Article(id=1307013381416837162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.040, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1741536000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789545873264, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1771776000000, pubDateStr=2026-02-23, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789545873264, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789545873264, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789545873264, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307013104081068276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, year='2026', volume='57', issue='2', pageStart='569', pageEnd='1176', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771776000000', pubDateStr='2026-02-23', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789545807142, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789609910854, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307281975350419753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307281975350419754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1063, endPage=1073, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307013381618163755, articleId=1307013381416837162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=EN, title=Preparation and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Membrane Surface Protein P4 of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolumpneumonia, columnId=1307007432299930010, journalTitle=Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, columnName=PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of membrane surface protein P4 from Mycoplasmacapricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) and its potential as a candidate antigen for vaccine. Preliminary laboratory work identified the membrane surface protein P4. In this study, recombinant protein was prepared using a prokaryotic expression system, after purification, the recombinant protein was emulsified with an adjuvant to prepare vaccine. Immunization and challenge experiments were conducted on goats, and the immune efficacy was evaluated based on clinical symptoms, pathological changes, serum antibodies, bacterial load in lung, and cytokines. The results showed that the rP4 protein was successfully expressed and purified, and could specifically react with the His-tag antibody, rP4 polyclonal antibody and Mccp infection antibody. Immunization with the rP4 stimulated high levels of antibody production in goat but did not alleviate clinical symptoms, with a survival rate of only 40%, the same as the PBS control group. Pathological observations indicated that both acute and chronic cases in the P4 group were more severe than those in the control group. The average bacterial load in the lungs was higher in the P4 group than that in the inactivated vaccine group and the PBS control group. Serum cytokines analysis revealed that the P4 group had upregulated IL-2 level and downregulated IL-4 level post-immunization. In conclusion, this study successfully expressed and purified rP4 and the prepared P4 protein induced antibody production in goats but failed to protect them from Mccp challenge, even exacerbating the pathogenic effects of Mccp on the goats. The findings provide a reference for the design and development of future new type vaccines for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.

, authors=Jinjia LIANG1, 2, Huafang HAO1, 2, Shengli CHEN1, 2, Rui CHEN1, 2, Mingyang LUO1, 2, Yifan ZHANG1, 2, Shimei LAN1, 2, Yuefeng CHU1, 2, authorsList=Jinjia LIANG, Huafang HAO, Shengli CHEN, Rui CHEN, Mingyang LUO, Yifan ZHANG, Shimei LAN, Yuefeng CHU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Huafang HAO, Yuefeng CHU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
HAO Huafang, E-mail:
CHU Yuefeng, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1307013386659717184, articleId=1307013381416837162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=CN, title=山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种膜表面蛋白P4的制备及免疫原性评价, columnId=1307007432459313564, journalTitle=畜牧兽医学报, columnName=预防兽医, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

旨在评估山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种(Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae,Mccp)膜表面蛋白P4的免疫原性和作为疫苗候选抗原的潜力。前期实验室筛选出Mccp的膜表面蛋白P4,本研究利用原核表达系统制备重组蛋白,纯化后与佐剂混合乳化制备疫苗,在山羊上进行免疫攻毒实验,通过临床症状、病理变化、血清抗体、肺脏载菌量、细胞因子等评价免疫效果。结果表明:成功表达纯化rP4蛋白,能够与His标签抗体、rP4多克隆抗体和Mccp感染抗体发生特异性反应;免疫动物能够刺激山羊产生高水平的抗体,但没有减轻临床症状,山羊存活率只有40%,与PBS对照组相同;病理学观察显示无论是急性还是慢性病例,P4组都要比PBS对照组更严重;肺脏载菌量高于全菌灭活组和PBS对照组;血清细胞因子结果显示P4组免疫后上调IL-2,下调IL-4水平。本研究成功表达纯化了rP4,制备疫苗免疫山羊能够诱导高水平抗体,但并不能保护山羊免受Mccp的攻毒,甚至会加重病变。研究结果为山羊传染性胸膜肺炎新型疫苗的设计研制提供了参考。

, authors=梁晋嘉1, 2, 郝华芳1, 2, 陈胜利1, 2, 陈睿1, 2, 雒明阳1, 2, 张一帆1, 2, 兰仕梅1, 2, 储岳峰1, 2, authorsList=梁晋嘉, 郝华芳, 陈胜利, 陈睿, 雒明阳, 张一帆, 兰仕梅, 储岳峰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=郝华芳, 储岳峰, authorNote=

梁晋嘉,硕士生,主要从事支原体疫苗研究,E-mail: ,Tel: 010-62815987

, correspAuthorsNote=
郝华芳,主要从事动物支原体病病原学、致病免疫机制及防控技术研究,E-mail:
储岳峰,主要从事动物支原体病、布鲁菌病和结核病防控研究,E-mail:
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language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NEGAHDARIPOUR M,NEZAFAT N,ESLAMI M,et al.Structural vaccinology considerations for in silico designing of a multi-epitope vaccine[J].Infect,Genet Evol,2018,58:96-109., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307282478440403070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU W,JIANG P,SONG T,et al.A Recombinant Chimera Vaccine Composed of LTB and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Antigens P97R1,mhp390 and P46 Elicits Cellular Immunologic Response in Mice[J].Vaccines(Basel),2023,11(8):1291., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1307282473948303446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, awardId=23ZDNA007, language=CN, fundingSource=甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDNA007), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1307282474015412311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, awardId=2024RCXM36, language=CN, fundingSource=甘肃省2024年度重点人才项目(2024RCXM36), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1307282474078326872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, awardId=CAAS-ASTIP-2021-LVRI, language=CN, fundingSource=中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-LVRI), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1307282465320621055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282465324815360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, companyId=1307282465320621055, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,College of Veterinary Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282465345785856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, companyId=1307282465320621055, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所 兰州大学动物医学与生物安全学院 动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,兰州 730000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1307282465429671937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282465442254850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, companyId=1307282465429671937, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology,Lanzhou 730046,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282465454837763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, companyId=1307282465429671937, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.甘肃省病原生物学基础学科研究中心,兰州 730046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1307282470387339328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The purification results of recombinant protein rP4

M. Protein molecular weight Marker; 1: Lysis buffer; 2-5. 20, 40, 60, 80 mmol·L-1 Imidazole Wash buffer; 6-9. 100, 200, 300, 1 000 mmol·L-1 Imidazole Elution buffer

, figureFileSmall=YHoO9ZXvPwQTjN/xZi1vgg==, figureFileBig=QMWo52HGlUR1vS/OXE9BkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470458642497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图1, caption=重组蛋白rP4的纯化结果

M. 蛋白分子质量标准;1.流穿液;2~5:20、40、60、80 mmol·L-1咪唑洗涤液;6~9.100、200、300、1 000 mmol·L-1咪唑洗脱液

, figureFileSmall=YHoO9ZXvPwQTjN/xZi1vgg==, figureFileBig=QMWo52HGlUR1vS/OXE9BkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470567694402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The results of the Western blot analysis of the recombinant protein rP4

a. rP4 protein reaction with His-tag antibody; b. rP4 protein reaction with Mccp infection serum; c. rP4 protein reaction with anti-rP4 polyclonal antibody

, figureFileSmall=1SET38nsKhNe6XEhwBRm4Q==, figureFileBig=Lh7ajGzH4Qo5Hi+NTVs4Lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470638997571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图2, caption=重组蛋白rP4的Western blot分析结果

a. rP4蛋白与His标签抗体的反应;b. rP4蛋白和Mccp感染血清的反应;c. rP4蛋白与rP4多克隆抗体的反应

, figureFileSmall=1SET38nsKhNe6XEhwBRm4Q==, figureFileBig=Lh7ajGzH4Qo5Hi+NTVs4Lg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470706106436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Clinical symptom monitoring

a-c. The mean rectal temperature and the number of goat coughs recorded throughout the observation period; d-f. Weekly body weight changes were measured at 0dpi as a baseline

, figureFileSmall=EeEYE7u7L4wo8VQsrIN6Og==, figureFileBig=fuQQeBComJRJ2n1FahsuiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470789992517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图3, caption=动物临床症状监测

a~c.平均直肠温度与整个观察期间的山羊咳嗽数量;d~f.以0 dpi作为基线测量每周体重变化

, figureFileSmall=EeEYE7u7L4wo8VQsrIN6Og==, figureFileBig=fuQQeBComJRJ2n1FahsuiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470848712774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Survival rate of goats, figureFileSmall=6bU/bQkcj9+HHzxfgwSceg==, figureFileBig=uU5MHuBHkCGcI1LwTx+zMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282470924210247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图4, caption=山羊的存活率, figureFileSmall=6bU/bQkcj9+HHzxfgwSceg==, figureFileBig=uU5MHuBHkCGcI1LwTx+zMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282472627097672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Pathological observation of experimental animals

a-f. Gross images of pulmonary lesions, where a, c, and e are chronic cases, b, d, and f are acute cases; g-l. Corresponding histopathological images of lung tissue (100×)

, figureFileSmall=5caryGIq/ODKnIE3cwAA/Q==, figureFileBig=X87G657MaCrrAjqa4g42xA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282472715178057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图5, caption=动物病理学观察

a~f.肺部大体病变图像,其中a、c和e为慢性病例,b、d和f为急性病例;g~l.相应的肺部组织病理学图像(100×)

, figureFileSmall=5caryGIq/ODKnIE3cwAA/Q==, figureFileBig=X87G657MaCrrAjqa4g42xA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282472790675530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Pathological scoring, figureFileSmall=yPmt0fqMIOXJbEqk2HYewg==, figureFileBig=q2J0ip0cfTAu1CCdgoSeoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282472878755915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图6, caption=病理评分, figureFileSmall=yPmt0fqMIOXJbEqk2HYewg==, figureFileBig=q2J0ip0cfTAu1CCdgoSeoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282472941670476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Evaluation of the levels of specific antibodies in sera

a-c. Serum levels of antibodies against Mccp; d. Serum IgG antibody levels of P4 protein group

, figureFileSmall=Wkd0FZSkn+N6z1aF7JPVxg==, figureFileBig=A8cStT7bqmKtCUr2JMVG3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473004585037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图7, caption=动物血清中特异性抗体水平检测

a~c.血清Mccp抗体水平;d.P4蛋白组血清rP4抗体水平

, figureFileSmall=Wkd0FZSkn+N6z1aF7JPVxg==, figureFileBig=A8cStT7bqmKtCUr2JMVG3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473063305294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Lung bacterial load, figureFileSmall=6km8SXAnC07MI3jWYNVOTw==, figureFileBig=UYAfjH3Pv12d1w2mpzgvsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473256243279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图8, caption=肺部载菌量, figureFileSmall=6km8SXAnC07MI3jWYNVOTw==, figureFileBig=UYAfjH3Pv12d1w2mpzgvsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473327546448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Evaluation of the levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines of the sera of immunized animals

a. IL-2 cytokine levels; b.IL-4 cytokine levels; c. IL-10 cytokine levels。*.P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=RQtCNJZuVBLhYs1e6NOVqg==, figureFileBig=35fYWn/dslT4608rtAb7Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473390461009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=图9, caption=免疫后血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、IL-10水平检测

a. IL-2细胞因子水平;b. IL-4细胞因子水平;c. IL-10细胞因子水平。*.P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=RQtCNJZuVBLhYs1e6NOVqg==, figureFileBig=35fYWn/dslT4608rtAb7Ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282473465958482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The criteria for gross lesion and histopathological lesion scoring of experimental animals

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

病变类型

Type of lesion

分值 Score
0123

肺组织损伤

Pulmonary tissue damage

无明显变化尖叶出现肝变或者干酪样病变尖叶和心叶,有时蔓延至副叶出现肝变或干酪样病变肝变大范围出现,蔓延至膈叶

肺脏颜色

Pulmonary color

粉红苍白暗红暗红且有出血斑

肺组织与胸腔黏连

Adhesion of pulmonary tissue to the pleural cavity

无轻微黏连大范围黏连-

胸腔积液

Pleural effusion

无较少适中较多

组织病理学变化

Histopathological changes

肺泡壁由单层肺泡细胞组成多灶性肺泡壁增厚、多灶性实质化、肺泡充满纤维素蛋白肺泡结构消失、可见大量坏死细胞、大范围实质化肺泡壁毛细血管及间质血管充血

感染后存活时间(dpi)

Survival time after infection (dpi)

剖杀前未死亡 (30dpi)21 dpi<存活时间<30 dpi14 dpi<存活时间≤21 dpi存活时间≤14 dpi
), ArticleFig(id=1307282473541455955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试验动物的大体病变和组织病变评分标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

病变类型

Type of lesion

分值 Score
0123

肺组织损伤

Pulmonary tissue damage

无明显变化尖叶出现肝变或者干酪样病变尖叶和心叶,有时蔓延至副叶出现肝变或干酪样病变肝变大范围出现,蔓延至膈叶

肺脏颜色

Pulmonary color

粉红苍白暗红暗红且有出血斑

肺组织与胸腔黏连

Adhesion of pulmonary tissue to the pleural cavity

无轻微黏连大范围黏连-

胸腔积液

Pleural effusion

无较少适中较多

组织病理学变化

Histopathological changes

肺泡壁由单层肺泡细胞组成多灶性肺泡壁增厚、多灶性实质化、肺泡充满纤维素蛋白肺泡结构消失、可见大量坏死细胞、大范围实质化肺泡壁毛细血管及间质血管充血

感染后存活时间(dpi)

Survival time after infection (dpi)

剖杀前未死亡 (30dpi)21 dpi<存活时间<30 dpi14 dpi<存活时间≤21 dpi存活时间≤14 dpi
), ArticleFig(id=1307282473637924948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Results of pulmonary pathogen isolation and pleural Mccp tiration

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

组别

Group

编号

No.

病料是否分离出Mccp

Is Mccp isolated from the diseased material

胸水中Mccp滴度/(CCU·mL-1)

Mccp titer in pleural liquid

P4蛋白组

P4 protein group

336+6.15×106
365--
371--
389--
391-1.925×107

全菌灭活组

Inactivated bacteria group

354--
363--
369--
374+-
403-1.775×104

PBS对照组

PBS control group

339--
361-4.91×107
373--
396-1.925×105
6344--
), ArticleFig(id=1307282473726005333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013381416837162, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

肺部病原分离结果和胸水Mccp滴度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

组别

Group

编号

No.

病料是否分离出Mccp

Is Mccp isolated from the diseased material

胸水中Mccp滴度/(CCU·mL-1)

Mccp titer in pleural liquid

P4蛋白组

P4 protein group

336+6.15×106
365--
371--
389--
391-1.925×107

全菌灭活组

Inactivated bacteria group

354--
363--
369--
374+-
403-1.775×104

PBS对照组

PBS control group

339--
361-4.91×107
373--
396-1.925×105
6344--
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山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种膜表面蛋白P4的制备及免疫原性评价
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梁晋嘉 1, 2 , 郝华芳 1, 2 , 陈胜利 1, 2 , 陈睿 1, 2 , 雒明阳 1, 2 , 张一帆 1, 2 , 兰仕梅 1, 2 , 储岳峰 1, 2
畜牧兽医学报 | 预防兽医 2026,57(2): 1063-1073
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畜牧兽医学报 |预防兽医 2026 , 57 (2) : 1063 -1073
山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种膜表面蛋白P4的制备及免疫原性评价
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梁晋嘉1, 2 , 郝华芳1, 2 , 陈胜利1, 2, 陈睿1, 2, 雒明阳1, 2, 张一帆1, 2, 兰仕梅1, 2, 储岳峰1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所 兰州大学动物医学与生物安全学院 动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,兰州 730000
  • 2.甘肃省病原生物学基础学科研究中心,兰州 730046
通讯作者:
郝华芳,主要从事动物支原体病病原学、致病免疫机制及防控技术研究,E-mail:
储岳峰,主要从事动物支原体病、布鲁菌病和结核病防控研究,E-mail:
作者简介:

梁晋嘉,硕士生,主要从事支原体疫苗研究,E-mail: ,Tel: 010-62815987

Preparation and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Membrane Surface Protein P4 of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolumpneumonia
Jinjia LIANG1, 2 , Huafang HAO1, 2 , Shengli CHEN1, 2, Rui CHEN1, 2, Mingyang LUO1, 2, Yifan ZHANG1, 2, Shimei LAN1, 2, Yuefeng CHU1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,College of Veterinary Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • 2.Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology,Lanzhou 730046,China
  • Corresponding Author:
    HAO Huafang, E-mail:
    CHU Yuefeng, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-02-23 doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.040
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旨在评估山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种(Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae,Mccp)膜表面蛋白P4的免疫原性和作为疫苗候选抗原的潜力。前期实验室筛选出Mccp的膜表面蛋白P4,本研究利用原核表达系统制备重组蛋白,纯化后与佐剂混合乳化制备疫苗,在山羊上进行免疫攻毒实验,通过临床症状、病理变化、血清抗体、肺脏载菌量、细胞因子等评价免疫效果。结果表明:成功表达纯化rP4蛋白,能够与His标签抗体、rP4多克隆抗体和Mccp感染抗体发生特异性反应;免疫动物能够刺激山羊产生高水平的抗体,但没有减轻临床症状,山羊存活率只有40%,与PBS对照组相同;病理学观察显示无论是急性还是慢性病例,P4组都要比PBS对照组更严重;肺脏载菌量高于全菌灭活组和PBS对照组;血清细胞因子结果显示P4组免疫后上调IL-2,下调IL-4水平。本研究成功表达纯化了rP4,制备疫苗免疫山羊能够诱导高水平抗体,但并不能保护山羊免受Mccp的攻毒,甚至会加重病变。研究结果为山羊传染性胸膜肺炎新型疫苗的设计研制提供了参考。

山羊传染性胸膜肺炎  /  山羊  /  疫苗  /  免疫保护评价  /  细胞因子

This study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of membrane surface protein P4 from Mycoplasmacapricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) and its potential as a candidate antigen for vaccine. Preliminary laboratory work identified the membrane surface protein P4. In this study, recombinant protein was prepared using a prokaryotic expression system, after purification, the recombinant protein was emulsified with an adjuvant to prepare vaccine. Immunization and challenge experiments were conducted on goats, and the immune efficacy was evaluated based on clinical symptoms, pathological changes, serum antibodies, bacterial load in lung, and cytokines. The results showed that the rP4 protein was successfully expressed and purified, and could specifically react with the His-tag antibody, rP4 polyclonal antibody and Mccp infection antibody. Immunization with the rP4 stimulated high levels of antibody production in goat but did not alleviate clinical symptoms, with a survival rate of only 40%, the same as the PBS control group. Pathological observations indicated that both acute and chronic cases in the P4 group were more severe than those in the control group. The average bacterial load in the lungs was higher in the P4 group than that in the inactivated vaccine group and the PBS control group. Serum cytokines analysis revealed that the P4 group had upregulated IL-2 level and downregulated IL-4 level post-immunization. In conclusion, this study successfully expressed and purified rP4 and the prepared P4 protein induced antibody production in goats but failed to protect them from Mccp challenge, even exacerbating the pathogenic effects of Mccp on the goats. The findings provide a reference for the design and development of future new type vaccines for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia  /  goat  /  vaccine  /  immune protection evaluation  /  cytokine
梁晋嘉, 郝华芳, 陈胜利, 陈睿, 雒明阳, 张一帆, 兰仕梅, 储岳峰. 山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种膜表面蛋白P4的制备及免疫原性评价. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026 , 57 (2) : 1063 -1073 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.040
Jinjia LIANG, Huafang HAO, Shengli CHEN, Rui CHEN, Mingyang LUO, Yifan ZHANG, Shimei LAN, Yuefeng CHU. Preparation and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Membrane Surface Protein P4 of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolumpneumonia[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026 , 57 (2) : 1063 -1073 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.040
山羊传染性胸膜肺炎(Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia,CCPP)是由山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种(Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae,Mccp)引起的高度接触性传染病[1],诱发山羊、绵羊[2]的呼吸道症状可演变为致命性急性或慢性胸膜肺炎,急性型疾病的特点是单侧纤维性胸膜肺炎伴严重胸腔积液[3]。世界动物卫生组织(World Orgnization of Animal Health,WOAH)将CCPP列为法定报告动物传染病之一,在我国被列为二类传染病。尤其近年来,CCPP在我国的报道逐渐增多,流行范围逐渐扩大,并有越来越多的证据显示,野生反刍动物如野生山羊、瞪羚、藏羚羊、阿拉伯大羚羊能被感染[4]。目前该病的防控产品主要有组织灭活疫苗和菌体灭活疫苗[5⁃6]。长期以来,虽然灭活疫苗在疾病防控中起了很大的作用,但由于Mccp的菌体生长缓慢、活菌滴度较低、需要在培养基中添加大量的马血清等成分,这导致CCPP疫苗的生产成本很高[7],且组织灭活苗生产存在抗原制备工艺复杂、生物安全风险等问题,严重限制了CCPP疫苗的大量生产和推广应用,目前迫切需要改进现有疫苗。
支原体对宿主动物致病首先开始于对机体细胞的定殖,支原体没有细胞壁,通过不同的膜结构或膜蛋白黏附在表层细胞上[8],此后激活免疫系统并刺激炎症和氧化级联反应引起广泛的浆液性炎症和液体渗出[9]。支原体细胞膜上的脂蛋白、半乳聚糖、多糖是主要抗原[10],也是毒力因子。病原体的毒力因子是其致病的关键因素,同时也是新型疫苗的重要靶标。本实验室团队在基因组学和免疫蛋白组学等分析基础上,结合生物信息学分析对Mccp全基因组进行系统分析,结果筛选出一种潜在的疫苗靶标P4蛋白。本研究拟对其进行蛋白表达纯化,并免疫山羊进行免疫原性分析,通过对存活率、临床症状、剖检变化、组织病理、抗体水平、载菌量、细胞因子等指标进行分析,以评价其免疫保护效果及机体的免疫反应,为CCPP新型疫苗设计和研制提供试验数据支持。
选取15只3~4月龄、体重在15 kg左右的健康山羊,无Mccp和布鲁氏菌感染,无CCPP疫苗免疫史,购自甘肃某羊场。
Mccp M1801菌株由中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所分离保存。P4蛋白是PDxFFG protein(Genbank:WP_019269141),重组质粒pET-30a-P4由本实验室构建和保存。
大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞、Premix Ex TaqTM(Probe qPCR)均购自TaKaRa公司;异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)、硫酸卡那霉素均购自索莱宝生物公司;SDS-PAGE凝胶配置试剂盒、BCA定量试剂盒、HRP标记山羊抗小鼠IgG(H+L)购自上海碧云天生物技术有限公司;His-Tag抗鼠单克隆抗体购自proteintech公司;高亲和力镍充填树脂填料购自南京金斯瑞生物有限公司;三色预染蛋白Marker购自SMOBIO公司;PPLO肉汤购自美国BD-Pharmingen公司;马血清购自Gibco公司;丙酮酸钠购自上海源叶生物科技有限公司;兔抗山羊HRP-IgG购自Sigma-Aldrich公司;组织基因组DNA提取试剂盒购自天根生化科技(北京)有限公司;细胞因子试剂盒购自武汉菲恩生物科技有限公司;山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒购自兰州兽研生物科技有限公司。
主要仪器:SCIENTZ-950E超声波细胞粉碎机(宁波新芝生物科技有限公司);实时荧光定量PCR仪(BIO-RAD公司);全波长多功能微孔板检测仪/酶标仪(TECAN公司)。
将重组质粒pET-30a-P4转入感受态细胞BL21(DE3)中,涂布于卡那霉素抗性LB固体培养基上,37 ℃静置过夜培养。挑取单菌落转接至LB液体培养基中(含100 μg·mL-1卡那霉素),37 ℃摇床培养12 h,后按1∶100转接至100 mL新鲜LB培养基,37 ℃震荡培养至OD600 nm为0.6左右加入终浓度为0.05 mmol·L-1 IPTG,16 ℃下诱导16 h。收集菌体,用含有10 mmol·L-1咪唑的裂解液进行重悬,超声破碎后,12 000 r·min-1离心20 min收集上清,与镍柱结合后用不同浓度的咪唑洗涤液进行纯化。通过SDS-PAGE分析,选择纯度和浓度高的洗脱液进行透析去除咪唑,BCA测定蛋白浓度,-80 ℃保存备用。
将纯化的蛋白rP4在SDS-PAGE电泳后转印至PVDF膜,PVDF膜在5%的BSA中室温封闭2 h,分别以抗His标签的鼠单克隆抗体、抗rP4多克隆抗体以及山羊感染Mccp后的血清作为一抗(稀释比均为1∶20 000),在室温孵育1 h。洗膜后,以抗His标签的鼠单克隆抗体作为一抗的,加入HPR标记的山羊抗小鼠IgG抗体,稀释比为1∶20 000;抗rP4多克隆抗体和山羊感染Mccp后的血清作为一抗的,加入HPR标记的兔抗山羊IgG抗体,稀释比为1∶20 000,室温孵育1 h;TBST洗膜4次,每次10 min;避光加入显色液显色,显色完毕后观察分析结果。
将冻存的Mccp菌株用改良MTB培养基以1∶9比例复苏与传代,37 ℃温箱中静置培养至培养基颜色由红色变为黄色。攻毒菌液在培养至对数生长后期进行20倍浓缩,在96孔板中进行10倍梯度稀释测定菌液滴度[11]。
全菌灭活疫苗制备是将培养好的Mccp菌液离心,用无菌PBS离洗2次,除去菌体以外的成分,PBS重悬后测定全菌蛋白浓度,调整至合适的蛋白浓度,灭活后与ISA201佐剂进行乳化,制备疫苗。纯化的rP4蛋白按照上述方法与佐剂进行乳化制备疫苗,同时制备PBS佐剂作为对照组。
将15只山羊随机分成3组,每组5只,分别为P4蛋白组、全菌灭活组和PBS对照组。通过颈部肌肉注射的方式进行免疫,每次免疫剂量为2 mL·只-1。在第一次免疫14 d后进行第二次免疫;二免后21 d进行攻毒。参考文献[12]的方法进行攻毒,攻毒剂量108 CCU·mL-1。攻毒后死亡动物进行剖检和取样,未死亡动物在攻毒后30 d进行剖检。
攻毒后每天测直肠体温、心率和呼吸频率,并观察相应的临床症状如呼吸、精神状态,行为活动、饮食等,记录死亡情况。每周测量体重、采集血清和鼻拭子。对死亡的动物进行剖检,观察胸腔和肺病变,采集胸水(若有),进行Mccp PCR检测和滴度测定;采集肺健康和病变交界处组织固定进行后续的组织病理学观察;统一采集右尖叶样品进行肺脏载菌量测定和病原分离[6,13]。
免疫前和免疫后每周采集非抗凝血分离血清保存,利用间接ELISA方法测定血清中Mccp抗体,以及P4蛋白特异性抗体水平。简述如下:rP4重组蛋白以3.7 μg·mL-1包被96孔酶标板,37 ℃温箱放置1 h后,4 ℃过夜;洗涤封闭后加入待检血清,37 ℃孵育1 h;洗涤后以HRP标记的兔抗山羊IgG为二抗,37 ℃孵育1 h,洗涤后TMB显色,2 mol·L-1 H2SO4作为终止液在酶标仪上在450 nm读取OD值。
分别采集免疫前(免疫第0 d)、二免前(免疫第14 d)和攻毒前(免疫第35 d)血清,采集的血清用商品化的试剂盒检测细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10水平。
数据采用Graphed Prism 10软件进行数据统计分析和图表绘制,结果表示为“平均数±均值标准差”。采用单向或者双向方差分析(ANOVA)和T检验对组间进行差异分析(* P<0.05)。
重组蛋白rP4为可溶性表达,用不同浓度咪唑洗脱液洗脱和镍株结合的蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE分析可知在200 mmol·L-1咪唑洗脱液下目的蛋白最容易洗脱下来,成功获得与目标蛋白大小105 ku相符的重组蛋白(图1)。分别用抗His标签的鼠单克隆抗体、抗rP4多克隆抗体以及山羊感染Mccp后的血清作为一抗进行Western blot分析,结果显示在rP4蛋白相应的分子质量位置出现显色带(图2)。
攻毒1周后山羊体温出现明显升高,全菌灭活组体温明显低于其他组,在攻毒两周后各组动物体温开始有所恢复。攻毒后各组羊均出现发热、咳嗽、食欲下降和精神状态不佳等症状。攻毒1周后体重也出现下降,在2~3周后体重开始有所恢复,全菌灭活组体重下降幅度相比较其他组较小(图3)。直至观察结束,P4蛋白组、全菌灭活组和PBS对照组的存活率分别是40%、60%、40%(图4)。结果显示P4蛋白组在临床症状表现上并没有提供良好的免疫保护效果,全菌灭活组有一定的保护作用。
临床症状和病程以14 d为基准进行判断,存活时间≤14 dpi为急性型,存活时间>14 dpi的为慢性型[14],参考文献[15]并结合病程对大体病变和组织病变的典型症状进行归纳整理,确定评分标准(表1)。P4蛋白组中3只为急性型,出现胸腔积液和胸膜粘连,左右肺叶均呈大范围酒红色肝实变;组织学检查显示肺泡结构消失、大量坏死细胞碎片,肺泡壁毛细血管和间质血管充血。慢性型无胸腔积液,但有胸膜粘连,肺以右尖叶干酪样病变为主,组织病变表现纤维结缔组织增生和大范围肺泡实质化。全菌灭活组只有一只山羊为急性型,右尖叶和右心叶肝变明显,慢性型肺有少量干酪样病变,肺泡结构清晰,呼吸道周围出现淋巴细胞浸润;PBS对照组中急性型有2只,出现胸腔积液,左右肺尖叶和心叶出现肺实变;组织学观察结构出现多灶性实质化,伴随肺泡壁毛细血管充血;慢性型为散在干酪样病变,组织学检查多见肺泡出现实质化(图5)。评分结果显示,P4蛋白组病理变化在3组内最严重(图6)。
分别对采集的血清进行Mccp特异性抗体和rP4蛋白相应抗体检测(图7)。结果显示,以rP4为抗原检测免疫山羊的抗体效价,在免疫两周后血清抗体明显上升,并且在免疫后两个月内都保持高的抗体水平,证明P4蛋白有良好的免疫原性。全菌灭活组在免疫后14 d血清中Mccp的抗体呈阳性,对照组则在攻毒两周后血清中Mccp抗体呈现阳性。
取攻毒后山羊的肺组织进行载菌量测定,各组均可检测到Mccp DNA,其中P4蛋白组肺的载菌量最高,PBS对照组次之,全菌灭活组最低(图8)。此外,从胸水样品中可检测到病原Mccp,其中P4蛋白组中胸水Mccp滴度可以到达107 CCU·mL-1 (表2)。
采集不同时间血清进行细胞因子检测。结果显示,P4蛋白组IL-2第35天显著高于第0天,而IL-4第35天显著低于第0天,IL-10虽在免疫后呈现上升趋势但是不显著,IFN-γ均未检测到(图9)。血清中IL-4的显著降低和IL-2的显著增加可能表明P4蛋白在一定程度上诱导了Th1型免疫反应的增强,抑制了Th2型反应。
CCPP是WOAH法定报告动物疫病,在我国被列为二类动物疫病。根据中国农业农村部疫情发布数据,从2023年初至2024年CCPP多次占据二类主要动物疫病报告发病数前三位,目前对于疫病最好的防控依旧是疫苗免疫。1958年,传统组织灭活疫苗曾起到很大作用,但是该疫苗制备方法导致的生物安全风险问题和不同批次质量难以保证。菌体培养物灭活疫苗虽然很大程度避免了组织灭活疫苗的问题,但是由于支原体生长缓慢,培养需要大量的马血清,其生产成本高,且灭活疫苗中常有其他成分污染[16],推广受到严重限制。Mccp疫苗急需产品升级换代。
通过SDS-PAGE分析,重组蛋白rP4在200 mmol·L-1咪唑下较容易洗脱。rP4分别和His标签抗体、P4多抗血清以及Mccp攻毒后的血清进行Western blot验证,发现均可以在目的蛋白出现显色带;但是和P4多抗血清及Mccp攻毒后血清的WB验证中出现杂带。这可能是Mccp攻毒后血清中的抗体与重组P4蛋白的某些结构域或其他蛋白片段发生非特异性结合;P4多抗血清是通过免疫动物获得的,可能包含针对P4蛋白不同表位的抗体,其中部分抗体可能识别了非特异性抗原或蛋白片段,或表明多抗血清的制备过程中可能存在一些非特异性抗体的残留。
P4蛋白为筛选的潜在疫苗靶标,免疫山羊后产生特异抗体,在免疫14 d后上升,整个试验期间抗体水平一直维持高水平,但其产生的特异性抗体可能不一定是有效的中和抗体。P4蛋白组免疫后在临床症状、存活率等方面并无改善,大体病变和组织病理变化观察P4蛋白组无论是急性还是慢性病例都要比PBS组严重,肺的载菌量虽然没有显著性差异,但是P4蛋白组均值要高于其余组。这种现象推测可能是引发了抗体依赖性增强作用,具体作用还需要进一步验证。
在本研究中,免疫后,山羊血清中的IL-4显著下调,而IL-2显著上调,提示诱导了偏向Th1应答,可能导致Th1/Th2失衡。这种失衡可能引发过度的细胞免疫反应,从而引起组织损伤。这种现象可能是由免疫蛋白本身引起的,也可能是由于疫苗中的佐剂所致。皂苷能有效刺激Th1型免疫应答并产生特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞,ISA201是一种内部为水包油(W/O/W)矿物油的佐剂乳剂,可以快速诱导体液免疫反应,也能增强细胞免疫反应,诱导具有Th1偏向的免疫反应。IL-4的变化趋势可能反映了Th2型免疫反应的早期激活,随后受到免疫调节机制的抑制。IL-10作为一种抗炎细胞因子,在免疫后第35天较第0天有所上升,提示可能存在免疫调节机制,有助于维持免疫反应的平衡,防止过度的炎症反应。值得注意的是,尽管IL-4和IL-10均为Th2型细胞因子,但它们的检测结果呈现出不同的变化趋势。这种差异可能与免疫反应的动态变化、免疫调节机制的作用以及疾病进展的影响有关。此外,未检测到IFN-γ,可能是由于Th1型免疫反应未被充分激活,导致IFN-γ产生不足。
此外,本研究对于山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的不同病程导致的病理学变化有进一步认识和深入。CCPP临床表现通常分为最急性型、急性型和慢性型。最急性型和急性型表现为暴发性的疾病,感染后不久便发生纤维性胸膜肺炎,死亡率很高[10]。慢性病程较轻,无急性死亡[17]。本次研究发现,在攻毒2周内死亡的急性病例出现稻草色胸液、胸膜黏连、大范围肝实变,右肺病变程度往往比左肺严重,这与前期研究得出的结论相似[18⁃20]。组织病变中肺泡腔充满纤维蛋白、肺泡结构不清晰或出现大范围实质化,若肺泡腔出血或可见大量坏死细胞碎片,往往羊死亡急且症状更重。慢性病变胸腔很少有胸水,肺组织多出现干酪样坏死病变,肝实变则多为散发。组织病变呈现部分肺泡壁增厚导致肺泡腔狭窄,部分肺泡出现代偿性轻度扩张。在病原分离上,本次试验中只有2只羊的肺组织分离纯化出了Mccp,胸腔积液中均分离到了Mccp活菌,说明Mccp在胸腔积液中更容易分离,这与之前的试验结果相符[17,21]。
动物支原体疾病中已经有很多支原体尝试亚单位疫苗研究[22],有一些单组份亚单位疫苗会加重病变[23⁃25],而多组分亚单位疫苗可能更容易起到保护作用[26⁃28]。B细胞和T细胞表位的鉴定在基于多个表位的疫苗开发中具有重要意义,选择预测多个蛋白的T细胞和B细胞表位进行串联,B细胞表位在体液免疫反应的启动中起关键作用[29],而T细胞识别的表位可以诱导细胞免疫反应并增强整体免疫激活[30],从而达到减少工艺成分并达到免疫效果。本研究中疫苗免疫后血清中特异性抗体和细胞因子水平表明体液免疫被激活但细胞免疫反应可能相对不足,这一发现提示需要进一步优化疫苗设计:一是要思考细胞免疫、体液免疫哪一个对于Mccp的感染更能提供有效保护;同样也需要思考Th1和Th2免疫反应的平衡,例如在牛支原体中已鉴定出多种免疫原性蛋白,这些蛋白能够诱导体液免疫,但未能有效激活细胞免疫,这导致目前尚无有效的牛支原体亚单位疫苗能够提供显著的免疫保护,这一现象提醒对于支原体而言,免疫保护的关键可能不在于单纯的体液或细胞免疫,而在于Th1和Th2细胞免疫的平衡。因此,需要通过对抗原进行设计或选择不同的佐剂[28,31],诱导更均衡的免疫反应以增强疫苗的保护效力[22]。
本研究表达纯化了重组蛋白rP4并制备疫苗,通过山羊免疫及免疫攻毒试验对其免疫效果进行了评价。试验结果表明,P4蛋白尽管产生了高水平抗体,但仍无法提供免疫保护作用,为山羊传染性胸膜肺炎新型疫苗的设计制备提供了数据支持。
  • 甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDNA007)
  • 甘肃省2024年度重点人才项目(2024RCXM36)
  • 中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-LVRI)
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doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.040
  • 接收时间:2025-03-10
  • 首发时间:2026-09-16
  • 出版时间:2026-02-23
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-10
基金
甘肃省科技重大专项(23ZDNA007)
甘肃省2024年度重点人才项目(2024RCXM36)
中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-LVRI)
作者信息
    1.中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所 兰州大学动物医学与生物安全学院 动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,兰州 730000
    2.甘肃省病原生物学基础学科研究中心,兰州 730046

通讯作者:

郝华芳,主要从事动物支原体病病原学、致病免疫机制及防控技术研究,E-mail:
储岳峰,主要从事动物支原体病、布鲁菌病和结核病防控研究,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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