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To achieve carbon neutrality, governments and enterprises are accelerating the decarbonization process in the shipping industry. This paper focuses on the Low-Carbon Maritime Supply Chain (LMSC), considering both government policies and consumers' green preferences. A two-stage Stackelberg game model between shipping companies and freight forwarders is developed to determine optimal pricing and carbon emission reduction strategies, while examining the impacts of carbon taxes, government subsidies, and consumers' green preferences on decision-making. The analysis yields three main findings: First, cooperation between freight forwarders and shipping companies maximizes overall profits for the LMSC; however, to achieve higher emission reduction levels, both parties should co-lead the supply chain. Second, government subsidies and enhanced low-carbon awareness produce dual effects: while they help reduce emissions and increase corporate profits, they may also raise TEU market prices for consumers under certain conditions. Third, although carbon taxes significantly improve the low-carbon performance of the LMSC, they reduce profits for all participants and increase TEU market prices.
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为实现碳中和目标，政府和企业正全力加快航运业的绿色转型。本文针对低碳海运供应链（LMSC），考虑政府政策和消费者绿色偏好，运用斯塔克尔伯格博弈理论，构建航运公司和货运代理（货代）的二阶段博弈模型，确定双方的定价和碳减排水平决策，研究碳税、政府补贴和消费者绿色偏好对双方决策的影响。研究发现：1）航运公司与货代合作能够实现LMSC整体利润的最大化，为了进一步提高LMSC的碳减排水平，双方应共同主导LMSC的发展；2）政府补贴和低碳意识的提高具有双重作用，不仅降低了碳排放水平还提高了企业利润，在某些情况下可能导致集装箱市场价格上涨；3）虽然碳税能够显著提高LMSC的低碳水平，但它会降低各方的利润，并推高集装箱市场价格。
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杨宇淳（2001—），男，硕士生，研究方向为航运供应链。E-mail: 1298524668@qq.com
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杨宇淳（2001—），男，硕士生，研究方向为航运供应链。E-mail: 1298524668@qq.com
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