raman spectroscopy of multi-layer graphene epitaxially grown on 4H-SiC by joule heat decomposition [J]. Nanoscale Research Letters，2018，13(1):197.
[12]
Zheng Y P，Yu D H，Xu W，et al. Robust FeCoP nanoparticles grown on a rGO-coated Ni foam as an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst for excellent alkaline and seawater electrolysis [J]. Dalton Transactions，2023，52(11):3493-3500.
[13]
张妍，车俊岭，贾艳敏.铁电材料催化抗菌研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报，2024，46(9):1702-1712.
Zhang Y，Che J L，Jia Y M，Research progress on ferroelectric catalytic materials for antimicrobials [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering，2024，46(9):1702-1712.
[14]
吴化平，令欢，张征，等.铁电材料光催化活性的研究进展[J]. 物理学报，2017，66(16):305-315.
Wu H P，Ling H，Zhang Z，et al. Research progress on photocatalytic activity of ferroelectric materials [J]. Acta Physica Sinica，2017，66(16):305-315.
[15]
Zhu Y S，Qiu S，Tang W W，et al. Sustainable Fe3+ reduction by Fe3O4@tourmaline in fenton-like system [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2022，437:135480.
[16]
Qi Y W，Cao H M，Pan W J，et al. The role of dissolved organic matter during per- and polyfluorinated substance (PFAS) adsorption，degradation，and plant uptake: a review [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2022，436:129139.
[17]
Sun S J，Li J X，Ding H，et al. Engineered tourmaline/g-C3N4composites for photocatalytic Fenton-like oxidation: synergy of spontaneous interface polarization and surface iron circulations induced by minerals [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal，2023，460:141718.
[18]
刘兆勋，李祥瑞，秦泽秀，等.超细电气石复合材料的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料，2024，52(5):45-51.
Liu Z X，Li X R，Qin Z X，et al. Progress in preparation and application of ultrafine tourmaline composites [J]. New Chemical Materials，2024，52(5):45-51.
[19]
Shao D，Wang Y R，Li P，et al. Integrating natural tourmaline with energy conversion ability to magnetically assembled electrode:Boosted electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment performance [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering，2024，12(1):111664.
[20]
Zhang F X，Shao D，Yang C A，et al. New magnetically assembled electrode consisting of magnetic activated carbon particles and Ti/Sb-SnO2for a more flexible and cost-effective electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment [J]. Catalysts，2022，13(1):7.
[21]
Yang C A，Zhao W P，Wang Z K，et al. New hierarchical Ti/SnO2-PbO2/CNT electrode: Enhanced electrochemical properties and improved electrochemical oxidation towards various real wastewaters [J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering，2024，58:104889.
[22]
Li K，Chen C，Zhang H B，et al. Effects of phase structure of MnO2 and morphology of δ-MnO2 on toluene catalytic oxidation [J]. Applied Surface Science，2019，496:143662.
[23]
杨森，王雁，李乐琰，等.Ir对TiO2-RuO2涂层钛电极析氯性能的影响[J]. 电镀与涂饰，2023，42(16):23-32.
Yang S，Wang Y，Li L Y，Effect of iridium on chlorine evolution performance of titanium-ruthenium oxide electrode [J]. Electroplating& Finishing，2023，42(16):23-32.
[24]
Zhao Z L，Yang S X，Wang S S，et al. Isolated rhodium atoms activate porous TiO2 for enhanced electrocatalytic conversion of nitrate to ammonia [J]. Advanced Science，2024，2411705.
[25]
Shao D，Chu W，Li X L，et al. Electrochemical oxidation of guaiacol to increase its biodegradability or just remove COD in terms of anodes and electrolytes [J]. RSC advances，2016，6(6):4858-4866.
[26]
Shao D，Wang Z K，Zhang C P，et al. Embedding wasted hairs in Ti/PbO2anode for efficient and sustainable electrochemical oxidation of organic wastewater [J]. Chinese Chemical Letters，2022，33(3):1288-1292.
2025年第45卷第4期
PDF下载
49
26
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间：2024-10-31
  • 首发时间：2026-03-19
  • 出版时间：2025-04-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2024-10-31
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(21706153)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JQ2066; 2022JM-065)
作者信息
    陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021

通讯作者:

* 责任作者，副教授，
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghjkx/CN/1241408715874685911
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持