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In this study, GCW was coupled with the advanced oxidation system based on Fe2+ activated O2 to achieve efficient transmission and uniform distribution of chemical agents while continuously replenishment of oxygen to groundwater, so as to enhance the remediation effect of the Fe2+/O2/ligand was advanced oxidation system. The variation law of groundwater flow field and enhanced transport effect of solute under the enhancement of GCW were clarified using two-dimensional simulation tank experiment combined with visualization methods such as tracer dyeing. In addition, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was selected as the ligand, and the effect of advanced oxidation system on the remediation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) polluted aquifer was investigated by injection of chemicals into the well. The results show that GCW had achieved efficient transmission of chemical agents and provided sufficient O2 for advanced oxidation reactions. Under the enhancement of GCW, PNP was degraded throughout the simulated tank, with an average degradation rate of 62% in 15h. The results provide a new insight for efficient remediation of organic contaminated groundwater.

, correspAuthors=Chuan-yu QIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wei ZHAO, Cheng-wu ZHANG, Hui ZHANG, Yu YAO, Si-yi XIN, Chuan-yu QIN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240689600088306525, articleId=1240689595780756132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1234093305789726721, language=CN, title=气动力循环井强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚污染地下水, columnId=1234106386565624579, journalTitle=中国环境科学, columnName=水污染与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究将气动力循环井(GCW)与Fe2+活化O2的高级氧化体系耦合,在持续补充地下水含氧量的同时实现修复药剂的高效传输和均匀分布,以强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系的修复效果.通过二维模拟槽实验,结合示踪染色等可视化手段,明确了GCW作用下地下水流场的变化规律和溶质传输强化效果.在此基础上,选取三聚磷酸钠(STPP)为配体,通过井内注入药剂的方式,考察了高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚(PNP)污染含水层的效果.结果表明,GCW实现了对药剂的高效传输、为高级氧化反应提供充足的O2,在GCW强化作用下,整个模拟槽内PNP均有降解,15h平均降解率达62%,成果为有机污染地下水的高效修复提供了新的思路.

, correspAuthors=秦传玉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*责任作者,教授,
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赵薇(1999-),女,辽宁丹东人,吉林大学硕士研究生,主要从事污染场地控制与修复方面的研究. .

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赵薇(1999-),女,辽宁丹东人,吉林大学硕士研究生,主要从事污染场地控制与修复方面的研究. .

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赵薇(1999-),女,辽宁丹东人,吉林大学硕士研究生,主要从事污染场地控制与修复方面的研究. .

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气动力循环井强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚污染地下水
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赵薇 1, 2, 3 , 张成武 1, 2, 3 , 张慧 1, 2, 3 , 姚禹 1, 2, 3 , 辛思怡 1, 2, 3 , 秦传玉 1, 2, 3, *
中国环境科学 | 水污染与控制 2025,45(2): 820-828
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中国环境科学 | 水污染与控制 2025, 45(2): 820-828
气动力循环井强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚污染地下水
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赵薇1, 2, 3 , 张成武1, 2, 3, 张慧1, 2, 3, 姚禹1, 2, 3, 辛思怡1, 2, 3, 秦传玉1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1.吉林大学,地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,吉林 长春 130021
  • 2.石油化工污染场地控制与修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室,吉林 长春 130021
  • 3.吉林省水资源与环境重点实验室,吉林 长春 130021
  • 赵薇(1999-),女,辽宁丹东人,吉林大学硕士研究生,主要从事污染场地控制与修复方面的研究. .

通讯作者:

*责任作者,教授,
Remediation of p-nitrophenol contaminated groundwater using Fe2+/O2/ligand advanced oxidation system enhanced by groundwater circulation well
Wei ZHAO1, 2, 3 , Cheng-wu ZHANG1, 2, 3, Hui ZHANG1, 2, 3, Yu YAO1, 2, 3, Si-yi XIN1, 2, 3, Chuan-yu QIN1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
  • 2.National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
  • 3.Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
出版时间: 2025-02-20
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本研究将气动力循环井(GCW)与Fe2+活化O2的高级氧化体系耦合,在持续补充地下水含氧量的同时实现修复药剂的高效传输和均匀分布,以强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系的修复效果.通过二维模拟槽实验,结合示踪染色等可视化手段,明确了GCW作用下地下水流场的变化规律和溶质传输强化效果.在此基础上,选取三聚磷酸钠(STPP)为配体,通过井内注入药剂的方式,考察了高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚(PNP)污染含水层的效果.结果表明,GCW实现了对药剂的高效传输、为高级氧化反应提供充足的O2,在GCW强化作用下,整个模拟槽内PNP均有降解,15h平均降解率达62%,成果为有机污染地下水的高效修复提供了新的思路.

地下水污染  /  气动力循环井  /  二价铁活化氧气  /  三聚磷酸钠  /  对硝基酚

In this study, GCW was coupled with the advanced oxidation system based on Fe2+ activated O2 to achieve efficient transmission and uniform distribution of chemical agents while continuously replenishment of oxygen to groundwater, so as to enhance the remediation effect of the Fe2+/O2/ligand was advanced oxidation system. The variation law of groundwater flow field and enhanced transport effect of solute under the enhancement of GCW were clarified using two-dimensional simulation tank experiment combined with visualization methods such as tracer dyeing. In addition, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was selected as the ligand, and the effect of advanced oxidation system on the remediation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) polluted aquifer was investigated by injection of chemicals into the well. The results show that GCW had achieved efficient transmission of chemical agents and provided sufficient O2 for advanced oxidation reactions. Under the enhancement of GCW, PNP was degraded throughout the simulated tank, with an average degradation rate of 62% in 15h. The results provide a new insight for efficient remediation of organic contaminated groundwater.

groundwater pollution  /  groundwater circulation well  /  ferrous iron-activated oxygen  /  sodium tripolyphosphate  /  p-nitrophenol
赵薇, 张成武, 张慧, 姚禹, 辛思怡, 秦传玉. 气动力循环井强化Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系修复对硝基酚污染地下水. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (2) : 820 -828 .
Wei ZHAO, Cheng-wu ZHANG, Hui ZHANG, Yu YAO, Si-yi XIN, Chuan-yu QIN. Remediation of p-nitrophenol contaminated groundwater using Fe2+/O2/ligand advanced oxidation system enhanced by groundwater circulation well[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (2) : 820 -828 .
基于分子氧活化的高级氧化技术因其使用条件温和、药剂廉价易得等优势成为近年来环境污染治理领域的研究热点,在水处理方向被广泛研究[1-3].价格低廉、来源广泛的二价铁(Fe2+)被认为是用来活化氧气(O2)较为理想的金属[4-6].研究发现Fe2+与O2反应过程中可以产生羟基自由基(HO)等活性自由基(ROS)[7-8],ROS主要由单电子转移和双电子转移两种途径产生[9],但单纯的Fe2+活化O2的能力较差,体系中ROS产量低至µg/L,无法去除高浓度的有机污染物[10].
有研究报道向体系中投加乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)[11-12]、次氮基三乙酸(NTA)[13]等有机配体与多聚磷酸盐(TPP)[14-16]等无机配体均可以促进Fe2+活化O2,提高ROS产率.无机配体TPP的促进效果优于有机配体,且Fe2+与TPP形成的络合物在较宽的pH范围下均可活化O2产生ROS[17-18].其中,三聚磷酸钠(STPP)是一种廉价的、可作为食品添加剂的无机配体,不会与目标污染物竞争自由基[19]、可以循环利用,对于促进Fe2+活化O2具有显著优势.
Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系近些年在地下水修复领域也逐渐得到关注.研究表明O2含量是污染物降解的限制性因素,为地下水持续供给O2是该体系在地下环境成功应用的关键[20-21].气动力循环井(GCW)通过在井内持续曝气生成气水混合物,使井内外产生密度差驱动地下水形成三维循环流动,提高地下水的含氧量[22-24].井内曝气对地下水产生剧烈的扰动与井外强烈的垂向冲刷增强了O2在气液间的传质效率,强化修复药剂的迁移分布.其具有结构简单、操作便捷、运行维护成本低、可以有效控制污染羽扩散等优点[25-28],并便于与其他修复技术结合使用以强化修复效果[29-33].所以对于气动力循环井结合Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系降解地下水中有机污染物的研究十分有意义.
本文选取具有“三致”作用,已在地下水中有所检出的对硝基酚(PNP)[34]为目标污染物,STPP为配体,通过二维模拟槽实验探究GCW对地下水流场、溶质传输运移的强化效果;将Fe2+/O2/STPP高级氧化体系与GCW耦合,明确PNP降解效果,刻画STPP与Fe2+的药剂运移分布特征,分析地下水中O2补给与pH值变化等.为高级氧化体系修复污染地下水提供了一种高效、绿色、可持续的新思路.
实验介质选用粒径范围为0.2~0.5mm的熔融石英砂,购于新沂市林志石英厂;实验所用药品乙腈(C2H3N)与甲酸(CH2O2)为色谱纯,购买于国药集团化学试剂有限公司;其余药品均为分析纯,亮蓝(C37H34N2Na2O9S3)、邻菲罗啉(C12H10N2O)、抗坏血酸(C6H8O6)购于天津市光复科技发展有限公司;对硝基酚(C6H5NO3)购于麦克林生化科技有限公司;三聚磷酸钠(Na5P3O10)、七水合硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O)、硫酸(H2SO4)、过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)购于国药集团化学试剂有限公司;无水乙醇(C2H5OH)购于北京化工厂;乙酸(CH3COOH)购于天津市汇杭化工科技有限公司;无水乙酸钠(CH3COONa)购于天津大茂化学试剂厂;钼酸铵((NH42MoO4)购于天津市化学试剂四厂凯达化工厂;酒石酸锑钾(C8H4K2O12Sb2)天津市永大化学试剂有限公司.
空气压缩机(ACO-318,广东海利集团有限公司);气体流量计(LZB-10,祥锦流量仪表厂);蠕动泵(BT100-2J,河北保定齐力恒流泵有限公司);分析天平(PL203,梅特勒-托利多仪器公司);溶解氧仪(雷磁JPB-607A,上海雷磁仪器厂);pH计(雷磁phs-3G,上海雷磁仪器厂);高效液相色谱仪(Agilent-1260,美国安捷伦科技公司);分光光度仪(EVOLUTION 201,赛默飞世尔科技公司).
实验在二维有机玻璃模拟槽中进行,尺寸为90cm×15cm×60cm(长×宽×高).模拟槽正面分布有8排8列64个取样口,设定由下至上、由左至右为第1~8排、第A~H列.第1~5排相邻两排取样口间距7cm,第5~8排相邻两排取样口间距5cm,相邻两列间距11cm(仅第E、F列间距14cm).模拟槽背面分布有8排6列48个取样口,设定由下至上、由左至右为第1~8排、第A~F列.各排间距与正面相同,相邻两列间距16cm(仅第C、D列间距18cm).循环井总高度60cm,由内外井管嵌套而成,内外井管直径分别为6cm、10cm,于外井管上下各开5cm高筛管,下沿分别位于0cm和30cm处,曝气头固定于内井管下沿以上5cm处,经由曝气管与曝气泵相连,注药管设于循环井内井中,距离曝气头上端5cm处.循环井以滤布包裹后置于模拟槽中心位置,以熔融石英砂模拟含水层介质,采用湿法填砂并分层夯实,保证含水层饱和程度并减少气泡留存,填装高度为50cm.利用乳胶管连接模拟槽背面取样口和测压管,用以指示各取样点处水位变化,实验装置如图12所示.
实验在2L的高硼硅丝口玻璃瓶中进行,考察Fe2+/O2/STPP高级氧化体系对PNP的降解效果.配制1L,30mg/L PNP溶液,向其中加入0.920g STPP,在0.7m3/h曝气量下以5mL/min流速向其中持续注入10mmol/L的Fe2+溶液,间隔时间取出0.5mL样品,加入0.5mL无水乙醇终止反应后测试PNP浓度,将浓度与对应时刻玻璃瓶内溶液总体积的乘积记为PNP含量,并测试反应过程中Fe2+与总铁(TFe)浓度变化.在此实验基础上添加10mmol/L叔丁醇(TBA)作为HO掩蔽剂,200U/mL超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)作为O2•−掩蔽剂,确定不同ROS降解PNP的贡献.
实验考察不同曝气流量对地下水流场的影响.固定模拟槽内地下水初始水位,设定曝气流量为0.1~0.8m3/h,记录曝气前后水位稳定时的水位高度变化.
实验采用自来水模拟地下水,其余实验用水均为去离子水,模拟槽内地下水初始水位固定于上花管中间位置33cm处.
选用0.7m3/h的曝气流量,于模拟槽正面每两列(不包括第D、E列)取样口中间位置注入10mL、0.5g/L的亮蓝示踪剂,记录不同时间亮蓝运移情况.
实验采用湿法填砂,向模拟槽中饱入30L、30mg/L PNP溶液,静置2h使初始水位稳定于循环井上花管中间位置,随后以0.7m3/h的流量向循环井中曝入空气运行循环井.实验过程中在模拟槽上方加盖保鲜膜密封以减少水分挥发,产生的实验误差忽略不计.通过循环井内部的注药管向模拟槽中一次性注入1L、28.5g/L STPP溶液,运行12h后,将10mmol/L Fe2+修复药剂以5mL/min的流速持续注入模拟槽,防止Fe2+大量累积竞争ROS,注入过程中向注药瓶内持续通入氮气以防止Fe2+氧化.间隔3h取0.5mL样品溶液加入0.5mL无水乙醇终止反应用于PNP的测定,将模拟槽内平均浓度与对应时刻模拟槽内地下水总体积的乘积记为PNP含量,同时取样测定Fe2+浓度、TFe浓度以及DO和pH值变化.
采用高效液相色谱法测定PNP浓度,色谱柱型号为SB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5µm),流动相比例为乙腈:0.1%甲酸=45:55,采用等度洗脱,流速为1mL/min,进样量为10µL,柱温为40℃,VWD波长为317nm,出峰时间为2.8min.
采用邻菲罗啉分光光度法[35]测定体系中Fe2+与TFe浓度、钼酸铵分光光度法[36]测定STPP浓度.Fe2+与邻菲罗啉反应会生成稳定的橙红色络合物,在510nm波长下测试吸光度,可计算出Fe2+的浓度.测定TFe时需提前加入抗坏血酸将体系中Fe3+还原为Fe2+再于510nm波长下进行测定.中性条件下过硫酸钾消解样品可以将样品中的磷均转化为正磷酸盐,正磷酸盐在酸性条件下会与钼酸盐、锑盐反应生成磷钼杂多酸,磷钼杂多酸被抗坏血酸还原生成蓝色络合物,在700nm波长下测试吸光度,根据标准曲线计算出STPP浓度.
研究首先通过静态实验,采用连续滴加Fe2+和持续曝气的方式,构建Fe2+/O2/STPP高级氧化体系考察其降解PNP的效果和可行性,并分析产生的ROS种类与其降解PNP的贡献,确定STPP对Fe2+活化O2的促进作用,为后续动态修复实验提供支撑.从图3(a)可以看出,STPP/O2、Fe2+/O2与Fe2+/N2/ STPP体系中PNP几乎没有发生降解;而Fe2+/O2/ STPP体系对PNP的降解率为97.4%,说明PNP的降解需要Fe2+、O2、STPP三者共存,持续注入的Fe2+可以与STPP形成配合物有效活化O2产生ROS降解PNP.Fe2+和Fe2+-STPP溶液的循环伏安曲线图如图3(f)所示,对于只含有Fe2+的溶液在0.7V附近观察到氧化峰,加入STPP后峰电位下降到0.2V左右,表明STPP通过降低Fe3+/Fe2+的氧化还原电位促进O2活化.图3(b)所示,Fe2+/O2/STPP体系反应过程中随着Fe2+溶液的注入,TFe浓度不断升高,Fe2+浓度增长缓慢,120min时仅达到0.5mmol/L,远远低于注入量,说明Fe2+一经注入立刻与O2反应,反应过程中的Fe2+几乎全被利用,Fe2+是主要电子供体,O2为电子受体,其产生的ROS用以高效降解PNP.为了明确体系中ROS种类,对体系的ROS进行检测,使用水为溶剂检测HO、甲醇为溶剂检测O2•−,以DMPO进行捕获,通过电子顺磁共振EPR光谱进行分析.图3(c)所示,体系中检测到了1:2:2:1四重信号特征峰,说明体系中有HO产生;图3(d)中检测到DMPO-O2•−自旋加合物的1:1:1:1四重信号特征峰,说明体系中存在O2•−.通过添加过量HO、O2•−的掩蔽剂用以评估不同ROS对PNP的降解贡献.由图3(e)可以看出,体系中HO对PNP降解起主要作用,O2•−对PNP的直接降解贡献较少.O2•−主要为单电子传递过程中HO的中间产物[37].
曝气流量处于0.1~0.8m3/h范围内时,以最靠近GCW的D、E两列测压管内水位上升高度最大值(第5排)及水位下降高度最大值(第1排)之和记为ΣΔh,以表征不同曝气流量下模拟槽内的水流循环强度[38].各测压管内的水位变化及ΣΔh变化如图4所示.当曝气流量小于0.4m3/h时,产生的曝气压力较小导致内井中的水无法溢出,地下水未能形成循环,当曝气流量大于等于0.4m3/h时,地下水循环形成,影响半径达到模拟槽边界,模拟槽内的水均可以参与到GCW的循环流动中,溶解在水中的O2可随着地下水流动扩散至整个模拟槽.随着曝气量的增加,各测压管内水位变化幅度逐渐增大,ΣΔh整体呈现上升趋势,这说明地下水的循环强度随着曝气量增大而增强,在GCW附近形成强烈的垂向冲刷,可以加快O2在地下水中扩散,增强传质效率.但当曝气量达到一定值后,ΣΔh上升速率减缓,当曝气量从0.7m3/h增加为0.8m3/h时,ΣΔh仅增加0.4cm,此时增大曝气量不会对地下水循环强度产生较大影响,但却会加大能耗.综上,确定曝气流量为0.7m3/h用于后续模拟实验.向每两列取样口中间位置注入亮蓝示踪剂,注入点位由左至右为1~6,溶质运移迹线如图5所示.
随着地下水不断循环,溶质在水力梯度的驱动下向GCW下花管位置运移.整体运移迹线以GCW为中心呈现锥形对称分布.距离GCW最近的3号和4号点位处亮蓝率先响应,与测压管水位变化吻合,此处地下水循环强度最大,30min左右溶质可进入循环井内;1号和6号点位亮蓝因距离GCW较远,地下水循环强度较小、流速较慢,不能快速迁移至GCW下花管处,但在40min时候明显由布水区附近迁移回模拟槽主体介质中,说明模拟槽两端的溶质也可以参与到循环中.120min时,1~6号各点位的亮蓝均可运移至GCW下部,并由下花管流入、上花管迁出,由此说明GCW循环效果较好,可以促使整个模拟槽内的溶质均参与到地下水循环中,随着地下水流动不断运移.
GCW运行稳定后,通过井内的注药管向模拟槽中一次性注入STPP溶液,在6h、12h时取样检测浓度,其迁移分布如图6所示.STPP在纵向与横向上均有迁移,运行6h后整个模拟槽内均能检测出,但靠近GCW附近STPP浓度高于模拟槽两侧,这是因为靠近GCW处地下水循环强度较大,模拟槽边界距离循环井较远,水流循环强度较小.井内注入的STPP由GCW上花管随地下水流出,受循环强度的影响大部分STPP快速迁移至井周,少量慢速迁移到模拟槽两侧.反应12h时整个模拟槽内STPP浓度相近,约为2.22mmol/L,说明GCW强化了STPP迁移运输和均匀分布.
由井内注药管以5mL/min的流速持续注入Fe2+修复药剂,模拟槽内PNP的降解总量与浓度分布分别如图7图8所示.随着曝气的进行,GCW附近的PNP因地下水循环强度较大优先发生降解,后经GCW水力环流作用降解区域逐渐扩大,3h可扩展至模拟槽边界,整个模拟槽内均有不同程度的降解.说明Fe2+可以与配体充分结合,构成Fe2+/O2/STPP体系生成ROS降解污染物.各时间PNP浓度分布均为模拟槽下部略高于上部,以GCW为中心呈锥形分布,与地下水流向相对应,符合溶质运移迹线.这是因为受井内外密度差影响,浓度较高的PNP随地下水由GCW下部花管流入井内,剧烈的空气扰动使PNP与修复药剂充分接触混合,PNP被大量降解后随地下水由上部花管返回含水层.随着Fe2+注入,PNP以约35mg/h的速率不断被降解,运行至15h时,整个模拟槽内平均浓度为9.03mg/L,降解率约62%.
修复过程中Fe2+与TFe的浓度分布情况如图9所示,反应前3h,注入Fe2+总量较少,其反应消耗速率高于注入速率,Fe2+被完全利用,因此无法检出.随着修复药剂的持续注入,Fe2+浓度略微升高,受模拟槽内地下水流向与循环强度影响模拟槽上部浓度略高于下部、靠近GCW浓度略高于模拟槽两侧,浓度分布与污染物降解区域基本一致,浓度较高的区域PNP降解速率较快,降解效果较好,15h模拟槽内平均浓度为0.05mmol/L,仍远低于注入量,说明反应过程中Fe2+几乎全部参与反应,其注入量决定最终PNP去除效果.模拟槽中TFe浓度随修复药剂注入逐渐升高,但整体较为均匀的分布在整个模拟槽内,随着地下水循环流动3h可分布至整个模拟槽,再次证明了GCW可以强化药剂的传输运移.
修复过程中模拟槽内DO与pH值的变化如图10所示,DO浓度随着反应的进行逐渐降低,修复过程中DO浓度约为5~6mg/L,15h相比于初始DO浓度仅降低约1mg/L.说明O2参与了高级氧化反应,但其补充速率要远高于消耗速率,循环井内空气的剧烈扰动及井外强烈的垂向冲刷提高了O2在气液之间传质效率,成功地为地下水补给O2.随着反应的进行,模拟槽内pH值略微降低,反应前后维持在8.6~8.0之间.这可能是由于注入的Fe2+与体系中生成的Fe3+在弱碱性条件下会发生水解作用消耗部分OH-,但体系中的STPP有一定的缓冲作用使反应过程中pH值较为稳定.
3.1 Fe2+/O2/STPP高级氧化体系中生成的ROS为HO和O2•−,HO对PNP降解起主要作用,O2•−对PNP的直接降解贡献较少.
3.2 随曝气量增加地下水循环强度增加、影响半径增大,但超过0.7m3/h后增幅较小.整个模拟含水层都能参与循环,越靠近GCW循环强度越大,溶质运移迹线以GCW为中心呈锥形分布.
3.3 GCW形成地下水三维循环的同时增强O2在气液间传质、强化修复药剂传输运移,并促进Fe2+、STPP、O2、PNP的有效接触和反应,提高修复效率.
3.4 在GCW的强化作用下,地下水中O2充足,其不再是Fe2+/O2/配体高级氧化体系应用于地下环境的限制性因素.PNP的降解效果较好,持续注入Fe2+15h后模拟槽内平均降解率达62%,修复过程中pH稳定.
  • 吉林省自然科学基金(20230101132JC)
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  • 接收时间:2024-07-28
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-02-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-28
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吉林省自然科学基金(20230101132JC)
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    1.吉林大学,地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,吉林 长春 130021
    2.石油化工污染场地控制与修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室,吉林 长春 130021
    3.吉林省水资源与环境重点实验室,吉林 长春 130021

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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