Article(id=1239165053241454663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, issueId=1239165048212476136, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001, pmid=null, cstr=32406.14.ycyk. 20250107001, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736179200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-07, revisedDate=1739462400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773369571265, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1757865600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773369571265, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773369571265, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773369571265, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239165048212476136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='158', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773369570067, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773617788336, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240206151170707811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, issueId=1239165048212476136, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240206151170707812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, issueId=1239165048212476136, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1, endPage=9, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239165054705266766, articleId=1239165053241454663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, language=EN, title=Current Status and Development Trends of Satellite Navigation System Integrity Technology, columnId=1239165052184482030, journalTitle=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, columnName=Navigation Technology Column, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Considering the wide application and critical importance of satellite navigation systems, aiming at the requirements for precision and reliability of the next-generation BeiDou satellite navigation system, this study investigates the current development status of integrity technology from four dimensions: basic integrity of satellite navigation systems, integrity of satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS), advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (ARAIM), and precise point positioning (PPP)integrity, and compares the technical difficulties of each. Finally, it explores the development trends of future integrity technologies. This study is significant for the design and construction of the integrity system of the next-generation BeiDou satellite navigation system.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jun XIE, Changjiang GENG, Xin NIE, Rui LI, Lei CHEN, Yilun CUI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239165059444830417, articleId=1239165053241454663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, language=CN, title=卫星导航系统完好性技术现状与发展趋势, columnId=1239165052356448497, journalTitle=遥测遥控, columnName=导航技术专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文基于卫星导航系统应用的广泛性和重要性,瞄准下一代北斗卫星导航系统对精准可靠的要求,从卫星导航系统的基本完好性、星基增强系统的完好性、高级接收机的自主完好性监测和精密单点定位的完好性等四个方面研究了当前完好性技术的发展现状,并比较了各自的技术难点,最后分析了后续完好性技术的发展趋势。本文的论述对于下一代北斗卫星导航系统完好性的体制设计与建设具有重要意义。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=HjJy3edhzYrnWC+R+kq+Mg==, magXml=VH4HRAKyv1sMZ5w+4wr4Tg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=fqej8GR+LDgT7twXKiUZQQ==, pdfFileSize=1356908, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=O9/R34yfAi+cdUPnruq7nQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

谢军 1959年生,硕士,研究员。

耿长江 1984年生,博士,研究员。

聂欣 1983年生,博士,研究员。

李锐 1976年生,博士,高级工程师。

陈雷 1988年生,博士,助理研究员。

崔轶伦 1997年生,硕士,助理工程师。

, authorsList=谢军, 耿长江, 聂欣, 李锐, 陈雷, 崔轶伦)}, authors=[Author(id=1239265674191753777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674292417078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674191753777, language=EN, stringName=Jun XIE, firstName=Jun, middleName=null, lastName=XIE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674363720249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674191753777, language=CN, stringName=谢军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094, bio={"content":"

谢军 1959年生,硕士,研究员。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

谢军 1959年生,硕士,研究员。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673755546134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673776517657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673784906265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094)])]), Author(id=1239265674447606333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674544075330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674447606333, language=EN, stringName=Changjiang GENG, firstName=Changjiang, middleName=null, lastName=GENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674615378502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674447606333, language=CN, stringName=耿长江, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076, bio={"content":"

耿长江 1984年生,博士,研究员。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

耿长江 1984年生,博士,研究员。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673902346781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673910735391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673914929696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076)])]), Author(id=1239265674682487371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674766373457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674682487371, language=EN, stringName=Xin NIE, firstName=Xin, middleName=null, lastName=NIE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265674862842454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674682487371, language=CN, stringName=聂欣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094, bio={"content":"

聂欣 1983年生,博士,研究员。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

聂欣 1983年生,博士,研究员。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673755546134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673776517657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673784906265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094)])]), Author(id=1239265674980282970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675072557664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674980282970, language=EN, stringName=Rui LI, firstName=Rui, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675173220967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265674980282970, language=CN, stringName=李锐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3北京航空航天大学 北京 100191, bio={"content":"

李锐 1976年生,博士,高级工程师。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李锐 1976年生,博士,高级工程师。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673994621475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674003010084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673994621475, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674011398693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673994621475, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3北京航空航天大学 北京 100191)])]), Author(id=1239265675282272878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675391324789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265675282272878, language=EN, stringName=Lei CHEN, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675479405179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265675282272878, language=CN, stringName=陈雷, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094, bio={"content":"

陈雷 1988年生,博士,助理研究员。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

陈雷 1988年生,博士,助理研究员。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265674103673386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674112061995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265674103673386, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674120450604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265674103673386, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094)])]), Author(id=1239265675630400127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675777200773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265675630400127, language=EN, stringName=Yilun CUI, firstName=Yilun, middleName=null, lastName=CUI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239265675865281159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, authorId=1239265675630400127, language=CN, stringName=崔轶伦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076, bio={"content":"

崔轶伦 1997年生,硕士,助理工程师。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

崔轶伦 1997年生,硕士,助理工程师。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673902346781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673910735391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673914929696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1239265676087579281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Next Generation BDS), Keyword(id=1239265676184048276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Integrity), Keyword(id=1239265676276322965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=SBAS), Keyword(id=1239265676347626137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=ARAIM), Keyword(id=1239265676444095133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=PPP), Keyword(id=1239265676548952736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=下一代北斗卫星导航系统), Keyword(id=1239265676632838819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=完好性), Keyword(id=1239265678100845223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=星基增强系统), Keyword(id=1239265678201508523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=高级接收机自主完好性监测), Keyword(id=1239265678310560430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=精密单点定位)], refs=[Reference(id=1239265679887618800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=1, issue=1, pageStart=22, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=HEIN G W, journalName=Satellite Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HEIN G W. Status, perspectives and trends of satellite navigation[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2020, 1(1): 22., articleTitle=Status, perspectives and trends of satellite navigation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265679979893491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=ESPER M, CHAO E L, WOLF C F, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ESPER M, CHAO E L, WOLF C F. 2019 federal radionavigation plan[R]. Washington: United States Dept. of Defense, 2020., articleTitle=2019 federal radionavigation plan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680076362489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=ICAO SARPS, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ICAO SARPS. Annex 10: International standards and recommended practices, aeronautical telecommunications[S]//Radio Navigation Aids. Montreal: International Civil Aviation Organization, 2023., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680181220092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1999, volume=10, issue=3, pageStart=60, pageEnd=63, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=LANGLEY RECHARD B, journalName=GPS World, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LANGLEY RECHARD B. The integrity of GPS[J]. GPS World, 1999, 10(3): 60-63, articleTitle=The integrity of GPS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680281883393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1996, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=230, pageEnd=245, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=KAPLAN E D, journalName=Understanding GPS: Principles and applications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KAPLAN E D. Understanding GPS: Principles and applications[M]. Norwood: Artech House Inc, 1996: 230-245., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680386740998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1996, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=PARKINSON W B, ENGE P, AXELRAD P, journalName=The global positioning system theory and applications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PARKINSON W B, ENGE P, AXELRAD P, et al. The global positioning system theory and applications[M]. Reston: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680474821385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=陈金平, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈金平. GPS完善性增强研究[D]. 郑州: 解放军信息工程大学, 2001., articleTitle=GPS完善性增强研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680562901775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=45813, pageEnd=45824, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=ZABALEGUI P, DE Miguel G, PEREZ A, journalName=IEEE Access, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZABALEGUI P, DE Miguel G, PEREZ A, et al. A Review of the evolution of the integrity methods applied in GNSS[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 45813-45824., articleTitle=A Review of the evolution of the integrity methods applied in GNSS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680634204950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=19, issue=9, pageStart=2762, pageEnd=2778, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=ZHU N, MARAIS J, BETAILLE D, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU N, MARAIS J, BETAILLE D, et al. GNSS position integrity in urban environments: a review of literature[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2018, 19(9): 2762-2778., articleTitle=GNSS position integrity in urban environments: a review of literature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680726479646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=810, pageEnd=821, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=郭树人, 蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, journalName=测绘学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭树人, 蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 等. 北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(7): 810-821., articleTitle=北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680831337256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=810, pageEnd=821, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=GUO Shuren, CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, journalName=Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO Shuren, CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, et al. BDS-3 RNSS technical characteristics and service performance[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2019, 48(7): 810-821., articleTitle=BDS-3 RNSS technical characteristics and service performance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265680898446126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=1, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=YANG Yuanxi, MAO Yue, SUN Bijiao, journalName=Satellite Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Yuanxi, MAO Yue, SUN Bijiao. Basic performance and future developments of BeiDou global navigation satellite system[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2020, 1(1): 1-8., articleTitle=Basic performance and future developments of BeiDou global navigation satellite system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265681011692340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=50, issue=4, pageStart=427, pageEnd=435, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 耿长江, journalName=测绘学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 耿长江, 等. 北斗三号全球导航卫星系统服务性能评估:定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、短报文通信与国际搜救[J]. 测绘学报,2021, 50(4): 427-435., articleTitle=北斗三号全球导航卫星系统服务性能评估:定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、短报文通信与国际搜救, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265681087189819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=50, issue=4, pageStart=427, pageEnd=435, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, GENG Changjiang, journalName=Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, GENG Changjiang, et al. BDS-3 performance assessment: PNT, SBAS, PPP, SMC and SAR[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(4): 427-435., articleTitle=BDS-3 performance assessment: PNT, SBAS, PPP, SMC and SAR, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265681171075904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=14, authorNames=陈雷, 裴凌, 高为广, journalName=导航定位与授时, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈雷, 裴凌, 高为广, 等. 北斗三号系统卫星自主完好性监测技术[J]. 导航定位与授时, 2024(1): 1-9., articleTitle=北斗三号系统卫星自主完好性监测技术, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265682626499395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=CHEN Lei, PEI Ling, GAO Weiguang, journalName=Navigation, Positioning and Timing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Lei, PEI Ling, GAO Weiguang, et al. Satellite autonomous integrity monitoring techniques for BDS-3 Navigation Positioning and Timing[J]. Navigation, Positioning and Timing, 2024(1): 1-9., articleTitle=Satellite autonomous integrity monitoring techniques for BDS-3 Navigation Positioning and Timing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265682706191175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1I(3.0版)[EB/OL]. (2019-02-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201902/P020190227592987952674.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1I(3.0版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265682777494350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1C(1.0版)[EB/OL]. (2017-12-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201712/P020171226740641381817.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1C(1.0版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265682865574738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=18, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B2a (1.0版)[EB/OL]. (2017-12-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201712/P020171226741887035478.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B2a (1.0版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265682974626648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=19, authorNames=TONY ANTHONY RE, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TONY ANTHONY RE. Interface Specification IS-GPS-200 Revision E. Navstar GPS Space Segment/Navigation User Interfaces[EB/OL]. (2022-08-01)[2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/technical/icwg/IS-GPS-200N.pdf., articleTitle=Interface Specification IS-GPS-200 Revision E. Navstar GPS Space Segment/Navigation User Interfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683100455775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Russian Institute of Space Device Engineering, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Russian Institute of Space Device Engineering. Global Navigation Sattelite System (GLONASS) interface control document[EB/OL]. (2012-01-07)[2025-01-05].https://www.unavco.org/help/glossary/docs/ICD_GLONASS_5.1_%282008%29_en.pdf., articleTitle=Global Navigation Sattelite System (GLONASS) interface control document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683331142502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=21, authorNames=European GNSS (Galileo) Open Service, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=European GNSS (Galileo) Open Service. Signal in space interface control document[EB/OL]. (2015-08-09). https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo_OS_SIS_ICD_v2.1.pdf., articleTitle=Signal in space interface control document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683440194409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=22, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统公开服务性能规范3.0版[EB/OL]. (2021-05-26)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202105/P020210526215541444683.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统公开服务性能规范3.0版, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683519886192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=23, authorNames=European Union, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=European Union. European GNSS (Galileo) open service definition document[EB/OL]. (2020-10-20) [2025-01-05]. https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo-OS-SDD_v1.3.pdf., articleTitle=European GNSS (Galileo) open service definition document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683616355191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Department of Defense of United States of America, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Department of Defense of United States of America. Global positioning system standard positioning service performance standard[EB/OL]. (2020-04)[2025-01-05].https://www.gps.gov/technical/ps/2020-SPS-performance-standard.pdf., articleTitle=Global positioning system standard positioning service performance standard, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683700241277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1992, volume=39, issue=3, pageStart=301, pageEnd=316, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=25, authorNames=BROWN A, journalName=Journal of The Institute of Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BROWN A. Baseline GPS RAIM: Scheme and a note on the equivalence of three RAIM methods[J]. Journal of The Institute of Navigation, 1992, 39(3): 301-316., articleTitle=Baseline GPS RAIM: Scheme and a note on the equivalence of three RAIM methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683771544448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1995, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1959, pageEnd=1964, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=26, authorNames=BROWN R G, CHIN G Y, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BROWN R G, CHIN G Y. GPS RAIM: Calculation of the threshold and protection radius using Chisquare methods - A geometric approach[C]// Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 1995). Manassas: ION, 1995: 1959-1964., articleTitle=GPS RAIM: Calculation of the threshold and protection radius using Chisquare methods - A geometric approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683851236229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=27, authorNames=SC-159, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SC-159. Minimum operational performance standards for global positioning system/wide area-based augmentation system airborne equipment. change 1, appendix V[R]. Washington, DC: RTCA Inc., 2013., articleTitle=Minimum operational performance standards for global positioning system/wide area-based augmentation system airborne equipment. change 1, appendix V, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265683981259657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=28, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-星基增强服务信号 BDSBAS-B1C(1.0 版)[EB/OL]. (2020-08-03)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202008/P020200803362063969518.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-星基增强服务信号 BDSBAS-B1C(1.0 版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684069340046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1999, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=283, pageEnd=293, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=29, authorNames=TODD W, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TODD W. WAAS MOPS: Practical examples[C]//Proceedings of the 1999 National Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation. San Diego, CA. Manassas: ION,1999: 283-293., articleTitle=WAAS MOPS: Practical examples, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684161614737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Federal Aviation Administration of America, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Federal Aviation Administration of America. Global positioning system wide area augmentation system(WAAS) performance standard[EB/OL]. (2008-10-31)[2025-01-05]. http://www.gps.gov., articleTitle=Global positioning system wide area augmentation system(WAAS) performance standard, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684245500821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=31, authorNames=WILKERSON D, BURNS J, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WILKERSON D, BURNS J. Wide area augmentation system update[C]//International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Navigation Systems Panel (NSP) Joint Working Groups Sixth Meeting (Virtual Meeting), 2020., articleTitle=Wide area augmentation system update, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684341969820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=32, authorNames=European GNSS Agency, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=European GNSS Agency. EGNOS open service (OS) service definition document[EB/OL]. (2017-10-03)[2025-01-05]. https://egnosuser-support.esspsas.eu., articleTitle=EGNOS open service (OS) service definition document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684480381855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=33, authorNames=European GNSS Agency, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=European GNSS Agency. EGNOS safety of life (SOL)service definition document[EB/OL]. (2019-03-26)[2025-01-05]. https://egnosuser-support.esspsas.eu., articleTitle=EGNOS safety of life (SOL)service definition document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684555879333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=34, authorNames=MABILLEAU M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MABILLEAU M. EGNOS programme status [C]//EUROCAE WG62#54 Meeting (Virtual Meeting), 2020., articleTitle=EGNOS programme status, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684677514151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=35, authorNames=SBAS Interoperability Working Group IWG), journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SBAS Interoperability Working Group IWG). Satellite-based augmentation system dualfrequency multi-constellation definition document[C]//SBAS IWG 31. Senegal: [s.n.], 2016., articleTitle=Satellite-based augmentation system dualfrequency multi-constellation definition document, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684769788841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=49, issue=5, pageStart=3, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=36, authorNames=邵搏, 丁群, 张键, journalName=全球定位系统, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邵搏, 丁群, 张键, 等. 国际星基增强系统发展现状及趋势[J]. 全球定位系统, 2024, 49(5): 3-9., articleTitle=国际星基增强系统发展现状及趋势, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684887229358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=49, issue=5, pageStart=3, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=37, authorNames=SHAO Bo, DING Qun, ZHANG Jian, journalName=GNSS World of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHAO Bo, DING Qun, ZHANG Jian, et al. Development status and trend of international satellite based augmentation systems[J]. GNSS World of China, 2024, 49(5): 3-9., articleTitle=Development status and trend of international satellite based augmentation systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265684992086961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=3180, pageEnd=3188, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=38, authorNames=MABILLEAU M, SALOS D, RODRIGUEZ C, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MABILLEAU M, SALOS D, RODRIGUEZ C, et al. SBAS DSVP: An SBAS DFMC service volume soft-ware prototype[C]//Proceedings of the 29th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2016). Manassas: ION, 2016: 3180-3188., articleTitle=SBAS DSVP: An SBAS DFMC service volume soft-ware prototype, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685080167351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1122, pageEnd=1132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=39, authorNames=MABILLEAU M, DE Sousa R, DENNIS J, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MABILLEAU M, DE Sousa R, DENNIS J, et al. DFMC SBAS approach concept[C]//Proceedings of the 34th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+2021). Manassas: ION, 2021: 1122-1132., articleTitle=DFMC SBAS approach concept, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685172442044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=8, pageStart=128, pageEnd=138, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=40, authorNames=王尔申, 杨迪, 宏晨, journalName=电信科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王尔申, 杨迪, 宏晨, 等. ARAIM技术研究进展[J]. 电信科学, 2019, 35(8): 128-138., articleTitle=ARAIM技术研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685273105346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=8, pageStart=128, pageEnd=138, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=41, authorNames=WANG Ershen, YANG Di, HONG Chen, journalName=Telecommunications Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Ershen, YANG Di, HONG Chen, et al. Research progress of ARAIM technology[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2019, 35(8): 128-138., articleTitle=Research progress of ARAIM technology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685348602822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=42, authorNames=PANEL FAA G, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PANEL FAA G. Gnss evolutionary architecture study: Phase I-panel report[EB/OL]. [2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/governance/advisory/meetings/2008-03/eldredge.ppt., articleTitle=Gnss evolutionary architecture study: Phase I-panel report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685440877516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=43, authorNames=FAA U S, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FAA U S. GNSS evolutionary architecture study: Phase II-panel report[EB/OL]. [2025-01-05]. https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/GEASPhaseII_Final.pdf., articleTitle=GNSS evolutionary architecture study: Phase II-panel report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685537346512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=44, authorNames=WG-C, EU-US, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WG-C, EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C, ARAIM technical subgroup: Interim report issue 1.0[EB/OL]. (2012-12-19). https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2013/working-group-c/ARAIM-report-1.0.pdf., articleTitle=Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C, ARAIM technical subgroup: Interim report issue 1.0, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685621232596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=45, authorNames=WG-C, EU-US, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WG-C, EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C-ARAIM technical subgroup: Milestone 2 report[EB/OL]. (2015-02-11) [2025-01-05].https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2015/working-group-c/ARAIM-milestone-2-report.pdf., articleTitle=Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C-ARAIM technical subgroup: Milestone 2 report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265685776421848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=46, authorNames=EU-US, journalName=Milestone 3 Report, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation, working group C—ARAIM technical subgroup[EB/OL]. Milestone 3 Report. (2016-02-25) [2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2016/working-group-c/ARAIM-milestone-3-report.pdf., articleTitle=Cooperation on satellite navigation, working group C—ARAIM technical subgroup, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687223456730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=2828, pageEnd=2849, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=47, authorNames=BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P, et al. Advanced RAIM user algorithm description: Integrity support message processing, fault detection, exclusion, and protection level calculation[C]//Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2012), Nashville, TN, September 2012. Manassas: ION, 2012: 2828-2849., articleTitle=Advanced RAIM user algorithm description: Integrity support message processing, fault detection, exclusion, and protection level calculation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687328314334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=52, issue=2, pageStart=726, pageEnd=742, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=48, authorNames=JOERGER M, PERVAN B, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JOERGER M, PERVAN B. Fault detection and exclusion using solution separation and chisquared ARAIM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2016, 52(2): 726-742., articleTitle=Fault detection and exclusion using solution separation and chisquared ARAIM, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687420589026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1916, pageEnd=1924, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=49, authorNames=DECLEENE B, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DECLEENE B. Defining pseudorange integrity-overbounding[C]//Proceedings of the 13th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation(ION GPS 2000), Salt Lake City, UT, Manassas: ION, 2000: 1916-1924., articleTitle=Defining pseudorange integrity-overbounding, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687559001066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=50, authorNames=RIFE J, WALTER T, BLANCH J, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIFE J, WALTER T, BLANCH J. Overbounding SBAS and GBAS error distributions with excessmass functions[C]// Proceedings of the 2004 International Symposium on GNSS/GPS, December 6-8, 2004, Sydney, Australia. Calgary: CPGPS, 2004: 1-15., articleTitle=Overbounding SBAS and GBAS error distributions with excessmass functions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687663858667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=1386, pageEnd=1395, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=51, authorNames=RIFE J, PULLEN S, ENGE P, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Aerosp. and Electronic Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIFE J, PULLEN S, ENGE P, et al. Paired overbounding for nonideal LAAS and WAAS error distributions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerosp. and Electronic Systems, 2006, 42(4): 1386-1395., articleTitle=Paired overbounding for nonideal LAAS and WAAS error distributions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687789687792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=55, issue=4, pageStart=1806, pageEnd=1815, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=52, authorNames=BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Aerosp and Electronic Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P. Gaussian bounds of sample distributions for integrity analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerosp and Electronic Systems, 2019,55(4): 1806-1815., articleTitle=Gaussian bounds of sample distributions for integrity analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265687894545401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=64, issue=2, pageStart=237, pageEnd=254, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[49], rfOrder=53, authorNames=PEREA S, MEURER M, RIPPL M, journalName=NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEREA S, MEURER M, RIPPL M, et al. URA/SISA analysis for GPS and Galileo to support ARAIM[J]. NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation,2017, 64(2): 237-254., articleTitle=URA/SISA analysis for GPS and Galileo to support ARAIM, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688011985919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=777, pageEnd=784, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[50], rfOrder=54, authorNames=WALTER T, BLANCH J, GUNNING K, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WALTER T, BLANCH J, GUNNING K. Standards for ARAIM ISM Data Analysis[C]//Proceedings of the ION 2019 Pacific PNT Meeting. Manassas: ION, 2019:777-784., articleTitle=Standards for ARAIM ISM Data Analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688116842500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=68, issue=1, pageStart=157, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=55, authorNames=WANG S Z, ZHAI Y W, ZHAN X Q, journalName=Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG S Z, ZHAI Y W, ZHAN X Q. Characterizing BDS signal-in-space performance from integrity perspective [J]. Navigation, 2021, 68(1): 157-183., articleTitle=Characterizing BDS signal-in-space performance from integrity perspective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688225894410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1375, pageEnd=1391, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[52], rfOrder=56, authorNames=WALLNER S, PEREA S, ODRIOZOLA M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WALLNER S, PEREA S, ODRIOZOLA M, et al. Galileo H-ARAIM Characterization and Galileo Integrity Support Message (ISM) [C]//Proceedings of the 34th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+2021). Manassas: ION, 2021: 1375-1391., articleTitle=Galileo H-ARAIM Characterization and Galileo Integrity Support Message (ISM), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688334946317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=54, issue=2, pageStart=109, pageEnd=124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[53], rfOrder=57, authorNames=RIFE J, GEBRE-EGZIABHER D, journalName=Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RIFE J, GEBRE-EGZIABHER D. Symmetric over-bounding of correlated errors[J]. Navigation, 2007, 54(2): 109-124., articleTitle=Symmetric over-bounding of correlated errors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688418832399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=55, issue=4, pageStart=283, pageEnd=292, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[54], rfOrder=58, authorNames=PULFORD G W, journalName=Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PULFORD G W. A proof of the spherically symmetric overbounding theorem for linear systems[J]. Navigation,2008, 55(4): 283-292., articleTitle=A proof of the spherically symmetric overbounding theorem for linear systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688511107091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=36, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[55], rfOrder=59, authorNames=LANGEL E S, KHANAFSEH M S, PERVAN S B, journalName=Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LANGEL E S, KHANAFSEH M S, PERVAN S B. Bounding integrity risk for sequential state estimators with stochastic modeling uncertainty[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, 2014, 37(1): 36-46., articleTitle=Bounding integrity risk for sequential state estimators with stochastic modeling uncertainty, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688636936219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=13, pageStart=327904, pageEnd=327904, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[56], rfOrder=60, authorNames=张洁, 赵琳, 杨福鑫, journalName=航空学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张洁, 赵琳, 杨福鑫, 等. 面向大众导航应用的精密单点定位完好性监测方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(13):327904-327904., articleTitle=面向大众导航应用的精密单点定位完好性监测方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688741793819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=13, pageStart=327904, pageEnd=327904, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[56], rfOrder=61, authorNames=ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Lin, YANG Fuxin, journalName=Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Lin, YANG Fuxin, et al. PPP integrity monitoring algorithm for generalpurpose navigation applications[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(13): 327904-327904., articleTitle=PPP integrity monitoring algorithm for generalpurpose navigation applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688834068513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[57], rfOrder=62, authorNames=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-精密单点定位服务信号PPP-B2b (1.0 版)[EB/OL]. (2020-08-03)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202008/P020200803362060731204.pdf., articleTitle=北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-精密单点定位服务信号PPP-B2b (1.0 版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265688913760292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[58], rfOrder=63, authorNames=EUROPEAN UNION, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=EUROPEAN UNION. Galileo high accuracy service signal-in-space interface control document (HAS SIS ICD)[EB/OL]. (2022-05-11). https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo_HAS_SIS_ICD_v1.0.pdf., articleTitle=Galileo high accuracy service signal-in-space interface control document (HAS SIS ICD), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689010229284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[59], rfOrder=64, authorNames=Cabinet Office of Japan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cabinet Office of Japan. Quasi-zenith satellite system interface specification centimeter level augmentation service (IS-QZSS-L6-004) [EB/OL]. (2021-07-14)[2025-01-05]. https://qzss.go.jp/en/technical/download/pdf/psis-qzss/is-qzss-l6-004.pdf., articleTitle=Quasi-zenith satellite system interface specification centimeter level augmentation service (IS-QZSS-L6-004), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689157029930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[60], rfOrder=65, authorNames=AGROTIS L, ERIK S, WERNER E, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AGROTIS L, ERIK S, WERNER E, et al. The IGS real time service[EB/OL]. (2017-02-22). https://www.igs.org, articleTitle=The IGS real time service, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689249304621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=2, issue=1, pageStart=3, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[61], rfOrder=66, authorNames=DU Y, WANG J, RIZOS C, journalName=Satellite Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DU Y, WANG J, RIZOS C, et al. Vulnerabilities and integrity of precise point positioning for intelligent transport systems: overview and analysis[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2021, 2(1): 3., articleTitle=Vulnerabilities and integrity of precise point positioning for intelligent transport systems: overview and analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689366745138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=485, pageEnd=507, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[62], rfOrder=67, authorNames=RODRIGUEZ-SOLANO C, BRANDL M, CHEN X M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RODRIGUEZ-SOLANO C, BRANDL M, CHEN X M,et al. Integrity real-time performance of the trimble RTX correction service[C]//Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019), Miami, Florida, September 2019. Manassas: ION, 2019: 485-507., articleTitle=Integrity real-time performance of the trimble RTX correction service, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689459019829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1910, pageEnd=1939, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[63], rfOrder=68, authorNames=GUNNING K, BLANCH J, WALTER T, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUNNING K, BLANCH J, WALTER T, et al. Design and evaluation of integrity algorithms for PPP in kinematic applications[C]//Proceedings of the 31st International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018). Manassas: ION, 2018: 1910-1939., articleTitle=Design and evaluation of integrity algorithms for PPP in kinematic applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239265689572266042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=28, issue=1, pageStart=25, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[64], rfOrder=69, authorNames=MARTINI I, SUSI M, CUCCHI L, journalName=GPS Solutions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MARTINI I, SUSI M, CUCCHI L, et al. Galileo high accuracy service performance and anomaly mitigation capabilities[J]. GPS Solutions, 2023, 28(1): 25., articleTitle=Galileo high accuracy service performance and anomaly mitigation capabilities, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1239265679669514977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=中国航天科技集团有限公司青年拔尖人才基金(未来卫星导航服务高精度高完好关键技术研究), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239265673755546134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673776517657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673784906265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673755546134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239265673902346781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673910735391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265673914929696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673902346781, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239265673994621475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674003010084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673994621475, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674011398693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265673994621475, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3北京航空航天大学 北京 100191)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239265674103673386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674112061995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265674103673386, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239265674120450604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, companyId=1239265674103673386, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239265678574801591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic integrity parameters of the four GNSS

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星导航系统信号完好性参数告警标识
BDSB1I/B3I/B2bURASatH1
B1C/B2aSISA/SISMAHS/SIF/DIF/AIF
GPSL1 C/AURAhealth
L2C/L1C/L5IAURAhealth
GalileoE1/E5a/E5bSISASHS/DVS
GLONASSG1/G2--health
), ArticleFig(id=1239265678662881978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

四个全球卫星导航系统基本完好性参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星导航系统信号完好性参数告警标识
BDSB1I/B3I/B2bURASatH1
B1C/B2aSISA/SISMAHS/SIF/DIF/AIF
GPSL1 C/AURAhealth
L2C/L1C/L5IAURAhealth
GalileoE1/E5a/E5bSISASHS/DVS
GLONASSG1/G2--health
), ArticleFig(id=1239265678759350974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Indicators of the integrity of the four GNSS commitments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星导航系统告警门限风险概率告警时间
BDS15.0 m/4.42×URA≤1.0×10-5300.0 s
GPS4.42×URA/IAURA≤1.0×10-510.0 s
Galileo70.0 m≤1.0×10-410.0 s
GLONASS4.42×SISA≤1.0×10-5--
), ArticleFig(id=1239265678876791490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

四个全球导航卫星系统承诺的完好性指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星导航系统告警门限风险概率告警时间
BDS15.0 m/4.42×URA≤1.0×10-5300.0 s
GPS4.42×URA/IAURA≤1.0×10-510.0 s
Galileo70.0 m≤1.0×10-410.0 s
GLONASS4.42×SISA≤1.0×10-5--
), ArticleFig(id=1239265678952288965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Requirements for LPV-200 integrity indicators

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标名称指标要求
风险概率2.0×10-7/150 s
告警时间6.2 s
水平告警门限40.0 m
垂直告警门限35.0 m
水平精度16.0 m
垂直精度4.0 m
可用性1.0×10-6/15 s ~8.0×10-6/15 s
连续性99.0%
), ArticleFig(id=1239265679073923784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

LPV-200完好性指标要求

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标名称指标要求
风险概率2.0×10-7/150 s
告警时间6.2 s
水平告警门限40.0 m
垂直告警门限35.0 m
水平精度16.0 m
垂直精度4.0 m
可用性1.0×10-6/15 s ~8.0×10-6/15 s
连续性99.0%
), ArticleFig(id=1239265679166198475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

2022 ICAO discussion draft on ARAIM parameters submitted by GNSS authorities.

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
系统 Psat PconstURAURE bnorm
BDS≤1.0×10-5≤6.0×10-57.07.00.0
GPS≤1.0×10-5≤1.0×10-8IAURAURA0.0
GLONASS≤1.0×10-4≤1.0×10-49.08.00.0
Galileo≤3.0×10-5≤2.0×10-46.04.00.0
), ArticleFig(id=1239265679254278860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各系统主管部门向国际民航组织提交的ARAIM参数(讨论稿,2022)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
系统 Psat PconstURAURE bnorm
BDS≤1.0×10-5≤6.0×10-57.07.00.0
GPS≤1.0×10-5≤1.0×10-8IAURAURA0.0
GLONASS≤1.0×10-4≤1.0×10-49.08.00.0
Galileo≤3.0×10-5≤2.0×10-46.04.00.0
), ArticleFig(id=1239265679342359250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Integrity parameters of existing PPP service systems

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
提供者服务名称完好性参数参数含义
北斗系统PPP[57]URAI用户测距精度指数,包含用户测距精度等级(URACLASS)和用户测距精度值(URAVALUE),表示用户测距精度
GalileoHAS[58]//
QZSSCLAS[59]Alert FlagCLAS服务的健康状态标识,表示服务是否可用
URA包括用户测距精度等级(URACLASS)和用户测距精度值(URAVALUE),表示用户测距精度
IGSRTS[60]URA用户测距精度
TrimbleRTX[61]integrity flags对GPS、GLONASS、Galileo每颗卫星的轨道+钟差和区域电离层改正数单独设置告警标识,表示每颗卫星的每类改正服务是否可用,为每个导航系统的轨道+钟差改正数设置系统告警标识,表示该系统的轨道+钟差改正服务是否可用
), ArticleFig(id=1239265679426245335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238841944844054536, articleId=1239165053241454663, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

现有PPP服务系统的完好性参数设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
提供者服务名称完好性参数参数含义
北斗系统PPP[57]URAI用户测距精度指数,包含用户测距精度等级(URACLASS)和用户测距精度值(URAVALUE),表示用户测距精度
GalileoHAS[58]//
QZSSCLAS[59]Alert FlagCLAS服务的健康状态标识,表示服务是否可用
URA包括用户测距精度等级(URACLASS)和用户测距精度值(URAVALUE),表示用户测距精度
IGSRTS[60]URA用户测距精度
TrimbleRTX[61]integrity flags对GPS、GLONASS、Galileo每颗卫星的轨道+钟差和区域电离层改正数单独设置告警标识,表示每颗卫星的每类改正服务是否可用,为每个导航系统的轨道+钟差改正数设置系统告警标识,表示该系统的轨道+钟差改正服务是否可用
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1238822691516493831, delFlag=0, nameCn=遥测遥控, nameEn=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2095-1000, eissn=null, cn=11-1780/TP, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=uUqWBk5pV4VWPULNoAHkuQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1773287945871, updatedTime=1773299995823, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=uUqWBk5pV4VWPULNoAHkuQ==, picEn=RDDslHHvDBDNnJMjk6BxdA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1238873232732909900, language=CN, name=遥测遥控, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773299995835, updatedTime=1773299995835, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionEditorUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionReviewUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1238873232779047245, language=EN, name=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773299995846, updatedTime=1773299995846, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionEditorUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionReviewUrl=https://manuscript.spacejournal.cn/ycyk, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1238841944844054536, websiteList=[Website(id=1238843830011744952, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1238841944844054536, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN, language=CN, createTime=1773292985680, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773293577303, updateBy=18614031015, name=遥测遥控-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=遥测遥控, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1238846390617568150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773293596176, updateTime=1773293596176, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390596596627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773293596171, updateTime=1773293596171, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390638539673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293596181, updateTime=1773293596181, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390588208018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN/file/pic?fileId=g9S2GGWx7iZjf51o9vpmmA==, createTime=1773293596169, updateTime=1773293596169, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390651122587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293596184, updateTime=1773293596184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390613373845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN/file/pic, createTime=1773293596175, updateTime=1773293596175, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390646928282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293596183, updateTime=1773293596183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390604985236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1773293596173, updateTime=1773293596173, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390625956759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773293596178, updateTime=1773293596178, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846390634345368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830011744952, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773293596180, updateTime=1773293596180, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1238843830078853819, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1238841944844054536, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/EN, language=EN, createTime=1773292985696, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773293566698, updateBy=18614031015, name=遥测遥控-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1238846419235304352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773293602999, updateTime=1773293602999, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419214332829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773293602994, updateTime=1773293602994, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419256275875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293603004, updateTime=1773293603004, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419205944220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/EN/file/pic?fileId=g9S2GGWx7iZjf51o9vpmmA==, createTime=1773293602992, updateTime=1773293602992, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419268858789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293603007, updateTime=1773293603007, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419231110047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/EN/file/pic, createTime=1773293602998, updateTime=1773293602998, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419264664484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773293603006, updateTime=1773293603006, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419222721438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1773293602996, updateTime=1773293602996, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419243692961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773293603001, updateTime=1773293603001, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238846419252081570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830078853819, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773293603003, updateTime=1773293603003, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=遥测遥控, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://ycyk.spacejournal.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, journalPhotoCn=uUqWBk5pV4VWPULNoAHkuQ==, journalPhotoEn=RDDslHHvDBDNnJMjk6BxdA==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN/10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/EN/10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN/PDF/10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/EN/PDF/10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
卫星导航系统完好性技术现状与发展趋势
收藏切换
PDF下载
谢军 1 , 耿长江 2 , 聂欣 1 , 李锐 3 , 陈雷 4 , 崔轶伦 2
遥测遥控 | 导航技术专栏 2025,46(5): 1-9
收起
收藏切换
遥测遥控 | 导航技术专栏 2025, 46(5): 1-9
卫星导航系统完好性技术现状与发展趋势
全屏
谢军1, 耿长江2, 聂欣1, 李锐3, 陈雷4, 崔轶伦2
作者信息
  • 1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094
  • 2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076
  • 3北京航空航天大学 北京 100191
  • 4北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094
  • 谢军 1959年生,硕士,研究员。

    耿长江 1984年生,博士,研究员。

    聂欣 1983年生,博士,研究员。

    李锐 1976年生,博士,高级工程师。

    陈雷 1988年生,博士,助理研究员。

    崔轶伦 1997年生,硕士,助理工程师。

Current Status and Development Trends of Satellite Navigation System Integrity Technology
Jun XIE1, Changjiang GENG2, Xin NIE1, Rui LI3, Lei CHEN4, Yilun CUI2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Beijing 100094, China
  • 2.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China
  • 3.Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • 4.Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China
出版时间: 2025-09-15 doi: 10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001
文章导航
收藏切换

本文基于卫星导航系统应用的广泛性和重要性,瞄准下一代北斗卫星导航系统对精准可靠的要求,从卫星导航系统的基本完好性、星基增强系统的完好性、高级接收机的自主完好性监测和精密单点定位的完好性等四个方面研究了当前完好性技术的发展现状,并比较了各自的技术难点,最后分析了后续完好性技术的发展趋势。本文的论述对于下一代北斗卫星导航系统完好性的体制设计与建设具有重要意义。

下一代北斗卫星导航系统  /  完好性  /  星基增强系统  /  高级接收机自主完好性监测  /  精密单点定位

Considering the wide application and critical importance of satellite navigation systems, aiming at the requirements for precision and reliability of the next-generation BeiDou satellite navigation system, this study investigates the current development status of integrity technology from four dimensions: basic integrity of satellite navigation systems, integrity of satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS), advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (ARAIM), and precise point positioning (PPP)integrity, and compares the technical difficulties of each. Finally, it explores the development trends of future integrity technologies. This study is significant for the design and construction of the integrity system of the next-generation BeiDou satellite navigation system.

Next Generation BDS  /  Integrity  /  SBAS  /  ARAIM  /  PPP
谢军, 耿长江, 聂欣, 李锐, 陈雷, 崔轶伦. 卫星导航系统完好性技术现状与发展趋势. 遥测遥控, 2025 , 46 (5) : 1 -9 . DOI: 10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001
Jun XIE, Changjiang GENG, Xin NIE, Rui LI, Lei CHEN, Yilun CUI. Current Status and Development Trends of Satellite Navigation System Integrity Technology[J]. Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command, 2025 , 46 (5) : 1 -9 . DOI: 10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001
自上个世纪九十年代以来,凭借全天时、全天候、高精度的技术优势,首个全球卫星导航系统提供的导航、定位、授时服务,在全球范围得到了广泛应用并深刻影响了人们的生活[1]。卫星导航系统的性能可以用精度、可用性、连续性和完好性等指标来描述,以航空用户为代表的生命安全相关用户更加关注完好性方面的性能。只有完好性得到保障,用户才能确认自己获取的导航定位结果是在一定精度范围之内的,没有被错误定位结果所误导[24]
导航完好性概念最初源于航空领域。按照国际民航的定义,完好性是对系统提供的信息正确性的可信程度的描述,包含了系统向用户发出及时有效告警的能力[3]。对于卫星导航系统而言,完好性是指系统在不满足指定的精度要求时及时发出告警的能力[4]。这一定义明确指出了完好性中包含有3个关键参数:告警门限、告警时间和风险概率。完好性最终能得以实现还依赖于用户端计算得到的保护等级,从而判定当前的卫星导航性能是否满足特定应用的需求[57]。完好性通过导航电文为用户提供系统可靠性的实时告警。全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)卫星自身健康状态播报的时效性可能无法满足快速故障响应的实时应用需求,因此后续发展出两类完好性监测方法:基于冗余观测自洽性校验的自主式完好性监测,以及依托增强网络的完好性增强技术。
按照不同使用场景和实现方式,卫星导航系统完好性技术包括系统基本完好性、用户接收机自主完好性监测(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring,RAIM)、星基增强系统(Satellite Based Augmentation System,SBAS)完好性、地基增强系统(Ground Based Augmentation System,GBAS)完好性、高级接收机自主完好性监测(Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring,ARAIM)和高精度服务完好性[8,9]方面的技术。我国北斗卫星导航系统根据卫星导航技术的发展趋势和不同用户的需求,除保障基本导航服务外,还提供SBAS和精密单点定位(Precise Point Positioning,PPP)等服务[1012]
本文从完善下一代北斗卫星导航系统完好性技术体制的角度出发,研究分析了卫星导航系统完好性技术在基本完好性、SBAS完好性、ARAIM和PPP完好性等四个方向的发展现状,并提出了后续发展建议。
卫星导航系统基本完好性是综合利用地面跟踪网、星间链路和星上自主完好性监测的方式进行卫星导航信号的状态监测,并在导航电文中播发完好性的相关参数。一旦发现信号出现异常情况,系统及时将完好性参数置为“不可用”,从而实现告警[13]。地面跟踪网可以在可视范围内全面监测空间信号精度以及导航信号质量层面的参数,星间链路可以及时监测卫星之间的时间同步信息,星上自主完好性可以实现导航信号和卫星钟的监测。导航信号异常主要包括功率跳变、伪距跳变、相关峰畸变及码载波偏离等,卫星钟异常包括卫星钟频率异常和卫星钟相位异常[4,13]
对于我国北斗系统而言,B1I/B3I/B2b信号电文通过用户测距精度(User Ranging Accuracy,URA)参数来描述空间信号精度,用SatH1来标识导航信号是否可用,B1C信号则采用空间信号精度(Signal-In-Space Accuracy,SISA)、卫星健康标识(Satellite Health Status,SHS)、精度完好标识(Accuracy Integrity Flag,AIF)、数据完好标识(Data Integrity Flag,DIF)以及信号完好标识(Signal Integrity Flag,SIF)来共同确定导航信号是否可用[14-16],美国的GPS、欧盟的Galileo和俄罗斯的GLONASS系统与此类似[1719]。四大卫星导航系统基本完好性参数见表1
有关完好性参数的更详细的定义可以参考各卫星导航系统的服务性能规范[2022]。根据这一技术体制,各系统的服务性能规范/国际民航公约中承诺的完好性指标见表2[3,2022]
总体来看,除Galileo外,其他系统虽在告警时间上存在差异,但系统完好性风险概率均在1.0×10-5水平。用户要计算得到保护等级可以采用接收机自主完好性监测(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring, RAIM)算法。该算法可以实现对异常信号的探测与剔除(可见卫星数足够的情况下),并基于空间精度因子等信息计算得到用户的保护等级[23-24],但由于定位精度和完好性能力有限,目前RAIM技术主要用于航路导航等应用,不具备民航领域垂直导航能力。
SBAS利用更加密集的地面监测网对导航卫星的信号进行监测,并生成广播轨道、钟差和电离层延迟的改正数以及完好性信息,通过静止地球轨道(Geostationary Earth Orbit,GEO)卫星播发给用户,实现对卫星导航系统基本导航服务精度和完好性两个方面的提升。
按照国际民航标准,当前广泛应用的单频SBAS技术中,卫星导航系统通过电文类型2-6、24中的用户差分距离误差索引(User Differential Range Error Indicator,UDREI)参数进行完好性告警,用播发电文类型0的方式提示系统服务不可用,电文类型7、10、28等中的参数可以用于计算经SBAS电文改正后的各类误差,支持用户保护等级的计算[25-26]
其中,HPL和VPL分别是水平和垂直保护等级,KH,PAKV为常数,,deast,dnorth,dEN,dU分别是包络东方向、北方向、东北方向和垂直方向误差的标准差,被包络的误差包括星基增强系统改正数的误差、对流层延迟误差和接收机噪声、多路径等误差。改正数误差由系统播发相关参数,其他误差通过经验模型计算得到。
目前,全球范围已经建成多个星基增强系统服务于民航行业。美国广域增强系统(Wide Area Augmentation System,WAAS)于2003年7月正式提供服务,至2014年已经具备LPV-200(Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance,LPV,具有垂直引导的局域增强性能)服务能力[2729]。LPV-200完好性指标要求见表3
欧洲地球静止导航重叠服务(European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service,EGNOS)紧随其后,于2009年正式提供服务,2015年也实现LPV-200服务能力[3032]。随后日本、印度等国家也相继建成星基增强系统并提供服务[33-34]。我国北斗系统于2020年开始播发SBAS测试信号。需求提及的是,当前各系统正式提供的服务均为单频SBAS服务,即通过L1/E1/B1频率(1 575.4 MHz)播发增强信号,增强信息中包含了电离层延迟信息,且只支持GPS和GLONASS两个系统。
为进一步提升SBAS的能力,充分利用现代化卫星导航系统多频多星座的优势,国际民航组织在过去几年积极推进双频多星座SBAS技术,2023年正式通过双频多星座SBAS服务的相关标准。双频多星座SBAS用户使用双频数据进行定位和保护等级解算,电离层延迟这一误差源被极大削弱,相应的用户精度和完好性指标均有进一步提升[35-36],美欧等国家和地区均已明确双频多星座服务的时间线,而北斗系统等新的SBAS已经开始播发双频多星座信号(通过BDSBAS-B1C和BDSBAS-B2a信号)。
为减少对地面基础设施的依赖,实现全球范围的飞机垂直导航的能力,美国联邦航空管理局于2008年成立了GPS演进架构研究工作组,开展了全球范围LPV-200航空导航服务关键技术的研究工作,其中一个方案就是高级接收机自主完好性监测(ARAIM)[3739]。此后美欧联合工作组持续在此方向开展分析验证工作,并陆续发布三份报告,形成了ARAIM技术的基本框架[4042]
ARAIM的实现方式介于RAIM和SBAS完好性之间,即需要卫星导航服务端播发完好性支持信息(这些信息可以是实时或非实时的统计结果),又依赖用户端对导航系统的异常探测与剔除工作[43]
完好性支持信息作为ARAIM的重要输入信息反映了星座标称误差和故障概率,通常包含用户测距误差(URE)、用户测距误差的包络(URA)、最大标称偏差(bnorm)、单星故障概率(Psat)、星座故障概率(Pconst)等参数[43]。目前,各系统主管部门向国际民航组织提交的ARAIM参数见表4
用户端算法一般推荐使用多假设分组解算法,实现对卫星导航系统的异常探测与剔除,并计算得到保护等级。ARAIM保护等级的计算方法如公式(3)、公式(4)、公式(5)所示[43,44]
其中,Q-1为标准正态累积分布函数的逆函数,代表全集和第k个子集在不同方向上的定位标准差,k个子集在不同方向的标称偏差,Tk,1/2/3表示第k子集不同方向解分离阈值统计量,Nfault_modes为故障子集数量,pfault,k表示第k个子集的故障概率,PHMIVERT是垂直方向分配的完好性风险。q=1,2,分别表示东方向和北方向,最终HPL由两个方向上的HPL决定。PHMIHOR是水平方向的完好性风险。
2021年,国际民航组织成立了ARAIM工作组,并开展了有关完好性支持信息的分析工作,包括北斗系统在内的国际四大卫星导航系统的主管部门正在致力于形成ARAIM技术的国际民航标准。在航空导航领域,自2005年以来,累积分布函数包络方法已被广泛应用于推导快照式最小二乘GPS导航的完好性风险上界[4548]。德国宇航中心的Perea等人采用折叠累计密度函数(Fold Cumulative Density Functions,Fold CDF)的方法对GPS和Galileo的空间信号测距误差进行了包络[49]。斯坦福大学的Todd Walter等人推荐了计算完好性支持信息的标准算法,建议利用1-CDF的方法对空间信号测距误差进行包络[50]。上海交通大学王士壮等人利用超过四年的北斗二号和北斗三号数据,利用Fold CDF对空间信号测距误差进行包络,获得URA为1.0 m条件下Psat在4×10-5左右的结果[51]。欧空局Wallnar等人利用1-CDF的方法分析了Galileo空间信号测距误差,得到URA为6.0 m条件下Psat在3×10-5水平的结果[52]。现有CDF包络方法未考虑模型随时间的不确定性,这一局限也推动了新技术的发展。针对球对称随机过程驱动的线性系统,Rife与Gebre-Egziabher、Pulford从理论上构建了其完好性风险上界[53,54]。Langel等[55]则进一步推导了卡尔曼滤波的完好性风险边界,适用于测量噪声与过程噪声服从高斯分布、但自相关函数未知却可上下界包络的场景。
精密单点定位技术(PPP)由于其定位精度高、单站即可定位等特点,在海洋勘探、精准农业、自动驾驶等领域展示了良好的应用前景。在自动驾驶等与生命安全有关的应用领域里,也对精密单点定位的完好性提出了需求[56]。现有的PPP服务系统完好性参数见表5
但现有公开的和商业化的PPP服务提供的完好性能力还较为有限[61],北斗、IGS等PPP服务只播发了类似基本导航完好性中表征空间信号精度的参数。Trimble公司的实时定位服务(Real Time eXtended,RTX)相对完整地实现了完好性监测的能力。通过在播发前的电文检核和地面独立测站的定位残差分析,实现对服务异常的告警[62]。从技术体制上讲,PPP完好性可以借鉴SBAS或ARAIM的方式来实现,相对于民航要求的完好性技术而言,PPP完好性技术存在两点差异:一是PPP使用载波相位观测值,载波相位测量受到模糊度和周跳的影响,因此需要考虑这些因素相关的故障模式;二是PPP使用卡尔曼滤波的参数估计方法,涉及带有过程噪声的动态模型,而SBAS和ARAIM伪距定位则使用历元定位算法[61]。相对SBAS的完好性技术体制,ARAIM的方法对系统端播发完好性参数的依赖性更低,所以除Trimble公司外,当前国际上PPP完好性实现的主要思路倾向于借鉴ARAIM的方法。该方法在服务端提供完好性支持信息,用户利用制定算法实现故障信号的探测与剔除,并计算得到保护等级[63]。在服务端完好性支持信息层面,已有学者开展了伽利略高精度服务(High Accuracy Service,HAS)改正数误差特性的分析研究工作[64],国内部分学者基于类似ARAIM的方法开展了系统性的测试,初步验证了PPP服务系统的完好性技术体制[56]
在卫星导航系统基本完好性方面,随着系统完好性能力的研究与建设,各卫星导航系统播发的完好性电文参数更加丰富,新设计的电文参数充分考虑卫星轨道和钟差各自的特性,信息表达能力更强。卫星自主完好性监测和基于星间链路的监测技术不断发展,基本完好性监测将从大量依赖地面监测向融合地面、卫星自主和星间链路监测数据实现自动化、智能化监测的方向发展,告警时延进一步减小,随着各系统技术的提升与改进,当前处于1×10-4到1×10-5量级的卫星导航系统基本完好性风险概率有望进一步降低。
在星基增强完好性方面,中国、澳大利亚等国家已完成SBAS建设,全球多个国家的SBAS建设工作也陆续启动,在其他完好性技术得到大规模应用以前,SBAS技术仍然是综合卫星导航系统使用的经济与技术可行性最为成功的解决方案之一。同时,随着现有的各大系统SBAS逐步开展DFMC服务测试,可以预见,在未来几年,SBAS能力将进一步提升,有望实现CAT-I类精密进近服务。
在高级接收机自主完好性监测方面,现有的测试结果证明了ARAIM技术具备巨大的潜力,相对于SBAS而言,ARAIM技术成本更低,多卫星导航星座支持下导航能力覆盖范围更广。后续,国际民航组织相关标准的制定工作将进一步明确完好性支持信息(Integrity Support Message,ISM)参数以何种方式提供等关键问题。ARAIM的性能跟卫星导航系统基本服务性能是密切相关的,各卫星导航系统基本服务性能尤其是精度和完好性的提升,将支持ARAIM全球可用性的提升。
在PPP完好性方面,PPP服务的完好性技术路线尚未有定论,还有许多问题亟待解决。用户服务端的完好性参数目前只有初步的评估工作,用户端的PPP完好性监测算法也比较初级,模型和方法上还没有被广泛接受。PPP完好性技术的发展仍需要针对更多故障模式、误差特性和应用需求的研究。如何在降低漏警率的同时降低保护等级的数值,从而保证高精度应用的可用性,是PPP完好性技术面临的另一个挑战。
在上述已研究和应用的完好性技术的基础上,值得注意的是,低轨导航星座的发展为导航系统完好性技术的发展提供了新的思路,数量众多的低轨卫星具备对中高轨导航卫星多重跟踪能力,从而有利于实现全球范围的更高等级的完好性监测,同时利用低轨卫星更强的通信能力,可以方便的播发改正数及完好性参数,在这种条件下,尽管需要解决的具体问题还有很多,基于大规模的低轨星座实现一个覆盖全球的SBAS系统理论上是可行的。
当然,无论卫星导航系统完好性技术如何发展,只能解决卫星导航系统可用条件下的导航、定位、授时问题,而现在面临如城市市区等复杂环境,需考虑包含如多径、周跳甚至遮挡等更多类型风险源和完好性应用场景如自动驾驶的完好性需求不明确等问题,限制了卫星导航技术的广泛应用,也意味着单一的卫星导航模式无法完全保障此类生命安全应用。在当前全球大力发展PNT(定位导航授时)体系的背景下,一个融合了多类导航手段(如惯导、视觉、陆基导航等)的用户终端如何保障其获得定位、测速、授时信息安全可靠,有赖于一些新的技术体系的发展,研究多源组合导航系统的完好性问题也将更具挑战。
随着国家综合PNT体系建设和下一代北斗卫星导航系统的推进,以卫星导航技术为代表的PNT技术将进一步深入应用到社会生活的各个领域,在精度、可用性、连续性之外,完好性的需求将进一步受到重视。融合基本导航、星基增强和精密单点定位服务的下一代北斗系统将基于空间段、地面段能力的提升,尤其是低轨星座带来的潜力,全方位提升自身完好性水平,提升现有用户群体的体验,满足更多新兴用户群体的需求。
  • 中国航天科技集团有限公司青年拔尖人才基金(未来卫星导航服务高精度高完好关键技术研究)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
HEIN G W. Status, perspectives and trends of satellite navigation[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2020, 1(1): 22.
[2]
ESPER M, CHAO E L, WOLF C F. 2019 federal radionavigation plan[R]. Washington: United States Dept. of Defense, 2020.
[3]
ICAO SARPS. Annex 10: International standards and recommended practices, aeronautical telecommunications[S]//Radio Navigation Aids. Montreal: International Civil Aviation Organization, 2023.
[4]
LANGLEY RECHARD B. The integrity of GPS[J]. GPS World, 1999, 10(3): 60-63
[5]
KAPLAN E D. Understanding GPS: Principles and applications[M]. Norwood: Artech House Inc, 1996: 230-245.
[6]
PARKINSON W B, ENGE P, AXELRAD P, et al. The global positioning system theory and applications[M]. Reston: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.
[7]
陈金平. GPS完善性增强研究[D]. 郑州: 解放军信息工程大学, 2001.
[8]
ZABALEGUI P, DE Miguel G, PEREZ A, et al. A Review of the evolution of the integrity methods applied in GNSS[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 45813-45824.
[9]
ZHU N, MARAIS J, BETAILLE D, et al. GNSS position integrity in urban environments: a review of literature[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2018, 19(9): 2762-2778.
[10]
郭树人, 蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 等. 北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(7): 810-821.
GUO Shuren, CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, et al. BDS-3 RNSS technical characteristics and service performance[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2019, 48(7): 810-821.
[11]
YANG Yuanxi, MAO Yue, SUN Bijiao. Basic performance and future developments of BeiDou global navigation satellite system[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2020, 1(1): 1-8.
[12]
蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 耿长江, 等. 北斗三号全球导航卫星系统服务性能评估:定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、短报文通信与国际搜救[J]. 测绘学报,2021, 50(4): 427-435.
CAI Hongliang, MENG Yi'nan, GENG Changjiang, et al. BDS-3 performance assessment: PNT, SBAS, PPP, SMC and SAR[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(4): 427-435.
[13]
陈雷, 裴凌, 高为广, 等. 北斗三号系统卫星自主完好性监测技术[J]. 导航定位与授时, 2024(1): 1-9.
CHEN Lei, PEI Ling, GAO Weiguang, et al. Satellite autonomous integrity monitoring techniques for BDS-3 Navigation Positioning and Timing[J]. Navigation, Positioning and Timing, 2024(1): 1-9.
[14]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1I(3.0版)[EB/OL]. (2019-02-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201902/P020190227592987952674.pdf.
[15]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B1C(1.0版)[EB/OL]. (2017-12-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201712/P020171226740641381817.pdf.
[16]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件——公开服务信号B2a (1.0版)[EB/OL]. (2017-12-27)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/201712/P020171226741887035478.pdf.
[17]
TONY ANTHONY RE. Interface Specification IS-GPS-200 Revision E. Navstar GPS Space Segment/Navigation User Interfaces[EB/OL]. (2022-08-01)[2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/technical/icwg/IS-GPS-200N.pdf.
[18]
Russian Institute of Space Device Engineering. Global Navigation Sattelite System (GLONASS) interface control document[EB/OL]. (2012-01-07)[2025-01-05].https://www.unavco.org/help/glossary/docs/ICD_GLONASS_5.1_%282008%29_en.pdf.
[19]
European GNSS (Galileo) Open Service. Signal in space interface control document[EB/OL]. (2015-08-09). https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo_OS_SIS_ICD_v2.1.pdf.
[20]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统公开服务性能规范3.0版[EB/OL]. (2021-05-26)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202105/P020210526215541444683.pdf.
[21]
European Union. European GNSS (Galileo) open service definition document[EB/OL]. (2020-10-20) [2025-01-05]. https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo-OS-SDD_v1.3.pdf.
[22]
Department of Defense of United States of America. Global positioning system standard positioning service performance standard[EB/OL]. (2020-04)[2025-01-05].https://www.gps.gov/technical/ps/2020-SPS-performance-standard.pdf.
[23]
BROWN A. Baseline GPS RAIM: Scheme and a note on the equivalence of three RAIM methods[J]. Journal of The Institute of Navigation, 1992, 39(3): 301-316.
[24]
BROWN R G, CHIN G Y. GPS RAIM: Calculation of the threshold and protection radius using Chisquare methods - A geometric approach[C]// Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 1995). Manassas: ION, 1995: 1959-1964.
[25]
SC-159. Minimum operational performance standards for global positioning system/wide area-based augmentation system airborne equipment. change 1, appendix V[R]. Washington, DC: RTCA Inc., 2013.
[26]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-星基增强服务信号 BDSBAS-B1C(1.0 版)[EB/OL]. (2020-08-03)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202008/P020200803362063969518.pdf.
[27]
TODD W. WAAS MOPS: Practical examples[C]//Proceedings of the 1999 National Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation. San Diego, CA. Manassas: ION,1999: 283-293.
[28]
Federal Aviation Administration of America. Global positioning system wide area augmentation system(WAAS) performance standard[EB/OL]. (2008-10-31)[2025-01-05]. http://www.gps.gov.
[29]
WILKERSON D, BURNS J. Wide area augmentation system update[C]//International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Navigation Systems Panel (NSP) Joint Working Groups Sixth Meeting (Virtual Meeting), 2020.
[30]
European GNSS Agency. EGNOS open service (OS) service definition document[EB/OL]. (2017-10-03)[2025-01-05]. https://egnosuser-support.esspsas.eu.
[31]
European GNSS Agency. EGNOS safety of life (SOL)service definition document[EB/OL]. (2019-03-26)[2025-01-05]. https://egnosuser-support.esspsas.eu.
[32]
MABILLEAU M. EGNOS programme status [C]//EUROCAE WG62#54 Meeting (Virtual Meeting), 2020.
[33]
SBAS Interoperability Working Group IWG). Satellite-based augmentation system dualfrequency multi-constellation definition document[C]//SBAS IWG 31. Senegal: [s.n.], 2016.
[34]
邵搏, 丁群, 张键, 等. 国际星基增强系统发展现状及趋势[J]. 全球定位系统, 2024, 49(5): 3-9.
SHAO Bo, DING Qun, ZHANG Jian, et al. Development status and trend of international satellite based augmentation systems[J]. GNSS World of China, 2024, 49(5): 3-9.
[35]
MABILLEAU M, SALOS D, RODRIGUEZ C, et al. SBAS DSVP: An SBAS DFMC service volume soft-ware prototype[C]//Proceedings of the 29th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2016). Manassas: ION, 2016: 3180-3188.
[36]
MABILLEAU M, DE Sousa R, DENNIS J, et al. DFMC SBAS approach concept[C]//Proceedings of the 34th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+2021). Manassas: ION, 2021: 1122-1132.
[37]
王尔申, 杨迪, 宏晨, 等. ARAIM技术研究进展[J]. 电信科学, 2019, 35(8): 128-138.
WANG Ershen, YANG Di, HONG Chen, et al. Research progress of ARAIM technology[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2019, 35(8): 128-138.
[38]
PANEL FAA G. Gnss evolutionary architecture study: Phase I-panel report[EB/OL]. [2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/governance/advisory/meetings/2008-03/eldredge.ppt.
[39]
FAA U S. GNSS evolutionary architecture study: Phase II-panel report[EB/OL]. [2025-01-05]. https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/GEASPhaseII_Final.pdf.
[40]
WG-C, EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C, ARAIM technical subgroup: Interim report issue 1.0[EB/OL]. (2012-12-19). https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2013/working-group-c/ARAIM-report-1.0.pdf.
[41]
WG-C, EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation working group C-ARAIM technical subgroup: Milestone 2 report[EB/OL]. (2015-02-11) [2025-01-05].https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2015/working-group-c/ARAIM-milestone-2-report.pdf.
[42]
EU-US. Cooperation on satellite navigation, working group C—ARAIM technical subgroup[EB/OL]. Milestone 3 Report. (2016-02-25) [2025-01-05]. https://www.gps.gov/policy/cooperation/europe/2016/working-group-c/ARAIM-milestone-3-report.pdf.
[43]
BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P, et al. Advanced RAIM user algorithm description: Integrity support message processing, fault detection, exclusion, and protection level calculation[C]//Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2012), Nashville, TN, September 2012. Manassas: ION, 2012: 2828-2849.
[44]
JOERGER M, PERVAN B. Fault detection and exclusion using solution separation and chisquared ARAIM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2016, 52(2): 726-742.
[45]
DECLEENE B. Defining pseudorange integrity-overbounding[C]//Proceedings of the 13th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation(ION GPS 2000), Salt Lake City, UT, Manassas: ION, 2000: 1916-1924.
[46]
RIFE J, WALTER T, BLANCH J. Overbounding SBAS and GBAS error distributions with excessmass functions[C]// Proceedings of the 2004 International Symposium on GNSS/GPS, December 6-8, 2004, Sydney, Australia. Calgary: CPGPS, 2004: 1-15.
[47]
RIFE J, PULLEN S, ENGE P, et al. Paired overbounding for nonideal LAAS and WAAS error distributions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerosp. and Electronic Systems, 2006, 42(4): 1386-1395.
[48]
BLANCH J, WALTER T, ENGE P. Gaussian bounds of sample distributions for integrity analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerosp and Electronic Systems, 2019,55(4): 1806-1815.
[49]
PEREA S, MEURER M, RIPPL M, et al. URA/SISA analysis for GPS and Galileo to support ARAIM[J]. NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation,2017, 64(2): 237-254.
[50]
WALTER T, BLANCH J, GUNNING K. Standards for ARAIM ISM Data Analysis[C]//Proceedings of the ION 2019 Pacific PNT Meeting. Manassas: ION, 2019:777-784.
[51]
WANG S Z, ZHAI Y W, ZHAN X Q. Characterizing BDS signal-in-space performance from integrity perspective [J]. Navigation, 2021, 68(1): 157-183.
[52]
WALLNER S, PEREA S, ODRIOZOLA M, et al. Galileo H-ARAIM Characterization and Galileo Integrity Support Message (ISM) [C]//Proceedings of the 34th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+2021). Manassas: ION, 2021: 1375-1391.
[53]
RIFE J, GEBRE-EGZIABHER D. Symmetric over-bounding of correlated errors[J]. Navigation, 2007, 54(2): 109-124.
[54]
PULFORD G W. A proof of the spherically symmetric overbounding theorem for linear systems[J]. Navigation,2008, 55(4): 283-292.
[55]
LANGEL E S, KHANAFSEH M S, PERVAN S B. Bounding integrity risk for sequential state estimators with stochastic modeling uncertainty[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, 2014, 37(1): 36-46.
[56]
张洁, 赵琳, 杨福鑫, 等. 面向大众导航应用的精密单点定位完好性监测方法[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(13):327904-327904.
ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Lin, YANG Fuxin, et al. PPP integrity monitoring algorithm for generalpurpose navigation applications[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(13): 327904-327904.
[57]
中国卫星导航系统管理办公室. 北斗卫星导航系统空间信号接口控制文件-精密单点定位服务信号PPP-B2b (1.0 版)[EB/OL]. (2020-08-03)[2025-01-05]. http://www.beidou.gov.cn/xt/gfxz/202008/P020200803362060731204.pdf.
[58]
EUROPEAN UNION. Galileo high accuracy service signal-in-space interface control document (HAS SIS ICD)[EB/OL]. (2022-05-11). https://www.gsceuropa.eu/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/Galileo_HAS_SIS_ICD_v1.0.pdf.
[59]
Cabinet Office of Japan. Quasi-zenith satellite system interface specification centimeter level augmentation service (IS-QZSS-L6-004) [EB/OL]. (2021-07-14)[2025-01-05]. https://qzss.go.jp/en/technical/download/pdf/psis-qzss/is-qzss-l6-004.pdf.
[60]
AGROTIS L, ERIK S, WERNER E, et al. The IGS real time service[EB/OL]. (2017-02-22). https://www.igs.org
[61]
DU Y, WANG J, RIZOS C, et al. Vulnerabilities and integrity of precise point positioning for intelligent transport systems: overview and analysis[J]. Satellite Navigation, 2021, 2(1): 3.
[62]
RODRIGUEZ-SOLANO C, BRANDL M, CHEN X M,et al. Integrity real-time performance of the trimble RTX correction service[C]//Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019), Miami, Florida, September 2019. Manassas: ION, 2019: 485-507.
[63]
GUNNING K, BLANCH J, WALTER T, et al. Design and evaluation of integrity algorithms for PPP in kinematic applications[C]//Proceedings of the 31st International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018). Manassas: ION, 2018: 1910-1939.
[64]
MARTINI I, SUSI M, CUCCHI L, et al. Galileo high accuracy service performance and anomaly mitigation capabilities[J]. GPS Solutions, 2023, 28(1): 25.
2025年第46卷第5期
PDF下载
186
81
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001
  • 接收时间:2025-01-07
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2025-09-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-07
  • 修回日期:2025-02-14
基金
中国航天科技集团有限公司青年拔尖人才基金(未来卫星导航服务高精度高完好关键技术研究)
作者信息
    1中国空间技术研究院 北京 100094
    2北京遥测技术研究所 北京 100076
    3北京航空航天大学 北京 100191
    4北京跟踪与通信技术研究所 北京 100094
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ycyk/CN/10.12347/j.ycyk.20250107001
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏