Article(id=1307013467920167293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.019, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1754323200000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789545893888, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1774195200000, pubDateStr=2026-03-23, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789545893888, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789545893888, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789545893888, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307013423896753139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, year='2026', volume='57', issue='3', pageStart='1177', pageEnd='1776', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774195200000', pubDateStr='2026-03-23', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789545883392, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789609930841, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307282058464743901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307282058464743902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013423896753139, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1385, endPage=1397, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307013468184408446, articleId=1307013467920167293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=EN, title=Effect of Glucose on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cultured Cashmere Goat Secondary Dermal Papilla Cells in Vitro, columnId=1307007413870158054, journalTitle=Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, columnName=ANIMAL GENETICS AND BREEDING, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study aimed to explore the effect of glucose on the proliferation, migratory capacity, and programmed cell apoptosis of in vitro-cultured secondary dermal papilla cells (DPCs) derived from Yanshan cashmere goats. Skin samples were collected from healthy male Yanshan cashmere goats aged about 6 months old. Secondary hair follicles were then harvested from this tissue, and the derived DPCs were subjected to a process of extraction and purification. A growth curve was established after cell counting. The purified DPCs population was then subjected to a random distribution across 5 groups, each containing 6 replicate cultures. Glucose solutions of 0 (control group), 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 were added to the culture medium, respectively. The proliferation ability of DPCs was evaluated by the CCK-8 method at 2, 12, 24 and 48 h of culture. A cell scratch assay was conducted to evaluate the migratory capacity of DPCs, while the extent of apoptosis was quantified via flow cytometry following Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining. The transcriptional responses to glucose exposure were assessed by real-time qPCR, measuring the mRNA abundance of key proliferation markers (PCNA, CCND1) and apoptosis regulators (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, FGF21, FGF5, P53). Furthermore, Western blot analysis was performed to determine the effect of glucose on the expression of corresponding functional proteins, including the proliferation- and anti-apoptosis-related factors (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2), as well as the pro-apoptotic executors (Bax, Caspase-3). The results demonstrated that at the 12-hour time point, both 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 glucose treatments significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration rates of DPCs (P<0.05), while concurrently suppressing apoptosis (P<0.05). Further investigation revealed these concentrations markedly upregulated the mRNA expression of proliferation- and anti-apoptosis-related genes (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2) (P<0.05), and downregulated transcripts of key apoptosis-associated genes (Bax, Caspase-3, FGF21, FGF5, P53) (P<0.05). At the protein level, the 100 μg·mL-1 treatment significantly elevated the expression of proliferation and anti-apoptotic markers (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2) and reduced pro-apoptotic Bax protein (P<0.05). Conversely, the 200 μg·mL-1 glucose group specifically induced a pronounced downregulation of the critical apoptosis executor Caspase-3 (P<0.05). In conclusion, the pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects observed in cashmere goat DPCs following treatment with 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 glucose are mediated through a dual regulatory mechanism. This involves the coordinated transcriptional and translational upregulation of key proliferative markers (PCNA, CCND1) and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, concurrent with the suppression of specific apoptosis-related transcripts (FGF21, FGF5, P53) and both the gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic mediators Bax and Caspase-3.

, authors=Yiran WANG, Chunhui DUAN, Xuyang WANG, Wen ZHAO, Ao LI, Yueqin LIU, Yingjie ZHANG, authorsList=Yiran WANG, Chunhui DUAN, Xuyang WANG, Wen ZHAO, Ao LI, Yueqin LIU, Yingjie ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yingjie ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
ZHANG Yingjie, E-mail:
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旨在探讨葡萄糖对体外培养燕山绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞(DPCs)增长、迁移、凋亡的影响。本研究选取6月龄左右健康雄性燕山绒山羊皮肤若干,完整分离次级毛囊后从中提取、纯化DPCs,细胞计数并绘制DPCs生长曲线。将纯化后的DPCs随机分为5组,每组6个重复,分别在培养基中添加0(对照组)、25、50、100和200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖溶液,在培养2、12、24与48 h时,采用CCK-8法评估DPCs的增殖能力,细胞划痕试验测定DPCs迁移能力,并通过Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法结合流式细胞术分析其凋亡水平,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测葡萄糖对DPCs增殖相关基因(PCNA、CCND1)、凋亡相关基因(Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、FGF21、FGF5、P53)mRNA表达水平和Western blot检测葡萄糖对DPCs增殖与抗凋亡相关蛋白(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)以及促凋亡相关蛋白(Bax、Caspase-3)的表达水平。结果表明,在12 h时,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组均可显著促进DPCs的增殖率与迁移率(P<0.05),抑制DPCs的凋亡(P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,100 μg·mL-1、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著上调增殖与抗凋亡相关基因(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),显著下调凋亡相关基因(Bax、Caspase-3、FGF21、FGF5、P53)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。其中,100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组的增殖与抗凋亡相关蛋白(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)表达量显著上升,凋亡相关蛋白Bax表达量显著下降(P<0.05),200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著下调凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3表达(P<0.05)。综上,100与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖通过上调增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1和抗凋亡相关基因Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达量,下调凋亡相关基因FGF21、FGF5、P53 mRNA以及Bax和Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达量,促进绒山羊DPCs增殖、抑制其凋亡。

, authors=王一冉, 段春辉, 王旭洋, 赵雯, 李傲, 刘月琴, 张英杰, authorsList=王一冉, 段春辉, 王旭洋, 赵雯, 李傲, 刘月琴, 张英杰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张英杰, authorNote=

王一冉,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
张英杰,主要从事反刍动物营养研究,E-mail:
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王一冉,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:

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王一冉,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:

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A. The fully developed secondary hair follicle with intact structure; B-D. Primary DPCs at in vitro culture day 5, 10, and 20; E, F. Subcultured DPCs at passage 3 (P3) and passage 5 (P5)

, figureFileSmall=Rr5w6TVGRE6xde30GS4p3A==, figureFileBig=f1kPDqD3MdG+WVttuRTWuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459551694864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图1, caption=次级毛囊的DPCs分离及原代培养

A为发育成熟的次级毛囊;B、C、D分别为第5、10、20天DPCs;E、F分别为第3代、第5代DPCs

, figureFileSmall=Rr5w6TVGRE6xde30GS4p3A==, figureFileBig=f1kPDqD3MdG+WVttuRTWuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459635580945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Growth curves of DPCs, figureFileSmall=3pR2J0BGvsdrmoJYpefAVA==, figureFileBig=/j1ZpJ47bZovbyfWczrfFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459706884114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图2, caption=DPCs生长曲线, figureFileSmall=3pR2J0BGvsdrmoJYpefAVA==, figureFileBig=/j1ZpJ47bZovbyfWczrfFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459778187283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The effect of glucose on the proliferation of DPCs

The assignment of distinct superscript letters is defined as a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), conversely, the common superscript is interpreted as no significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below

, figureFileSmall=jdKB1lqlxWtdxOgGtRVZdg==, figureFileBig=caNN80/7PQlmqoFaooezBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459857879060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图3, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs增殖的影响

不同字母标注表示组间差异显著(P<0.05),相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),下同

, figureFileSmall=jdKB1lqlxWtdxOgGtRVZdg==, figureFileBig=caNN80/7PQlmqoFaooezBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281459954348053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The effect of glucose on the migration capacity of dermal papilla cells (DPCs)

A represents the influence of different concentrations of glucose on the migration rate of DPCs within 24 hours; B represents the influence of different concentrations of glucose on the migration rate of DPCs at 24 hours

, figureFileSmall=OEqJQjM+IoIWmQ2gUWdk1w==, figureFileBig=nZ2nOmNaeR7qAv13bZQuTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460067594262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图4, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs迁移率的影响

A为不同浓度葡萄糖在24 h内对DPCs迁移速度的影响;B为不同浓度葡萄糖在24 h对DPCs迁移率的影响

, figureFileSmall=OEqJQjM+IoIWmQ2gUWdk1w==, figureFileBig=nZ2nOmNaeR7qAv13bZQuTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460143091735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Flow cytometry apoptosis graph of DPCs treated with different concentrations of glucose

A-E correspond to glucose concentration treatment groups of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg·mL-1,respectively, to evaluate their effects on the apoptosis process of DPCs. Q1. Normal dead cells; Q2. Late stage apoptotic or necrotic cells; Q3. Early apoptotic cells; Q4. Living cells

, figureFileSmall=hkJIu4hiqdT7zMV7xij1Nw==, figureFileBig=KGyjv7S2P2HWyFBAFuV/zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460214394904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同浓度葡萄糖处理DPCs的流式凋亡图

A-E分别对应0、25、50、100、200 μg•mL-1葡萄糖浓度处理组,用于评估其对DPCs凋亡进程的影响。Q1.正常死亡细胞;Q2.晚期凋亡或坏死细胞;Q3.早期凋亡细胞;Q4.活细胞

, figureFileSmall=hkJIu4hiqdT7zMV7xij1Nw==, figureFileBig=KGyjv7S2P2HWyFBAFuV/zw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460285698073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Impact of 12 hours exposure to different glucose concentrations on the apoptosis of cashmere goat dermal papilla cells (DPCs), figureFileSmall=9Z0szbEgBJXaFCz44weSMQ==, figureFileBig=x3ZK80dpYI4EwaDkQZQdIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460361195546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同浓度葡萄糖处理12 h后对绒山羊DPCs凋亡的影响, figureFileSmall=9Z0szbEgBJXaFCz44weSMQ==, figureFileBig=x3ZK80dpYI4EwaDkQZQdIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460470247451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Effects of glucose on the expression of proliferation-related genes in DPCs

A. Effects of glucose on the expression of PCNA in DPCs; B. Effects of glucose on the expression of CCND1 in DPCs

, figureFileSmall=AuCdBQXCEPSyWM5aeErNMA==, figureFileBig=0TzoYgKOFrm6Wa0ys9Csjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460537356316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图7, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs增殖相关基因表达的影响

A.葡萄糖对DPCs的PCNA表达的影响;B.葡萄糖对DPCs的CCND1表达的影响

, figureFileSmall=AuCdBQXCEPSyWM5aeErNMA==, figureFileBig=0TzoYgKOFrm6Wa0ys9Csjg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460646408221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=The influence of glucose on the expression of proliferation-related proteins in DPCs

A. Effect of glucose on PCNA expression in DPCs; B. Effect of glucose on CCND1 expression in DPCs; C. Western blot analysis of PCNA and CCND1 proteins expression

, figureFileSmall=2w0kWNXk+dujBIK5eCBdIA==, figureFileBig=HzY+qFvnVmoQfUjzBTzcNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281460797403166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图8, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs增殖相关蛋白表达的影响

A. 葡萄糖对DPCs的PCNA表达的影响;B. 葡萄糖对DPCs的CCND1表达的影响;C. PCNA、CCND1蛋白表达的Western blot结果

, figureFileSmall=2w0kWNXk+dujBIK5eCBdIA==, figureFileBig=HzY+qFvnVmoQfUjzBTzcNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281462470930463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Effects of glucose on the expression of apoptosis-related genes in DPCs

A. Effects of glucose on Bcl-2 mRNA expression in DPCs; B. Effect of glucose on P53 mRNA expression in DPCs; C. Effect of glucose on Caspase-3 gene expression in DPCs; D. Effect of glucose on FGF21 mRNA levels in DPCs; E. Effect of glucose on FGF5 gene expression in DPCs; F. Effect of glucose on pro-apoptotic Bax mRNA expression in DPCs

, figureFileSmall=Nn/pqG7rrE/vDCFQQO8CXg==, figureFileBig=B7LJ3d/woBjdJHXQ/4HLeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281462542233632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图9, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs凋亡相关基因表达的影响

A.葡萄糖对DPCs的Bcl-2 mRNA表达的影响;B.葡萄糖对DPCs的P53 mRNA表达的影响;C.葡萄糖对DPCs的Caspase-3 mRNA表达的影响;D.葡萄糖对DPCs的FGF21 mRNA表达的影响;E.葡萄糖对DPCs的FGF5 mRNA表达的影响;F.葡萄糖对DPCs的Bax mRNA表达的影响

, figureFileSmall=Nn/pqG7rrE/vDCFQQO8CXg==, figureFileBig=B7LJ3d/woBjdJHXQ/4HLeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281462613536801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=The influence of glucose on the expression of anti-apoptotic related proteins in DPCs

A. Effect of glucose on Bcl-2 expression in dermal papilla cells (DPCs); B. Effect of glucose on Bax expression in dermal papilla cells (DPCs); C. Effect of glucose on Caspase-3 expression in dermal papilla cells (DPCs); D. Western blot analysis of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 proteins expression

, figureFileSmall=YWCfeO9fs1UTDQDcFnOM1Q==, figureFileBig=nUHhkERqG0hsPmdbh1zQow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281462676451362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=图10, caption=葡萄糖对DPCs抗凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响

A.葡萄糖对DPCs的Bcl-2表达的影响;B.葡萄糖对DPCs的Bax表达的影响;C.葡萄糖对DPCs的Caspase-3表达的影响; D. Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达的Western blot结果

, figureFileSmall=YWCfeO9fs1UTDQDcFnOM1Q==, figureFileBig=nUHhkERqG0hsPmdbh1zQow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307281462739365923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primers sequence

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

基因

Gene

序列号

Sequence number

引物序列

Primer sequence

产物长度/bp

Productslength

GAPDHXM 005680968.3F: CTGCCCGTTCGACAGATAGC; R: ATGCGGCCGAATCCGTT95
CCND1XM 018043271.1F: GATCAGATGTGACCCGGACT; R: TTGGGGTCCAAGTTCTGCTG102
PCNAXM 005688167.3F: GAACCTCACCAGCATGTCCA; R: TGCCAAGGTGTCCGCATTAT91
BaxXM 013971446.2F: AAACTGGTGCTCAAGGCCC; R: ACTTCAGCGACTCAGCCAAG148
Bcl-2NM 001314213.1F: TCATGTGTGTGGAGAGCGTC; R: CTCCACAAAGGCGTCCCAG134
Caspase-3NM 001286089.1F: GACGACATGGCCTGTCAGAA; R :CGCCAGGAAAAGTAACCAGG83
P53XM 005693530 3F: CTGGTCTCCGGGGTCATCTA; R: TTGTGTGGCCGCCGAAG87
FGF21XM 005692688 3F: GCGGGTCTGTCTGGATATAAA; R: CTCAGATGGCTGCTTCAGTA118
FGF5XM 013964679.2F: CCGCGATACACAGAACTGAA; R: ATCTTGGCAGAAAGTGGGTAG129
), ArticleFig(id=1307281462873583652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013467920167293, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

基因

Gene

序列号

Sequence number

引物序列

Primer sequence

产物长度/bp

Productslength

GAPDHXM 005680968.3F: CTGCCCGTTCGACAGATAGC; R: ATGCGGCCGAATCCGTT95
CCND1XM 018043271.1F: GATCAGATGTGACCCGGACT; R: TTGGGGTCCAAGTTCTGCTG102
PCNAXM 005688167.3F: GAACCTCACCAGCATGTCCA; R: TGCCAAGGTGTCCGCATTAT91
BaxXM 013971446.2F: AAACTGGTGCTCAAGGCCC; R: ACTTCAGCGACTCAGCCAAG148
Bcl-2NM 001314213.1F: TCATGTGTGTGGAGAGCGTC; R: CTCCACAAAGGCGTCCCAG134
Caspase-3NM 001286089.1F: GACGACATGGCCTGTCAGAA; R :CGCCAGGAAAAGTAACCAGG83
P53XM 005693530 3F: CTGGTCTCCGGGGTCATCTA; R: TTGTGTGGCCGCCGAAG87
FGF21XM 005692688 3F: GCGGGTCTGTCTGGATATAAA; R: CTCAGATGGCTGCTTCAGTA118
FGF5XM 013964679.2F: CCGCGATACACAGAACTGAA; R: ATCTTGGCAGAAAGTGGGTAG129
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葡萄糖对体外培养绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞增殖、凋亡的影响
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王一冉 , 段春辉 , 王旭洋 , 赵雯 , 李傲 , 刘月琴 , 张英杰
畜牧兽医学报 | 遗传育种 2026,57(3): 1385-1397
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畜牧兽医学报 |遗传育种 2026 , 57 (3) : 1385 -1397
葡萄糖对体外培养绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞增殖、凋亡的影响
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王一冉 , 段春辉, 王旭洋, 赵雯, 李傲, 刘月琴, 张英杰
作者信息
  • 河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定 071000
通讯作者:
张英杰,主要从事反刍动物营养研究,E-mail:
作者简介:

王一冉,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:

Effect of Glucose on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cultured Cashmere Goat Secondary Dermal Papilla Cells in Vitro
Yiran WANG , Chunhui DUAN, Xuyang WANG, Wen ZHAO, Ao LI, Yueqin LIU, Yingjie ZHANG
Affiliations
  • College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China
  • Corresponding Author:
    ZHANG Yingjie, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-03-23 doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.019
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旨在探讨葡萄糖对体外培养燕山绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞(DPCs)增长、迁移、凋亡的影响。本研究选取6月龄左右健康雄性燕山绒山羊皮肤若干,完整分离次级毛囊后从中提取、纯化DPCs,细胞计数并绘制DPCs生长曲线。将纯化后的DPCs随机分为5组,每组6个重复,分别在培养基中添加0(对照组)、25、50、100和200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖溶液,在培养2、12、24与48 h时,采用CCK-8法评估DPCs的增殖能力,细胞划痕试验测定DPCs迁移能力,并通过Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法结合流式细胞术分析其凋亡水平,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测葡萄糖对DPCs增殖相关基因(PCNA、CCND1)、凋亡相关基因(Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、FGF21、FGF5、P53)mRNA表达水平和Western blot检测葡萄糖对DPCs增殖与抗凋亡相关蛋白(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)以及促凋亡相关蛋白(Bax、Caspase-3)的表达水平。结果表明,在12 h时,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组均可显著促进DPCs的增殖率与迁移率(P<0.05),抑制DPCs的凋亡(P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,100 μg·mL-1、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著上调增殖与抗凋亡相关基因(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),显著下调凋亡相关基因(Bax、Caspase-3、FGF21、FGF5、P53)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。其中,100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组的增殖与抗凋亡相关蛋白(PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2)表达量显著上升,凋亡相关蛋白Bax表达量显著下降(P<0.05),200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著下调凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3表达(P<0.05)。综上,100与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖通过上调增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1和抗凋亡相关基因Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达量,下调凋亡相关基因FGF21、FGF5、P53 mRNA以及Bax和Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达量,促进绒山羊DPCs增殖、抑制其凋亡。

葡萄糖  /  绒山羊  /  次级毛乳头细胞  /  增殖  /  凋亡  /  基因表达

This study aimed to explore the effect of glucose on the proliferation, migratory capacity, and programmed cell apoptosis of in vitro-cultured secondary dermal papilla cells (DPCs) derived from Yanshan cashmere goats. Skin samples were collected from healthy male Yanshan cashmere goats aged about 6 months old. Secondary hair follicles were then harvested from this tissue, and the derived DPCs were subjected to a process of extraction and purification. A growth curve was established after cell counting. The purified DPCs population was then subjected to a random distribution across 5 groups, each containing 6 replicate cultures. Glucose solutions of 0 (control group), 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 were added to the culture medium, respectively. The proliferation ability of DPCs was evaluated by the CCK-8 method at 2, 12, 24 and 48 h of culture. A cell scratch assay was conducted to evaluate the migratory capacity of DPCs, while the extent of apoptosis was quantified via flow cytometry following Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining. The transcriptional responses to glucose exposure were assessed by real-time qPCR, measuring the mRNA abundance of key proliferation markers (PCNA, CCND1) and apoptosis regulators (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, FGF21, FGF5, P53). Furthermore, Western blot analysis was performed to determine the effect of glucose on the expression of corresponding functional proteins, including the proliferation- and anti-apoptosis-related factors (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2), as well as the pro-apoptotic executors (Bax, Caspase-3). The results demonstrated that at the 12-hour time point, both 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 glucose treatments significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration rates of DPCs (P<0.05), while concurrently suppressing apoptosis (P<0.05). Further investigation revealed these concentrations markedly upregulated the mRNA expression of proliferation- and anti-apoptosis-related genes (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2) (P<0.05), and downregulated transcripts of key apoptosis-associated genes (Bax, Caspase-3, FGF21, FGF5, P53) (P<0.05). At the protein level, the 100 μg·mL-1 treatment significantly elevated the expression of proliferation and anti-apoptotic markers (PCNA, CCND1, Bcl-2) and reduced pro-apoptotic Bax protein (P<0.05). Conversely, the 200 μg·mL-1 glucose group specifically induced a pronounced downregulation of the critical apoptosis executor Caspase-3 (P<0.05). In conclusion, the pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects observed in cashmere goat DPCs following treatment with 100 and 200 μg·mL-1 glucose are mediated through a dual regulatory mechanism. This involves the coordinated transcriptional and translational upregulation of key proliferative markers (PCNA, CCND1) and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, concurrent with the suppression of specific apoptosis-related transcripts (FGF21, FGF5, P53) and both the gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic mediators Bax and Caspase-3.

glucose  /  cashmere goats  /  secondary hair dermal papilla cells  /  proliferation  /  apoptosis  /  gene expression
王一冉, 段春辉, 王旭洋, 赵雯, 李傲, 刘月琴, 张英杰. 葡萄糖对体外培养绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞增殖、凋亡的影响. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1385 -1397 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.019
Yiran WANG, Chunhui DUAN, Xuyang WANG, Wen ZHAO, Ao LI, Yueqin LIU, Yingjie ZHANG. Effect of Glucose on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cultured Cashmere Goat Secondary Dermal Papilla Cells in Vitro[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1385 -1397 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.019
燕山绒山羊是绒肉兼用型品种,产绒量高、绒细且肉质较好[1]。羊绒纤维细腻柔软,保暖性佳,光泽度高,因而成为珍贵的纺织原料[2]。羊绒由绒山羊皮肤中的次级毛囊产生,纤维柔软、纤细、有光泽、保暖、舒适、轻盈且富有弹性,是纺织业中最高品质的天然纤维材料[3],次级毛囊的发育周期呈现显著的季节性波动,在此期间,他们会经历生长期(细胞增殖期)、退行期(细胞凋亡期)和休止期(相对静止期)3个阶段[4]。生长期尤为关键,在这个阶段,毛基质细胞通过毛乳头细胞供给营养使之增殖和分化形成新的毛干,向上生长形成新的纤维。次级毛乳头细胞是一类由真皮层在表皮信号诱导下聚集形成的特殊成纤维细胞,它们通过分泌多种生长因子(如VEGF、FGF等)调控毛囊生物学过程,包括激活毛囊干细胞、调节角质形成细胞的增殖与分化,并在毛囊周期中发挥关键作用[5]。因此,探究次级毛乳头细胞对绒山羊次级毛囊发育的影响,对于提升羊绒产量具有重要意义。
大量研究表明,通过在饲料中补充能量和蛋白质等物质可以提高羊绒和羊毛产量。秦佳鑫等[6]通过冬季实施精准营养调控策略,使得育成期绒山羊羊绒纤维伸长率提高,体重增长速率和绒毛产量均呈现显著改善。Wang等[7]在秋冬时期对妊娠期阿尔巴斯绒山羊进行补饲,可以提高妊娠绒山羊的产绒性能、生长和繁殖力,改善其子代次级毛囊发育。林颖等[8]通过建立体外毛囊培养模型,系统评估了梯度浓度生物素对毛囊生长发育的调控作用,发现添加0.50 mg·L-1的生物素可以显著提高次级毛囊的生长速度。
葡萄糖作为机体主要能量来源,在新陈代谢中起着重要的作用,主要参与糖酵解、三羧酸循环和磷酸戊糖途径[9],为细胞提供ATP[10]及NADPH[11]。有研究发现葡萄糖是维持组蛋白乙酰化的必要条件[12],这对毛发诱导基因的表达至关重要。同样,能量代谢已被证明是毛囊生长过程中的主要信号之一,特别是乳酸脱氢酶,在激活毛囊干细胞中发挥着重要作用[13]。其中,血糖水平的波动直接影响体内多种激素的分泌,这些激素在毛囊的周期性生长中发挥着关键作用。胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1)是其中重要的调节因子。其中IGF-1已被证实能够刺激绒山羊毛囊的体外生长。血糖升高会刺激胰岛素的分泌,而胰岛素能够促进IGF-1的产生[14]。但当葡萄糖浓度过高时,大量的活性氧物质(reactive oxygen species,ROS)将在细胞内产生,这些物质不仅加速端粒缩短,还会诱发DNA损伤反应,进而引发与衰老相关的细胞生长停滞[15⁃17]。
目前,体外添加葡萄糖对于绒山羊DPCs增殖、凋亡的影响报道较少。葡萄糖对绒山羊次级毛乳头细胞增殖、凋亡的作用机制尚不明确,阐明其作用机制将有助于提升绒山羊的产绒性能。因此,本试验旨在探究体外添加葡萄糖对绒山羊DPCs增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响,为探究葡萄糖对绒山羊羊绒生长调控奠定基础。
于2024年10月,选择3只6月龄、处于山羊绒毛生长阶段的健康雄性燕山绒山羊,进行皮肤样本采集。具体操作步骤为:首先剔除肩胛骨后缘选定区域的羊毛,并用碘伏消毒处理;随后对试验羊肌肉注射0.5 mL 0.25%麻醉剂(procaine);使用10 mm一次性皮肤打孔器(GEDK-D10)获取皮肤组织样本若干,后对羊只伤口消毒并喷洒青霉素粉进行包扎处理,每天换药处理,直至痊愈。样本经75%乙醇溶液浸泡消毒30~40 s后,用含6%双抗的PBS缓冲液冲洗3次至表皮无血,最后置于含6%双抗的DMEM培养液中转运至实验室。
根据课题组前期的报道方法分离DPCs[18]。皮肤样本经75%酒精浸泡60 s进行消毒,用PBS冲洗3次并去除脂肪与结缔组织后切分为1 mm2小块,加0.25%中性蛋白酶置于37℃ 2~4 h。在体式显微镜下提取完整次级毛囊置于含1 mL完全培养基的离心管中,1 500 r·min-1离心5 min,弃废液,加入400 μL 2.5 mg·mL-1 IV型胶原酶,37 ℃静置消化15 min,后加1.2 mL完全培养基终止消化,1 500 r·min-1离心5 min后弃上清,PBS混匀,500 r·min-1离心5 min,弃上清,PBS再次混匀,800 r·min-1离心5 min,弃上清。加1 mL完全培养基,混匀,过滤后接种至25 cm2培养瓶,加完全培养基至5 mL,置于37 ℃,5% CO₂培养箱中并定期更换培养基。
DPCs纯化:DPCs培养至完整的单层,PBS清洗2次,每次2 min,4 mL 0.25%胰蛋白酶于37 ℃消化3 min,弃废液,含10%胎牛血清的高糖培养基吹打贴壁细胞,弃废液,4 mL 2 mg·mL-1的胶原酶D,37 ℃ 20 min,弃废液,含10%胎牛血清的高糖培养基吹打细胞至细胞悬液,将其接种于新培养瓶中,37 ℃,5% CO2,2 h,弃去未贴壁细胞,已贴壁的细胞即为纯化后的DPCs。
收集第5、8、10代培养的DPCs,以0.5×104·孔-1种植在24孔板上。在10 d试验期间,每日使用血细胞计数板对3孔细胞进行计数,通过多次测量取平均值记录细胞数量。分别对5、8、10代培养的DPCs制作生长曲线。
细胞数/L=(计数板4个角细胞总数/4)×
104×稀释倍数。
选取P5代处于对数增殖期的细胞,0.25%胰蛋白酶室温吹吸消化为悬液。计算细胞密度,按8×10³·孔-1接种于96孔培养板(每组设6个平行孔),37 ℃、5% CO₂培养箱中培养24 h。加入0、25、50、100和200 μg·mL-1的葡萄糖溶液,分别处理2、12、24与48 h后参照CCK-8试剂盒说明书操作,置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中孵育2.5 h后,使用多功能酶标仪在450 nm波长进行检测,获取OD值后通公式计算得到细胞增殖活力数值。
后续试验使用葡萄糖促进DPCs增殖效果最佳培养时间(12 h)进行细胞迁移、凋亡及增殖凋亡相关基因检测。
待细胞生长至80%~90%,2 mL PBS清洗2次,2 mL 0.25%胰蛋白酶室温消化2 min,以5×105·孔-1细胞接种于6孔板,37 ℃、5% CO2,24 h,弃废液,2 mL PBS清洗2次,使用200 μL无菌无酶枪头在6孔板中垂直划线,2 mL PBS去除脱落细胞,随后分别在6孔板中加入0、25、50、100、200 μg·mL-1的葡萄糖溶液,每个浓度3个重复。24 h后使用显微镜观察并拍照。根据细胞间隙面积并计算迁移率。
细胞样品经PBS缓冲液离心洗涤(1 000 r·min-1,5 min×2)后,收集约5×10⁵个细胞,用500 μL结合缓冲液重悬细胞沉淀。随后依次加入5 μL Annexin V-FITC荧光标记物和5 μL Propidium Iodide(PI)染色液,混匀后置于室温避光条件下反应5~15 min。用流式细胞仪(FACS Callibur,BD,USA)检测,Annexin V-FITC荧光通路为FL1-H,PI荧光通路为FL2-H,应用FlowJo软件分析细胞凋亡数据。
采用高纯度RNA提取试剂盒,分离组织总RNA,经核酸浓度测定仪检测,筛选OD260 nm/OD280 nm比值符合1.8~2.0质量标准的样本用于后续试验。随后利用反转录试剂盒处理RNA样品,并通过逆转录反应合成cDNA。
基于NCBI参考序列设计特异性引物(引物信息见表1),选用GAPDH作为管家基因进行表达量校正。通过实时定量PCR技术,系统评估不同葡萄糖浓度处理下DPCs中关键功能基因的表达变化,包括:细胞增殖标志物(PCNA、CCND1);凋亡相关基因(Bax、Caspase-3、P53、Bcl-2、FGF5、FGF21);试验数据通过2-ΔΔCT相对定量法进行统计分析。
用Western blot方法分别检测PCNA、CCND1、Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达的情况。收集各组培养12 h的DPCs,测定蛋白浓度并经SDS变性后,取60 μg总蛋白上样,采用5%浓缩胶(60 V)和8%~13%分离胶(80 V)进行SDS-PAGE电泳约2 h。电泳结束后,将PVDF膜经甲醇活化20 s,置于含5%甲醇的Tris-Glycine缓冲液中平衡5 min,凝胶同步平衡30 min。随后在冷却条件下以100 V恒压转膜2 h(转膜时间依目标蛋白分子量适当调整),转印完成后将膜浸于T-TBS中室温摇育60 min。之后加入含3%脱脂奶粉的T-TBS配制的一抗,4 ℃孵育过夜,再用T-TBS洗涤5 min;随后加入含2%脱脂奶粉的T-TBS配制的二抗,室温孵育1 h,T-TBS洗涤5 min。最后采用ECL工作液孵育1 min,于暗室中使用X光胶片曝光,经显影定影后采集图像并分析灰度值。
试验数据经Excel整理后,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)比较组间差异,并对存在统计学意义的数据进一步使用Duncan多重比较检验。P<0.05表示差异显著。采用GraphPad prism 8.0软件制作图表。
由图1可知,通过显微分离获得结构完整的单个次级毛囊,DPCs形态清晰可辨(图1A)。体外培养5 d后,可观察到梭形或梨形DPCs从毛囊中迁出(图1B);培养至第10天时,DPCs迁移现象更为明显,细胞呈放射状从毛乳头区域向外扩展(图1C);培养20 d后,培养容器中可见大量增殖的DPCs(图1D),随着培养时间延长,DPCs的胞体明显增大,形状由最初的三角形向长梭形演变,类似成纤维细胞。经纯化培养后,P3和P5 DPCs在培养过程中形态未发生异常,同时展现出稳定的增殖能力(图1E和图1F)。
由图2可知,通过连续培养DPCs至第5、8、10代并绘制生长曲线,发现各代细胞均呈现典型的“S”型生长动力学特征,依次经历潜伏期、指数增长期、平缓期和衰退期4个阶段。结果显示,当细胞培养至7天时,P5细胞数量为6.8×104,P8细胞数量为5.9×104,P10细胞数量为5.3×104,表明随着传代次数增加,细胞增殖活力呈现逐渐减弱的趋势,表现为群体倍增时间延长和最大细胞密度降低。
由图3可知,细胞增殖率随着葡萄糖浓度增高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。当培养DPCs 2、24与48 h时,100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组细胞增殖率显著高于对照组、25、50与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组(P<0.05),其中培养48 h时,200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组细胞增殖率显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。当DPCs培养12 h时,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组细胞增殖率显著高于对照组、25 μg·mL-1与50 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组,且细胞活性最好,因此后续试验选择培养时间为12 h。
由图4可知,与对照组、添加25和50 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组相比,添加100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组细胞划痕宽度明显减少(图4A)、细胞迁移率显著提高(P<0.05)(图4B)。
图5A、5B、5C、5D和5E分别为0、25、50、100和200 μg·mL-1组DPCs凋亡结果。由图6可知,随着葡萄糖浓度增加,早期凋亡率、晚期或坏死率和总凋亡率呈先降低后升高的趋势,100与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组总凋亡率分别为3.7%与3.9%,显著低于0、25、50 μg·mL-1组(P<0.05)。其中100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组细胞凋亡率最低,但与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组差异不显著(P>0.05)。
利用RT-qPCR及Western blot检测葡萄糖处理12 h后对DPCs增殖相关基因及蛋白表达的影响见图7和图8。由图可知,DPCs增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1 mRNA及其蛋白表达随葡萄糖浓度的升高均呈先升高后降低的趋势。与对照组、25 μg·mL-1、50 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组相比,100与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖PCNA、CCND1的mRNA表达量显著上调(P<0.05),且100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著上调了增殖蛋白PCNA和CCND1的表达(P<0.05),与CCK-8细胞增殖活力结果一致,这表明100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖培养DPCs 12 h可以通过促进增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1 mRNA和蛋白的表达促进DPCs的增殖。
利用RT-qPCR及Western blot检测葡萄糖处理12 h后对DPCs凋亡相关基因及蛋白表达的影响见图9和图10。与对照组、25 μg·mL-1、50 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组相比,100 μg·mL-1与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著上调抗凋亡基因Bcl-2,下调促凋亡相关基因Bax、Caspase-3、P53、FGF21、FGF5 mRNA表达量(P<0.05),进一步研究发现,其中100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著上调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达(P<0.05),100 μg·mL-1与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组与其他组相比显著下调凋亡蛋白Bax的表达(P<0.05)、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组与其他组相比显著下调凋亡蛋白Caspase-3的表达(P<0.05)。这与流式凋亡结果相一致,表明100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组通过上调抗凋亡基因Bcl-2 mRNA与蛋白表达量,下调凋亡相关基因Bax、Caspase-3、P53、FGF21、FGF5 mRNA表达量以及Bax 蛋白表达量,200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组下调促凋亡相关基因Bax、Caspase-3、P53、FGF21、FGF5 mRNA表达量与Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达量抑制DPCs的凋亡。
毛囊是哺乳动物成年后仍具有周期性再生能力的微型器官,通常由间充质和上皮隔室组成,两者间的密切相互作用对毛发周期性再生起决定性作用[19,20]。毛乳头(DP)通过分泌多种生长因子调控毛囊角质形成细胞的增殖与分化,而DPCs在毛囊发育、再生及毛发周期调控中起关键作用[21⁃23]。谢贝[24]研究表明,成纤维细胞在特定条件下可被诱导转化为次级毛乳头细胞,从而促进毛囊的生长发育。前人研究表明,氨基酸类物质如半胱氨酸的浓度变化通过调控增殖与凋亡相关基因从而显著影响成纤维细胞和DPCs的增殖活性[25⁃26],说明能量物质可以促进DPCs增殖,但葡萄糖作为重要的能量来源对DPCs的研究鲜有报道。本研究发现,随着葡萄糖添加浓度增加,细胞增殖活性和迁移率呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,培养DPCs 12 h时,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组显著升高DPCs的增殖活力,对迁移率影响最大,其中100 μg·mL-1组效果最佳。说明适宜时间适量浓度葡萄糖可促进DPCs增殖与迁移,而过量则可能引起不良影响。
PCNA是一种参与DNA复制和修复的蛋白质,作为真核细胞DNA复制的加工因子起着关键作用,可以与多种蛋白质相互作用,从而协调DNA复制、DNA损伤修复、染色体组装和姐妹染色单体粘连等过程[27⁃29],其可以反映细胞的增殖状态,其表达指数越高,表明细胞增殖速度越快,增殖能力越强[30]。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在绒毛发育过程中发挥着重要作用[31],CCND1(Cyclin D1)作为Wnt/β- catenin信号通路的重要下游靶基因,是细胞周期调控网络中的关键因子,为细胞周期蛋白D型家族(Cyclin Ds,CCNDS)的核心成员,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在调控CCND1的表达中起着核心作用,在细胞增殖调控中发挥正向促进作用[32,33]。Tu等[34]发现,通过let-7i-3p抑制CCND1抑制了细胞周期、增殖与迁移。本试验中,100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组对增殖基因PCNA、CCND1 mRNA及蛋白的表达量影响最大,说明适量浓度葡萄糖可以通过上调CCND1 mRNA及蛋白表达量促进Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,进而促进DPCs的增殖与迁移。
细胞凋亡是一种有序的、依赖能量的细胞程序性死亡的过程。有研究发现,葡萄糖代谢与细胞凋亡过程密切相关。其可通过调控线粒体凋亡通路关键蛋白(如Bcl-2家族蛋白)的表达水平及caspase级联反应的激活状态,进而影响细胞的存活或凋亡[35]。本研究中,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组能够显著降低DPCs的凋亡率。
成纤维生长因子家族(FGFs)是一类重要的细胞信号蛋白,在细胞发育、修复和代谢中发挥着多种功能,主要参与多种细胞代谢,如葡萄糖代谢、脂类代谢和矿物质代谢[36,37]。研究表明,成纤维生长因子家族(FGFs)在毛发及其他皮肤附属器官的发育及生长调节过程中起着一定作用[38]。其中,FGF5已被证实为抑制毛发生长的因子,其表达水平升高会导致人类毛发发育周期提前进入休止期[39]。Dong等[40]研究表明,FGF21可能是影响毛囊周期的关键基因,并可能促进毛囊从生长期向退行期的转变。王妞[41]研究表明,FGF5和FGF21通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路来抑制DPCs增殖相关基因PCNA的表达;下调FGF5、FGF21的表达量促进DPCs增殖,抑制DPCs的凋亡。本研究中,100、200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组能够显著下调FGF5、FGF21的表达量。说明适当葡萄糖浓度可以通过下调FGF21与FGF5表达促进Wnt/β- catenin信号通路来促进DPCs的增殖。
细胞凋亡主要通过蛋白质家族(包括Bcl-2家族和Caspase家族)的内在和外在途径协同调节而实现的[42]。Bax与Bcl-2分别为凋亡促进基因与凋亡抑制基因。Caspase-3作为半胱天冬酶家族的关键成员,在细胞程序性死亡过程中发挥核心作用[43]。Li等[44]的研究表明,Caspase-3在罗通达酸诱导的细胞凋亡中起着关键作用。P53是一种重要的抑癌基因,存在于大多数正常细胞中,是一种重要的细胞应激感受器,研究表明其具有强大的促进肿瘤细胞细胞周期停滞或凋亡的能力[45⁃47]。P53已被证明在自噬调节中发挥关键作用[48]。本试验中,100 μg·mL-1葡萄糖处理组显著促进抗凋亡基因Bcl-2 mRNA与蛋白表达量,显著抑制促凋亡相关基因BaxCaspase-3与P53 mRNA表达量以及Bax蛋白表达量,200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖组下调促凋亡相关基因Bax、Caspase-3与P53 mRNA表达量与Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达量抑制DPCs的凋亡。
可见,适当浓度葡萄糖处理可显著增强DPCs的抗凋亡能力。Caspase-3表达的下调提示葡萄糖可能通过调控Caspase依赖性凋亡通路中的关键效应分子Caspase-3来抑制DPCs凋亡。
100与200 μg·mL-1葡萄糖通过上调增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1和抗凋亡相关基因Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达量,下调凋亡相关基因FGF21、FGF5、P53 mRNA以及Bax和Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达量。此研究结果为进一步阐明葡萄糖调控毛囊发育的分子机制提供了重要依据,也为通过营养调控促进绒山羊次级毛囊发育、提高绒毛产量和品质提供了应用策略。
  • 农业生物育种重大专项(2023ZD0405102)
  • 国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38)
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2026年第57卷第3期
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doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.019
  • 接收时间:2025-08-05
  • 首发时间:2026-09-16
  • 出版时间:2026-03-23
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05
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农业生物育种重大专项(2023ZD0405102)
国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38)
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    河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定 071000

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张英杰,主要从事反刍动物营养研究,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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