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Clean and low-carbon development in the transportation sector is crucial for preventing, controlling and mitigating atmospheric environmental problems that threaten sustainable human health. Based on statistical data, sustainable development reports and pollution prevention and control plans for the five modes of transport, including railways, highways, waterways, civil aviation and urban transport, released by the relevant authorities, we have introduced rail-water intermodal transport, China-Europe express trains, high-speed rail passenger transport, Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) and 12 strategies to improve the quality of vehicle fuel, including enhancing port efficiency and maritime energy efficiency. Ship fuel quality; pollution control and emission reduction at solid and liquid bulk cargo terminals; enhancing civil aviation's energy conservation and emission reduction capabilities; electric public transport; and rail transit. A calculation model for reducing air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions was proposed based on the fuel method, transportation energy consumption, emission factors and alternative transportation volume. Twelve scenario emission reduction estimation methods based on analogy and statistical analysis were also proposed. Based on estimated reductions in fuel, air pollutants and CO₂, the effectiveness of clean and low-carbon development in comprehensive transportation has been reviewed since 2013. Prospects for the development of clean and low-carbon comprehensive transportation have been established in response to the problems and challenges we face.

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综合交通清洁低碳发展对于防控与缓解危害人类可持续健康发展的大气环境问题具有重大意义，为此依据主管部门公开的铁路、公路、水路、民航、城市等5种运输方式的统计数据、可持续发展报告、污染防治规划，分别设定了铁水联运、中欧班列、高铁客运、电子不停车收费（ETC）、车用燃料质量提升、港口效率提升、海运能效提升、船舶燃油质量提升、固液散货码头污染治理减排、民航节能减排能力提升、电动公交、轨道交通等12种关于清洁低碳发展的对策情景，提出了基于燃料法-运输能耗-排放因子-替代运输量的空气污染物及温室气体减排量计算模式和基于类比及统计分析等方法的12种对策情景减排量估算方法，根据估算的2013年以来的燃油及空气污染物和CO₂的减排量，对综合交通清洁低碳发展的成效进行了回顾，针对面临的问题与挑战对综合交通清洁低碳的发展做出了展望。

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乔冰（1959—），女，研究员，博士，研究方向为环境科学、航运生态保护与污染防治、交通运输碳减排与碳中和。E-mail:qiaobing@wti.ac.cn

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乔冰（1959—），女，研究员，博士，研究方向为环境科学、航运生态保护与污染防治、交通运输碳减排与碳中和。E-mail:qiaobing@wti.ac.cn

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