Article(id=1240655021172388786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, issueId=1240655017040991028, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735747200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773724807303, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773724807303, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773724807303, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773724807303, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240655017040991028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, year='2025', volume='48', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='199', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773724806318, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773725219619, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240656750618145316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, issueId=1240655017040991028, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240656750618145317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, issueId=1240655017040991028, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=132, endPage=140, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240655021432435653, articleId=1240655021172388786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240618002186551303, language=EN, title=Research on ship trajectory prediction model based on GRU-Attention-BiLSTM, columnId=1240655021340160960, journalTitle=Navigation of China, columnName=Intelligent Shipping, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To address the issue of low accuracy in ship trajectory prediction in complex navigable waters, this paper proposes a GRU-Attention-BiLSTM model for ship trajectory prediction. In the encoder part, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is employed to capture temporal features in trajectory sequences. The decoder adopts a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network (BiLSTM) integrated with an Attention mechanism to adjust the weights of data features. The model input is based on the longitude, latitude, speed and heading of the ship at the historical moment, and the ship density in the water area after median filtering smoothing is introduced as an additional feature. Using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data from the core port area of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in March 2024, the model was trained and validated. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with GRU, LSTM, Seq2Seq-LSTM, Attention-BiLSTM, and Transformer models demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior prediction performance across different prediction durations and navigation scenarios.

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针对复杂通航水域中船舶轨迹预测准确性不高的问题,提出了基于GRU-Attention-BiLSTM的船舶轨迹预测模型,该模型编码器部分使用门控循环单元(GRU)来捕捉轨迹序列中的时序特征,解码器采用双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)并加入注意力(Attention)机制来调整数据特征的权值。以历史时刻的船舶经度、纬度、速度及航向为模型输入基础特征,同时引入中值滤波平滑处理后的水域船舶密度作为附加特征。选取宁波舟山港核心港区2024年3月的AIS数据进行模型的训练和验证,并与GRU、LSTM、Seq2Seq-LSTM、Attention-BiLSTM和Transformer模型进行定量和定性对比,结果表明本文模型在不同的预测时长和航行场景下都有更优的预测结果。

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袁志涛(1986—),男,硕士生导师,研究方向为水路交通安全保障等。E-mail:
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基于GRU-Attention-BiLSTM的船舶轨迹预测模型
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袁志涛 1, 2 , 李泽伟 1 , 刘克中 1, 2 , 陈默子 1, 2 , 袁航 1
中国航海 | 智能航运 2025,48(4): 132-140
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中国航海 | 智能航运 2025, 48(4): 132-140
基于GRU-Attention-BiLSTM的船舶轨迹预测模型
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袁志涛1, 2 , 李泽伟1, 刘克中1, 2, 陈默子1, 2, 袁航1
作者信息
  • 1.武汉理工大学 航运学院,湖北 武汉 430063
  • 2.内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430063

通讯作者:

袁志涛(1986—),男,硕士生导师,研究方向为水路交通安全保障等。E-mail:
Research on ship trajectory prediction model based on GRU-Attention-BiLSTM
Zhitao YUAN1, 2 , Zewei LI1, Kezhong LIU1, 2, Mozi CHEN1, 2, Hang YUAN1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
出版时间: 2025-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.015
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针对复杂通航水域中船舶轨迹预测准确性不高的问题,提出了基于GRU-Attention-BiLSTM的船舶轨迹预测模型,该模型编码器部分使用门控循环单元(GRU)来捕捉轨迹序列中的时序特征,解码器采用双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)并加入注意力(Attention)机制来调整数据特征的权值。以历史时刻的船舶经度、纬度、速度及航向为模型输入基础特征,同时引入中值滤波平滑处理后的水域船舶密度作为附加特征。选取宁波舟山港核心港区2024年3月的AIS数据进行模型的训练和验证,并与GRU、LSTM、Seq2Seq-LSTM、Attention-BiLSTM和Transformer模型进行定量和定性对比,结果表明本文模型在不同的预测时长和航行场景下都有更优的预测结果。

复杂通航水域  /  船舶轨迹预测  /  注意力机制

To address the issue of low accuracy in ship trajectory prediction in complex navigable waters, this paper proposes a GRU-Attention-BiLSTM model for ship trajectory prediction. In the encoder part, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is employed to capture temporal features in trajectory sequences. The decoder adopts a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network (BiLSTM) integrated with an Attention mechanism to adjust the weights of data features. The model input is based on the longitude, latitude, speed and heading of the ship at the historical moment, and the ship density in the water area after median filtering smoothing is introduced as an additional feature. Using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data from the core port area of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in March 2024, the model was trained and validated. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with GRU, LSTM, Seq2Seq-LSTM, Attention-BiLSTM, and Transformer models demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior prediction performance across different prediction durations and navigation scenarios.

complex navigable waters  /  ship trajectory prediction  /  attention mechanism
袁志涛, 李泽伟, 刘克中, 陈默子, 袁航. 基于GRU-Attention-BiLSTM的船舶轨迹预测模型. 中国航海, 2025 , 48 (4) : 132 -140 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.015
Zhitao YUAN, Zewei LI, Kezhong LIU, Mozi CHEN, Hang YUAN. Research on ship trajectory prediction model based on GRU-Attention-BiLSTM[J]. Navigation of China, 2025 , 48 (4) : 132 -140 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.015
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52031009)
2025年第48卷第4期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.015
  • 接收时间:2025-01-02
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52031009)
作者信息
    1.武汉理工大学 航运学院,湖北 武汉 430063
    2.内河航运技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430063

通讯作者:

袁志涛(1986—),男,硕士生导师,研究方向为水路交通安全保障等。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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