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In view of the slow response speed of fuel cells, which limits their ability to promptly respond to dynamic power loads, a composite energy storage power supply is employed to address this issue. Using wavelet transform technology, the steady component of the load is allocated to the fuel cell, while the fluctuating portion is assigned to the composite power supply. Based on Pontryagin's minimum principle, an energy management strategy is formulated with the supercapacitor's energy as the state variable, the output power of the lithium battery as the control variable, and the root mean square current of the lithium battery as the cost function. A simulation model of the ship power system is built in Matlab/Simulink to validate the proposed energy management strategy. The results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy enables stable output power from the fuel cell and achieves rational power distribution according to the charge-discharge characteristics, capacity, and current state of charge of both the supercapacitor and the lithium battery. Compared to hybrid ships without supercapacitors and traditional fixed filter strategies, the proposed approach reduces the rate of current change in the lithium battery and extends the service life of the fuel cell and lithium battery.

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针对燃料电池响应速度较慢、无法及时反应功率负载突然变化的特点，采用复合储能电源来加以改进。利用小波变换技术将负载的稳定部分分配给燃料电池，将负载的波动部分分配给复合储能电源；基于庞特里亚金极小值原理，制定以超级电容的能量为状态变量、锂电池输出功率为控制变量、锂电池电流均方根为成本函数的能量管理策略。在Matlab/Simulink中搭建燃料电池复合储能船舶动力系统仿真模型，对所提出的能量管理策略进行验证。结果表明，该控制策略可实现燃料电池输出功率相对稳定，能够根据超级电容和锂电池的充放电特性、容量和当前的荷电状态合理分配功率，与没有超级电容的混合动力船舶和传统固定滤波器策略相比，锂电池的电流变化率减小，可延长燃料电池/锂电池的寿命。

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^2.School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1240655142345830819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, articleId=1240655141091733831, authorId=1240655142152892821, language=CN, stringName=黄晓君, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=^{1, 2}, address=^1． 武汉理工大学 高性能舰船技术教育部重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430063
^2． 武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院，湖北 武汉 430063, bio={"content":"

黄晓君（2000—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为船舶电力推进与智能船舶。E-mail: 1136493078@qq.com

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黄晓君（2000—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为船舶电力推进与智能船舶。E-mail: 1136493078@qq.com

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