Article(id=1242149199362470728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242149197907042945, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240402, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1719763200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1724601600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-26, onlineDate=1774081047144, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1724774400000, pubDateStr=2024-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774081047144, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774081047144, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081047144, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242149197907042945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='12', pageStart='4471', pageEnd='4951', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774081046797, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774081046797, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4833, endPage=4849, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242149201652560723, articleId=1242149199362470728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Bifidobacterium adolescentis alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To study the therapeutic effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity on a mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC). [Methods] The B. adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity were screened based on 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging rate, reducing capacity, and hydrogen peroxide tolerance. Subsequently, we established a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis to investigate the alleviating effects of the B. adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity on UC. [Results] Among the 26 strains of B. adolescentis, TH02767, TH03658, and TH03664 demonstrated strong antioxidant capacity. Only TH02767 showed an alleviating effect on UC in terms of disease activity index and spleen index in the mouse model (P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention with TH02767 lowered the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and myeloperoxidase (P < 0.05), while enhancing the production of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05) in the colon. In addition, TH02767 modulated gut microbiota in the mice by reducing the relative abundance of Deferribacterota and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, it increased the relative abundance of Muribaculum and Muribaculaceae (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] B. adolescentis TH02767 screened out in this study for its robust antioxidant capacity not only ameliorates the clinical symptoms associated with DSS-induced colitis in mice but also significantly reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulates the gut microbiota.

, correspAuthors=Yuling LI, Lijun LIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail: LI Yuling,
E-mail: LIAO Lijun,
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qianhao HOU, Jingyi HU, Zuanyuan HUANG, Jinyuan ZHANG, Xuejiao ZENG, Xin LI, Jiaqi LIN, Yuling LI, Lijun LIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242149206488593399, articleId=1242149199362470728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的缓解作用, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】探究具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的作用效果。【方法】以2, 2-联苯基-1-苦基肼基自由基清除率、还原能力和过氧化氢耐受能力作为抗氧化指标,筛选具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌进行后续动物实验。通过构建葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型,探究抗氧化能力较强的青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎的缓解效果。【结果】在26株青春双歧杆菌中,青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664表现出较强的抗氧化能力。在葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型中,仅有TH02767在疾病活动指数和脾脏指数方面表现出对结肠炎具有显著缓解效果(P < 0.05)。此外,TH02767的干预显著降低了结肠中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β和髓过氧化物酶的含量(P < 0.05),并显著增加了白细胞介素-10的含量(P < 0.05)。TH02767降低了结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群中脱铁杆菌门的丰度,增加了拟杆菌门丰度,并在属水平上显著增加了鼠杆状菌属(Muribaculum)和鼠杆状菌科(Muribaculaceae)的丰度(P < 0.05)。【结论】本研究筛选得到的具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌TH02767,不仅能够改善葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠的相关临床症状,还能显著降低促炎细胞因子含量,并有效调节肠道菌群。

, correspAuthors=李语玲, 廖丽君, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=4+ZC51liO66zoFJCDGK6wg==, magXml=L9ukXkbtFSh18hJ8oWBLHA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=/kw7dTPBPN7WMJ6TYmlAwg==, pdfFileSize=1460350, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ZdeHTdn7I8QQY78e4wI7Gg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=aHhgy8hjukirTybZq84Xtg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=侯千暠, 胡静怡, 黄钻元, 张金源, 曾雪骄, 李鑫, 林佳琪, 李语玲, 廖丽君)}, authors=[Author(id=1243295822369108102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149199362470728, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, 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Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains information

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsSourceRegionStrainsSourceRegion
TH02764Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03467Adult fecesNingde
TH02765Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03468Adult fecesNingde
TH02766Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03471Adult fecesNingde
TH02767Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03480Adult fecesNingde
TH03116Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03658Adult fecesXiamen
TH03120Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03659Adult fecesXiamen
TH03123Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03660Adult fecesXiamen
TH03127Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03661Adult fecesXiamen
TH03128Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03664Adult fecesXiamen
TH03131Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03666Adult fecesXiamen
TH03352Adult fecesHuixianTH03734Adult fecesYichun
TH03462Adult fecesNingdeTH03916Adult fecesKunming
TH03463Adult fecesNingdeTH03919Adult fecesKunming
), ArticleFig(id=1243295827733622991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242149199362470728, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

青春双歧杆菌菌株信息表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsSourceRegionStrainsSourceRegion
TH02764Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03467Adult fecesNingde
TH02765Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03468Adult fecesNingde
TH02766Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03471Adult fecesNingde
TH02767Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03480Adult fecesNingde
TH03116Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03658Adult fecesXiamen
TH03120Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03659Adult fecesXiamen
TH03123Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03660Adult fecesXiamen
TH03127Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03661Adult fecesXiamen
TH03128Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03664Adult fecesXiamen
TH03131Adult fecesZhengzhouTH03666Adult fecesXiamen
TH03352Adult fecesHuixianTH03734Adult fecesYichun
TH03462Adult fecesNingdeTH03916Adult fecesKunming
TH03463Adult fecesNingdeTH03919Adult fecesKunming
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青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的缓解作用
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侯千暠 1 , 胡静怡 2 , 黄钻元 2 , 张金源 1 , 曾雪骄 1 , 李鑫 1 , 林佳琪 1 , 李语玲 3, * , 廖丽君 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(12): 4833-4849
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(12): 4833-4849
青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的缓解作用
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侯千暠1, 胡静怡2, 黄钻元2, 张金源1, 曾雪骄1, 李鑫1, 林佳琪1, 李语玲3, * , 廖丽君1, *
作者信息
  • 1 同济大学附属东方医院 疼痛科, 上海 200120
  • 2 厦门联合呼吸健康研究院, 福建 厦门 361000
  • 3 上海中医药大学附属普陀医院 药剂科, 上海 200062
Bifidobacterium adolescentis alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice
Qianhao HOU1, Jingyi HU2, Zuanyuan HUANG2, Jinyuan ZHANG1, Xuejiao ZENG1, Xin LI1, Jiaqi LIN1, Yuling LI3, * , Lijun LIAO1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Department of Pain Management, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
  • 2 Xiamen Institutes of Respiratory Health, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China
  • 3 Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
出版时间: 2024-08-28 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240402
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【目的】探究具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的作用效果。【方法】以2, 2-联苯基-1-苦基肼基自由基清除率、还原能力和过氧化氢耐受能力作为抗氧化指标,筛选具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌进行后续动物实验。通过构建葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型,探究抗氧化能力较强的青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎的缓解效果。【结果】在26株青春双歧杆菌中,青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664表现出较强的抗氧化能力。在葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型中,仅有TH02767在疾病活动指数和脾脏指数方面表现出对结肠炎具有显著缓解效果(P < 0.05)。此外,TH02767的干预显著降低了结肠中肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β和髓过氧化物酶的含量(P < 0.05),并显著增加了白细胞介素-10的含量(P < 0.05)。TH02767降低了结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群中脱铁杆菌门的丰度,增加了拟杆菌门丰度,并在属水平上显著增加了鼠杆状菌属(Muribaculum)和鼠杆状菌科(Muribaculaceae)的丰度(P < 0.05)。【结论】本研究筛选得到的具有较强抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌TH02767,不仅能够改善葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎小鼠的相关临床症状,还能显著降低促炎细胞因子含量,并有效调节肠道菌群。

青春双歧杆菌  /  抗氧化能力  /  溃疡性结肠炎  /  葡聚糖硫酸钠  /  肠道菌群

[Objective] To study the therapeutic effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity on a mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC). [Methods] The B. adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity were screened based on 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging rate, reducing capacity, and hydrogen peroxide tolerance. Subsequently, we established a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis to investigate the alleviating effects of the B. adolescentis strains with strong antioxidant capacity on UC. [Results] Among the 26 strains of B. adolescentis, TH02767, TH03658, and TH03664 demonstrated strong antioxidant capacity. Only TH02767 showed an alleviating effect on UC in terms of disease activity index and spleen index in the mouse model (P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention with TH02767 lowered the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and myeloperoxidase (P < 0.05), while enhancing the production of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05) in the colon. In addition, TH02767 modulated gut microbiota in the mice by reducing the relative abundance of Deferribacterota and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, it increased the relative abundance of Muribaculum and Muribaculaceae (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] B. adolescentis TH02767 screened out in this study for its robust antioxidant capacity not only ameliorates the clinical symptoms associated with DSS-induced colitis in mice but also significantly reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulates the gut microbiota.

Bifidobacterium adolescentis  /  antioxidant capacity  /  ulcerative colitis  /  dextran sodium sulfate  /  gut microbiota
侯千暠, 胡静怡, 黄钻元, 张金源, 曾雪骄, 李鑫, 林佳琪, 李语玲, 廖丽君. 青春双歧杆菌对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的缓解作用. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4833 -4849 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240402
Qianhao HOU, Jingyi HU, Zuanyuan HUANG, Jinyuan ZHANG, Xuejiao ZENG, Xin LI, Jiaqi LIN, Yuling LI, Lijun LIAO. Bifidobacterium adolescentis alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (12) : 4833 -4849 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240402
溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis, UC)是一种影响结肠的慢性炎症性疾病,其典型症状包括腹泻、直肠出血和腹痛等,多发于30−40岁成年人群体中。近年来,UC的发病率和流行率在全球范围内呈上升趋势,尤其是北欧等发达国家,其发病率一直位居全球前列,在美国,每10万人中有214人确诊为UC,而欧洲的发病率更是高达每10万人中有505人,尽管中东等发展中国家的发病率相对较低,但也呈现出逐年上升趋势[1-2]。UC的发病机制尚未完全明确,但研究表明,遗传、环境和肠道屏障等因素与UC的发病和进展密切相关[3-4]。目前,UC的主要治疗方法包括美沙拉嗪、硫唑嘌呤和糖皮质激素等药物。然而,这些药物存在严重的副作用,部分患者随时间的推移可能会出现对药物的耐受性,或需要不断增加剂量以维持疗效[4]。因此,探索和开发替代传统治疗方法的新策略显得尤为重要。
人体内的微生物组由数以万亿计的病毒、真菌、细菌和真核微生物组成,特别是在远端回肠和结肠,细菌的数量和种类最为丰富,它们不仅可与环境相互作用,还与其他器官系统有着密切联系[5]。在健康状态下,肠道共生菌能够防止病原菌的定殖和侵袭,并且其代谢产物如短链脂肪酸等还可以调节免疫,肠道黏膜屏障可以防止肠道菌群与免疫系统直接接触,从而维持人体肠道微生态的平衡[6-8]。然而,在UC患者中,肠道菌群、肠道屏障和免疫系统之间的稳态被破坏,导致肠道屏障完整性受损,共生菌与免疫系统直接接触,触发免疫反应,肠道菌群失衡和免疫失调相互影响,共同加剧了UC的病程[9-11]。此外,氧化应激也是UC发展和恶化的主要原因之一。Damiani等[12]研究发现,在葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate, DSS)诱导的结肠炎大鼠模型中,硫代巴比妥酸反应物显著增加,活性氧水平升高。Halliwell[13]报道,活性氧可以激活核因子κB,促进促炎细胞因子产生,这些细胞因子又可诱导氧化应激,氧化应激与炎症形成恶性循环,肠道炎症进一步恶化。
益生菌被定义为一类“活的微生物,在摄入量足够多的情况下可给宿主带来益生作用”,其功能包括产生短链脂肪酸和胆汁酸、调节免疫、抑制病原体和维持肠道菌群稳态等[14]。研究发现,UC患者肠道菌群的特征为微生物多样性减少、厚壁菌门丰度降低、乳杆菌和双歧杆菌等有益菌减少,益生菌治疗可将有益微生物引入宿主肠道菌群中,针对性地调节UC患者的肠道菌群,从而实现治疗UC的目的[15-17]。青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis)是人类肠道菌群中丰度最高的双歧杆菌之一,其在粪便中的丰度可达到109−1010 CFU/g[18]。Bolte等[19]的研究表明,肠应激综合征、克罗恩病和UC患者的肠道菌群中青春双歧杆菌丰度显著降低。青春双歧杆菌具有产生短链脂肪酸和γ-氨基丁酸、调节免疫、抑制致病菌等多种益生功能,这些功能使得青春双歧杆菌成为辅助治疗UC的潜在候选菌株[18, 20-24]。尽管已有研究显示青春双歧杆菌的干预对DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠具有积极影响,但关于具有抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌对UC影响的研究尚未见报道。因此,本研究以从健康人体粪便中筛选到的青春双歧杆菌为研究对象,通过体外抗氧化实验,筛选抗氧化能力较强的菌株,并探究其对UC小鼠的缓解效果,旨在为开发具有缓解UC作用的益生菌提供理论参考。
脑心浸出肉汤培养基,广东环凯微生物科技有限公司;2, 2-联苯基-1-苦基肼基(2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH),上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司;无水乙醇,西陇科学股份有限公司;DSS,MP Biomedicals公司;三氯化铁、铁氰化钾,上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;过氧化氢,成都市科隆化学品有限公司;白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、白细胞介素-10 (interleukin-10, IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)和髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase, MPO) ELISA试剂盒,南京福麦斯生物技术有限公司;粪便DNA提取试剂盒,Qiagen公司;KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix,Kapa Biosystems公司。
超净工作台,上海智城分析仪器制造有限公司;微量分光光度计,天根生化科技(北京)有限公司;高压蒸汽灭菌锅,施都凯仪器设备(上海)有限公司;台式高速冷冻离心机,Eppendorf公司;全波长多功能酶标仪,TECAN公司。
八周龄SPF级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,购自广东药康生物科技有限公司,动物生产许可证号为SCXK(粤)2020-0054,饲养环境温度为(23±2) ℃,湿度为50%−60%,光照12 h/黑暗12 h循环,动物实验设计及实验方法经同济大学实验动物中心伦理委员会批准(伦理编号:TJBB07324101)。
本研究所用青春双歧杆菌分离自不同健康人体粪便样本中,均保藏于承葛生物科技有限公司菌库,菌株详细信息如表1所示。
参考Mu等[25]的方法,将青春双歧杆菌活化2代后,8 000 r/min离心3 min,收集菌体,用生理盐水清洗2次后,调整菌悬液OD600为0.8−1.0,备用。取1 mL菌悬液与1 mL 0.2 mmol/L DPPH溶液(溶剂为无水乙醇)混匀后,室温下避光静置30 min,6 000 r/min离心10 min,在517 nm处测定上清液的吸光度,每个样本设置3个平行,DPPH清除率计算见公式(1)。
式中:A1为1 mL DPPH溶液+1 mL菌悬液的吸光度;A2为1 mL无水乙醇+1 mL菌悬液的吸光度;A0为1 mL DPPH溶液+1 mL无水乙醇的吸光度。
参考杨静秋[26]的方法,将青春双歧杆菌活化后的菌液用生理盐水清洗2次后,调整菌悬液OD600为0.8−1.0,备用。将0.5 mL菌悬液与0.5 mL 0.2 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液、0.5 mL质量浓度为1%铁氰化钾溶液混匀,50 ℃水浴20 min,迅速降温后加入0.5 mL质量浓度为10%三氯化铁,混匀后4 000 r/min离心10 min。取1 mL上清液,加入1 mL纯水和1 mL质量浓度为0.1%三氯化铁,混匀后室温静置反应10 min,于700 nm处测定吸光值,每个样本设置3个平行,还原能力计算见公式(2)。
式中:As为实验组的吸光度,Ab为空白组的吸光度。
参考Mu等[25]的方法,将活化后的青春双歧杆菌按2%接种量接至含H2O2的BHIS培养基(过氧化氢终浓度为0、0.8、1.2、1.6 mmol/L),厌氧培养24 h,于600 nm处测定吸光度,每个样本设置3个平行。
40只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠适应性喂养7 d后随机分为5组,每组8只,分别为正常组(CON)、模型组(MOD)、青春双歧杆菌TH02767组、青春双歧杆菌TH03658组和青春双歧杆菌TH03664组。除CON组小鼠在1−17 d自由饮用灭菌水外,其余各组小鼠在1−7 d自由饮用灭菌水,在8−14 d自由饮用含2% DSS的灭菌水,在15−17 d自由饮用灭菌水。在整个实验期间,CON组和MOD组每日灌胃生理盐水,其余3组每日分别灌胃青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664 (每只小鼠灌胃200 μL 5×108 CFU/mL青春双歧杆菌新鲜菌液),动物实验设计如图1所示。
在造模期间,每天定时测定小鼠体重、摄食量和饮水量并计算小鼠体重下降率。疾病活动指数(disease activity index, DAI)参考先前的研究[27-28]进行评分。处死动物后解剖,称取脾脏质量,分离结肠组织,对结肠长度进行测量并拍照记录。
解剖时取1 cm左右远端结肠并放入10%福尔马林中进行固定,将固定好的结肠组织进行脱水、包埋、切片以及苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, H & E)染色,然后置于光学显微镜下观察,参考陈洋[29]的方法对组织损伤进行评分。
称取适量结肠样本,加入生理盐水后,进行超声破碎(250 W,工作5 s,间隔7 s,共3 min)。将超声破碎后的样品4 ℃、10 000 r/min离心10 min,收集上清液。按照BCA蛋白浓度试剂盒的说明书检测上清液总蛋白含量,作为炎症因子含量的背景校正。按照对应的ELISA试剂盒说明书操作,测定上清液中炎症细胞因子IL-6、IL-1β、IL-10、TNF-α含量和MPO含量。
取小鼠结肠内容物,按照粪便DNA提取试剂盒说明书对粪便DNA进行提取。采用引物515F (5′-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3′)和806R (5′-GGACTACNVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′)利用PCR对DNA的V4可变区域进行扩增。PCR反应体系(20 μL):KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix 10 μL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各0.4 µL,DNA模板(100 ng/µL) 2 µL,ddH2O 7.2 μL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃预变性3 min;95 ℃变性20 s,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,30个循环;72 ℃终延伸10 min。采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对DNA进行质量评估,以确保片段大小一致且无非特异性扩增。PCR产物经过纯化并测定DNA浓度后,参考Liu等[16]的方法进行文库构建。在Illumina MiSeq平台上进行高通量测序,使用FLASH进行序列片段拼接,利用Cutadapt和USEARCH对序列数据进行修剪、质量过滤并去除嵌合体。取97%相似性的嵌合序列和聚集序列进行聚类生成操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)表。将OTU的代表序列与SILVA 132数据库比对,用于RDP Classifier分类并聚合到不同的分类水平。在MicrobiomeAnalyst平台(https://www.microbiomeanalystca/)对样品进行α多样性分析和β多样性分析。α多样性指数采用Shannon指数和Simpson指数进行分析,β多样性指数基于Bray-Curtis距离的主坐标轴进行分析(principal coordinates analysis, PCoA)。
数据分析及处理利用SPSS 21.0,数据以平均值±标准差表示,各组之间的差异采用单因素方差分析,多组间的多重检验利用Dunnett’s multiple comparison test,不同小写字母表示显著差异(P < 0.05)。
DPPH是一种以氮为中心的自由基,其孤对电子在517 nm波长处表现出强烈的吸收峰。通过测定菌株对DPPH自由基的清除能力,可以间接反映其抗氧化能力。对26株青春双歧杆菌菌体的DPPH自由基清除能力进行测定,结果如图2所示。26株青春双歧杆菌的DPPH自由基清除率均超过40.0%,其中青春双歧杆菌TH02767的DPPH自由基清除率最高,达到了56.4%,其次是TH03658 (55.2%)。
抗氧化剂可将铁氰化钾中的Fe3+还原成Fe2+,亚铁氰化钾进一步与三氯化铁反应生成有色物质普鲁士蓝。普鲁士蓝在700 nm波长处具有最大吸收峰,其吸光度与样品还原能力成正比,从而可反映样品的抗氧化能力。26株青春双歧杆菌还原能力测定结果如图3所示,大多数菌株的还原能力低于15.0%,青春双歧杆菌TH03664还原能力最高,达到了44.4%,其次是青春双歧杆菌TH02767,其还原能力为39.3%。
过氧化氢可能引发过渡金属离子和羟自由基介导的氧化损伤,造成机体损伤,因此可通过测定菌株对过氧化氢的耐受性,评估其抗氧化能力。26株青春双歧杆菌在不同浓度过氧化氢(0、0.8、1.2和1.6 mmol/L)中培养24 h后的OD600值如图4所示。结果显示,在过氧化氢浓度为0.8 mmol/L的培养基中,大部分菌株仍能维持生长。然而,当过氧化氢浓度提升至1.6 mmol/L时,所有菌株的生长均受到抑制。在1.2 mmol/L的浓度下,青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664在培养24 h后OD600高于1.5,而其余菌株OD600值均低于1.0,表明这3株青春双歧杆菌对过氧化氢具有较好的耐受性。结合DPPH自由基清除率、还原能力和过氧化氢耐受能力测定结果,在26株青春双歧杆菌中,TH02767、TH03658和TH03664具有较为突出的抗氧化特性。
青春双歧杆菌对UC小鼠模型结肠炎症状的影响如图5所示。由图5A所示,在造模第6天,除CON组外,其余组小鼠体重均开始下降,在造模第10天,MOD组小鼠体重平均下降了16.1%,TH02767组小鼠体重变化与MOD组较为相似,青春双歧杆菌TH03658和TH03664的干预使UC小鼠体重下降幅度加剧。由图5B可知,MOD组DAI评分最高,相较于MOD组,青春双歧杆菌TH02767的干预显著降低了DAI评分(P < 0.05),TH03658和TH03664组小鼠的DAI评分与MOD组无显著差异。由图5C可知,MOD组小鼠脾脏指数较CON组显著增加(P < 0.05),TH02767组小鼠的脾脏指数显著低于MOD组(P < 0.05),然而,青春双歧杆菌TH03658和TH03664的干预对DSS诱导的脾脏指数升高无显著缓解效果。由图5D5E可知,与CON组相比,MOD组小鼠的结肠长度显著缩短(P < 0.05),青春双歧杆菌的干预对小鼠结肠缩短未产生显著缓解作用。
通过H & E染色对DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠结肠组织的损伤进行了观察及评估,结果如图6所示。CON组小鼠结肠黏膜结构保持完整,隐窝形态正常,杯状细胞数量丰富,未见明显炎性细胞浸润。相比之下,DSS处理后,MOD组小鼠黏膜层几乎完全遭到破坏,隐窝消失殆尽,黏膜下层出现明显水肿,并伴有大量炎性细胞的浸润。青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664的干预对DSS诱导结肠炎小鼠的结肠组织损伤无明显改善作用,TH02767组小鼠结肠组织病理评分降低,但不具有统计学意义。
图7可知,相较于CON组,MOD组小鼠TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β和MPO含量显著增加,IL-10含量显著降低(P < 0.05)。与MOD组相比,青春双歧杆菌TH02767的干预可显著降低TNF-α、IL-6和MPO水平,并显著提高IL-10水平(P < 0.05)。相较于MOD组,TH03664组小鼠结肠TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β有降低的趋势,IL-10水平有所增加,但无显著差异。青春双歧杆菌TH03658组小鼠的TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-10和MPO含量与MOD组无显著差异。
图8A所示,与CON组相比,MOD组小鼠的Simpson和Shannon多样性指数存在下降趋势,但相较于MOD组,青春双歧杆菌组小鼠的Simpson指数和Shannon指数均无显著差异。基于Bray-Curtis距离进行肠道菌群结构的主坐标分析,结果如图8B所示。与CON组相比,MOD组在β多样性上表现出显著差异(P=0.001)。青春双歧杆菌TH02767可显著影响DSS诱导结肠炎小鼠的肠道菌群(P=0.003),表明青春双歧杆菌TH02767可能通过调节肠道菌群,对结肠炎具有一定的缓解作用。
肠道微生物在UC的发病中扮演着重要角色。因此,本研究探讨了青春双歧杆菌对UC小鼠模型肠道菌群组成的影响,结果如图9所示。在门水平上,小鼠肠道菌群主要由疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)、脱硫菌门(Desulfobacterota)、脱铁杆菌门(Deferribacterota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)组成。DSS造模使得MOD组小鼠肠道菌群脱铁杆菌门丰度显著增加,拟杆菌门丰度显著降低(P < 0.05),变形菌门丰度增加,但无显著差异。相较于MOD组,青春双歧杆菌的干预使得小鼠肠道菌群拟杆菌门丰度显著增加(P < 0.05)。此外,TH02767和TH03664组小鼠脱铁杆菌门丰度显著降低(P < 0.05),青春双歧杆菌TH02767和TH03664的干预使得小鼠肠道菌群向着与CON组更相似的方向变化。在属水平上,小鼠肠道菌群主要由鼠杆状菌科(Muribaculaceae)、臭杆菌属(Odoribacter)、毛螺菌属NK4A136组(Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group)、Muribaculum、另枝菌属(Alistipes)、Mucispirillum等菌属组成。与CON组相比,MOD组小鼠肠道菌群中OdoribacterLachnospiraceae_NK4A136_groupAlistipes等菌属丰度较高,Muribaculaceae和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)丰度较低,青春双歧杆菌TH02767的干预对以上趋势有一定的缓解作用,使小鼠菌群结构趋向于正常小鼠。
为了进一步探究青春双歧杆菌的干预对UC小鼠肠道菌群组成的影响,选取了肠道菌群中相对丰度 > 1%的菌属,并通过STAMP分析表征显著变化的菌属(图9C9F)。相较于CON组,DSS处理使得小鼠肠道菌群MuribaculaceaeLactobacillus等菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P < 0.05),OdoribacterLachnospiraceae_NK4A136_groupMucispirillum等菌属相对丰度显著增加(P < 0.05)。与MOD组相比,青春双歧杆菌TH02767的干预使得UC小鼠肠道菌群中MuribaculaceaeMuribaculum等菌属相对丰度显著上调(P < 0.05),OdoribacterLachnospiraceae_NK4A136_groupMucispirillum等菌属相对丰度显著下调(P < 0.05);青春双歧杆菌TH03658的干预使得Muribaculum和阿克曼菌属(Akkermansia)相对丰度显著下调(P < 0.05);青春双歧杆菌TH03664的干预使得Muribaculaceae相对丰度显著上调(P < 0.05)。
随着UC发病率逐年上升,该疾病已成为全球关注的公共卫生问题。目前,临床治疗UC的药物主要包括美沙拉嗪和糖皮质激素等,但这些药物存在较强的副作用[6]。近年来,益生菌因其调节免疫、缓解氧化应激和调节肠道菌群等益生功能,在UC治疗中展现出极大的潜力[28, 30]。本研究通过测定DPPH自由基清除能力等抗氧化指标,筛选出抗氧化性强的青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664,并探究了3株青春双歧杆菌对DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠的影响。结果表明,青春双歧杆菌TH02767通过缓解结肠组织损伤、降低炎症因子水平和调节肠道菌群,在DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型中显示出良好的缓解效果。
DSS处理导致小鼠肠道屏障功能受损,使得肠道微生物侵入肠上皮细胞,激活免疫系统,从而引发炎症[31-32]。美沙拉嗪作为一种抗氧化剂,能够减少UC引起的结肠祖细胞中的活性氧,其抗氧化特性在化学预防机制中起着重要作用[33]。此外,Liu等[34]研究发现,穿膜肽-锰超氧化物歧化酶融合蛋白在LPS诱导的炎症细胞和DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠中均显示出显著的抗炎效果。Li等[35]的研究也表明,具有抗氧化能力的植物乳植杆菌AS21与具有抗炎能力丁酸梭菌的联合使用,能够有效缓解结肠炎小鼠的炎症并抑制氧化应激。本研究发现,青春双歧杆菌TH02767、TH03658和TH03664在体外抗氧化实验中均表现出良好的抗氧化性,但在DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型中,仅有TH02767显著降低了UC小鼠的DAI评分和脾脏指数,减少了TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β等促炎细胞因子的含量,TH03658和TH03664并未观察到对DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠具有明显的改善效果。Liu等[36]比较了不同清酒乳杆菌的体外免疫调节活性,在体外实验展现出抗炎作用的4株清酒乳杆菌中,仅有CCFM1267对DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠具有显著的缓解作用,与本研究结果较为相似。
肠道菌群在UC的发展和治疗中起着重要作用,肠道菌群紊乱会导致宿主免疫力下降,致病性因素增多,从而加剧UC的恶化[9, 37]。青春双歧杆菌具有调节肠道菌群的作用,可以富集短链脂肪酸产生相关菌属丰度,降低志贺氏菌等有害菌的丰度,从而改善肠道菌群紊乱[24, 38]。Lupp等[31]研究发现,炎症引起的肠道菌群变化有助于耐氧细菌定殖,变形菌门中的肠杆菌科过度生长繁殖。在炎症性肠病仔猪模型中,脱铁杆菌门和变形菌门丰度显著增加[39]。本研究发现,DSS处理后UC小鼠肠道菌群中变形菌门和脱铁杆菌门的丰度增加,而青春双歧杆菌TH02767的干预使变形菌门和脱铁杆菌门丰度降低,拟杆菌门丰度增加。Zhou等[40]通过荟萃分析发现,UC患者肠道菌群中拟杆菌丰度显著低于健康对照组。此外,Fan等[22]研究发现,青春双歧杆菌的干预使慢性结肠炎大鼠肠道菌群的拟杆菌门/厚壁菌门比例增加,这与本研究的结果相一致。在属水平上,3株青春双歧杆菌的干预均使结肠炎肠道菌群中Muribaculaceae丰度增加。Muribaculaceae被认为是长寿的一个潜在标志菌属[41]。Wu等[42]比对了百岁老人和其他年龄段人群的肠道菌群,发现在百岁老人的肠道菌群中Muribaculaceae显著富集。此外,具有抗衰作用的阿卡波糖可提高小鼠肠道菌群中Muribaculaceae丰度,并有助于增加肠道中丙酸盐含量[43]。这些研究提示Muribaculaceae与氧化应激之间存在密切联系。因此,3株青春双歧杆菌对Muribaculaceae的调节作用可能与菌株的抗氧化性有关。据报道,Muribaculum属菌株具有降解聚糖和产生短链脂肪酸的作用,在抵抗艰难梭菌感染方面具有一定的功效[2, 44]。Wang等[45]和Xu等[46]研究发现,在DSS诱导的UC小鼠模型中Muribaculum丰度显著降低。此外,Liu等[47]通过灌胃褐藻糖不仅有效抑制了UC小鼠的炎症反应,改善了肠道屏障功能,还观察到Muribaculum在肠道菌群中的丰度显著上升。与上述研究结果一致,青春双歧杆菌H02767显著降低了UC小鼠DAI评分的结肠炎症状,缓解了DSS诱导引起的炎症反应,并且显著增加了Muribaculum的丰度。
综上所述,高抗氧化能力的青春双歧杆菌TH02767对DSS诱导结肠炎小鼠模型具有显著的缓解作用,能够有效降低DAI指数和脾脏评分,减少TNF-α等促炎细胞因子水平,同时增加Muribaculaceae等有益菌属的丰度,使菌群结构趋向于正常小鼠。然而,并非所有具有抗氧化能力的菌株在体内模型中都达到预期的治疗效果。因此,需要进一步探究不同菌株在代谢组和基因组方面的差异,以及是否存在特定代谢途径影响菌株的缓解效果。
  • 上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2020-06)
  • 上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”医学创新研究专项(23Y11908300)
  • 国家自然科学基金(82202401)
  • 上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会临床高峰学科建设项目,急危重症学科(PWYgf2021-03)
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2024年第64卷第12期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240402
  • 接收时间:2024-07-01
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01
  • 录用日期:2024-08-26
基金
Academic Medicine Leader's Training Program in Health Systems of Pudong New Area(PWRd2020-06)
上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2020-06)
Shanghai's 2023 "Technology Innovation Action Plan" Medical Innovation Research Project(23Y11908300)
上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”医学创新研究专项(23Y11908300)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202401)
国家自然科学基金(82202401)
Shanghai Pudong New Area Summit (Emergency Medicine and Critical Care) Construction Project(PWYgf2021-03)
上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会临床高峰学科建设项目,急危重症学科(PWYgf2021-03)
作者信息
    1 同济大学附属东方医院 疼痛科, 上海 200120
    2 厦门联合呼吸健康研究院, 福建 厦门 361000
    3 上海中医药大学附属普陀医院 药剂科, 上海 200062

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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