Article(id=1274057570114327552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250910, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1764950400000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1766937600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-12-29, onlineDate=1781688595560, onlineDateStr=2026-06-17, pubDate=1780502400000, pubDateStr=2026-06-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781688595560, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781688595560, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781688595560, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1274057338156769818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='6', pageStart='2561', pageEnd='3114', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781688540257, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781688602467, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1274057599193486082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1274057599193486083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2881, endPage=2897, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1274057570600865793, articleId=1274057570114327552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Atmospheric and room temperature plasma enhances microbial carbon fixation efficiency by metabolic regulation, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective Efficient carbon-fixing microorganisms are a critical functional resource for achieving the “dual carbon” goals. However, the unstable carbon fixation performance makes natural strains difficult to directly meet industrial application needs. The molecular mechanisms underlying the enhancement of carbon fixation performance by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis remain unclear. Methods Five carbon-fixing bacterial strains preserved in our laboratory were used as the starting strains. Through ARTP mutagenesis combined with directed screening and carbon-fixing enzyme activity tracking, a genetically stable and efficient carbon-fixing mutant B4-5 was constructed. Whole-genome sequencing, combined analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion/deletion (InDel), and metabolic characterization were employed to systematically elucidate the carbon fixation enhancement mechanism. Results The mutant B4-5 showed increases of 33.16%, 72.54%, and 72.61% in key carbon-fixing enzyme activity, carbon assimilation amount, and carbon assimilation rate, respectively, with the Calvin cycle serving as the core carbon fixation pathway. Whole-genome comparison revealed that the genome of the mutant was highly collinear with that of the parent strain (similarity>98.50%), indicating that there were no large-scale chromosomal structural variations in the genome of the mutant. The combined analysis of SNP and InDel identified four key mutation sites (spoⅡE, nprR, glnQ, and murB) related to carbon fixation performance, and these sites optimized carbon source allocation, coordinated carbon-nitrogen metabolism balance, and reprogrammed carbon flux. Finally, a cascade mechanism of genomic micro-variation-metabolic regulation-phenotype enhancement was established. Conclusion This study clarifies the regulatory mechanism underlying the enhancement of carbon fixation metabolism by ARTP mutagenesis, providing a theoretical basis and engineered strain resources for the development of microbial carbon neutralization technologies.

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目的 高效固碳微生物是实现“双碳”目标的关键功能资源,但天然菌株的固碳性能不稳定,难以直接满足工业化应用需求,且常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma, ARTP)诱变强化固碳性能的分子机制尚不明确。 方法 以实验室保藏的5株固碳菌作为出发菌株,通过ARTP诱变结合定向筛选及固碳酶活性追踪,构建了遗传稳定的高效固碳诱变菌B4-5,并基于全基因组测序、单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)与插入/缺失(insertion/deletion, InDel)联合分析及代谢表征,系统解析其固碳强化机制。 结果 诱变菌B4-5的关键固碳酶活性提升33.16%,碳同化量及碳同化速率分别提高72.54%和72.61%,其核心固碳途径为卡尔文循环。全基因组比对显示,诱变菌与出发菌基因组整体共线性良好(相似度>98.50%),表明诱变菌基因组结构未发生大规模染色体结构变异。SNP与InDel联合分析鉴定出4个与固碳性能相关的关键突变位点(spoⅡEnprRglnQmurB),这些位点通过优化碳源分配、协同碳氮代谢平衡及重编程碳流,构建了“基因组微变异-代谢调控-表型强化”的级联机制。 结论 本研究阐明了ARTP诱变驱动的固碳代谢强化调控机制,为微生物碳中和技术开发提供了理论依据与工程菌株资源。

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作者贡献声明

彭梓怡:数据分析、撰写文章;宋佳宇:课题执行、修订文章;袁野:ARTP诱变实验;陈姝畅:酶活测定实验;付爱民:同位素示踪实验;任金蔓:高效固碳菌筛选实验;张华:执行调研;李兴春:项目管理;刘玉龙:数据收集与监管;吴百春:监督管理;王庆宏:软件程序;陈春茂:实验指导。

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FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2001, 205(2): 361-367., articleTitle=Nitrogen and carbon regulation of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088378325820186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=47, issue=1, pageStart=23, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[60], rfOrder=80, authorNames=Ford RC, Beis K, journalName=Biochemical Society Transactions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ford RC, Beis K. Learning the ABCs one at a time: structure and mechanism of ABC transporters[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2019, 47(1): 23-36., articleTitle=Learning the ABCs one at a time: structure and mechanism of ABC transporters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088378401317659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=14, issue=1, pageStart=6948, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[61], rfOrder=81, authorNames=Rädecker N, Escrig S, Spangenberg JE, Voolstra CR, Meibom A, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rädecker N, Escrig S, Spangenberg JE, Voolstra CR, Meibom A. Coupled carbon and nitrogen cycling regulates the cnidarian-algal symbiosis[J]. Nature Communications, 2023, 14(1): 6948., articleTitle=Coupled carbon and nitrogen cycling regulates the cnidarian-algal symbiosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088378476815132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=167, issue=null, pageStart=123, pageEnd=131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[62], rfOrder=82, authorNames=Liu XC, Lin XH, Liu SC, Zhu CQ, Grierson D, Li SJ, Chen KS, journalName=Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu XC, Lin XH, Liu SC, Zhu CQ, Grierson D, Li SJ, Chen KS. The effect of NH4 + on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression, metabolic flux and citrate content of citrus juice sacs[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021, 167: 123-131., articleTitle=The effect of NH4 + on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression, metabolic flux and citrate content of citrus juice sacs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088378552312605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1995, volume=164, issue=1, pageStart=113, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[63], rfOrder=83, authorNames=Rowland SL, Errington J, Wake RG, journalName=Gene, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rowland SL, Errington J, Wake RG. The Bacillus subtilis cell-division 135-137 degrees region contains an essential orf with significant similarity to murB and a dispensable sbp gene[J]. 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label=Figure 1, caption=Schematic diagram of the experimental setup for verifying carbon assimilation capacity., figureFileSmall=iWCJH/dyZj1mogSWcCZ1sQ==, figureFileBig=BtXS34uiCLY6e7i2Q/qvow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088358318990004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=图1, caption=碳同化能力验证实验装置图, figureFileSmall=iWCJH/dyZj1mogSWcCZ1sQ==, figureFileBig=BtXS34uiCLY6e7i2Q/qvow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088358725837494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Screening and genetic stability of ARTP mutant strains with carbon fixation function. A: RubisCO activity of the parent strain; B: Death rate curves of B3 and B4 under ARTP mutagenesis; C: Comparison of OD600 values between mutant strains B3 and B4; D: Genetic stability of RubisCO enzyme activity in B3-15 and B4-5. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among groups (P<0.05); The same below., figureFileSmall=hy9r2A58uxc54XZ1QDoJUA==, figureFileBig=Or3caKjkDYINjls4HjQ+zg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088359065576119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=图2, caption=固碳功能微生物ARTP诱变菌种的筛选及遗传稳定性, figureFileSmall=hy9r2A58uxc54XZ1QDoJUA==, figureFileBig=Or3caKjkDYINjls4HjQ+zg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088359128490680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Carbon fixation efficiency of parent strain B4 and mutant B4-5. A: Comparison of carbon assimilation amount and rate; B: KEGG pathway comparison of the Calvin cycle metabolism (the color blocks on the left represent the number of labeled genes in B4, while the color blocks on the right represent the number of labeled genes in B4-5)., figureFileSmall=/B6QDdRzEfkSJBcCPhJj6A==, figureFileBig=ja/qn5jixHoWLkyn2gVX9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088359187210937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=图3, caption=出发菌B4与诱变菌B4-5的固碳效能, figureFileSmall=/B6QDdRzEfkSJBcCPhJj6A==, figureFileBig=ja/qn5jixHoWLkyn2gVX9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088359241736890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Comparison of genomes between original strain B4 and mutant strain B4-5. 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Basic physicochemical properties of test substrates

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Test specificationTest methodContentReferences
pHSoil-determination of pH-potentiometry: HJ 962—20188.67±0.31[24]
Total nitrogenSoil quality-determination of total nitrogen-modified Kjeldahl method: HJ 717—2014(0.75±0.18) g/kg[25]
Total phosphateSoil-determination of total phosphorus by alkali fusion-Mo-Sb anti spectrophotometric method: HJ 632—2011(0.47±0.08) g/kg[26]
Organic carbonSoil-determination of organic carbon-potassium dichromate oxidation spectrophotometric method: HJ 615—2011(59.34±2.81) g/kg[27]
Total petroleum hydrocarbonsSoil and sediment-determination of petroleum hydrocarbons (C10-C40)-gas chromatography: HJ 1021—2019(1.56±0.32) g/kg[28]
), ArticleFig(id=1274088360441307841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

供试基质基础理化指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Test specificationTest methodContentReferences
pHSoil-determination of pH-potentiometry: HJ 962—20188.67±0.31[24]
Total nitrogenSoil quality-determination of total nitrogen-modified Kjeldahl method: HJ 717—2014(0.75±0.18) g/kg[25]
Total phosphateSoil-determination of total phosphorus by alkali fusion-Mo-Sb anti spectrophotometric method: HJ 632—2011(0.47±0.08) g/kg[26]
Organic carbonSoil-determination of organic carbon-potassium dichromate oxidation spectrophotometric method: HJ 615—2011(59.34±2.81) g/kg[27]
Total petroleum hydrocarbonsSoil and sediment-determination of petroleum hydrocarbons (C10-C40)-gas chromatography: HJ 1021—2019(1.56±0.32) g/kg[28]
), ArticleFig(id=1274088360739103426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

General characteristics of the whole genome of the original strain B4 and the mutant strain B4-5

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypeB4B4-5
Sequence length (bp)5 441 7955 454 960
G+C content (%)35.3035.30
CDS5 3925 392
rRNA4242
tRNA107107
sRNA129129
), ArticleFig(id=1274088362286801603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

出发菌B4和诱变菌B4-5全基因组的一般特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypeB4B4-5
Sequence length (bp)5 441 7955 454 960
G+C content (%)35.3035.30
CDS5 3925 392
rRNA4242
tRNA107107
sRNA129129
), ArticleFig(id=1274088364216181444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Gene mutation sites and genetic information of mutant B4-5

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NumberVariation typeGeneMutation typeMutation descriptionKO numberKO function
1SNPspoⅡEMissense mutationMulti-phylogenetic: stage II sporulation protein EK06382II sporulation protein E
2InDelnprRFrameshift mutationTetrapeptide repeat proteinK20480HTH-type transcription factor, quorum sensing regulator NprR
3SNPglnQMissense mutationAmino acid ABC transporter ATP binding proteinK10041Aspartate/glutamate complex transport system ATP binding protein
4SNPmurBMissense mutationUDP-N-acetylmuramic acid dehydrogenaseK00075UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid dehydrogenase
5SNPsspHNon-sense mutationAcid-soluble spore protein HK06425Small molecule acid-soluble spore protein H
), ArticleFig(id=1274088364304261829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057570114327552, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

诱变菌B4-5的基因突变位点及基因信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
NumberVariation typeGeneMutation typeMutation descriptionKO numberKO function
1SNPspoⅡEMissense mutationMulti-phylogenetic: stage II sporulation protein EK06382II sporulation protein E
2InDelnprRFrameshift mutationTetrapeptide repeat proteinK20480HTH-type transcription factor, quorum sensing regulator NprR
3SNPglnQMissense mutationAmino acid ABC transporter ATP binding proteinK10041Aspartate/glutamate complex transport system ATP binding protein
4SNPmurBMissense mutationUDP-N-acetylmuramic acid dehydrogenaseK00075UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid dehydrogenase
5SNPsspHNon-sense mutationAcid-soluble spore protein HK06425Small molecule acid-soluble spore protein H
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常压室温等离子体强化微生物固碳效能与代谢调控机制
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彭梓怡 1, 2, 3 , 宋佳宇 1, 3 , 袁野 1, 2, 3 , 陈姝畅 4 , 付爱民 1, 3, 5 , 任金蔓 1, 3, 5 , 张华 1, 3 , 李兴春 1, 3 , 刘玉龙 1, 3 , 吴百春 1, 3 , 王庆宏 2 , 陈春茂 2
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(6): 2881-2897
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026, 66(6): 2881-2897
常压室温等离子体强化微生物固碳效能与代谢调控机制
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彭梓怡1, 2, 3, 宋佳宇1, 3 , 袁野1, 2, 3, 陈姝畅4, 付爱民1, 3, 5, 任金蔓1, 3, 5, 张华1, 3, 李兴春1, 3, 刘玉龙1, 3, 吴百春1, 3, 王庆宏2, 陈春茂2
作者信息
  • 1.中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京
  • 2.中国石油大学(北京) 化学工程与环境学院,北京
  • 3.石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京
  • 4.太原理工大学 环境与生态学院,山西 太原
  • 5.大庆油田水务环保公司,黑龙江 大庆
Atmospheric and room temperature plasma enhances microbial carbon fixation efficiency by metabolic regulation
Ziyi PENG1, 2, 3, Jiayu SONG1, 3 , Ye YUAN1, 2, 3, Shuchang CHEN4, Aimin FU1, 3, 5, Jinman REN1, 3, 5, Hua ZHANG1, 3, Xingchun LI1, 3, Yulong LIU1, 3, Baichun WU1, 3, Qinghong WANG2, Chunmao CHEN2
Affiliations
  • 1.CNPC Research Institute of Safety & Environment Technology, Beijing, China
  • 2.College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, China
  • 3.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing, China
  • 4.College of Environment and Ecology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
  • 5.Daqing Oilfield Water Environmental Protection Company, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
出版时间: 2026-06-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250910
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目的 高效固碳微生物是实现“双碳”目标的关键功能资源,但天然菌株的固碳性能不稳定,难以直接满足工业化应用需求,且常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma, ARTP)诱变强化固碳性能的分子机制尚不明确。 方法 以实验室保藏的5株固碳菌作为出发菌株,通过ARTP诱变结合定向筛选及固碳酶活性追踪,构建了遗传稳定的高效固碳诱变菌B4-5,并基于全基因组测序、单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)与插入/缺失(insertion/deletion, InDel)联合分析及代谢表征,系统解析其固碳强化机制。 结果 诱变菌B4-5的关键固碳酶活性提升33.16%,碳同化量及碳同化速率分别提高72.54%和72.61%,其核心固碳途径为卡尔文循环。全基因组比对显示,诱变菌与出发菌基因组整体共线性良好(相似度>98.50%),表明诱变菌基因组结构未发生大规模染色体结构变异。SNP与InDel联合分析鉴定出4个与固碳性能相关的关键突变位点(spoⅡEnprRglnQmurB),这些位点通过优化碳源分配、协同碳氮代谢平衡及重编程碳流,构建了“基因组微变异-代谢调控-表型强化”的级联机制。 结论 本研究阐明了ARTP诱变驱动的固碳代谢强化调控机制,为微生物碳中和技术开发提供了理论依据与工程菌株资源。

高效固碳菌  /  常压室温等离子体诱变  /  全基因组分析  /  RubisCO酶活性  /  碳同化效能  /  调控机制

Objective Efficient carbon-fixing microorganisms are a critical functional resource for achieving the “dual carbon” goals. However, the unstable carbon fixation performance makes natural strains difficult to directly meet industrial application needs. The molecular mechanisms underlying the enhancement of carbon fixation performance by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis remain unclear. Methods Five carbon-fixing bacterial strains preserved in our laboratory were used as the starting strains. Through ARTP mutagenesis combined with directed screening and carbon-fixing enzyme activity tracking, a genetically stable and efficient carbon-fixing mutant B4-5 was constructed. Whole-genome sequencing, combined analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion/deletion (InDel), and metabolic characterization were employed to systematically elucidate the carbon fixation enhancement mechanism. Results The mutant B4-5 showed increases of 33.16%, 72.54%, and 72.61% in key carbon-fixing enzyme activity, carbon assimilation amount, and carbon assimilation rate, respectively, with the Calvin cycle serving as the core carbon fixation pathway. Whole-genome comparison revealed that the genome of the mutant was highly collinear with that of the parent strain (similarity>98.50%), indicating that there were no large-scale chromosomal structural variations in the genome of the mutant. The combined analysis of SNP and InDel identified four key mutation sites (spoⅡE, nprR, glnQ, and murB) related to carbon fixation performance, and these sites optimized carbon source allocation, coordinated carbon-nitrogen metabolism balance, and reprogrammed carbon flux. Finally, a cascade mechanism of genomic micro-variation-metabolic regulation-phenotype enhancement was established. Conclusion This study clarifies the regulatory mechanism underlying the enhancement of carbon fixation metabolism by ARTP mutagenesis, providing a theoretical basis and engineered strain resources for the development of microbial carbon neutralization technologies.

efficient carbon-fixing bacteria  /  atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis  /  genome-wide analysis  /  RubisCO activity  /  carbon assimilation efficiency  /  regulatory mechanism
彭梓怡, 宋佳宇, 袁野, 陈姝畅, 付爱民, 任金蔓, 张华, 李兴春, 刘玉龙, 吴百春, 王庆宏, 陈春茂. 常压室温等离子体强化微生物固碳效能与代谢调控机制. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (6) : 2881 -2897 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250910
Ziyi PENG, Jiayu SONG, Ye YUAN, Shuchang CHEN, Aimin FU, Jinman REN, Hua ZHANG, Xingchun LI, Yulong LIU, Baichun WU, Qinghong WANG, Chunmao CHEN. Atmospheric and room temperature plasma enhances microbial carbon fixation efficiency by metabolic regulation[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (6) : 2881 -2897 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250910
全球气候变化已成为21世纪人类社会面临的重大挑战,大气CO2浓度从工业革命前的280 μL/L攀升至2022年的418 μL/L[1],由此引发的温室效应与生态系统失衡问题亟待解决[2]。生物固碳作为调控全球碳循环、实现碳中和目标的核心路径,因其具有环境友好、能耗低及可持续等优势[3-4],被政府间气候变化专门委员会列为实现全球温控目标的关键负排放技术之一[5]。微生物固碳凭借代谢途径多样、遗传可改造性强等特点,在CO2生物转化领域展现出独特潜力[6]。目前已知的微生物固碳途径主要包括卡尔文循环、还原性三羧酸循环、还原性乙酰辅酶A途径、3-羟基丙酸双循环途径等[7]。然而,天然固碳微生物普遍存在效率瓶颈:关键功能酶(如RubisCO)受底物亲和力不足及氧抑制效应限制[8];菌株遗传稳定性差,传代过程中易发生性状漂变[9];环境适应性弱,难以满足规模化应用需求。因此,开发高效固碳微生物定向选育技术并解析其性能提升机制,是突破生物固碳工程化瓶颈的关键科学问题[10-11]
ARTP诱变技术利用低温等离子体产生的高能粒子诱导基因组随机突变,具有突变率高、诱变时间短且条件温和等优势[12-14]。该技术已在工业菌株改良及环境功能菌株性能提升方面取得显著成效,能够有效解决天然微生物普遍存在的酶活性偏低、产能不足等核心局限,为菌株代谢效能的定向强化提供了关键技术支撑[15-16]。然而,该技术在微生物代谢固碳性能定向改良中的应用仍处于起步阶段,现有研究多依赖CO2耐受性、光合效率等表型筛选[17-18],缺乏对遗传变异与固碳表型关联的分子机制的系统解析[19-20]。全基因组重测序结合单核苷酸多态性与插入/缺失(single nucleotide polymorphism and insertion/deletion, SNP/InDel)检测可全景式捕捉突变位点、解析代谢通路重构规律[21-22],为揭示ARTP诱变强化固碳性能的分子机制提供了有力工具,但相关研究鲜有报道。
本研究以实验室前期分离保存的固碳菌为材料,采用ARTP诱变技术结合多代定向筛选策略成功构建遗传稳定的高效固碳诱变菌。通过整合表型表征(固碳酶活性、碳同化参数)与基因组解析(全基因组测序、SNP/InDel检测、代谢通路注释),系统揭示突变株固碳性能提升的遗传基础。本研究旨在针对天然固碳微生物核心固碳酶(RubisCO)活性不足的关键问题,初步阐明“基因变异-表型强化”的内在关联机制,为生物固碳技术工程化应用提供理论依据与菌种资源。
选用实验室前期经无碳源无机盐培养基分离筛选并保藏的5株固碳菌(B1-B5)作为出发菌。经分类鉴定确定其物种归属依次为:利沃夫氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter lwoffii) B1、木糖氧化无色杆菌(Achromobacter xylosoxidans) B2、产碱假单胞菌(Pseudomonas alcaligenes) B3、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus) B4及路氏肠杆菌(Enterobacter ludwigii) B5。
LB培养基(g/L):蛋白胨10.00,酵母粉5.00,NaCl 10.00,调节pH至7.0-7.2,随后于121 ℃灭菌20 min。
无碳源无机盐培养基(g/L)[23]:NH4Cl 0.50,K2HPO4 1.80,KH2PO4 1.80,MgSO4 0.40,CaCl2 0.05,NaCl 1.00,MnSO4 0.02,FeCl3 0.02,Na2S2O3 10.00 g,调节pH至7.2-7.4,随后于121 ℃灭菌20 min。配制固体培养基时,灭菌前加入琼脂粉18.00 g/L。
碳同化能力验证所用基质采自我国华北地区某油田作业区的落地油泥与钻井岩屑混合物。供试基质pH为8.67±0.31,全氮含量(0.75±0.18) g/kg,总磷含量(0.47±0.08) g/kg,有机碳含量(59.34±2.81) g/kg,石油烃含量(1.56±0.32) g/kg,具体测试方法如表1所示。
采用土壤(soil) RubisCO ELISA试剂盒(上海瑞番生物科技有限公司)测定菌株1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶(ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, RubisCO)活性,操作步骤参照试剂盒说明书执行。
取过夜培养物(LB培养基,30 ℃、180 r/min培养),14 000 r/min离心5 min收集菌体。菌体经无菌水洗涤2次后,重悬于含5%甘油的无菌水中,调整菌悬液OD600至0.6,备用。
取洁净载玻片经酒精灯灼烧30 s灭菌,冷却至室温后,取10 μL菌悬液均匀涂布于载玻片表面。
将载玻片置于ARTP诱变仪(无锡源清天木生物科技有限公司)样品槽内,设定诱变参数:处理距离2 mm,功率120 W,氦气(纯度99.999%)气流量10 SLM,处理时间为10-100 s (间隔10 s,共10个梯度),样品总体积10 μL菌悬液。
处理后,将载玻片分别移入含1.00 mL无菌生理盐水的EP管中,涡旋振荡1 min洗脱菌体,获得诱变菌悬液。梯度稀释以10‒1的梯度稀释至菌液浓度为108 CFU/mL后,取100 μL涂布于无碳源无机盐固体培养基(见1.1.2节)。以未经ARTP处理的菌悬液作为对照,同步涂布。30 ℃培养48 h后统计菌落数,按公式(1)和(2)分别计算致死率与正突变率,确定最佳诱变时间。
致死=1-诱变组存活菌落数对照组存活菌落数×100%
正突变率=RubisCO酶活提高20%以上的突变菌株数诱变菌株总数×100%
从1.3.4节ARTP诱变培养平板中挑选直径最大的单菌落,通过平板划线法在LB固体培养基上连续纯化,获得纯培养菌株(排除生长缺陷株)。挑取纯化单菌落接种至LB液体培养基中,30 ℃、180 r/min培养过夜后,按2%接种量转接至无碳源无机盐液体培养基(1.1.2节)中。以未诱变的出发菌(B1-B5)为对照,平行培养。37 ℃、200 r/min培养7 d后,测定OD600值。
以“OD600值最大”为筛选指标,结合菌落形态观察(排除异常表型),采用1.2节方法测定RubisCO酶活性,以“RubisCO酶活性显著高于出发菌(P<0.05)”为核心正向筛选依据,筛选获得固碳潜力优异的候选菌株。将候选菌株接种于含20%甘油的LB培养基中,-80 ℃保藏,备用。
选取筛选获得的高效固碳诱变菌,采用无碳源无机盐液体培养基连续传代20次。每代按2%接种量转接至5.00 mL新鲜培养基,37 ℃、200 r/min培养48 h。每次培养结束后测定RubisCO酶活性,通过比较不同传代次数下的酶活性变化评估遗传稳定性。
供试基质经自然风干、研磨过200目筛后,准确称取40.00 g于灭菌100 mL烧杯中。分别制备诱变菌及出发菌菌悬液(OD600=0.8),按10%接种量(4.00 mL)加入固废样品,在100 mL烧杯中充分混匀。每组设置3个生物学重复,另设空白对照(仅添加等量无菌培养基)。
将接种样品和盛有0.569 g Na213CO3 (溶于5.00 mL纯水)的烧杯一同置于密闭培养箱,通过进气管通入不含CO2的氮氧混合气(N2 79%,O2 21%,纯度99.999%),持续通气并使用CO2气体分析仪监测出气口CO2浓度,待浓度接近0 μL/L时停止通气。通过密封装置的专用接口,将40 mL 1 mol/L盐酸注入盛有Na213CO3溶液的烧杯中(盐酸过量以确保反应完全),立即关闭进出气阀门使装置与外界隔绝。待CO2气体分析仪监测CO2浓度达500 μL/L时开启内置风扇促进气体均匀分布。为了降低微生物呼吸及残余CO213CO2稀释效应、提高土壤有机碳的δ13C标记值,每隔3 d重复上述标记过程,标记周期共30 d。培养期间采用称重法监测样品含水率,通过补充无菌去离子水维持在20%-25%。对照组以Na2CO3替代Na213CO3,其余处理条件相同。标记结束后收集样品供后续分析。实验装置图如图1所示。
培养结束后,样品冷冻干燥、研磨均化,采用同位素比率质谱仪(ThermoFisher Scientific公司)测定δ13C值(测定精度±0.001‰)。按公式(3)、(4)计算碳同化量及碳同化速率[29]
                          CT=CSOC×          1 000+δ13Clabelled×Rst1 000+1 000+δ13Clabelled×Rst-          1 000+δ13Ccontrol×Rst1 000+1 000+δ13Ccontrol×Rst×1 000
RS=CT×1/3.14×D22/T
式中:CT为样品有机碳中菌株固定的13CO2质量分数,mg/kg;CSOC为样品有机碳质量分数,g/kg;δ13Clabelled为标记样品中13C的丰度值;δ13Ccontrol为未标记样品中13C的丰度值;Rst为碳同位素比值,Rst=0.011 237 2[30]RS为菌株固碳速率,mg C/(m2·d);D为烧杯内径,m;T为标记时间,d。
出发菌及诱变菌基因组DNA的提取。将菌株接种至5.00 mL无碳源无机盐液体培养基,37 ℃、200 r/min培养48 h,5 000 r/min离心10 min收集菌体,委托上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司进行全基因组测序,采用Illumina NovaSeq 6000平台开展双端150 bp测序(测序深度≥100×)。采用Fastp (v0.20.0)和SOPA denovo (v2.04)软件进行序列质控和测序数据组装,使用QUAST (v5.0.2)评估组装质量。基于GeneMarkS (v4.3)预测基因组编码序列(coding sequence, CDS),采用BLASTp (v2.12.0+)将预测蛋白序列与KEGG数据库比对,完成基因功能注释。通过C+G View (v2)绘制基因组圈图,展示基因组特征元件分布。用Mummer软件将出发菌和诱变菌的全基因组序列进行共线性分析。
采用BWA (v0.7.17)将诱变菌测序读长比对至出发菌参考基因组,经Samtools (v1.9)处理生成BAM文件后,利用GATK (v4.2.6.1)的HaplotypeCaller和VariantFiltration模块识别SNP和InDel变异位点。
实验数据采用SPSS (v27.0.1)进行统计分析。组间差异显著性检验采用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA),以P<0.05表示差异显著;采用Origin (v2021)绘制柱状图等,误差线表示3次生物学重复的标准偏差(SD)。
RubisCO是卡尔文(Calvin-Benson-Bassham pathway, CBB)循环途径的关键限速酶,其活性直接影响固碳效率。本研究测定了5株以CO2为唯一碳源的出发菌(B1-B5)的RubisCO酶活性(图2A),结果显示,所有菌株的酶活性均>30 U/L,表明其均具备良好的天然固碳潜力。值得注意的是,由于目前RubisCO酶活性测定的反应体系、检测方法及活性单位尚未统一,不同研究间数据缺乏可比性[31-32]。因此,本研究采用严格的内部对照策略,在相同条件下同步测定诱变菌株与出发菌株的酶活性,通过横向对比客观评估诱变对固碳能力的提升效果,以规避方法学差异导致的系统误差。如图2A所示,其中B3 (60.51±2.17) U/L与B4 (60.32±2.56) U/L显著高于其他菌株(P<0.05),表明二者具有较强的固碳代谢基础,因此选定其作为ARTP诱变出发菌。
致死率与正突变率是评估ARTP诱变效率的核心参数。研究表明,致死率约95%时可兼顾突变多样性与存活菌数量,诱变筛选效率最优[33-35]。为确定最佳诱变条件,本研究测定了不同处理时间下B3、B4菌株的致死率(图2B),并分析其对应的固碳正突变率。结果显示,处理时间与致死率呈正相关:30 s时致死率<95%,正突变率为10.82%;40 s时致死率达95%,正突变率升至峰值17.36%;50 s时致死率>95%,正突变率回落至13.98%。据此确定40 s为最佳ARTP诱变处理时间。
经ARTP诱变及初筛,从B3和B4诱变库中分别获得候选菌株B3-15与B4-5。将菌株接种于无碳源无机盐液体培养基中培养48 h后测定OD600值(图2C)。结果表明,候选菌株OD600值显著高于其余诱变菌(P<0.05),表明其具有良好的生长繁殖能力。
遗传稳定性是评价工程菌株应用潜力的核心指标。对候选菌株连续传代20次,逐代测定RubisCO酶活性(图2D)。结果表明:B3-15在第4代时酶活性显著下降(P<0.05),而B4-5连续传代20代后RubisCO酶活性仍保持稳定(P>0.05),第20代酶活性达(80.32±2.11) U/L,较出发菌B4提升33.16%。综上所述,确定B4-5为遗传稳定的高效固碳诱变菌株,用含20%甘油的LB培养基置于-80 ℃保藏备用。
采用30 d 13C同位素脉冲标记实验定量比较出发菌B4与诱变菌B4-5的碳同化能力(图3A)。结果显示:空白对照组(未接菌)的碳同化量(CT)和固碳速率(RS)分别为(2.59±0.90) mg/kg和(30.60±10.88) mg C/(m2·d);接种B4后,CT提升至(7.32±0.82) mg/kg,RS增至(86.28±8.89) mg C/(m2·d),较空白组显著提升183%左右(P<0.05),证实B4可显著增强体系固碳能力。接种B4-5后,CTRS进一步提升至(12.63±1.25) mg/kg和(148.93±13.13) mg C/(m2·d),较B4组显著提升约72% (P<0.05),表明ARTP诱变有效强化了菌株固碳表型。
为解析B4-5固碳效能提升的分子基础,基于KEGG数据库对B4与B4-5进行全基因组功能注释,重点比对CBB循环关键酶基因(图3B)。结果表明:两菌株CBB途径相关基因的数量和种类基本一致,表明ARTP诱变未改变核心碳代谢通路的基因组成,其性能提升可能源于基因序列变异导致的酶活性或转录调控改变。
CBB途径各阶段关键基因具体注释如图3B所示。(1) 羧化阶段:检出核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(RubisCO,EC 4.1.1.39)单拷贝基因,该酶为CBB循环限速酶,催化CO2固定的关键步骤。(2) 还原阶段:检出磷酸甘油激酶(EC 2.7.2.3,单拷贝)、甘油醇-3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(EC 1.2.1.12,双拷贝)等基因,磷酸丙糖脱氢酶(EC 1.2.1.13)未检出。(3) 再生阶段:检出转酮醇酶(EC 2.2.1.1,双拷贝)、果酸二磷酸醛缩酶(EC 4.1.2.13,单拷贝)等基因;景天庚酮糖-1,7-二磷酸酶(EC 3.1.3.37)及磷酸核酮糖激酶(EC 2.7.1.19)未注释到。
上述CBB途径关键基因的检出证实B4和B4-5均以CBB循环作为主要固碳途径。
为揭示ARTP诱变的遗传变异特征及B4-5固碳效能提升的基因组基础,采用Illumina NovaSeq平台对出发菌B4与诱变菌B4-5进行全基因组测序及比较基因组学分析。
基因组组装与注释结果显示(表2),B4基因组为环状染色体,全长5.44 Mb,G+C含量35.30%;B4-5基因组全长5.45 Mb,G+C含量35.30%,两者仅相差10 kb (0.18%)。功能注释表明,2株菌编码序列(coding sequence, CDS)数量相同(5 392个),非编码RNA总量一致(292个),包括rRNA操纵子14个、tRNA 107个和sRNA 129个,基因组功能元件的数量与类型高度保守。基因组圈图(图4A)显示,两菌株染色体结构高度相似,功能元件在基因组上的分布位置基本一致。
全基因组共线性分析显示(图4B),B4和B4-5基因组序列相似度达98.50%,存在大范围连续共线性区域,未检测到染色体片段重复、倒位或易位等结构变异。上述结果表明,ARTP诱变主要通过诱导碱基水平的点突变(SNP)和小片段插入/缺失(InDel)实现菌株性状改良,未破坏基因组整体框架。这种低频、精准的遗传变异模式既保证了遗传稳定性(与2.1节B4-5传代稳定性结果一致),又可能通过改变关键功能基因的表达或催化效率实现固碳性能优化,是后续变异位点精准鉴定与功能解析的重要基础。
以出发菌B4基因组为参考序列,对诱变菌B4-5进行全基因组SNP与InDel变异检测(测序深度:147×,reads N50为8 906 bp)。经质量过滤后(图5),共检测到5个编码区非同义突变位点,分别位于spoⅡE (错义突变)、nprR (移码突变)、glnQ (错义突变)、murB (错义突变)及sspH (无义突变) (表3)。
基于已有研究[36]sspH基因编码小酸溶性孢子蛋白H,其缺失或突变对菌株生长和代谢无显著影响,且与碳代谢途径无直接关联,因此排除其对固碳性能的贡献。其余4个突变基因(spoⅡEnprRglnQmurB)分别参与孢子形成[37]、群体感应调控[38]、氨基酸转运[39]和细胞壁肽聚糖合成[40]等关键生理过程,推测其协同突变可能是B4-5固碳提升的分子基础。
功能注释表明(表3),spoⅡE参与孢子形成信号转导蛋白,参与芽孢形成调控,可能通过优化碳源分配提高固碳效率;nprR参与群体感应效应途径,调控菌群密度依赖性基因表达;glnQ编码ABC转运蛋白复合体的ATP结合亚基,参与谷氨酰胺等氨基酸转运,可能协同碳氮代谢平衡;murB参与核苷酸糖生物合成和核苷酸糖代谢,可能通过强化细胞壁合成重编程碳流分配。上述基因的协同突变可能构成“代谢调控-碳流优化-固碳增强”的多层次调控网络。
本研究采用ARTP诱变技术对出发菌B4进行定向改良,成功筛选获得遗传稳定且固碳性能显著提升的诱变菌B4-5,解决了天然固碳微生物普遍存在的核心固碳酶RubisCO活性不足导致固碳效率低下,以及优良性状易退化导致遗传稳定性差等问题。其核心表型优势体现在:(1) 关键固碳酶RubisCO活性较出发菌B4提高33.16%,直接反映碳固定潜力的增强;(2) 该高活性性状在连续20代传代培养中保持稳定(P>0.05),未出现活性衰减。遗传稳定性是菌株工业化应用的重要前提,可有效规避实际应用中因性状退化导致的效能波动,为规模化生物碳捕集提供可靠的功能菌种资源。
13C同位素标记实验进一步验证了B4-5的固碳效能提升。相较于出发菌B4,B4-5的碳同化量与固碳速率显著增强。RS的提升可有效缩短生物固碳工艺周期、降低运行成本。从分子机制角度分析,RubisCO作为CBB循环的限速酶,其活性提升是驱动B4-5固碳性能强化的直接酶学基础,表明ARTP诱变成功实现了CBB循环核心功能酶的定向优化。
全基因组功能注释显示,B4和B4-5均完整保留CBB循环关键酶编码基因,包括限速酶RubisCO (EC 4.1.1.39)、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(EC 3.1.3.11)及转酮醇酶(EC 2.2.1.1)等,与已有研究结论一致[41-43]。上述酶分别催化CO2固定、磷酸糖还原和核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸(RuBP)再生等关键步骤[44-47]。重要的是,两菌株CBB循环核心基因的数量及序列未检测到显著变异,表明ARTP诱变未破坏CBB循环碳固定途径的结构完整性,同时排除了CBB循环基因本身的突变作为固碳性能提升的直接原因。这一结果与Lewis等[48]在固氮领域的研究发现相呼应:Rhodopseudomonas palustris的固氮能力提升源于非固氮途径关键基因突变,通过代谢路径重定向为固氮酶高效供能。类比该机制,B4-5菌株的固碳性能提升可能源于非CBB循环途径基因的突变,如碳代谢流分配、能量供应或辅因子合成相关基因[49-51],这些遗传变异通过优化代谢网络协同性间接提升了CBB循环运行效率。该推论为后续鉴定固碳效能调控的关键靶点指明了方向。
为解析B4-5高效固碳表型的遗传稳定性机制,采用全基因组测序开展比较基因组学分析。结果显示,B4和B4-5基因组结构高度保守:两者均为环状染色体,G+C含量相同(35.30%),编码序列(5 392个)及非编码RNA数量(292个)一致,功能元件在染色体上的分布位置基本重合(图4A)。全基因组共线性分析(图4B)显示,匹配区域占基因组总长度的98.50%,未检测到>1 kb的染色体片段缺失、重复或倒位等大规模结构变异。
基因组高度保守性对诱变菌遗传稳定性具有重要意义。已有研究表明,微生物基因组大规模结构变异(如大片段插入/缺失、染色体重排)常导致代谢网络紊乱和遗传不稳定[9]。传统化学诱变(如EMS、NTG)会导致大量随机突变和基因组重排[52],使诱变菌在传代过程中发生遗传漂移[9]。相比之下,ARTP诱变主要通过低温等离子体诱导碱基水平的点突变(SNP)和小片段插入/缺失(InDel),基因组整体框架保持完整。这与B4-5连续20代传代后RubisCO酶活性保持稳定(P>0.05)的表型结果相一致,证实基因组结构完整性是表型稳定遗传的关键分子基础。
此外,基因组高度保守性为精准定位固碳性能调控关键位点提供了重要前提。在排除大规模结构变异的干扰后,B4-5固碳表型改良的分子驱动因素可聚焦于局部点突变。已有研究证实[53-54],单个或少数SNP位点的变异可通过改变酶活性、底物亲和力或基因表达调控显著提升菌株代谢性能。因此,后续研究可通过SNP/InDel精准定位、突变位点功能验证及代谢网络分析,系统解析“基因组微变异→代谢流重构→固碳性能提升”的分子机制,为理性设计高效固碳工程菌提供理论依据。
基因组变异分析鉴定出4个关键非同义突变基因:spoⅡEnprRglnQmurB。值得注意的是,这些基因均不属于CBB循环核心基因,却与固碳性能显著提升相关联。这表明微生物固碳能力的优化不仅依赖于CBB途径本身,还受代谢网络协同调控的影响。基于基因功能注释与现有研究,提出以下可能的调控机制(图6)。
spoⅡEnprR均参与菌株孢子形成调控:spoⅡE编码不对称分裂调控蛋白,参与孢子形成起始复合物组装[55]nprR作为群体感应受体,通过信号转导调控孢子形成时序[38,56]。孢子形成是能量密集型过程,需消耗大量ATP和碳骨架用于保护性蛋白和细胞壁合成[51]。两基因突变可能通过以下途径影响固碳(图6):(1) 降低孢子形成倾向,减少碳源向休眠孢子合成的分流;(2) 延长营养生长期,使细胞维持高代谢活性状态时间延长。推测该机制使B4-5在相同培养周期内积累更多生物量,间接提升总碳同化总量。然而,具体的碳流分配比例和代谢状态变化需通过13C代谢通量分析和转录组学进一步验证。
glnQ编码谷氨酰胺ABC转运系统的ATP结合亚基(GlnQ),通过ATP水解驱动谷氨酰胺跨膜摄取,是氮源同化的重要步骤[57-58]。已有研究表明,glnQ或其同源基因的突变可导致谷氨酰胺摄取能力下降并扰动胞内氮代谢状态,进而影响细菌生长及多种代谢过程[58]。Gln/Glu比值是反映细胞氮营养状态的重要代谢信号,通过谷氨酰胺合成酶-谷氨酸合成酶(GS-GOGAT)循环与中心碳代谢相耦联[57];研究表明[59],氮源和碳源/能量供应可显著调控该循环,改变糖酵解、三羧酸循环等路径的碳流分配,表明氮同化与碳代谢的紧密联动关系。此外,ABC转运蛋白的ATP结合域直接决定能量偶联和底物转运效率,其结构变化通常导致转运活性及代谢稳态的明显改变[60]。因此,本研究中位于ATP结合域附近的glnQ突变可能通过调节谷氨酰胺转运效率和胞内Gln/Glu平衡,优化碳氮代谢协调性。结合氮源充足时碳更倾向流向生长和固碳、而氮限制促使碳用于储能物质合成的规律[61-62],该突变最终可能促进更多碳流向CBB循环分配(图6)。
murB编码UDP-N-乙酰烯醇丙酮酸葡萄糖胺还原酶(MurB),催化肽聚糖前体UDP-MurNAc的合成,是肽聚糖生物合成的关键酶[40,63]。本研究中murB突变位于酶活性中心附近,可能影响催化效率。肽聚糖合成与中心碳代谢密切关联:前体UDP-GlcNAc来源于糖酵解中间产物果糖-6-磷酸,而MurA催化步骤消耗磷酸烯醇丙酮酸(PEP)。murB突变可能通过以下途径间接影响固碳(图6):(1) 改变肽聚糖合成速率,影响PEP等中心代谢物的分配;(2) 通过代谢物反馈调节,影响糖酵解-糖异生平衡。然而,murB突变如何定量影响代谢流分配、是否直接关联CBB循环活性,仍需通过代谢组学和13C同位素示踪实验进一步阐明。
综上所述,B4-5固碳能力的显著提升源于多个非CBB途径基因的协同突变:spoⅡEnprR可能通过调控细胞生理状态延长固碳活跃期;glnQ优化碳氮代谢平衡;murB可能通过中心代谢重编程影响碳源分配(图6)。这种“外围基因调控核心通路”的模式揭示了微生物固碳能力优化的系统性和复杂性,为设计高效固碳工程菌提供了新思路。
需指出的是,上述机制推测主要基于基因功能注释和已有文献,B4-5中具体的分子机制仍需进一步验证。后续研究可通过以下策略深入解析:(1) 转录组学分析,比较B4和B4-5的全局基因表达差异;(2) 代谢组学检测,定量分析关键代谢物(PEP、G3P、Gln、Glu等)浓度变化;(3) 13C代谢通量分析,解析碳流在不同代谢途径间的分配比例;(4) 基因回补实验,验证各突变基因对固碳性能的独立贡献。通过系统整合多组学数据,可构建“基因变异-代谢重构-表型强化”的完整调控网络,为微生物固碳功能强化提供理论指导。
(1) 采用ARTP诱变技术成功筛选获得高效固碳突变B4-5,其RubisCO活性较出发菌B4提高33.16%,连续传代20代后酶活性保持稳定(P>0.05),表现出良好的遗传稳定性。13C同位素标记实验显示,B4-5的碳同化量与固碳速率分别较B4提升72.54%和72.61%。全基因组注释显示,2株菌均完整保留了CBB循环关键酶编码基因,证实其依赖CBB途径实现CO2固定。
(2) 全基因组比较分析表明,B4与B4-5基因组高度保守,序列相似度>98.50%,未检测到大规模染色体重排及片段缺失/重复等结构变异,且连续20代传代数据显示RubisCO酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05),表明突变株的遗传背景稳定,为其固碳相关表型的遗传稳定性提供了分子支撑。
(3) 基因组变异分析鉴定出4个关键非同义突变基因(spoⅡEnprRglnQmurB),均不直接参与CBB循环但与固碳性能提升显著相关。功能分析提示,上述基因可能通过调控孢子形成、优化碳氮代谢平衡及影响肽聚糖合成等途径,协同提升CBB循环运行效率。本研究揭示了“外围基因调控核心通路”的固碳强化模式,为微生物固碳功能定向改良提供了理论依据和技术参考。
  • 中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(2023ZZ1303)
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2026年第66卷第6期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250910
  • 接收时间:2025-12-06
  • 首发时间:2026-06-17
  • 出版时间:2026-06-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-12-06
  • 录用日期:2025-12-29
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the Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited(2023ZZ1303)
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(2023ZZ1303)
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    1.中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京
    2.中国石油大学(北京) 化学工程与环境学院,北京
    3.石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京
    4.太原理工大学 环境与生态学院,山西 太原
    5.大庆油田水务环保公司,黑龙江 大庆
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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