Article(id=1242149203384804104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242149197907042945, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240404, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1719763200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1724256000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-22, onlineDate=1774081048103, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1724601600000, pubDateStr=2024-08-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774081048103, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774081048103, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081048103, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242149197907042945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='12', pageStart='4471', pageEnd='4951', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774081046797, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081046797, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4936, endPage=4951, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242149203812623136, articleId=1242149203384804104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain, columnId=1226236834313847103, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Data Paper, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To reveal the dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain across seasons and explore the underlying factors causing the temporal variations. [Methods] Water samples were collected from both surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain, and metagenomic sequencing was employed to investigate the seasonal variations of bacterial communities. The variations in environmental factors, bacterial community structure, and bacterial community assembly processes in the surface water and groundwater were compared considering rainy and dry seasons. [Results] For the surface water, the salinity (P < 0.01) and conductivity (P < 0.01) during the rainy season were lower than those during the dry season, while no significant seasonal variation was observed in turbidity. For the groundwater, the turbidity was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season (P < 0.05), while neither salinity nor conductivity showcased seasonal variations. The Shannon index of bacteria in the surface water in the rainy season was higher than that in the dry season (P < 0.01), whereas that in the groundwater presented no significant seasonal difference. The principal coordinates analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (P=0.001) revealed significant seasonal variations in bacterial communities between surface water and groundwater. The Mantel test showed no significant correlations between the bacterial community in the groundwater and environmental factors during the dry season, while other communities were significantly correlated with at least one environmental factor. The neutral community model, modified stochasticity ratio (MST), and β nearest taxon index all indicated that stochastic processes exerted stronger effects on the bacterial community in the surface water during the rainy season than during the dry season, and the trend was similar but not significant for the bacterial community in the groundwater. The migration rate of surface water was higher during the rainy season than during the dry season, whereas that of groundwater showed an opposite trend. (5) The seasonal variations in the diversity of antibiotic resistance genes exhibited a negative correlation with MST (ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2) in the surface water, whereas the correlation was positive in the groundwater (ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6). [Conclusion] The temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain showed notable differences. These differences can potentially be attributed to distinct basic properties between surface water and groundwater, frequent environmental disturbances during the rainy season, and water exchange processes between surface water and groundwater.

, correspAuthors=Kang NING, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*NING Kang, Tel: +86-27-87793041, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jialin TIAN, Dongliang CHU, Haohong ZHANG, Kang NING), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242149207411335175, articleId=1242149203384804104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化, columnId=1226236834993324389, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=数据论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】揭示江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落在旱季和雨季之间的动态变化,探究产生时间动态差异的原因。【方法】于江汉平原人口稠密区的地表水、地下水采集水样,利用宏基因组测序技术,分析地表水和地下水细菌群落在环境条件、群落结构、群落构建过程的季节间变化差异。【结果】地表水的盐度(P < 0.01)、电导率(P < 0.01)在雨季显著低于旱季,地下水的浊度(P < 0.05)在雨季显著高于旱季,反之则季节间差异不显著。地表水群落Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季(P < 0.01),地下水群落差异不显著;主坐标分析(principle coordinates analysis, PCoA)和置换多元方差分析(P=0.001)表明,不同季节间,地表水和地下水的细菌群落间差异显著。Mantel test相关性分析表明,旱季地下水群落与环境因素的相关性不显著,其余群落均与至少一种环境因素显著相关。中性群落模型(neutral community model, NCM)、修正随机性比率(modified stochasticity ratio, MST)与β最近分类单元指数(β nearest taxon index, βNTI)均表明,地表水群落在雨季受到随机性过程的影响明显高于旱季,地下水存在相似但不明显的趋势;地表水的迁移率在雨季高于旱季,而地下水的变化趋势相反。地表水群落中,季节间抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)多样性变化值与MST值负相关(ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2);地下水群落则呈现正相关关系(ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6)。【结论】江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化存在差异。地表水和地下水基本性质的差异、雨季频繁的环境扰动,以及地表水、地下水之间的水体交换过程可能是导致上述差异的原因。

, correspAuthors=宁康, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=JkTIYrIwTwyTw5IkFZjVOg==, magXml=0KGkkXhgbllEENgKjSb4Mw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Thz51+5JzMBzKMLW5kQbkQ==, pdfFileSize=1441485, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=7gB9SDxTjA7RlfGrycmX2A==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=crrpVFyhwHORublKr0J5Xw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=田家林, 楚栋良, 张皓鸿, 宁康)}, authors=[Author(id=1243293083023032949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, 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Journal of Environmental Management, 2023, 344:118705., articleTitle=Comprehensive overview of antibiotic distribution, risk and priority: a study of large-scale drinking water sources from the Lower Yangtze River, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243293087770985316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=32071465, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071465), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293087913591658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=32071465, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32071465), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088043615088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=31871334, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871334), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088131695476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=31871334, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(31871334), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088249135994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=2023YFA1800900, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1800900), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088387548039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=2023YFA1800900, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFA1800900), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088509182863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=2018YFC0910502, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0910502), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243293088660177816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, awardId=2018YFC0910502, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0910502), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243293082909786735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243293082918175344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, companyId=1243293082909786735, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging, Center of Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and System Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243293082922369648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, companyId=1243293082909786735, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=华中科技大学 生命科学与技术学院, 分子生物物理教育部重点实验室, 生物信息与分子成像湖北省重点实验室, 人工智能生物学研究中心, 生物信息与系统生物学系, 湖北 武汉 430074)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243293085933880072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Overview of the research area and the distribution of sampling locations. A: The geographical location of the Jianghan Plain. B: The distribution of sampling positions. C: Land use types in the Jianghan Plain. D: The average annual precipitation in the Jianghan Plain. The land use data is sourced from the GlobeLand30 dataset of the Ministry of Natural Resources, People's Republic of China, downloaded from the National Catalogue Service For Geographic Information (https://www.webmap.cn/). The precipitation data is sourced from the spatial interpolation dataset of the average condition of meteorological elements in China[18], downloaded from the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform (https://www.resdc.cn/)., figureFileSmall=9UaSdcJN5Ynq1KVsI8oN6Q==, figureFileBig=ZORsSpZPTmhODD23HRGjYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086005183244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究区概况与采样点位置分布

A:江汉平原的地理位置. B:采样位置分布. C:江汉平原土地利用类型. D:江汉平原年平均降水量. 土地利用数据来源于中华人民共和国自然资源部GlobeLand30数据集,下载自全国地理信息资源目录服务系统(https://www.webmap.cn/). 降水量数据来源于中国气象要素平均状况空间插值数据集[18],下载自资源环境科学数据平台(https://www.resdc.cn/)

, figureFileSmall=9UaSdcJN5Ynq1KVsI8oN6Q==, figureFileBig=ZORsSpZPTmhODD23HRGjYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086160372501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=The bacterial community composition at the genus level in surface water (A) and groundwater (B)., figureFileSmall=zWt14yJn5n9HuXbALKN7aQ==, figureFileBig=0q+vwcrtkKZ3jPLGUSZFzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086240064282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图2, caption=地表水(A)和地下水(B)细菌群落的属水平组成, figureFileSmall=zWt14yJn5n9HuXbALKN7aQ==, figureFileBig=0q+vwcrtkKZ3jPLGUSZFzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086319756062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Analysis of the biodiversity of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater. A: Shannon index. B: Chao1 index. C: Principle coordinates analysis (PCoA). Using Bray-Curtis distance as similarity distance in PCoA. Wilcoxon test, NS.: No significance; *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.001; ****: P < 0.000 1., figureFileSmall=VXZSPkYSjnisXUsoN/CWIw==, figureFileBig=JHd8bhVPoPwaBiu2YL1CnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086453973796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图3, caption=地表水和地下水细菌群落多样性分析

A:Shannon多样性指数. B:Chao1多样性指数. C:主坐标分析(PCoA). PCoA中选取Bray-Curtis距离作为相似性距离

, figureFileSmall=VXZSPkYSjnisXUsoN/CWIw==, figureFileBig=JHd8bhVPoPwaBiu2YL1CnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086558831400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Differences in environmental factors of surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) communities between seasons. Wilcoxon test, NS.: No significance; *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.001; ****: P < 0.000 1., figureFileSmall=4srm1dE0AupZLov2Iu3uIA==, figureFileBig=JRxsYYsviKU7Sl0YwYfGyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086672077614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图4, caption=地表水(SW)和地下水(GW)群落在季节间的环境因素差异, figureFileSmall=4srm1dE0AupZLov2Iu3uIA==, figureFileBig=JRxsYYsviKU7Sl0YwYfGyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086776935216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Mantel test of surface water (A) and groundwater (B) in different seasons. The similarity distance matrix is calculated based on the Bray-Curtis distance. The correlation significance between environmental factors is given through Spearman correlation test, *: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01; ***: P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=dC/fP4NrT4h68nn548oj0A==, figureFileBig=E20twNs22p9kMKDF/xKcLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086877598515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同季节地表水(A)和地下水(B)细菌群落的Mantel test相关性分析

基于Bray-Curtis距离计算相似性矩阵. 环境因素的相关性显著性通过Spearman相关性检验进行计算

, figureFileSmall=dC/fP4NrT4h68nn548oj0A==, figureFileBig=E20twNs22p9kMKDF/xKcLA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293086986650422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=The bacterial community assembly processes in surface water and groundwater. A−D: NCM fitting results of surface water communities in dry season (A) and rainy season (B), groundwater communities in dry season (C) and rainy season (D). E: MST values of surface water and groundwater communities. F: βNTI values of surface water and groundwater communities. G: The relative proportion of community assembly processes. Wilcoxon test, NS.: No significance; ****: P < 0.000 1., figureFileSmall=cZ0lXRe74dJuHH01A5oLOA==, figureFileBig=bMYDRplAxVv2Ys+RJupldA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293087104090939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图6, caption=地表水和地下水细菌群落构建过程

A−D:旱季地表水群落(A)、雨季地表水群落(B)、旱季地下水群落(C)、雨季地下水群落(D)的NCM拟合结果. E:地表水和地下水群落的MST值. F:地表水和地下水群落的βNTI值. G:群落构建过程的相对比例

, figureFileSmall=cZ0lXRe74dJuHH01A5oLOA==, figureFileBig=bMYDRplAxVv2Ys+RJupldA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293087213142850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=The top 10 antibiotic resistance genes with the highest relative abundance in bacterial communities of surface water (A) and groundwater (B)., figureFileSmall=DsKgsFYzvmhhr2Qo+0UPWw==, figureFileBig=iP47EEo6St3CQkzYm2UyfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293087309611847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图7, caption=地表水(A)和地下水(B)细菌群落中相对丰度最高的10种抗生素抗性基因, figureFileSmall=DsKgsFYzvmhhr2Qo+0UPWw==, figureFileBig=iP47EEo6St3CQkzYm2UyfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293087452218194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Linear regression analysis of ARGs and community assembly processes. A: Surface water communities. B: Groundwater communities., figureFileSmall=loGl/njdUWpp67qkS60VFg==, figureFileBig=eGwiIcnZUsJhz68nkNJNUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243293087552881495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149203384804104, language=CN, label=图8, caption=ARGs与群落构建过程的线性回归分析

A:地表水群落. B:地下水群落

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江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化
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田家林 , 楚栋良 , 张皓鸿 , 宁康 *
微生物学报 | 数据论文 2024,64(12): 4936-4951
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微生物学报 | 数据论文 2024, 64(12): 4936-4951
江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化
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田家林, 楚栋良, 张皓鸿, 宁康*
作者信息
  • 华中科技大学 生命科学与技术学院, 分子生物物理教育部重点实验室, 生物信息与分子成像湖北省重点实验室, 人工智能生物学研究中心, 生物信息与系统生物学系, 湖北 武汉 430074
Temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain
Jialin TIAN, Dongliang CHU, Haohong ZHANG, Kang NING*
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging, Center of Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and System Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
出版时间: 2024-08-26 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240404
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【目的】揭示江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落在旱季和雨季之间的动态变化,探究产生时间动态差异的原因。【方法】于江汉平原人口稠密区的地表水、地下水采集水样,利用宏基因组测序技术,分析地表水和地下水细菌群落在环境条件、群落结构、群落构建过程的季节间变化差异。【结果】地表水的盐度(P < 0.01)、电导率(P < 0.01)在雨季显著低于旱季,地下水的浊度(P < 0.05)在雨季显著高于旱季,反之则季节间差异不显著。地表水群落Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季(P < 0.01),地下水群落差异不显著;主坐标分析(principle coordinates analysis, PCoA)和置换多元方差分析(P=0.001)表明,不同季节间,地表水和地下水的细菌群落间差异显著。Mantel test相关性分析表明,旱季地下水群落与环境因素的相关性不显著,其余群落均与至少一种环境因素显著相关。中性群落模型(neutral community model, NCM)、修正随机性比率(modified stochasticity ratio, MST)与β最近分类单元指数(β nearest taxon index, βNTI)均表明,地表水群落在雨季受到随机性过程的影响明显高于旱季,地下水存在相似但不明显的趋势;地表水的迁移率在雨季高于旱季,而地下水的变化趋势相反。地表水群落中,季节间抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)多样性变化值与MST值负相关(ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2);地下水群落则呈现正相关关系(ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6)。【结论】江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化存在差异。地表水和地下水基本性质的差异、雨季频繁的环境扰动,以及地表水、地下水之间的水体交换过程可能是导致上述差异的原因。

微生物群落  /  地表水  /  地下水  /  宏基因组  /  抗生素抗性基因  /  江汉平原

[Objective] To reveal the dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain across seasons and explore the underlying factors causing the temporal variations. [Methods] Water samples were collected from both surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain, and metagenomic sequencing was employed to investigate the seasonal variations of bacterial communities. The variations in environmental factors, bacterial community structure, and bacterial community assembly processes in the surface water and groundwater were compared considering rainy and dry seasons. [Results] For the surface water, the salinity (P < 0.01) and conductivity (P < 0.01) during the rainy season were lower than those during the dry season, while no significant seasonal variation was observed in turbidity. For the groundwater, the turbidity was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season (P < 0.05), while neither salinity nor conductivity showcased seasonal variations. The Shannon index of bacteria in the surface water in the rainy season was higher than that in the dry season (P < 0.01), whereas that in the groundwater presented no significant seasonal difference. The principal coordinates analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (P=0.001) revealed significant seasonal variations in bacterial communities between surface water and groundwater. The Mantel test showed no significant correlations between the bacterial community in the groundwater and environmental factors during the dry season, while other communities were significantly correlated with at least one environmental factor. The neutral community model, modified stochasticity ratio (MST), and β nearest taxon index all indicated that stochastic processes exerted stronger effects on the bacterial community in the surface water during the rainy season than during the dry season, and the trend was similar but not significant for the bacterial community in the groundwater. The migration rate of surface water was higher during the rainy season than during the dry season, whereas that of groundwater showed an opposite trend. (5) The seasonal variations in the diversity of antibiotic resistance genes exhibited a negative correlation with MST (ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2) in the surface water, whereas the correlation was positive in the groundwater (ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6). [Conclusion] The temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain showed notable differences. These differences can potentially be attributed to distinct basic properties between surface water and groundwater, frequent environmental disturbances during the rainy season, and water exchange processes between surface water and groundwater.

microbial community  /  surface water  /  groundwater  /  metagenome  /  antibiotic resistance gene  /  the Jianghan Plain
田家林, 楚栋良, 张皓鸿, 宁康. 江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水细菌群落的时间动态变化. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4936 -4951 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240404
Jialin TIAN, Dongliang CHU, Haohong ZHANG, Kang NING. Temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in surface water and groundwater in the densely populated area of the Jianghan Plain[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4936 -4951 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240404
地表水和地下水是重要的环境资源,在生活供水、工农业生产、生态保护等方面具有重要价值[1]。由于人类活动的影响,水体富营养化[2-3]、抗生素污染[4-5]等水环境问题日趋严重,进而影响水环境的细菌群落。细菌等微生物是水环境生态系统的重要组成成分[6],参与维持生态系统的稳定性[7];而部分具有致病性或耐药性的细菌,构成了潜在的医疗风险[8-9]。江汉平原位于我国湖北省,古称“云梦泽”,是荆楚文化的形成地区。随着历史变迁与人口增长,江汉平原逐渐成为重要的农业区与经济区[10]。然而,近百年来围湖垦殖、废水排放等人类活动不断加剧,江汉平原的湖泊群面积锐减[10],水体污染严重[10-11],生态系统稳定性遭到破坏[10, 12-13]。我国生态环境部《“十四五”生态保护监管规划》指出[14],江汉平原湖泊湿地洪水调蓄区属于“生态保护监管重点区域”,需要“加强洪水调蓄、水源涵养、生物多样性保护等情况的监管,加强过度开垦,湖泊湿地生态系统受损情况监督”。因此,评估江汉平原地表水和地下水细菌群落的变化,对于保护其生态系统稳定性、衡量生态风险程度[15]具有重要意义。
地表水和地下水具有不同的基本性质与环境条件,地表水频繁参与水体交换,更易受到气候变化、人类活动的干扰;而地下水与外界的接触途径相对更少,水循环周期较长,整体状态相对稳定[16]。随着旱季到雨季的时间变化,地表水和地下水之间的水体交换过程越发频繁,微生物群落表现出更高的相似性[17]。由此可推断,地表水和地下水微生物群落在旱、雨季之间的变化规律可能存在不同。目前,同时分析地表水和地下水细菌群落时间动态差异的研究较为缺乏。
本研究以江汉平原人口稠密区的地表水、地下水细菌群落为研究对象,重点关注群落在旱季和雨季之间的动态差异,期望能够以时间动态性的观点,完善水环境生态保护的理解,为生态系统的风险预警、资源保护与可持续发展提供科学依据。
江汉平原(111°14′−114°36′E,29°26′−31°37′N)位于湖北省中南部,长江中游与汉江中下游区域(图1A)。江汉平原属于亚热带季风气候,季节分明,夏季高温多雨,冬季寒冷干燥,年平均降水量约为1 000−1 300 mm,水网密布,包含有长湖、洪湖等大型湖泊,以及长江支流内荆河。江汉平原承载着经济作物种植、水产养殖、航运与旅游等多种功能,人口分布稠密。实验数据采集于2018年12月(旱季)和2019年6月(雨季)[19-20],采样位置分布于实验区域的13处位置(图1B);采样位置附近的土地利用类型主要为耕地和人造地表(图1C),水环境与人类活动密切相关;此外,采样位置大致沿年平均降水量的梯度分布(图1D)。地表水样本主要来自于河流与池塘,在旱季和雨季各包含12个有效样本;地下水样本采集于灌溉水井和饮用水井,平均深度为22 m,在旱季和雨季分别包含11个与13个有效样本。地表水与地下水样本的地理位置基本一一对应。
在采样位置采集5 min水样,将水样储存在便携式冰箱中,立即运输至实验室进行分析。使用20 μm薄纱和0.22 μm孔径滤膜进行粒度分级(天津市津腾实验设备有限公司),在滤膜上收集得到微生物。滤膜样品保存在装有冰袋的便携式冷藏器中,运往实验室于−80 ℃保存。使用FastDNA SPIN Kit自旋试剂盒(MP Biomedicals公司)提取DNA,使用NEBNext Ultra DNA文库制备试剂盒(New England Biolabs公司)获取宏基因组文库,在Illumina HiSeq X Ten平台进行宏基因组双端测序。在原始测序数据中,平均每个样本包含约43 763 145个reads,使用Trimmomatic (v0.38)进行质控后,平均每个样本包含约42 835 217个reads。使用Kraken2软件,基于minikraken2_v1_8GB数据库进行比对,其余采用默认参数,直接对宏基因组测序数据进行物种注释[21],进而计算得到物种相对丰度数据;使用DeepARG软件,利用DeepARG-LS模型,其余采用默认参数,预测得到抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)相对丰度数据[22]
采用实验室标准方法[23]测定总氮(total nitrogen, TN)、总磷(total phosphorus, TP)、铵盐氮含量(NH4+-N)和硝酸盐氮含量(NO3-N)。其他的理化参数,包括温度(temperature)、盐度(salinity)、溶解氧(dissolved oxygen, DO)、pH、氧化还原电位(oxidation-reduction potential, ORP)、浊度(turbidity)、叶绿素含量(chlorophyll)和电导率(specific conductance, SpCond)使用EXO2平台(YSI公司)进行原位测定。
使用R语言4.3.2进行统计分析、主坐标分析(principle coordinates analysis, PCoA)、构建中性群落模型(neutral community model, NCM)以及结果可视化。此外,使用R语言ggcor包(v0.9.8.1)进行Mantel test相关性分析。使用R语言NST包(v3.1.10)[24]计算修正随机性比率(modified stochasticity ratio, MST)。使用R语言iCAMP包(v1.5.12)[25]计算β最近分类单元指数(β nearest taxon index, βNTI)与基于Bray-Curtis非相似性距离的Raup-Crick指数(RCbray),定量描述群落构建过程。
通过Kraken2对宏基因组测序数据进行注释,在属水平注释得到1 087个细菌属,在物种水平注释得到3 833个物种,平均约3.8%的reads未被分类到属水平。分别筛选地表水与地下水中平均相对丰度最高的前10个属,比较其群落结构差异(图2)。假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、食酸菌属(Acidovorax)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)等类群是地表水与地下水共有的优势属,多核杆菌属(Polynucleobacter)等类群在地表水中丰度较高,而甲基单胞菌属(Methylomonas)等类群在地下水中丰度较高。地表水和地下水的细菌群落均存在明显的季节间结构变化,值得注意的是,假单胞菌属在地表水中,相对丰度呈现雨季高于旱季的趋势(图2A),在地下水中则呈现雨季低于旱季的趋势(图2B)。此外,相对于地下水,雨季地表水群落中尚未分类的类群比例明显较高。
在物种水平,计算地表水和地下水群落的细菌相对丰度,分析群落的α与β生物多样性(图3)。地表水群落的Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季(P < 0.01),地下水在旱季和雨季差异不显著(图3A)。总体上,地表水群落的Chao1指数显著高于地下水,但地表水和地下水Chao1指数在季节间的差异均不显著(图3B)。结果表明,地表水和地下水的季节间物种总数变化不显著,群落结构的差异可能由物种类别、相对丰度变化所导致。地表水群落在雨季具有显著更高的Shannon多样性指数,可能是由于物种分布的均匀程度在雨季升高。
通过PCoA分析不同季节地表水和地下水细菌群落结构的差异(图3C)。坐标轴PCoA1解释了17.12%的变异度,坐标轴PCoA2解释了14.71%的变异度。置换多元方差分析(P=0.001)表明,旱季地表水群落、雨季地表水群落、旱季地下水群落、雨季地下水群落之间存在显著的群落结构差异。地表水和地下水在旱季、雨季的不同群落间区分明显,相比于旱季,地表水和地下水群落在雨季更加接近。上述结果说明,地表水群落与地下水群落受季节影响明显,随着从旱季到雨季的时间变化,地表水与地下水的群落结构更加相似。
地表水和地下水群落的多种环境因素在旱季和雨季之间发生了变化(图4)。在地表水群落中,与旱季相比,雨季群落的温度(P < 0.000 1)、pH (P < 0.001)、叶绿素含量(P < 0.05)显著升高,盐度(P < 0.01)、电导率(P < 0.01)、硝酸盐氮含量(P < 0.05)显著降低。对于地下水群落,从旱季到雨季,温度(P < 0.000 1)、pH (P < 0.000 1)、浊度(P < 0.05)、叶绿素含量(P < 0.05)显著升高,硝酸盐氮含量(P < 0.05)显著降低。其余参数差异不显著。地表水与地下水微生物群落相比较,盐度、电导率、浊度的季节变化趋势存在差异。
Mantel test相关性分析描述了地表水和地下水群落受环境因素的影响程度(图5)。旱季地表水群落与温度(P < 0.05)显著相关;雨季地表水群落与温度(P < 0.01)、盐度(P < 0.05)显著相关;旱季地下水群落未观察到显著相关的环境因素;雨季地下水群落与铵盐氮含量(P < 0.01)、温度(P < 0.05)显著相关。上述结果表明,除旱季地下水群落外,温度是影响各群落物种组成的重要因素,并且温度是旱雨季之间发生显著变化的环境因素之一,值得重点关注。旱季地下水群落未观察到与环境因素的相关性,表明群落的物种组成相对更加稳定,不易受到外界环境变动的影响。
采用中性群落模型、修正随机性比率、β最近分类单元指数3种方法,定量分析地表水和地下水群落构建过程的差异(图6)。NCM用于描述物种出现频率与相对丰度的关系,模型拟合R2值越高,表明群落构建更接近中性模型,受到随机性过程的影响更明显[26]。修正随机性比率用于定量描述随机性过程在群落构建中占据的比例,MST值高于50%,表明随机性过程更加主导;MST值低于50%,表明确定性过程更加主导[24]。βNTI值高于2或低于−2,表明群落构建由确定性过程主导;βNTI值在−2与2之间,表明由随机性过程主导,结合RCbray值,能够进一步细分随机性过程的类别[27]
NCM拟合结果显示(图6A6D),对于模型拟合R2值而言,雨季地表水群落(R2=0.794)高于旱季地表水群落(R2=0.741),雨季地下水群落(R2=0.749)高于旱季地下水群落(R2=0.608),地表水和地下水趋势相同,即受到随机性过程的影响程度在雨季高于旱季。对于迁移率m而言,地表水群落在雨季(m=0.615)高于旱季(m=0.510),而地下水群落在雨季(m=0.180)低于旱季(m=0.224),地表水和地下水趋势相反,说明地表水群落在雨季更易发生迁移过程,而地下水群落在雨季更难于发生迁移过程。
基于R语言NST包tNST函数计算MST值,采用默认参数。地表水群落在雨季具有较高的MST值(图6E)。旱季地表水群落、雨季地表水群落、旱季地下水群落、雨季地下水群落的平均MST值分别为0.289、0.456、0.366、0.315。地表水群落在雨季的MST值显著高于旱季(P < 0.000 1),地下水群落差异不显著。上述结果表明,各群落受到确定性过程的影响更明显,但是在地表水群落中,呈现出从旱季到雨季,随机性过程的比例增加的趋势。
基于R语言iCAMP包bNTI.cm函数计算βNTI值与RCbray值,根据分类学关系构建拟系统发育树,其余参数采用默认值。结合各群落的βNTI值(图6F)与RCbray值,划分群落构建过程为不同类别(图6G)。雨季地表水群落的βNTI值主要集中在−2与2之间,旱季群落则存在较多βNTI值低于−2,说明雨季地表水群落的随机性过程比例高于旱季群落,而地下水群落的季节差异相对不明显。结合βNTI值与RCbray值,定量划分群落构建过程的比例,也同样显示这一结果。
NCM与βNTI方法表明,地表水和地下水的群落构建均由随机性过程主导;而MST方法则显示,确定性过程是主要的构建方式,这可能是3种方法的原理不同所导致。然而,3种方法均显示出地表水群落在雨季受随机性过程影响高于旱季这一趋势。
通过DeepARG分析宏基因组测序数据,共预测得到530种抗生素抗性基因。计算ARGs相对丰度,并筛选地表水和地下水群落中相对丰度最高的10种ARGs (图7)。结果显示,rpoB2bacAmexBmexF等基因在地表水与地下水群落中均具有较高的丰度,地表水群落中,rpoB2基因普遍占据了较高的比例,而地下水群落的ARGs分布相对更均匀。此外,根据Wilcoxon秩和检验分析各ARGs的平均相对丰度变化,结果显示在地表水中,bacAefpAmexBmexFmexWmtrA基因存在显著季节差异;在地下水中,mexBmexWrpoB2基因存在显著季节差异。上述结果表明,地表水与地下水的ARGs种类相似,地下水的ARGs分布均匀度高于地表水,且地表水与地下水均存在ARGs季节变化。
根据群落构建理论,抗生素对微生物具有选择性筛选作用,可能属于确定性过程[27],参与细菌群落构建。以ARGs间接反映群落抗生素水平,通过Spearman相关性分析,研究群落构建过程与ARGs的关系。计算地表水(和地下水)细菌群落在旱季、雨季样本之间的MST值,作为群落构建过程的指标;同时类比Shannon多样性指数,计算每个样本的ARGs多样性,根据样本对应关系,计算旱季、雨季之间的ARGs多样性变化值。结果显示,地表水群落中,季节间ARGs多样性变化值与MST值呈现负相关性(ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2);地下水群落中,季节间ARGs多样性变化值与MST值呈现正相关性(ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6)。
通过线性回归分析,研究季节间ARGs多样性变化值与MST的关系(图8)。在地表水群落中,MST值随ARGs多样性变化值的增大而减小(P=2.46E−2);在地下水群落中,MST值随ARGs多样性变化值(以10为底数的对数)的增大而增大(P=1.74E−6)。
本研究从时间动态变化的角度,结合环境条件、物种组成、群落构建过程与抗生素抗性基因,探究了洪湖流域地表水和地下水细菌群落的季节变化模式。
地表水和地下水的理化参数及环境条件随季节发生明显变化。地表水和地下水在温度、pH、叶绿素含量等方面变化趋势相同,然而,地表水的盐度(P < 0.01)、电导率(P < 0.01)在雨季显著低于旱季,地下水的浊度(P < 0.05)在雨季显著高于旱季,反之则季节间差异不显著(图4)。产生上述差异的原因可能与地表水、地下水的基本性质差异有关:地表水能够充分接受光照,在雨季,随着温度升高,水体光合作用过程更加强烈,促进HCO3离子转化为CO32−离子,导致pH升高、电导率降低[28];雨季频繁的降水过程,可能以稀释作用的方式,导致盐度和电导率的降低。此外,雨季地下水群落的叶绿素含量、浊度显著升高,可能是由于与地表水群落的高频率水体交换,光合微生物、悬浮物等迁入到地下水有关。
地表水和地下水的细菌群落结构存在明显的季节变化。对于优势属的分类研究(图2)、PCoA分析(图3)以及置换多元方差分析(P=0.001)的结果表明,不同季节间,地表水和地下水的群落结构差异显著。地表水群落的Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季(P < 0.01),Chao1指数差异不显著(图3),说明地表水群落的物种总数季节变化不明显,但物种种类变化、物种分布的均匀度提高可能是地表水群落间差异的原因。地下水的Shannon多样性指数与Chao1指数差异均不显著,说明地下水群落的物种总数、物种均匀度整体变化不明显。研究表明,地表水能够通过降水、河流下渗等方式转化为地下水[29],地表水微生物是地下水微生物的潜在来源[30],随着地表水与地下水的水体交换过程减弱,群落之间的差异性增加[17]。因此,雨季频繁的降水过程伴随着地表水、地下水之间的物种交换[31],可能导致了地表水和地下水细菌群落结构呈现不同的变化规律。
地表水和地下水群落结构与环境因素的关联性存在季节变化。Mantel test相关性分析结果显示(图5),旱季地下水群落与各环境因素的Mantel相关性不显著,而其余群落均与至少一种环境因素呈现关联,可能是由于旱季地下水群落受到外界干扰的途径有限,群落稳定性更高;相对而言,雨季地下水群落与地表水的水体交换过程增强,理化条件更易发生变化,物种的迁移与交换更易发生,进而影响细菌群落结构。
地表水和地下水的群落构建过程存在季节变化。在定量描述随机性过程的重要性时,NCM、MST、βNTI这3种方法呈现出不完全相同的结果(图6),这归因于各方法的基本原理不同。然而,3种方法均显示雨季地表水群落受到随机性过程的影响高于旱季群落,此结果与先前开展的研究结论相同[20]。在地下水群落中,这一趋势相似但不明显。此外,NCM结果显示,地表水的迁移率m在雨季高于旱季,而地下水的趋势相反,可能是因为地表水的流动性高于地下水,在水体交换过程中,物种的迁移过程更倾向由地表水迁入地下水。在雨季,温度升高与营养富集的协同作用促进了地表水中以漂变为主的随机性过程[32],频繁的降水能够扰乱地表水的环境条件、改变群落结构[33],随机性过程与降雨关系密切[33],相比之下,地下水受到的影响相对较小。总之,地表水与地下水的群落构建过程差异,可能与二者在雨季的基本性质差异紧密相关。
对于群落构建过程与抗生素抗性基因的关系,地表水和地下水存在不同的趋势。地表水与地下水具有相似的ARGs种类,均存在ARGs季节变化(图7),但是地下水的ARGs分布更均匀,二者存在季节变化的ARGs类型不完全相同。地表水群落中,季节间ARGs多样性变化值与MST值存在负相关性(ρ=−0.164, P=4.942E−2);地下水群落中呈现正相关性(ρ=0.393, P=1.452E−6)。线性回归分析进一步验证了这一结果(图8)。多项研究表明,在湖泊、河流等地表水水体中,抗生素与ARGs的浓度及组成存在季节变化特征[34-36],可能由抗生素用量、河流流动的季节变化所导致[35]。Zhang等对华中地区地表水和地下水ARGs的研究显示[34],土地利用模式对地表水ARGs的影响大于对地下水的影响。因此,地表水和地下水群落中,ARGs与细菌群落的动态构建过程可能存在不同的作用模式。
综上所述,江汉平原人口稠密区地表水和地下水的细菌群落,在环境条件、群落结构、群落构建过程等方面存在时间动态差异,上述差异可能由地表水、地下水的季节性质差异所导致。然而,对地表水、地下水细菌群落的动态变化研究仍需完善与拓展。例如,扩大采样数量与范围,补充研究总有机碳数据、抗生素等相关环境因素,选择更合适的ARGs指标,在后续研究中值得深入探索。除此之外,人类活动对于江汉平原地表水、地下水生态环境的影响,在不同的历史时期具有不同的途径与程度[10],例如,近代以前,围垦、耕种等农业生产活动是影响江汉平原水环境的主要原因[10],但随着近几十年抗生素的广泛使用,地表水、地下水已经呈现普遍的抗生素污染[37],导致潜在的生态风险[38-39]。因此,对于江汉平原以至更广阔地区的水资源保护,除关注自然环境的影响之外,监测当前人类活动的风险、预先防范未来的潜在因素,是值得深入探究的问题。
本研究在时间层面揭示了江汉平原人口稠密区地表水、地下水细菌群落的动态变化特征与差异。地表水群落的盐度、电导率存在雨季低于旱季的趋势,地下水群落的浊度则具有雨季高于旱季的趋势。不同季节的地表水、地下水群落之间存在显著差异,地表水的Shannon多样性指数在雨季显著高于旱季,地表水和地下水群落结构的变化原因可能不同。Mantel test相关性分析显示,旱季地下水群落与环境因素的相关性不显著,其余群落与环境因素显著相关。NCM、MST、βNTI这3种方法均表明,地表水群落在雨季受到随机性过程的影响高于旱季,地下水群落的变化相似但不明显。雨季与旱季相比,地表水群落的迁移率升高,地下水群落的迁移率降低。地表水群落中,季节间ARGs多样性变化值与MST值负相关,地下水中则为正相关,ARGs与群落构建过程可能存在不同的作用模式。上述差异与地表水、地下水的性质差异,雨季频繁的环境干扰,以及地表水、地下水之间的水体交换过程紧密相关。本研究从时间层面探究江汉平原人口稠密区地表水、地下水细菌群落的动态变化,为地表水、地下水的环境保护、生态风险评估提供理论依据。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32071465)
  • 国家自然科学基金(31871334)
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFA1800900)
  • 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0910502)
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2024年第64卷第12期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240404
  • 接收时间:2024-07-01
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-08-26
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01
  • 录用日期:2024-08-22
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071465)
国家自然科学基金(32071465)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871334)
国家自然科学基金(31871334)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1800900)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFA1800900)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0910502)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0910502)
作者信息
    华中科技大学 生命科学与技术学院, 分子生物物理教育部重点实验室, 生物信息与分子成像湖北省重点实验室, 人工智能生物学研究中心, 生物信息与系统生物学系, 湖北 武汉 430074

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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