Article(id=1280817629396976358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250713, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1758124800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1769270400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-01-25, onlineDate=1783300319288, onlineDateStr=2026-07-06, pubDate=1783094400000, pubDateStr=2026-07-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783300319288, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783300319288, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1783300319288, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1280817479555462000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='7', pageStart='3121', pageEnd='3677', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783094400000', pubDateStr='2026-07-04', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783300283564, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1783326087324, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1280925708813832745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1280925708813832746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1280817479555462000, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3451, endPage=3467, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1280817629816406759, articleId=1280817629396976358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Dominant phytoplankton communities and their relationships with Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Phytoplankton are key primary producers in marine ecosystems, and their community composition is influenced not only by environmental factors but also by biological factors such as parasitic organisms. However, the relationships between parasitic eukaryotes and phytoplankton in coastal bays remain poorly understood. Objective To investigate the community composition, seasonal succession, and interactions of dominant phytoplankton, including diatoms, dinoflagellates, and their parasitic eukaryotes, Syndiniales, in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province during summer and autumn. Methods Surface water samples were collected from Sanmen Bay in September (summer) and November (autumn) 2019. High-throughput sequencing was performed for the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene of eukaryotic microbes. Principal coordinate analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and bipartite network analysis were employed to explore the succession and interactions of diatom, dinoflagellate, and Syndiniales communities. Results Diatom communities exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, with the relative abundance of 36.9% in summer and 5.5% in autumn, being dominated by Cyclotella, Skeletonema, and Thalassiosira. Dinoflagellates showed similar relative abundance in summer (28.0%) and autumn (28.5%), being dominated by Gyrodinium, Heterocapsa, and Gymnodinium. Four Syndiniales groups (group I-IV) were detected in Sanmen Bay, with higher relative abundance in autumn (10.5%) than in summer (7.6%). Among Syndiniales, group I dominated in summer (49.1%), while group Ⅱ dominated in autumn (75.2%). Salinity, nitrate, nitrite, N:P ratio, and Si:N ratio were identified as the main drivers of the dominant phytoplankton and Syndiniales communities. Network analysis indicated that Syndiniales mainly interacted with diatoms and dinoflagellates, with higher interaction frequency in autumn than in summer. Syndiniales were identified as keystone taxa in the interaction network. Conclusion Seasonal succession of diatoms in Sanmen Bay was more pronounced than that of dinoflagellates. Syndiniales groups I and Ⅱ exhibited significant seasonal succession and maintained close interactions with diatoms and dinoflagellates, serving as key taxa in the interaction network. High-throughput sequencing overcame the limitations of microscopy in detecting Syndiniales, providing systematic insights into the community features and potential interactions of dominant phytoplankton and Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay. This study offers important insights into phytoplankton adaptation and interspecies interactions in eutrophic coastal bays.

, authors=Yumeng FENG1, Zhen BAO1, Liyue ZHANG1, Yi XU1, Fengyuan ZHANG1, Junfeng LIU2, Feng XUE2, Demin ZHANG1, Huajun ZHANG1, authorsList=Yumeng FENG, Zhen BAO, Liyue ZHANG, Yi XU, Fengyuan ZHANG, Junfeng LIU, Feng XUE, Demin ZHANG, Huajun ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Huajun ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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浮游植物是海洋中重要的初级生产者,其群落组成不仅受环境因素调控,也受生物因素(如寄生生物)的影响,但港湾中寄生性真核生物与浮游植物的关系仍有待深入研究。 目的 探究三门湾夏秋季优势浮游植物硅藻和甲藻与寄生性真核生物——共甲藻的群落组成、演替特征与互作关系。 方法 于2019年9月(夏季)和11月(秋季)在三门湾采集表层海水样品,利用高通量测序技术对真核微生物18S rRNA基因V4区进行测序;通过PCoA分析、共现网络及二分网络等方法探究硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落的演替特征及其相互关系。 结果 硅藻群落呈现显著的季节变化,夏季相对丰度为36.9%,秋季降至5.5%,主要为小环藻属(Cyclotella)、骨条藻属(Skeletonema)和海链藻属(Thalassiosira)。甲藻夏季和秋季相对丰度接近,分别为28.0%和28.5%,主要为环沟藻属(Gyrodinium)、异冒藻属(Heterocapsa)和裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium)。三门湾共检测到4个共甲藻类群(group Ⅰ-Ⅳ),秋季相对丰度为10.5%,高于夏季的7.6%;共甲藻夏季以group Ⅰ占优,占总共甲藻的49.1%,秋季以group ⅠⅠ为主,占75.2%。盐度、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氮磷比及硅氮比是优势浮游植物及共甲藻群落的主要驱动因素。网络分析发现,共甲藻主要与硅藻和甲藻互作,且秋季互作频率高于夏季;硅藻、甲藻与共甲藻互作网络中共甲藻为关键物种。 结论 三门湾硅藻群落的季节演替较甲藻更为显著,共甲藻以group I和Ⅱ为主,且具有显著的季节演替特征。共甲藻与硅藻和甲藻存在紧密的互作关系,且共甲藻为网络中的关键类群。本研究利用高通量测序技术弥补了传统镜检无法有效检测共甲藻的不足,系统揭示了三门湾优势浮游植物与共甲藻的群落特征及潜在互作关系,为理解富营养化港湾中浮游植物的适应性及种间互作提供了重要依据。

, authors=冯雨萌1, 鲍真1, 张鹂月1, 徐怡1, 张凤圆1, 刘俊峰2, 薛峰2, 张德民1, 张化俊1, authorsList=冯雨萌, 鲍真, 张鹂月, 徐怡, 张凤圆, 刘俊峰, 薛峰, 张德民, 张化俊, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张化俊, authorNote=

作者贡献声明

冯雨萌:文献查阅、数据分析与文章撰写;鲍真;样品处理与数据分析;张鹂月:样品处理;徐怡:样品整理;张凤圆:共现网络分析;刘俊峰:组织航次;薛峰:样品采集;张德民:项目管理;张化俊:项目管理,论文框架构思及文章审阅。

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Harmful Algae, 2013, 30: S62-S74., articleTitle=Parasitism of harmful dinoflagellates in Korean coastal waters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1280925065579565592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=10, issue=8, pageStart=538, pageEnd=550, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=49, authorNames=Faust K, Raes J, journalName=Nature Reviews Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Faust K, Raes J. Microbial interactions: from networks to models[J]. 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Interaction patterns and assembly mechanisms of dinoflagellates and diatoms in a coastal bay suffering from long-term eutrophication[J]. mSphere, 2024, 9(7): e00366-24., articleTitle=Interaction patterns and assembly mechanisms of dinoflagellates and diatoms in a coastal bay suffering from long-term eutrophication, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1280925067353756186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=19, issue=null, pageStart=47, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=51, authorNames=Jephcott TG, Alves-de-Souza C, Gleason FH, van Ogtrop FF, Sime-Ngando T, Karpov SA, Guillou L, journalName=Fungal Ecology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jephcott TG, Alves-de-Souza C, Gleason FH, van Ogtrop FF, Sime-Ngando T, Karpov SA, Guillou L. Ecological impacts of parasitic chytrids, syndiniales and perkinsids on populations of marine photosynthetic dinoflagellates[J]. Fungal Ecology, 2016, 19: 47-58., articleTitle=Ecological impacts of parasitic chytrids, syndiniales and perkinsids on populations of marine photosynthetic dinoflagellates, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1280925058906427871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, awardId=42576128, language=EN, fundingSource=The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42576128), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925059053228512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, awardId=42576128, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42576128), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925059158086113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, awardId=42076158, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42076158), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925059241972194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, awardId=LY22D060002, language=EN, fundingSource=The Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY22D060002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1280925059351024099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, awardId=LY22D060002, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省自然科学基金(LY22D060002), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1280925049997726093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925050010309006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, companyId=1280925049997726093, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925050073223567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, companyId=1280925049997726093, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.宁波大学 海洋学院,浙江 宁波)]), AuthorCompany(id=1280925050308104592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925050329076113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, companyId=1280925050308104592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1280925050366824850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, companyId=1280925050308104592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江 温州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1280925055718756811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Relative abundance and distribution of diatoms and dinoflagellates in Sanmen Bay. A: Relative abundance of diatoms and dinoflagellates (W9: Summer; W11: Autumn); B-C: Relative abundance of diatoms and their major genera in summer (B) and autumn (C); D-E: Relative abundance of dinoflagellates and their major genera in summer (D) and autumn (E)., figureFileSmall=PzfQDXwKZDUfWkOejt1hxQ==, figureFileBig=yMBxpaK2XB8Ert2rIefy1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925055798448588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图1, caption=三门湾中硅藻和甲藻的丰度及分布, figureFileSmall=PzfQDXwKZDUfWkOejt1hxQ==, figureFileBig=yMBxpaK2XB8Ert2rIefy1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925055928472013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Community compositions and distribution patterns of Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay. A: Composition and phylogenetic analysis of Syndiniales (The inner and outer heatmaps indicate the relative abundance of each ASV in summer and autumn, respectively. The stacked bar chart in the upper right shows the relative abundance of the four Syndiniales groups within the Syndiniales community); B-C: Distribution of Syndiniales in summer (B) and autumn (C)., figureFileSmall=1B0tqvAniXqt7yt/fveAJg==, figureFileBig=aTAxta8/T6fH8jx2IuJ1ZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056125604302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图2, caption=三门湾共甲藻类群及空间分布特征, figureFileSmall=1B0tqvAniXqt7yt/fveAJg==, figureFileBig=aTAxta8/T6fH8jx2IuJ1ZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056184324559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Seasonal variation and driving factors of diatom, dinoflagellate, and Syndiniales communities. A-C: PCoA analysis of community structure of diatoms (A), dinoflagellates (B), and Syndiniales (C) (Boxplots show the contribution of PCoA1 and PCoA2 to the variation of diatom and dinoflagellate communities); D-F: Correlation between community structure and environmental factors of diatoms (D), dinoflagellates (E), and Syndiniales (F). *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01, ***: P<0.001. W9: Summer; W11: Autumn., figureFileSmall=EhU+6BJtQpraj/1YE4TiWw==, figureFileBig=LpvTIm6VJ3BL7QKFKnW5Wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056264016336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图3, caption=硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落季节变化及其驱动因素, figureFileSmall=EhU+6BJtQpraj/1YE4TiWw==, figureFileBig=LpvTIm6VJ3BL7QKFKnW5Wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056339513809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Interactions between Syndiniales and microbial eukaryotes. A-B: Bipartite networks of Syndiniales and microbial eukaryotes in summer (A) and autumn (B)., figureFileSmall=xSkSI2GoJE0Wtl2luUChOQ==, figureFileBig=hr0nk+a/BML6PFQ73bQfEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056427594194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图4, caption=共甲藻与真核微生物的互作关系, figureFileSmall=xSkSI2GoJE0Wtl2luUChOQ==, figureFileBig=hr0nk+a/BML6PFQ73bQfEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056494703059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Co-occurrence networks of diatom, dinoflagellate, and Syndiniales. A-B: Interaction networks of diatom, dinoflagellate, and Syndiniales in summer (A) and autumn (B). Pink and green lines represent positive and negative interactions, respectively; Node size is proportional to node degree. W9: Summer; W11: Autumn. M1-M4: Module 1-4., figureFileSmall=AIZc12yJf5KTMaexzX4FQw==, figureFileBig=5Ga2Qy4yHFE+FGixxNf8tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925056586977748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图5, caption=硅藻、甲藻及共甲藻群落的共现网络, figureFileSmall=AIZc12yJf5KTMaexzX4FQw==, figureFileBig=5Ga2Qy4yHFE+FGixxNf8tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925058289865174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Composition of co-occurrence networks. A-B: Network composition at genus-level in co-occurrence networks in summer (A) and autumn (B); C: Proportion of Syndiniales in summer and autumn (W9: Summer; W11: Autumn); D-E: Relative abundance trends of Syndiniales group I, group Ⅱ, and group III in summer (D) and autumn (E)., figureFileSmall=GpX+nPA8OsV2xyy4wfl8Zw==, figureFileBig=feyqqx/Aj23T3Ak+FWMSFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925058373751255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=图6, caption=共现网络中物种组成, figureFileSmall=GpX+nPA8OsV2xyy4wfl8Zw==, figureFileBig=feyqqx/Aj23T3Ak+FWMSFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1280925058499580376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Geographic coordinates of the 34 sampling sites

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)
SM01121°36′20.3″29°13′18.6″SM02121°37′17.6″29°11′40.9″SM03121°35′41.3″29°10′20.5″
SM04121°32′35.2″29°8′17.1″SM05121°35′28.9″29°7′51.4″SM06121°36′41.8″29°8′5.1″
SM07121°37′57.2″29°8′55.2″SM08121°37′58.3″29°10′32.3″SM09121°38′51.5″29°9′34.1″
SM10121°38′32.6″29°8′13.9″SM11121°38′2.9″29°6′55.9″SM12121°40′11.4″29°8′26.6″
SM14121°40′11.8″29°7′45.4″SM15121°42′45.4″29°7′30.1″SM16121°40′50.2″29°3′4.6″
SM17121°40′4.1″29°5′14.8″SM18121°36′24.9″29°2′24.1″SM19121°38′30.6″29°3′8.3″
SM20121°41′16.6″29°4′17″SM21121°43′28.3″29°5′14.1″SM22121°45′55.4″29°7′39.7″
SM23121°47′56.8″29°9′25.5″SM24121°42′4.7″29°2′24.7″SM25121°44′44″29°4′29″
SM26121°43′30.6″29°3′26.9″SM27121°42′53.3″29°1′9.7″SM28121°41′58.1″28°59′54″
SM29121°46′0.1″29°2′47.4″SM30121°47′27.3″29°3′39.5″SM31121°43′48.4″28°59′27.2″
SM32121°45′58.3″29°0′27.1″SM33121°47′30.8″29°1′38.1″SM34121°47′30.6″29°1′38.9″
), ArticleFig(id=1280925058583466457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

34个站点经纬度信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)Sampling siteLongitude (E)Latitude (N)
SM01121°36′20.3″29°13′18.6″SM02121°37′17.6″29°11′40.9″SM03121°35′41.3″29°10′20.5″
SM04121°32′35.2″29°8′17.1″SM05121°35′28.9″29°7′51.4″SM06121°36′41.8″29°8′5.1″
SM07121°37′57.2″29°8′55.2″SM08121°37′58.3″29°10′32.3″SM09121°38′51.5″29°9′34.1″
SM10121°38′32.6″29°8′13.9″SM11121°38′2.9″29°6′55.9″SM12121°40′11.4″29°8′26.6″
SM14121°40′11.8″29°7′45.4″SM15121°42′45.4″29°7′30.1″SM16121°40′50.2″29°3′4.6″
SM17121°40′4.1″29°5′14.8″SM18121°36′24.9″29°2′24.1″SM19121°38′30.6″29°3′8.3″
SM20121°41′16.6″29°4′17″SM21121°43′28.3″29°5′14.1″SM22121°45′55.4″29°7′39.7″
SM23121°47′56.8″29°9′25.5″SM24121°42′4.7″29°2′24.7″SM25121°44′44″29°4′29″
SM26121°43′30.6″29°3′26.9″SM27121°42′53.3″29°1′9.7″SM28121°41′58.1″28°59′54″
SM29121°46′0.1″29°2′47.4″SM30121°47′27.3″29°3′39.5″SM31121°43′48.4″28°59′27.2″
SM32121°45′58.3″29°0′27.1″SM33121°47′30.8″29°1′38.1″SM34121°47′30.6″29°1′38.9″
), ArticleFig(id=1280925058646381019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Differences in surface seawater environmental factors between summer and autumn in 2019

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Environmental factorsSummerAutumnP-value
AverageSDAverageSD
Temperature/℃28.900.5719.000.32<0.000 1
Salinity/‰23.302.5524.900.750.001
COD/(mg/L)1.130.291.400.330.001
Phosphate/(mg/L)0.020.010.020.010.89
Nitrite/(mg/L)0.030.010.010.01<0.000 1
Nitrate/(mg/L)0.280.090.510.06<0.000 1
Silicate/(mg/L)1.290.442.030.24<0.000 1
N:P60.1038.7089.0042.400.001
Si:N2.270.761.990.210.07
), ArticleFig(id=1280925058738655709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1280817629396976358, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2019年夏季和秋季表层海水环境因子差异

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Environmental factorsSummerAutumnP-value
AverageSDAverageSD
Temperature/℃28.900.5719.000.32<0.000 1
Salinity/‰23.302.5524.900.750.001
COD/(mg/L)1.130.291.400.330.001
Phosphate/(mg/L)0.020.010.020.010.89
Nitrite/(mg/L)0.030.010.010.01<0.000 1
Nitrate/(mg/L)0.280.090.510.06<0.000 1
Silicate/(mg/L)1.290.442.030.24<0.000 1
N:P60.1038.7089.0042.400.001
Si:N2.270.761.990.210.07
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浙江三门湾优势浮游植物群落及其与共甲藻的关系
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冯雨萌 1 , 鲍真 1 , 张鹂月 1 , 徐怡 1 , 张凤圆 1 , 刘俊峰 2 , 薛峰 2 , 张德民 1 , 张化俊 1
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(7): 3451-3467
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微生物学报 |研究报告 2026 , 66 (7) : 3451 -3467
浙江三门湾优势浮游植物群落及其与共甲藻的关系
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冯雨萌1, 鲍真1, 张鹂月1, 徐怡1, 张凤圆1, 刘俊峰2, 薛峰2, 张德民1, 张化俊1
作者信息
  • 1.宁波大学 海洋学院,浙江 宁波
  • 2.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江 温州
作者简介:

作者贡献声明

冯雨萌:文献查阅、数据分析与文章撰写;鲍真;样品处理与数据分析;张鹂月:样品处理;徐怡:样品整理;张凤圆:共现网络分析;刘俊峰:组织航次;薛峰:样品采集;张德民:项目管理;张化俊:项目管理,论文框架构思及文章审阅。

Dominant phytoplankton communities and their relationships with Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province
Yumeng FENG1, Zhen BAO1, Liyue ZHANG1, Yi XU1, Fengyuan ZHANG1, Junfeng LIU2, Feng XUE2, Demin ZHANG1, Huajun ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
  • 2.Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
出版时间: 2026-07-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250713
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浮游植物是海洋中重要的初级生产者,其群落组成不仅受环境因素调控,也受生物因素(如寄生生物)的影响,但港湾中寄生性真核生物与浮游植物的关系仍有待深入研究。 目的 探究三门湾夏秋季优势浮游植物硅藻和甲藻与寄生性真核生物——共甲藻的群落组成、演替特征与互作关系。 方法 于2019年9月(夏季)和11月(秋季)在三门湾采集表层海水样品,利用高通量测序技术对真核微生物18S rRNA基因V4区进行测序;通过PCoA分析、共现网络及二分网络等方法探究硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落的演替特征及其相互关系。 结果 硅藻群落呈现显著的季节变化,夏季相对丰度为36.9%,秋季降至5.5%,主要为小环藻属(Cyclotella)、骨条藻属(Skeletonema)和海链藻属(Thalassiosira)。甲藻夏季和秋季相对丰度接近,分别为28.0%和28.5%,主要为环沟藻属(Gyrodinium)、异冒藻属(Heterocapsa)和裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium)。三门湾共检测到4个共甲藻类群(group Ⅰ-Ⅳ),秋季相对丰度为10.5%,高于夏季的7.6%;共甲藻夏季以group Ⅰ占优,占总共甲藻的49.1%,秋季以group ⅠⅠ为主,占75.2%。盐度、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氮磷比及硅氮比是优势浮游植物及共甲藻群落的主要驱动因素。网络分析发现,共甲藻主要与硅藻和甲藻互作,且秋季互作频率高于夏季;硅藻、甲藻与共甲藻互作网络中共甲藻为关键物种。 结论 三门湾硅藻群落的季节演替较甲藻更为显著,共甲藻以group I和Ⅱ为主,且具有显著的季节演替特征。共甲藻与硅藻和甲藻存在紧密的互作关系,且共甲藻为网络中的关键类群。本研究利用高通量测序技术弥补了传统镜检无法有效检测共甲藻的不足,系统揭示了三门湾优势浮游植物与共甲藻的群落特征及潜在互作关系,为理解富营养化港湾中浮游植物的适应性及种间互作提供了重要依据。

硅藻  /  甲藻  /  共甲藻  /  互作关系  /  三门湾

Phytoplankton are key primary producers in marine ecosystems, and their community composition is influenced not only by environmental factors but also by biological factors such as parasitic organisms. However, the relationships between parasitic eukaryotes and phytoplankton in coastal bays remain poorly understood. Objective To investigate the community composition, seasonal succession, and interactions of dominant phytoplankton, including diatoms, dinoflagellates, and their parasitic eukaryotes, Syndiniales, in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province during summer and autumn. Methods Surface water samples were collected from Sanmen Bay in September (summer) and November (autumn) 2019. High-throughput sequencing was performed for the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene of eukaryotic microbes. Principal coordinate analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and bipartite network analysis were employed to explore the succession and interactions of diatom, dinoflagellate, and Syndiniales communities. Results Diatom communities exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, with the relative abundance of 36.9% in summer and 5.5% in autumn, being dominated by Cyclotella, Skeletonema, and Thalassiosira. Dinoflagellates showed similar relative abundance in summer (28.0%) and autumn (28.5%), being dominated by Gyrodinium, Heterocapsa, and Gymnodinium. Four Syndiniales groups (group I-IV) were detected in Sanmen Bay, with higher relative abundance in autumn (10.5%) than in summer (7.6%). Among Syndiniales, group I dominated in summer (49.1%), while group Ⅱ dominated in autumn (75.2%). Salinity, nitrate, nitrite, N:P ratio, and Si:N ratio were identified as the main drivers of the dominant phytoplankton and Syndiniales communities. Network analysis indicated that Syndiniales mainly interacted with diatoms and dinoflagellates, with higher interaction frequency in autumn than in summer. Syndiniales were identified as keystone taxa in the interaction network. Conclusion Seasonal succession of diatoms in Sanmen Bay was more pronounced than that of dinoflagellates. Syndiniales groups I and Ⅱ exhibited significant seasonal succession and maintained close interactions with diatoms and dinoflagellates, serving as key taxa in the interaction network. High-throughput sequencing overcame the limitations of microscopy in detecting Syndiniales, providing systematic insights into the community features and potential interactions of dominant phytoplankton and Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay. This study offers important insights into phytoplankton adaptation and interspecies interactions in eutrophic coastal bays.

diatoms  /  dinoflagellates  /  Syndiniales  /  interactions  /  Sanmen Bay
冯雨萌, 鲍真, 张鹂月, 徐怡, 张凤圆, 刘俊峰, 薛峰, 张德民, 张化俊. 浙江三门湾优势浮游植物群落及其与共甲藻的关系. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (7) : 3451 -3467 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250713
Yumeng FENG, Zhen BAO, Liyue ZHANG, Yi XU, Fengyuan ZHANG, Junfeng LIU, Feng XUE, Demin ZHANG, Huajun ZHANG. Dominant phytoplankton communities and their relationships with Syndiniales in Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (7) : 3451 -3467 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250713
浮游植物是海洋生态系统的主要初级生产者,贡献了全球约50%的初级生产力[1],其群落变化显著影响生物地球化学循环,尤其是微生物驱动的碳循环[2]。浮游植物对环境变化的响应较为敏感,温度、盐度、营养盐和光照等环境因子的季节性变化被视为近岸海域浮游植物群落演替的关键驱动因素[3-6]。中国近海浮游植物群落主要由硅藻和甲藻主导[7]。硅藻的分布与硅酸盐供应及氮磷比、硅氮比密切相关,在河口及近岸硅输入充足的环境中更易占据优势[7];甲藻则对无机营养盐浓度的依赖较低,其分布更多受水体稳定性及营养盐结构变化的调控[7]。除环境因素外,生物因素在调控浮游植物群落结构中也发挥着关键作用,尤其是寄生性真核微生物(如共甲藻)对群落结构的影响显著[8-9],但其作用机制仍缺乏系统研究。
寄生微生物在海洋生物地球化学循环中具有重要的生态功能,其寄生过程可将高达50%的宿主生物量从食物网向微生物环传递,显著影响碳、氮等元素在海洋中的再分配[10]。海洋中,甲藻纲的共甲藻是浮游植物的主要寄生类群之一[11],寄生后可导致宿主快速死亡,并通过释放大量孢子实现群体增殖,对甲藻等浮游植物群落具有显著的调控作用[12]。研究表明,共甲藻可分为5个类群(group Ⅰ-Ⅴ),其中group Ⅰ和group Ⅱ为主要的寄生共甲藻类群[12]。然而,共甲藻因其寄生特性仍无法被有效培养[13],难以通过光学显微镜观察及定量[14],其在生态系统中的分布、季节动态及宿主互作机制仍未得到深入研究。
三门湾(28°43′-29°18′N, 121°25′-122°06′E)位于浙江省中部沿海,属亚热带季风气候,加之河流淡水注入,形成了咸淡水交汇的独特水质环境,为水产养殖提供了优越条件。然而,周边地区快速的城市化、工业化和沿海开发使污染物大量输入,加剧了三门湾的富营养化程度[15]。目前,对三门湾浮游植物的调查研究大多基于网采及显微镜观察[16-17],无法有效检测共甲藻的存在。前期研究发现,三门湾主要优势浮游植物为硅藻及甲藻,且共甲藻在群落组成中占有较高比例[18],但其与优势浮游植物的互作关系仍未被阐明。目前,部分研究利用高通量测序技术与荧光原位杂交[19]开展了共甲藻群落组成研究,但其与宿主的潜在关系仍有待深入探讨。基于此,本研究于2019年夏、秋季在三门湾采集表层海水样品,利用高通量测序技术开展三门湾优势浮游植物及共甲藻的群落组成与互作特征研究,研究结果对揭示富营养化港湾浮游植物的适应机制具有重要意义。
于2019年9月和11月,在浙江三门湾的34个站点(表1)共采集68个表层(0.5 m)海水水样,站点设计与前期研究一致[18]。采样时9月海水平均温度高于28 ℃,符合夏季水温特征,因此将该月份归为夏季,11月则为秋季。使用200 μm孔径筛绢预过滤约1 L海水,再通过0.2 μm孔径聚碳酸酯膜(Millipore公司)过滤收集微生物,将滤膜保存于-80 ℃以备后续DNA提取。原位测量表层海水温度(sea surface temperature, SST);盐度、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硅酸盐及化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand, COD)均在实验室中按照《海洋环境监测规范 第4部分:海水分析》(GB 17378.4—2007)进行测定[20]。环境因子差异采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行分析。
使用SPINeasyTM DNA Pro试剂盒(MP Biomedicals公司)提取滤膜微生物总DNA,利用NanoDrop 2000分光光度计(ThermoFisher Scientific公司)测定DNA浓度。以3NDF和V4eukR2R引物对真核微生物18S rRNA基因V4区进行扩增,引物序列及PCR扩增参考文献[21]。在Illumina HiSeq平台上进行2×250 bp双端扩增子测序。
利用QIIME 2 (v2023.7)对原始序列进行质量控制及嵌合体去除,使用DADA2算法(v1.8)进行降噪处理并生成扩增子序列变体(amplicon sequence variants, ASVs)。将各ASVs与PR2数据库[22]比对以获取分类学信息。在下游分析前剔除线粒体、叶绿体及未分类或无法识别的ASVs,最终注释获得318个硅藻ASVs和833个甲藻ASVs (含379个共甲藻ASVs)。为避免歧义,本研究后续分析中所指甲藻均不包含共甲藻类群。所有原始测序数据已提交至中国科学院北京基因组研究所(国家生物信息中心)国家基因组数据中心组学原始数据归档库(Genome Sequence Archive, GSA; https://bigd.big.ac.cn/gsa),数据编号为CRA019034。
选取序列数超过100条的共甲藻ASVs,利用MEGA软件进行系统发育分析,采用邻接法构建系统发育树,将各ASV在整体样本中的相对丰度映射为外围热图,并通过iTOL平台可视化[23]。利用主坐标分析(principal coordinates analysis, PCoA)研究硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落的季节变化特征,采用置换多元方差分析(permutational multivariate analysis of variance, PERMANOVA)评估2个季节间群落组成的差异。进一步,采用Mantel检验分析环境变量(基于欧氏距离)与硅藻、甲藻及共甲藻群落结构之间的相关性。环境因子之间的成对关系通过Pearson相关分析进行评估,并利用R包linkET (GitHub: Hy4m/linkET)对相关性结果进行可视化展示。除非另有说明,所有统计分析均在R软件(v4.3.1)中完成。
筛选至少存在于1/3样本中的ASVs进行浮游植物共现网络分析,计算所有ASVs间的Spearman相关系数,仅保留相关系数大于0.7且P值小于0.01的相关性用于网络分析。利用igraph包生成网络GML格式文件,借助Gephi 0.10.1软件[24]进行可视化处理,并计算平均度、聚类系数等拓扑特征。根据所有共甲藻ASVs与每个季节丰度前50的ASVs之间的Spearman秩相关系数,探讨共甲藻与真核微生物之间的相互作用。仅选取显著的Spearman秩相关性(P<0.05)进行二分网络分析,将相关矩阵转换为包含1和0的矩阵后,使用二分R包[25]对网络进行可视化。
夏季,水体平均温度为28.9 ℃,显著高于秋季的19.1 ℃。盐度、化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand, COD)、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐及硅酸盐在2个季节间均具有显著差异(P<0.000 1),而磷酸盐差异不显著。夏季到秋季,氮磷比显著升高(P=0.001),硅氮比无显著差异(表2)。
硅藻和甲藻为三门湾夏秋季浮游植物群落的主要优势类群(图1A)。夏季硅藻的平均相对丰度为36.9%,秋季显著降至5.5%。夏季甲藻的平均相对丰度为28.0%,秋季为28.5%;夏季共甲藻的平均相对丰度为7.6%,秋季为10.5% (图1A)。
硅藻中,小环藻属(Cyclotella)、骨条藻属(Skeletonema)和海链藻属(Thalassiosira)为主要类群,其丰度分别占硅藻总丰度的27.9%、21.1%和19.0% (图1B1C),其中小环藻属在夏季的相对丰度(30.8%)明显高于其他硅藻类群。甲藻中,环沟藻属(Gyrodinium)、异冒藻属(Heterocapsa)和裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium)为主要类群,其丰度分别占甲藻总丰度的33.3%、21.0%和19.1% (图1D1E),其中环沟藻属在夏季相对丰度较高(60.1%),秋季显著降至6.6%。
三门湾共检测到4个共甲藻类群(group I-IV),以group I和Ⅱ为主(图2A)。系统发育分析表明(图2A),group Ⅰ与剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)的系统发育关系最近,group Ⅱ与阿米巴藻(Amoebophrya)最近,且group Ⅱ的系统发育多样性最高。
共甲藻群落组成呈现显著的季节性演替(图2B2C)。夏季优势类群由group Ⅰ和group Ⅱ共同构成,分别占共甲藻总丰度的49.0%和45.9%,group Ⅲ和group Ⅳ的平均相对丰度分别仅为0.05%和0.001%。秋季group Ⅱ为主要类群,平均相对丰度达75.2%,group Ⅰ降至13.4%,group III上升至11.3% (图2B)。
PCoA分析表明(图3A-3C),硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落在夏、秋季均按季节显著聚集,季节间群落差异显著(PERMANOVA, P<0.05),PCoA第一轴的解释度分别为45.07%、42.84%和39.46%。相关性分析表明(图3D-3F),夏季硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落均与硝酸盐和磷酸盐显著相关(P<0.05),硅藻群落与氮磷比显著正相关(P<0.05),甲藻群落与硅氮比显著正相关(P<0.05),共甲藻群落与硅氮比和温度均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。秋季硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落均与硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐显著相关(P<0.05),甲藻群落与硅酸盐显著相关,共甲藻群落与硅酸盐、氮磷比及硅氮比显著相关;此外,3类群落在夏、秋两季均与盐度呈显著正相关。
基于共甲藻与真核微生物总体的二分网络分析表明,共甲藻主要与甲藻、硅藻具有潜在互作关系,且秋季的互作频率显著高于夏季(图4)。Group I和group Ⅱ是共甲藻与真核微生物互作的主要类群,group Ⅳ与真核微生物间的互作仅出现在夏季。夏季共甲藻group Ⅰ是与真核微生物互作最多的类群,其次为group Ⅱ;秋季则由group Ⅱ主导,主要与甲藻互作。
共现网络分析表明(图5A5B),硅藻、甲藻和共甲藻群落的共现网络在秋季较为复杂,包含87个节点和311条边,高于夏季的76个节点和187条边。网络中的共现关系以正相关为主,秋季正相关比例最低,为79.74%。夏季网络中硅藻占47.37%,甲藻(去除共甲藻)占27.63%,共甲藻占25.00%;参与主要互作的是硅藻的角毛藻属(Chaetoceros)及共甲藻group I-clade 4。秋季网络中甲藻占主导地位(74.71%),共甲藻与甲藻(去除共甲藻)分别占36.78%和37.93%;参与主要互作的是硅藻的羽纹硅藻类(Raphid-pennate)和甲藻的裸甲藻属。2个网络分别包含4个和5个主要模块,其中模块1的节点数量最多,分别占夏季和秋季网络的28.95%和32.18%。夏季网络中,模块1以骨条藻属和角毛藻属为主,模块2 (21.05%)以共甲藻group I-clade 4为核心;秋季网络中,模块1主要由共甲藻group I-clade1、3及共甲藻group III组成,模块2 (31.03%)以海链藻属和角毛藻属为主。
共现网络中(图6A6B),夏季网络以角毛藻属(16.90%)、骨条藻属(11.82%)、海链藻属(9.63%)等硅藻为主,甲藻中环沟藻属(25.60%)的平均相对丰度最高(图6A);共甲藻总体占比为8.91% (图6C),其中group Ⅰ平均丰度占4.70%,group Ⅱ占3.70% (图6D)。秋季网络以裸甲藻属(27.70%)、异帽藻属(20.40%)等甲藻为主,硅藻相对丰度较夏季大幅降低(图6B);共甲藻总体占比上升至20.90% (图6C),其中group Ⅱ占17.14% (图6D6E)。
高通量测序技术的应用对浮游植物的分类鉴定具有重要意义,尤其对于无明显形态特征、体积极小的寄生性真核生物(如共甲藻)具有显著优势。Wang等[26]证实,高通量测序可检测出传统镜检难以观察到的共甲藻等寄生性真核生物。本研究中三门湾硅藻的主要优势类群为骨条藻属和小环藻属,与以往基于镜检的研究结果一致[27-28];甲藻主要优势类群为环沟藻属、异帽藻属及共甲藻,而镜检研究表明[27-28]甲藻中的塔马亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)及角藻属(Ceratium)为主要优势类群。已有研究表明,高通量测序与传统镜检法获得的物种通常存在差异,如周志希等[29]通过高通量测序鉴定的物种数远高于形态学方法,且在优势类群组成上存在显著差异。
三门湾硅藻和甲藻群落组成呈现明显的季节性差异,夏季硅藻相对丰度显著高于秋季,甲藻则在秋季占据更高比例(图1)。夏季降水增强促进入海径流增加,为沿海海域输入大量营养盐,进而提高浮游植物的生物量[30]。硅藻通常具有较快的生长速率和较强的营养盐竞争能力,因此径流增强及营养盐输入增加可能是夏季硅藻为主导群落的重要原因之一。秋季硅藻相对丰度降低而甲藻比例升高可能与营养盐结构的变化密切相关。秋季较高的氮磷比及较低的硅氮比会对硅藻形成硅限制,而甲藻对硅元素无依赖性,其生长更易受氮、磷等营养盐水平及其比例的影响。因此,在秋季硅氮比较低、氮磷比较高的环境条件下,甲藻更易获得竞争优势。此外,甲藻对盐度变化具有较高的适应能力[30],使其在秋季相对温和的环境条件下更具生态优势,这可能是本研究中甲藻秋季相对丰度高于夏季的原因。
空间上,结合采样站位的地理位置(表1)可知硅藻和甲藻群落的相对丰度呈现出湾底与湾口的差异分布特征(图1),与2015-2016年在三门湾的调查结果类似[31]:硅藻的相对丰度在内湾最高、外湾最低,而甲藻在湾口的相对丰度显著高于内湾。三门湾是半封闭海湾,入海径流可带来大量N、P等营养物质,加之半封闭港湾内外湾水交换能力的差异,导致生物的丰度和组成发生变化。在高营养输入条件下,硅藻可以保持其竞争优势,甲藻则明显受到抑制[32],这可能是硅藻在湾底丰度较高而甲藻与之相反的原因之一。此外,低盐度环境更适合部分硅藻的生长繁殖,例如骨条藻和海链藻由于其环境适应性较高,在内湾这类低盐高营养环境中也能丰富存在[33],骨条藻甚至在淡水径流的稀释作用达到最大时仍可形成藻华[34]。甲藻群落在湾口丰度更高,可能与秋季冲淡水势力减弱有关[30],外海水对三门湾影响增强,所携带的浮游植物(如甲藻)更可能在外湾出现并累积。
共甲藻是一类重要的寄生性甲藻,在全球沿海生态系统中广泛分布,通常可分为5个类群(group Ⅰ-Ⅴ)[12]。Group I和group Ⅱ是沿海及富营养化海域中最常见的类群,在富营养化的波罗的海[35]、河口[9]和南大洋[36]中均有报道。本研究在三门湾检测到共甲藻的4个类群(group I-IV),以group Ⅰ和group Ⅱ为主要类群(图2)。系统发育分析表明,三门湾中所检测出的group I与剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)的亲缘关系最为接近,group Ⅱ与阿米巴藻(Amoebophrya)关系紧密,且系统发育多样性最高,与已有研究结果一致[12]
研究表明,共甲藻中的group I主要寄生于纤毛虫和硅藻,其分布变化受宿主群落动态调控[37-38],因此当三门湾夏季硅藻丰度较高时共甲藻群落以group I为主。Group Ⅱ主要寄生于多种甲藻[37,39],其时空分布特征与甲藻宿主的季节性波动高度一致[39-40],因此秋季三门湾浮游植物群落由甲藻主导时共甲藻群落以group Ⅱ为主。与河口研究结果相同[41],除宿主因素外,温度与营养盐条件也对共甲藻群落结构变化具有一定影响(图3)。本研究发现,硝酸盐、硅酸盐以及营养盐比例(氮磷比、硅氮比)与共甲藻群落变化显著相关,这与先前在富营养化水域开展的研究结果一致[42]
共甲藻在全球广泛分布,可感染海洋中不同营养水平的各种宿主[10,43]。物种互作的二分网络分析发现,共甲藻中的group I与group Ⅱ是与真核微生物发生互作的主要类群,且与硅藻、甲藻的互作最为紧密(图4)。
共现网络能够揭示物种之间的潜在联系,为了解物种间的关系提供了新的视角。在硅藻、甲藻与共甲藻互作的网络中,正相关关系占主导地位(图5),这可能反映了生态位重叠或共同定殖的作用[44]。然而,秋季网络中正相关关系比例较低,可能表明浮游植物之间的竞争或交叉取食强于夏季。与象山港的研究一致[45],秋季硅藻与甲藻的相互作用较夏季更为密切,表明半封闭海湾中硅藻与甲藻的竞争关系可能具有普遍性。夏季网络中,硅藻和甲藻的主要属分别为角毛藻属及共甲藻group I-clade 4,秋季网络则分别为羽纹硅藻类和裸甲藻属。其中,共甲藻是2个季节网络模块中的重要组成部分,也是秋季网络的关键物种。
当前研究发现,共甲藻group I与原生生物间的互作不局限于甲藻,还与硅藻具有潜在互作关系[9];group Ⅱ主要寄生于多种甲藻,包括秋季网络中丰度较高的环沟藻属、裸甲藻属等[37,39,46]。这解释了在硅藻比例较高的夏季网络中共甲藻group I在模块2中占主导,而在甲藻占主导的秋季网络中共甲藻group Ⅱ在模块1中占主导。共现网络分析(图6)显示,从夏季到秋季,高丰度群落由硅藻转为甲藻,共甲藻group I与group Ⅱ的优势地位呈现明显互换,即秋季group Ⅱ显著占优,表明共甲藻丰度与宿主的季节性波动高度一致,反映其群落组成高度依赖宿主群落结构[39-40]
三门湾受周边城镇工业和生活等人类活动的影响,海水长期处于富营养化状态,对浮游植物及其与环境和生物因子的互作产生了显著影响。本研究基于高通量测序技术系统探究了三门湾硅藻、甲藻及共甲藻群落的组成与季节演替特征,解析了三门湾硅藻和甲藻的主要物种类群及其与环境因子和寄生性真核生物间的关系,明确了硅藻和甲藻的季节演替特征及驱动因素。此外,针对当前共甲藻群落研究的不足,本研究利用高通量测序不仅弥补了传统镜检在识别寄生性浮游植物方面的局限,还揭示了共甲藻在与优势浮游植物互作网络中的关键作用,研究结果对揭示富营养化港湾中寄生生物对优势浮游植物组成和分布格局的影响具有重要意义。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42576128)
  • 国家自然科学基金(42076158)
  • 浙江省自然科学基金(LY22D060002)
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2026年第66卷第7期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250713
  • 接收时间:2025-09-18
  • 首发时间:2026-07-06
  • 出版时间:2026-07-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-18
  • 录用日期:2026-01-25
基金
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42576128)
国家自然科学基金(42576128)
国家自然科学基金(42076158)
The Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY22D060002)
浙江省自然科学基金(LY22D060002)
作者信息
    1.宁波大学 海洋学院,浙江 宁波
    2.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江 温州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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