Article(id=1307013662435209867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.037, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1750089600000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789545940264, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1774195200000, pubDateStr=2026-03-23, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789545940264, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789545940264, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789545940264, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307013423896753139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, year='2026', volume='57', issue='3', pageStart='1177', pageEnd='1776', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774195200000', pubDateStr='2026-03-23', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789545883392, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789609930841, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307282058464743901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307282058464743902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1613, endPage=1623, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307013663970325132, articleId=1307013662435209867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=EN, title=Biological Characterization of a Broad-spectrum Escherichia coli Phage Strain and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects in Mouse Models, columnId=1307007432299930010, journalTitle=Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, columnName=PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Phage therapy is a novel antimicrobial treatment, in order to provide new theoretical and technical support for the prevention and treatment of E. coli infections, in this study, E. coli E6 and a broad-spectrum E. coli phage named vB_EcoM_E6 were isolated from the feces of diarrheic goats, and the potency, pH stability, thermal stability, lysis spectrum, and one-step growth curves of the phage were measured by observing the phage spots and biological properties, performing whole genome sequence analysis and evaluating the phage by animal model tests. The results showed that the lysis rate of this phage in the study was as high as 70.6%, and it was relatively stable at 50 ℃ and pH 3-10 range, and the transmission electron microscopy observation results indicated that this phage belonged to the myotail phage. Genome-wide analysis showed that the phage had a total length of 137 974 bp, a CG content of 39.13%, and 247 coding sequences (CDS). The results of the mouse model test showed that the phage had a good protective effect against E. coli infection. This study provides a good material for further research on E. coli antimicrobial agents.

, authors=Guofan REN1, 2, Jingya ZHANG1, 2, Xiao ZHANG1, 2, Zimeng ZHAO1, 2, Xinxiang ZHANG1, 2, Jiadeng JIANG1, 2, Xinglong WANG1, 2, authorsList=Guofan REN, Jingya ZHANG, Xiao ZHANG, Zimeng ZHAO, Xinxiang ZHANG, Jiadeng JIANG, Xinglong WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xinglong WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
WANG Xinglong, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1307013670463107747, articleId=1307013662435209867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=CN, title=一株广谱大肠杆菌噬菌体的生物学特性分析及小鼠模型治疗效果的评估, columnId=1307007432459313564, journalTitle=畜牧兽医学报, columnName=预防兽医, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

噬菌体治疗是一种新型的抗菌治疗策略,为了给防治大肠杆菌感染提供新的理论技术支持,本研究从腹泻山羊的粪便中分离出了大肠杆菌E6和一株广谱的大肠杆菌噬菌体,命名为vB_EcoM_E6,通过观察噬菌斑,测定噬菌体的效价、pH稳定性、热稳定性、裂解谱、一步生长曲线等生物学特性,进行全基因组序列分析,并通过动物模型试验对该噬菌体进行评估。结果表明,在研究中该噬菌体的裂解率高达70.6%,在50 ℃和pH 3~10范围下比较稳定,透射电镜观察结果表明,该噬菌体属于肌尾噬菌体。全基因组分析结果显示,该噬菌体全长为137 974 bp,CG含量为39.13%,编码序列(coding sequences,CDS)有247个。小鼠模型试验结果显示,该噬菌体对于被大肠杆菌感染的小鼠有着良好的保护作用。本研究为进一步研究大肠杆菌抗菌剂提供了良好的材料。

, authors=任国璠1, 2, 张静雅1, 2, 张潇1, 2, 赵梓萌1, 2, 张新想1, 2, 蒋佳登1, 2, 王兴龙1, 2, authorsList=任国璠, 张静雅, 张潇, 赵梓萌, 张新想, 蒋佳登, 王兴龙, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王兴龙, authorNote=

任国璠,硕士生,主要从事动物源细菌病的防控研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
王兴龙,主要从事动物传染病防控研究,E-mail:
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DOI:10.26226/morressier.56d6be78d462b80296c97a5c, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307281785960813166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴珮榕,李 瑶,张昱晗,等.大肠杆菌噬菌体Φ199与盐酸克林霉素体外联合应用效果分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2025,57(1):98-104. 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DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106832, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307281786183111281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN L C,ZHOU Y,ZHANG L L,et al.Isolation and biological characteristics of lytic enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli bacteriophage[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases,2019,26(6):58-63.(in Chinese). DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106832, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307281786250220146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GU LIU C,GREEN S I,MIN L,et al.Phage-antibiotic synergy is driven by a unique combination of antibacterial mechanism of action and stoichiometry [J].mBio,2020,11(4):e01462-20. DOI:10.1128/mbio.01462-20, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307281786313134707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JHANDAI P,MITTAL D,GUPTA R,et al.Therapeutics and prophylactic efficacy of novel lytic Escherichia phage vB_EcoS_PJ16 against multidrug-resistant avian pathogenic E.coli using in vivo study[J].Int Microbiol,2024,27(3):673-668. DOI:10.1007/s10123-023-00420-7, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1307281784429892187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, awardId=2023KXJ-273, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设(2023KXJ-273), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1307281776985002509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307281776997585422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, companyId=1307281776985002509, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307281777005974031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, companyId=1307281776985002509, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌 712100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1307281777077277200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307281777081471505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, companyId=1307281777077277200, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Xianyang Vocational and Technical College,Xianyang 712000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307281777089860114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, companyId=1307281777077277200, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.咸阳职业技术学院,咸阳 712000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1307281781149946437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Morphology of phage vB_EcoM_E6 by TEM, figureFileSmall=JjJDSUJcf2RN0wW+RNiHuQ==, figureFileBig=MAf8NdSDn76cLtCT2Nu9LA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781217055302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图1, caption=透射电镜观察噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=JjJDSUJcf2RN0wW+RNiHuQ==, figureFileBig=MAf8NdSDn76cLtCT2Nu9LA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781309329991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The best MOI (A) and vitro antibacterial activity (B) of phage vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=7r81m3RXiGAUEmfWMNRzRw==, figureFileBig=DWwa18qLyrbmEyZYvOURvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781372244552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图2, caption=噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6感染复数(A)和体外抑菌活性(B), figureFileSmall=7r81m3RXiGAUEmfWMNRzRw==, figureFileBig=DWwa18qLyrbmEyZYvOURvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781439353417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=pH stability (A) and thermal stability (B) of phage vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=Ml69h4aBohjiIu5rjyVgwQ==, figureFileBig=9xsPPLZ6OdSu9bvZcM3ZRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781510656586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图3, caption=噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6 pH稳定性(A)和热稳定性(B), figureFileSmall=Ml69h4aBohjiIu5rjyVgwQ==, figureFileBig=9xsPPLZ6OdSu9bvZcM3ZRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781581959755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=One-step growth kinetics of Phage vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=mLfqMkztaT924z1tEc5h6A==, figureFileBig=FOR3c2I0OPDGHcUYHb5ALA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781653262924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图4, caption=噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6一步生长曲线, figureFileSmall=mLfqMkztaT924z1tEc5h6A==, figureFileBig=FOR3c2I0OPDGHcUYHb5ALA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781711983181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Comparative circular genome map of Phage vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=F989ICxQ1CjKOYPclKKDkg==, figureFileBig=hMWmO03hueSKQfNXplaxXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781770703438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图5, caption=噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6 全基因组圈图, figureFileSmall=F989ICxQ1CjKOYPclKKDkg==, figureFileBig=hMWmO03hueSKQfNXplaxXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281781821035087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Phylogenetic tree of Phage vB_EcoM_E6, figureFileSmall=iQlDHdoVweYhjmVxxm8LRw==, figureFileBig=pv8Q10PT9XO3XXX2FEbm9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783511339600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图6, caption=噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6系统发育进化树, figureFileSmall=iQlDHdoVweYhjmVxxm8LRw==, figureFileBig=pv8Q10PT9XO3XXX2FEbm9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783582642769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Pathological observation of mouse spleens

A, B. Phage intramuscular injection control group; C, D. Phage intramuscular injection treatment group; E, F. Saline blank control group; G, H. Bacterial control group. All slides at ×400 magnification

, figureFileSmall=q/l7ajgKV6l/9/a4S0Zriw==, figureFileBig=wM5wlDFY3/jaIOI+0NDomg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783641363026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图7, caption=小鼠脾脏病理观察图

A、B.噬菌体肌肉注射对照组;C、D.噬菌体肌肉注射治疗组;E、F.生理盐水空白对照组;G、H.细菌对照组。切片400×

, figureFileSmall=q/l7ajgKV6l/9/a4S0Zriw==, figureFileBig=wM5wlDFY3/jaIOI+0NDomg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783729443411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Pathological observation of mouse lungs

A, B. Phage intramuscular injection control group; C, D. Phage intramuscular injection treatment group; E, F. Saline blank control group; G, H. Bacterial control group. All slides at ×400 magnification

, figureFileSmall=v+OxtZ27kCf73wkd2Y7lPw==, figureFileBig=CO36he0WnuGGj7IUK+FgRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783800746580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图8, caption=小鼠肺脏病理观察图(切片400×)

A、B.噬菌体肌肉注射对照组;C、D.噬菌体肌肉注射治疗组;E、F.生理盐水空白对照组;G、H.细菌对照组。切片400×

, figureFileSmall=v+OxtZ27kCf73wkd2Y7lPw==, figureFileBig=CO36he0WnuGGj7IUK+FgRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783884632661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Pathological observation of mouse livers

A, B. Phage intramuscular injection control group; C, D. Phage intramuscular injection treatment group; E, F. Saline blank control group; G, H. Bacterial control group. All slides at ×400 magnification

, figureFileSmall=7sRvnCzraOAYQmZnN6nOlg==, figureFileBig=cGX+1WiiGU0cW+UcKLZAAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281783943352918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图9, caption=小鼠肝脏病理观察图

A、B.噬菌体肌肉注射对照组;C、D.噬菌体肌肉注射治疗组;E、F.生理盐水空白对照组;G、H.细菌对照组。切片400×

, figureFileSmall=7sRvnCzraOAYQmZnN6nOlg==, figureFileBig=cGX+1WiiGU0cW+UcKLZAAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281784006267479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Pathological observation of mouse spleen intestines

A, B. Phage intramuscular injection control group; C, D. Phage intramuscular injection treatment group; E, F. Saline blank control group; G, H. Bacterial control group. All slides at ×400 magnification

, figureFileSmall=queGCvseyT4yhW3eVYUjww==, figureFileBig=zb8blRN+rKW4L5vaZYBB8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281784098542168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=图10, caption=小鼠肠道病理观察图

A、B.噬菌体肌肉注射对照组;C、D.噬菌体肌肉注射治疗组;E、F.生理盐水空白对照组;G、H.细菌对照组。切片400×

, figureFileSmall=queGCvseyT4yhW3eVYUjww==, figureFileBig=zb8blRN+rKW4L5vaZYBB8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281784182428249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The host spectrum analysis on Escherichia coli lysed by bacteriophages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

标记

Mark

菌种来源

Source of strains

裂解能力

The ability of lysing bacteria

标记

Mark

菌种来源

Source of strains

裂解能力

The ability of lysing bacteria

E1羊(陕西杨凌)+++E27猪(陕西汉中)-
E2羊(陕西杨凌)+++E28猪(陕西杨凌)++
E3羊(陕西杨凌)++E29猪(陕西杨凌)+
E4羊(陕西杨凌)+++E30猪(陕西汉中)++
E5羊(陕西周至)+++E31猪(陕西杨凌)+++
E6(host)羊(陕西周至)+++E32猪(陕西杨凌)+
E7羊(陕西周至)+++E33牛(陕西杨凌)++
E8羊(陕西富平)-E34牛(陕西杨凌)++
E9羊(陕西富平)-E35牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E10羊(陕西富平)++E36牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E11羊(陕西富平)-E37牛(陕西杨凌)-
E12羊(陕西富平)-E38牛(陕西杨凌)++
E13羊(陕西富平)+++E39牛(陕西杨凌)++
E14羊(陕西富平)-E40牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E15羊(陕西富平)-E41牛(陕西杨凌)+
E16羊(陕西富平)-E42牛(陕西杨凌)-
E17羊(陕西富平)+E43牛(陕西杨凌)++
E18羊(陕西富平)-E44牛(陕西杨凌)++
E19羊(陕西富平)++E45牛(陕西杨凌)-
E20羊(陕西富平)+++E46牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E21羊(陕西富平)-E47牛(陕西杨凌)-
E22羊(陕西富平)+++E48牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E23羊(陕西富平)+++E49鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E24猪(陕西铜川)++E50鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E25猪(陕西铜川)+E51鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E26猪(陕西汉中)-
), ArticleFig(id=1307281784266314330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013662435209867, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6裂解大肠杆菌的宿主谱测定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

标记

Mark

菌种来源

Source of strains

裂解能力

The ability of lysing bacteria

标记

Mark

菌种来源

Source of strains

裂解能力

The ability of lysing bacteria

E1羊(陕西杨凌)+++E27猪(陕西汉中)-
E2羊(陕西杨凌)+++E28猪(陕西杨凌)++
E3羊(陕西杨凌)++E29猪(陕西杨凌)+
E4羊(陕西杨凌)+++E30猪(陕西汉中)++
E5羊(陕西周至)+++E31猪(陕西杨凌)+++
E6(host)羊(陕西周至)+++E32猪(陕西杨凌)+
E7羊(陕西周至)+++E33牛(陕西杨凌)++
E8羊(陕西富平)-E34牛(陕西杨凌)++
E9羊(陕西富平)-E35牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E10羊(陕西富平)++E36牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E11羊(陕西富平)-E37牛(陕西杨凌)-
E12羊(陕西富平)-E38牛(陕西杨凌)++
E13羊(陕西富平)+++E39牛(陕西杨凌)++
E14羊(陕西富平)-E40牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E15羊(陕西富平)-E41牛(陕西杨凌)+
E16羊(陕西富平)-E42牛(陕西杨凌)-
E17羊(陕西富平)+E43牛(陕西杨凌)++
E18羊(陕西富平)-E44牛(陕西杨凌)++
E19羊(陕西富平)++E45牛(陕西杨凌)-
E20羊(陕西富平)+++E46牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E21羊(陕西富平)-E47牛(陕西杨凌)-
E22羊(陕西富平)+++E48牛(陕西杨凌)+++
E23羊(陕西富平)+++E49鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E24猪(陕西铜川)++E50鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E25猪(陕西铜川)+E51鸡(陕西杨凌)+
E26猪(陕西汉中)-
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一株广谱大肠杆菌噬菌体的生物学特性分析及小鼠模型治疗效果的评估
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任国璠 1, 2 , 张静雅 1, 2 , 张潇 1, 2 , 赵梓萌 1, 2 , 张新想 1, 2 , 蒋佳登 1, 2 , 王兴龙 1, 2
畜牧兽医学报 | 预防兽医 2026,57(3): 1613-1623
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畜牧兽医学报 |预防兽医 2026 , 57 (3) : 1613 -1623
一株广谱大肠杆菌噬菌体的生物学特性分析及小鼠模型治疗效果的评估
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任国璠1, 2 , 张静雅1, 2, 张潇1, 2, 赵梓萌1, 2, 张新想1, 2, 蒋佳登1, 2, 王兴龙1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌 712100
  • 2.咸阳职业技术学院,咸阳 712000
通讯作者:
王兴龙,主要从事动物传染病防控研究,E-mail:
作者简介:

任国璠,硕士生,主要从事动物源细菌病的防控研究,E-mail:

Biological Characterization of a Broad-spectrum Escherichia coli Phage Strain and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects in Mouse Models
Guofan REN1, 2 , Jingya ZHANG1, 2, Xiao ZHANG1, 2, Zimeng ZHAO1, 2, Xinxiang ZHANG1, 2, Jiadeng JIANG1, 2, Xinglong WANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China
  • 2.Xianyang Vocational and Technical College,Xianyang 712000,China
  • Corresponding Author:
    WANG Xinglong, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-03-23 doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.037
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噬菌体治疗是一种新型的抗菌治疗策略,为了给防治大肠杆菌感染提供新的理论技术支持,本研究从腹泻山羊的粪便中分离出了大肠杆菌E6和一株广谱的大肠杆菌噬菌体,命名为vB_EcoM_E6,通过观察噬菌斑,测定噬菌体的效价、pH稳定性、热稳定性、裂解谱、一步生长曲线等生物学特性,进行全基因组序列分析,并通过动物模型试验对该噬菌体进行评估。结果表明,在研究中该噬菌体的裂解率高达70.6%,在50 ℃和pH 3~10范围下比较稳定,透射电镜观察结果表明,该噬菌体属于肌尾噬菌体。全基因组分析结果显示,该噬菌体全长为137 974 bp,CG含量为39.13%,编码序列(coding sequences,CDS)有247个。小鼠模型试验结果显示,该噬菌体对于被大肠杆菌感染的小鼠有着良好的保护作用。本研究为进一步研究大肠杆菌抗菌剂提供了良好的材料。

大肠杆菌  /  噬菌体  /  生物学特性  /  噬菌体疗法

Phage therapy is a novel antimicrobial treatment, in order to provide new theoretical and technical support for the prevention and treatment of E. coli infections, in this study, E. coli E6 and a broad-spectrum E. coli phage named vB_EcoM_E6 were isolated from the feces of diarrheic goats, and the potency, pH stability, thermal stability, lysis spectrum, and one-step growth curves of the phage were measured by observing the phage spots and biological properties, performing whole genome sequence analysis and evaluating the phage by animal model tests. The results showed that the lysis rate of this phage in the study was as high as 70.6%, and it was relatively stable at 50 ℃ and pH 3-10 range, and the transmission electron microscopy observation results indicated that this phage belonged to the myotail phage. Genome-wide analysis showed that the phage had a total length of 137 974 bp, a CG content of 39.13%, and 247 coding sequences (CDS). The results of the mouse model test showed that the phage had a good protective effect against E. coli infection. This study provides a good material for further research on E. coli antimicrobial agents.

Escherichia coli  /  phage  /  biological characteristic  /  phage therapy
任国璠, 张静雅, 张潇, 赵梓萌, 张新想, 蒋佳登, 王兴龙. 一株广谱大肠杆菌噬菌体的生物学特性分析及小鼠模型治疗效果的评估. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1613 -1623 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.037
Guofan REN, Jingya ZHANG, Xiao ZHANG, Zimeng ZHAO, Xinxiang ZHANG, Jiadeng JIANG, Xinglong WANG. Biological Characterization of a Broad-spectrum Escherichia coli Phage Strain and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects in Mouse Models[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1613 -1623 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.037
大肠杆菌是脊椎动物肠道共生微生物的一员,也是最常见的革兰阴性人畜共患病病原菌之一,易感动物种类繁多。目前存在的大肠杆菌血清型数量可能多达上万种,其中包括了产肠毒素大肠杆菌(Enterotoxigenic E. coli,ETEC)、产类志贺毒素大肠杆菌(Shiga toxin-producing E. coli,STEC)和肠出血性大肠杆菌(Enterohemorrhagic E. coli,EHEC)等高致病性大肠杆菌,大肠杆菌可在全球各地被分离出,且一年四季均可发病,可以引起肠道、尿路、肺脏等多器官组织感染[1]。而随着抗生素的大规模使用,导致细菌耐药性愈加严重,这会大大增加细菌感染的死亡率和发病率,也会增加疾病治愈的时间、经济成本[2],在2017年,世界卫生组织强调了多重耐药性革兰阴性菌所带来的威胁[3],这些严重阻碍了家畜养殖行业的健康发展,并对人类健康造成了威胁,因此研发出一种新的、可行性高的抗菌治疗手段很关键。
噬菌体是目前数量最多的微生物,其分布广泛,适应性强,能够存在于各种环境中[4],并且相比于抗生素,噬菌体具有许多优势:更加易于获得,大量生产的成本更低;裂解细菌具有高度特异性,对于其他正常菌群往往不会有显著影响,具有较好的安全性;噬菌体作为生物抗菌剂可以进行自我扩增,因为这些优势,噬菌体治疗已经成为抗菌治疗新的研究方向,甚至在欧洲部分国家已经有应用噬菌体进行临床治疗的案例[5]。
本研究从陕西省周至县某羊场的污水和粪便中分离出裂解性的大肠杆菌噬菌体和对应的宿主菌,再结合实验室保存的多株大肠杆菌,对其生物学特性及基因组进行分析,并结合小鼠模型,为探究大肠杆菌噬菌体制剂提供依据,为噬菌体疗法提供可用菌株,对大肠杆菌病的预防与治疗提出创新策略以及对策。
51株大肠杆菌,均为西北农林科技大学动物医学院传染病实验室临床分离并保存。
LB琼脂培养基;LB液体培养基;麦康凯琼脂培养基;细菌、噬菌体DNA提取试剂盒;0.45 μm微孔滤膜;0.22 μm微孔滤膜;恒温振荡摇床;二氧化碳恒温培养箱;恒温水浴锅;电子天平;超纯水仪;超净工作台;高压蒸汽灭菌锅;高速离心机等。
6周龄SPF级雌性昆明小鼠(KM小鼠),购自成都达硕实验动物有限公司。
参考并改良陈义宝等[6]的方法分离噬菌体,将所采集羊场粪便加入适量的生理盐水过夜浸泡,使用三层纱布过滤除去颗粒杂质之后,以8 000 r·min-1离心15 min取上清液,离心重复3次,然后用0.45 μm口径微孔滤器进行过滤,获得含有噬菌体的原液。在噬菌体原液中加入500 μL大肠杆菌E6菌液,于37℃恒温摇床温和振荡4~6 h后8 000 r·min-1离心15 min后取上清液,用0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤。将大肠杆菌E6涂布在固体LB培养基上,滴加10 μL过滤后的上清液,37 ℃恒温培养4~6 h后可观察到一个透亮的噬菌斑。
挑取分离过程中所得的噬菌斑接种于500 μL的LB液体培养基中,捣碎琼脂,37 ℃恒温摇床温和振荡30 min,振荡完毕后,8 000 r·min-1离心5 min,取100 μL上清液和100 μL大肠杆菌E6菌液加入5 mL LB液体培养基,37 ℃摇床恒温培养6 h,8 000 r·min-1离心5 min,用0.22 μm微孔滤膜过滤,将滤液作10倍倍比稀释,取10-2、10-4、10-6浓度的滤液各100 μL与大肠杆菌E6菌液按1∶1混合,倒入凝固的LB培养基上制成双层平板,37 ℃恒温培养4~6 h,得到噬菌斑后挑取单斑继续使用双层平板法进行纯化。按上述方法纯化3~5次,直至平板出现大小、形态一致的噬菌斑。
将纯化得到的噬菌斑在LB液体培养基中浸出,加入大肠杆菌E6培养液,于37 ℃恒温摇床中培养6 h后过0.22 μm滤膜,将滤液作10倍倍比稀释后,采用双层平板法来测定噬菌体的效价,每个稀释度重复3次。取噬菌斑数在30~300的平板进行计数,计算噬菌体效价。
噬菌体效价(PFU·mL-1)=平均噬菌斑数×稀释倍数×10。
将纯化过的噬菌体培养液送往成都里来生物科技有限公司做透射电镜观察噬菌体形态。
参考李托等[7]的方法进行测定,取实验室保存的51株大肠杆菌复苏后,使用点斑法进行裂解谱的测定,具体方式如下:将菌液涂布在固体LB上,滴加5~10 μL噬菌体培养液,待干燥后倒置于37 ℃培养箱中培养6 h,观察是否会形成透明噬菌斑点,设立一组生理盐水对照组。
参考Wang等[8]的方法,将宿主菌培养至对数期,将细菌浓度调节至1×108 CFU· mL-1,将噬菌体与细菌按照MOI为10-4、10-3、10-2、10-1、101、102、103的比例混匀,添加到5 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃恒温摇床以180 r·min-1振荡培养5 h,随后利用双层平板法测定不同MOI下噬菌体的效价,最高效价所对应的MOI,即为最佳MOI,重复3次。
参考Wang等[9]的方法,将宿主菌培养至对数期,将细菌浓度调节至1×108 CFU· mL-1,按照最佳MOI混合,加入到20 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃恒温摇床培养2 h,期间从0 min开始,每隔10 min取样一次使用双层平板法测定噬菌体的效价,重复三次。
参考Wang等[9]的方法,使用HCl和NaOH溶液将LB液体培养基的pH调节至2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10,分别取900 μL不同pH值的LB液体培养基,再分别加入100 μL噬菌体培养液,在37 ℃水浴锅中静置培养2 h,再从各管中取100 μL,用双层平板法测定各组噬菌体效价,重复3次。
参考Wang等[9]的方法,取5 mL纯化过的噬菌体培养液分别置于4、25、40、50、60、70、80 ℃的水浴锅中,每个温度分别静置20、40、60 min后先自然冷却至室温,再利用双层平板法测定噬菌体效价,重复3次。
参考Wang等[9]的方法,将宿主菌培养至对数期,取100 μL细菌培养液与噬菌体按照MOI=10-4、10-3、10-2、10-1、101、102、103混合,加入到15 mL LB液体培养基中,在37 ℃恒温摇床中培养,每过1 h取样测定OD600,持续12 h,每组做三组重复,同时设立一组仅噬菌体(OP)、仅细菌(OB)以及仅LB培养基(B)的对照组。
从已经分离并完成纯化的噬菌体中提取出核酸,将提取好的核酸送至百迈克生物科技有限公司公司进行测序,测序完成后使用NCBI中的BLAST工具进行序列比对,并利用CGView工具制作噬菌体基因组圈图,用mega X 软件构建系统发育进化并进行进化分析[10]。
将噬菌体宿主菌E6培养至对数期后,将浓度调节为2.95×108、5.9×108、1.18×109 CFU· mL-1,分别给不同组小鼠腹腔注射0.2 mL以确定最小致死剂量。将昆明小鼠(KM小鼠)分为4组,每组5只,第一组为细菌对照组,每只小鼠腹腔注射0.2 mL三倍最小致死浓度的大肠杆菌E6;第二组为空白对照组,每只小鼠腹腔注射0.2 mL生理盐水;第三组为噬菌体肌肉注射治疗组,每只小鼠攻毒1 h后肌肉注射0.2 mL效价为1.02×109 PFU· mL-1的噬菌体培养液;第四组为噬菌体肌肉注射对照组,每只小鼠仅注射0.2 mL噬菌体培养液。连续观察一周,死亡的小鼠立刻剖检,未死亡的小鼠断颈处死,观察器官病变,采样制作病理切片。
纯化处理完的噬菌体,通过双层平板法得出该噬菌体的效价为8.4×108 PFU·mL-1。
采用双层平板法对噬菌体进行分离纯化,以大肠杆菌E6为宿主菌分离噬菌体,纯化培养后平板上形成明显的噬菌斑,且噬菌斑形态呈圆形、透亮,轮廓分明,无晕环。
噬菌体的透射电镜结果如图1所示,头部形态均为正多面体、结构对称,尾部长度约116 nm,直径约22 nm,根据冯书章等对国际病毒分类委员会标准的说明,形态符合有尾噬菌体目(Caudovirales),肌尾噬菌体科(Myovirida),于是将它命名为将其命名为vB_EcoM_E6[11]。
用51株大肠杆菌测定了vB_EcoM_E6的裂解谱(表1),其中可以裂解36株大肠杆菌,裂解率高达70.6 %,表明噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6具有广谱性。
噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6最佳MOI测定结果如图2A所示,当MOI=0.001时,其最终效价最高,因此可以确定vB_EcoM_E6的最佳MOI为0.001。
噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6在不同的MOI组中,抑制大肠杆菌生长的结果如图2B所示,OP组和B组培养液的OD值全时间段无明显起伏;OB组和不同MOI组中,细菌OD600 nm随着时间变化不断增大,但所有MOI组在测定的全时间段OD600 nm值均小于OB组,说明该噬菌体对宿主菌的生长有着良好的抑制效果,且随着MOI的增大,抑菌效果越好。
pH对噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6稳定性的影响如图3A所示,噬菌体在pH=7时效价最高,在pH 3~10时,噬菌体仍能保持一定活性;但在pH<6和pH>8时,噬菌体活性有所下降,效价降低。
温度对噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6稳定性的影响如图3B所示。结果表明,噬菌体在4~50 ℃环境下静置20、40、60 min,对噬菌体效价影响较小,基本保持原有活性;在60 ℃条件下,噬菌体活性明显降低;随着温度的升高噬菌体活性逐渐降低,在温度达到80 ℃时,噬菌体完全失去活性。
噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6的一步生长曲线试验结果如图4所示,在侵染宿主菌的前20 min内效价未见明显波动,于20~90 min进入对数生长期,噬菌体效价110 min时达到峰值,90 min后噬菌体滴度增长趋势变得平缓。
噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6基因组序列总长度为137 974 bp,基因组为线性双链DNA,CG含量为39.13 %(图5)。噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6基因组共有247个CDS,在噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6的基因组中发现3个与裂解宿主菌相关的蛋白基因,未发现与抗生素耐药性、毒力基因和溶源因子相关的基因。使用NCBI中BLAST工具对vB_EcoM_E6全基因组的比对分析后,用MEGA 7构建系统发育进化树(图6),结果表明,该噬菌体与vB_EcoM_3A1SANWU以及vB_EcoM_Ro121c4YLVW来源于同一分支,相似度较高,分别为97.7%和98.1%。
观察不同处理组的小鼠病理变化,发现感染了大肠杆菌E6的小鼠表现出了明显的病变,如图7~10所示,其肝脏、肺脏、脾脏、肠道均表现明显的充血、出血、炎性细胞大量浸润,肠绒毛坏死、脱落;而肌肉注射噬菌体的治疗组的病理变化却较轻,肠绒毛相对完整,各组织器官出血、炎性细胞浸润程度减轻;噬菌体肌肉注射对照组以及生理盐水空白组则未表现出明显异常。
本研究成功筛选到一株广谱噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6,其可裂解多地区、多物种分离的大肠杆菌,拓宽了人们对噬菌体只针对特异性宿主具有裂解能力的传统认知,也说明噬菌体疗法有着更大的潜力。有研究表明,噬菌体裂解谱的差异和噬菌体表面的蛋白、脂多糖等相关[12],这表明广谱噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6可能在裂解菌体方面存在某些机制。
通过基因组测序发现该噬菌体并不具有溶源性基因、毒力基因以及耐药基因。近些年来发现,许多噬菌体会从宿主菌中获取耐药基因、毒力基因等不利于临床治疗的基因,还有噬菌体会以溶源基因携带者的状态存在,这会增加耐药基因在细菌之间传播的概率[13],相比之下本研究中分离得到的噬菌体在临床治疗的研究中会有更多的优势。
pH和温度都能在一定程度上的影响噬菌体的生长,在通过试验测定pH和温度对噬菌体生长速度、裂解效率的影响之后,可以通过对pH和温度的控制来促进噬菌体生长、加强其裂解效率,使其能够更快度过裂解的潜伏期,进入快速生长期,从而使抑菌能力达到峰值。
每一株噬菌体的最佳MOI可能会有较大的差异,最佳MOI值越大,裂解同等数量的宿主菌所需要的噬菌体就越多,相较于MOI较大的噬菌体,例如宋智婕等[14]分离的PJNE213,本试验分离的噬菌体在增殖、裂解细菌时将有更大的优势。如果未来需要制备商业化的噬菌体产品,就需要在保证噬菌体滴度的情况下保证足够多的产量,以此来减少噬菌体制剂的生产成本,相比其他大肠杆菌噬菌体[15],vB_EcoM_E6的最佳MOI为0.001,有着更加强大的增殖能力。
一步生长曲线展示了vB_EcoM_E6对于开始裂解前的潜伏期的度过较迅速,相比潜伏期长的噬菌体,例如孙利厂等 [16]分离的V_EcoM_C1,同时间段可以生产出更多子代噬菌体,更有利于发挥抗菌作用。现有的研究表明,噬菌体在裂解细菌的同时,能够顺应宿主菌的变化,因此在使用噬菌体治疗时,噬菌体可以裂解发生突变而对抗生素和噬菌体产生耐受的菌株。因此可以推测,噬菌体和抗生素的联合治疗效果将会大于噬菌体或抗生素单独治疗,但噬菌体和抗生素的抗菌机制可能会存在冲突的情况,迄今为止也只有少数研究解决了他们之间的机制冲突问题,因此它们之间的联合使用,尽管可以提供一种新的治疗思路,但仍需进行研究[17]。
在本试验中,在小鼠感染大肠肝菌E6后,使用vB_EcoM_E6肌肉注射进行治疗可以能够减轻小鼠临床症状和病理变化,大大提高了感染小鼠的生存率。近些年来噬菌体治疗细菌感染的研究成为了热点,许多研究人员也不断尝试着在生产实践中应用噬菌体制剂,Jhandai等[18]从养殖场的污水中分理处一株大肠杆菌噬菌体vB_EcoS_PJ16,将其用于预防雏鸡大肠杆菌感染,并取得了良好的效果。因此,尽管存在着困难和挑战,但噬菌体作为新型的抑菌剂仍然有着巨大的前景。
噬菌体vB_EcoM_E6在不同温度和酸碱度下表现出了良好的适应性,不具有耐药基因和毒力基因,展现出了针对多地区、多物种分离的大肠杆菌的广谱裂解性,并且有可能通过联合其他噬菌体或抗菌药物达到更加良好的抗菌效果。因此该噬菌体有潜力制成临床防治大肠杆菌病的制剂。
该动物研究已获得批准,本研究中涉及动物试验的所有操作均按照西北农林科技大学伦理委员会的规定进行(批准号DY2022009),本研究遵循当地法规和机构要求。
  • 陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设(2023KXJ-273)
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2026年第57卷第3期
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doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.037
  • 接收时间:2025-06-17
  • 首发时间:2026-09-16
  • 出版时间:2026-03-23
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-17
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陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设(2023KXJ-273)
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    1.西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌 712100
    2.咸阳职业技术学院,咸阳 712000

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王兴龙,主要从事动物传染病防控研究,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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