Article(id=1241057226496996213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728403200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773820700525, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1747670400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773820700525, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773820700525, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773820700525, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241057209744945780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='2369', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773820696530, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773820837005, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241057798994325889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241057798994325890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2735, endPage=2744, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241057226815763361, articleId=1241057226496996213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=EN, title=Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of RIS in Quaternary sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan, in Beijing, columnId=1234106388083954308, journalTitle=China Environmental Science, columnName=Environmental Ecology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on core sampling, sequential extraction procedure in the laboratory, correlation analysis between sediments and groundwater, and mineral saturation index(SI)of groundwater, this paper explored the distribution, form and influencing factors of RIS in Quaternary sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan, in Beijing. Results showed that the content of RIS in the study area followed a descending order of: Pyrite-S(CRS)>essential sulfur(ES)>acid volatile sulfide(AVS), among which CRS accounting for 80.1%, ES and AVS accounting for 13.4% and 5.56% respectively. 67% of samples had CRS/AVS value higher than 3. The RIS content in sediments in the upper reaches was lower than that in the lower reaches, and RIS contents in the four aquifers from shallow to deep were 84.3, 37.4, 39.1 and 10.5mg/kg respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. The results of RDA and correlation analysis indicated that the TOC content, CRS/AVS value and water content in sediments were crucial factors affecting the content and form of RIS in the study area. Specifically, the content of RIS was also affected by the groundwater pH value, iron/sulfur ratio and hydrogeological conditions, and the form of RIS was affected by the CODMn and ORP of groundwater. The SI value of FeS in groundwater fluctuated around 0, and the SI value of FeS2>0. In summary, RIS in the sediments of the study area is basically unaffected by human disturbance, and the activity and bioavailability of sulfide are low. The sediments may affect the concentrations of sulfate, sulfide, iron and arsenic in groundwater mainly through AVS precipitation/dissolution and ES disproportionation reaction.

, correspAuthors=Lei TAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ji-ji CHEN, Hong-wei JING, Xiu-e SHEN, Jing GUO, Qing YANG, Yue XI, Su-shi XU, Hua-ming GUO, Zhi-peng GAO, Lei TAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241057230506750110, articleId=1241057226496996213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=北京潮白河中下游第四系沉积物还原性无机硫分布特征及其影响因素, columnId=1234106388268503686, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=环境生态, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于岩芯采样、室内连续分级提取,沉积物、地下水关联分析,以及水体矿物饱和度指数(SI)等,探究潮白河中下游地区第四系沉积物还原性无机硫(RIS)含量分布、赋存形态及影响因素.结果表明:研究区域第四系沉积物RIS各组分含量自高到低分别为黄铁矿硫(CRS)>单质硫(ES)>酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS),CRS、ES和AVS含量分别占RIS的80.1%、13.4%和5.56%,67%的点位CRS/AVS>3.中上游地区沉积物中RIS含量低于下游,四个含水层中RIS含量自浅向深分别为84.3,37.4,39.1和10.5mg/kg,整体呈降低趋势.RDA和相关性分析结果显示,沉积物TOC含量、CRS/AVS值、含水率是影响研究区域RIS含量和赋存形态的重要因素,前者同时受地下水pH值、铁/硫比,以及水文地质条件的影响,后者同时受地下水CODMn和ORP值的影响.地下水中FeS的SI值在零值附近浮动,FeS2的SI>0.研究区域沉积物中RIS基本不受人为扰动影响,硫化物活性和生物有效性低,沉积物主要通过AVS沉淀/溶解以及ES歧化反应影响地下水中SO42-、硫化物、Fe、As的浓度水平.

, correspAuthors=陶蕾, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 责任作者,正高级工程师,
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陈吉吉(1989-),女,陕西商洛人,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为地下水环境监测.发表论文10余篇..

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陈吉吉(1989-),女,陕西商洛人,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为地下水环境监测.发表论文10余篇..

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陈吉吉(1989-),女,陕西商洛人,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为地下水环境监测.发表论文10余篇..

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Shanghai: East China Normal University,2022., articleTitle=Effects of Fe/S cycling on arsenic behavior in soil-rice system in wetland reclamation areas of the Yangtze Estuary, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057253441204480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=2811, pageEnd=2818, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=59, authorNames=孙清清, 陈敬安, 王敬富, journalName=环境科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙清清,陈敬安,王敬富,等. 阿哈水库沉积物-水界面磷、铁、硫高分辨率空间分布特征[J]. 环境科学201738(7):2811-2818., articleTitle=阿哈水库沉积物-水界面磷、铁、硫高分辨率空间分布特征, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057253529284865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=2811, pageEnd=2818, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=60, authorNames=Sun Q Q, Chen J A, Wang J F, journalName=Environmental Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun Q QChen J AWang J F,et al. 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Development characteristics of land subsidence in eastern Beijing [J]. Shanghai Land & Resources202142(1):7-12., articleTitle=Development characteristics of land subsidence in eastern Beijing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057244356341800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市平原区地下水环境背景值调查研究项目, fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057244448616494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, awardId=2021YFC1809000, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1809000), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057230808740041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057230817128651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, companyId=1241057230808740041, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, 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postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.北京市地质环境监测所,北京 100195)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057231215587588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057231223976198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, companyId=1241057231215587588, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057231232364808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, companyId=1241057231215587588, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京 100083)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057240250119032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Distribution of sampling sites(a)and Ⅰ—Ⅰ' hydrogeological section(b)in the study area, figureFileSmall=hYbSG7Vw5VxOPp9C4Eqf9g==, figureFileBig=rXFE0nN8eyttJKv2VAv5GQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057240334005120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=图1, caption=取样点位分布图(a)与Ⅰ—Ⅰ'水文地质剖面(b), figureFileSmall=hYbSG7Vw5VxOPp9C4Eqf9g==, figureFileBig=rXFE0nN8eyttJKv2VAv5GQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057240728269727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Form and distribution characteristics of RIS in the study area, figureFileSmall=iCZ0H3RQi/akl/aN7WLr6g==, figureFileBig=/nQYrBGiR3GzB5yJZ7VpHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057240887653290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=图2, caption=研究区域RIS赋存形态及分布特征, figureFileSmall=iCZ0H3RQi/akl/aN7WLr6g==, figureFileBig=/nQYrBGiR3GzB5yJZ7VpHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057241009288114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Vertical changes of sediment water content, TOC and RIS in different borehole profiles, figureFileSmall=749nYqsHhdEtJmVAUCkshw==, figureFileBig=x8rX9WndoYtHLxxnHtgZbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057241189643194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同钻孔沉积物剖面含水率、TOC和RIS的垂直变化, figureFileSmall=749nYqsHhdEtJmVAUCkshw==, figureFileBig=x8rX9WndoYtHLxxnHtgZbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057241294500800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=RDA analysis of related factors in sediments and groundwater, figureFileSmall=gxxgmvvZ6X4dypxZoxacNg==, figureFileBig=lTd8oC0QuVtOX2l1Icq7pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057241411941319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=图4, caption=沉积物与地下水中相关因子的RDA分析, figureFileSmall=gxxgmvvZ6X4dypxZoxacNg==, figureFileBig=lTd8oC0QuVtOX2l1Icq7pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057241512604626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Summary of mineral phases and their proportion in five boreholes(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目石英斜长石钾长石方解石伊利石闪石绿泥石赤铁矿伊蒙混层黄铁矿
范围17~589~677~300.5~290.5~150.5~50.5~50.5~15~381~2
均值36.741.915.32.32.71.41.60.722.31.3
), ArticleFig(id=1241057241596490715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

五个钻孔矿物物相及其占比汇总(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目石英斜长石钾长石方解石伊利石闪石绿泥石赤铁矿伊蒙混层黄铁矿
范围17~589~677~300.5~290.5~150.5~50.5~50.5~15~381~2
均值36.741.915.32.32.71.41.60.722.31.3
), ArticleFig(id=1241057241709736928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Content of relevant indicators in sediments from different boreholes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品含水率(%)TOC(g/kg)RIS(mg/kg)CRS/AVS硝酸盐氮(mg/kg)氨氮(mg/kg)铁(mg/kg)砷(mg/kg)
K015.430.729.845.000.800.9927287.66.6
K0214.771.3641.9451.10.451.5417621.14.0
K0317.031.8186.8520.60.712.2124775.87.3
K0414.891.5852.2021.00.902.1920226.95.6
K0513.362.9163.9716.60.730.9620268.110.8
), ArticleFig(id=1241057241856537577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同钻孔沉积物中相关指标含量汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品含水率(%)TOC(g/kg)RIS(mg/kg)CRS/AVS硝酸盐氮(mg/kg)氨氮(mg/kg)铁(mg/kg)砷(mg/kg)
K015.430.729.845.000.800.9927287.66.6
K0214.771.3641.9451.10.451.5417621.14.0
K0317.031.8186.8520.60.712.2124775.87.3
K0414.891.5852.2021.00.902.1920226.95.6
K0513.362.9163.9716.60.730.9620268.110.8
), ArticleFig(id=1241057241973978096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Content of relevant indicators in sediments in profile

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品含水率(%)TOC(g/kg)RIS(mg/kg)CRS/AVS硝酸盐氮(mg/kg)氨氮(mg/kg)铁(mg/kg)砷(mg/kg)
第一含水层14.192.3884.3219.930.761.70227109.51
第二含水层14.831.3437.4112.940.751.68198873.97
第三含水层10.511.1339.1253.840.731.21223547.54
第四含水层9.601.1910.484.610.661.13260634.65
), ArticleFig(id=1241057242062058487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

沉积物剖面相关指标含量汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品含水率(%)TOC(g/kg)RIS(mg/kg)CRS/AVS硝酸盐氮(mg/kg)氨氮(mg/kg)铁(mg/kg)砷(mg/kg)
第一含水层14.192.3884.3219.930.761.70227109.51
第二含水层14.831.3437.4112.940.751.68198873.97
第三含水层10.511.1339.1253.840.731.21223547.54
第四含水层9.601.1910.484.610.661.13260634.65
), ArticleFig(id=1241057242196276223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison for inorganic sulfur contents in sediments from different studies(mg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究区取样深度(m)AVSCRSES参考文献
北部湾0.04169.65~638.5(448.0)431.3~1078.8(707.5)69.9~155.5(107.8)[6]
九龙江表层沉积物0.3~124.117.7~1608.72.1~83.2[4]
黄海北部3712.14~40.2621.27~1155.68.17~87.06[9]
(26.47±7.75)(305.1±328.7)(30.8±21.9)
巢湖沉积物0.3355.7~142.2(94.7)5.8~36.6(18.5)[10]
三峡库区0.051.92~20.84(7.7)30.78~562.5(154.3)16.03~53.23(15.1)[11]
), ArticleFig(id=1241057243752361987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同研究区沉积物RIS含量对比(mg/kg)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究区取样深度(m)AVSCRSES参考文献
北部湾0.04169.65~638.5(448.0)431.3~1078.8(707.5)69.9~155.5(107.8)[6]
九龙江表层沉积物0.3~124.117.7~1608.72.1~83.2[4]
黄海北部3712.14~40.2621.27~1155.68.17~87.06[9]
(26.47±7.75)(305.1±328.7)(30.8±21.9)
巢湖沉积物0.3355.7~142.2(94.7)5.8~36.6(18.5)[10]
三峡库区0.051.92~20.84(7.7)30.78~562.5(154.3)16.03~53.23(15.1)[11]
), ArticleFig(id=1241057243903356941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Concentrations of relevant ion in groundwater from different boreholes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品pH值ORP(mV)铁/硫化物铁/硫酸盐Fe(mg/L)CODMn(mg/L)
K018.00-96.51.730.0020.071.13
K027.54-60.9566.382.020.262.35
K037.91-69.7583.333.651.561.5
K047.55-173.5570.670.134.832.7
K058.20197.1335.800.010.710.75
), ArticleFig(id=1241057243991437331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同钻孔地下水中相关离子浓度汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品pH值ORP(mV)铁/硫化物铁/硫酸盐Fe(mg/L)CODMn(mg/L)
K018.00-96.51.730.0020.071.13
K027.54-60.9566.382.020.262.35
K037.91-69.7583.333.651.561.5
K047.55-173.5570.670.134.832.7
K058.20197.1335.800.010.710.75
), ArticleFig(id=1241057244083712024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Vertical changes of related ion concentrations in groundwater

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品pH值ORP(mV)铁/硫化物铁/硫酸盐Fe(mg/L)CODMn(mg/L)
第一含水层7.676.26102.721.281.622.28
第二含水层7.93-0.5238.710.491.481.5
第三含水层7.78-30.631.662.280.340.87
第四含水层8.18-88.233.850.0040.121.27
), ArticleFig(id=1241057244234706977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057226496996213, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

垂向上地下水中相关离子浓度汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
样品pH值ORP(mV)铁/硫化物铁/硫酸盐Fe(mg/L)CODMn(mg/L)
第一含水层7.676.26102.721.281.622.28
第二含水层7.93-0.5238.710.491.481.5
第三含水层7.78-30.631.662.280.340.87
第四含水层8.18-88.233.850.0040.121.27
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北京潮白河中下游第四系沉积物还原性无机硫分布特征及其影响因素
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陈吉吉 1, 2 , 荆红卫 1, 2 , 沈秀娥 1, 2 , 郭婧 1, 2 , 杨庆 3 , 席玥 1, 2 , 徐蘇士 1, 2 , 郭华明 4 , 高志鹏 4 , 陶蕾 1, 2, *
中国环境科学 | 环境生态 2025,45(5): 2735-2744
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中国环境科学 | 环境生态 2025, 45(5): 2735-2744
北京潮白河中下游第四系沉积物还原性无机硫分布特征及其影响因素
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陈吉吉1, 2 , 荆红卫1, 2, 沈秀娥1, 2, 郭婧1, 2, 杨庆3, 席玥1, 2, 徐蘇士1, 2, 郭华明4, 高志鹏4, 陶蕾1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.北京市生态环境监测中心,北京 100048
  • 2.国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室,北京 100871
  • 3.北京市地质环境监测所,北京 100195
  • 4.中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京 100083
  • 陈吉吉(1989-),女,陕西商洛人,高级工程师,博士,主要研究方向为地下水环境监测.发表论文10余篇..

通讯作者:

* 责任作者,正高级工程师,
Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of RIS in Quaternary sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan, in Beijing
Ji-ji CHEN1, 2 , Hong-wei JING1, 2, Xiu-e SHEN1, 2, Jing GUO1, 2, Qing YANG3, Yue XI1, 2, Su-shi XU1, 2, Hua-ming GUO4, Zhi-peng GAO4, Lei TAO1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Beijing Municipal Ecological and Environment Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048, China
  • 2.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in Rivers, Beijing 100871, China
  • 3.Beijing Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Beijing 100195, China
  • 4.School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
出版时间: 2025-05-20
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基于岩芯采样、室内连续分级提取,沉积物、地下水关联分析,以及水体矿物饱和度指数(SI)等,探究潮白河中下游地区第四系沉积物还原性无机硫(RIS)含量分布、赋存形态及影响因素.结果表明:研究区域第四系沉积物RIS各组分含量自高到低分别为黄铁矿硫(CRS)>单质硫(ES)>酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS),CRS、ES和AVS含量分别占RIS的80.1%、13.4%和5.56%,67%的点位CRS/AVS>3.中上游地区沉积物中RIS含量低于下游,四个含水层中RIS含量自浅向深分别为84.3,37.4,39.1和10.5mg/kg,整体呈降低趋势.RDA和相关性分析结果显示,沉积物TOC含量、CRS/AVS值、含水率是影响研究区域RIS含量和赋存形态的重要因素,前者同时受地下水pH值、铁/硫比,以及水文地质条件的影响,后者同时受地下水CODMn和ORP值的影响.地下水中FeS的SI值在零值附近浮动,FeS2的SI>0.研究区域沉积物中RIS基本不受人为扰动影响,硫化物活性和生物有效性低,沉积物主要通过AVS沉淀/溶解以及ES歧化反应影响地下水中SO42-、硫化物、Fe、As的浓度水平.

还原性无机硫  /  空间分布  /  赋存形态  /  第四系沉积物  /  地下水  /  潮白河冲洪积扇

Based on core sampling, sequential extraction procedure in the laboratory, correlation analysis between sediments and groundwater, and mineral saturation index(SI)of groundwater, this paper explored the distribution, form and influencing factors of RIS in Quaternary sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan, in Beijing. Results showed that the content of RIS in the study area followed a descending order of: Pyrite-S(CRS)>essential sulfur(ES)>acid volatile sulfide(AVS), among which CRS accounting for 80.1%, ES and AVS accounting for 13.4% and 5.56% respectively. 67% of samples had CRS/AVS value higher than 3. The RIS content in sediments in the upper reaches was lower than that in the lower reaches, and RIS contents in the four aquifers from shallow to deep were 84.3, 37.4, 39.1 and 10.5mg/kg respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. The results of RDA and correlation analysis indicated that the TOC content, CRS/AVS value and water content in sediments were crucial factors affecting the content and form of RIS in the study area. Specifically, the content of RIS was also affected by the groundwater pH value, iron/sulfur ratio and hydrogeological conditions, and the form of RIS was affected by the CODMn and ORP of groundwater. The SI value of FeS in groundwater fluctuated around 0, and the SI value of FeS2>0. In summary, RIS in the sediments of the study area is basically unaffected by human disturbance, and the activity and bioavailability of sulfide are low. The sediments may affect the concentrations of sulfate, sulfide, iron and arsenic in groundwater mainly through AVS precipitation/dissolution and ES disproportionation reaction.

reduced inorganic sulfur  /  spatial distribution  /  form  /  Quaternary sediment  /  groundwater  /  Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan
陈吉吉, 荆红卫, 沈秀娥, 郭婧, 杨庆, 席玥, 徐蘇士, 郭华明, 高志鹏, 陶蕾. 北京潮白河中下游第四系沉积物还原性无机硫分布特征及其影响因素. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2735 -2744 .
Ji-ji CHEN, Hong-wei JING, Xiu-e SHEN, Jing GUO, Qing YANG, Yue XI, Su-shi XU, Hua-ming GUO, Zhi-peng GAO, Lei TAO. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of RIS in Quaternary sediments in the middle and lower reaches of Chaobai alluvial-proluvial fan, in Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2735 -2744 .
沉积物是自然过程和人类活动影响的产物,不仅能反映地层中不同元素的地球化学过程,还能反映赋存其中的地下水环境状况.硫元素作为继氮、磷、钾之后的第四位营养元素,其价态多,极易受到水文条件变化和外来物质输入的影响而发生复杂转化,是地下水地球化学循环的重要元素之一[1].硫酸盐是地下水的主要超标指标[2],近年来地下水硫化物超标现象也逐渐引起关注[3],还原性无机硫(RIS)作为沉积物硫最活跃的组分,耦合制约着铁、砷、硫等的环境地球化学行为[4-5],对识别地层沉积物中硫转化、地下水中硫酸盐/硫化物来源,进而保障地下水资源可持续利用及合理开发具有重要意义.
RIS包括酸可挥发性硫(AVS)、黄铁矿硫(CRS)和单质硫(ES).在早期成岩过程中,三种不同形态的无机硫随着氧化还原环境变化而相互转化,在硫还原菌的参与下,硫酸盐、氧化铁等还原为热动力不稳定的FeS,这是AVS最主要的成分[4],也是CRS和ES重要的前驱体[6].随着氧化性增强,FeS逐渐转化为稳定的黄铁矿硫(FeS2),FeS2是硫化物中热力学最稳定的形式,也是CRS最主要的成分[4,6].单质硫(ES)是沉积物中的硫化亚铁(FeS)、二硫化铁(FeS2)和硫氢根离子等被铁锰氧化物、氧气、硝酸盐不完全氧化后生成的中间产物[7],既可以在碱性条件下发生歧化反应,生成SO42-和S2-,又可以与S2-反应生成多硫化物,参与CRS的形成[6,8].近年来,沉积物RIS的迁移转化重点聚焦在入海口[6,9]、河流[4]、湖泊[10]、水库[11]等水体的浅层沉积物中,在TOC、氧化还原环境、含水率、pH值等多变条件下,地层沉积物硫迁移转化及分布格局很难被准确描述,致使地层沉积物中RIS分布特征、迁移转化、主要影响因素等鲜有报道.
本研究以北京市潮白河中下游地区5个100~300m深的钻孔为研究对象,通过探讨沉积物RIS的含量水平、赋存形态及分布规律,分析其与其他沉积物、地下水指标间的相互关系,识别RIS的地球化学特征和生态风险,揭示RIS与地下水中硫、铁、砷等的耦合机制,以期为全市地下水资源可持续利用和合理开发提供参考、为地下水监测和有效管理提供科学依据.
研究区域位于潮白河冲洪积扇的中下游,中游和下游的界限大致与通州和顺义区的行政边界一致,中游地层为砂砾、粗砂和黏土、亚黏土的多层结构,下游地层含水层颗粒更细,基本为细砂、粉砂与黏土、亚黏土互层的多层含水层结构[12],水文地质剖面信息详见图1b.在这一界限的北部,受新构造运动的影响,形成后沙峪凹陷中心,第四系最大厚度达1000m左右[13];在这一界限的南部,第四系厚度显著增加,最厚处位于张家湾一带,达到600余m[12].
依据地层沉积规律、时代特征,地下含水层结构,并结合地下水开发利用现状、水质量状况,在垂向上将研究区域划分成四个主要含水层[14].其中,第一含水层组为第四纪全新世冲洪积层,底部深度为50m,第二含水层组为第四纪上更新世冲洪积层,底部深度为80~120m;第三含水层组为第四纪中更新世冲洪积层,底部深度约为180m;第四含水层组为第四纪下更新世冲洪积层,具有多层结构,底部深度约为260~300m[13,15].
平原区浅层地下水主要以垂直入渗补给为主,接受大气降水和灌溉水入渗补给.平原区深层地下水的补给,在天然条件下以侧向径流补给为主,开采条件下有垂向越流补给[14].
选取研究区域内K01(昌平小汤山地区)、K02(顺义后沙峪地区)、K03(顺义仁和地区)、K04(通州潞城地区)和K05(通州张家湾地区)共5个钻孔开展不同深度的沉积物取样工作(图1),钻孔深度分别为300,300,100,100和300m,共采集不同深度沉积物样品90份,其中K01、K02、K03、K04和K05沉积物样品分别21、16、19、15、19份,第一、二、三、四含水层沉积物样品35、19、17、19份.现场采集的沉积物样品先后用保鲜膜、锡纸包裹,然后将未干扰样品在厌氧(高纯氮气环境)、低温(4℃)、避光条件下保存在无菌袋中送至实验室-80℃超低温冰箱保存,并在两周内进行分析测试.
沉积物中含水率的测定采用烘干法,通过计算105℃恒温干燥箱烘干前后的沉积物质量变化,计算出含水率.采用冷扩散三步连续提取方法,提取沉积物中的AVS、CRS和ES,采用亚甲基蓝分光光度法,测定3种形态还原性无机硫的含量.沉积物用量为3g,详细分析方法见文献[7].Fe、Mn和As采用手持便携式XRF仪(XL3t800,Thermo Niton)进行测定,样品测试方法详见文献[16].采用重铬酸钾氧化法,测定沉积物样品的TOC含量[7].沉积物可交换态铵氮、硝氮的测定流程为:冷冻干燥后的沉积物与2mol/L KCl溶液以1:5的比例置于PE离心管中(本次实验使用了8g沉积物、40mL 2mol/L KCl溶液),25 ℃以150r/min转速震荡1h,然后以1500r/min转速离心20min,离心后,取上清液用0.22 μm纤维滤膜过滤,运用分光光度计测试溶液中铵态氮、硝酸盐氮的含量.使用X射线粉晶衍射光谱(XRD,ART-XRAY,Thermo)分析沉积物中的矿物组成,新鲜沉积物样品经冷冻干燥后用玛瑙研钵研磨至300目,制成电镜薄片,在加速电压为3~10kV的条件下,采用蔡斯Supra 35VP扫描电镜确定沉积物中矿物的镜下形态.
每个钻孔的每个含水层各采集一个地下水样品,共采集地下水样品16个,其中K01、K02、K03、K04和K05钻孔地下水分别4、4、2、2、4个.地下水样品采集和流转严格按照《地下水环境监测技术规范》(HJ 164-2020)[17]进行.采样前先进行洗井,洗井抽出水量达到井内水体积的3~5倍时,结束洗井并测试水温、pH值、氧化还原点位(ORP)等现场指标,随后开始采样(Fe、Mn水样过0.45μm滤膜),样品采集完成后置于4℃恒温箱中保存,并于当天送至实验室进行测试分析.
所有地下水样品测试其水温、pH值、ORP、总硬度(TH)、溶解性总固体(TDS)、HCO3-、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、Fe、Mn、As、硫化物、NH4+-N、NO3--N等指标.分析测试方法详见《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848-2017)[18].
实验数据采用ArcMap 10.2、Sigmaplot 12.5作图;利用Canoco 5进行RDA分析;通过PHREEQC软件进行地球化学模拟,计算矿物溶解沉淀过程结果的饱和指数(SI);利用SPSS 20.0分析软件进行相关性、显著性分析.
Cl-是地下水中极为保守的离子,其在淡水环境下基本不参与化学反应和离子交换[19].据此,在研究地下水中硫酸盐和硫化物时,利用Cl-的保守性,通过计算硫酸盐、硫化物的相对含量(SO42-/Cl-、硫化物/Cl-)来消除稀释和蒸发影响.
在潮白河中下游地区,第四系沉积物中RIS含量范围为1.65~423mg/kg,均值为50.3mg/kg,其中AVS的含量范围为0.044~26.4mg/kg,均值为2.79mg/kg;CRS的含量范围为0.041~418mg/kg,均值为40.7mg/kg;ES的含量范围为0.046~243mg/kg,均值为6.76mg/kg. CRS/AVS值介于0.002~716.3之间,均值为21.6,67%的点位CRS/AVS>3.总体上,沉积物中各组分含量自高向低为:CRS>ES>AVS,其中CRS占RIS的80.1%,ES和AVS含量分别占RIS的13.4%和5.56%.
与前人研究结果一致[12],自中游向下游,研究区域含水层颗粒逐渐变细、厚度变小,黏土、亚黏土互层现象增多.
矿物相测定结果显示,研究区沉积物矿物相组成主要以斜长石、石英、钾长石为主(表1),70%以上样品同时含有方解石、伊利石、闪石;41%以上样品含有绿泥石,极少数样品(少于8%)含有赤铁矿、伊蒙混层、黄铁矿.其中,赤铁矿分布在K01钻孔的170~278m,伊蒙混层样品分布在K01钻孔的190和278m、K05钻孔的270m;黄铁矿分布在K05的30m,150和200m处.
图2表2可见,位于冲洪积扇中上游地区的K01钻孔RIS含量最低,平均含量为9.84mg/kg,该点位CRS占比最低,为47.24%,ES和AVS占比分别为26.45%和26.31%.K02、K03、K04和K05钻孔RIS含量整体较高,平均含量分别为41.94,86.85,52.20和63.97mg/kg,四个钻孔中K02、K03和K04钻孔ES和AVS占比均<9.00%,而K05钻孔ES和AVS占比分别为34.0%和2.00%.
受沉积物空间异质性影响,不同钻孔的含水率、TOC和RIS在垂直方向上的规律性表现不突出(图3).考虑到北京市平原区含水层组划分和地下水采样情况,依据取样深度将沉积物划分成四个含水层组,沉积物中不同含水层相关指标的浓度水平见表3.
表3可见,RIS平均含量自浅向深分别为84.3,37.4,39.1和10.5mg/kg,整体呈降低趋势.第一、二、三含水层CRS占RIS的比例介于68.63%~88.33%之间,AVS占RIS的比例<5.00%,ES占RIS的比例分别为11.01%、6.90%和28.06%.第四含水层CRS占RIS的比例相对较低,为39.42%,AVS和ES占RIS比例较高,分别为36.43%和24.15%.与矿物相分析结果一致,K05钻孔在第一、三含水层出现明显的RIS含量峰值.
为了进一步分析沉积物中各组分来源,选取沉积物中RIS、AVS、CRS、ES、硝酸盐氮、氨氮、锰、铁、砷等9项指标作为响应变量,选取沉积物采样深度、含水率、TOC,以及地下水水温、pH值、ORP值、CODMn等7项指标作为环境变量,所有指标进行标准化后,分析沉积物中各组分来源、以及环境变量对RIS含量及组分的影响情况(图4).
RDA分析结果显示,不同钻孔或不同含水层样品没有明显的聚类关系,沉积物中AVS、CRS同源,ES、砷和TOC同源,铁、锰同源(图4).所有变量中,沉积物的TOC含量,地下水CODMn和ORP值,是影响研究区域沉积物组分的显著环境变量(P<0.05).
相关性分析结果显示,沉积物RIS含量与沉积物TOC含量(r=0.555,P<0.05)、沉积物砷含量(r=0.570,P<0.05)显著正相关,与取样深度显著负相关(r=-0.555,P<0.05));沉积物ES含量与沉积物TOC含量(r=0.920,P<0.01)、砷含量(r=0.949,P<0.01)显著正相关.沉积物AVS含量与地下水CODMnr=0.573,P<0.05)显著正相关;沉积物CRS含量与地下水pH值(r=-0.508,P<0.05)显著负相关,与地下水CODMnr=0.518,P<0.05)显著正相关.沉积物含水率与CRS占比显著正相关(r=0.677,P<0.01),与ES占比显著负相关(r=-0.584,P<0.05),与AVS占比负相关(r=-0.469,P>0.05).
除K02的20~25m、K03的22~23m、37~38m和97~98m,以及K05的10~20m和150~160m外,研究区域其余84个样品的RIS含量均在海洋沉积物硫化物第一类标准以内(≤300mg/kg)[20],沉积物中RIS、AVS含量普遍低于入海口[6,9]、河流[4]、湖泊[10]、水库[11]等沉积物中含量水平(表4).研究区域沉积物TOC含量为ND~32.9g/kg,平均值为1.60g/kg,低于世界大陆架的平均值0.75%[9];地下水TOC浓度范围为ND~15.30mg/L,均值为3.56mg/L,硫酸盐含量范围为0.05~111.00mg/L,均值为34.69mg/L[15],与表4中研究对象相比,沉积物中偏低的TOC含量不利于沉积物中硫酸盐在早期成岩过程下的还原[4],地下水中偏低的碳、硫含量不利于AVS生成,两者共同作用导致研究区域沉积物中RIS、AVS含量普遍偏低.K02、K03和K05钻孔个别层位偏高的RIS含量则可能与南口—孙河断裂带第四纪以来强烈活动,接受了大量巨厚的第四纪沉积物有关[21],较快的沉降和沉积有利于有机质的保存.RIS组成特征亦可反映沉积物受人为扰动的影响程度[11,22-25],由表4可见,北部湾、九龙江、黄海北部等沉积物均呈现CRS>AVS>ES,巢湖沉积物的RIS则以AVS为主,仅三峡库区RIS赋存形态与本次研究相同,为CRS>ES>AVS.一般认为有机质含量高、极端厌氧的水环境中,AVS很难与沉积物中的S0发生氧化反应,从而导致AVS积累[11,22-23],未受污染的湖泊沉积物中各形态硫含量较低[23],AVS含量范围为128.2~416.9mg/kg[11,25].偏低的RIS含量、AVS含量及占比,指示研究区域的沉积物基本不受人为扰动影响.
CRS/AVS普遍被用来衡量沉积环境的稳定性,当该值<3时,代表AVS不能被高效地转化为稳定的黄铁矿(CRS),沉积物中硫化物的活性和对生物的有效性高[5];当CRS/AVS>3,则表明AVS能有效转化为稳定的黄铁矿,不易释放亚硫酸盐或者重金属[6,19,26-28].研究区域偏高的CRS/AVS值,说明潮白河中下游地区第四系沉积物中RIS主要是以稳定的CRS存在,沉积物中硫化物活性和生物有效性低,沉积环境较稳定.
H2S在硫酸盐还原带形成之后就标志着成岩作用的硫循环开始[28].生成的H2S一分部与氧化铁等反应生成FeS(AVS),另一部分被O2、硝酸盐、锰氧化物、铁氧化物等氧化为中间价态的S0(ES)/SO32-/Sn2-或硫酸盐,中间价态的硫不仅会发生歧化反应、氧化反应,还会与FeS(AVS)结合生成FeS2(CRS).与前人研究结果一致[10],研究区域沉积物中RIS、ES没有与铁显示出同源性或相关性,可能是由于沉积物中的铁主要以铁(氢)氧化物矿物存在,而非铁硫化物,且沉积物中铁(氢)氧化物含量显著高于砷和硫.砷和ES同源,说明研究区域铁硫化物矿物可能是控制砷分布的重要因素,砷会通过原子取代黄铁矿中的S而进入其晶格结构,且从动力学角度As更倾向于与S结合而不是与铁结合[29].
地下水中S、As、Fe等的相互关系对沉积物中RIS的赋存形态有重要的指示作用[29].研究区域地下水中硫化亚铁(FeS)SI值介于-7.52~0.30之间,均值为-1.09,FeS的SI值在在零值附近浮动,为近饱和状态.AVS与地下水中硫化物/Cl-r=0.455,P=0.077)正相关,受水体CODMn的显著影响(P<0.05),表明略微的地层环境变化,特别是水体有机碳(CODMn)浓度的波动,会显著影响FeS的溶解或沉淀,进而影响沉积物中AVS含量水平,同时,除沉积物硫酸盐还原外,地下水中硫化物浓度同样是影响AVS含量的重要因素.
尽管本次研究中RIS与地下水中Fe、As无明显的相关性,但CRS与地下水中Fe(r=0.046)、As(r=0.367)均呈较弱的正相关关系,说明水体中较高含量的Fe、As对CRS的生成有促进作用.研究区域黄铁矿(FeS2)SI值介于16.29~31.48之间,均值为21.02,ES(r=0.342)、AVS(r=0.426)均与CRS呈弱正相关关系,且CRS和AVS同源(图4),指示在缺氧或ES存在时,水体中AVS会进一步转化为黄铁矿(CRS)沉淀,这与研究区域沉积物中偏高的CRS/AVS值指示意义一致.
ES与地下水中Fe(r=-0.185)、As(r=-0.137)均呈较弱的负相关关系,指示研究区域可能存在单质硫的歧化反应[30](式1),生成的S2-与As共沉淀、或是与Fe等沉淀同时吸附As,导致地下水中Fe、As浓度降低[31],ES含量越高,越有利于该反应的进行,进而出现沉积物中ES与砷同源(图4)、呈显著正相关关系的现象.研究区域地下水中硫化物和SO42-呈正相关关系(r=0.495,P=0.051)亦可证实该观点,一方面,SO42-的增加可以刺激硫酸盐还原菌等微生物的生长,从而使地下水中硫化物浓度处于较高水平[32-33];另一方面,ES的歧化反应,也会导致地下水中硫化物和SO42-浓度同时升高.
与其他点位相比,平面上研究区域K01钻孔、垂向上第四含水层RIS含量较低(表2表3).根据沉积物、地下水中相关指标浓度水平及相关性,推测控制研究区域RIS含量分布的因素主要包括:(1)沉积物中TOC含量.与前人研究结果一致[6,9],研究区域RIS与沉积物中TOC含量正相关,偏低的TOC不利于K01钻孔和第四含水层沉积物中硫酸盐的还原.沉积物早期成岩作用的主要驱动力为机质降解,TOC含量降低的同时伴随着O2、硝酸盐、锰、铁、硫酸盐等的还原[28],随着深度增加,地层中DO浓度降低,TOC消耗速率降低,硝酸盐、锰氧化物、铁氧化物等的还原对硫酸盐还原产生竞争抑制作用[9,34],RIS含量随之降低.(2)CRS/AVS比值.一般认为该比值<3时,AVS不能被高效地转化为稳定的黄铁矿(CRS)得到贮存[6,19,26-27].与其他点位相比,K01钻孔、垂向上地四含水层CRS/AVS<5.00,远低于研究区域其他钻孔/含水层的CRS/AVS值(表2表3),意味着生成的AVS不能像研究区域其他点位一样有效转化为稳定态的CRS得到积累.该指标可能也是导致第三、四含水层在相近的沉积物TOC含量、地下水铁/硫比条件下,RIS含量出现显著差异的最主要原因.(3)沉积物含水率.较低的含水率一般伴随着较小的RIS含量(表2表3).前期调查结果亦显示,与其他钻孔相比,K01钻孔所在区域富水性较差(图1a).(4)地下水的pH值、铁/硫比等.研究区域pH值和CRS含量显著负相关,以上RIS偏低的钻孔/含水层整体呈现地下水中pH值偏高的现象.同时,RIS含量偏低的点位铁/硫比偏低(表5表6),极低的铁/硫比意味着没有足够的铁生成AVS[11].(5)水文地质条件.五个钻孔中仅K01钻孔检出赤铁矿,偏氧化的环境不利于地层中硫酸盐矿物还原,可能也是K01钻孔RIS含量偏低的重要原因.同时,研究区域沉积物中砷和RIS显著正相关,沉积物中As主要与含Fe矿物共存[29],而黏土层中铁含量普遍高于非黏土层[15],中下游地区偏高的黏土比重为RIS富集提供了有利条件[4,29].此外,与其他钻孔相比,K01钻孔位于中上游地区,较好的水动力条件不利于沉积物中RIS富集[4].
采用多元线性回归分析进一步定量沉积物中TOC、CRS/AVS和含水率对RIS含量的影响程度,结果显示,回归方程显著(F=33.82,P<0.001)、无共线性问题(VIF<1.10).TOC(B=8.57,P<0.001)和CRS/AVS(B=2.75,P<0.001)均能够显著正向预测RIS含量,含水率不能预测RIS含量(B=2.03,P=0.121),这些变量共解释RIS含量54.30%的变异.三个自变量中,TOC回归系数最大,影响程度最高,CRS/AVS次之.研究区域内沉积物含水率与RIS含量呈对数关系(y=2.345lnx+4.879,R=0.559),可能是导致分析结果中含水率不能预测RIS含量的主要原因.
沉积物中RIS相似的赋存形态表明其可能存在类似的沉积历史环境和无机硫转化过程.K01钻孔和第四含水层类似,均呈现ES和AVS占比同时偏高的现象,一方面,该钻孔/含水层含水率相对偏低且CRS/AVS<5,含水率与ES、AVS占比呈明显的负相关关系,偏低的CRS/AVS比值意味着随着外界氧化还原条件的波动,AVS易转化为中间产物ES,而非CRS.另一方面,沉积物中Fe(Ⅲ)的减少主要通过微生物还原(式2)和硫化物等的化学还原(式3)[9],K01钻孔和第四含水层沉积物中TOC含量偏低(表2表3),Fe(Ⅲ)的微生物还原途径可能受到抑制,主要表现为化学还原[9],进而出现沉积物中ES和AVS占比同时偏高的现象.
K05钻孔和第三含水层类似,均呈现仅ES占比偏高的现象.以上钻孔/含水层CRS/AVS>5,意味着一旦生成AVS,其将有效被转化为CRS进行贮存.同时,研究区域地下水中CODMn和AVS显著正相关,沉积物中AVS的大量积累一般伴随着充足的有机质含量[10],以上钻孔/含水层偏低的CODMn浓度(表5表6)不利于AVS的形成和积累.波动的ORP值也是影响RIS赋存形态的重要因素(图4[7,28],第三含水层ORP值介于第四含水层和第一、二含水层之间(表6),K05钻孔沉积物TOC含量(表2)、地下水ORP值(表5)普遍高于其他点位,较高的TOC为沉积环境提供了充足的电子,地下水中偏高的ORP值为其RIS形态变化提供了一定的自由氧,导致沉积物中硫酸盐还原产物H2S更倾向于被氧化为中间价态的S0(ES).此外,与其他钻孔相比,K05钻孔FeS的SI值最低,介于-7.52~-0.70之间,指示该点位FeS处于溶解状态,与其沉积物极低的AVS含量一致.K05钻孔特殊的地层环境可能与断裂带(南口-孙河断裂东段)、历史地下水超采共同作用形成的地下水降落漏斗有关,该钻孔位于朝阳黑庄户至通州城区-张家湾-台湖-次渠沉降区[13],地下水开采以深层地下水为主,历史最大沉降速度超过2~3m/a[35].
5.1 RIS各组分含量自高到低分别为CRS>ES>AVS.偏低的RIS含量、AVS含量及占比,偏高的CRS/AVS值,表明研究区域的沉积物基本不受人为扰动影响,RIS主要是以稳定的CRS存在,沉积物中硫化物活性、生物有效性低.
5.2 研究区域AVS含量受FeS沉淀/溶解的控制,略微的地层环境变化,特别是水体有机碳(CODMn)浓度的波动,会显著影响其含量水平;CRS主要来自铁硫化物沉淀,基本无溶解现象;ES与砷同源,可能通过歧化反应影响地下水中硫酸盐、硫化物浓度水平.沉积物主要通过AVS沉淀/溶解,以及ES歧化反应影响地下水中SO42-、硫化物、Fe、As的浓度水平.
5.3 沿地下水流向,中上游地区沉积物中RIS含量低于下游;自浅向深,RIS含量呈降低趋势.沉积物TOC含量、CRS/AVS值和含水率是影响研究区域RIS含量、赋存形态的重要因素,前者同时受地下水pH值、铁/硫比,以及水文地质条件的影响,后者同时受地下水CODMn和ORP值的影响.
  • 北京市平原区地下水环境背景值调查研究项目
  • 国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1809000)
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  • 接收时间:2024-10-09
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09
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北京市平原区地下水环境背景值调查研究项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1809000)
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    1.北京市生态环境监测中心,北京 100048
    2.国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室,北京 100871
    3.北京市地质环境监测所,北京 100195
    4.中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京 100083

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