Article(id=1207658079588557608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, issueId=1207658076900008717, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=null, receivedDateStr=null, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765857723376, onlineDateStr=2025-12-16, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765857723376, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765857723376, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765857723376, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207658076900008717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, year='2025', volume='23', issue='2', pageStart='189', pageEnd='376', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765857722735, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765862348176, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207677477451833566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, issueId=1207658076900008717, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207677477451833567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, issueId=1207658076900008717, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=309, endPage=314, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207658080356115260, articleId=1207658079588557608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, language=EN, title=Design and simulation study of three-dimensional vibration isolation system for vehicle-mounted precision equipment, columnId=1207658079282373410, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery, columnName=Design Manufacture and Quality Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the vibration response of vehicle-mounted precision equipment in a motorized environment, a new type of combined vibration isolator based on spring and rubber structure is proposed under the constraints of known equipment characteristics and vibration isolation performance requirements, and then a three-dimensional vibration isolation system of the vehicle-mounted precision equipment is designed by connecting the vibration isolators in parallel. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of the vibration isolation system is established, and the vibration isolation performance of the system in transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions is analyzed based on ABAQUS, and the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are 0.82, 0.94, 0.93, respectively; meanwhile, the random vibration test results show that the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are 0.88, 0.75, 0.87, respectively, which is within 10% of the simulation result, verifying that the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are within 10% of the simulation results. are within 10%, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation results and meets the demand for vibration reduction of vehicle-mounted precision equipment.

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针对车载精密设备在机动环境下的振动响应,在已知设备特性和隔振性能要求的限制条件下,提出了一种基于弹簧与橡胶结构的新型组合式隔振器,然后通过并联隔振器设计了一款车载精密设备三维隔振系统。本文建立了隔振系统的三维模型,基于ABAQUS分析了横向、纵向、垂向3个方向下系统的隔振性能,得到三向均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.82、0.94、0.93。同时,随机振动试验结果表明,三向均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.88、0.75、0.87,与仿真结果对比,误差均在10%以内,验证了仿真结果的准确性,满足了车载精密设备减振的需求。

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张锦光(1966—),男,教授,博士。E-mail:
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程辉(1998—),男,硕士。E-mail:

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程辉(1998—),男,硕士。E-mail:

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School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207748668459946756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, companyId=1207748668434780928, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.武汉理工大学 机电工程学院,湖北 武汉 430070)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207748668581581581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207748668585775886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, companyId=1207748668581581581, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Wuhan Sanjiang Space Yuanfang Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207748668594164496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, companyId=1207748668581581581, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.武汉三江航天远方科技有限公司,湖北 武汉 430070)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1207748672826216467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Diagram of the combined vibration isolator, figureFileSmall=lgUcdZB9gf2QHwXs5CGO9w==, figureFileBig=IDzFcU0kdujUfQFWJxzEAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748672935268379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=图1, caption=隔振器系统结构, figureFileSmall=lgUcdZB9gf2QHwXs5CGO9w==, figureFileBig=IDzFcU0kdujUfQFWJxzEAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673073680419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Finite element model diagram of vibration isolator, figureFileSmall=HAPvlwajm+gDHpBZ1BwHRw==, figureFileBig=6mxrIDb6oUWGl+FzqdpLUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673182732333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=图2, caption=隔振器有限元模型, figureFileSmall=HAPvlwajm+gDHpBZ1BwHRw==, figureFileBig=6mxrIDb6oUWGl+FzqdpLUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673266618418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The prediction flowchart, figureFileSmall=ZhQN3uT+diqO3emh5hlntg==, figureFileBig=EWenoYmvzBYOqbTH+Q286w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673430196281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=图3, caption=高速公路卡车振动环境, figureFileSmall=ZhQN3uT+diqO3emh5hlntg==, figureFileBig=EWenoYmvzBYOqbTH+Q286w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673551831107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Random vibration test bench, figureFileSmall=8fYsakCuGWdevYnI/nueXQ==, figureFileBig=HSWR5BSYyQ4gSI5eBFDN4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673673465933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=图4, caption=随机振动试验台, figureFileSmall=8fYsakCuGWdevYnI/nueXQ==, figureFileBig=HSWR5BSYyQ4gSI5eBFDN4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673824460889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Triaxial random vibration test data, figureFileSmall=AOn0OqmcbK9porK4cPWr6A==, figureFileBig=ynNjIeSF72EvhVZcOHJOpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748673958678625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=图5, caption=三向随机振动试验数据, figureFileSmall=AOn0OqmcbK9porK4cPWr6A==, figureFileBig=ynNjIeSF72EvhVZcOHJOpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207748674097090665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Combined vibration isolator basic parameter table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
额定载荷/kg垂向刚度/(N·mm-1垂向阻尼比横向刚度/(N·mm-1横向阻尼比
120600.02450.03
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674277445742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

组合式隔振器基本参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
额定载荷/kg垂向刚度/(N·mm-1垂向阻尼比横向刚度/(N·mm-1横向阻尼比
120600.02450.03
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674382303347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Simulation data

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向激励均方根加速度g响应均方根加速度g衰减率
横向0.2040.036 70.82
纵向0.7400.044 40.94
垂向1.0400.072 80.93
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674482966651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

仿真数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向激励均方根加速度g响应均方根加速度g衰减率
横向0.2040.036 70.82
纵向0.7400.044 40.94
垂向1.0400.072 80.93
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674596212865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Bearing accelerated life test condition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向激励均方根加速度g响应均方根加速度g衰减率
横向0.195 00.049 40.75
纵向0.733 00.088 00.88
垂向1.042 70.134 40.87
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674730430604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

随机振动试验数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向激励均方根加速度g响应均方根加速度g衰减率
横向0.195 00.049 40.75
纵向0.733 00.088 00.88
垂向1.042 70.134 40.87
), ArticleFig(id=1207748674843676817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205116883411038211, articleId=1207658079588557608, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Bearing accelerated life test condition

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横向0.820.758.5
纵向0.940.886.4
垂向0.930.876.5
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仿真与试验数据对比

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方向仿真试验误差/%
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垂向0.930.876.5
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车载精密设备三维隔振系统设计、仿真及试验研究
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程辉 1 , 梁珂 2 , 李伟 2 , 文湘隆 1 , 张锦光 1
中国工程机械学报 | 设计制造与质量控制 2025,23(2): 309-314
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中国工程机械学报 | 设计制造与质量控制 2025, 23(2): 309-314
车载精密设备三维隔振系统设计、仿真及试验研究
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程辉1 , 梁珂2, 李伟2, 文湘隆1, 张锦光1
作者信息
  • 1.武汉理工大学 机电工程学院,湖北 武汉 430070
  • 2.武汉三江航天远方科技有限公司,湖北 武汉 430070
  • 程辉(1998—),男,硕士。E-mail:

通讯作者:

张锦光(1966—),男,教授,博士。E-mail:
Design and simulation study of three-dimensional vibration isolation system for vehicle-mounted precision equipment
Hui CHENG1 , Ke LIANG2, Wei LI2, Xianglong WEN1, Jinguang ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • 2. Wuhan Sanjiang Space Yuanfang Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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针对车载精密设备在机动环境下的振动响应,在已知设备特性和隔振性能要求的限制条件下,提出了一种基于弹簧与橡胶结构的新型组合式隔振器,然后通过并联隔振器设计了一款车载精密设备三维隔振系统。本文建立了隔振系统的三维模型,基于ABAQUS分析了横向、纵向、垂向3个方向下系统的隔振性能,得到三向均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.82、0.94、0.93。同时,随机振动试验结果表明,三向均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.88、0.75、0.87,与仿真结果对比,误差均在10%以内,验证了仿真结果的准确性,满足了车载精密设备减振的需求。

车载精密设备  /  随机振动  /  减振设计  /  有限元仿真

Aiming at the vibration response of vehicle-mounted precision equipment in a motorized environment, a new type of combined vibration isolator based on spring and rubber structure is proposed under the constraints of known equipment characteristics and vibration isolation performance requirements, and then a three-dimensional vibration isolation system of the vehicle-mounted precision equipment is designed by connecting the vibration isolators in parallel. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of the vibration isolation system is established, and the vibration isolation performance of the system in transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions is analyzed based on ABAQUS, and the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are 0.82, 0.94, 0.93, respectively; meanwhile, the random vibration test results show that the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are 0.88, 0.75, 0.87, respectively, which is within 10% of the simulation result, verifying that the three-direction rms acceleration attenuation rates are within 10% of the simulation results. are within 10%, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation results and meets the demand for vibration reduction of vehicle-mounted precision equipment.

vehicle-mounted precision equipment  /  random vibration  /  damping design  /  finite element simulation
程辉, 梁珂, 李伟, 文湘隆, 张锦光. 车载精密设备三维隔振系统设计、仿真及试验研究. 中国工程机械学报, 2025 , 23 (2) : 309 -314 .
Hui CHENG, Ke LIANG, Wei LI, Xianglong WEN, Jinguang ZHANG. Design and simulation study of three-dimensional vibration isolation system for vehicle-mounted precision equipment[J]. Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery, 2025 , 23 (2) : 309 -314 .
随着国家社会生产力的持续提高和高端装备制造业的飞跃发展,车载设备的多样性、精密性和复杂性日渐提高,其在公共卫生、地质勘测、军事等领域的应用越来越广泛[1]。车载设备是指以公路车辆底盘为承载平台,搭载的各种具有特殊功能的仪器设备设施。由于该类设备常处于机动环境中,面临着车载运输与驻地使用过程中的各种振动激励。有研究表明,车载设备有半数以上的故障与车辆振动环境有关,造成设备失效的主要原因是设备关键部件因车辆振动或冲击而受损[2]。因此,对于车载设备在机动环境下的振动响应问题进行研究和减振设计具有重要意义。
车载精密设备所受的振动激励主要由路面不平度和车辆动力系统产生。其中,路面不平度具有很强的随机性,主要对车载精密设备产生随机振动激励。来自路面的随机振动激励包括垂直于地面的方向、车辆行驶的方向和车辆横向3个方向。路面随机振动激励对车载设备性能的影响较大,易造成设备性能的降低甚至损坏[3]。随机振动激励经过车辆底盘悬架与轮胎的振动隔离后,到达车厢底板的振动能量会有一定程度衰减,之后便会直接或间接通过二次减振系统传递给车载精密设备。本文主要通过设计二次隔振系统来减小来自路面的三向随机振动激励,从而保护车载精密设备的性能在机动运输环境下不受损坏。
目前,国内外针对车载精密设备的减振问题已有了较多研究。在理论方面,刘晓雪等[4]为了简化传统的随机振动过程有限元分析方法,提出了基于虚拟激励理论对轨道车辆进行随机振动分析的程序。胡凌俊等[5]针对车辆座椅系统的非线性振动问题,建立了非线性随机动力学模型,提出了车辆座椅振动的半主动控制方法。在工程应用方面,国内外研究人员从重量、尺寸、隔振能力、抗冲击能力等方面广泛研究了不同类型隔振系统的隔振效果。目前,车用隔振系统主要由弹簧隔振器[6]、橡胶隔振器[7-8]、空气弹簧隔振器[9]、钢丝绳隔振器[10]、多维隔振平台[11-12]等组成。曹晓政等[13]研究了基于钢丝绳隔振器的车载电子设备隔振方案,并通过有限元仿真分析得到了钢丝绳隔振系统隔振后的输出功率谱密度曲线,仿真结果表明隔振前后车载电子设备的最大应力降低了38.3%。Ma等[14]提出了一种分析随机振动下非线性金属橡胶隔振器响应的策略,其考虑非线性金属橡胶的非线性特性,建立了隔离器的动态模型,所设计的隔振器在3个方向上实现了80%的高隔振效率。Yi等[15]设计了以3-CPS-UPS并联机构为主体的6自由度并联隔振平台,利用磁流变阻尼器实现隔振效果,提高了隔振频率带宽,改善了系统隔振性能。Roncen等[16]基于谐波平衡法研究了承受宽带随机振动的橡胶隔振器非线性特性,通过数值模拟与试验的方法得到了隔振器的随机振动响应。以上研究主要集中于单向随机振动响应或周期性多维振动的减振研究,对车载精密设备三维随机振动激励的减振研究较少。因此,对车载精密设备进行三维随机振动分析,设计隔振系统以提高系统的隔振能力与稳定性具有重要意义。
基于金属弹簧和橡胶结构,本文提出了一种新型组合式隔振器,并通过并联的形式,设计了一种三维隔振系统,实现了车载精密设备3自由度的随机振动隔振,并通过有限元方法和试验研究了隔振系统的隔振特性。
当汽车在均匀行驶时,车辆在路面不平度随机激励下的振动可以看作是平稳随机振动[17]。定义随机变量Xt),自功率谱密度函数Sxxω),自相关函数φxxτ),设置变量的平均值为0,则Xt)的自功率谱密度函数表示为
Xt)的自相关函数为
随机变量Xt)和双Yt)为互相关函数,互谱密度函数为Sxyω),互相关函数为φxyτ),则互相关函数为
互谱密度函数为
τ=0,则Xt)方差可表示为
Xt)的均方根值为
Xt)为加速度功率谱,则可得加速度的均方根值为
评价隔振系统的隔振效率可用加速度均方根值衰减率表示为
式中:Gex,ems为响应加速度均方根值;Gim,ems为激励加速度均方根值。
新型组合式隔振器设计参数依据单自由度隔振系统确定。若单自由度隔振系统的刚度为k,额定负载质量为m,则该系统的固有频率fd
参考《隔振原理及机械设备的隔振方法》,隔振传递率主要由组合式隔振器和设备平台构成的系统的固有频率与外界振动的激振频率之比决定,参照GJB 150.16A—2009的激振频率范围是10~500 Hz,因此需要满足激振频率与固有频率之比大于,隔振系统才会在整个激振频率频段内都具有隔振效果,从而满足车载精密设备的隔振需求。通过计算可知新型组合式隔振器与设备平台构成的系统的固有频率不大于7 Hz,从而达到隔振理论的频率比的要求。车载精密设备质量为480 kg,因此隔振系统总刚度应小于920 N/mm。
在隔振器的尺寸重量和隔振指标等限制下,采用单一的隔振器达不到所需的设计指标。考虑到金属弹簧隔振器具有较低的固有频率和橡胶隔振器容易实现多维隔振的特点,本文采用金属弹簧与橡胶结构组合而成的新型组合式隔振器来实现3自由度的随机振动隔振。
新型组合式隔振器的结构原理如图1(a)所示,其中隔振器主要由橡胶结构和金属弹簧结构组成,此外,还包括各种金属构件。隔振器下底板开有两个螺栓孔,可通过两组螺栓与车载底盘进行连接,上盖板开有螺纹孔,可通过螺钉与设备相连接。
车载精密设备隔振系统整体由负载、隔振系统及底盘构成,如图1(b)所示,其中隔振系统由4个新型组合式隔振器并联而成,共同承担来自3个方向的随机振动,以实现整个系统的三维减振功能。
组合隔振器的具体参数见表1。单个新型组合式隔振器的垂向和横向刚度分别为60 N/mm和45 N/mm,垂向和横向的阻尼比分别为0.02和0.03。
为进一步验证所设计的隔振器方案能否满足额定工况下的技术指标要求,在有限元分析软件ABAQUS中建立有限元仿真模型,对车载设备的随机振动激励与响应进行仿真研究。有限元仿真模型如图2所示,该模型共由62 237个单元、88 343个结点组成。
考虑到4组组合式隔振器对称布置,为减少计算量,在保证准确性的基础下可以只仿真一组隔振器。在该有限元仿真模型中,金属构件、金属弹簧、支撑板等,材料为合金钢,其弹性模量为206 GPa,泊松比为0.3。橡胶材料为天然橡胶,其硬度为55IRHD,本文基于Mooney-Rivlin材料模型对其进行仿真,材料参数C10=0.301,C01=0.065[17]
对隔振器底部钢板进行6自由度的固定约束。弹簧与金属构件、橡胶与金属构件之间均采用tie绑定约束。对除橡胶和金属弹簧外的金属构件施加刚体约束。
通过ABAQUS对隔振系统进行随机振动响应仿真,包括3个分析步,首先对隔振系统施加重力载荷,其次进行模态分析,最后施加三向随机振动激励。对隔振系统进行模态分析,得到隔振系统的固有频率和模态振型。通过ABAQUS模态分析可以得到隔振系统的第一阶固有频率为7 Hz。
根据国军标GJB 150.16A—2009标准[18],可得高速公路卡车运行时的三向随机振动加速度谱密度,加速度功率谱的频率范围为10~500 Hz,横向、纵向、垂向输入均方根加速度有效值分别为0.204g、0.74g、1.04g,如图3所示。在ABAQUS中定义输入的加速度谱密度,通过随机振动响应分析后,可得系统输出的均方根响应加速度有效值。
ABAQUS有限元仿真的结果见表2。横向、纵向、垂向3个方向响应的均方根加速度有效值分别为0.036 7g、0.044 4g、0.072 8g,均方根加速度有效值的衰减率分别为0.82、0.94、0.93,3个方向均实现了较高的隔振效率,保障了设备在运输过程中的安全。
本文试验所用设备为4 t振动试验分析台,型号为MPA409/LS437A,该设备最大负载500 kg,可在1~2 500 Hz区间对设备进行三轴向的随机振动试验。
根据GJB 150.16A试验方法进行随机振动试验,谱型选取标准中的高速公路卡车振动环境路谱,频率范围为10~500 Hz,横向、纵向、垂向输入均方根加速度有效值分别为0.204g、0.74g、1.04g,三向振动时间均为40 min,试验顺序为横向—纵向—垂向。
随机振动测试方案如图4所示。试验台依据图3的激励加速度功率谱密度对系统底盘进行激励的输入。响应加速度传感器固定在负载上表面的正中间,以测量负载在振动过程中的加速度振动响应。
振动试验结果见图5表3图5(a)为横向的激励与响应加速度功率谱,横向的激励均方根加速度有效值与响应均方根加速度有效值分别为0.195g和0.049 4g图5(b)为纵向的激励与响应加速度功率谱,纵向的激励均方根加速度有效值与响应均方根加速度有效值分别为0.088g和0.733g图5(c)为垂向的激励与响应加速度功率谱,垂向的激励均方根加速度有效值与响应均方根加速度有效值分别为0.134 4g和1.042 7g
随机振动试验结果表明3个方向的均方根加速度有效值衰减率均在0.75以上,体现了新型隔振系统优越的三向随机振动减振性能,满足了车载精密设备的减振需求。
横向、纵向、垂向3个方向的加速度衰减率分别为0.88、0.75、0.87,见表4,与有限元仿真相比的误差分别为8.5%、6.4%、6.5%。产生误差的主要原因有两方面:一方面隔振系统的刚度和阻尼可能与实际数据有一定偏差;另一方面隔振系统在装配过程中存在一些装配误差。总的来说,误差均在10%以内,试验结果可以验证有限元仿真方法的准确性。
本文针对车载精密设备在机动环境下的振动响应,设计了一种弹簧与橡胶结构组合而成的新型组合式隔振器,对来自地面的三向随机振动响应激励进行了减振,以保护精密设备在运输过程中功能不受损坏。基于有限元仿真模型,分析了横向、纵向、垂向3个方向下隔振系统的隔振性能,得到三向均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.82、0.94、0.93。对隔振系统的随机振动试验结果表明横向、纵向、垂向3个方向的均方根加速度衰减率分别为0.88、0.75、0.87,与仿真结果对比,误差均在10%以内,验证了有限元仿真方法的准确性。
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    1.武汉理工大学 机电工程学院,湖北 武汉 430070
    2.武汉三江航天远方科技有限公司,湖北 武汉 430070

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张锦光(1966—),男,教授,博士。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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