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This study investigated the relationship between Dicer expression levels and urinary arsenic metabolites both in vivo and in vitro, as well as examined the role of Dicer in cell proliferation. For the epidemiological analysis, workers from a high arsenic-polluted factory in Yunnan Province were selected as the arsenic-exposed group, while residents from nearby villages without arsenic exposure history were recruited as controls. Urinary arsenic species(inorganic arsenic, monomethylarsonic acid [MMA], and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA])were quantified, and Dicer mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood were measured. It was found that the relative Dicer mRNA expression in the arsenic-exposed group was significantly elevated compared to controls. Furthermore, Dicer mRNA levels were positively correlated with urinary inorganic arsenic, MMA, and DMA concentrations. For in vitro experiments, human bronchial epithelial cells(16HBE)were treated with sodium arsenite(1.5, 3, 4.5µmol/L)or 4.5µmol/L MMA, DMA, or sodium arsenite. Dicer mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Additionally, Dicer expression was knocked down in 16HBE cells using siRNA, and cell viability and proliferation were assessed via CCK-8 and EdU assays. It was observed that Dicer mRNA and protein levels in 3 and 4.5µmol/L sodium arsenite-treated cells were significantly upregulated compared to untreated controls, whereas no changes were detected in MMA- or DMA-treated groups. Knockdown of Dicer was shown to suppress cell viability and proliferation. Notably, sodium arsenite exposure combined with Dicer knockdown resulted in a more pronounced reduction in cell proliferation rates.

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探讨在体内和体外砷与Dicer表达的关系及Dicer在细胞增殖中的作用,体内实验选择云南某高污染砒霜厂工人作为砷暴露组,附近村庄无砷接触史的居民作为对照组,检测尿液中不同形态砷含量、外周血中Dicer mRNA表达水平.结果表明,与对照组相比,砷暴露组尿中外周血中Dicer mRNA的相对表达水平显著升高,Dicer mRNA表达水平与尿中无机砷、一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸呈正相关.体外实验以不同浓度(1.5,3,4.5µmol/L)的亚砷酸钠及4.5µmol/L的一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸、亚砷酸钠处理人上皮支气管细胞16HBE,检测Dicer mRNA和蛋白表达;敲低16HBE细胞内Dicer表达水平,检测细胞活力和增殖,结果表明,16HBE细胞中Dicer mRNA和Dicer蛋白表达水平在3,4.5µmol/L组均显著高于对照组,在一甲基胂酸组和二甲基砷酸组无变化.敲低Dicer抑制细胞活力和增殖,敲低Dicer和亚砷酸钠联合作用下,细胞增殖率下降更多.

, correspAuthors=何越峰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 责任作者,教授,
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蒋成兰(1986-),女,山东临沂人,讲师,博士,主要从事职业砷暴露效应与机制研究.发表论文6篇..

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蒋成兰(1986-),女,山东临沂人,讲师,博士,主要从事职业砷暴露效应与机制研究.发表论文6篇..

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蒋成兰(1986-),女,山东临沂人,讲师,博士,主要从事职业砷暴露效应与机制研究.发表论文6篇..

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Cell Cycle201716(18):1643-1653., articleTitle=New roles for Dicer in the nucleolus and its relevance to cancer, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057231156867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, awardId=202401AT070177, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省科技厅基础研究专项-面上项目(202401AT070177), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057231299473681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, awardId=82160607, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(82160607), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057231458857256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, awardId=202405AS350016, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省创新团队(202405AS350016), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057221895844346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057221904232957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, companyId=1241057221895844346, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057221971341830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, companyId=1241057221895844346, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=昆明医科大学云南省公共卫生与生物安全重点实验室暨公共卫生学院,云南 昆明 650500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057227310691280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Association between peripheral blood cell Dicer mRNA expression levels and occupational arsenic exposure in arsenic-exposed factory workers, figureFileSmall=y2tSgKBpHNVwSnqU0e/m7w==, figureFileBig=Rs90Pi3/bHDSnTqBFyqbpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057227419743201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图1, caption=砒霜厂工人外周血细胞Dicer mRNA的表达与砷暴露之间的关系

a,qRT-PCR检测职业砷暴露人群Dicer mRNA相对表达水平;b-i,采用线性相关分析Dicer mRNA相对表达水平与尿中iAs含量(b)、MMA含量(c)、DMA含量(d)、iAs百分比(e)、MMA百分比(f)、DMA百分比(g)、PMI(h)和SMI(i)的关系

, figureFileSmall=y2tSgKBpHNVwSnqU0e/m7w==, figureFileBig=Rs90Pi3/bHDSnTqBFyqbpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057227675594754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Dicer mRNA and protein expression in 16HBE cells following exposure to varying concentrations of sodium arsenate, figureFileSmall=jeiuxmtFn3M4H7lZzk8otQ==, figureFileBig=S7hiIJKV14t6vYXYmupOYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057227784646674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同浓度亚砷酸钠处理16HBE细胞后Dicer mRNA和蛋白表达水平

a,qRT-PCR检测Dicer mRNA表达;b,Western blot检测Dicer蛋白表达;c,Dicer蛋白的相对表达水平.与0组相比,*P<0.05;**P<0.01.

, figureFileSmall=jeiuxmtFn3M4H7lZzk8otQ==, figureFileBig=S7hiIJKV14t6vYXYmupOYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228006944813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of arsenite salts on Dicer mRNA and protein expression in human bronchial epithelial(16HBE)cells, figureFileSmall=ciBTMpmzaun/4yAH6tT8nw==, figureFileBig=NFwMSMjdIYwajDo7GnrXvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228145356852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同亚砷酸盐处理16HBE细胞后Dicer mRNA和蛋白表达水平

a,qRT-PCR检测Dicer mRNA表达;b,Western blot检测Dicer蛋白表达;c,Dicer蛋白的相对表达水平.与亚砷酸钠组比较,*P<0.05;**P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=ciBTMpmzaun/4yAH6tT8nw==, figureFileBig=NFwMSMjdIYwajDo7GnrXvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228279574593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Evaluation of Dicer knockdown efficiency in human bronchial epithelial(16HBE)cells using siRNA-mediated silencing, figureFileSmall=7UuHRAVgueihQpg5Sr8vzQ==, figureFileBig=zfG8DlSYubJQ7HUb9bdMRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228409598031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图4, caption=16HBE细胞siRNA干扰Dicer效率

a,荧光显微镜观察荧光标记的FAM-siRNA转染结果;b,qRT-PCR检测siRNA干扰16HBE细胞后Dicer mRNA表达水平.**与NC组相比,P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=7UuHRAVgueihQpg5Sr8vzQ==, figureFileBig=zfG8DlSYubJQ7HUb9bdMRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228577370207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=CCK-8assay was performed to measure viability changes in Dicer-silenced 16HBE cells pre-and post-sodium arsenite exposure, figureFileSmall=l46dNnsVgIk1o3nv43WOrQ==, figureFileBig=vuJnM0XqL9AN8YHDRdL3zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057228728365165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图5, caption=采用CCK-8实验检测Dicer敲低后的16HBE细胞在亚砷酸钠处理前后的细胞活力变化

a,敲低Dicer后16HBE细胞的活力水平;b,亚砷酸钠与si-Dicer共同处理后,16HBE细胞活力水平.与NC组相比,*P<0.05;**P<0.01.

, figureFileSmall=l46dNnsVgIk1o3nv43WOrQ==, figureFileBig=vuJnM0XqL9AN8YHDRdL3zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057230297034888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=EdU assay was performed in Dicer-silenced 16HBE cells, figureFileSmall=kB5Wf9ASgauGICZBxSM3mA==, figureFileBig=hSblCGsDXPvBXkBWhg41yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057230515138720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图6, caption=EdU染色实验检测敲低Dicer后16HBE细胞的增殖能力

a,荧光显微镜观察细胞的增殖能力,蓝色为Hoechst 33342染色细胞,红色为EdU染色细胞;b,卡方检验分析细胞增殖率(%),与NC组相比,**P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=kB5Wf9ASgauGICZBxSM3mA==, figureFileBig=hSblCGsDXPvBXkBWhg41yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057230661939380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=EdU assay was performed in Dicer-silenced 16HBE cells following sodium arsenite(NaAsO)exposure, figureFileSmall=9FSQubVgOreFH/Ari5tonw==, figureFileBig=aSCNrVWqD/eVduNxaa8RxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057230758408385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=图7, caption=EdU染色实验检测亚砷酸钠与si-Dicer共同处理后16HBE细胞的增殖能力

a,荧光显微镜观察细胞的增殖能力,蓝色为Hoechst 33342染色细胞,红色为EdU染色细胞;b,卡方检验分析细胞增殖率(%),与NC组相比,*P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=9FSQubVgOreFH/Ari5tonw==, figureFileBig=aSCNrVWqD/eVduNxaa8RxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057230905209044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparative analysis of urinary arsenic metabolites and arsenic speciation profiles between occupationally arsenic-exposed workers and non-exposed controls

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组砷暴露组(n=76)
尿中砷含量[(±s),µg/g cr]iAs2.00±0.30172.42±22.35*
MMA1.54±0.19236.59±1.54*
DMA15.23±1.88791.56±91.13*
tAs18.78±2.201201±138.8*
尿中各形态砷的构成情况(±siAs%13.75±11.6517.22±12.49
MMA%8.47±2.3618.93±5.17*
DMA%77.78±12.2763.85±14.39*
PMI1.19±1.321.63±1.30
SMI10.12±3.833.85±2.18*
), ArticleFig(id=1241057231010066658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, articleId=1241057216858485745, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

砷暴露组与对照组尿砷水平及各形态砷的构成情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组砷暴露组(n=76)
尿中砷含量[(±s),µg/g cr]iAs2.00±0.30172.42±22.35*
MMA1.54±0.19236.59±1.54*
DMA15.23±1.88791.56±91.13*
tAs18.78±2.201201±138.8*
尿中各形态砷的构成情况(±siAs%13.75±11.6517.22±12.49
MMA%8.47±2.3618.93±5.17*
DMA%77.78±12.2763.85±14.39*
PMI1.19±1.321.63±1.30
SMI10.12±3.833.85±2.18*
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职业砷暴露工人尿砷代谢产物与Dicer表达的关联及Dicer在细胞增殖中的作用
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蒋成兰 , 李舒婷 , 江金鋆 , 杨雪飞 , 路大艳 , 何越峰 *
中国环境科学 | 环境毒理与健康 2025,45(5): 2905-2912
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中国环境科学 | 环境毒理与健康 2025, 45(5): 2905-2912
职业砷暴露工人尿砷代谢产物与Dicer表达的关联及Dicer在细胞增殖中的作用
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蒋成兰 , 李舒婷, 江金鋆, 杨雪飞, 路大艳, 何越峰*
作者信息
  • 昆明医科大学云南省公共卫生与生物安全重点实验室暨公共卫生学院,云南 昆明 650500
  • 蒋成兰(1986-),女,山东临沂人,讲师,博士,主要从事职业砷暴露效应与机制研究.发表论文6篇..

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* 责任作者,教授,
Association between urinary arsenic metabolites and dicer expression in occupational arsenic-exposed workers and the role of dicer in cell proliferation
Cheng-lan JIANG , Shu-ting LI, Jin-yun JIANG, Xue-fei YANG, Da-yan LU, Yue-feng HE*
Affiliations
  • Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
出版时间: 2025-05-20
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探讨在体内和体外砷与Dicer表达的关系及Dicer在细胞增殖中的作用,体内实验选择云南某高污染砒霜厂工人作为砷暴露组,附近村庄无砷接触史的居民作为对照组,检测尿液中不同形态砷含量、外周血中Dicer mRNA表达水平.结果表明,与对照组相比,砷暴露组尿中外周血中Dicer mRNA的相对表达水平显著升高,Dicer mRNA表达水平与尿中无机砷、一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸呈正相关.体外实验以不同浓度(1.5,3,4.5µmol/L)的亚砷酸钠及4.5µmol/L的一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸、亚砷酸钠处理人上皮支气管细胞16HBE,检测Dicer mRNA和蛋白表达;敲低16HBE细胞内Dicer表达水平,检测细胞活力和增殖,结果表明,16HBE细胞中Dicer mRNA和Dicer蛋白表达水平在3,4.5µmol/L组均显著高于对照组,在一甲基胂酸组和二甲基砷酸组无变化.敲低Dicer抑制细胞活力和增殖,敲低Dicer和亚砷酸钠联合作用下,细胞增殖率下降更多.

职业砷暴露  /  Dicer  /  16HBE细胞  /  增殖

This study investigated the relationship between Dicer expression levels and urinary arsenic metabolites both in vivo and in vitro, as well as examined the role of Dicer in cell proliferation. For the epidemiological analysis, workers from a high arsenic-polluted factory in Yunnan Province were selected as the arsenic-exposed group, while residents from nearby villages without arsenic exposure history were recruited as controls. Urinary arsenic species(inorganic arsenic, monomethylarsonic acid [MMA], and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA])were quantified, and Dicer mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood were measured. It was found that the relative Dicer mRNA expression in the arsenic-exposed group was significantly elevated compared to controls. Furthermore, Dicer mRNA levels were positively correlated with urinary inorganic arsenic, MMA, and DMA concentrations. For in vitro experiments, human bronchial epithelial cells(16HBE)were treated with sodium arsenite(1.5, 3, 4.5µmol/L)or 4.5µmol/L MMA, DMA, or sodium arsenite. Dicer mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Additionally, Dicer expression was knocked down in 16HBE cells using siRNA, and cell viability and proliferation were assessed via CCK-8 and EdU assays. It was observed that Dicer mRNA and protein levels in 3 and 4.5µmol/L sodium arsenite-treated cells were significantly upregulated compared to untreated controls, whereas no changes were detected in MMA- or DMA-treated groups. Knockdown of Dicer was shown to suppress cell viability and proliferation. Notably, sodium arsenite exposure combined with Dicer knockdown resulted in a more pronounced reduction in cell proliferation rates.

occupational arsenic exposure  /  Dicer  /  16HBE cells  /  proliferation
蒋成兰, 李舒婷, 江金鋆, 杨雪飞, 路大艳, 何越峰. 职业砷暴露工人尿砷代谢产物与Dicer表达的关联及Dicer在细胞增殖中的作用. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2905 -2912 .
Cheng-lan JIANG, Shu-ting LI, Jin-yun JIANG, Xue-fei YANG, Da-yan LU, Yue-feng HE. Association between urinary arsenic metabolites and dicer expression in occupational arsenic-exposed workers and the role of dicer in cell proliferation[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (5) : 2905 -2912 .
砷是一种有毒类金属,长期接触砷引起健康问题.职业性暴露多以无机砷化合物为主[1-3],主要通过呼吸道和皮肤等途径进入机体,无机砷(iAs)进入人体以后,在肝脏中代谢为一系列甲基化产物,如一甲基胂酸(MMA)、二甲基胂酸(DMA),最终通过尿液排出体外.砷作为世界癌症机构确定的I类致癌物,与皮肤癌、前列腺癌、消化道癌、肺癌等多种癌症的发生发展相关[4-6].然而砷致癌的作用及机制仍需进一步阐明.细胞增殖是细胞正常发育的生理过程,其失衡是诱发癌症的重要因素.砷暴露会引发重要功能基因表达改变,进而影响细胞的增殖.Dicer是加工前体microRNA的酶体,可以将未成熟的microRNA加工成为有功能的成熟microRNA[7]. Dicer可通过改变小非编码RNA影响基因的表达,进而参与细胞增殖、凋亡等生物过程[8-9].Dicer在许多癌症中表达异常[10-12],但较少有研究报道Dicer在砷致癌中的作用,故本研究分析职业砷暴露与Dicer基因表达的关系,并探讨Dicer在砷致人支气管上皮细胞(16HBE)增殖中的作用,为砷的毒性和致癌机制提供参考依据及作为效应生物标志物的潜能.
试剂:10%硼酸钠、2mol/L氢氧化钠均购自日本和光纯药工业株式会社,1%盐酸购自北京化学试剂研究所,肌酐测定试剂盒购自杭州德安奇生物工程有限公司,亚砷酸钠购自成都西亚试剂公司,MMA、DMA购自美国AccuStandard公司,MEM培养基美国Corning公司、胎牛血清购自北京全式金生物技术股份有限公司,青霉素-链霉素混合液购自北京华越洋生物科技有限公司,二甲基亚砜购自美国Sigma Aldrich公司,RNA Isolate提取试剂盒购自南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司,荧光定量试剂盒、HiFiScript cDNA Synthesis Kit购自江苏康为世纪生物科技有限公司,RFect小核酸转染试剂购自常州百代生物科技公司,siRNA和FAM-siRNA由上海吉玛基因公司合成,CCK-8购自美国MCE公司,Omni-ECL™化学发光检测试剂盒购自上海雅酶生物医药科技有限公司,兔Dicer多克隆抗体、β肌动蛋白(Actin)抗体购自美国Proteintech公司,、PBS、BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒、蛋白酶抑制剂混合物(通用性,100×)、蛋白裂解液、Beyoclick™ EdU细胞增殖试剂盒、胰蛋白酶消化液购自上海碧云天生物技术有限公司.
主要仪器和设备:ASA-2SP型砷形态前处理装置、AA-6800型原子吸收分光光谱仪(193.7nm)、SRAF-16C型电磁炉均由日本Shimadzu公司生产.LC96实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应仪(Roche,德国),二氧化碳培养箱(Thermo Forma,美国),核酸蛋白测定仪(Eppendorf,德国),XDS-1B型倒置生物显微镜(莱卡,德国),荧光酶标仪(Bio-Rad,美国),研究级倒置荧光显微镜(Nikon,日本),超灵敏多功能成像仪(GE,美国).
本研究于2017~2018年,选择云南某高污染砒霜厂76名工人作为砷暴露组人群,选择无砷接触史的23名居民作为对照组,暴露组的工人通过空气吸入高浓度无机砷化合物(主要生产纯度为99%的三氧化二砷).对照组人群来自附近的距离工厂约10~50km的村庄的居民,没有砷接触史,3个月内没有其他明显的砷暴露途径.所有参与者都有相同的生活方式,且与肿瘤和周围神经系统的退行性疾病无关.本研究已经过昆明医科大学医学伦理委员会的审查批准,所有参与者均已签署知情同意书.
用一次性尿液采样瓶现场收集晨尿15mL.将2mL的氢氧化钠(2mol/L)加入1mL尿样中,在100℃条件下加热3h,期间每隔1h进行振荡混合处理.经过上述消化步骤后,iAs、MMA及DMA的形式保持不变.采用1%盐酸和10%硼酸钠作为反应介质,利用氢化物发生法结合原子吸收分光光度计测定样品中的总砷含量,此方法对于3种形态的砷化物的检测限均为1ng,RSD<5%,回收率分别为81%~92%,88%~98%和89%~103%.使用肌酐测定试剂盒测定尿肌酐,尿中各形态砷含量均以肌酐值校正.采用iAs、MMA及DMA总和表示总砷(tAs)以评价砷暴露水平,通过一甲基化指数(FMI)、二甲基化指数(SMI)、DMA%、MMA%和iAs%等评估砷在体内甲基化的效率.TAs、MMA%、DMA%和iAs%、FMI、SMI计算公式分别如下所示:
采用一次性乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)抗凝管现场收集清晨空腹肘静脉血,并于15min内采用淋巴细胞分离液分离外周血中淋巴细胞并立即进行后续实验.
人支气管上皮细胞系16HBE购自中国科学院昆明动物研究所.16HBE细胞接种于含体积分数为10%的FBS、1%青/链霉素的MEM培养基中,37℃、5%CO2条件下培养.将对数生长期的16HBE细胞,以1.5×105个/孔密度接种于六孔板中,培养24h后,进行后续两种处理:(1)不同浓度亚砷酸钠处理.分为对照组和染砷组,根据课题组既往实验结果得出的半数抑制浓度及最佳染毒结果[13],低、中、高染砷组的染毒剂量分别为1.5,3,4.5μmol/L,染毒时间为48h;(2)不同亚砷酸盐处理,分别予终浓度为4.5μmol/L的MMA、DMA和亚砷酸钠处理48h,对照组细胞不予处理,收获细胞进行后续实验.每组三复孔.亚砷酸钠、MMA和DMA分别溶于水配制成2mmol/L储存液.
Dicer的siRNA片段由上海吉玛制药技术有限公司合成.SiRNA序列如下:SiDICER1sense GGACGGUGUUCUUGGUCAA,antisense UUGACCAAGAACACCGUCC;SiDICER 2sense GAGAAGCAAAAAGGUCAGC,antisense GCUGACCUUUUUGCUUCUC;NC sense UUCU-CCGAACGUGUCACGU,antisense ACGUGACAC-GUUCGGAGAA.使用RFect小核酸转染试剂在16HBE细胞中进行转染siRNA片段,转染完72h后,用于后续实验.同时RFect小核酸转染试剂在16HBE细胞中进行转染荧光标记的FAM-siRNA,转染完6h,荧光显微镜观察转染效率.
将16HBE细胞悬液以每孔3×103个接种到96孔板里,培养19h后,siRNA片段转染细胞72h.每孔加入100μL MEM和10μL CCK8的混合液,在培养箱孵育1h,用酶标仪测定波长为450nm的光密度(D).细胞增殖率(%)公式(处理组的OD值)/(对照组的OD值)×100%.对照组细胞增殖率调整为100%.
采用Beyoclick™ EdU细胞增殖试剂盒检测细胞增殖情况.操作按照制造商的说明进行.将16HBE细胞悬液以每孔1.5×104个接种于6孔板中,培养19h,siRNA转染72h后,加入10μmol/L EdU在37℃下孵育2h,固定和通透后,加入反应混合液,置于黑暗中30min,随后用Hoechst33342染色15min.荧光显微镜观察细胞染色情况,其中红色为EdU染色细胞,蓝色为Hoechst33342染色细胞.使用ImageJ软件对染色细胞进行计数.
使用Trizol方法提取总RNA,分光光度计测定RNA的纯度和浓度,所有样本的260/280在1.9~2.1之间.利用逆转录试剂盒将RNA逆转录为cDNA.反应体系20μL,反应液在冰上配制,逆转录反应条件:42 50min(℃反转录反应),85 5min(℃反转录酶失活),结束后cDNA放于-20℃保存.
采用荧光定量试剂盒进行qRT-PCR,内参基因为β-肌动蛋白(β-actin).引物序列如下:Dicer上游引物TGGGTCCTTTCTTTGGACTG,下游引物CTGG-TTTGCAGAGTTGACCA;β-actin上游引物CCCT-GTACGCCAACACAGTGC,下游引物ATACTCCT-GCTTGCTGATCC.反应条件为:95℃变性10s,60℃退火15s,72℃延伸10s,共40个循环.实验重复3次.定量分析采用2-△△CT方法.
提取各组细胞的总蛋白,采用BCA法测定蛋白浓度,进行SDS-PAGE电泳,Dicer以300mA湿转3h后转到PVDF膜,β-actin用20V电压半干转25min至PVDF膜,快速封闭液室温封闭1h,一抗(目的蛋白Dicer浓度为1:1400,内参蛋白β-actin浓度为1:1000)4℃过夜孵育,TBST洗膜,二抗室温孵育2h,TBST洗膜,最后使用化学发光底物进行曝光.蛋白条带的光密度分析使用ImageJ软件.目的蛋白的相对表达量用目的蛋白与内参蛋白灰度值的比值表示.
数据的统计分析采用spss软件.对尿砷数据进行以10为底对数转化,使数据服从正态分布后进行相应统计.采用Pearson相关性和线性回归分析研究人群外周血白细胞中Dicer mRNA表达与尿中iAs、MMA、DMA含量及百分比、PMI和SMI之间的关系.体外实验独立重复3次.多组之间比较采用单因素方差分析,两组之间的比较采用Student's t-test,组间率的比较采用卡方检验.检验标准为α=0.05.*P<0.05,**P<0.01.
表1所示:砷暴露组尿中iAs、MMA、DMA和tAs含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),MMA%显著高于对照组(P<0.05),DMA%和SMI显著低于对照组(P<0.05).对照组与砷暴露组iAs%和PMI无显著差异(P>0.05).
图1结果表明,砷暴露组外周血中Dicer mRNA的相对表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05). Dicer mRNA表达与尿中iAs(r=0.304,P=0.0022)、MMA(r=0.344,P=0.0005)和DMA(r=0.378,P=0.0002)含量均呈正相关,与iAs%(r=-0.117)、MMA%(r=0.068)、DMA%(r=0.067)、PMI(r=0.109)、SMI(r=-0.079)无显著相关性(P值均>0.05).
与对照组比较,1.5,3,4.5μmol/L组16HBE细胞中Dicer mRNA相对表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05,图2a),3和4.5µmol/L组16HBE细胞中Dicer蛋白相对表达水平显著升高(P<0.05,图2b和2c).
与对照组比较,16HBE细胞中Dicer mRNA的表达在MMA和DMA组无显著变化,亚砷酸钠组显著高于其余3组(P<0.05,图3a).与对照组比较,MMA和DMA组16HBE细胞中Dicer蛋白水平无变化,亚砷酸钠组Dicer蛋白水平显著高于其余3组(P<0.01,图3b和3c).
图4a结果显示,荧光标记的FAM-siRNA转染结果显示细胞转染成功.图4b结果表明,与NC对照组相比,SiDicer组的Dicer mRNA相对表达水平显著降低(P<0.01),说明16HBE细胞中Dicer沉默成功.
CCK8结果显示(图5),与对照组NC相比,SiDicer1和SiDicer2组的细胞活力分别下降了19%和15%(P<0.05);在亚砷酸钠处理情况下,与对照组NC相比,SiDicer1和SiDicer2组的细胞活力分别下降了18%(P<0.05)和30%(P<0.01).EdU染色结果显示,对照组NC增殖率分别是SiDicer1和SiDicer1组的2.8和1.6倍,SiDicer1和SiDicer2组的细胞增殖率比NC组分别下降了20%和12%(P<0.01,图6);在亚砷酸钠处理情况下,对照组NC增殖率均是SiDicer1和SiDicer1组的4倍,SiDicer1和SiDicer2组的细胞增殖率比NC组均下降了7%(P<0.05,图7).
砷是一种自然存在的具有毒性和致癌性的类金属,可引发高血压、心血管疾病、糖尿病、神经系统疾病、肾脏疾病、癌症等多种疾病.基因组改变、信号传导和细胞突变凋亡均参与砷的致癌过程[14-16].有研究表明砷可影响重要基因的差异表达进而参与砷的致癌过程[17].众多研究表明Dicer在许多癌症中异常表达,其致癌或抑癌功能因不同癌症而异,例如Dicer在卵巢癌、乳腺癌中低表达,并与差的预后相关,与此相反,Dicer在前列腺癌中高表达,并与肿瘤转移相关[18-21].故为确定职业砷暴露与Dicer基因表达的关系,本研究以云南省长期职业性砒霜厂工人为研究对象,探讨其尿样中iAs、MMA和DMA及总砷含量与Dicer基因mRNA相对表达水平的关系,结果表明,职业砷暴露显著上调人群Dicer基因mRNA相对表达水平,Dicer mRNA的相对表达水平与尿中iAs、MMA、DMA及总砷含量均呈正相关.
砷的甲基化是砷代谢的重要机制,无机砷(iAs)及其代谢物的生物转化在砷致癌中起到关键作用[22-23].甲基化产物通过尿液排出,iAs%、MMA%、DMA%、PMI、SMI是体现甲基化能力的良好指标[24].本研究进一步分析Dicer基因mRNA相对表达水平与iAs%、MMA%、DMA%、PMI、SMI与的关系,结果表明,Dicer mRNA的相对表达水平与上述指标无显著相关性,预示砷的甲基化代谢对Dicer表达影响不大.
本研究进一步通过qRT-PCR和Western blot评估了不同浓度亚砷酸钠及其代谢产物MMA和DMA染毒人支气管上皮细胞系16HBE中Dicer mRNA和蛋白的表达量.结果表明,在不同浓度亚砷酸钠染毒16HBE细胞中Dicer mRNA和蛋白的表达水平逐渐升高,但其代谢产物MMA和DMA并未明显诱导Dicer异常表达.最近研究也显示,亚砷酸钠可诱导HOTAIR表达显著升高,但其甲基化代谢产物MMA和DMA并不能显著诱导其高表达[25].据此,我们推测无机砷而非其代谢产物诱导了Dicer异常表达.
细胞增殖异常是恶性肿瘤最大特征之一,砷可诱导基因异常表达,从而参与细胞增殖过程[26].研究发现Dicer缺失可激活p53通路,抑制小鼠成纤维细胞的生长,促进其衰老,Dicer缺失可导致组织细胞的凋亡[27-29].但Dicer在无机砷影响细胞增殖中作用尚无报道.本研究结果显示,敲低Dicer表达可显著抑制16HBE细胞的增殖,无机砷和敲低Dicer联合作用导致16HBE细胞的增殖下降更多,预示无机砷可通过Dicer影响细胞的增殖.
4.1 职业砷暴露人群中Dicer mRNA表达显著升高,且与尿中砷代谢产物含量呈正相关,
4.2 不同浓度亚砷酸钠可诱导16HBE细胞Dicer mRNA和蛋白表达,敲低Dicer显著抑制16HBE细胞的活力和增殖.
  • 云南省科技厅基础研究专项-面上项目(202401AT070177)
  • 国家自然科学基金(82160607)
  • 云南省创新团队(202405AS350016)
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2025年第45卷第5期
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  • 接收时间:2024-10-28
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28
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云南省科技厅基础研究专项-面上项目(202401AT070177)
国家自然科学基金(82160607)
云南省创新团队(202405AS350016)
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    昆明医科大学云南省公共卫生与生物安全重点实验室暨公共卫生学院,云南 昆明 650500

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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