Article(id=1274057387355968266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250777, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1760544000000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1763913600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineDate=1781688551987, onlineDateStr=2026-06-17, pubDate=1780502400000, pubDateStr=2026-06-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1781688551987, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-06-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1781688551987, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781688551987, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1274057338156769818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2026', volume='66', issue='6', pageStart='2561', pageEnd='3114', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1781688540257, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781688602467, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1274057599193486082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1274057599193486083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1274057338156769818, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2745, endPage=2756, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1274057387733455628, articleId=1274057387355968266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Vegetation types affect nitrite reductase genes in soils at different depths of the Minjiang River estuary wetland, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective Coastal wetlands are important natural sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), and the distribution of denitrification genes nirS and nirK directly influences their N2O emission potential. Vegetation types can significantly regulate the abundance of these genes by altering soil physicochemical properties and carbon-nitrogen availability, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Soils were collected from five representative habitats—Kandelia obovata (mangrove), Spartina alterniflora, Cyperus malaccensis, Phragmites australis, and unvegetated mudflat—in the Minjiang River estuary wetland at depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm. The abundance of nirS and nirK was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR, and their environmental drivers were analyzed through random forest modeling and correlation analysis. Results The abundance of nirS and nirK in all the vegetated soils was significantly higher than that in the unvegetated mudflat, with the highest values observed in the surface soil (0-10 cm) under P. australis. Both genes showed significantly decreased abundance as the soil depth increased, presenting a distinct surface enrichment effect. The nirS/nirK ratio was greater than 5 across all soil samples, indicating the dominance of nirS-type denitrifiers. The mangrove surface soil exhibited the highest nirS/nirK ratio, likely due to low dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels limiting nirK-type denitrifiers. Random forest analysis identified soil electrical conductivity as the primary driver of nirS and nirK abundance, while available phosphorus (AP) was the dominant factor influencing the nirS/nirK ratio. High salinity promoted the enrichment of both genes, whereas high AP concentrations increased the nirS/nirK ratio. Conclusion Vegetation type and soil depth jointly shape the distribution patterns of nitrite reductase genes in the Minjiang River estuary wetland by regulating soil salinity, DOC, and nutrient availability. The results provide insights for nitrogen cycle management in coastal wetlands.

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目的 滨海湿地是重要的氧化亚氮排放源,反硝化功能基因nirSnirK的分布直接影响其排放潜力。植被类型可通过改变土壤理化环境和碳氮有效性显著调控反硝化功能基因丰度,但其作用机制尚待明确。 方法 以闽江口的红树林、互花米草、短叶茳芏、芦苇4种典型植被湿地及裸露光滩为研究对象,按0-10、10-20、20-30 cm分层采集土壤样品,采用荧光定量PCR技术测定nirSnirK基因丰度,利用随机森林模型和相关性分析解析nirSnirK基因的主要驱动因子。 结果 4种植被覆盖区土壤nirSnirK基因丰度均显著高于裸露光滩,其中芦苇表层土壤nirSnirK基因丰度最高;随着土层加深,nirSnirK丰度显著下降,呈现出明显的“表聚效应”。各土壤中nirS/nirK比值均大于5,表明nirS型反硝化菌占优势。红树林表层土壤nirS/nirK比值最高,可能是由于其可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon, DOC)含量较低对nirK型菌形成限制。随机森林分析显示,土壤电导率是nirSnirK丰度的最主要驱动因子,而速效磷主导nirS/nirK比值变化。高盐环境有助于富集nirSnirK基因,而高速效磷含量有利于提高nirS/nirK比值。 结论 植被类型与土层深度通过调控土壤盐分、DOC、养分含量等理化条件共同塑造了闽江口湿地亚硝酸盐还原基因的分布格局,为湿地氮循环管理和调控提供科学依据。

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作者贡献声明

何铁君:数据分析、撰写文章;叶桂萍:样品采集、修改文章;杨平:样地布设、修改文章;林永新:提出概念、获取基金、修改文章。

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Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(10): 3473-3481 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088087668941530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=2, pageStart=129, pageEnd=138, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=52, authorNames=刘株秀, 刘俊杰, 胡晓婧, 金剑, 王光华, journalName=土壤与作物, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘株秀, 刘俊杰, 胡晓婧, 金剑, 王光华. 土壤剖面微生物群落分布规律研究进展[J]. 土壤与作物, 2022, 11(2): 129-138., articleTitle=土壤剖面微生物群落分布规律研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088087748633307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=2, pageStart=129, pageEnd=138, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=53, authorNames=Liu ZX, Liu JJ, Hu XJ, Jin J, Wang GH, journalName=Soils and Crops, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu ZX, Liu JJ, Hu XJ, Jin J, Wang GH. Research progress on the distribution of microbial community in soil profile[J]. Soils and Crops, 2022, 11(2): 129-138 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1274088087832519388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=49, issue=8, pageStart=1243, pageEnd=1246, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=54, authorNames=Fischer D, Uksa M, Tischler W, Kautz T, Köpke U, Schloter M, journalName=Biology and Fertility of Soils, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fischer D, Uksa M, Tischler W, Kautz T, Köpke U, Schloter M. Abundance of ammonia oxidizing microbes and denitrifiers in different soil horizons of an agricultural soil in relation to the cultivated crops[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2013, 49(8): 1243-1246., articleTitle=Abundance of ammonia oxidizing microbes and denitrifiers in different soil horizons of an agricultural soil in relation to the cultivated crops, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1274088081381679778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, awardId=42377301, language=EN, fundingSource=the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1274088081448788643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, awardId=42377301, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42377301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1274088081515897508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, awardId=MJY20012, language=EN, fundingSource=the Talent Introduction Program of Minjiang University(MJY20012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1274088081595589285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, awardId=MJY20012, language=CN, fundingSource=闽江学院引进人才预研项目(MJY20012), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1274088065728537189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065736925798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065728537189, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065749508711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065728537189, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.福建师范大学,福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建 福州)]), AuthorCompany(id=1274088065816617576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065825006185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065816617576, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065837589098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065816617576, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.福建师范大学 地理科学学院,福建 福州)]), AuthorCompany(id=1274088065946641004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065955029613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065946641004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274088065959223918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, companyId=1274088065946641004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1274088075119583890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Transformation pathway of microbial denitrification., figureFileSmall=kMw+LSYRp50Pm7RgG/z4GA==, figureFileBig=zUpqxcXS7C9SJFJccdnKjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088076612756115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图1, caption=微生物反硝化过程, figureFileSmall=kMw+LSYRp50Pm7RgG/z4GA==, figureFileBig=zUpqxcXS7C9SJFJccdnKjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088076734390932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Copy numbers of nirS gene in different soil layers under different vegetation types. Significant differences between different vegetation types and soil layers were tested using one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) method (P<0.05). Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM, n=5). Different uppercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences between different vegetation types in the same soil layer (P<0.05), while different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different soil layers of the same vegetation type (P<0.05). The same below., figureFileSmall=5IJXBK4hDWG5OQK70MS8Gw==, figureFileBig=nIj2vXYlfA1ApNQvniVPUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088076805694101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同植被类型下不同土层中 nirS 基因拷贝数, figureFileSmall=5IJXBK4hDWG5OQK70MS8Gw==, figureFileBig=nIj2vXYlfA1ApNQvniVPUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088076872802966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Copy numbers of nirK gene in different soil layers under different vegetation types., figureFileSmall=nxncugUIXELCA7z18t81cQ==, figureFileBig=wFIczFA70lYjmmZWPpH2Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088076935717527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同植被类型下不同土层中 nirK 基因拷贝数, figureFileSmall=nxncugUIXELCA7z18t81cQ==, figureFileBig=wFIczFA70lYjmmZWPpH2Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077057352344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=The ratio of nirS to nirK in different soil layers under different vegetation types., figureFileSmall=uHe1WD+0PVuP8CwRGW2PoQ==, figureFileBig=E19B0D8hxjwdStJDpEcvsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077145432729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同植被类型下不同土层中 nirSnirK 的比值, figureFileSmall=uHe1WD+0PVuP8CwRGW2PoQ==, figureFileBig=E19B0D8hxjwdStJDpEcvsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077216735898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Relative importance of soil physicochemical properties in the prediction of the nirS (A), nirK (B)genes, and nirS/nirK ratio (C) by the random forest model. TC: Total carbon; TN: Total nitrogen; DOC: Dissolved organic carbon; NH4+-N: Ammonium nitrogen; NO3--N: Nitrate nitrogen; AP: Available phosphorus; EC: Electrical conductivity. The same below., figureFileSmall=LhC8Dgl7KGCVlHOvSzml2g==, figureFileBig=GMDcMHyg77n6bbLdjHhSxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077313204891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图5, caption=随机森林模型预测土壤理化性质对 nirS (A)nirK (B)基因及 nirS/nirK (C)的相对重要性, figureFileSmall=LhC8Dgl7KGCVlHOvSzml2g==, figureFileBig=GMDcMHyg77n6bbLdjHhSxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077384508060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Correlation between nirS (A), nirK (B) genes and nirS/nirK (C) and soil physicochemical properties., figureFileSmall=SL8DdBa8Id0khyEMjk4qtw==, figureFileBig=JI2qZJxqlPuuvT5X4SPooA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077451616925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=图6, caption=nirS (A)nirK (B)基因及 nirS/nirK (C)与土壤理化性质的相关性, figureFileSmall=SL8DdBa8Id0khyEMjk4qtw==, figureFileBig=JI2qZJxqlPuuvT5X4SPooA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274088077527114398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Soil physicochemical properties under different vegetation types

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

Vegetation

types

Soil

depth/

cm

pH

Total

carbon/

(g/kg)

Total

nitrogen/

(g/kg)

Dissolved

organic

carbon/

(mg/kg)

NH4+-N/

(mg/kg)

NO3--N/

(mg/kg)

Available

phosphorus/

(mg/kg)

Electrical

conductivity/

(mS/cm)

红树林

Kandelia

obovata

0-106.70±0.04Ba17.11±1.47BCa1.31±0.12Ba61.15±3.06BCa4.19±0.35Aa0.13±0.02Cb

11.61±

2.85Aa

3.67±

0.23Ba

10-206.76±0.07Ba15.38±1.41Aa1.19±0.10Ba86.98±12.78ABa4.30±0.41Ba0.10±0.03Bb14.22±3.48Aa3.36±0.18ABa
20-306.87±0.06Ca14.30±0.91Aa1.13±0.04Ba92.65±28.81Ba4.21±0.29Ba0.27±0.01Da

10.29±

2.28Ba

3.43±0.37ABa

短叶茳芏

Cyperus

malaccensis

0-106.71±0.05Bb18.67±0.49ABa1.48±0.03Ba176.62±39.98Aa5.08±0.89Aa0.37±0.00ABa7.34±1.14ABb3.95±0.14ABa
10-206.82±0.05Bb14.53±0.18Ab1.25±0.02ABb77.77±7.62ABb4.00±0.14Ba0.35±0.01Aa7.06±1.35BCb3.30±0.08ABb
20-307.07±0.06Ba14.24±0.50Ab1.20±0.02Bb126.35±3.97ABab5.16±0.23Ba0.37±0.01ABa

12.45±

1.07Ba

2.88±

0.12Bc

互花米草

Spartina

alterniflora

0-106.98±0.01Ab15.37±0.51Ca1.29±0.04Ba97.40±5.70Bb5.33±0.26Ab0.41±0.02Aa12.74±2.22Aa

4.25±

0.20Aa

10-206.84±0.10Bb14.89±0.27Aa1.17±0.01Bb101.14±16.39Ab5.82±0.31Aab0.38±0.02Aab16.53±1.36Aa

3.01±

0.23Bb

20-307.28±0.04Aa14.35±0.22Aa1.14±0.02Bb158.46±20.94Aa7.92±1.16Aa0.33±0.01Cb17.36±1.48Aa

2.20±

0.17Cc

芦苇

Phragmites

australis

0-106.67±0.04Bb20.33±0.78Aa1.67±0.06Aa86.08±9.23BCa4.93±0.29Aab0.33±0.01Bb12.54±1.37Aa

4.24±

0.06Aa

10-206.80±0.02Ba15.48±0.23Ab1.35±0.02Ab63.40±6.76Ba4.31±0.04Bb0.38±0.01Aa11.41±1.10ABa

3.71±

0.09Ab

20-306.88±0.02Ca15.29±0.37Ab1.32±0.03Ab80.98±12.61Ba5.24±0.36Ba0.40±0.01Aa

8.24±

2.09Ba

3.53±

0.09Ab

光滩

Bare tidal

flat

0-107.02±0.08Aa1.82±0.29Da0.21±0.03Ca32.34±3.46Ca4.28±0.07Aa0.33±0.00Bb

3.99±

0.60Ba

1.88±

0.11Ca

10-207.06±0.08Aa1.12±0.41Bab0.13±0.02Cb25.72±3.13Ca3.68±0.17Bb0.35±0.01Aa

1.87±

0.46Cb

1.31±

0.08Cb

20-307.02±0.08BCa0.77±0.21Bb0.09±0.02Cb10.59±1.30Cb3.73±0.16Bb0.35±0.01BCab

2.37±

0.44Cb

1.16±

0.06Db

Vegetation types************************
Soil depth*********ns****ns***

Vegetation types×

soil depth

***ns******ns***
), ArticleFig(id=1274088077619389087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同植被类型下土壤基本理化性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

Vegetation

types

Soil

depth/

cm

pH

Total

carbon/

(g/kg)

Total

nitrogen/

(g/kg)

Dissolved

organic

carbon/

(mg/kg)

NH4+-N/

(mg/kg)

NO3--N/

(mg/kg)

Available

phosphorus/

(mg/kg)

Electrical

conductivity/

(mS/cm)

红树林

Kandelia

obovata

0-106.70±0.04Ba17.11±1.47BCa1.31±0.12Ba61.15±3.06BCa4.19±0.35Aa0.13±0.02Cb

11.61±

2.85Aa

3.67±

0.23Ba

10-206.76±0.07Ba15.38±1.41Aa1.19±0.10Ba86.98±12.78ABa4.30±0.41Ba0.10±0.03Bb14.22±3.48Aa3.36±0.18ABa
20-306.87±0.06Ca14.30±0.91Aa1.13±0.04Ba92.65±28.81Ba4.21±0.29Ba0.27±0.01Da

10.29±

2.28Ba

3.43±0.37ABa

短叶茳芏

Cyperus

malaccensis

0-106.71±0.05Bb18.67±0.49ABa1.48±0.03Ba176.62±39.98Aa5.08±0.89Aa0.37±0.00ABa7.34±1.14ABb3.95±0.14ABa
10-206.82±0.05Bb14.53±0.18Ab1.25±0.02ABb77.77±7.62ABb4.00±0.14Ba0.35±0.01Aa7.06±1.35BCb3.30±0.08ABb
20-307.07±0.06Ba14.24±0.50Ab1.20±0.02Bb126.35±3.97ABab5.16±0.23Ba0.37±0.01ABa

12.45±

1.07Ba

2.88±

0.12Bc

互花米草

Spartina

alterniflora

0-106.98±0.01Ab15.37±0.51Ca1.29±0.04Ba97.40±5.70Bb5.33±0.26Ab0.41±0.02Aa12.74±2.22Aa

4.25±

0.20Aa

10-206.84±0.10Bb14.89±0.27Aa1.17±0.01Bb101.14±16.39Ab5.82±0.31Aab0.38±0.02Aab16.53±1.36Aa

3.01±

0.23Bb

20-307.28±0.04Aa14.35±0.22Aa1.14±0.02Bb158.46±20.94Aa7.92±1.16Aa0.33±0.01Cb17.36±1.48Aa

2.20±

0.17Cc

芦苇

Phragmites

australis

0-106.67±0.04Bb20.33±0.78Aa1.67±0.06Aa86.08±9.23BCa4.93±0.29Aab0.33±0.01Bb12.54±1.37Aa

4.24±

0.06Aa

10-206.80±0.02Ba15.48±0.23Ab1.35±0.02Ab63.40±6.76Ba4.31±0.04Bb0.38±0.01Aa11.41±1.10ABa

3.71±

0.09Ab

20-306.88±0.02Ca15.29±0.37Ab1.32±0.03Ab80.98±12.61Ba5.24±0.36Ba0.40±0.01Aa

8.24±

2.09Ba

3.53±

0.09Ab

光滩

Bare tidal

flat

0-107.02±0.08Aa1.82±0.29Da0.21±0.03Ca32.34±3.46Ca4.28±0.07Aa0.33±0.00Bb

3.99±

0.60Ba

1.88±

0.11Ca

10-207.06±0.08Aa1.12±0.41Bab0.13±0.02Cb25.72±3.13Ca3.68±0.17Bb0.35±0.01Aa

1.87±

0.46Cb

1.31±

0.08Cb

20-307.02±0.08BCa0.77±0.21Bb0.09±0.02Cb10.59±1.30Cb3.73±0.16Bb0.35±0.01BCab

2.37±

0.44Cb

1.16±

0.06Db

Vegetation types************************
Soil depth*********ns****ns***

Vegetation types×

soil depth

***ns******ns***
), ArticleFig(id=1274088081113244320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Two-way ANOVA of the effects of vegetation type, depth and their interaction on the abundance of nirK, nirS and nirS/nirK genes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GenesVegetation typesSoil depthVegetation types×soil depth
FPFPFP
nirS41.1780.00152.0710.0012.8750.009
nirK36.9360.00150.8610.0012.6100.016
nirS/nirK5.1950.0012.5910.0832.5270.019
), ArticleFig(id=1274088081209713313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1274057387355968266, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

植被类型和土层深度及其交互作用对 nirKnirSnirS/nirK 基因丰度影响的双因素方差分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GenesVegetation typesSoil depthVegetation types×soil depth
FPFPFP
nirS41.1780.00152.0710.0012.8750.009
nirK36.9360.00150.8610.0012.6100.016
nirS/nirK5.1950.0012.5910.0832.5270.019
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植被类型对闽江河口湿地不同深度土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因的影响
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何铁君 1, 2 , 叶桂萍 3 , 杨平 1, 2 , 林永新 1, 2
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026,66(6): 2745-2756
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2026, 66(6): 2745-2756
植被类型对闽江河口湿地不同深度土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因的影响
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何铁君1, 2, 叶桂萍3, 杨平1, 2, 林永新1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.福建师范大学,福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建 福州
  • 2.福建师范大学 地理科学学院,福建 福州
  • 3.闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州
Vegetation types affect nitrite reductase genes in soils at different depths of the Minjiang River estuary wetland
Tiejun HE1, 2, Guiping YE3, Ping YANG1, 2, Yongxin LIN1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
  • 2.School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
  • 3.College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
出版时间: 2026-06-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250777
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目的 滨海湿地是重要的氧化亚氮排放源,反硝化功能基因nirSnirK的分布直接影响其排放潜力。植被类型可通过改变土壤理化环境和碳氮有效性显著调控反硝化功能基因丰度,但其作用机制尚待明确。 方法 以闽江口的红树林、互花米草、短叶茳芏、芦苇4种典型植被湿地及裸露光滩为研究对象,按0-10、10-20、20-30 cm分层采集土壤样品,采用荧光定量PCR技术测定nirSnirK基因丰度,利用随机森林模型和相关性分析解析nirSnirK基因的主要驱动因子。 结果 4种植被覆盖区土壤nirSnirK基因丰度均显著高于裸露光滩,其中芦苇表层土壤nirSnirK基因丰度最高;随着土层加深,nirSnirK丰度显著下降,呈现出明显的“表聚效应”。各土壤中nirS/nirK比值均大于5,表明nirS型反硝化菌占优势。红树林表层土壤nirS/nirK比值最高,可能是由于其可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon, DOC)含量较低对nirK型菌形成限制。随机森林分析显示,土壤电导率是nirSnirK丰度的最主要驱动因子,而速效磷主导nirS/nirK比值变化。高盐环境有助于富集nirSnirK基因,而高速效磷含量有利于提高nirS/nirK比值。 结论 植被类型与土层深度通过调控土壤盐分、DOC、养分含量等理化条件共同塑造了闽江口湿地亚硝酸盐还原基因的分布格局,为湿地氮循环管理和调控提供科学依据。

河口湿地  /  红树林  /  互花米草  /  土层深度  /  反硝化

Objective Coastal wetlands are important natural sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), and the distribution of denitrification genes nirS and nirK directly influences their N2O emission potential. Vegetation types can significantly regulate the abundance of these genes by altering soil physicochemical properties and carbon-nitrogen availability, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Soils were collected from five representative habitats—Kandelia obovata (mangrove), Spartina alterniflora, Cyperus malaccensis, Phragmites australis, and unvegetated mudflat—in the Minjiang River estuary wetland at depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm. The abundance of nirS and nirK was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR, and their environmental drivers were analyzed through random forest modeling and correlation analysis. Results The abundance of nirS and nirK in all the vegetated soils was significantly higher than that in the unvegetated mudflat, with the highest values observed in the surface soil (0-10 cm) under P. australis. Both genes showed significantly decreased abundance as the soil depth increased, presenting a distinct surface enrichment effect. The nirS/nirK ratio was greater than 5 across all soil samples, indicating the dominance of nirS-type denitrifiers. The mangrove surface soil exhibited the highest nirS/nirK ratio, likely due to low dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels limiting nirK-type denitrifiers. Random forest analysis identified soil electrical conductivity as the primary driver of nirS and nirK abundance, while available phosphorus (AP) was the dominant factor influencing the nirS/nirK ratio. High salinity promoted the enrichment of both genes, whereas high AP concentrations increased the nirS/nirK ratio. Conclusion Vegetation type and soil depth jointly shape the distribution patterns of nitrite reductase genes in the Minjiang River estuary wetland by regulating soil salinity, DOC, and nutrient availability. The results provide insights for nitrogen cycle management in coastal wetlands.

estuary wetland  /  mangrove  /  Spartina alterniflora  /  soil depths  /  denitrification
何铁君, 叶桂萍, 杨平, 林永新. 植被类型对闽江河口湿地不同深度土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因的影响. 微生物学报, 2026 , 66 (6) : 2745 -2756 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250777
Tiejun HE, Guiping YE, Ping YANG, Yongxin LIN. Vegetation types affect nitrite reductase genes in soils at different depths of the Minjiang River estuary wetland[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2026 , 66 (6) : 2745 -2756 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250777
过去2个多世纪以来,大气中氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide, N2O)浓度已从工业化前的273 nmol/mol上升至336 nmol/mol[1],并持续攀升。作为强效温室气体和臭氧消耗物,N2O对全球气候变化具有重要影响。最新研究表明,全球湿地每年贡献约(0.97±0.70) Tg的N2O排放[2],成为除森林土壤之外的重要自然源。由于湿地土壤长期处于厌氧或缺氧状态,N2O的产生主要依赖于微生物介导的反硝化过程[3]。反硝化是硝酸盐(nitrate, NO3-)逐步还原为亚硝酸盐(nitrite, NO2-)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)、N2O及最终氮气(nitrogen, N2)的过程[4],其中NO2-向NO的转化是N2O产生的关键环节[5],该过程由nirSnirK基因编码的亚硝酸还原酶(nitrite reductase, Nir)共同催化[6-7]。因此揭示湿地中nirSnirK的分布格局及其环境驱动机制,是理解与调控湿地N2O排放潜力的关键环节。反硝化过程以及Nir发挥作用的具体步骤如图1所示。
滨海湿地作为陆海过渡带生态系统,具有明显的水盐梯度和植被异质性,不同植被类型显著改变了土壤的生物地球化学过程。一方面,植被通过凋落物输入和根系分泌物直接调节土壤微生物群落的组成与活性,从而影响反硝化功能基因的丰度和表达[8];另一方面,不同植被类型还能通过改变土壤pH、总碳(total carbon, TC)、总氮(total nitrogen, TN)以及可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon, DOC)等理化性质,间接塑造反硝化微生物的群落结构与功能[4,9]。已有研究指出,nirS型反硝化菌对土壤pH和植物多样性较为敏感,而nirK型反硝化菌群除受pH调控外,还与硝酸盐(NO3-)浓度密切相关[10-11]。此外,盐度梯度被认为是滨海湿地反硝化群落结构的重要驱动因子,可通过调节微生物的渗透压适应与碳氮代谢能力,影响nirSnirK的生态分布[12]。然而,这些影响机制在不同植被类型和垂直土层梯度上的适用性仍存在较大不确定性。
不同植被类型与土层深度对反硝化功能基因丰度的影响在不同地区表现不一。例如Zou等[13]发现,以草本植物为主的湿地中nirS基因丰度显著高于灌木型湿地;而在山东沿海湿地中,芦苇(Phragmites australis)土壤中nirK基因丰度普遍高于nirS[14]。此外,土层深度也可通过调控氧气扩散、碳氮可利用性及微生物活性影响反硝化潜力[15]。在三江平原湿地中,深层土壤较高的DOC与硝态氮(nitrate nitrogen, NO3--N)含量被认为是nirSnirK丰度升高的重要原因[16]。然而,关于滨海湿地中不同植被类型与土层深度对反硝化功能基因丰度及其关键环境驱动因子的协同影响,目前尚缺乏系统研究。
闽江河口湿地位于中国东南沿海,是典型的潮汐作用强烈、植被类型多样的滨海湿地系统。该区域兼具红树林、短叶茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)及裸露光滩等典型生境类型,其复杂的水盐动态和植被结构为探究反硝化微生物的群落分布提供了理想平台。本研究基于闽江口不同植被类型与土层深度(0-30 cm)的样品,采用荧光定量PCR技术定量分析nirSnirK基因丰度,结合土壤理化性质与随机森林模型探讨其关键环境驱动因子,旨在揭示不同植被类型及土层深度下反硝化功能基因的空间分布格局,阐明影响nirSnirK丰度变化的主要环境因子及潜在机制。
研究区位于福建省闽江口鳝鱼滩湿地(26°01′46″N,119°37′31″E),地处闽江入海口南侧,总面积约3 120 hm2。该区域属南亚热带海洋性季风气候,气候暖湿,年均气温约19.3 ℃,年降水量约1 350 mm,四季温差较小。土壤以滨海盐土为主,pH值从弱酸性到中性不等。主要植被类型包括红树林(Kandelia obovata)、短叶茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)及裸露光滩。
在研究区分别选取上述5类典型生境(红树林、短叶茳芏、互花米草、芦苇、光滩)作为采样类别。每个生境设置5个重复样点(样点间距与布局按五点采样法布设),在每个重复点按垂直方向分层采集0-10、10-20、20-30 cm 3个土层的土壤样品。每个重复样点由该点周围5个等距的子样混合而成,以减少微尺度空间异质性的影响。采样时剔除明显的石块与地表植被残体,将样品置于预冷的保温箱(含冰袋)中带回实验室。
到实验室后,样品分成两部分:一部分新鲜土样过2 mm筛后置于-80 ℃冷冻保存,用于分子生物学分析(DNA提取);另一份土样自然风干,过2 mm筛后用于土壤理化性质测定。所有样品在后续处理过程中尽量避免反复冻融与长时间室温放置。
土壤pH、总碳(TC)、总氮(TN)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、铵态氮(ammonium nitrogen, NH4⁺-N)、NO3--N与有效磷(available phosphorus, AP)的测定均参照Lin等[17]的方法执行。土壤pH在5:1水土比下测定。TC、TN利用碳氮元素分析仪(Elementar公司)测定。称取10 g (烘干重计)过4 mm筛的鲜土,加入100 mL 2 mol/L的KCl溶液,250 r/min振荡1 h,过滤后用流动分析仪(Skalar公司)测定浸提液中NH4+和NO3-浓度。可溶性有机碳(DOC)用去离子水浸提,振荡30 min,在4 000 r/min离心10 min,过0.45 μm聚醚砜(polyethersulfone)滤膜,在液态碳氮元素分析仪(Elementar公司)上测定。土壤速效磷(AP)通过使用0.012 5 mol/L的H2SO4在0.052 mol/L HCl中提取,其浓度通过钼蓝比色法测定。土壤电导率(electrical conductivity, EC)采用电导率仪[上海仪电(集团)有限公司]测定,水土比为5:1。
采用FastDNA SPIN Kit for Soil (MP Biomedicals公司)试剂盒,按照试剂盒说明书从土壤样品中提取总DNA[4]。反硝化功能基因nirSnirK的丰度通过实时荧光定量PCR (quantitative real-time PCR, qPCR)的方法,在定量PCR仪(Bio-Rad公司)上进行测定[5]。各个基因扩增所需的引物序列、反应条件和标准曲线的制作参照宛颂等[18]所述方法,本研究中各反应的熔解曲线均为单峰,扩增效率为82.8%-94.9%,R2介于0.991-0.998之间。
实验数据使用Excel 2019进行初步处理,采用SPSS 27.0软件进行统计分析。不同植被类型与土层之间的显著性差异通过单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)和最小显著差异法(LSD,P<0.05)进行检验。基于R 4.5.1软件,通过RandomForest包构建随机森林模型,将pH、EC、DOC、TC、TN、NH4⁺-N、NO3--N、AP等土壤理化因子作为自变量,以nirSnirKnirS/nirK为响应变量,量化因子影响权重并识别关键因子。采用双因素方差分析(two-way ANOVA)检验植被类型与土层深度对上述指标的交互影响。反硝化功能基因与土壤理化因子之间的相关性通过Pearson分析进行评估。图表绘制使用Origin 2024软件。
表1可知,不同植被类型对土壤pH、TC、TN、DOC、NH4+-N、NO3--N、AP及EC均具有极显著影响(P<0.001)。在0-10 cm土层,光滩土壤的pH值最高,为7.02,显著高于各植被类型土壤;短叶茳芏土壤的DOC含量最高,达176.62 mg/kg,显著高于其他植被类型和光滩土壤;芦苇土壤的TC和TN含量最高,分别为20.33 g/kg和1.67 g/kg,显著高于互花米草、红树林及光滩土壤;互花米草土壤的铵态氮和硝态氮含量最高,分别为5.33 mg/kg和0.41 mg/kg,显著高于红树林土壤。光滩土壤的TC、TN、DOC、AP和EC含量均显著低于各植被类型土壤。在10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层中植被类型对土壤理化性质的影响仍显著,但变化规律与0-10 cm土层不尽相同。
土层深度对土壤pH、EC、TC、TN和NO3--N含量具有极显著影响(P<0.001)。随土层加深,各植被类型土壤pH均呈升高趋势,而TC、TN和EC则普遍降低。土壤DOC在不同植被类型下变化规律不同:红树林和互花米草土壤DOC随土层加深而增加,而光滩土壤则呈相反趋势。土壤AP在短叶茳芏的20-30 cm土层中显著高于0-10 cm和10-20 cm土层,在光滩的0-10 cm土层显著高于10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层,其他植被类型不同土层中无显著差异。土壤铵态氮和硝态氮随土层深度的变化因植被类型而异,但整体变异较小。不同植被类型与土层深度的交互作用对土壤pH、TC、DOC、NH4+-N、NO3--N含量及EC有显著影响(P<0.05)。
如图2-3所示,植被类型对反硝化基因nirSnirK的拷贝数均具有显著影响(P<0.05)。其中,各植被类型土壤的nirSnirK基因拷贝数在各个土层中均显著高于光滩。在0-10 cm土层,植被类型对nirS基因拷贝数无显著影响。在10-20 cm土层,芦苇的nirS基因拷贝数最高,为6.13×108 copies/g,显著高于红树林。在20-30 cm土层,红树林的nirS基因拷贝数最高,为2.81×108 copies/g,但与其他植被类型无显著差异。在0-10 cm土层,芦苇的nirK基因拷贝数最高,为1.22×108 copies/g,显著高于红树林。在10-20 cm土层,短叶茳芏的nirK基因拷贝数最高,为4.47×107 copies/g,显著高于红树林和互花米草。在20-30 cm土层,红树林的nirK基因拷贝数最高,为1.81×107 copies/g,但与其他植被类型无显著差异。除红树林外,其他植被类型和光滩土壤的nirSnirK基因拷贝数均随土层深度增加而降低。芦苇、互花米草和光滩0-10 cm土层nirSnirK基因拷贝数显著高于10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层,短叶茳芏0-10 cm和10-20 cm土层nirSnirK基因拷贝数显著高于20-30 cm土层。
图4可知,植被类型对nirS/nirK比值也有显著影响。在0-10 cm土层,红树林的nirS/nirK比值最高,为22.58,显著高于短叶茳芏,但与其他植被和光滩无显著差异;在10-20 cm土层,芦苇的nirSnirK比值为19.99,显著高于光滩,但与其他植被类型无显著差异。在20-30 cm土层,短叶茳芏的nirS/nirK比值为16.10,显著高于光滩,但与其他植被类型无显著差异。土层深度仅对光滩的nirS/nirK比值有显著影响,0-10 cm土层的比值为15.29,显著高于10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层。
双因素方差分析表明,植被类型和土层深度均显著影响nirSnirK基因丰度(P<0.001),但土层深度的F值略高于植被类型。植被类型显著影响nirSnirK比值(P<0.001),植被类型和土层深度交互作用也对nirSnirK基因丰度及nirS/nirK有显著影响(P<0.05)。然而,土层深度对nirSnirK比值均无显著影响(表2)。
随机森林模型分析表明(图5),土壤电导率是影响nirSnirK基因丰度的最主要环境因子,而土壤速效磷含量是影响nirS/nirK比值的最主要因子。此外,土壤总碳、总氮、可溶性有机碳也对nirSnirK基因丰度具有重要影响。
相关分析结果(图6)显示,土壤电导率、总碳、总氮、可溶性有机碳和速效磷含量均与nirSnirK基因丰度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而与土壤pH呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。此外,速效磷、土壤电导率、总碳和总氮含量与nirS/nirK比值均呈显著正相关(P<0.01) (图6)。
本研究表明,与裸露光滩相比,红树林、互花米草、短叶茳芏和芦苇覆盖的土壤中nirSnirK功能基因的丰度均显著升高。植被通过凋落物输入和根系分泌物释放大量有机质,经微生物矿化后可增加无机氮供应,从而为反硝化菌群提供充足底物。已有研究显示,植被覆盖显著提升土壤净氮矿化率,促进NH4+-N供应和有效氮保持[19],与本研究结果一致。孔维波等[20]也发现,植被恢复可提高土壤固氮和反硝化功能基因丰度,进一步印证了本研究的推断。4种植被类型之间的nirSnirK丰度差异总体较小,然而在0-10 cm土层中芦苇土壤的nirSnirK丰度整体上最高。这一现象可由三方面解释。(1) 植物特性:芦苇作为一种多年生挺水植物,其强大的环境适应能力不仅可能富集大量携带氮转化功能基因的微生物,还可通过根系分泌小分子酸等有机物,为反硝化菌生命活动提供必需的碳源,从而高效驱动氮循环过程[21-22]。(2) 碳氮营养效应:芦苇土壤总碳和总氮含量最高,且二者与nirSnirK丰度显著正相关(P<0.001),为反硝化菌提供了更多可利用底物[23-24]。(3) 酸碱度调控:芦苇土壤pH最低,而pH与两类基因丰度呈显著负相关。这可能由于本研究的土壤均是中性土壤,pH值的适当降低并不会胁迫反硝化菌生长。此外,相对较低的pH环境可通过改变微生物群落组成或酶活性,促进反硝化菌生长和增殖[25-26]。随机森林分析进一步指出,土壤电导率是影响nirSnirK丰度的关键因子。电导率反映可溶性盐分含量,而盐度对反硝化菌群的作用在不同生态系统中存在明显差异:部分研究表明盐度升高抑制nirSnirK丰度[27-29],也有研究发现盐度对其影响不显著[30]。与这些结论不同,本研究中电导率与两类基因丰度呈显著正相关,说明在闽江口湿地的高盐环境下nirSnirK型菌具有生态适应性。这种差异可能由多重机制共同驱动。(1) 渗透压适应:携带nirS的反硝化菌普遍耐盐性强,可通过逐步调节胞内渗透压维持活性[31-32];部分携带nirK的菌株也具备较高的渗透调节能力,在高盐环境中仍能形成优势群落[33-34]。(2) 有机质降解动力学:高盐环境可减缓土壤有机质的分解速率,延长可溶性有机碳(DOC)在土壤中的滞留时间,从而在更长时间尺度上提供稳定的碳底物供给。增加的DOC与硝酸盐为反硝化过程提供充足能源与电子供体,有利于nirSnirK基因携带者的繁殖与代谢。(3) 生态位分化与营养耦合:盐度、碳氮供应及微环境条件的交互作用进一步塑造了两类反硝化菌的生态位分化[35],使其能够在高盐、富碳的湿地环境中保持较高丰度。综合来看,闽江口湿地较高的盐度不仅未抑制,反而可能通过渗透压适应与有机质碳源积累的双重途径促进了nirSnirK功能基因的富集。
在群落组成上,本研究中nirS/nirK比值普遍大于5,表明nirS型反硝化微生物在闽江口湿地占据主导地位。nirSnirK基因编码的酶分别依赖于铁和铜离子[36],而闽江丰富的泥沙沉积携带大量氧化铁和氢氧化铁[37],为nirS型菌提供了更有利的铁资源环境,可能进一步增强其竞争优势。值得注意的是,在0-10 cm表层土壤中红树林的nirS/nirK比值显著高于短叶茳芏。两者均处于潮间带并长期经历淹水环境,因此氧气可得性的差异不足以解释该结果。更合理的解释是碳源有效性的不同:相关性分析表明DOC与nirSnirK基因丰度均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),但多项研究提示nirK型反硝化菌对可利用碳的变化更为敏感[38]。本研究中红树林土壤的DOC含量明显低于短叶茳芏,这一较低的碳供应可能限制了nirK型菌的生长和功能表达,从而拉高了nirS/nirK比值。综合来看,红树林环境相对较低的DOC水平通过限制nirK型菌对碳源的利用,导致其在红树林表层土壤中呈现比短叶茳芏更高的nirS/nirK比值。在10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层中光滩的nirS/nirK比值低于其他4种植被类型。本研究中随机森林模型揭示速效磷是调控反硝化功能基因nirS/nirK比值的关键环境因子。速效磷(AP)作为微生物能量代谢(ATP)与遗传物质(DNA/RNA)合成的必需元素,其充足供应是保障反硝化过程顺利进行的前提[39-40],这也与本研究中观察到的速效磷与nirSnirK基因丰度之间的普遍正相关关系相契合。然而,nirS与速效磷的相关性高于nirK,表明低磷环境可能对nirK型和nirS型反硝化菌产生了不对称的抑制作用。在这一磷限制生境中,nirS型反硝化菌的生存竞争力下降更多,进而导致nirS/nirK比值显著下降。
土层深度也显著影响反硝化基因丰度。0-10 cm表层土壤中nirSnirK拷贝数均显著高于深层。其原因包括:(1) 随深度增加,pH升高而TC、TN和EC下降,且这些理化因子与基因丰度呈显著相关;(2) 表层土壤具备更高的有机质与养分,通气性良好,呈现明显的微生物“表聚效应”[41-42]。植被凋落物及动植物残体主要累积于表层,为反硝化菌群提供丰富营养,从而导致基因丰度沿深度递减[43]
本研究基于单次采样结果,揭示了植被类型与土层深度对反硝化基因空间分布的影响。由于采样设计集中于秋季,未能反映环境因子的季节变异对基因丰度的潜在影响;对高盐促进基因富集及植被调控途径的机制解释仍较初步。未来需结合季节动态监测与分子实验,深入探究环境因子对反硝化微生物的调控机制。
本研究表明,闽江口湿地不同植被类型显著影响土壤理化性质及反硝化功能基因丰度。总体上,植被恢复显著提高了土壤TC、TN、DOC及养分含量,相较之下,光滩土壤贫瘠。nirSnirK基因丰度在各植被类型中均高于光滩,且nirS/nirK比值普遍大于5,表明nirS型反硝化菌占主导。红树林表层土壤nirS/nirK比值最高,可能与其较低的DOC水平对nirK的限制作用有关。随机森林和相关分析表明,土壤电导率是影响nirSnirK丰度的关键因子,而速效磷含量主要驱动nirS/nirK比值变化。这些结果揭示了植被类型通过改变土壤理化环境调控反硝化微生物群落结构的机制。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42377301)
  • 闽江学院引进人才预研项目(MJY20012)
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2026年第66卷第6期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20250777
  • 接收时间:2025-10-16
  • 首发时间:2026-06-17
  • 出版时间:2026-06-04
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-16
  • 录用日期:2025-11-24
基金
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377301)
国家自然科学基金(42377301)
the Talent Introduction Program of Minjiang University(MJY20012)
闽江学院引进人才预研项目(MJY20012)
作者信息
    1.福建师范大学,福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建 福州
    2.福建师范大学 地理科学学院,福建 福州
    3.闽江学院 地理与海洋学院,福建 福州
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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