Article(id=1307013323531244352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.029, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1747324800000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789545859462, onlineDateStr=2026-09-16, pubDate=1771776000000, pubDateStr=2026-02-23, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789545859462, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789545859462, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789545859462, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1307013104081068276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, year='2026', volume='57', issue='2', pageStart='569', pageEnd='1176', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771776000000', pubDateStr='2026-02-23', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789545807142, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789609910854, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1307281975350419753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1307281975350419754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, issueId=1307013104081068276, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=922, endPage=932, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1307013323887760193, articleId=1307013323531244352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=EN, title=Crystal Structure and Function Analysis of NSP4 Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NADC30-like Strain, columnId=1307007432299930010, journalTitle=Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, columnName=PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major pathogen that poses a serious threat to the global swine industry. Its non-structural protein NSP4, as a 3C-like serine protease (3CLSP), cleaves viral multiproteins at the junctions between other conserved domains, playing a critical role in viral transcription and replication. This study aims to elucidate the structural features and enzymatic activity of the NSP4 protein, providing a theoretical basis for the development of antiviral small-molecule drugs targeting NSP4. This study used the PRRSV NADC30-like strain as the research object. The PRRSV nsp4 gene was cloned into the pGEX-6p vector, induced for expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and purified to obtain high-purity protein. Crystallization conditions were screened using the drop-plate method, and the 1.47 Å high-resolution crystal structure of NSP4 was determined using X-ray crystallography. Its enzymatic activity was measured in vitro using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The results showed that PRRSV NSP4 consists of three domains: the N-terminal β-barrel domain (I, residues 12-69), the middle β-barrel domain (II, residues 89-153), and the C-terminal α/β domain (III, residues 159-190). Further active site prediction identified the substrate-binding pocket of NSP4 as composed of Ser-19, Met-20, and His-39, providing a target for structure-based inhibitor design. In vitro enzyme activity experiments showed that the catalytic efficiency of PRRSV NADC30-like strain NSP4 toward the substrate, Kcat/Km, was 411.38 L·(mol·s)-1, and the substrate affinity, Km, was 23.28 μmol·L-1. This study reports the high-resolution structure and enzyme kinetic characteristics of the PRRSV NADC30-like strain NSP4, laying an important foundation for structure-based antiviral drug design and screening.

, authors=Yu ZHOU1, Feifan ZHAO1, Hesheng ZHAO4, Liming YAN3, Xiangmin LI1, Zhiyong LOU3, Ping QIAN1, 2, authorsList=Yu ZHOU, Feifan ZHAO, Hesheng ZHAO, Liming YAN, Xiangmin LI, Zhiyong LOU, Ping QIAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhiyong LOU, Ping QIAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
QIAN Ping, E-mail:
LOU Zhiyong, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1307013331538170709, articleId=1307013323531244352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, language=CN, title=猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30like毒株NSP4蛋白晶体结构及功能解析, columnId=1307007432459313564, journalTitle=畜牧兽医学报, columnName=预防兽医, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)是一种严重危害全球养猪业的重要病原体,其非结构蛋白NSP4作为3C样丝氨酸蛋白酶(3CLSP),在其他保守的结构域间连接处切割病毒多蛋白,在病毒的转录复制过程中发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在解析NSP4蛋白、结构特征及酶活性,为靶向NSP4的抗病毒小分子药物研发提供理论依据。本研究以PRRSV NADC30 like毒株为研究对象,通过克隆PRRSV nsp4基因至pGEX-6p载体,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达并纯化获得高纯度蛋白。利用悬滴法筛选结晶条件,结合X射线晶体学技术解析了NSP4的1.47 Å高分辨率晶体结构,并通过荧光共振能量转移体外测定其酶活性。结果显示,PRRSV NSP4由三个结构域组成:N端β桶结构域(Ⅰ,残基12-69)、中间β桶结构域(Ⅱ,残基89-153)和C端α/β结构域(Ⅲ,残基159-190)。进一步通过活性位点预测,明确了NSP4的底物结合口袋由Ser-19、Met-20、His-39等关键残基构成,为基于结构的抑制剂设计提供了靶点。体外酶活试验表明,PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4对底物的催化效率Kcat/Km为411.38 L·(mol·s)-1,且底物亲和力Km=23.28 μmol·L-1。本研究报道了PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4的高分辨率结构及酶动力学特征,为基于结构的抗病毒药物设计与筛选奠定了重要基础。

, authors=周雨1, 赵飞帆1, 赵贺盛4, 闫利明3, 李祥敏1, 娄智勇3, 钱平1, 2, authorsList=周雨, 赵飞帆, 赵贺盛, 闫利明, 李祥敏, 娄智勇, 钱平, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=娄智勇, 钱平, authorNote=

周雨,主要从事猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒相关研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
钱平,主要从事动物病原的感染与免疫机制、新型疫苗与诊断试剂、微生物资源发掘与新药创制以及猪病综合防控的研究,E-mail:
娄智勇,主要从事高致病性病毒感染和复制、与宿主相互作用过程中的分子机制,以及对病毒生命过程进行调控的手段研究,E-mail:
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周雨,主要从事猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒相关研究,E-mail:

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NSP4[J].Front Microbiol,2025,16:1549008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307282403400115016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Z,XIAO C,HUANG W,et al.Discovery of Flavonol derivatives as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus inhibitors[J].Bioorg Med Chem Lett,2025,121:130162., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1307282403479806793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHA H,ZHANG H,LUO Q,et al.Variations in the NSP4 gene of the type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolated in China from 1996 to 2021[J].Virus Genes,2023,59(1):109-120., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1307282400849978158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, awardId=2022YFD1800800, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1800800), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1307282389995119328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282390003507937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, companyId=1307282389995119328, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Discovery and Utilisation,Huazhong Agricultural 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remark=3.清华大学医学院和生命科学学院蛋白质科学重点实验室,北京 100084)]), AuthorCompany(id=1307282392046133993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282392050328298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, companyId=1307282392046133993, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Drugs,School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1307282392058716907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, companyId=1307282392046133993, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.南开大学生命科学学院和药学院药物化学生物学国家重点实验室,天津 300071)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1307282397037355800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Graph of PRRSV NSP4 protein expression purification results

A. PRRSV NSP4 protein Superdex200 10/300 GL increase Plot of molecular sieve chromatography results. The horizontal coordinate shows the elution volume and the vertical coordinate corresponds to the UV absorbance value at 280 nm; B. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results corresponding to the elution peaks, and the protein bands were all around 21.6 ku

, figureFileSmall=+LNEqQCTPDkp8rF895qYCQ==, figureFileBig=tNGcvZXgonv3M9OSKqopQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397167379227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图1, caption=PRRSV NSP4蛋白表达纯化结果

A. PRRSV NSP4蛋白Superdex200 10/300 GL increase分子筛层析结果图。横坐标显示洗脱体积,纵坐标对应280 nm波长下的紫外吸光值;B. 对应洗脱峰的十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果,蛋白质条带均在21.6 ku左右

, figureFileSmall=+LNEqQCTPDkp8rF895qYCQ==, figureFileBig=tNGcvZXgonv3M9OSKqopQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397301596956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=PRRSV NSP4 protein crystals

A. PRRSV NSP4 optimized protein crystals with specific crystallization conditions of pooling solution (0.1 mol·L-1 HEPES sodium pH 7.5, 0.8 mol·L-1 Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, 0.8 mol·L-1 Potassium phosphate monobasic) and crystallization temperature of 16 ℃; B. PRRSV NSP4 crystals for X-ray diffraction

, figureFileSmall=kMoCBnbHsdQ1A21pf7hdZw==, figureFileBig=zJp3uA9Hra5/Z5s033tvlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397406454557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图2, caption=PRRSV NSP4蛋白晶体

A. PRRSV NSP4优化后的蛋白晶体,具体结晶条件是池液(0.1 mol·L-1 HEPES sodium pH 7.5, 0.8 mol·L-1 Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, 0.8 mol·L-1 Potassium phosphate monobasic)、结晶温度16 ℃;B.用于X射线衍射的PRRSV NSP4晶体

, figureFileSmall=kMoCBnbHsdQ1A21pf7hdZw==, figureFileBig=zJp3uA9Hra5/Z5s033tvlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397528089374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Plot of PRRSV NSP4 structure correction results

A. Agreement of PRRSV NSP4 structure model with electron density map; B. Dihedral angle distribution of amino acid residues of PRRSV NSP4. Light pink indicates the optimal zone, light yellow indicates the permissive zone, and white indicates the impermissible zone

, figureFileSmall=7Z92iGDvPrfWyMe8bWsWfQ==, figureFileBig=zmyIviLV/RvuiFODB9KHcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397616169759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图3, caption=PRRSV NSP4结构修正结果

A. PRRSV NSP4结构模型与电子密度图吻合度;B. PRRSV NSP4的氨基酸残基二面角分布。浅粉色表示最适区,浅黄色表示允许区,白色表示不允许区

, figureFileSmall=7Z92iGDvPrfWyMe8bWsWfQ==, figureFileBig=zmyIviLV/RvuiFODB9KHcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397708444450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Structural model of PRRSV NSP4 and distribution of temperature factors

A. PRRSV NSP4 modified protein structure model, presented in “cartoon” format; B. Temperature factor (B-factor) distribution of PRRSV NSP4 modified protein structural model, blue color and small size represent low temperature factor, and red color and large size represent high temperature factor

, figureFileSmall=woV76qL722GrJwf6nsRy8g==, figureFileBig=TTCug/R43Cm67WBpnnTExA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397842662179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图4, caption=PRRSV NSP4结构模型及温度因子分布图

A. PRRSV NSP4修正后的蛋白结构模型,以“Cartoon”形式呈现;B. PRRSV NSP4修正后的蛋白结构模型的温度因子(B-因子)分布图,蓝色且细小代表温度因子低,红色且粗大代表温度因子高

, figureFileSmall=woV76qL722GrJwf6nsRy8g==, figureFileBig=TTCug/R43Cm67WBpnnTExA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282397939131172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Crystal structure of PRRSV NSP4

A. The overall structure of PRRSV NSP4 is shown in cartoon form. Structural domain I is shown in blue, structural domain II in green, and structural domain III in yellow; B. The same PRRSV NSP4 structure is shown in topological form; C. Structural alignment between PRRSV NSP4 (blue) and EAV NSP4 (light pink); D. Structural alignment between PRRSV NSP4 and the reference structure 3FAN

, figureFileSmall=WVFrLVikhN3PPNzjCgW4NA==, figureFileBig=JqEIgOY3ZEq3INeJ9ORVGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398094320421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图5, caption=PRRSV NSP4晶体结构

A. PRRSV NSP4整体结构以卡通形式展示。结构域Ⅰ显示为蓝色,结构域Ⅱ显示为绿色,结构域Ⅲ显示为黄色;B.相同的PRRSV NSP4结构以拓扑形式表示;C. PRRSV NSP4(蓝色)和EAV NSP4(浅粉色)之间的结构对齐;D. PRRSV NSP4和参考结构3FAN之间的结构对齐

, figureFileSmall=WVFrLVikhN3PPNzjCgW4NA==, figureFileBig=JqEIgOY3ZEq3INeJ9ORVGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398186595110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=PRRSV NSP4 substrate binding pocket, figureFileSmall=mSZTbHs20yszZhTbFpZSog==, figureFileBig=3Rjw039t2vdH4lqatXXDWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398262092583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图6, caption=PRRSV NSP4底物结合口袋, figureFileSmall=mSZTbHs20yszZhTbFpZSog==, figureFileBig=3Rjw039t2vdH4lqatXXDWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398375338792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Mechanistic curve of PRRSV NSP4 enzyme activity

A. Standard curve of substrate concentration versus fluorescence value; B. Initial velocity of catalytic reaction at different substrate concentrations V0

, figureFileSmall=8VjlNeRyeaRvYeoX2I7YPg==, figureFileBig=PJUaFnozIDgXk6TYePuP2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398467613481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=图7, caption=PRRSV NSP4酶活动力学曲线

A.底物浓度与荧光值的标准曲线;B.不同底物浓度下的催化反应初速度V0

, figureFileSmall=8VjlNeRyeaRvYeoX2I7YPg==, figureFileBig=PJUaFnozIDgXk6TYePuP2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1307282398564082474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

PRRSV NSP4 crystal diffraction data processing statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数名称 Parameter namePRRSV NSP4
X射线 X-raySSRF BL17U1
波长/Å Wavelength0.979
分辨率范围/Å Resolution range42.24~1.47(1.54~1.47)
空间群Space groupC 1 2 1
晶胞参数Cell parameters
a/Å,b/Å,c/Å111.43,46.21,42.25
α/°,β/°,γ/°90,110.91,90
Rmerge/%5.8
I/σI11.900
完整度/% Completeness97.1
衍射点数目 Number of diffraction points33 127
R-work/R-free0.205 1/0.226 1
原子数目 Atom number
蛋白质原子数Atom number of protein1 472
溶剂原子数Atom number of solvent69
平均B因子/Å2 Average B-factor25.85
r.m.s.d
键长/Å Bond length0.005 8
键角/° Bond angle0.87
拉式图Ramachandran plot
最适区/% Favored region96.28
允许区/% Allowed region3.72
), ArticleFig(id=1307282398694105899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PRRSV NSP4晶体衍射数据处理统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数名称 Parameter namePRRSV NSP4
X射线 X-raySSRF BL17U1
波长/Å Wavelength0.979
分辨率范围/Å Resolution range42.24~1.47(1.54~1.47)
空间群Space groupC 1 2 1
晶胞参数Cell parameters
a/Å,b/Å,c/Å111.43,46.21,42.25
α/°,β/°,γ/°90,110.91,90
Rmerge/%5.8
I/σI11.900
完整度/% Completeness97.1
衍射点数目 Number of diffraction points33 127
R-work/R-free0.205 1/0.226 1
原子数目 Atom number
蛋白质原子数Atom number of protein1 472
溶剂原子数Atom number of solvent69
平均B因子/Å2 Average B-factor25.85
r.m.s.d
键长/Å Bond length0.005 8
键角/° Bond angle0.87
拉式图Ramachandran plot
最适区/% Favored region96.28
允许区/% Allowed region3.72
), ArticleFig(id=1307282398845100844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

PRRSV NSP4 crystal structure correction results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数名称 Parameter namePRRSV NSP4
分辨率范围/Å Resolution range38.82~1.47
衍射点数目 Number of diffraction points33 127
R-work/R-free0.205 1/0.226 1
原子数目 Atom number
蛋白质原子数 Atom number of protein1 472
溶剂原子数 Atom number of solvent69
平均B因子/Å2 Average B-factor25.85
r.m.s.d
键长/Å Bond length0.005 8
键角/° Bond angle0.87
拉式图 Ramachandran plot
最适区/% Favored region96.28
允许区/% Allowed region3.72
), ArticleFig(id=1307282400623485741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1306274286668972124, articleId=1307013323531244352, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PRRSV NSP4晶体结构修正结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数名称 Parameter namePRRSV NSP4
分辨率范围/Å Resolution range38.82~1.47
衍射点数目 Number of diffraction points33 127
R-work/R-free0.205 1/0.226 1
原子数目 Atom number
蛋白质原子数 Atom number of protein1 472
溶剂原子数 Atom number of solvent69
平均B因子/Å2 Average B-factor25.85
r.m.s.d
键长/Å Bond length0.005 8
键角/° Bond angle0.87
拉式图 Ramachandran plot
最适区/% Favored region96.28
允许区/% Allowed region3.72
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30like毒株NSP4蛋白晶体结构及功能解析
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周雨 1 , 赵飞帆 1 , 赵贺盛 4 , 闫利明 3 , 李祥敏 1 , 娄智勇 3 , 钱平 1, 2
畜牧兽医学报 | 预防兽医 2026,57(2): 922-932
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畜牧兽医学报 |预防兽医 2026 , 57 (2) : 922 -932
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30like毒株NSP4蛋白晶体结构及功能解析
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周雨1 , 赵飞帆1, 赵贺盛4, 闫利明3, 李祥敏1, 娄智勇3 , 钱平1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.华中农业大学农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
  • 2.华中农业大学洪山实验室,武汉 430070
  • 3.清华大学医学院和生命科学学院蛋白质科学重点实验室,北京 100084
  • 4.南开大学生命科学学院和药学院药物化学生物学国家重点实验室,天津 300071
通讯作者:
钱平,主要从事动物病原的感染与免疫机制、新型疫苗与诊断试剂、微生物资源发掘与新药创制以及猪病综合防控的研究,E-mail:
娄智勇,主要从事高致病性病毒感染和复制、与宿主相互作用过程中的分子机制,以及对病毒生命过程进行调控的手段研究,E-mail:
作者简介:

周雨,主要从事猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒相关研究,E-mail:

Crystal Structure and Function Analysis of NSP4 Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NADC30-like Strain
Yu ZHOU1 , Feifan ZHAO1, Hesheng ZHAO4, Liming YAN3, Xiangmin LI1, Zhiyong LOU3 , Ping QIAN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Discovery and Utilisation,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China
  • 2.Hongshan Laboratory,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China
  • 3.Key Laboratory of Protein Science,School of Medicine and Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • 4.State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Drugs,School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China
  • Corresponding Author:
    QIAN Ping, E-mail:
    LOU Zhiyong, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-02-23 doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.029
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)是一种严重危害全球养猪业的重要病原体,其非结构蛋白NSP4作为3C样丝氨酸蛋白酶(3CLSP),在其他保守的结构域间连接处切割病毒多蛋白,在病毒的转录复制过程中发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在解析NSP4蛋白、结构特征及酶活性,为靶向NSP4的抗病毒小分子药物研发提供理论依据。本研究以PRRSV NADC30 like毒株为研究对象,通过克隆PRRSV nsp4基因至pGEX-6p载体,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达并纯化获得高纯度蛋白。利用悬滴法筛选结晶条件,结合X射线晶体学技术解析了NSP4的1.47 Å高分辨率晶体结构,并通过荧光共振能量转移体外测定其酶活性。结果显示,PRRSV NSP4由三个结构域组成:N端β桶结构域(Ⅰ,残基12-69)、中间β桶结构域(Ⅱ,残基89-153)和C端α/β结构域(Ⅲ,残基159-190)。进一步通过活性位点预测,明确了NSP4的底物结合口袋由Ser-19、Met-20、His-39等关键残基构成,为基于结构的抑制剂设计提供了靶点。体外酶活试验表明,PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4对底物的催化效率Kcat/Km为411.38 L·(mol·s)-1,且底物亲和力Km=23.28 μmol·L-1。本研究报道了PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4的高分辨率结构及酶动力学特征,为基于结构的抗病毒药物设计与筛选奠定了重要基础。

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒  /  非结构蛋白  /  晶体结构  /  酶活性

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major pathogen that poses a serious threat to the global swine industry. Its non-structural protein NSP4, as a 3C-like serine protease (3CLSP), cleaves viral multiproteins at the junctions between other conserved domains, playing a critical role in viral transcription and replication. This study aims to elucidate the structural features and enzymatic activity of the NSP4 protein, providing a theoretical basis for the development of antiviral small-molecule drugs targeting NSP4. This study used the PRRSV NADC30-like strain as the research object. The PRRSV nsp4 gene was cloned into the pGEX-6p vector, induced for expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and purified to obtain high-purity protein. Crystallization conditions were screened using the drop-plate method, and the 1.47 Å high-resolution crystal structure of NSP4 was determined using X-ray crystallography. Its enzymatic activity was measured in vitro using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The results showed that PRRSV NSP4 consists of three domains: the N-terminal β-barrel domain (I, residues 12-69), the middle β-barrel domain (II, residues 89-153), and the C-terminal α/β domain (III, residues 159-190). Further active site prediction identified the substrate-binding pocket of NSP4 as composed of Ser-19, Met-20, and His-39, providing a target for structure-based inhibitor design. In vitro enzyme activity experiments showed that the catalytic efficiency of PRRSV NADC30-like strain NSP4 toward the substrate, Kcat/Km, was 411.38 L·(mol·s)-1, and the substrate affinity, Km, was 23.28 μmol·L-1. This study reports the high-resolution structure and enzyme kinetic characteristics of the PRRSV NADC30-like strain NSP4, laying an important foundation for structure-based antiviral drug design and screening.

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus  /  non structural proteins  /  crystal structure  /  enzyme activity
周雨, 赵飞帆, 赵贺盛, 闫利明, 李祥敏, 娄智勇, 钱平. 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30like毒株NSP4蛋白晶体结构及功能解析. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026 , 57 (2) : 922 -932 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.029
Yu ZHOU, Feifan ZHAO, Hesheng ZHAO, Liming YAN, Xiangmin LI, Zhiyong LOU, Ping QIAN. Crystal Structure and Function Analysis of NSP4 Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NADC30-like Strain[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026 , 57 (2) : 922 -932 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.029
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是一种严重危害全球养猪业的传染病。该病于1987年在北美首次被发现[1],并且1990年在欧洲被报道[2]。其临床表现为母猪严重生殖衰竭和新生猪呼吸系统症状[3]。PRRS的病原为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)。PRRSV是单股、正链RNA包膜病毒,与马动脉炎病毒(equine arteritis virus,EAV)、乳酸脱氢酶升高病毒(lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus,LDV)和猿猴出血热病毒(simian hemorrhagic fever virus,SHFV)同属动脉炎病毒科,动脉炎病毒属[4]。到目前为止,已经描述了PRRSV的两种基因型:基因型1,也称为欧洲型[5];基因型2,即北美型[6]。PRRSV自从被发现以来,在猪群中广泛存在,2014年NADC30 like毒株出现在中国之后,NADC30 like毒株迅速成为中国主要流行的毒株,导致生猪生产遭受重大经济损失[7]。疫苗免疫是目前控制PRRS的主要手段,然而PRRSV的适应性进化以及抗体依赖增强反应(antibody dependent enhancement,ADE),导致疫苗保护效果有限[8]。基于现有疫苗效果不佳的现状,小分子药物引起了极大的关注,包括中草药[9]、再利用药物[10]和新化合物[11]。
PRRSV基因组长15 kb,包含至少10个开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)[12]。ORF 1a和1b约占病毒基因组的75%,编码两个多聚蛋白pp1a和pp1ab。通过病毒自身蛋白酶(NSP1α、NSP1β、NSP2和NSP4)的逐级切割,最终产生14种非结构蛋白(nonstructural protein,NSP)[13]。结构蛋白的编码则主要由ORF2至ORF7基因组区域承担,共产生8种结构组分,具体为GP2、E、GP3、GP4、GP5、ORF5a、M和N[14]。非结构蛋白NSP4高度保守,具有3个C样丝氨酸蛋白酶(3CLSP)活性[15]。NSP4作为参与多蛋白切割的3CL丝氨酸蛋白酶,在复制过程中,PL1pro和PL2pro蛋白酶切割pp1a/pp1ab的N近端区域,而3CLSP/3CL蛋白酶在其他保守的结构域间连接处切割病毒多蛋白[16]。目前对PRRSV NSP4的研究主要集中在其在信号通路、细胞凋亡和相关活性酶中的作用。例如,PRRSV对poly (I-C)诱导的IFN-β产生的抑制依赖于对NF-κB信号通路[17]的阻断;PRRSV NSP4与线粒体内膜蛋白细胞色素c1(cyto.c1)相互作用并诱导其蛋白水解切割,而cyto.c1的裂解N端片段具有凋亡活性[18];NSP4上调细胞胆固醇是PRRSV抑制宿主体内抗病毒先天免疫的一种策略[19]。PRRSV nsp4基因高度保守,在PRRSV感染早期可以检测到NSP4抗体[20]。PRRSV NSP4作为病毒的3CLSP/3CL蛋白酶是PRRSV主要蛋白酶之一,在病毒转录复制中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,对于靶向NSP4以影响PRRSV复制的潜在抑制剂知之甚少。因此,本研究聚焦于PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4的原核表达、结构解析及功能分析,以期为靶向药物设计提供理论依据。
实验菌株:本试验所用的大肠杆菌克隆菌株E. coli DH5α和表达菌株E. coli BL21(DE3)均购自北京全式金生物技术有限公司;实验毒株:PRRSV NADC30 Q毒株由本实验室分离并保存;实验载体:原核表达载体pGEX-6p由本实验室保存。
PCR反应试剂盒、DNA Gel Extraction Kit、质粒小量提取试剂盒均购自南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;GST亲和介质购自美国GE Healthcare公司;晶体筛选试剂盒IndexⅠ、IndexⅡ、Crystal ScreenⅠ、Crystal ScreenⅡ购自Hampton Research公司;24孔蛋白结晶悬滴板、CryoLoop尼龙环购自上海迅晶生物公司。
根据PRRSV NADC30 Q株的全基因序列,确定PRRSV nsp4目的基因序列目的片段为612 bp,在目的片段两端分别插入BamHⅠ/XholⅠ的酶切位点,并设计上、下游引物,本文最终确定并设计的一对针对于PRRSV nsp4的特异性引物,Primer-F:5'-CTGTTCCA- GGGGCCCCTGGGATCCGGCGCTTTTAGGAC-CCAAAAACC-3',Primer-R:5'-GTCACGATG- CGGCCGCTCGAGTTATTCCAGTTCGGGTTT-GGCAGCGAG-3',引物由北京擎科生物公司合成。
以PRRSV NADC30 Q株全基因组的序列为模板,选用上述的引物,PCR扩增PRRSV nsp4基因序列。反应条件为98 ℃,预变性30 s;98 ℃ 10 s、60 ℃ 30 s、72 ℃ 1 min,32个循环;72 ℃延伸10 min。取PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,并参照诺唯赞琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒说明书切胶回收目的基因片段。将胶回收产物与实验室保存的pGEX-6p载体进行双酶切连接,重组质粒转化至TOP10感受态中,并涂布在氨苄抗性的LB平板,37 ℃过夜培养。挑取单克隆菌落扩大培养,用质粒提取试剂盒提取质粒,选择经BamHⅠ和XholⅠ双酶切鉴定正确的质粒,送至北京擎科生物科技有限公司测序。
将测序正确的重组质粒pGEX-6p-nsp4转化至BL21感受态细胞中,涂板,37 ℃培养过夜,挑菌至含有氨苄抗性的LB培养基的摇菌管中,将摇菌管置于37 ℃,220 r·min-1条件下的摇床上过夜培养。将活化后的带有重组质粒的BL21感受态菌液,按照1∶200的比例加入到含有氨苄抗生素的LB培养基中,置于220 r·min-1 37 ℃条件的摇床上进行培养,至OD=0.6。然后加入IPTG,置于180 r·min-1 16 ℃条件的摇床上诱导3.5 h。
将诱导后的菌液在3 600 r·min-1条件下离心10 min,弃上清,用PBS重悬菌液,并破碎菌体,离心收集上清。通过GST亲和层析初步纯化,纯化后产物加入PreScission Protease(4 ℃过夜)切除GST标签。酶切后蛋白进一步通过Superdex 75凝胶过滤层析获得高纯度PRRSV NSP4蛋白。
纯化蛋白通过5×蛋白上样缓冲液处理后进行SDS-PAGE和考马斯亮蓝染色分析,目的大小正确的条带送去清华大学质谱平台,进行肽质量指纹谱分析。
纯化得到的PRRSV NSP4蛋白通过悬滴法结晶方法初步得到了PRRSV NSP4蛋白晶体,并进一步来筛选晶体生长条件,以此确定合适的结晶条件、蛋白质浓度、晶体生长温度以及结晶方法。将筛选的晶体置于防冻剂中并用液氮迅速冷冻蛋白质晶体并保存。
本试验中的晶体衍射数据收集是在上海同步辐射光源的BL02U1线站完成的,衍射参数为波长0.98 Å,光圈为50 μm,曝光时间0.1 s,晶体与探测器之间的距离为223 mm,每隔1 s收集一张,每颗晶体总计收集360张衍射图,共收集到720张衍射图。使用上海光源线站内的Aquarium软件初步处理收集。采集到的晶体数据通过XDS软件包对PRRSV NSP4晶体衍射数据进行处理,初始模型选择率先解析的去掉配体和水分子PRRSV NSP4的晶体结构(PDB ID:3FAN),使用Phenix软件包中的Phenix.phaser程序进行分子置换(molecular replacement)解析结构。并通过Coot软件对结构进行修正,并通过Phenix软件包评估模型。
用于检测PRRSV NSP4蛋白酶活性的FRET底物为MCA-GSLLEGAFRTQK-Dnp,该底物的多肽序列来源于PRRSV NSP4天然的N端自剪切序列(NSP3/NSP4),MCA为供体基团,Dnp为受体基团(或称为淬灭基团),激发波长为320 nm,发射波长为405 nm,该底物合成于上海吉尔生化有限公司(GL Biochem),纯度大于95%。在固定酶浓度(100 μmol·L-1)条件下,测量不同底物浓度下(1、3、5、10、20、30、50、100 μmol·L-1)的催化反应初速度V0。通过GraphPad Prism软件中非线性拟合曲线进行计算,得出表征酶动力学的一些特征常数Kcat和Km的值。
本研究成功构建PRRSV NSP4大肠杆菌原核表达系统,并通过多步层析技术得到符合结晶条件的高纯度蛋白。结果显示(图1A),在14 mL左右出现唯一一个狭窄的单峰,经SDS-PAGE及肽指纹鉴定鉴定,结果显示(图1B)这个峰为PRRSV NSP4蛋白。表明蛋白能够正确表达,且蛋白样品纯度高,符合晶体生长需求。
将纯化后的PRRSV NSP4蛋白溶液浓缩至5 mg·mL-1,以1∶1的体积比将蛋白样品与结晶池液混匀,通过悬滴法进行晶体生长条件的筛选。最终在结晶池液(0.1 mol·L-1 HEPES sodium pH 7.5, 0.8 mol·L-1 Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate, 0.8 mol·L-1 Potassium phosphate monobasic)、温度16 ℃、蛋白与池液比例1∶1的结晶条件下,获得晶体外形良好和尺寸较大的蛋白晶体(图2)。使用CryoLoop尼龙环捞出晶体,并迅速置于含有20%甘油的池液配制成的防冻液中浸泡数秒,转移至液氮冻存,用于后续晶体衍射试验。
通过XDS软件包对PRRSV NSP4晶体衍射数据进行处理。处理结果(表1)显示空间群为C 2 1 1,晶胞参数为a=111.43,b=46.21,c=42.25,α=90°,β=110.91°,γ=90°;整体数据的Rmerge值为5.8%,信噪比为11.1,完整度为97.1%。
通过结构解析获得PRRSV NSP4蛋白的三维构象模型,该模型包含一个由192个氨基酸残基组成的单体蛋白分子及69个配位水分子。R-work和R-free值由最初的30.52%和32.38%下降为20.51%和22.61%。具体各项修正参数的统计值见表2。
最终搭建的PRRSV NSP4蛋白质模型与电子密度吻合度良好,能够明确的模拟主链和大部分侧链原子的位置。电子密度图(图3A)分析表明,氨基酸残基主链区域普遍呈现连续电子云分布特征,同时多数侧链密度图可明确解析如图3A所示。PRRSV NSP4的拉式图(Ramachandran plot)分析显示(图3B),该模型96.28%的氨基酸残基分布于主链二面角优势区域(favored region),3.72%位于许可区域(allowed region),未检测到位于不允许区域(disallowed region)的异常构象残基。
在PRRSV NSP4结构模型中,该结构整体平均B因子为25.85 Ų,其分布特征符合典型蛋白动力学规律:核心区域B因子值相对较低,而溶剂暴露表面及柔性结构域呈现适度升高的热运动参数,与预期构象柔性变化趋势一致(图4)。
PRRSV NSP4蛋白结构分辨率为1.47 Å,空间群为C 1 2 1。每个不对称单位里面只有一个蛋白分子。在PRRSV NSP4结构中,PRRSV NSP4蛋白呈现典型的三结构域折叠模式:结构域I(残基12-69)、结构域II(残基89-153)及结构域III(残基159-190)。其拓扑结构包含两个反平行β桶核心域和一个C端α/β辅助结构域(图5A)。结构域I由六条β链(aI-fI)构成反平行β桶,并通过短α螺旋(螺旋A)形成桶状闭合结构。结构域II则包含七条β链(aII-gII),并通过一个跨越残基69-89的长环与结构域I相连(图5A)。结构域III(残基159-198)由两段反平行β折叠(aIII-bIII)和两个α螺旋构成,其中螺旋B与螺旋C呈约90°交叉排列(图5B)。此外,结构域II的N末端延伸出一条长环,其空间构象邻近结构域III区域。
通过蛋白质数据库(PDB)的Dali搜索功能,搜索出与本研究的结构具有显着结构相似性的各种蛋白质,其中EAV NSP4预计具有最高的Z分数(21.1)。作为动脉炎病毒科中NSP4的原型结构,EAV 3CLSP也折叠成三个结构域。将PRRSV NSP4整体结构域与EAV NSP4整体结构域进行叠加对边,结果见图5 C,两者整体结构相似,但在局部有较大差别,两种蛋白酶中的结构域的空间位排列完全不同。分别用分别使用PDBeFold(http://pdbe.org/fold/)和PyMOL分析均方根偏差(RMSD)显示PRRSV NSP4与EAV NSP4均方根偏差为2.67,这也表明PRRSV NSP4与EAV NSP4的结构存在明显差异。PRRSV NSP4蛋白质结构与参考结构3FAN进行了全原子(共2 801个原子)比对(图5D)。整体结构相似但存在一定差异,均方根偏差(RMSD)为4.909 Å。尤为突出的是,存在一个极端局部位移:原子编号1 398的位置偏差高达29.624 Å,远超平均值。
本研究使用分子模拟详细分析了潜在的结合位点。将参考EAV NSP4的活性位点,同时使用P2Rank在线预测网站(https://prankweb.cz/)预测了PRRSV NSP4的活性位点(图6)。PRRSV NSP4的活性位点包括His-39、Asp-64和Ser-118;此外,S1特异性口袋在动脉病毒(PRRSV和EAV)中是保守的,包括His-133和Ser-136,对应于EAV NSP4的His-134和His-137。在PRRSV NSP4中,蛋白结合口袋由Ser-19、Met-20、His-39、Asp-64、Ala-114、Cys-115、Gly-116、Asp-117、Ser-118、Gly-135、Thr-134组成。潜在的针对于PRRSV NSP4药物可能在该活性口袋通过氢键和疏水力与活性口袋相互作用,从而阻断PRRSV NSP4发挥3CLSP/3CL蛋白酶和底物的识别和结合的作用,从而抑制PRRSV复制。
在固定酶浓度(100 μmol·L-1)条件下,测定不同浓度下(0.781 25、1.562 5、3.125、6.25、12.5、25、50 μmol·L-1)的荧光底物的荧光强度变化,用GraphPad Prism软件进行线性回归分析,得到荧光强度与底物浓度之间的相应关系(图7A)。荧光强度与底物呈显著线性相关性:相关系数R2=0.998 3,相关系数大于0.99,证实该检测体系在测试浓度范围内具有良好的线性响应特性。
在本试验中,我们通过酶标仪来检测反应发生,我们通过米氏方程V=Vmax×[S]/(Km+[S])来表示反应过程。我们固定酶的浓度,测量不同底物浓度下的催化反应初速度V0试验数据显示(图7B),当底物浓度增至100 mmol·L-1时,反应速率达到平台期,表明体系接近最大反应速度(Vmax)。此时Vmax为0.103 7 μmol·(L·s)-1,我们得到PRRSV NSP4 Km值为23.28 μmol·L-1,Kcat值为0.009 577 s-1,Kcat/Km值为411.38 L·(mol·s)-1。
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)给全球猪的健康和养猪业带来了巨大挑战。尽管过去三十年来业界为开发预防和治疗措施做出了广泛努力,但仍然缺乏对PRRSV的有效治疗方案。因此,迫切需要更加完善的策略来控制这种病毒。针对PRRSV结构蛋白及非结构蛋白作为抗病毒药物作用靶点开发小分子药物成为控制病毒的新的策略。Zhu等[21]筛选出靶向PRRSV的非结构蛋白11(NSP11)的套式病毒目尿苷酸特异性内切核糖核酸酶(NendoU)结构域的小分子,该小分子可能作为一种有效的抗病毒药物,对抗由多种猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒株引起的感染,并可能作为广谱抗病毒药物用于其他套式病毒目的病毒。来源于黄芩的类黄酮化合物:黄芩素能抑制PRRSV感染,PRRSV的囊膜糖蛋白5(GP5)及基质蛋白(M)可能是黄芩素的潜在的结合靶点[22]。对于套式病毒目病毒,3CLSP和3CL蛋白酶是病毒复制的关键参与者[23]。非结构蛋白4(NSP4)是3C丝氨酸蛋白酶家族成员,具有裂解酶活性,负责NSP3-NSP12的加工,在PRRSV的生命周期和毒力中起关键作用[24]。目前,对PRRSV NSP4的研究集中在其在信号通路和细胞凋亡的作用。然而,对于靶向NSP4影响PRRSV复制的潜在抑制剂知之甚少[25]。因此,开发靶向3CLSP和3CL蛋白酶的抗病毒药物将成为预防PRRSV暴发的重要策略之一。Sha等[26]系统研究了过去20年中国PRRSV-2非结构蛋白4(NSP4)的遗传变异,不同毒株的NSP4表现出一定的氨基酸(85.8%~100.0%)和核苷酸序列相似性(81.0%~100.0%)。分析NSP4蛋白的空间结构,不仅为NSP4如何参与宿主先天反应的调控提供了理论依据,也为新药分子提供了合理的靶分子和结构。
本研究首先通过大肠杆菌原核表达系统得到了均一稳定的PRRSV NSP4蛋白。后续通过悬滴法得到PRRSV NSP4晶体。并通过X射线衍射在1.47分辨率下测定PRRSV NSP4的晶体结构。PRRSV NSP4蛋白单体酶折叠成三个结构域,整体结构类似于马动脉炎病毒的同源蛋白酶,它与PRRSV一样,同属于套式病毒目中动脉病毒科的成员。后续通过在线模拟以及与同属病毒相对比,我们预测PRRSV NSP4蛋白结合口袋由Ser-19、Met-20、His-39、Asp-64、Ala-114、Cys-115、Gly-116、Asp-117、Ser-118、Gly-135、Thr-134组成。
本研究通过荧光共振能量转移试验,在体外合成能够被PRRSV nsp4水解切割的NSP3-NSP4底物多肽,测定PRRSV NADC30毒株NSP4体外水解酶活性。通过试验我们测得NADC30毒株NSP4的Km为23.28 μmol·L-1,Kcat值为0.009 577 s-1,Kcat/Km为411.38 L·(mol·s)-1。
尽管已经确定了PRRSV NSP4的空间结构以及蛋白活性口袋,但并没有一个针对PRRSV NSP4蛋白的特异性药物被设计筛选出来。本试验解析出PRRSV NSP4蛋白高分辨率结构,基于荧光共振能量转移技术,可以做到对PRRSV NSP4特异性小分子抑制剂的高通量筛选,对抗PRRSV药物研发提供理论依据。
克隆PRRSV NADC30 like毒株nsp4基因并表达、纯化获得高纯度NSP4蛋白。经解析,发现PRRSV NSP4由三个结构域组成:N端β桶结构域(Ⅰ,残基12-69)、中间β桶结构域(Ⅱ,残基89-153)和C端α/β结构域(Ⅲ,残基159-190)。活性位点预测表明NSP4的底物结合口袋由Ser-19、Met-20、His-39等关键残基构成。体外酶活试验表明,NSP4对底物的催化效率Kcat/Km为411.38 L·(mol·s)-1,且底物亲和力Km=23.28 μmol·L-1。PRRSV NADC30 like毒株NSP4的高分辨率结构及酶动力学特征解析,为基于结构的抗病毒药物设计与筛选奠定基础。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1800800)
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doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.029
  • 接收时间:2025-05-16
  • 首发时间:2026-09-16
  • 出版时间:2026-02-23
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-16
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国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1800800)
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    1.华中农业大学农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
    2.华中农业大学洪山实验室,武汉 430070
    3.清华大学医学院和生命科学学院蛋白质科学重点实验室,北京 100084
    4.南开大学生命科学学院和药学院药物化学生物学国家重点实验室,天津 300071

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钱平,主要从事动物病原的感染与免疫机制、新型疫苗与诊断试剂、微生物资源发掘与新药创制以及猪病综合防控的研究,E-mail:
娄智勇,主要从事高致病性病毒感染和复制、与宿主相互作用过程中的分子机制,以及对病毒生命过程进行调控的手段研究,E-mail:
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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