Article(id=1242175016230547632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240290, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715097600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1724601600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-26, onlineDate=1774087202364, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1735920000000, pubDateStr=2025-01-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774087202364, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774087202364, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774087202364, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242175008705966230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='415', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774087200568, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774087310368, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242175469299270453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242175469299270454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242175008705966230, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=73, endPage=89, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242175019342721285, articleId=1242175016230547632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Influences of air exposure on methane production and composition of microbiome from coalbed formation water, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Microbially enhanced coalbed methane production has become a research hotspot of coalbed methane production in recent years. Methanogens, the essential microorganisms in coalbed methane production, are usually strictly anaerobic and sensitive to oxygen. [Objective] To understand the changes in the methane production and composition of the anaerobic microbiome after exposure to oxygen, we conducted the enrichment culture of coalbed formation water collected from different regions along the east edge of Ordos Basin in China for air exposure experiments. Our findings are expected to provide scientific support for the future in-situ utilization of large-scale anaerobic fermentation products in coalbed methane production. [Methods] We used the enrichment cultures of coalbed formation water collected from Hancheng (HC), Baode (BD), and Linfen (LF) for air exposure for a series of time schedules within 24 h. The air-exposed enrichment cultures were re-inoculated and cultured. The methane production and community succession were analyzed to evaluate the microbiome tolerance to the aerobic condition. [Results] The microorganisms in all the three regions were still active after 24 hours of air exposure and showed the methane production comparable to that before air exposure. The dominant groups involved in the hydrolysis, acidification, and acetoxylation mainly included Firmicutes, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Methanogenic archaea were mainly Methanosarcina, Methanofollis, and Methanobacterium, belonging to Euryarchaeota. [Conclusion] After 24 hours of air exposure, the methane-producing capacity of the microbiome from the coalbed formation water was not affected and was comparable to that before air exposure. The microbiome did not showcase obvious succession, while the relative abundance of different groups changed accordingly. Our study can give scientific support for the in-situ industrial application of anaerobic enrichment culture from deep coalbed seams during coal degrading in methane production.

, correspAuthors=Juanli YUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*YUN Juanli, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiaojie JIANG, Jin ZHOU, Zhidong GUO, Wenhui MENG, Yingming WANG, Yinping BAI, Yuan BAO, Juanli YUN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242175024631739013, articleId=1242175016230547632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=氧气对厌氧煤层菌群产甲烷能力及菌群组成影响, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

微生物增产煤层气成为近年来煤层气领域的研究重点。作为产甲烷过程中的核心微生物——产甲烷古菌,通常是严格厌氧,对氧气敏感。【目的】为了解煤层气产出水厌氧富集培养并进行空气暴露后,产甲烷潜力及菌群结构的变化情况。选取不同煤层气产区煤层产出水,经厌氧富集培养后进行空气暴露实验,探究暴露于好氧环境后菌群的产甲烷能力以及微生物群落变化,可为未来规模化厌氧发酵产物在煤层原位利用煤产气工艺开发提供科学参考。【方法】以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘地区韩城(HC)、保德(BD)和临汾(LF) 3个区块煤层产出水菌群富集产物为研究对象,进行空气暴露实验,在24 h内连续取样,空气暴露后菌液再次接种培养,进行厌氧产气能力监测及微生物菌群组成多样性分析,评估混合菌群对有氧环境的耐受程度及产甲烷能力,同时观察菌群变化情况。【结果】回接培养后,由产甲烷结果可知,三区块空气暴露24 h后微生物仍具有产气能力,而且产气能力与未经空气暴露相当。菌群分析发现:参与前期水解、酸化及乙酸化过程的细菌主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),产甲烷古菌主要为广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)的甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)、产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)和甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)。【结论】在经历24 h空气暴露后,煤层产出水微生物菌群产甲烷能力并未受到影响,产甲烷能力与未接触空气菌群相当;参与甲烷生成菌群组成及菌群变化也不明显,但不同类型微生物的相对丰度有一定变化。本研究有望在厌氧富集菌液应用于煤层原位降解产甲烷工程化应用中具有广泛的应用前景。

, correspAuthors=贠娟莉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2025, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=odTwd/bSAv+kmbo4KBPaQg==, magXml=9q5cfuQscxyIFeyyrSt0Mw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=roac9sq/oQXzlaHQrq+PlQ==, pdfFileSize=1609567, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=JtHbGdMnhIkSbPgt6x+ikw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=JiffmYo8CKe8Yo1WAZ5WGA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=蒋小杰, 周瑾, 郭智栋, 孟文辉, 王英明, 白银萍, 鲍园, 贠娟莉)}, authors=[Author(id=1243299999392580027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, 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articleTitle=Preservation and methane production of methanogenic microbial consortia from coal geological environment in Sihe Mine, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243300008280310731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, awardId=42377113, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377113), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243300008418722769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, awardId=42377113, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42377113), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243299998956372373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299998968955288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299998956372373, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710016, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299998973149592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299998956372373, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 陕西科技大学 环境科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710016)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243299999082201503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299999086395809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299999082201503, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Institute of Engineering and Technology, PetroChina Coalbed Methane Company Limited, Xi'an 710082, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299999094784419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299999082201503, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中石油煤层气有限责任公司工程技术研究院, 陕西 西安 710082)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243299999229002159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299999249973682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299999229002159, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243299999258362291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, companyId=1243299999229002159, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 西安科技大学 地质与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710054)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243300004748706599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Schematic workflow of this study. Coalbed formation water was first enriched in a 500 mL serum vial for air exposure. After being exposed to air for a series of time, cultures from the top, middle, and bottom were transferred into new 150 mL vials for anaerobic incubation, methane production was measured and the final microbial communities were analyzed., figureFileSmall=cNiqYKMGwxgn2ZLycgx78A==, figureFileBig=L2pJ0vILq6Nyc5TEQuWXhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300004866147121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图1, caption=本研究示意图, figureFileSmall=cNiqYKMGwxgn2ZLycgx78A==, figureFileBig=L2pJ0vILq6Nyc5TEQuWXhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005000364859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=ORP shifts in coalbed formation water inoculates after air exposure in three coalbed methane-producing regions. T: Top; M: Middle; B: Bottom; Numbers (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24) represent hours that enrichment samples were air-exposed; CK: ORP in anaerobic environment., figureFileSmall=H/yNvOO4VQkwZCDH+aGY/A==, figureFileBig=ibS7vDHcqYw/FetUSRInzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005105222471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图2, caption=空气接触后各区块产出水微生物富集培养物氧化还原电位变化, figureFileSmall=H/yNvOO4VQkwZCDH+aGY/A==, figureFileBig=ibS7vDHcqYw/FetUSRInzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005218468687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Methane production in coalbed formation water inoculates after air exposure in three coalbed methane-producing regions. A: Methane production in HC top layer. B: Methane production in HC middle layer. C: Methane production in HC bottom layer. D: Methane production in BD top layer. E: Methane production in BD middle layer. F: Methane production in BD bottom layer. G: Methane production in LF top layer. H: Methane production in LF middle layer. I: Methane production in LF bottom layer. J: Methane production after air exposure for 24 h in HC. K: Methane production after air exposure for 24 h in BD. L: Methane production after air exposure for 24 h in LF., figureFileSmall=RxtmZO9+dsDa5dhf0AnBqQ==, figureFileBig=iwnVkEgBGQQVY6YnqEEhXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005331714907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图3, caption=空气接触后菌群再培养各区块菌群产甲烷趋势, figureFileSmall=RxtmZO9+dsDa5dhf0AnBqQ==, figureFileBig=iwnVkEgBGQQVY6YnqEEhXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005449155431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Fisher test analysis of methane production after air exposure in three coalbed methane-producing regions (95% confidence interval). Numbers (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24) represent hours that enrichment samples were air-exposed. a, b, c: each letter represents different groups. If two bars in a bar chart have the same letter, it indicates that the difference between them is not significant. If the letters are different, it indicates that the difference between them is significant., figureFileSmall=fgkJ75zl1Zl+f3PTtncJnQ==, figureFileBig=AFx29osERr7Vs9+QfpHefQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005574984557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图4, caption=空气接触后菌群再培养各区块菌群产甲烷差异分析(95%置信区间,Fisher检验), figureFileSmall=fgkJ75zl1Zl+f3PTtncJnQ==, figureFileBig=AFx29osERr7Vs9+QfpHefQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005713396599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=The bacterial communities of HC, BD and LF enrichment samples shift after re-culturing following air exposure at different layers. A: Bacteria community shifts at the phylum. B: Bacteria community shifts at the genus level. Ori: Original community without air exposure; T: Top; M: Middle; B: Bottom; Numbers (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24) represent hours that enrichment samples were air-exposed., figureFileSmall=ODR5kRxqtvcGCX74rzaDmA==, figureFileBig=HbH3KbnNzPh+tS9y/y/0ag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005818254209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图5, caption=HC、BD、LF富集样品空气接触不同时间菌群再培养后细菌组成变化, figureFileSmall=ODR5kRxqtvcGCX74rzaDmA==, figureFileBig=HbH3KbnNzPh+tS9y/y/0ag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300005918917517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=The archaeal communities of HC, BD and LF enrichment samples shift after re-culturing following air exposure at different layers. A: Archaeal community shifts at the phylum. B: Archaeal community shifts at the genus level. Ori: Original community without air exposure; T: Top; M: Middle; B: Bottom. Numbers (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24) represent hours that enrichment samples were air-exposed., figureFileSmall=CWW3EJ1GsNI7GL2Brc1xRA==, figureFileBig=K2d5zMGg99I37SBbuT3g+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300006027969423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图6, caption=HC、BD、LF富集样品空气接触不同时间菌群再培养后古菌组成变化, figureFileSmall=CWW3EJ1GsNI7GL2Brc1xRA==, figureFileBig=K2d5zMGg99I37SBbuT3g+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300006157992861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Box plot for microbial Shannon index after air exposure at different times in HC, BD, and LF regions. A: Bacterial Shannon index analysis. B: Archaeal Shannon index analysis., figureFileSmall=0M/0cNiwAF6lAc/S9Shr+w==, figureFileBig=VHmJ5IIR3kx8osBSx2bAJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300006275433384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=CN, label=图7, caption=HC、BD、LF富集样品不同空气暴露时间微生物群落Shannon指数箱线图, figureFileSmall=0M/0cNiwAF6lAc/S9Shr+w==, figureFileBig=VHmJ5IIR3kx8osBSx2bAJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243300007839908781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242175016230547632, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Microbial community NMDS (non-metric multidimensional scaling) analysis from HC, BD, and LF regions after air exposure. A: Bacterial NMDS analysis. 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氧气对厌氧煤层菌群产甲烷能力及菌群组成影响
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蒋小杰 1 , 周瑾 1 , 郭智栋 2 , 孟文辉 2 , 王英明 2 , 白银萍 1 , 鲍园 3 , 贠娟莉 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(1): 73-89
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(1): 73-89
氧气对厌氧煤层菌群产甲烷能力及菌群组成影响
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蒋小杰1, 周瑾1, 郭智栋2, 孟文辉2, 王英明2, 白银萍1, 鲍园3, 贠娟莉1, *
作者信息
  • 1 陕西科技大学 环境科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710016
  • 2 中石油煤层气有限责任公司工程技术研究院, 陕西 西安 710082
  • 3 西安科技大学 地质与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710054
Influences of air exposure on methane production and composition of microbiome from coalbed formation water
Xiaojie JIANG1, Jin ZHOU1, Zhidong GUO2, Wenhui MENG2, Yingming WANG2, Yinping BAI1, Yuan BAO3, Juanli YUN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710016, Shaanxi, China
  • 2 Institute of Engineering and Technology, PetroChina Coalbed Methane Company Limited, Xi'an 710082, Shaanxi, China
  • 3 College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
出版时间: 2025-01-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240290
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微生物增产煤层气成为近年来煤层气领域的研究重点。作为产甲烷过程中的核心微生物——产甲烷古菌,通常是严格厌氧,对氧气敏感。【目的】为了解煤层气产出水厌氧富集培养并进行空气暴露后,产甲烷潜力及菌群结构的变化情况。选取不同煤层气产区煤层产出水,经厌氧富集培养后进行空气暴露实验,探究暴露于好氧环境后菌群的产甲烷能力以及微生物群落变化,可为未来规模化厌氧发酵产物在煤层原位利用煤产气工艺开发提供科学参考。【方法】以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘地区韩城(HC)、保德(BD)和临汾(LF) 3个区块煤层产出水菌群富集产物为研究对象,进行空气暴露实验,在24 h内连续取样,空气暴露后菌液再次接种培养,进行厌氧产气能力监测及微生物菌群组成多样性分析,评估混合菌群对有氧环境的耐受程度及产甲烷能力,同时观察菌群变化情况。【结果】回接培养后,由产甲烷结果可知,三区块空气暴露24 h后微生物仍具有产气能力,而且产气能力与未经空气暴露相当。菌群分析发现:参与前期水解、酸化及乙酸化过程的细菌主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),产甲烷古菌主要为广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)的甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)、产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)和甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)。【结论】在经历24 h空气暴露后,煤层产出水微生物菌群产甲烷能力并未受到影响,产甲烷能力与未接触空气菌群相当;参与甲烷生成菌群组成及菌群变化也不明显,但不同类型微生物的相对丰度有一定变化。本研究有望在厌氧富集菌液应用于煤层原位降解产甲烷工程化应用中具有广泛的应用前景。

煤层产出水  /  微生物菌群  /  厌氧产甲烷  /  空气暴露实验  /  群落演替

Microbially enhanced coalbed methane production has become a research hotspot of coalbed methane production in recent years. Methanogens, the essential microorganisms in coalbed methane production, are usually strictly anaerobic and sensitive to oxygen. [Objective] To understand the changes in the methane production and composition of the anaerobic microbiome after exposure to oxygen, we conducted the enrichment culture of coalbed formation water collected from different regions along the east edge of Ordos Basin in China for air exposure experiments. Our findings are expected to provide scientific support for the future in-situ utilization of large-scale anaerobic fermentation products in coalbed methane production. [Methods] We used the enrichment cultures of coalbed formation water collected from Hancheng (HC), Baode (BD), and Linfen (LF) for air exposure for a series of time schedules within 24 h. The air-exposed enrichment cultures were re-inoculated and cultured. The methane production and community succession were analyzed to evaluate the microbiome tolerance to the aerobic condition. [Results] The microorganisms in all the three regions were still active after 24 hours of air exposure and showed the methane production comparable to that before air exposure. The dominant groups involved in the hydrolysis, acidification, and acetoxylation mainly included Firmicutes, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Methanogenic archaea were mainly Methanosarcina, Methanofollis, and Methanobacterium, belonging to Euryarchaeota. [Conclusion] After 24 hours of air exposure, the methane-producing capacity of the microbiome from the coalbed formation water was not affected and was comparable to that before air exposure. The microbiome did not showcase obvious succession, while the relative abundance of different groups changed accordingly. Our study can give scientific support for the in-situ industrial application of anaerobic enrichment culture from deep coalbed seams during coal degrading in methane production.

coalbed formation water  /  microbiome  /  anaerobic methanogenesis  /  air exposure experiment  /  microbiome succession
蒋小杰, 周瑾, 郭智栋, 孟文辉, 王英明, 白银萍, 鲍园, 贠娟莉. 氧气对厌氧煤层菌群产甲烷能力及菌群组成影响. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (1) : 73 -89 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240290
Xiaojie JIANG, Jin ZHOU, Zhidong GUO, Wenhui MENG, Yingming WANG, Yinping BAI, Yuan BAO, Juanli YUN. Influences of air exposure on methane production and composition of microbiome from coalbed formation water[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (1) : 73 -89 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240290
煤层气作为全球天然气储量的重要组成部分,因其储备丰富以及优质清洁等优点成为能源领域研究的热点[1-3]。煤层气(coal bed methane, CBM)是赋存在煤层中以CH4为主要成分的烃类气体,属于非常规天然气,由生物成因气和热成因气共同组成,其中生物成因气约占总气量的20%−40%[4]
煤经微生物转化为甲烷是一个涉及细菌和产甲烷古菌共同作用的多步骤过程[5]。煤炭中复杂的有机大分子化合物先经好氧或厌氧水解性细菌分解为小分子中间产物,如烷烃、低分子重芳烃和长链脂肪酸;再经产氢产酸菌作用分解为有机酸、氢气、二氧化碳等可利用的底物;最后,经由严格厌氧的产甲烷菌群进行产甲烷[6-8]。煤生物降解过程中,只有最后一步产甲烷机理的研究比较明确,依据甲烷生成途径,将产甲烷古菌分为氢营养型(二氧化碳还原型)、乙酸营养型和甲基营养型3种类群[9]。煤层微生物群落的组成、功能和代谢途径通常与煤盆地不同,甚至可能因盆地内的位置而不同[10-11],因此不同地区煤层气的生成途径也会存在差异。
微生物增产煤层气技术这一概念最初由Scott[12]提出,其定义为将厌氧微生物和营养物质引入到煤层中,通过微生物作用能够改变煤产甲烷的特性来实现煤层气的增产。该技术具有绿色无污染、经济低能耗等优势,引起了研究学者们极大兴趣。目前微生物增产手段包括注入有益物质、原位微生物驯化或引入外源微生物来刺激微生物群落代谢。国内研究目前主要集中在煤生物甲烷化发生过程的影响因素以及如何增强生物甲烷产量等[13-14]方面,包括煤自身(媒阶、煤粒径、固液比等)[15-17]、参与产甲烷过程的微生物菌群[18]、环境因素(温度、盐度、pH等)[19]对产气的影响。国内外对煤层中添加营养物质来刺激原位微生物产甲烷均有一定的报道[20-21]
产甲烷古菌是广泛存在于特定地下环境中的极端厌氧微生物,只能在厌氧环境中代谢,对环境的反应更加敏感[22]。在微生物强化增产过程中,考虑到将微生物输送到地下储层可能会涉及氧气暴露,从而影响厌氧菌群生长,抑制甲烷产生[23]。同时煤层气井通过抽排煤层和围岩中的地下水,将煤储层中的气体解吸、运移至地面,在生产环境及实际运输中难以达到绝对厌氧[24]。因此,探究在实际生产应用中暴露于有氧环境下,厌氧菌群的氧气耐受度、产甲烷活性及因氧气接触引起的菌群变化显得尤为重要。
国外一些研究学者发现,产甲烷菌可在自然条件下或人工驯化后耐受一定水平氧气。Angel等[25]研究发现甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)和甲烷胞菌属(Methanocella)在土壤干旱以及有氧气存在的情况下保持不活跃状态,降雨后形成缺氧生态位,产甲烷菌代谢会再次活跃起来。Opara等[26-27]进行了关于产甲烷微生物菌群发展的初步研究,煤炭和微生物菌群暴露于大气环境仍可进行产甲烷。Zhang等[28]致力于微生物菌群培养研究,指出了在非严格厌氧条件下培养的可能性。Fuertez等[23, 29]发现在不完全厌氧条件下培养的产甲烷微生物群落可以用于煤的生物气化。这些研究证实了耐氧产甲烷菌株的存在及非完全厌氧环境下产甲烷过程正常进行的可能,但对于煤层微生物群落对有氧环境的耐受程度(时间)以及与氧接触后是否仍具有产甲烷活性、菌群会发生何种变化,这些重要问题仍未见报道。从实际应用角度来看,现场和迁地作业的大规模应用,对驯化后向地下煤层注入高效微生物实施过程中,保持严格厌氧环境是精细、昂贵、烦琐和困难的,其有效性和可持续性存在不确定性[23, 30],但其重要性毋庸置疑。
本研究通过对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘韩城区块(HC)、保德区块(BD)、临汾区块(LF)三区块井口产出水中菌群富集物进行空气暴露研究,将空气接触后菌液再次接种培养,利用气相色谱进行产气能力监测及微生物菌群组成多样性分析,评估混合菌群对有氧环境的耐受程度及产气活性恢复能力,同时观察菌群变化情况,以期指导后期现场大规模煤层甲烷增产的生产过程,具有广泛的应用前景。
煤样分别采集自鄂尔多斯盆地东缘HC、BD、LF 3个煤层气产区。煤块粉碎过筛后,制成颗粒度为100目的煤粉,80 ℃真空干燥24 h,放入干燥器中备用。HC、BD、LF三区块煤的镜质组最大反射率(R0)分别为1.92%−2.03%、0.79%−1.15%、1.37%−2.0%,分别为中阶煤、低阶煤、中阶煤[31-33]。Bao等[34]收集了镜质体反射率在0.18%−2.50%的11种地下煤进行生物降解实验,结果表明生物产甲烷产率与媒阶无直接关系。因此三区块煤的性质对产甲烷量造成影响较小。
本研究采用厌氧产甲烷通用培养基[35-36],实验流程:采取HC、BD、LF三区块煤层气井中的产出水样,取50 mL产出水和300 mL培养基于装有3 g煤的500 mL厌氧瓶中进行富集培养,富集后的培养液作为本研究所用菌种,将其放在通风橱中打开瓶盖进行空气接触处理,取样位置模拟发酵罐上中下部,即分别为厌氧瓶表层-气液交界处(0 cm, top)、中层(4 cm, middle)及底层(8 cm, bottom),下文分别以T、M和B表示。取样时间分别为空气接触0、3、6、12、24 h后,取样量为5 mL,转接到装有45 mL培养基和1 g煤的150 mL厌氧瓶中,35 ℃恒温培养后进行产气能力检测和扩增子测序分析(图1)。
氧化还原电位使用氧化还原电极(METTLED TOLEDO公司)进行测定,参比系统是Ag/AgCl,参比电解液Gel。
每7 d测定一次甲烷的累积顶空气体浓度,持续时间为35 d。煤层气组分测试使用安捷伦7890B气相色谱仪(Agilent公司),配备火焰离子化检测器(flame ionization detector, FID)和热导检测器(thermal conductivity detector, TCD),包含HP/AL/S型色谱柱(50 m×0.32 mm, 8 μm)、HayeSep Q型填充柱(80/100 SS, 3 Ft×2 mm与6 Ft×2 mm)及Moleslieve 5A型填充柱(60/80 SS, 6 Ft×2 mm)。以氦气为载气,毛细柱流速为3 mL/min,分流比为3:1。进样口温度为200 ℃,加热炉内温度为105 ℃,FID检测器工作温度为300 ℃,TCD检测温度为250 ℃。采用单因素Fisher LSD分析暴露时间对空气接触后再培养各区块菌群产甲烷量的影响。
停止甲烷测定后,菌液使用0.22 μm滤膜抽滤,SPINeasy DNA Pro Kit for Soil (MP Bio公司)试剂盒提取DNA,NanoDrop One紫外分光光度计(NanoDrop公司)对DNA的浓度和纯度进行测定,根据测定结果调整至标准测序浓度,送至上海美吉生物测试中心(上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司)进行扩增子测序,测序使用Illumina HiSeq 2×300 bp平台(Illumina公司)。
测序结果分析采用USEARCH软件(v11)进行双端合并、数据质量控制,并利用zOTU (zero-radius operational taxonomic unit)去噪聚类方法分至分类单元,最终生成zOTU表。16S rRNA基因zOUT代表性序列注释使用QIIME 2软件,注释数据库为Silva138。数据分析后,使用R语言vegan[37]、microeco[38]、ggplot2[39]等软件包对数据结果进行可视化绘图。
根据氧化还原电位结果(图2),随着与空气接触时间越久,三区块产出水微生物富集培养物氧化还原电位值均越高,并且表层氧化还原电位(oxidation-reduction potential, ORP)值高于中层和底层,说明生存环境对产甲烷菌变得不利,表层环境受氧气影响较大。产甲烷菌生长和产甲烷的形成需要高度的还原环境[40-41]。空气接触24 h后,HC、BD和LF区块表层ORP值分别为−331、−321、−329 mV,远高于中层和底层,表层环境不利于厌氧菌生长。
根据产气结果,HC在空气接触后表层、中层和下层不同时间取样,重新接种培养后产甲烷量相近(图3A−3C),BD表层空气接触24 h产甲烷量最低(图3D)。空气环境接触时间越久,厌氧产甲烷菌生存环境会进一步受到胁迫,因此对三区块产出水微生物富集培养物空气接触24 h进行重点研究(图3J−3L)。空气接触24 h三区块均能测到甲烷气体,而且中下层甲烷量均高于上层。说明三区块的优势菌群均具有一定程度的耐氧性,空气接触一定时间后微生物仍具有活性,中下层接触到的氧气较上层少,厌氧环境较好,更适合产甲烷菌的生存环境,因此产甲烷量高。
产甲烷结果整体上呈现出HC最高,LF次之,BD最低。煤层产出水菌群在经历氧气胁迫后,仍能恢复一定的产甲烷能力,证明短时间空气接触不会对产甲烷菌产气能力造成太大影响,这一结果可在未来厌氧菌群发酵施工过程中大大提高现场运输、存储以及注入的可操作性。
对三区块产出水微生物富集培养物各暴露空气组之间进行方差分析,由图4可知,HC和BD区块空气暴露时间对累积产甲烷量影响不显著,而LF区块暴露时间对累计产气量影响显著(图4CP < 0.05)。说明HC和BD区块优势菌群更具有稳定性,耐氧性优于LF区块菌群。
为进一步探清混合菌群对有氧环境的响应情况,以及煤层出水混合菌群与生物甲烷生成之间的关系,采用扩增子测序技术检测随空气接触时间微生物群落变化情况。
本次测序完成48个样本的多样性数据分析,共获得3 484 264条细菌和3 496 973条古菌16S rRNA基因序列。细菌和古菌的序列平均长度分别为415 bp和385 bp,包含的操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)数目分别为635和1 015,对每个样品的优质序列按序列相似度97%进行OTU聚类和后续分析。
对三区块产出水微生物富集培养物在不同层次不同时间空气接触后再培养的细菌进行门水平分析(图5A)。结果表明,空气接触后三区块与未空气接触时细菌门类组成基本相同,丰度存在差异。厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)在三区块检测到的细菌门类中占据主导地位,其次互养菌门(Synergistetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。HC区块样品中菌群组成在回接培养后基本稳定,以厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为绝对优势菌门(83.25%,未经空气接触原始样本28.33%);BD区块在空气接触整个时间段内以厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和互养菌门(Synergistetes)为主要优势菌门;随着与空气接触时间的增加,LF区块优势菌门结构发生明显变化,未空气接触时主要以互养菌门(Synergistetes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)为主,经过一段时间的空气接触,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)丰度较高,到空气接触后期,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)成为优势菌门。这些结果说明,在24 h空气接触后,参与实验区块煤层出水富集物中的菌群组成基本稳定,只是不同类群的丰度有所变化。
在原生煤层、页岩和石油中鉴定出的门水平,厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门是最常见的细菌[42-43]。例如,来自澳大利亚东部煤层微生物群落主要为变形菌门、广古菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门[44]。在越南红河流域煤矿地层水进行微生物群落分析,主要细菌门对应于变形菌门,其次是厚壁菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门[45]。厚壁菌门大多是专性厌氧菌,但也存在可以耐受不同水平氧气的物种。它们能够水解水溶性大分子化合物、去甲基化芳香结构、解聚淀粉、纤维素等。变形菌门是目前最大、表型最多的系统发育谱系,由需氧或兼性细菌组成,具有高度的多功能降解能力,可以利用纤维素和半纤维素的代谢产物为产甲烷菌提供底物氢[42, 46]。本研究中变行菌门在纲水平以γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)为主,其在保德区块暴露氧气中期(BD-3-B和BD-6-T)以及临汾区块暴露氧气后期(LF-24-T、LF-24-M和LF-24-B)丰度较高,韩城区块Gammpaproteobacteria在暴露氧气期间几乎不存在。拟杆菌门是一类化能自养型微生物,参与降解大分子,如蛋白质、蛋白质或纤维素等,发酵成甲酸、氢气和二氧化碳[47]。互养菌门在已报道的煤层门水平较低。
在细菌属水平(图5B),空气接触后再培养的细菌组成在三区块变化趋势有所不同。HC区块在空气接触再培养后,解蛋白质菌属(Proteiniclasticum)占据主导地位,其相对丰度由未空气接触的11.00%增加到超过60.00%,是丰度变化最大的类群;BD区块与HC区块初始细菌属水平组成相似,但空气接触再培养后其菌群组成变化规律有所不同。解蛋白质菌属(Proteiniclasticum)和氨基酸杆状菌属(Aminobacterium)在大多数再培养后菌群中为相对丰度最高的菌群(32.25%−73.20%),但在6 h上层(BD-6-T)、24 h中层(BD-24-M)空气接触时间段再培养菌群中则以未培养菌群EBM-39及肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)占多数(41.37%−75.47%)。LF区块细菌空气接触再培养后变化最为明显。空气接触初期(0 h),微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、嗜蛋白质菌属(Proteiniphilum)和氨基酸杆状菌属(Aminobacterium)为主要菌属;空气接触中期(3−12 h),微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)丰度最高;到空气接触后期(24 h),肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)为优势菌属。
古菌菌群分析结果显示:古菌和细菌菌群类似,在相同培养条件下,菌群组成不会发生变化,但群体中各物种的丰度会随空气接触时间长短而变化。这一结果与其他研究类似,究其原因可能是培养条件的变化,不同培养条件下(厌氧或空气接触培养的不同阶段)菌群中物种的相对数量会有所变化。
Proteiniclasticum属于梭菌科,能够和芽孢杆菌协同代谢促进复杂有机物的降解,参与蛋白质和纤维素等水解过程,产物为乙酸和异丁酸[48-49],在酸性矿山废水污泥和潮滩沉积物中都能分离出Proteiniclasticum属的菌株,参与体系内的硫代谢过程[50-51]Exiguobacterium是一类兼性厌氧菌,对差异巨大的生境具有广泛的适应性,包括耐/嗜盐性、耐/嗜碱性等,可以释放胞外水解酶,如纤维素酶,能将复杂有机物转化为简单有机物[52-53]Proteiniphilum属于拟杆菌门中数量最多的属之一,水解蛋白质和脂类物质为丙酸和乙酸,甚至可以降解多环芳烃,主要作用于煤层微生物产气的第一阶段[54-55]Aminobacterium属于互养菌门,是厌氧系统中重要的氨基酸降解和产氢产乙酸的功能细菌,在连接水解发酵过程与产甲烷过程中起着重要作用[56]Enterobacter属于产氢细菌,与产甲烷古菌之间的相互代谢,可以消除中间水解产物的累积,为产甲烷提供动力[3]。多种水解菌协同降解,产酸产氢菌起着承前启后的作用,为产甲烷菌提供底物[57]。这些细菌是煤层中常见的伴生菌,厌氧和好氧菌共生能快速消耗氧气,为厌氧菌的生长创造条件,增加了在不同氧浓度环境下维持其代谢强度的可能性[24]。细菌在门水平和属水平的菌群组成在空气接触前和空气接触后未发生巨大变化,但各类群的相对丰度变化较大。这一结果说明氧气胁迫下煤层微生物组成不会发生变化,但会通过调节其不同种群的丰度最大限度增加其菌群的环境适应性。
在古菌门水平(图6A),广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)是最主要的古菌门类之一,该门内包含多数已知的多种产甲烷菌属[58]
在古菌属水平(图6B),HC区块在空气接触再接种培养后,菌群组成变化较小。以甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina, 38.18%−81.81%)丰度最高,其次为产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis, 10.30%− 75.12%)和甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium, 1.80%−24.70%);BD区块在空气接触24 h时段内,主要以甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)和产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)为优势菌属,甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)占比低于HC区块;LF区块在整个空气接触再接种培养后菌群变化最为明显,在0−3 h甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)和甲烷袋状菌属(Methanoculleus)相对丰度最高(42.67%−89.03%),随着空气接触时间增加,这两类菌群组成减少,甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina, 46.37%−98.49%)则不断增加,成为绝对优势菌群。
煤在进行微生物产气的后期,产甲烷菌群承担将前2个阶段分解得到的前体物质合成甲烷。不同的煤层可能存在不同的产甲烷菌,通过不同的甲烷生成途径促进甲烷的形成[30]。甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)通常被认为具有不同的产甲烷途径,它可以利用H2/CO2、醋酸盐、甲醇、二甲基硫醚和甲胺等作为产甲烷底物,并通过二氧化碳还原型、乙酸营养型以及甲基营养型途径生成甲烷,是代谢多样性最丰富的菌属[59]。甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)是二氧化碳还原型产甲烷菌的典型代表,主要利用H2、甲酸作为电子供体还原CO2产甲烷[9]。甲烷袋状菌属(Methanoculleus)和产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)均为氢营养型产甲烷菌,甲烷袋状菌属(Methanoculleus)在嗜热生境中表现出良好的生长趋势,有研究报道,Methanoculleus与杆状细菌有共生的关系,在乙酸浓度低的环境中具有较好的生长[35, 60]。产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)可以利用乙醇、2-丙醇或伯醇等进行产甲烷[61]。研究表明,MethanosarcinaMethanobacterium能够进行直接种间电子转移,即细菌氧化有机化合物释放的电子直接与产甲烷菌形成有效的连接,使其在各种产甲烷环境中茁壮成长[62]。粉状活性炭可能通过充当电桥促进地杆菌属(Geobacter)和Methanosarcina之间的电子转移,增强氢营养和乙酸化途径,对甲烷生成至关重要[63]
某些产甲烷菌能在相对较高的氧浓度的环境中生存,这些耐氧性产甲烷菌主要属于甲烷微菌目和甲烷杆菌目[23],本研究中产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)和甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)与这些目相关,增加了能够耐受周期性氧暴露的产甲烷种群。生物体经历氧化应激主要是由于电子载体被O2氧化,产生活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)、超氧阴离子(O2)、H2O2和羟基自由基(·OH)[64]。甲烷八叠球菌属含有几种编码活性氧(ROS)解毒酶的基因,这些酶包括过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、超氧化物还原酶(superoxide dismutase, SOR)等,甲烷八叠球菌属含有超氧化物还原酶(SOR)和赤鲜素蛋白(Rr),能够去除O2和H2O2,可能是最具耐氧性的产甲烷菌[25, 65]。Horne等[66]通过点平板法和微量滴定法评估噬乙酸甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina acetivorans)的氧化耐受性,结果发现两种方法均表明M. acetivorans可以耐受暴露于毫摩尔水平的过氧化氢(H2O2)而不完全丧失生存力,另也证明外源添加过氧化氢酶可以保护M. acetivorans免受过氧化氢的毒性。此外,甲烷八叠球菌相比于其他产甲烷菌在发酵过程中对恶劣环境的适应性更强,在间歇氧气存在的条件下可以存活[67]。甲烷八叠球菌的耐氧性可能与其代谢的多样性和基因组中编码的抗氧化酶有关。
Shannon指数主要反映群落的多样性高低。三个研究区块在未空气接触(HC0、BD0、LF0)细菌和古菌Shannon指数最高(图7),表明未空气接触即厌氧状态下,细菌和古菌多样性最高,微生物种类最为丰富。随着空气接触时间的增加,细菌多样性均不同程度地减少,其中LF区块多样性降低最为明显(图7A)。随着空气接触时间增加,HC和BD区块古菌多样性指数波动较小,基本维持在同一水平,说明这两个区块古菌种群组成相对稳定,对空气暴露敏感性小。LF区块古菌多样性指数大小随空气接触时间增加而骤减,空气接触24 h后古菌多样性指数降低至0.3左右,这一结果说明空气接触时间越长,该地区煤层微生物富集液中微生物种类越少,其煤层气产出水富集物对氧气接触敏感,易发生剧烈的菌群组成变化,而且氧气接触时间越长,菌群多样性越小。
非度量多为尺度分析(non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS)对三区块菌群富集产物空气接触再培养后群落相进行分析(图8)。一般认为,stress小于0.20时,说明NMDS分析解释度较高,可以准确反映样本间的差异程度。由图8可看出,三区块各自细菌和古菌群落空间分布均较为集中,表明三区块煤层产出水富集物中菌群组成各有特色。其中以HC区块细菌不同空气接触时间再培养后样本聚集度最高,与BD区块菌群组成有部分重合,表明HC和BD区块空气接触再培养后细菌群落虽各有特点,但存在一定相似度。LF区块菌群组成从空间分布上来看与其他两个区块相距较远,表明LF区块煤层产出水中菌群组成与其他两个区块具有显著性差异。
(1) 本研究通过对HC、BD和LF三区块煤层产出水富集菌液在接触空气后进行时间序列取样,而后再接种培养,通过测定甲烷生成情况检测其在空气接触后菌群产甲烷能力。结果表明HC、BD和LF区块煤层产出水富集物在不同时间空气接触后仍具备利用底物产甲烷的能力,而且其产甲烷能力与未空气接触菌群相当。不同区块在空气接触实验后产甲烷能力具有一定差异,其中HC区块空气接触24 h后仍有较强的产甲烷能力,LF、BD区块在不同空气接触时间产甲烷能力不同,LF区块产甲烷能力最弱。
(2) 通过对HC、BD和LF三区块空气接触产气能力测定后的菌群进行扩增子测序分析,表明空气接触后产气菌群结构发生变化。产气微生物门类主要集中在细菌的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和古菌的广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)。细菌主要属为解蛋白质菌属(Proteiniclasticum)、微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、氨基酸杆状菌属(Aminobacterium)和嗜蛋白质菌属(Proteiniphilum),产甲烷古菌主要是甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)、产甲烷袋菌属(Methanofollis)和甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)。在空气接触24 h后,各区块菌群组成并未发生较大改变,但不同区块优势菌群有所不同,表明空气接触过程并未改变煤层产出水的微生物组成,其产甲烷能力的改变可通过菌群内部物种的丰度改变而变化。三个研究对象中,HC区块的古菌群落结构最为稳定,其次是BD区块,LF煤层产出水菌群受氧气影响最大。
(3) 结合产甲烷能力和煤层主要菌群在空气暴露后再培养的变化,本研究认为造成不同煤层气产区空气暴露后产甲烷能力不同的原因是耐氧菌群如甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina)相对丰度变化导致。
本研究证实了在空气暴露过程中存在耐氧性产甲烷菌,未来研究方向可在厌氧发酵阶段对耐氧产甲烷菌进行定向调控,或进行人工协同菌群构建,增加耐氧菌的含量,从而解决实际生产中氧气造成的产甲烷能力下降问题。
此外,细胞水平对于氧气的响应机制是揭示微生物耐氧的最终归宿,我们尝试使用PICRUSt2、Tax4Fun等预测软件对菌群的代谢特征进行预测,未发现与耐氧相关代谢路径。这可能与16S rRNA基因测序本身的分辨率不足以呈现代谢水平的基因变化有关。未来对该研究的宏基因组及转录组分析会进一步从寻找氧代谢相关基因调节方面展开,以期对厌氧产甲烷菌对氧气耐受机理进行进一步挖掘。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42377113)
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2025年第65卷第1期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240290
  • 接收时间:2024-05-08
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2025-01-04
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08
  • 录用日期:2024-08-26
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National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377113)
国家自然科学基金(42377113)
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    1 陕西科技大学 环境科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710016
    2 中石油煤层气有限责任公司工程技术研究院, 陕西 西安 710082
    3 西安科技大学 地质与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710054

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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