Article(id=1242149204756345771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242149197907042945, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240274, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1714406400000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1727107200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-09-24, onlineDate=1774081048430, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1727280000000, pubDateStr=2024-09-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774081048430, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774081048430, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081048430, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242149197907042945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='12', pageStart='4471', pageEnd='4951', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774081046797, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081046797, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4774, endPage=4788, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242149206635393025, articleId=1242149204756345771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=ZntR modulates zinc homeostasis, oxidative stress resistance, and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To explore the regulatory role of the metalloregulator ZntR in metal homeostasis and clarify the effects of ZntR on the oxidative stress resistance and virulence of Vibrio parahemolyticus. [Methods] Growth curve analysis and intracellular metal content quantification were performed to investigate the regulatory effect of ZntR on the metal homeostasis in V. parahaemolyticus. The effects of ZntR on the oxidative stress resistance and virulence of V. parahaemolyticus were explored by the growth curve analysis and the competitive infection assay in the zebrafish model, respectively. The genes regulated by ZntR were identified by RNA sequencing. [Results] The zntR-deleted strain (ΔzntR) exhibited growth defects under zinc, nickel excess and iron restriction conditions, and the growth defects were related to zinc homeostasis disturbance. The overexpression of zntA in ΔzntR promoted the growth under zinc, nickel excess and iron restriction conditions. In the case of zinc excess, ΔzntR demonstrated weakened resistance to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The virulence of ΔzntR was attenuated in a competitive infection assay in the zebrafish model. RNA sequencing revealed that ZntR regulated the expression of several virulence genes. [Conclusion] ZntR modulates zinc homeostasis and improves oxidative stress resistance and virulence of V. parahaemolyticus.

, correspAuthors=Chengkun ZHENG, Xin'an JIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail: ZHENG Chengkun:
E-mail: JIAO Xin'an:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Mengxian WANG, Yimeng ZHAI, Jun QIU, Zhengzhong XU, Xiang CHEN, Chengkun ZHENG, Xin'an JIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242149211274293580, articleId=1242149204756345771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】探究金属调节因子ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态的调控作用,明确其对细菌氧化应激抗性和毒力的影响。【方法】采用生长曲线分析和菌体内金属含量测定方法,探究ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态的调控作用;通过生长曲线分析探究ZntR对副溶血弧菌氧化应激抗性的影响;利用斑马鱼竞争感染试验评估ZntR对副溶血弧菌毒力的影响;通过转录组测序鉴定ZntR调控的基因。【结果】zntR基因缺失株(ΔzntR)在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下表现出生长缺陷,其生长缺陷均与锌稳态紊乱有关;在ΔzntR中超表达zntA促进其在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长;在锌过量的情况下,ΔzntR对H2O2诱导氧化应激的抗性减弱;在斑马鱼竞争感染试验中,ΔzntR的毒力下降;转录组测序结果显示,ZntR调控一些毒力相关基因的表达。【结论】ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态,并促进细菌氧化应激抗性和毒力。

, correspAuthors=郑成坤, 焦新安, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Hci/KrTpBq3R3ywxRYfFlA==, magXml=nJHsX1JMgR/swAPi0bsHJg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Db3dmQaJyKsxB2ZaHUZa3w==, pdfFileSize=1070964, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ygeAUgIwE6Gc9hEf/KwK1Q==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=KAiJCGv+gHoGzmvVbgXVKA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=王梦娴, 翟怡梦, 邱军, 徐正中, 陈祥, 郑成坤, 焦新安)}, authors=[Author(id=1243293085657052074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, 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A: H2O (the solvent of each metal salt). B: 25 μmol/L ZnSO4. C: 100 μmol/L ZnSO4. D: 1 mmol/L NiSO4. E: 1.5 mmol/L NiSO4. F: 25 μmol/L ZnSO4+1 mmol/L NiSO4., figureFileSmall=/2yE5Inh38PYZPCncUNNiw==, figureFileBig=Av+NkIzg7kePlzHSp3utlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293089821995262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图1, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在添加锌和镍条件下的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=/2yE5Inh38PYZPCncUNNiw==, figureFileBig=Av+NkIzg7kePlzHSp3utlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293089972990214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Growth curves of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in medium supplemented with excess Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Co2+. A: 1 g/L TCD. B: 2 mmol/L FeSO4+1 g/L TCD. C. 2 mmol/L MnSO4. D: 2 mmol/L CuSO4. E: 250 μmol/L CoSO4. TCD was supplemented to the medium to alleviate Fe precipitation., figureFileSmall=2yhclqX87NvBmtCakP3njg==, figureFileBig=bW99HKtrOm8lXe6OgVidBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090069459218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图2, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在添加过量亚铁、锰、铜和钴条件下的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=2yhclqX87NvBmtCakP3njg==, figureFileBig=bW99HKtrOm8lXe6OgVidBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090203676959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Growth curves of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains under iron restriction conditions. A: Absolute ethanol (the solvent of 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl). B: 75 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl. C: 100 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl. D: 125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl., figureFileSmall=hHuT2KyfE7o2tGP31rUUbw==, figureFileBig=t9fJHtRcZSIdK40HXDn84w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090379837738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图3, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在铁限制条件下的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=hHuT2KyfE7o2tGP31rUUbw==, figureFileBig=t9fJHtRcZSIdK40HXDn84w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090543415606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Analysis of intracellular metal content in Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. A, C, D: Intracellular Zn content of the strains grown in medium supplemented with 25 μmol/L ZnSO4 (A), 1 mmol/L NiSO4 (C), and 100 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl (D), respectively. B: Intracellular Ni content of the strains grown in medium supplemented with 1 mmol/L NiSO4. **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=8sODg/G1lcXd9+1A8Y6hAg==, figureFileBig=LWUWfPbuo5Bb5AFaedN1eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090686021951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图4, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株菌体内金属含量分析, figureFileSmall=8sODg/G1lcXd9+1A8Y6hAg==, figureFileBig=LWUWfPbuo5Bb5AFaedN1eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090832822598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Depletion of Zn2+ in the medium can restore the growth of ΔzntR under Ni2+ excess and Fe restriction conditions. Growth curves of the strains in DMSO (the solvent of TPEN)-pretreated medium supplemented with 1.5 mmol/L NiSO4 (A), TPEN (20 μmol/L)-pretreated medium supplemented with 1.5 mmol/L NiSO4 (B), DMSO-pretreated medium supplemented with 125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl (C), and TPEN (20 μmol/L)-pretreated medium supplemented with 125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl (D)., figureFileSmall=Nle9Fu+7Y70e0FmvCoIdFw==, figureFileBig=IgZYu3cHIyAXTkEPEwRM6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293090941874506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图5, caption=减少培养基中的锌能恢复ΔzntR在镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长, figureFileSmall=Nle9Fu+7Y70e0FmvCoIdFw==, figureFileBig=IgZYu3cHIyAXTkEPEwRM6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091130618195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=zntA expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains under Zn2+, Ni2+ excess, and Fe restriction conditions. A: 0.5 mmol/L ZnSO4. B: 1 mmol/L NiSO4. C: 125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl. ***: P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=J6ReCHGY/I5+s77nl7ZnoA==, figureFileBig=EF3EIwGAAmKrTaxSAlwWkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091277418843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图6, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下zntA基因的表达水平, figureFileSmall=J6ReCHGY/I5+s77nl7ZnoA==, figureFileBig=EF3EIwGAAmKrTaxSAlwWkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091403247971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Growth curves of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains under excess Zn2+, Ni2+and Fe restriction conditions. A: H2O. B: 100 μmol/L ZnSO4. C: 1.5 mmol/L NiSO4. D: 125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl., figureFileSmall=W3xq0DpwjeWOYt2gweiatg==, figureFileBig=Kq4sV4XtjNJNZ0FJsCUxyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091516494186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图7, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=W3xq0DpwjeWOYt2gweiatg==, figureFileBig=Kq4sV4XtjNJNZ0FJsCUxyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091654906231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Growth curves of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in medium supplemented with H2O2 alone or H2O2 plus Zn2+. A: 75 μmol/L H2O2. B: 100 μmol/L H2O2. C: 75 μmol/L H2O2+25 μmol/L ZnSO4. D: 100 μmol/L H2O2+25 μmol/L ZnSO4., figureFileSmall=7+AYHmfLJUwCDSVY9SHU2Q==, figureFileBig=x2XG0QWtNVzkmsAiLXF8gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091755569533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图8, caption=副溶血弧菌各菌株在添加H2O2或同时添加H2O2和锌条件下的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=7+AYHmfLJUwCDSVY9SHU2Q==, figureFileBig=x2XG0QWtNVzkmsAiLXF8gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293091919147395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Competitive index of ΔzntR against the WT strain during intramuscular infection in zebrafish. ***: P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=o4vKlq4Myr66vFPiG6hmOA==, figureFileBig=/tbke5YCfzvcx42Kkk6mjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293092003033484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图9, caption=ΔzntR相比WT在斑马鱼肌肉感染模型中的竞争指数, figureFileSmall=o4vKlq4Myr66vFPiG6hmOA==, figureFileBig=/tbke5YCfzvcx42Kkk6mjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293092095308179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Figure 10, caption=The differentially expressed genes in ΔzntR compared to the WT strain., figureFileSmall=UQd+yv+o1ng7IwnbPbtxdQ==, figureFileBig=MNwUYglUAYB/ijVJtpHZsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293092204360091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=图10, caption=与WT相比ΔzntR中的差异表达基因, figureFileSmall=UQd+yv+o1ng7IwnbPbtxdQ==, figureFileBig=MNwUYglUAYB/ijVJtpHZsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293092313412004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
菌株或质粒
Strains or plasmids
相关特征
Relevant characteristics
来源或参考文献
Source or reference
CarbR: Carbenicillin resistant; CmR: Chloramphenicol resistant.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
   RIMD 2210633Clinical isolate, CarbR[27]
   ΔzntRzntR deletion mutant of RIMD 2210633[26]
   CΔzntRComplementation strain of ΔzntR[26]
   ΔzntR/pMMB207ΔzntR harbouring pMMB207This study
   ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntAΔzntR harbouring pMMB207-zntAThis study
Escherichia coli
   DH5α λpirCloning host for recombinant vectorLaboratory collection
   S17-1 λpirConjugal donor for recombinant vectorLaboratory collection
Plasmids
   pMMB207Wide-host-range low-copy-number vector; CmR[28]
   pMMB207-zntApMMB207 containing zntA and an additional ribosome-binding site[26]
), ArticleFig(id=1243293092531515816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究所用的菌株和质粒

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
菌株或质粒
Strains or plasmids
相关特征
Relevant characteristics
来源或参考文献
Source or reference
CarbR: Carbenicillin resistant; CmR: Chloramphenicol resistant.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
   RIMD 2210633Clinical isolate, CarbR[27]
   ΔzntRzntR deletion mutant of RIMD 2210633[26]
   CΔzntRComplementation strain of ΔzntR[26]
   ΔzntR/pMMB207ΔzntR harbouring pMMB207This study
   ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntAΔzntR harbouring pMMB207-zntAThis study
Escherichia coli
   DH5α λpirCloning host for recombinant vectorLaboratory collection
   S17-1 λpirConjugal donor for recombinant vectorLaboratory collection
Plasmids
   pMMB207Wide-host-range low-copy-number vector; CmR[28]
   pMMB207-zntApMMB207 containing zntA and an additional ribosome-binding site[26]
), ArticleFig(id=1243293092674122156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称
Primers name
引物序列
Primer sequences (5′→3′)
产物大小
Amplicon size (bp)
pMMB207-FCACTGCATAATTCGTGTCGC249 plus the size of insert fragment
pMMB207-RCTTCTCTCATCCGCCAAAAC
QzntA-FACCAGCGTCTCAGCTTCAACC149
QzntA-RCGCCTTCTTCATGCTCAACAG
QgyrB-FGGTGGTATTCAAGCGTTCGTTC116
QgyrB-RTGCATTGCCACTTCTACCGAG
zntR-out-FCGATTGAACACCTCATTTGC837 for RIMD 2210633 and 505 for ΔzntR
zntR-out-RGATGGCGCGTATTCTAACC
), ArticleFig(id=1243293092799951284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

本研究所用的引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
引物名称
Primers name
引物序列
Primer sequences (5′→3′)
产物大小
Amplicon size (bp)
pMMB207-FCACTGCATAATTCGTGTCGC249 plus the size of insert fragment
pMMB207-RCTTCTCTCATCCGCCAAAAC
QzntA-FACCAGCGTCTCAGCTTCAACC149
QzntA-RCGCCTTCTTCATGCTCAACAG
QgyrB-FGGTGGTATTCAAGCGTTCGTTC116
QgyrB-RTGCATTGCCACTTCTACCGAG
zntR-out-FCGATTGAACACCTCATTTGC837 for RIMD 2210633 and 505 for ΔzntR
zntR-out-RGATGGCGCGTATTCTAACC
), ArticleFig(id=1243293092921586106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The virulence-related genes that are significantly downregulated in ΔzntR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因座标签
Locus tag
基因名称
Gene name
产物
Product
下调倍数
Fold change
参考文献
Reference
VP_RS04700zntAMetal-transporting ATPase−24.6[26]
VP_RS07995vcrGLcrG family type Ⅲ secretion system chaperone VcrG−2.7[31]
VP_RS08025TyeA family type Ⅲ secretion system gatekeeper subunit−2.5[31]
VP_RS08040vscOType Ⅲ secretion system central stalk protein VscO−2.4[31]
VP_RS08100vecACesT family type Ⅲ secretion system chaperone VecA−2.6[31]
VP_RS06800Protein kinase family protein−4.4[31]
VP_RS06840tssMType Ⅵ secretion system membrane subunit TssM−3.0[31]
VP_RS06845Type Ⅵ secretion system ImpA family N-terminal domain-containing protein−3.1[31]
VP_RS06855FHA domain-containing protein−3.5[31]
VP_RS09160tpdATrigger phosphodiesterase A−2.3[32]
), ArticleFig(id=1243293093039026625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149204756345771, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

ΔzntR中显著下调表达的毒力相关基因

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因座标签
Locus tag
基因名称
Gene name
产物
Product
下调倍数
Fold change
参考文献
Reference
VP_RS04700zntAMetal-transporting ATPase−24.6[26]
VP_RS07995vcrGLcrG family type Ⅲ secretion system chaperone VcrG−2.7[31]
VP_RS08025TyeA family type Ⅲ secretion system gatekeeper subunit−2.5[31]
VP_RS08040vscOType Ⅲ secretion system central stalk protein VscO−2.4[31]
VP_RS08100vecACesT family type Ⅲ secretion system chaperone VecA−2.6[31]
VP_RS06800Protein kinase family protein−4.4[31]
VP_RS06840tssMType Ⅵ secretion system membrane subunit TssM−3.0[31]
VP_RS06845Type Ⅵ secretion system ImpA family N-terminal domain-containing protein−3.1[31]
VP_RS06855FHA domain-containing protein−3.5[31]
VP_RS09160tpdATrigger phosphodiesterase A−2.3[32]
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ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力
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王梦娴 , 翟怡梦 , 邱军 , 徐正中 , 陈祥 , 郑成坤 * , 焦新安 *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(12): 4774-4788
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(12): 4774-4788
ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力
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王梦娴, 翟怡梦, 邱军, 徐正中, 陈祥, 郑成坤* , 焦新安*
作者信息
  • 扬州大学 生物科学与技术学院, 江苏 扬州 225009
ZntR modulates zinc homeostasis, oxidative stress resistance, and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Mengxian WANG, Yimeng ZHAI, Jun QIU, Zhengzhong XU, Xiang CHEN, Chengkun ZHENG* , Xin'an JIAO*
Affiliations
  • College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2024-09-26 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240274
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【目的】探究金属调节因子ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态的调控作用,明确其对细菌氧化应激抗性和毒力的影响。【方法】采用生长曲线分析和菌体内金属含量测定方法,探究ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态的调控作用;通过生长曲线分析探究ZntR对副溶血弧菌氧化应激抗性的影响;利用斑马鱼竞争感染试验评估ZntR对副溶血弧菌毒力的影响;通过转录组测序鉴定ZntR调控的基因。【结果】zntR基因缺失株(ΔzntR)在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下表现出生长缺陷,其生长缺陷均与锌稳态紊乱有关;在ΔzntR中超表达zntA促进其在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长;在锌过量的情况下,ΔzntR对H2O2诱导氧化应激的抗性减弱;在斑马鱼竞争感染试验中,ΔzntR的毒力下降;转录组测序结果显示,ZntR调控一些毒力相关基因的表达。【结论】ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态,并促进细菌氧化应激抗性和毒力。

ZntR  /  副溶血弧菌  /  锌稳态  /  氧化应激抗性  /  毒力

[Objective] To explore the regulatory role of the metalloregulator ZntR in metal homeostasis and clarify the effects of ZntR on the oxidative stress resistance and virulence of Vibrio parahemolyticus. [Methods] Growth curve analysis and intracellular metal content quantification were performed to investigate the regulatory effect of ZntR on the metal homeostasis in V. parahaemolyticus. The effects of ZntR on the oxidative stress resistance and virulence of V. parahaemolyticus were explored by the growth curve analysis and the competitive infection assay in the zebrafish model, respectively. The genes regulated by ZntR were identified by RNA sequencing. [Results] The zntR-deleted strain (ΔzntR) exhibited growth defects under zinc, nickel excess and iron restriction conditions, and the growth defects were related to zinc homeostasis disturbance. The overexpression of zntA in ΔzntR promoted the growth under zinc, nickel excess and iron restriction conditions. In the case of zinc excess, ΔzntR demonstrated weakened resistance to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The virulence of ΔzntR was attenuated in a competitive infection assay in the zebrafish model. RNA sequencing revealed that ZntR regulated the expression of several virulence genes. [Conclusion] ZntR modulates zinc homeostasis and improves oxidative stress resistance and virulence of V. parahaemolyticus.

ZntR  /  Vibrio parahaemolyticus  /  zinc homeostasis  /  oxidative stress resistance  /  virulence
王梦娴, 翟怡梦, 邱军, 徐正中, 陈祥, 郑成坤, 焦新安. ZntR调控副溶血弧菌锌稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4774 -4788 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240274
Mengxian WANG, Yimeng ZHAI, Jun QIU, Zhengzhong XU, Xiang CHEN, Chengkun ZHENG, Xin'an JIAO. ZntR modulates zinc homeostasis, oxidative stress resistance, and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4774 -4788 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240274
副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)是一种革兰氏阴性、弯曲、杆状的嗜盐细菌,广泛分布于温带和热带的海洋及沿海水域中[1-2]。近年来,副溶血弧菌也广泛地从淡水食品中被分离出来[3]。1950年,日本首次报道了由副溶血弧菌引起的食物中毒事件,造成272人发病,其中20人死亡;后来,副溶血弧菌成为全球范围内海产品导致食物中毒的首要致病因子[4]。人主要通过食用生的或未煮熟的被副溶血弧菌污染的食物感染,引起急性肠胃炎,临床症状包括腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐和发烧等;患有并存病(例如糖尿病、肝病和酒精中毒)的病人感染后可能会发展为败血症[5]。在极少数情况下,副溶血弧菌也会引起伤口感染[1]。在美国,副溶血弧菌每年导致约50 000例感染[2]。在日本,20%−30%的食物中毒病例是由副溶血弧菌导致的[4]。在我国,副溶血弧菌是食品中最常见的病原菌之一,也是感染性腹泻的首要致病因子[6-7]。此外,副溶血弧菌能导致多种水产动物弧菌病,如对虾急性肝胰腺坏死综合征等,给全球水产养殖业造成巨大的经济损失[8]
金属,例如铁、锰、锌、铜、钴和镍,是微生物必需的营养元素。许多酶需要利用金属作为辅因子来发挥催化活性,此外,金属是一些蛋白的结构组分[9-10]。尽管金属对微生物的生存至关重要,过量的金属却具有毒性作用;金属毒性通常与金属蛋白的金属错配有关,即原本依赖于某种金属的蛋白,结合了其他的金属,进而导致其功能受到影响[11]。例如,在肺炎链球菌中细胞外的锌通过竞争性结合PsaA (锰透性酶)抑制锰摄取[12]。亚铁离子也能通过芬顿反应产生活性氧,造成细胞损伤[13]。为了对抗入侵的病原菌,脊椎动物宿主进化了被称为“营养免疫”的机制,即限制病原菌利用金属,或者对病原菌施加金属毒性[14-15]。相应地,细菌进化了复杂的机制来对抗宿主施加的营养免疫;例如,通过金属调节因子感应金属信号进而调控金属摄取系统或者金属外排系统的表达来维持菌体内金属稳态[16-17]。越来越多的证据表明,金属稳态与病原菌的生理和致病性密切相关[18-20]
金属对副溶血弧菌的影响仅被初步探究。早期的一项研究显示,存在于溶解红细胞中的铁能增强副溶血弧菌对小鼠的毒力[21]。钙和铁被报道能调控副溶血弧菌的集群运动和三型分泌[22]。副溶血弧菌通过水平基因转移获得的znuA被报道与锌摄取和毒力有关[23]。最近,DmeRF系统被证实与副溶血弧菌应答钴毒性有关,其中DmeF是钴的外排泵,DmeR通过感应钴信号调控dmeF基因的表达[24]。受Zur调控的锌结合蛋白ZrgA有助于副溶血弧菌摄取锌[25]。前期研究发现,ZntA与副溶血弧菌维持锌、镉稳态有关,并促进细菌氧化应激抗性和毒力;ZntA受金属调节因子ZntR正调控[26]。然而,ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力的影响仍然未知。
本研究利用生长曲线、电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)、斑马鱼竞争感染试验等探究了副溶血弧菌ZntR调节因子的功能。本研究成果有助于副溶血弧菌锌稳态和毒力相关机制的阐明。
本研究用到的菌株和质粒见表1,引物见表2。副溶血弧菌RIMD 2210633[27]及其衍生菌株用胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂(tryptic soy agar, TSA; BD公司)或胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤(tryptic soy broth, TSB; BD公司)于37 ℃温箱或摇床(220 r/min)中培养。大肠杆菌用LB培养基(Oxoid公司)于37 ℃温箱或摇床(220 r/min)中培养。锌螯合剂N, N, Nʹ, Nʹ-四(2-吡啶甲基)乙二胺[N, N, Nʹ, Nʹ-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine, TPEN, Sigma-Aldrich公司)]用于降低培养基中的锌浓度。铁螯合剂2,2ʹ-联吡啶(2,2ʹ-dipyridyl,Sigma-Aldrich公司)用于制备铁限制培养基。必要时向培养基中添加羧苄青霉素(50 µg/mL)、氯霉素(10 µg/mL)或异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG, 1 mmol/L)。
将pMMB207和pMMB207-zntA质粒分别转化至大肠杆菌S17-1 λpir中,再接合至ΔzntR中。通过羧苄青霉素和氯霉素抗性筛选得到ΔzntR/pMMB207和ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntA,并进行PCR验证。PCR反应体系:2×Rapid Taq Master Mix 10 μL,引物pMMB207-F和pMMB207-R (10 μmol/L)各1 μL,模板1 μL,H2O 7 μL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃ 3 min;95 ℃ 15 s,55 ℃ 15 s,72 ℃ 1 min,30个循环;72 ℃ 1 min;16 ℃保存。
将金属盐(FeSO4、MnSO4、ZnSO4、CuSO4、CoSO4和NiSO4)的母液按照比例分别添加至TSB中制备金属过量的培养基;将TPEN和2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的母液按照比例添加至TSB中分别制备锌限制和铁限制培养基。将副溶血弧菌各菌株培养至指数生长期(OD600约为1.5−2.0)。随后按照1:100的比例转接至添加指定试剂的TSB中。将菌液分装至96孔细胞培养板中,每孔200 μL,设置3个重复。将培养板转移至37 ℃、120 r/min的摇床培养7 h。每隔1 h取出培养板用酶标仪测定OD595值。由于亚铁极易氧化为三价铁,FeSO4母液现用现配,且在添加Fe2+的培养基中额外添加1 g/L的柠檬酸钠(trisodium citrate dihydrate, TCD),以减少铁的沉淀[29]
将副溶血弧菌野生株(WT)、ΔzntR和CΔzntR于37 ℃、220 r/min培养过夜。再按照1:100的比例转接至添加25 µmol/L Zn2+、1 mmol/L Ni2+或100 µmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的TSB中,继续培养6 h。10 000 r/min离心10 min收集菌体,用含0.25 mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)的PBS洗3遍去除细菌表面的金属,再用PBS洗3遍去除EDTA。菌体于110 ℃烘干后称重,加入200 µL 66%硝酸,于70 ℃硝解48 h。向样品中加入6.4 mL去离子水将硝酸稀释至2%,稀释后的样品送至扬州大学测试中心用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪Elan DRC-e (PerkinElmer公司)测定菌体内金属含量,具体步骤和参数设置参考仪器使用说明书。
本试验经扬州大学实验动物福利伦理委员会批准(202307019)。将副溶血弧菌WT和ΔzntR培养过夜,6 000 r/min离心5 min收集菌体,用PBS将其稀释至1×109 CFU/mL。将WT和ΔzntR按照1:1的比例混合,混合前分别进行平板计数,确定混合菌液中ΔzntR: WT的实际比值。取8只斑马鱼(3−4月龄),用0.1%的3-乙氧酰基苯胺甲磺酸盐(Sigma-Aldrich公司)麻醉后分别肌内注射5 µL混合菌液。24 h后,用3-乙氧酰基苯胺甲磺酸盐将斑马鱼麻醉后处死,采集注射部位的肌肉组织,加入1 mL PBS,用组织破碎仪匀浆,然后稀释,涂板,于37 ℃培养过夜。每只斑马鱼随机挑取90−100个单菌落作为模板,进行PCR鉴定,确定样品中ΔzntR: WT的比值。PCR反应体系:2×Rapid Taq Master Mix 10 μL,引物zntR-out-F和zntR-out-R (10 μmol/L)各1 μL,模板1 μL,H2O 7 μL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃ 3 min;95 ℃ 15 s,55 ℃ 15 s,72 ℃ 1 min,30个循环;72 ℃ 1 min;16 ℃保存。PCR结束后进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,WT条带大小为837 bp,ΔzntR条带大小为505 bp。竞争指数(competitive index, CI)定义为样品中ΔzntR: WT的比值/混合菌液中ΔzntR: WT的实际比值。
将副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR和CΔzntR培养至OD600约为0.6−0.8,每个细菌培养物分为三等份,分别添加0.5 mmol/L ZnSO4、1 mmol/L NiSO4和125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl,继续培养15 min。用RNA提取试剂盒(上海普洛麦格生物产品有限公司)提取细菌总RNA,具体步骤参考试剂盒说明书。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测RNA完整性,用NanoDrop 200测定RNA浓度。用HiScript Ⅱ Q RT SuperMix for qPCR (+gDNA wiper)将RNA反转录为cDNA。以cDNA为模板,用ChamQ SYBR qPCR Master Mix进行RT-qPCR,反应体系和条件参考试剂盒说明书。以gyrB基因为内参,用2−ΔΔCt[30]计算zntA基因的相对表达水平。
在另一个实验中,将副溶血弧菌WT和ΔzntR培养至OD600约为0.6−0.8,用RNA提取试剂盒提取细菌总RNA。RNA样品经检测合格后送至生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司,按照参考文献[25]中描述的步骤进行转录组测序分析。将变化倍数大于2且修正后P值(Q值)小于0.05的基因定义为差异表达基因。转录组数据已提交至NCBI GEO数据库,登录号为GSE268232。
用GraphPad Prism 5软件分析实验数据。用单因素方差分析及Bonferroni事后检验分析金属含量数据;用双尾配对t检验分析竞争感染实验数据。**表示P < 0.01;***表示P < 0.001。
通过生长曲线比较了副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR和CΔzntR在添加各种金属条件下的生长情况。如图1A所示,在不额外添加金属的条件下,3个菌株的生长曲线几乎一致。当添加25 µmol/L的Zn2+时,ΔzntR表现出轻微的生长抑制(图1B);当把Zn2+的浓度提高到100 µmol/L时,ΔzntR表现出明显的生长抑制(图1C)。当添加Ni2+时,ΔzntR也表现出生长抑制,且抑制的程度与Ni2+的浓度呈正相关(图1D1E)。尽管单独添加25 µmol/L Zn2+或1 mmol/L Ni2+对ΔzntR生长的影响很小,同时添加这2种金属导致ΔzntR生长受到严重抑制(图1F)。此外,在添加过量Fe2+、Mn2+、Cu2+或Co2+的条件下,3个菌株的生长曲线也几乎一致(图2)。以上结果表明,ZntR有利于维持副溶血弧菌在Zn2+和Ni2+过量条件下的生长。
通过生长曲线比较了副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR和CΔzntR在铁限制条件下的生长情况。在不添加2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的条件下,3个菌株的生长曲线几乎一致(图3A)。当添加低浓度2,2ʹ-dipyridyl (75 μmol/L)时,3个菌株的生长曲线也几乎一致(图3B)。将2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的浓度提高到100 μmol/L时,ΔzntR表现出生长抑制(图3C)。此外,在添加125 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的条件下,3个菌株的生长均受到明显抑制,但ΔzntR的抑制程度更严重,OD595值几乎不增加(图3D)。以上结果表明,ZntR有利于维持副溶血弧菌在铁限制条件下的生长。
为了探究ΔzntR在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下表现出生长缺陷的原因,通过ICP-MS测定了副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR和CΔzntR在相应条件下的菌体内金属含量。在添加25 μmol/L Zn2+的条件下,ΔzntR菌体内积累的锌含量显著高于WT和CΔzntR (图4A),说明ΔzntR在锌过量条件下的生长缺陷与菌体内锌稳态紊乱有关。在添加1 mmol/L Ni2+的条件下,ΔzntR菌体内积累的镍含量显著低于WT和CΔzntR (图4B),而积累的锌含量却显著高于WT和CΔzntR (图4C),说明ΔzntR在镍过量条件下的生长缺陷也与菌体内锌稳态紊乱有关。同样地,在添加100 μmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl的条件下,ΔzntR菌体内积累的锌含量显著高于WT和CΔzntR (图4D)。
通过生长曲线进一步评估了锌对ΔzntR在镍过量和铁限制条件下生长的影响。在二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO)预处理的培养基中,添加1.5 mmol/L Ni2+导致ΔzntR表现出明显的生长抑制(图5A)。而在TPEN预处理的培养基中添加1.5 mmol/L Ni2+,ΔzntR的生长曲线与WT和CΔzntR几乎一致(图5B)。当在DMSO预处理的培养基中添加125 µmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl时,ΔzntR呈现出严重的生长抑制现象(图5C),而用TPEN预处理培养基后再添加125 µmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl时,ΔzntR生长能力恢复到WT相同的水平(图5D)。
综上所述,ZntR通过调节锌稳态有利于维持副溶血弧菌在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长。
研究发现,ZntR正调控zntA基因表达,而zntA与副溶血弧菌维持锌和镉稳态有关[26]。推测ΔzntR在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长缺陷与zntA下调表达有关。RT-qPCR结果显示,在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下,ΔzntRzntA基因的表达水平均显著低于WT和CΔzntR (图6A)。通过生长曲线评估了在ΔzntR中超表达zntA对其在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下生长的影响。当培养基中不添加金属时,副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR、CΔzntR、ΔzntR/pMMB207和ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntA的生长曲线几乎一致(图7A)。当培养基中添加100 µmol/L Zn2+或1.5 mmol/L Ni2+时,ΔzntR和ΔzntR/pMMB207表现出明显的生长抑制,而ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntA的生长曲线与WT和CΔzntR一致(图7B7C)。当培养基中添加125 µmol/L 2,2ʹ-dipyridyl时,ΔzntR和ΔzntR/pMMB207的OD595值几乎不增加,而ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntA的生长曲线与WT和CΔzntR一致(图7D)。以上结果表明,在ΔzntR中超表达zntA能恢复其在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长。
通过生长曲线评估了ZntR对副溶血弧菌氧化应激抗性的影响。如图8A8B所示,当培养基中添加75 µmol/L或100 µmol/L H2O2时,副溶血弧菌WT、ΔzntR和CΔzntR的生长曲线几乎一致。当培养基中同时添加75 µmol/L H2O2和25 µmol/L Zn2+时,ΔzntR表现出明显的生长抑制(图8C)。当培养基中同时添加100 µmol/L H2O2和25 µmol/L Zn2+时,ΔzntR的生长几乎被完全抑制(图8D)。以上结果表明,ZntR通过调控锌稳态促进副溶血弧菌的氧化应激抗性。
用斑马鱼竞争感染试验评估了ZntR对副溶血弧菌毒力的影响。副溶血弧菌WT和ΔzntR按照1:1的比例混合后肌内注射斑马鱼,24 h后采集注射部位的肌肉组织分离细菌,通过菌落PCR鉴定样品中WT和ΔzntR的比例。如图9所示,8只斑马鱼的肌肉组织样品中ΔzntR相比WT的平均CI为0.461,显著小于1。该结果表明,相比WT,ΔzntR在斑马鱼肌肉组织中的增殖和扩散能力显著下降,即其毒力下降。
转录组测序结果显示,与WT相比,ΔzntR中有69个基因显著差异表达,其中25个上调表达,44个下调表达(图10)。与预期一致,zntA基因的表达水平下调了24.6倍;其他一些毒力相关基因,包括4个编码型分泌系统1 (T3SS1)组分的基因、4个编码六型分泌系统1 (T6SS1)组分的基因和编码触发磷酸二酯酶A的基因tpdA,也下调了2.3−4.4倍(表3)。以上结果表明,ZntR调控一些毒力相关基因的表达。
生长曲线分析结果显示,ΔzntR在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下表现出生长缺陷,这和ΔzntA的表型[26]相似。ICP-MS结果显示,在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下,ΔzntR菌体内均积累了更多的锌。说明在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下,ΔzntR的生长缺陷均与锌稳态紊乱有关。当用TPEN降低培养基中的锌浓度,ΔzntR在镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长恢复正常,进一步证实ΔzntR在该条件下的生长缺陷与锌稳态紊乱有关。实际上,一种金属的过量经常会扰乱其他金属的稳态。例如,在大肠杆菌中,过量的锌会扰乱铁和铜稳态[33];在肺炎克雷伯菌中,锌稳态紊乱会影响锰和铁稳态[34]
前期研究结果显示,在副溶血弧菌ΔzntR中,zntA基因显著下调表达,而zntA与锌稳态有关[26],因此探究了在ΔzntR中超表达zntA对其在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长。结果显示,ΔzntR/pMMB207-zntA在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长能恢复正常,而ΔzntR/pMMB207不能。说明ΔzntR在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长缺陷与zntA下调表达有关。
锌稳态对细菌氧化应激抗性的影响已经得到了很好的证实。在假结核耶尔森菌中,ZntR与细菌在氧化应激条件下的存活有关[35]。在变形链球菌中,扰乱锌稳态会降低其对氧化应激的耐受性[36]。在副溶血弧菌中,锌外排系统ZntA促进细菌在锌过量的条件下抵抗H2O2诱导的氧化应激[26]。然而,在根癌农杆菌中,zntA的失活反而使细菌对氧化应激的抗性增强[37]。与副溶血弧菌ΔzntA的情况[20]相似,在单独添加H2O2的培养基中,ΔzntR未表现出明显的生长缺陷;然而,当培养基中同时添加锌和H2O2,ΔzntR的生长明显受到抑制。因此,ZntR通过调控锌稳态促进副溶血弧菌抵抗氧化应激。
通常情况下,锌稳态与细菌的毒力有关。在变形链球菌中,用锌进行局部处理显著降低ΔzccE (锌外排系统缺失株)对大鼠牙齿表面的定殖效率[36]。在慢性感染小鼠模型中,zntR缺失导致流产布鲁氏菌毒力显著下降[38]。在牛分枝杆菌中,锌外排系统CtpG促进细菌在THP-1巨噬细胞和小鼠模型中的存活[39]。斑马鱼是评估副溶血弧菌毒力的理想模型[40-41]。竞争感染实验被广泛用于评估细菌的毒力[42-43]。因此,本研究用斑马鱼竞争感染试验比较了WT和ΔzntR的毒力。结果显示,ΔzntR的毒力显著下降。该结果与预期一致,因为在ΔzntR中毒力相关基因zntA显著下调表达[26]。除了zntA,其他一些毒力相关基因,包括4个编码T3SS1组分的基因[31]、4个编码T6SS1组分的基因[31]tpdA[32]也显著下调表达。T3SS1能将效应蛋白VopQ、VopR、VopS和VPA0450注入宿主细胞,引起细胞毒性[4]。T6SS1促进副溶血弧菌黏附宿主细胞[31]。TpdA调控副溶血弧菌环二鸟苷酸(c-di-GMP)丰度、运动性和生物被膜形成[32]。推测ZntR通过调控毒力相关基因的表达影响副溶血弧菌的毒力。需要注意的是,并不是在所有细菌中锌稳态都与毒力有关。例如,在绵羊布鲁氏菌中,ΔzntR和ΔzntA在小鼠巨噬细胞和小鼠模型中的毒力均未下降[44]
虽然本研究证实ZntR促进副溶血弧菌在锌过量条件下的氧化应激抗性,然而其具体机制仍然未知。推测在锌过量条件下,一些氧化应激抗性相关的酶(如超氧化物歧化酶)因为金属错配而降低活性。例如,VP_RS10295编码含铁超氧化物歧化酶,过量的锌可能会与铁竞争结合该酶,进而影响其活性。下一步可以探究这些酶在金属过量条件下的活性,进而明确金属过量影响副溶血弧菌生理的机制。此外,解析ZntR的结构,明确ZntR结合锌的关键活性位点,也有助于未来基于ZntR开发新型药物。
综上所述,本研究探究了ZntR对副溶血弧菌金属稳态、氧化应激抗性和毒力的影响。结果显示,ZntR通过调控锌稳态有利于维持副溶血弧菌在锌、镍过量和铁限制条件下的生长。此外,ZntR促进副溶血弧菌的氧化应激抗性及毒力。
  • 国家自然科学基金(31802210)
  • 江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
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2024年第64卷第12期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240274
  • 接收时间:2024-04-30
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-09-26
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-30
  • 录用日期:2024-09-24
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802210)
国家自然科学基金(31802210)
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
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    扬州大学 生物科学与技术学院, 江苏 扬州 225009

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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