Article(id=1241057219219870360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725897600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773820698789, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1747670400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773820698789, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773820698789, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773820698789, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241057209744945780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='2369', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773820696530, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773820837005, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241057798994325889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241057798994325890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, issueId=1241057209744945780, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2620, endPage=2630, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241057219605746367, articleId=1241057219219870360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=EN, title=Phytoremediation potential of Cd and As co-contaminated soil by Robinia pseudoacacia L. intercropped with hyperaccumulators, columnId=1234106389669409584, journalTitle=China Environmental Science, columnName=Soil Pollution Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The remediation effect of Robinia pseudoacacia L. intercropped with Solanum nigrum L. and Pteris vittate L. on Cd and As contaminated soil was studied through a pot experiment. The results showed that the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. could promote the growth and the uptake of Cd and As in S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L., and reduce the content of Cd and As in soil, as well as enhance soil enzyme activities. Compared with the monocultures of S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L., the whole biomass of S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L. was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 50.4% and 86.2% when intercropped with R. pseudoacacia L. Meanwhile, the contents of Cd and As in the leaves of S. nigrum L. were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 78.4% and 260.7%, respectively. The total accumulation of As in aboveground parts of all plants under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L. was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 1.11 and 2.17 times compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or S. nigrum L., and the total accumulation of Cd was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 1.89 and 15.72 times compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or P. vittate L. Moreover, the contents of available Cd and As in soil under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with two hyperaccumulators were significantly reduced(P<0.05)by 23.6% and 17.0% compared with the control, respectively. Meanwhile, the contents of soil organic matter and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 46.2%~83.2% and 18.5%~26.4% as compared with the monocultures, the activities of soil catalase was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 43.7%~53.0% compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or P. vittate L., the soil sucrase and urease activities were also significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 11.5%~28.4% and 20.6%~36.4% compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. and S. nigrum L., respectively. The results suggested that the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with two different types of hyperaccumulator could effectively uptake and accumulate Cd and As to reduce the bioavailability of Cd and As in the contaminated soil, and effectively improve the soil environmental quality, which could be considered as a promising intercropping model for the simultaneous remediation of Cd and As contaminated soil in mining areas.

, correspAuthors=Peng ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hao LI, Can LEI, De-zheng WANG, Di-fan SHE, Peng ZENG, Bo-yan DU, Hang ZHOU, Jiao-feng GU, Bo-han LIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241057221887447937, articleId=1241057219219870360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=刺槐间作超富集植物修复镉砷复合污染土壤潜力研究, columnId=1234106394572550190, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=土壤污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

通过盆栽试验,研究刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物龙葵和蜈蚣草对镉(Cd)和砷(As)复合污染土壤的修复效果.结果表明,间作刺槐可促进超富集植物龙葵和蜈蚣草的生长和Cd和As的吸收,降低土壤中Cd和As有效态含量,并提高土壤酶活性.刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作处理下,龙葵和蜈蚣草的整株生物量较其单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高50.4%和86.2%,同时龙葵叶部Cd和As含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高78.4%和260.7%.刺槐间作龙葵和蜈蚣草处理下所有植物地上部分As累积总量较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.11倍和2.17倍,Cd累积总量较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.89倍和15.72倍,土壤有效态Cd和As含量较对照分别显著(P<0.05)降低23.6%和17.0%.同时,土壤有机质和碱解氮含量较刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作明显(P<0.05)提高46.2%~83.2%和18.5%~26.4%,土壤过氧化氢酶活性较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高43.7%~53.0%,蔗糖酶和脲酶活性较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高11.5%~28.4%和20.6%~36.4%.上述研究表明,刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物可有效吸收和富集污染土壤中的Cd和As来降低土壤中Cd和As的生物有效性,同时有效改善土壤环境质量,可作为一种具有前景的间作模式应用于矿区Cd和As污染土壤的同步修复.

, correspAuthors=曾鹏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 责任作者,副教授,
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李昊(2002-),男,天津人,本科生,主要从事重金属污染土壤修复..

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Chinese Journal of Ecology200928(8):1537-1543., articleTitle=Soil enzyme activities and their relations with soil fertility in a tea plantation under straw mulching and white clover intercropping, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057234965287795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, awardId=42207008, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42207008), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057235095311229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, awardId=S202310538053, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310538053), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057222369792931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057222415930284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, companyId=1241057222369792931, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Ecology and Environment, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057222436901807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, companyId=1241057222369792931, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中南林业科技大学生态环境学院,湖南 长沙 410004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057231031030325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Change of the biomass of R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators under the intercropping treatments, figureFileSmall=C+eSUm4mpSK2zEjtkjsbHQ==, figureFileBig=peaGmedcBASnUaf60AGkQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231140082246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图1, caption=间作下刺槐和超富集植物生物量的变化

不同字母表示间作与单作处理间具有显著差异,下同

, figureFileSmall=C+eSUm4mpSK2zEjtkjsbHQ==, figureFileBig=peaGmedcBASnUaf60AGkQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231450460780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Changes of Cd and As contents in R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators under the intercropping treatments, figureFileSmall=Vf76c3P9faRSRtfOfvJd6w==, figureFileBig=M8IVcOJkiadRYkLSAE051w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231530152565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图2, caption=间作下刺槐和超富集植物体内Cd和As含量的变化, figureFileSmall=Vf76c3P9faRSRtfOfvJd6w==, figureFileBig=M8IVcOJkiadRYkLSAE051w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231647593092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Change of soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with hyperaccumulators, figureFileSmall=oMB7n9YpuPz353JObyb45w==, figureFileBig=MI7BvHIkEOmoELC2wBy6Mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231752450705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图3, caption=刺槐-超富集植物间作下土壤pH值、有机质、有效磷和碱解氮含量的变化, figureFileSmall=oMB7n9YpuPz353JObyb45w==, figureFileBig=MI7BvHIkEOmoELC2wBy6Mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057231865696927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Changes of available Cd and As contents in soil under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators, figureFileSmall=ccc0txWUphOE/GbkbdKmcQ==, figureFileBig=CfIS5eJ5RVGLwFVU48+RVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232008303285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图4, caption=刺槐-超富集植物间作下土壤有效态Cd和As含量的变化, figureFileSmall=ccc0txWUphOE/GbkbdKmcQ==, figureFileBig=CfIS5eJ5RVGLwFVU48+RVw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232138326727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Changes of soil enzyme activities under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators, figureFileSmall=+pZetYm/w/+hXcoAKRkWLA==, figureFileBig=GXwYe2BlMiS8RYHLWIU7Lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232306098907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图5, caption=刺槐-超富集植物间作下土壤酶活性的变化, figureFileSmall=+pZetYm/w/+hXcoAKRkWLA==, figureFileBig=GXwYe2BlMiS8RYHLWIU7Lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232431928044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Correlation analysis of total Cd and As accumulation and soil environmental factors under intercropping of under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators, figureFileSmall=VBxo+FVnm9X8zAAfKMuc0Q==, figureFileBig=AHv6elJGsXneHZfzeQrC9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232557757175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=图6, caption=刺槐间作超富集植物处理下Cd和As累积总量与土壤环境因子的相关性分析

*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01, ***表示P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=VBxo+FVnm9X8zAAfKMuc0Q==, figureFileBig=AHv6elJGsXneHZfzeQrC9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057232733917956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Change of BCF of Cd and As in R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators under the intercropping treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
植物处理富集系数(BCF地上部富集系数(BCF
CdAsCdAs
刺槐R0.26±0.022a0.048±0.0039b0.065±0.016b0.017±0.003a
RS0.23±0.0022a0.078±0.011a0.11±0.030b0.029±0.0028a
RP0.23±0.010a0.068±0.0083a0.064±0.041b0.025±0.0069a
RSP0.26±0.046a0.084±0.015a0.31±0.029a0.029±0.009a
龙葵S3.32±0.10b0.095±0.011b1.30±0.062ab0.065±0.0095b
RS3.83±0.58ab0.054±0.004c1.17±0.026b0.083±0.014b
RSP4.04±0.13a0.25±0.010a1.56±0.29a0.12±0.023a
蜈蚣草P0.43±0.076a1.81±0.15a0.15±0.023c1.0±0.030a
RP0.38±0.051a1.76±0.12a0.18±0.014b0.93±0.053a
RSP0.35±0.038a1.88±0.13a0.28±0.0074a0.98±0.026a
), ArticleFig(id=1241057232905884445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

间作处理下刺槐和超富集植物体内Cd和As富集系数的变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
植物处理富集系数(BCF地上部富集系数(BCF
CdAsCdAs
刺槐R0.26±0.022a0.048±0.0039b0.065±0.016b0.017±0.003a
RS0.23±0.0022a0.078±0.011a0.11±0.030b0.029±0.0028a
RP0.23±0.010a0.068±0.0083a0.064±0.041b0.025±0.0069a
RSP0.26±0.046a0.084±0.015a0.31±0.029a0.029±0.009a
龙葵S3.32±0.10b0.095±0.011b1.30±0.062ab0.065±0.0095b
RS3.83±0.58ab0.054±0.004c1.17±0.026b0.083±0.014b
RSP4.04±0.13a0.25±0.010a1.56±0.29a0.12±0.023a
蜈蚣草P0.43±0.076a1.81±0.15a0.15±0.023c1.0±0.030a
RP0.38±0.051a1.76±0.12a0.18±0.014b0.93±0.053a
RSP0.35±0.038a1.88±0.13a0.28±0.0074a0.98±0.026a
), ArticleFig(id=1241057233044296490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Change of TF of Cd and As in R. pseudoacacia L. and hyperaccumulators under the intercropping treatments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
植物处理转运系数(TF根-茎转运系数(TF茎-叶
CdAsCdAs
刺槐R1.11±0.57a0.67±0.085a3.12±0.89b3.13±0.52b
RS0.59±0.18ab0.25±0.048b2.8±0.28b9.93±2.3a
RP0.81±0.40ab0.42±0.25ab4.53±0.51a7.07±2.72ab
RSP0.24±0.10b0.30±0.072b2.62±0.64b9.52±2.92a
龙葵S1.31±0.13a0.60±0.092a0.78±0.031b1.44±0.096b
RS1.34±0.30a0.36±0.13b1.49±0.031a1.91±0.79b
RSP1.06±0.16a0.27±0.013b1.45±0.18a7.08±1.80a
蜈蚣草P0.41±0.14b0.54±0.088b6.43±1.62a2.32±0.33a
RP0.62±0.047a0.66±0.095ab2.32±0.053b1.95±0.3ab
RSP0.23±0.099b0.76±0.098a4.86±1.55ab1.55±0.13b
), ArticleFig(id=1241057233182708541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

间作对植物体内Cd和As的转运系数的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
植物处理转运系数(TF根-茎转运系数(TF茎-叶
CdAsCdAs
刺槐R1.11±0.57a0.67±0.085a3.12±0.89b3.13±0.52b
RS0.59±0.18ab0.25±0.048b2.8±0.28b9.93±2.3a
RP0.81±0.40ab0.42±0.25ab4.53±0.51a7.07±2.72ab
RSP0.24±0.10b0.30±0.072b2.62±0.64b9.52±2.92a
龙葵S1.31±0.13a0.60±0.092a0.78±0.031b1.44±0.096b
RS1.34±0.30a0.36±0.13b1.49±0.031a1.91±0.79b
RSP1.06±0.16a0.27±0.013b1.45±0.18a7.08±1.80a
蜈蚣草P0.41±0.14b0.54±0.088b6.43±1.62a2.32±0.33a
RP0.62±0.047a0.66±0.095ab2.32±0.053b1.95±0.3ab
RSP0.23±0.099b0.76±0.098a4.86±1.55ab1.55±0.13b
), ArticleFig(id=1241057234675880790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Total accumulation amounts of Cd and As in the monoculture and intercropping treatments(mg/pot)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
金属类型部位种植模式
RSPRSRPRSP
Cd地上部0.37±0.053d1.72±0.25a0.064±0.0031e0.83±0.024c0.20±0.0051de1.07±0.12b
0.17±0.050b0.11±0.028c0.011±0.0029d0.16±0.036bc0.050±0.0034d0.31±0.022a
As地上部0.18±0.026c0.12±0.021c0.61±0.038a0.16±0.018c0.41±0.027b0.38±0.066b
0.12±0.0073c0.015±0.0074d0.19±0.043b0.11±0.035c0.28±0.049a0.33±0.037a
), ArticleFig(id=1241057234810098528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057219219870360, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

单作和间作体系对Cd和As的累积总量(mg/pot)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
金属类型部位种植模式
RSPRSRPRSP
Cd地上部0.37±0.053d1.72±0.25a0.064±0.0031e0.83±0.024c0.20±0.0051de1.07±0.12b
0.17±0.050b0.11±0.028c0.011±0.0029d0.16±0.036bc0.050±0.0034d0.31±0.022a
As地上部0.18±0.026c0.12±0.021c0.61±0.038a0.16±0.018c0.41±0.027b0.38±0.066b
0.12±0.0073c0.015±0.0074d0.19±0.043b0.11±0.035c0.28±0.049a0.33±0.037a
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刺槐间作超富集植物修复镉砷复合污染土壤潜力研究
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李昊 , 雷灿 , 王德正 , 佘迪凡 , 曾鹏 * , 杜博研 , 周航 , 辜娇峰 , 廖柏寒
中国环境科学 | 土壤污染与控制 2025,45(5): 2620-2630
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中国环境科学 | 土壤污染与控制 2025, 45(5): 2620-2630
刺槐间作超富集植物修复镉砷复合污染土壤潜力研究
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李昊 , 雷灿, 王德正, 佘迪凡, 曾鹏* , 杜博研, 周航, 辜娇峰, 廖柏寒
作者信息
  • 中南林业科技大学生态环境学院,湖南 长沙 410004
  • 李昊(2002-),男,天津人,本科生,主要从事重金属污染土壤修复..

通讯作者:

* 责任作者,副教授,
Phytoremediation potential of Cd and As co-contaminated soil by Robinia pseudoacacia L. intercropped with hyperaccumulators
Hao LI , Can LEI, De-zheng WANG, Di-fan SHE, Peng ZENG* , Bo-yan DU, Hang ZHOU, Jiao-feng GU, Bo-han LIAO
Affiliations
  • College of Ecology and Environment, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
出版时间: 2025-05-20
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通过盆栽试验,研究刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物龙葵和蜈蚣草对镉(Cd)和砷(As)复合污染土壤的修复效果.结果表明,间作刺槐可促进超富集植物龙葵和蜈蚣草的生长和Cd和As的吸收,降低土壤中Cd和As有效态含量,并提高土壤酶活性.刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作处理下,龙葵和蜈蚣草的整株生物量较其单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高50.4%和86.2%,同时龙葵叶部Cd和As含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高78.4%和260.7%.刺槐间作龙葵和蜈蚣草处理下所有植物地上部分As累积总量较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.11倍和2.17倍,Cd累积总量较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.89倍和15.72倍,土壤有效态Cd和As含量较对照分别显著(P<0.05)降低23.6%和17.0%.同时,土壤有机质和碱解氮含量较刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作明显(P<0.05)提高46.2%~83.2%和18.5%~26.4%,土壤过氧化氢酶活性较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高43.7%~53.0%,蔗糖酶和脲酶活性较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高11.5%~28.4%和20.6%~36.4%.上述研究表明,刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物可有效吸收和富集污染土壤中的Cd和As来降低土壤中Cd和As的生物有效性,同时有效改善土壤环境质量,可作为一种具有前景的间作模式应用于矿区Cd和As污染土壤的同步修复.

刺槐  /  超富集植物  /  间作  /  镉  /  砷

The remediation effect of Robinia pseudoacacia L. intercropped with Solanum nigrum L. and Pteris vittate L. on Cd and As contaminated soil was studied through a pot experiment. The results showed that the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. could promote the growth and the uptake of Cd and As in S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L., and reduce the content of Cd and As in soil, as well as enhance soil enzyme activities. Compared with the monocultures of S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L., the whole biomass of S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L. was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 50.4% and 86.2% when intercropped with R. pseudoacacia L. Meanwhile, the contents of Cd and As in the leaves of S. nigrum L. were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 78.4% and 260.7%, respectively. The total accumulation of As in aboveground parts of all plants under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with S. nigrum L. and P. vittate L. was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 1.11 and 2.17 times compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or S. nigrum L., and the total accumulation of Cd was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 1.89 and 15.72 times compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or P. vittate L. Moreover, the contents of available Cd and As in soil under the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with two hyperaccumulators were significantly reduced(P<0.05)by 23.6% and 17.0% compared with the control, respectively. Meanwhile, the contents of soil organic matter and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen were significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 46.2%~83.2% and 18.5%~26.4% as compared with the monocultures, the activities of soil catalase was significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 43.7%~53.0% compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. or P. vittate L., the soil sucrase and urease activities were also significantly enhanced(P<0.05)by 11.5%~28.4% and 20.6%~36.4% compared with the monocultures of R. pseudoacacia L. and S. nigrum L., respectively. The results suggested that the intercropping of R. pseudoacacia L. with two different types of hyperaccumulator could effectively uptake and accumulate Cd and As to reduce the bioavailability of Cd and As in the contaminated soil, and effectively improve the soil environmental quality, which could be considered as a promising intercropping model for the simultaneous remediation of Cd and As contaminated soil in mining areas.

Robinia pseudoacacia L.  /  hyperaccumulator  /  intercropping  /  Cd  /  As
李昊, 雷灿, 王德正, 佘迪凡, 曾鹏, 杜博研, 周航, 辜娇峰, 廖柏寒. 刺槐间作超富集植物修复镉砷复合污染土壤潜力研究. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2620 -2630 .
Hao LI, Can LEI, De-zheng WANG, Di-fan SHE, Peng ZENG, Bo-yan DU, Hang ZHOU, Jiao-feng GU, Bo-han LIAO. Phytoremediation potential of Cd and As co-contaminated soil by Robinia pseudoacacia L. intercropped with hyperaccumulators[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2620 -2630 .
我国工矿业场地及周边土壤中Cd和As含量与土壤背景值相比分别增加了964.4%和310.8%,Cd和As污染达到中度以上的点位分别占60.9%和25.6%[1].土壤中Cd和As会通过食物链和食物网在生物体中累积,进而威胁人体健康[2].因此,Cd和As复合污染土壤问题亟待解决.
植物修复是一种实施简便、投资较少、破坏小、无二次污染的技术来修复重金属污染土壤[3-4].目前,蜈蚣草、龙葵、东南景天等超富集植物被广泛研究[5].然而,上述超富集植物仅对单一重金属具有超富集能力,无法高效修复Cd和As复合污染土壤.有研究发现,Cd富集植物黑麦草和皇竹草间作[6]、As超富集植物蜈蚣草和玉米间作[7]等间作模式可通过不同植物间的协作来促进植物对重金属污染土壤的修复效率.因此,超富集植物在间作体系修复重金属污染土壤过程中扮演重要的角色.
木本植物具有生物量大、根系发达、对重金属耐受和富集能力强等特点,而逐渐受到关注[8-9].木本与草本植物间作可一定程度改善土壤环境,还能促进植物对矿区重金属污染土壤生态修复的效果[10-12].目前,木本植物间作超富集植物,如构树-蜈蚣草间作[13]、柳树-鬼针草间作[14]、桑树-东南景天间作[15]可有效修复重金属污染土壤.同时,木本植物和草本植物间作可增加植物间的共存性,并促进其对重金属污染土壤生态修复的适应性.针对Cd和As复合污染土壤,木本植物间作非超富集植物或单一超富集植物无法高效修复.因此,木本植物间作不同类型的超富集植物应能同步高效修复Cd和As复合污染土壤.然而,鲜有研究利用木本植物间作多种超富集植物来修复Cd和As复合污染土壤.
刺槐属于豆科落叶乔木,具备耐贫瘠、耐重金属胁迫、生长速度快、观赏价值高等特点,是一种理想的环境污染修复树种[16].龙葵是一种Cd超富集植物,在Cd污染水平为25mg/kg条件下,龙葵茎及叶的Cd含量分别达到103.8mg/kg和124.6mg/kg[17].蜈蚣草是一种As的超富集植物,可在As浓度高达1500mg/kg的土壤中正常生长,地上部分积累的As可达22630mg/kg[18].因此,本文选取木本植物刺槐、Cd超富集植物龙葵和As超富集植物蜈蚣草为研究材料,通过盆栽试验,研究刺槐间作超富集植物处理下植物的生长、植物体内各部位的重金属含量、间作植物对重金属的富集与转运系数、提取总量来探讨间作下植物间的竞争协调机制;通过研究间作处理下土壤的重金属有效性、pH值、土壤酶活性、有机质、碱解氮等土壤基本理化特征来探讨刺槐间作超富集植物对重金属污染土壤的生态修复潜力,以期为刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物应用于矿区Cd和As复合污染土壤治理提供理论依据.
从湖南省某典型矿冶周边废弃地采集0~20cm的表层土壤(27°88'38″N,113°07'57″E),经过土壤自然风干后,过5mm筛混合均匀用于盆栽试验.供试土壤的基本理化性质:土壤类型为红壤,土壤pH值7.16,土壤阳离子交换量33.67cmol/kg,土壤有机质含量17.56g/kg,土壤总Cd含量26.52mg/kg,土壤总As含量61.92mg/kg,土壤碱解氮含量73.46mg/kg,土壤有效磷含量57.44mg/kg.
供试刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草幼苗分别采购于江苏宿县某刺槐育苗基地、山东潍坊某龙葵育苗基地和广东韶关某育苗基地.
称取10kg过5mm筛的土壤装入塑料盆(上口直径29cm、下口直径18cm和高10cm)中,每盆分别加入0.27g/kg CO(NH22、0.05g/kg NH4H2PO4和0.16g/kg KNO3作为基肥,然后加入去离子水保持供试土壤60%的田间持水量,平衡14d,统一移栽大小一致的幼苗(刺槐高度约15cm,蜈蚣草和龙葵高度约8cm).试验种植模式为:刺槐单作(R,6株)、龙葵单作(S,6株)、蜈蚣草(P,6株)、刺槐-龙葵间作(RS,3株刺槐和3株龙葵)、刺槐-蜈蚣草间作(RP,3株刺槐和3株蜈蚣草)、刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作(RSP,2株刺槐、2株龙葵和2株蜈蚣草).每个种植模式3次重复.在培养180d后收获所有植物和土壤.植物收获后先用自来水冲洗干净后再经超纯水洗净2遍,再用吸水纸擦干后分成根、茎和叶(羽叶),于烘箱中首先105℃杀青0.5h,然后65℃烘至恒重,称量干重后粉碎后备用.土壤样品采集后,经过自然风干后分别过10目和100目筛后,备用.
土壤的基本理化性质(pH值、阳离子交换量、有机质、碱解氮和有效磷)根据鲁如坤[19]的方法进行分析和测定.植物样品采用HNO3-HClO4消解.土壤有效态Cd和有效态As含量分别采用CaCl2法(T/HNNMIA XX-2020)[20]和DTPA法(HJ 804-2016)[21]浸提.消解液和浸提液中Cd含量采用ICP-AES(ICP-6300,Thermo)测定,As含量采用原子荧光分光光度计(AFS-8220,北京吉天仪器有限公司)测定.消解过程中用国家标准物质土壤(GBW(E)-070009)和生物成分标准物质(GBW-10010)进行质量控制,Cd的回收率为97.2%~101.3%,As的回收率为99%~103.5%.
富集系数(BCF)=植物各部位重金属含量(mg/kg)/土壤重金属含量(mg/kg).
转运系数(TF根-茎)=植物茎中重金属含量(mg/kg)/植物根系中重金属含量(mg/kg).
转运系数(TF茎-叶)=植物叶中重金属含量(mg/kg)/植物茎中重金属含量(mg/kg).
每盆地上部重金属累积总量(mg/pot)=[(植物茎中重金属含量(mg/kg)×植物茎生物量(g)×10-3+植物叶中重金属含量(mg/kg)×植物叶生物量(g)×10-3)×每盆株数(株).
每盆根重金属累积总量(mg/pot)=[植物根中重金属含量(mg/kg)×植物根生物量(g)×10-3]×每盆株数(株).
运用Excel 2016和SPSS 20进行数据分析和统计,采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和Duncan检验评价各处理组间的统计学差异,显著性水平为P<0.05,使用Origin 2019进行绘图.采用R 4.3.1绘制刺槐间作超富集植物处理下Cd和As累积总量与土壤环境因子的Mantel test相关性图.
植株生物量可反应植物在重金属污染土壤上的生长状况.由图1可看出,在RS间作下龙葵整株生物量较龙葵单作显著(P<0.05)降低32.3%,与Ma等[22]的研究表明,茄子和Cd超富集植物东南景天间作降低了东南景天的生物量的研究结果类似.其原因可能是生物量较大的植物生长快速,具有较强的竞争性,进而抑制其他植物的生长[23].然而,与龙葵单作相比,RSP间作下龙葵整株生物量显著(P<0.05)提高50.4%,尤其是其茎部的生物量显著(P<0.05)提高75.4%.与蜈蚣草单作相比,RP和RSP间作处理下蜈蚣草整株生物量分别显著(P<0.05)提高54.2%和86.2%,尤其是蜈蚣草根和茎部的生物量分别显著(P<0.05)提高163.0%和128.2%(RP间作),341.8%和64.7%(RSP间作).
与秦丽等[24]研究发现间作后续断菊地上部和根部生物量分别显著增加30.0%和35.0%,以及童文彬等[25]发现超富集植物东南景天与油菜作物间作时,东南景天生物量增加的研究结果类似.在间作条件下,不同类型的植物具有不同的生态位,进而可充分利用不同的环境空间和资源,避免间作植物间生态位的竞争和滞空,从而达到环境资源利用的最大化[26].本研究中刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作可有效实现植物间生态位的互补,为间作体系修复Cd和As复合污染土壤构建有利的前提条件.
刺槐间作超富集植物处理下植物各部位Cd和As含量的变化见图2.与刺槐单作相比,RS和RP间作处理下刺槐根和茎部Cd和As无明显差异,而RSP间作处理下刺槐根部Cd和叶片As含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高415.6%和98.6%.与龙葵单作相比,RS间作处理下龙葵根和茎部Cd和As含量无明显变化,而RSP间作处理下龙葵根部As含量、叶片部Cd和As含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高77.7%、78.4%和260.7%.与蜈蚣草单作相比,RP和RSP间作处理对蜈蚣草体内As含量无明显影响,蜈蚣草根部Cd含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高38.7%和102.1%,而蜈蚣草叶部Cd含量分别显著(P<0.05)降低20.7%和19.5%.原因可能是间作处理下蜈蚣草根系分泌物的类型、数量和功能发生了改变,促进了蜈蚣草根部对Cd的固定而降低其向地上部的转运,进而增强其对重金属污染环境下的耐受性[12].其次,龙葵属于Cd超富集植物,在间作处理下可有效吸收污染土壤中的Cd,进而可能使蜈蚣草和龙葵对Cd的吸收产生竞争作用.本研究中,RSP间作处理下,蜈蚣草根部Cd和龙葵根部As含量,以及龙葵叶片Cd和As含量明显高于蜈蚣草或龙葵单作.超富集植物的根系分泌物可相应提高其富集重金属在根际土壤中的流动性,进而可提高间作植物对其吸收和累积[15].Wang等[27]发现,东南景天和蜈蚣草间作后植物对Cd和As的累积效果较其单作有效提升.大量研究表明,多种植物根系的交叉可使一种植株的根系分泌物通过土壤扩散到间作植株根际,改变植物根际土壤中重金属的有效性,从而影响间作植株对重金属的吸收[28-29].本研究表明,刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物可促进蜈蚣草根部Cd和龙葵叶片Cd和As的吸收,有利于Cd和As复合污染土壤的修复.
表1表2可知,与龙葵单作相比,RS间作下龙葵地上部Cd以及根部Cd和As富集系数无明显影响,而RSP间作下龙葵的BCF地上部(Cd)和BCF地上部(As)分别显著(P<0.05)提高21.7%和163.2%,BCF根(Cd)和BCF根(As)分别显著(P<0.05)提高20.0%和84.6%;同时RS和RSP间作下龙葵的TF根-茎(Cd)无显著变化,而其TF茎-叶(Cd)分别显著(P<0.05)提高91.0%和85.9%,RSP间作下龙葵的TF茎-叶(As)显著(P<0.05)提高392.0%,表明RSP间作可有效提高龙葵对Cd和As的富集和转运.与蜈蚣草单作相比,RP和RSP间作下蜈蚣草的BCF地上部(Cd)和BCF地上部(As)以及BCF(As)无显著变化,而BCF根(Cd)分别显著(P<0.05)提高20.0%和86.7%,RSP间作下蜈蚣草的TF根-茎(As)显著(P<0.05)提高40.7%,而TF茎-叶(Cd)显著(P<0.05)降低24.4%,表明间作刺槐和龙葵可促进蜈蚣草根对Cd的富集,并将大部分Cd储存到茎部,同时可提高根到茎部对As的转运速率.有研究表明,间作小麦提高了黑麦草根在灌浆期和收获期的Cd含量,而降低了小麦对Cd的积累以及根向地上部的Cd转运[30].这可能是因为在间作体系中超富集植物根系间的相互作用,改变了根系分泌物中有机酸的组分,引起土壤中重金属的释放,并使土壤总有机碳和水溶性含量增加,从而促进植物对重金属的吸收和累积[31-32].多种植物间作体系中一种超富集植物根系分泌物可以影响另一种植物对重金属的吸收作用[33].在本研究中,龙葵和蜈蚣草分别是Cd和As超富集植物,其特殊的根系分泌物可影响相应重金属的结合形式[34],进而在间作体系中进一步促进了龙葵和蜈蚣草对Cd和As的富集和转运.因此,间作刺槐可促进超富集植物对Cd和As的富集,同时一定程度上促进龙葵体内Cd和As向地上部的转运.
表3可看出,龙葵和蜈蚣草单作下地上部对Cd和As的提取量最高,分别可达1.72mg/pot和0.61mg/pot,表明龙葵和蜈蚣草分别对Cd和As的提取效果最佳,可用于单一Cd或者As污染土壤的修复和治理.RSP间作下植物地上部分As累积总量较刺槐和龙葵单作、以及RS间作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.11倍,2.17倍和1.375倍,RSP间作下植物地上部分Cd累积总量较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作、以及RS和RP间作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.89倍、15.72倍、0.29倍和4.35倍.因此,RSP间作可同步高效提取污染土壤中的Cd和As.与Zeng等[35]发现蜈蚣草分别与桑树或构树间作下组合植物地上部As的提取量显著(P<0.05)高于桑树和构树单作,Cd和Zn含量显著高于蜈蚣草单作的研究结果类似.此外,繁缕、牛繁缕和猪殃殃3种Cd富集植物间作处理下植物地上部Cd的累积总量约为0.13mg/pot(3kg土,土壤总Cd含量为10mg/kg)[36];象草和苦楝间作下地上部As的累积总量约为0.07mg/pot(10kg土,土壤总As含量为142mg/kg)[12],RSP间作处理下地上部Cd和As的累积总量分别可达1.07mg/pot和0.38mg/pot,表明刺槐间作龙葵和蜈蚣草可通过其互补性促进植物对Cd和As的修复效率.因此,刺槐间作两种不同类型的超富集植物可同步修复和治理Cd和As复合污染土壤.
土壤中养分对植物的生存和生态系统的稳定性至关重要,是评价土壤修复效果的重要指标[37].由图3(a)可知,与对照相比,刺槐、龙葵单作,以及RS、RP和RSP间作下土壤pH值显著(P<0.05)提高0.39~0.52个单位.与Li等[38]研究表明,白羽扇豆与玉米间作和单作下土壤pH值明显增加的研究结果类似.其原因可能与植物吸收土壤中的有效磷,进而使根际土壤碱化[39].同时,间作处理下植物根际分泌的有机酸可供给土壤微生物的生长和繁殖而缓解土壤pH值的变化[40].王小慧等[12]研究发现,象草与苦楝/构树间作可提高土壤溶液pH值,同时增加了土壤放线菌门、绿菌门和酸杆菌门丰度.然而,RS、RP和RSP间作下土壤pH值较刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作无显著差异.与Xia等[41]发现小飞蓬间作球序卷耳或碎米芥的土壤pH值较其单作无明显差异的结果类似.也有研究表明,单作和间作下植物根际分泌的有机酸可使土壤pH值降低[42].本研究中,单作和间作下土壤pH值的变化仅仅是基于180d植物修复的结果,后续还需要进一步通过长期田间试验研究刺槐间作超富集植物对土壤酸碱性的影响.
图3(b)和(d)可看出,RSP间作下土壤有机质和碱解氮含量与刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作相比分别显著(P<0.05)提高83.2%、59.4%和46.2%,18.5%、26.4%和20.7%.然而,RS、RP和RSP间作下土壤有效磷含量较蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)降低12.0%、10.5%和19.3%.与谭建波等[43]的研究表明,间作续断菊和蚕豆成熟期时其土壤有机质较续断菊单作增加20.1%,碱解氮含量显著增加32.7%的研究结果类似.刺槐属豆科植物,其根系具有良好的固氮能力,同时固氮过程中能通过根际一系列活动活化土壤中难溶性磷[37,44],进而改善间作体系下超富集植物氮磷吸收,有利于超富集植物的生长.本研究表明,刺槐间作超富集植物可提高污染土壤的有机质和碱解氮含量,可一定程度改善污染土壤肥力.
图4可看出,与CK相比,R、S和P处理下土壤有效态Cd和As含量分别降低21.4%、58.4%和25.9%,14.9%、15.5%和15.0%,表明蜈蚣草和龙葵单作均可有效降低土壤中Cd和As的生物有效性.同时,RS、RP和RSP间作下土壤有效态Cd和As含量较对照分别显著(P<0.05)降低52.9%、19.0%和23.6%,5.9%、9.3%和17.0%,表明刺槐间作超富集植物能有效降低土壤中Cd和As的生物有效性.与Ng等[45]的研究表明,半夏和东南景天间作可降低土壤Cd有效态的结果类似.这可能是间作处理下植物间的根系分泌物类型改变,与土壤中的重金属发生络合反应,以降低土壤重金属的生物有效性[46].
图5可看出,R、S、P、RS、RP和RSP处理下,土壤过氧化氢酶活性和蔗糖酶活性较CK处理分别降低10.6%~53.0%和7.8%~28.2%.这可能是植物修复过程中产生的根系分泌物促进了土壤中重金属形态的变化,重金属与酶分子中的活性部位结合,致使酶失去活性[47].然而,RS间作下土壤蔗糖酶活性较刺槐单作显著(P<0.05)提高16.8%,土壤脲酶活性较龙葵和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高23.3%和11.7%;RP间作下,土壤过氧化氢酶较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高78.5%和90.1%,蔗糖酶活性较刺槐单作显著(P<0.05)提高14.2%,土壤脲酶活性较龙葵和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高23.9%和12.2%;RSP间作处理下,土壤过氧化氢酶活性较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高43.7%和53.0%,蔗糖酶活性较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高28.4%和11.5%,土壤脲酶活性较刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高20.6%、36.4%和23.6%.与Zeng等[48]研究表明,利用两种草本植物蜈蚣草和芦竹与两种木本植物桑树与构树间作可有效提高土壤酶活性的研究结果一致.植物间作时其根系发生相互作用,使根系环境因养分含量和生物代谢活性的提高而发生改变,从而促进了植物根际活化土壤所分泌酶的数量[49];另外,植物多样性的改变可增加土壤碳和真菌关键类群的丰富度来增强土壤真菌网络稳定性,从而提高土壤酶活性[50].因此,刺槐间作超富集植物可有效改善土壤酶活性.
间作体系下植物根际互作可改变根系分泌物的组成和数量以及影响土壤理化性质(如pH值、酶活性以及养分有效性等)来间接影响土壤重金属的有效性[51].从图6可看出,土壤pH值与植物地上部Cd、As和根Cd累积总量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关;土壤有效态Cd与植物地上部Cd累积总量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,表明刺槐间作超富集植物的根际互作可影响土壤pH值和重金属的生物有效性进而影响间作植物对重金属的吸收.间作下植物根系分泌物的交互作用可改变根际环境和土壤重金属的生物有效性,进而促进间作植物对重金属的吸收和累积[41].同时,植物根Cd累积含量与土壤过氧化氢酶活性呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,植物根As累积含量与土壤过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,且土壤酶活性与土壤Cd和As有效态无显著相关性,表明刺槐间作超富集植物可通过间作植物根对Cd和As的富集来降低土壤重金属的生物有效性,进而降低土壤中Cd和As对土壤酶活性的不利影响.吴乐诗等[52]研究表明,菜心与东南景天间作可明显提高东南景天对Cd的累积,进而提高土壤酶活性.此外,土壤脲酶活性与土壤碱解氮含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,表明刺槐间作超富集植物可通过影响土壤脲酶活性来提高土壤碱解氮含量,进而提高土壤肥力.与徐华勤等[53]研究发现,茶间作三叶草处理下土壤养分含量与脲酶活性呈显著正相关的研究结果类似.综上所述,刺槐间作超富集植物可通过龙葵和蜈蚣草对污染土壤中Cd和As的同步吸收来降低土壤Cd和As的生物有效性,进而改善土壤酶活性和土壤肥力.
3.1 间作刺槐可促进超富集植物的生长和Cd和As的吸收.刺槐间作超富集植物下龙葵与蜈蚣草的整株生物量较其单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高50.4%和86.2%,同时龙葵根部As、叶部Cd和As含量分别显著(P<0.05)提高77.7%、78.4%和260.7%,蜈蚣草根部Cd含量显著(P<0.05)提高102.1%.
3.2 刺槐间作超富集植物可同步高效提取污染土壤中的Cd和As.同时,刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作处理下植物地上部分As累积总量较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.11倍和2.17倍,Cd累积总量较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高1.89倍和15.72倍.
3.3 刺槐间作超富集植物可降低土壤中Cd和As的生物有效性,并改善土壤肥力.刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作处理下土壤有效态Cd和As含量较对照分别显著(P<0.05)降低23.6%和17.0%.与刺槐、龙葵和蜈蚣草单作相比,刺槐-龙葵-蜈蚣草间作下土壤有机质和碱解氮含量显著(P<0.05)提高46.2%~83.2%和18.5%~26.4%,同时土壤过氧化氢酶活性较刺槐和蜈蚣草单作分别显著提高43.7%和53.0%,蔗糖酶和脲酶活性较刺槐和龙葵单作分别显著(P<0.05)提高28.4%和11.5%,20.6%和36.4%.
  • 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42207008)
  • 湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310538053)
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2025年第45卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2024-09-10
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-05-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10
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国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42207008)
湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310538053)
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    中南林业科技大学生态环境学院,湖南 长沙 410004

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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