Article(id=1242093874013864447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240235, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712851200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1716912000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-05-29, onlineDate=1774067856552, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1716998400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774067856552, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774067856552, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067856552, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242093864144666765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='10', pageStart='3571', pageEnd='3997', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774067854200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067980255, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3916, endPage=3931, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242093875616088619, articleId=1242093874013864447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=An antagonistic bacterial strain GZA12 against soft rot of konjac: isolation, identification, and application in disease prevention and growth promotion, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] Soft rot is one of the major diseases affecting the yield and quality of konjac. This study screened a strain with antagonistic effect on Pectinobacterium aroidearum from the rhizosphere soil of konjac, aiming to provide germplasm resources for the biocontrol of soft rot in konjac. [Methods] An antagonistic strain was screened by the plate confrontation method, and its antagonistic effects on pathogenic fungi were measured. The control effect of GZA12 on soft rot in konjac was examined by the inoculation in konjac corm tissue, pot experiment, and root irrigation. The growth-promoting effect of this strain was tested indoors and preliminarily verified by tomato pot experiments. [Results] A strain GZA12 with antagonistic effect was screened out and identified as Bacillus velezensis. This strain showed the inhibition zone diameter of 21.33 mm against P. aroidearum and the inhibition rates of 58.16%, 47.30%, and 54.53% against Botryosphaeria dothidea, Fusarium oxysporum, and F. solani, respectively. Inoculation of GZA12 in konjac corm tissue decreased the disease index by 26.67%, 33.33%, and 40.00%, respectively, compared with the inoculation of B. dothidea alone. In the pot experiment, the treatment with GZA12 suspension decreased the disease index by 22.85% compared with the control group and reached the control effect of 53.31%. The results from the root irrigation experiment showed that compared with water irrigation, irrigation with GZA12 fermentation broth reduced the disease index by 4.89% and reached the control effect of 21.57%. Strain GZA12 had the ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and produce siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Inoculation with GZA12 suspension promoted the growth of tomato seedlings in a concentration-dependent manner. [Conclusion] Strain GZA12 can inhibit the pathogen causing soft rot and promote the growth of konjac, demonstrating the potential for further development and utilization.

, correspAuthors=Tiyuan XIA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*XIA Tiyuan, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yu ZHONG, Lisha NIU, Yujie ZENG, Juan WU, Zhen REN, Zuoxin TANG, Wei WEI, Huanyu WEI, Zhenliang CAO, Boxuan JIA, Xiaoxiao WANG, Zhibin LUO, Ruicong WANG, Tiyuan XIA), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242093880292737902, articleId=1242093874013864447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=魔芋软腐病拮抗菌GZA12的分离鉴定及其防病促生作用, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】软腐病是影响魔芋产量和品质的重要病害之一。本研究旨在从魔芋根际土壤中筛选出一株对软腐果胶杆菌(Pectobacterium aroidearum)具有拮抗作用的菌株,从而为花魔芋软腐病害的生物防治提供种质资源。【方法】通过平板对峙法筛选出一株拮抗菌,并测定该菌株对多种病原真菌的拮抗效果。通过魔芋球茎组织接种、生防和灌根试验验证GZA12对魔芋软腐病的防治效果。同时对该菌株的促生能力进行室内测定,并通过番茄盆栽试验初步验证该菌株促生效果。【结果】筛选出一株具有拮抗能力的菌株GZA12并鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),该菌株对软腐果胶杆菌的抑菌圈直径达21.33 mm,对葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和茄病镰刀菌(F. solani)的抑菌率分别为58.16%、47.30%和54.53%。在魔芋球茎组织接种试验中,魔芋组织病情指数比单独接种软腐果胶杆菌菌液分别降低了26.67%、33.33%和40.00%;在生防盆栽试验中,与对照组相比,GZA12菌悬液处理组病情指数降低了22.85%,防效达53.31%。在灌根试验中,与清水灌根相比,GZA12发酵液灌根处理后,病情指数降低了4.89%,防效达21.57%。室内促生试验表明菌株GZA12具有固氮、解磷、产铁载体和产吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)的能力,接种GZA12菌悬液能促进番茄幼苗生长,其中高浓度的菌悬液效果更佳。【结论】菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病病原菌有较好的拮抗效果,并具有促生特性,有进一步开发利用的潜力。

, correspAuthors=夏体渊, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=BSbVmKd1HGhvXOev+peukg==, magXml=OS6635a465LGx6EW9CFxeA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=G+oMVKqRkFlBKG3yEBLWeg==, pdfFileSize=934813, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=vJCkKZNEHCrTd0pYBkrogg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=sisfvMfSJSEPKBxx23APIw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

#These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Journal of Hainan Normal University (Natural Science), 2022, 35 (1):50-56., articleTitle=Studies on Bacillus velezensis strain HNU24 with significant antagonistic activity against Ralstonia solanacearum and promoting plant growth activity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285181969313991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=8, pageStart=2986, pageEnd=3003, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=89, authorNames=null, journalName=微生物学通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王琦, 陈秀玲, 王傲雪. 一株具有促生作用的生防细菌YN-2A的分离、鉴定及全基因组测序分析[J]. 微生物学通报, 2024, 51 (8):2986-3003., articleTitle=一株具有促生作用的生防细菌YN-2A的分离、鉴定及全基因组测序分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285182032228552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=8, pageStart=2986, pageEnd=3003, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[51], rfOrder=90, authorNames=null, journalName=Microbiology China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Q, CHEN XL, WANG AX. 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Microbiology China, 2024, 51 (8):2986-3003., articleTitle=A biocontrol bacterium YN-2A with growth-promoting effect: isolation, identification, and genome sequencing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243285170015547414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, awardId=202101BA070001-057, language=EN, fundingSource=Joint Program on Basic Research for Local Undergraduate Universities in Yunnan Province(202101BA070001-057), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285170137182234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, awardId=202101BA070001-057, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-057), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285170221068315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, awardId=202101BA070001-035, language=EN, fundingSource=Joint Program on Basic Research for Local Undergraduate Universities 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A: Antagonistic effect of strain GZA12 on soft rot of konjac. B: Colony morphology. C: Gram staining., figureFileSmall=HKDl/o4aXm0olrISaylJ8A==, figureFileBig=w0BGtEGn8oa8kmLee1YLqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167381525417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图1, caption=菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病的抑菌作用和形态特征, figureFileSmall=HKDl/o4aXm0olrISaylJ8A==, figureFileBig=w0BGtEGn8oa8kmLee1YLqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167511548848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Phylogenetic tree constructed from the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain GZA12., figureFileSmall=crOFf8YKPYd7vLj4ui8mnw==, figureFileBig=KDAIF8qMbxw0JTqb5ck/RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167603823537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图2, caption=菌株GZA12基于16S rRNA基因序列构建的系统发育树, figureFileSmall=crOFf8YKPYd7vLj4ui8mnw==, figureFileBig=KDAIF8qMbxw0JTqb5ck/RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167670932404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Phylogenetic tree constructed from the gyrA gene sequences of strain GZA12., figureFileSmall=qmaejk6ARKwE5Zosk42/uw==, figureFileBig=em4RAtcN70qj0MAHbD+R5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167746429880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图3, caption=菌株GZA12基于管家基因gyrA序列构建的系统发育树, figureFileSmall=qmaejk6ARKwE5Zosk42/uw==, figureFileBig=em4RAtcN70qj0MAHbD+R5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167838704573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Strain GZA12 conducted plate antagonism tests against different pathogens. A: Botryosphaeria dothidea. B: Fusarium oxysporum. C: Fusarium solani., figureFileSmall=PeuyL1teNh8yaV0dDpKOng==, figureFileBig=jhHyJ3eG7fdzyBa0BkiPhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285167993893824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图4, caption=菌株GZA12对不同植物病原真菌的抑菌作用, figureFileSmall=PeuyL1teNh8yaV0dDpKOng==, figureFileBig=jhHyJ3eG7fdzyBa0BkiPhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168098751431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Konjac corm tissue soft rot severity 7 days after inoculation. A1: Sterile water; A2: Soft rot pathogen solution; A3−A5: 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 mixture of soft rot solution and GZA12 solution, respectively., figureFileSmall=hdJ0UH/wqdjOxwv+LSwafg==, figureFileBig=lpyHSMhhcxXBWnCO5qWXWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168199414731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图5, caption=魔芋块接种7 d后魔芋球茎组织发病情况

A1:无菌水;A2:软腐病菌菌悬液;A3−A5:软腐病菌菌悬液: GZA12菌悬液分别为1:1、1:2和1:3

, figureFileSmall=hdJ0UH/wqdjOxwv+LSwafg==, figureFileBig=lpyHSMhhcxXBWnCO5qWXWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168337826769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Biocontrol experiments of strain GZA12 against soft rot of konjac. A and B: Effect of plant infection. C: Effect of leaf infection. D: Effect of stem infection. E: Effect of corm tissue infection. B1: Soft rot pathogen solution; B2: 1:1 mixture of soft rot solution and GZA12 solution., figureFileSmall=97LG/IxNTSOviCNJI5DIcQ==, figureFileBig=Ya2j5kUTj9hsKW0HWN+hHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168442684372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图6, caption=魔芋盆栽拮抗试验, figureFileSmall=97LG/IxNTSOviCNJI5DIcQ==, figureFileBig=Ya2j5kUTj9hsKW0HWN+hHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168534959064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Konjac root irrigation experiment. C1: Clear water; C2: LB liquid culture medium; C3: GZA12 fermentation broth., figureFileSmall=91sfQqajy+gUCA4kSbKcSQ==, figureFileBig=cDF5Q/R0qQ88WIqbhWZGow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285168623039452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图7, caption=魔芋温室防效试验

C1:清水;C2:LB液体培养基;C3:GZA12发酵液

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A:固氮能力检测. B:解无机磷能力检测. C:载铁能力定性检测. D、E:产载铁能力定量测定,对照组(D)和试验组(E). F、G:产IAA能力定性检测,对照组(F)和试验组(G)

, figureFileSmall=sNMDU1V+XUJYhUB3LsF7Eg==, figureFileBig=S2PALM/uO8nNqKv6stVDwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285169155716083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=null, caption=Effect of GZA12 strain on tomato growth promotion. D1: Control group, tomato seedlings treated with clean water; D2 and D3: Tomato seedlings treated with the GZA12 suspensions with 1×107 CFU/mL and 1×108 CFU/mL, respectively., figureFileSmall=W/eb0jneTqcKAU2q0LnvkA==, figureFileBig=1ZSybyD9AEvwRiRxcOPP+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285169252185078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=图10, caption=番茄幼苗促生试验

D1:对照组,用清水处理的番茄幼苗;D2和D3:分别用浓度为1×107 CFU/mL和1×108 CFU/mL的GZA12菌悬液处理番茄幼苗

, figureFileSmall=W/eb0jneTqcKAU2q0LnvkA==, figureFileBig=1ZSybyD9AEvwRiRxcOPP+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285169398985722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Disease index statistics of konjac corm tissue

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
病情指数
Disease index (%)
发病等级
Grade of incidence
A1: Sterile water; A2: Soft rot pathogen solution; A3−A5: 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 mixture of soft rot solution and GZA12 solution, respectively. Data are means±SE; a−d: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
A10.00±0.00d0
A276.67±3.34a4
A350.00±3.33b3
A443.34±3.35bc2
A536.67±3.34c1
), ArticleFig(id=1243285169478677501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

魔芋球茎组织病情指数统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
病情指数
Disease index (%)
发病等级
Grade of incidence
A1: Sterile water; A2: Soft rot pathogen solution; A3−A5: 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 mixture of soft rot solution and GZA12 solution, respectively. Data are means±SE; a−d: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
A10.00±0.00d0
A276.67±3.34a4
A350.00±3.33b3
A443.34±3.35bc2
A536.67±3.34c1
), ArticleFig(id=1243285169575145472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Statistics of disease index in konjac root irrigation experiment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
病情指数
Disease index (%)
防效
Control efficacy (%)
C1: Clear water; C2: LB liquid culture medium; C3: GZA12 fermentation broth. −: No protection effect. Data are means±SE; a, b: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
C122.67±1.76a
C222.66±1.15a
C317.78±0.39b21.57
), ArticleFig(id=1243285169654837252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

魔芋温室防效试验病情指数统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
病情指数
Disease index (%)
防效
Control efficacy (%)
C1: Clear water; C2: LB liquid culture medium; C3: GZA12 fermentation broth. −: No protection effect. Data are means±SE; a, b: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
C122.67±1.76a
C222.66±1.15a
C317.78±0.39b21.57
), ArticleFig(id=1243285169742917640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Statistics of tomato growth promotion results

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生长指标
Growth indicator
D1D2D3
D1: Control group, tomato seedlings treated with clean water; D2 and D3 groups: Tomato seedlings treated with the GZA12 suspensions with 1×107 CFU/mL and 1×108 CFU/mL, respectively. Data are means±SE; a, b: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
株长
Plant length (cm)
8.63±0.09b9.75±0.10a9.86±0.14a
根长
Root length (cm)
12.32±0.40a12.39±0.39a13.34±0.40a
茎粗
Stem thickness (mm)
2.09±0.00b2.10±0.00a2.11±0.00a
), ArticleFig(id=1243285169839386637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093874013864447, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

番茄促生结果统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
生长指标
Growth indicator
D1D2D3
D1: Control group, tomato seedlings treated with clean water; D2 and D3 groups: Tomato seedlings treated with the GZA12 suspensions with 1×107 CFU/mL and 1×108 CFU/mL, respectively. Data are means±SE; a, b: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups at the 0.05 level.
株长
Plant length (cm)
8.63±0.09b9.75±0.10a9.86±0.14a
根长
Root length (cm)
12.32±0.40a12.39±0.39a13.34±0.40a
茎粗
Stem thickness (mm)
2.09±0.00b2.10±0.00a2.11±0.00a
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魔芋软腐病拮抗菌GZA12的分离鉴定及其防病促生作用
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钟宇 1, # , 牛莉莎 1, # , 曾雨洁 1 , 吴涓 1 , 任禛 1 , 唐佐芯 1 , 魏薇 1 , 魏环宇 1 , 曹振亮 1 , 贾博轩 1 , 王小晓 2 , 罗志斌 2 , 王瑞聪 2 , 夏体渊 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(10): 3916-3931
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(10): 3916-3931
魔芋软腐病拮抗菌GZA12的分离鉴定及其防病促生作用
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钟宇1, #, 牛莉莎1, #, 曾雨洁1, 吴涓1, 任禛1, 唐佐芯1, 魏薇1, 魏环宇1, 曹振亮1, 贾博轩1, 王小晓2, 罗志斌2, 王瑞聪2, 夏体渊1, *
作者信息
  • 1 昆明学院 农学与生命科学学院, 云南 昆明 650214
  • 2 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司凤庆分公司, 云南 临沧 675900
An antagonistic bacterial strain GZA12 against soft rot of konjac: isolation, identification, and application in disease prevention and growth promotion
Yu ZHONG1, #, Lisha NIU1, #, Yujie ZENG1, Juan WU1, Zhen REN1, Zuoxin TANG1, Wei WEI1, Huanyu WEI1, Zhenliang CAO1, Boxuan JIA1, Xiaoxiao WANG2, Zhibin LUO2, Ruicong WANG2, Tiyuan XIA1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, Yunnan, China
  • 2 Yunnan Tobacco Company Lincang Fengqing Branch, Lincang 675900, Yunnan, China
出版时间: 2024-05-30 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240235
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【目的】软腐病是影响魔芋产量和品质的重要病害之一。本研究旨在从魔芋根际土壤中筛选出一株对软腐果胶杆菌(Pectobacterium aroidearum)具有拮抗作用的菌株,从而为花魔芋软腐病害的生物防治提供种质资源。【方法】通过平板对峙法筛选出一株拮抗菌,并测定该菌株对多种病原真菌的拮抗效果。通过魔芋球茎组织接种、生防和灌根试验验证GZA12对魔芋软腐病的防治效果。同时对该菌株的促生能力进行室内测定,并通过番茄盆栽试验初步验证该菌株促生效果。【结果】筛选出一株具有拮抗能力的菌株GZA12并鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),该菌株对软腐果胶杆菌的抑菌圈直径达21.33 mm,对葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和茄病镰刀菌(F. solani)的抑菌率分别为58.16%、47.30%和54.53%。在魔芋球茎组织接种试验中,魔芋组织病情指数比单独接种软腐果胶杆菌菌液分别降低了26.67%、33.33%和40.00%;在生防盆栽试验中,与对照组相比,GZA12菌悬液处理组病情指数降低了22.85%,防效达53.31%。在灌根试验中,与清水灌根相比,GZA12发酵液灌根处理后,病情指数降低了4.89%,防效达21.57%。室内促生试验表明菌株GZA12具有固氮、解磷、产铁载体和产吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)的能力,接种GZA12菌悬液能促进番茄幼苗生长,其中高浓度的菌悬液效果更佳。【结论】菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病病原菌有较好的拮抗效果,并具有促生特性,有进一步开发利用的潜力。

魔芋  /  软腐病  /  芽孢杆菌  /  根际促生细菌  /  拮抗  /  促生

[Objective] Soft rot is one of the major diseases affecting the yield and quality of konjac. This study screened a strain with antagonistic effect on Pectinobacterium aroidearum from the rhizosphere soil of konjac, aiming to provide germplasm resources for the biocontrol of soft rot in konjac. [Methods] An antagonistic strain was screened by the plate confrontation method, and its antagonistic effects on pathogenic fungi were measured. The control effect of GZA12 on soft rot in konjac was examined by the inoculation in konjac corm tissue, pot experiment, and root irrigation. The growth-promoting effect of this strain was tested indoors and preliminarily verified by tomato pot experiments. [Results] A strain GZA12 with antagonistic effect was screened out and identified as Bacillus velezensis. This strain showed the inhibition zone diameter of 21.33 mm against P. aroidearum and the inhibition rates of 58.16%, 47.30%, and 54.53% against Botryosphaeria dothidea, Fusarium oxysporum, and F. solani, respectively. Inoculation of GZA12 in konjac corm tissue decreased the disease index by 26.67%, 33.33%, and 40.00%, respectively, compared with the inoculation of B. dothidea alone. In the pot experiment, the treatment with GZA12 suspension decreased the disease index by 22.85% compared with the control group and reached the control effect of 53.31%. The results from the root irrigation experiment showed that compared with water irrigation, irrigation with GZA12 fermentation broth reduced the disease index by 4.89% and reached the control effect of 21.57%. Strain GZA12 had the ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and produce siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Inoculation with GZA12 suspension promoted the growth of tomato seedlings in a concentration-dependent manner. [Conclusion] Strain GZA12 can inhibit the pathogen causing soft rot and promote the growth of konjac, demonstrating the potential for further development and utilization.

Amorphophallus konjac  /  soft rot  /  Bacillus sp.  /  plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria  /  antagonism  /  growth promotion
钟宇, 牛莉莎, 曾雨洁, 吴涓, 任禛, 唐佐芯, 魏薇, 魏环宇, 曹振亮, 贾博轩, 王小晓, 罗志斌, 王瑞聪, 夏体渊. 魔芋软腐病拮抗菌GZA12的分离鉴定及其防病促生作用. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3916 -3931 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240235
Yu ZHONG, Lisha NIU, Yujie ZENG, Juan WU, Zhen REN, Zuoxin TANG, Wei WEI, Huanyu WEI, Zhenliang CAO, Boxuan JIA, Xiaoxiao WANG, Zhibin LUO, Ruicong WANG, Tiyuan XIA. An antagonistic bacterial strain GZA12 against soft rot of konjac: isolation, identification, and application in disease prevention and growth promotion[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3916 -3931 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240235
魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac)是天南星科魔芋属多年生草本植物,能大量合成葡甘聚糖(konjac glucomannan, KGM),其因超强的增稠成膜性被广泛应用于食品、保健品、医药、化妆品及化工等行业,具有广阔的发展前景[1-2]。魔芋广泛种植于我国云南、四川、陕西等地,魔芋产业是我国中西部地区农业产业结构调整、农民脱贫致富的重要支柱产业之一[3]
魔芋软腐病主要是由胡萝卜果胶杆菌胡萝卜软腐亚种(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum)、软腐果胶杆菌(P. aroidearum)等引起的细菌病害[4-6],在魔芋生产中普遍发生,造成了严重的经济损失和生态破坏。因此,软腐病常被称为魔芋的“癌症”,软腐病的高发性也成为限制魔芋产业发展的主要因素[7]。目前魔芋软腐病防治的研究主要集中在抗病品种选育和基因工程、化学药剂防治、生物防治等方面,其中,生物防治因其成本低和安全高效等优点,获得了人们的广泛关注。魔芋软腐病生物防治现阶段研究较多的是生防细菌(如溶杆菌[8-10]、芽孢杆菌[11-13])和生防放线菌(如链霉菌[14-15])对魔芋软腐病的抑制作用,以及植物提取物(如苦楝树叶片)和种子的水提物对胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌胡萝卜亚种抗菌活性作用[16]。由于非生物和生物因素的影响,现有的生物制剂或生物有机肥在实际应用中效果不稳定,在实际生产应用中可供选择的抗软腐病的微生物菌剂种类还是比较单一,对拮抗微生物的筛选工作有待进一步加强[7]。此外,目前的研究主要集中在这些生防菌对魔芋软腐病病原菌的抑制效果上,有关这些菌株的促生作用研究较少,限制了其在实际生产中的广泛应用。贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)广泛存在于植物组织、土壤等自然环境中,是近年来研究比较多的一个新种。崔双等研究表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对P. aroidearum引起的魔芋软腐病具有一定的温室防效,在防治魔芋软腐病方面具有应用潜力[5]。然而,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌在魔芋软腐病防治及其促生效应方面未见系统的研究。
本研究以引起魔芋软腐病病害的主要致病菌软腐果胶杆菌(P. aroidearum)为靶菌,从健康的魔芋植株根际土壤中筛选拮抗菌,通过平板对峙和魔芋离体组织接种试验测定了拮抗菌的抑菌效果,证实了其对软腐果胶杆菌的拮抗作用,并通过盆栽试验研究了拮抗菌对魔芋软腐病的温室防效;同时,检测了拮抗菌的促生特性及其对幼苗生长的影响,研究了拮抗菌的促生潜力,以期为魔芋生产提供优质的生防菌资源。
供试魔芋材料:花魔芋种球,云南景天魔芋农业有限公司。
生防菌株:从魔芋、烟草、番茄等植物根际土壤中分离、纯化和筛选获得。
供试病原菌:软腐果胶杆菌(P. aroidearum)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、茄病镰刀菌(F. solani),由昆明学院农学与生命科学学院植物保护教研室提供。
培养基和试剂:LB固体培养基、LB液体培养基和CAS固体培养基购自青岛高科技工业园海博生物技术有限公司、阿须贝固体培养基(Ashby)参见林标声等[17]的文献配制,无机磷固体培养基参见赵君等[18]的文献配制,Salkowski试剂参见黄臣等[19]方法配制,MKB培养基和CAS检测液参见热孜亚·吐尔逊[20]方法配制。
菌株发酵液的制备:将菌株接种于已灭菌的LB液体培养基中,28 ℃、120 r/min摇床振荡24 h制成菌株发酵液。
菌悬液的制备:将菌株发酵液在离心机中12 000 r/min离心10 min后去除上清,加入无菌水重悬制成菌悬液。
植物根际土样采用稀释涂布平板法[21]分离。取2 g土样加18 g无菌水,28 ℃、120 r/min摇床振荡20 min,在超声仪中超声1 min,静置后取上清液分别稀释成10−2、10−3、10−4 3个梯度,每个梯度各取100 μL均匀涂布于LB固体培养基上,每个处理3次重复,在28 ℃恒温下倒置培养24 h。根据菌落形态、大小、颜色及湿润度的不同挑取单菌落接种于LB培养基中培养纯化,保存于30%甘油中,放置于−80 ℃的恒温冰箱保存备用。
采用平板对峙的方法对分离出的细菌进行拮抗效果的测定,吸取软腐病病原菌菌悬液150 μL,加入到装有150 mL已灭好菌、温度50 ℃的LB琼脂培养基中,摇匀倒入无菌培养皿中,冷却成平板。在平板中接种分离出的细菌,初步筛选出对软腐病菌有拮抗作用的菌株,用于后续研究[21]。对初筛筛选出的菌株,进行软腐病菌的拮抗效果的复筛,并采用十字交叉法测量抑菌圈大小[22]
将目标菌株接种于LB固体培养基中,28 ℃恒温培养24 h,观察菌落的形状、大小、颜色及湿润度等。参考《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》[23]进行革兰氏染色。
将菌株送到深圳华大基因股份有限公司进行测序,引物使用16S-27F (5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3′)和16S-1492R (5′-TACGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′)。测序结果在NCBI中进行BLAST比对,筛选出相似性高的菌株序列,采用MEGA 7.0.26软件构建系统发育树。
将菌株送到深圳华大基因股份有限公司进行测序,引物使用42F (5′-CAGTCAGGAAATGCGTACGTCCTT-3′)和1066R (5′-CAAGGTAATGCTCCAGGCATTGCT-3′)。测序结果在NCBI中进行BLAST比对,筛选出相似性高的菌株序列,采用MEGA 7.0.26软件构建系统发育树。
采用平板对峙法测定目标菌株对病原真菌的抑制作用。将保存的病原真菌接种到PDA平板上进行活化。目标菌株接种于LB固体培养基上活化。将目标菌株和病原真菌同时接种在PDA平板上,平板中心接种病原真菌,菌饼直径为6 mm,距离中心2.5 cm处等距离用无菌牙签点接目标菌株,每平板3个重复。28 ℃培养,根据真菌的生长情况,测定目标菌株对病原菌的抑菌率[24],见公式(1)。
目标菌株拮抗魔芋软腐病病原菌的体外防效试验使用魔芋球茎组织进行[25],取健康花魔芋球茎,切成2 cm×2 cm×1.5 cm (长×宽×高)的魔芋球茎组织,用75%乙醇和次氯酸钠进行表面消毒后,再用无菌水清洗3−4次,在无菌环境下,于组织表面用直径为6 mm无菌打孔器打孔,孔洞用于放置菌液,随后将其放入有无菌滤纸的培养皿中,A1组(无菌水)加入20 µL无菌水,A2组(软腐病菌菌悬液)加入软腐病菌菌悬液20 µL,A3组(软腐病菌菌悬液: 目标菌株菌悬液液=1:1)、A4组(软腐病菌菌悬液: 目标菌株菌悬液=1:2)和A5组(软腐病菌菌悬液: 目标菌株菌悬液=1:3)分别加入病原菌菌悬液与目标菌株菌悬液比例分别为1:1、1:2、1:3的混合液各20 µL;期间用无菌水保持滤纸湿润,放置7 d后观察发病情况并统计病情指数和防效[15],见公式(2)和(3)。
分级标准:0级:无变色;1级:变色严重程度 < 20%;2级:变色严重程度20%−50%;3级:变色严重程度50%−80%;4级:变色严重程度 > 80%。
魔芋种植基质采用灭菌土壤: 有机质土壤: 蛭石=1:2:2。将拇指大小的魔芋种球种植于底径7.6 cm、高9 cm、内口径10 cm的灭菌塑料花盆中,正常水肥管理。待种植的魔芋叶片完全展开后开始试验[26]。选用生长状况大致相同的健康魔芋植株,每盆一株。采用注射器将10 μL的菌悬液接种于魔芋茎的顶端,共设置两个组,B1组(接种软腐病菌菌悬液)、B2组(接种软腐病菌菌悬液和拮抗菌菌悬液1:1混合液),每组10盆。试验期间正常水肥管理,于处理后30 d统计发病情况,计算病情指数及相对防效,见公式(2)和(3)分级标准[27]:0级,全株正常,无发病部位;1级,1/3叶片变黑腐烂,叶柄基部无腐烂下垂;2级,1/3−1/2的叶片变黑腐烂,叶柄基部无腐烂下垂;3级,超过1/2的叶片变黑腐烂,叶柄基部腐烂干枯下垂;4级,茎秆腐烂变黑,茎秆弯折。5级,球茎腐烂变黑,植株倒伏,整株腐烂干枯。
魔芋种植方法同1.5.2。待魔芋叶片抽出时选用生长状况大致相同的健康植株共30盆进行灌根试验。其中C1组(清水) 10盆,C2组(LB液体培养基) 10盆,C3组(GZA12发酵液) 10盆。每7 d灌1次,共灌5次。7 d后采用注射器将10 μL的软腐病菌菌悬液接种于魔芋茎的顶端,试验期间每天观察发病情况并进行正常的水肥管理,1个月后统计发病情况并计算病情指数及相对防效。分级标准、病情指数和防效同1.5.2。
将拮抗菌接种于LB培养基中,28 ℃、120 r/min摇床培养过夜,再以1%的体积分数接种于新的LB培养基中,28 ℃、120 r/min摇床培养,每隔1 h取样检测OD600值,每个处理3次重复,以OD600值为纵坐标,时间为横坐标,绘制生长曲线。
取目标菌株的菌悬液10 μL滴在阿须贝固体培养基平板中央,28 ℃倒置培养5 d,观察菌落是否可以正常生长。
在无机磷固体培养基上用直径(d)为6 mm的打孔器打孔,将目标菌株菌悬液滴在孔洞中,27 ℃培养5–7 d,观察透明圈的形成,并测量菌株测量溶磷圈的直径(D),计算溶磷指数D/d [28]
产铁载体能力的定性测定使用CAS固体培养基,定量测定参考热孜亚·吐尔逊[20]的方法。
产吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)能力定性测定采用Salkowski试剂比色法[29]。定量测定:分别配制出0、10、20、30、40、50 mg/L的IAA标准溶液,在OD530处测定标准溶液的吸光值。以OD530值为纵坐标,以IAA浓度为横坐标,绘制出生长素的标准曲线,并根据标准曲线查看目标菌株的IAA产量。
花魔芋通常用块茎繁殖,难以直接用魔芋种子及幼苗检测菌株发酵液的促生活性[30],因此本研究以番茄为指示作物。将目标菌株在LB固体培养基上过夜培养后,转接至无菌的LB液体培养基中,28 ℃、120 r/min培养48 h,将发酵液在12 000 r/min离心10 min去除上清,用无菌水将菌体分别重悬至1×107 CFU/mL和1×108 CFU/mL。以灭菌土壤作为栽培基质,将灭菌土与有机土按1:1的比例混合,将露白的番茄种子栽种于育苗盘中,于25 ℃温室内培养,待子叶出土后用菌悬液灌根(每7 d 1次,灌2次),每5个1组,每组3个重复。D1组每次20 mL蒸馏水,D2组(1×107 CFU/mL)和D3组(1×108 CFU/mL)每次20 mL菌悬液。20 d后取出番茄幼苗测量并记录其形态指标。
从不同植物根际土壤中采集的土样进行平板划线分离培养、纯化,共获得59株细菌菌株。经初筛和复筛后筛选出1株对魔芋软腐病有明显抑制作用的菌株,抑菌圈直径达(21.33±2.18) mm (图1A),该菌株分离自魔芋根际土壤,编号为GZA12。该菌株在LB平板上呈现乳白色,不透明,表面有褶皱(图1B),经过革兰氏染色后发现为紫红色(图1C),为革兰氏阴性。
对菌株GZA12的16S rRNA基因序列在GenBank中进行BLAST比对发现,16S rRNA基因大小为1 382 bp,与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) FZB42 (NR_075 005.2)序列相似性达99.86%,即表明该菌与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌最为相似,初步判断菌株GZA12为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌。随后使用MEGA 7.0.26软件构建系统发育树(图2)。
对菌株GZA12的gyrA序列在GenBank中进行BLAST比对发现,gyrA基因大小为943 bp,与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) isolate TLi20和(B. velezensis) isolate SXL34序列相似性达100%,即判断菌株GZA12为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌,并使用MEGA 7.0.26软件构建系统发育树(图3)。
将GZA12菌与多种病原菌进行对峙培养(图4),在对峙培养7 d后,GZA12对葡萄座腔菌、尖孢镰刀菌和茄病镰刀菌的生长均有抑制作用,在对峙培养过程中,培养皿中均出现了明显的抑菌带,对葡萄座腔菌抑菌率达58.16%,对尖孢镰刀菌抑菌率达47.30%,对茄病镰刀菌抑菌率达54.53%,说明菌株GZA12对多种植物病原真菌都具有潜在的生防效果。
接种菌株GZA12对魔芋球茎组织软腐病发病状况的影响,接种7 d后观察魔芋球茎组织发病状况(图5表1),结果表明,A1组的魔芋球茎组织无变色,发病程度为0级;A2组魔芋球茎组织表面变色程度超80%,发病等级为4级,病情指数为76.67%;A3组魔芋球茎组织表面变色程度在50%−80%,发病等级为3级,病情指数为50.00%,相比A2组病情指数降低了26.67%,而相对防效达34.79%;A4组魔芋球茎组织表面变色程度 < 20%,发病等级为2级,病情指数为43.34%,相比A2组病情指数降低了33.33%、而相对防效达43.47%;A5组魔芋球茎组织表面变色程度 < 20%,发病等级为1级,病情指数为36.67%,相比A2组病情指数降低了40.00%,而相对防效达52.17%。试验结果表明,菌株GZA12对软腐病有显著的拮抗作用,并且浓度越高防效越好。
生防试验表明菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病具有一定的防治效果(图6),B1组病情指数为65.71%,B2组病情指数为42.86%,相对B1组病情指数降低了22.85%,而防效达53.31%,并且相对B1组的魔芋叶片和茎秆,B2组的叶片不论是发病数量还是叶片发病面积都明显降低,B2组的魔芋茎秆发病程度也显著降低。
灌根试验表明菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病具有一定的防治效果(图7表2),C1组病情指数为22.67%,C2组病情指数为22.66%,C3组病情指数为17.78%。C1和C2组病情指数相差不大,推测LB培养基对该试验结果几乎无影响。C3组相对C1组病情指数降低了4.89%,而防效达21.57%,证明菌株GZA12对魔芋软腐病具有生防效果。
对菌株GZA12生长曲线测定结果表明,1−5 h菌株GZA12生长缓慢;5−8 h进入菌株的对数生长期,活菌数量快速增加;8 h后菌株生长速度逐渐变缓(图8)。
菌株GZA12能在阿须贝固氮培养基上正常生长,说明该菌株具有固氮的能力(图9A)。在无机磷固体培养基上,出现溶磷圈,说明具有解磷能力(图9B),在无机磷培养基上溶磷圈为(11.67±0.33) mm,溶磷指数为(1.95±0.06)。在CAS固体培养基上会产生橙黄色晕圈(图9C),说明菌株GZA12具有产生铁载体的能力,经定量测定(图9D图9E)其A/Ar值为(0.23±0.02)。经IAA定性测定,检测液变为粉红色(图9F图9G),说明菌株GZA12具有产IAA的能力,经IAA定量检测,根据IAA标准曲线计算出其产IAA的浓度达(38.50±0.72) mg/L。
温室条件下,GZA12菌液灌根能够明显促进番茄幼苗的生长(图10表3),与对照组相比,D2组(1×107 CFU/mL GZA12菌悬液处理)株高增加了12.98%,根长增加了0.57%,茎粗增加了0.48%。D3组(1×108 CFU/mL GZA12菌悬液处理)株高增加了14.25%,根长增加了8.28%,茎粗增加了0.96%。上述结果表明该菌株对番茄幼苗具有促生作用。
魔芋根系和根系共生土壤中微生物形成的微生态系统是影响软腐病发生和调控生物防治效果的重要因素[14]。研究表明生活在植物根际的植物根际促生细菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR),如芽孢杆菌,不仅能够促进植物生长,而且可以产生抗菌化合物,抑制植物病原菌的生长,从而降低植物发病率。例如,Hamaoka等[31]分离出的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B. velezensis)对葡萄座腔菌(B. dothidea)、尖孢镰刀菌(F. oxysporum)、茄病镰刀菌(F. solani)的菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用。Dong等[32]分离出的西姆芽孢杆菌(B. siamensis) YB-1631对禾谷镰刀菌(F. pseudograminearum)有明显的拮抗效果,并能促进小麦生长发育。因此,以魔芋根际土壤优良生防菌株为基础的魔芋软腐病生物防治或成为化学杀菌剂的可行替代品,对魔芋生产的可持续发展具有重要意义。
本研究表明,GZA12菌株可以有效减轻魔芋软腐病的发病情况,在魔芋球茎组织试验中,A3组相对A2组防效达34.79%,A4组相对A2组防效达43.47%,A5组相对A2组防效达52.17%。即生防菌液浓度越高,对魔芋软腐病的生防效果越好,这与代雪凤等[15]研究发现菌株F188对软腐病菌的拮抗试验研究结果一致。在魔芋植株生防试验中B2组相对B1组防效达53.31%,接近吴亚鹏等[33]研究的溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)对魔芋软腐病的生防效果。在魔芋灌根试验中,C3组相对C1组病情指数降低了4.89%,而防效达21.57%,低于同样使用灌根法的张丽辉等[34]的研究,也低于王永吉等[35]和崔双等[5]对魔芋软腐病防效的研究,但这些原因都可能与处理方式、灌根和接种的菌液浓度等因素相关,后续应开展进一步的试验。此外,GZA12菌株对植物病原菌具有广谱的拮抗活性,显示出良好的生防潜力,邓晓旭等[36]筛选得到的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B. velezensis) YB-1476对腐皮镰刀菌(F. solani)和尖孢镰刀菌(F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum)具有抑菌效果;谢海鹏等[37]筛选到的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B. velezensis) SD13对青瓜枯萎病(F. oxysporum)、辣椒枯萎病(F. oxysporum)、甜瓜枯萎病、苦瓜枯萎病、豇豆叶斑病(Alternaria alternata)、烟草疫霉病(Phytophthora nicotianae)具有抑菌效果;何亚芳等[38]的研究发现,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JS6-1对多种病原真菌也具有抑菌效果。然而本研究发现GZA12对葡萄座腔菌(B. dothidea)、尖孢镰刀菌(F. oxysporum)和茄病镰刀菌(F. solani)具有抑菌效果,表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌具有对病原真菌广谱的拮抗效果,同时对贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的拮抗谱进行了补充,即GZA12对葡萄座腔菌也具有拮抗效果。然而,其对软腐果胶杆菌引起的魔芋软腐病的大田防治效果还有待进一步的试验验证。
芽孢杆菌作为一类PGPR,能够分泌吲哚乙酸促进植物生长发育[39],或通过解钾、溶磷、载铁功能将土壤中不能被植物直接吸收利用的钾元素、磷元素和铁元素转化为植物可以直接利用的状态,促进植物对土壤矿质元素的吸收[40-41]。其中,PGPR的解钾、溶磷功能能够有效克服化学肥料频繁使用带来的土壤板结、环境污染等问题,以根际促生菌为主要功能成分的微生物肥料获得了人们的广泛关注。Balderas-Ruíz等[42]、Tian等[43]和Mosela等[44]研究表明,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌83、Bv-25和Ag75分别能够促进玉米、黄瓜和大豆的生长,与对照相比,促生效果分别为12.0%、14.4%和26.5%。本研究分析了GZA12菌株的促生特性,并以番茄为指示植物,研究了GZA12菌株对幼苗生长的促进作用,结果表明,GZA12菌株具有固氮、溶磷、产IAA和产铁载体的能力,其溶磷指数为(1.95±0.06),高于朱颖等[45]从红三叶根际分离的菌株的溶磷指数(为1.13−1.62),也优于普凤雅等[46]从薏苡的根、茎、叶中分离筛选出的R5的溶磷指数(为1.89±0.15);IAA的浓度为(38.50±0.72) mg/L,高于王恩启等[47]从番茄根际土壤中筛选获得菌株的产IAA能力(为5.35 μg/mL),也大于周益帆等[48]从选青菜根际土壤中筛选出的IAA合成能力(为30.05 μg/mL);产铁载体A/Ar值为(0.23±0.02),优于杨华等[49]从水稻中分离的C10-19的产铁载体水平,A/Ar值为(0.07±0.03),也高于S11-11的产铁载体水平(0.18±0.06)。同时,GZA12菌株菌悬液能够有效促进番茄幼苗的生长,使用1×107 CFU/mL和1×108 CFU/mL浓度的GZA12菌悬液处理番茄幼苗与对照相比,株长增加了1.12 cm和1.23 cm、根长增加了0.07 cm和1.02 cm、茎粗增加了0.01 mm和0.02 mm。经GZA12菌悬液处理后的番茄幼苗株高、茎粗和根长的增加量低于曹宇等[50]研究发现的HNU24菌液灌根处理后番茄株高(4.06 cm)、茎围(0.47 cm)、根系长度(0.96 cm)的增加量;也低于王琦等[51]研究发现的菌株YN-2A菌悬液灌根处理后番茄株高(5.90 cm),茎粗(0.07 cm)的增加量,但这可能与处理方式、灌根的菌液浓度等因素相关,本研究表明菌株GZA12具有非常优秀的促生特性,后续有待开展进一步试验进行深入研究。
综上所述,GZA12菌株具有拮抗多种植物病原菌的活性,能够有效拮抗魔芋软腐病病原菌生长,减轻魔芋软腐病的发病状况,并且表现出良好的促生特性,具有后续开发应用的潜力。后续将围绕该菌株对魔芋软腐病的田间应用和生防机制开展进一步研究。
本研究从魔芋根际土壤中分离出一株对魔芋软腐病病原菌具有拮抗作用的根际促生细菌GZA12,经鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌。该菌株对魔芋软腐病具有显著防治效果并且具有良好的促生特性和拮抗多种植物病原菌的活性,具备良好的开发应用潜力。本研究为魔芋软腐病防治提供了一种有效的生防菌,为魔芋软腐病生物防治储备了优良的菌种资源。
  • 云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-057)
  • 云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-035)
  • 云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-096)
  • 云南兆岭科技有限公司科研项目(ZL20221110008)
  • 云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划(202405AC350040)
  • 云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2024Y743)
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2024年第64卷第10期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240235
  • 接收时间:2024-04-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-05-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-12
  • 录用日期:2024-05-29
基金
Joint Program on Basic Research for Local Undergraduate Universities in Yunnan Province(202101BA070001-057)
云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-057)
Joint Program on Basic Research for Local Undergraduate Universities in Yunnan Province(202101BA070001-035)
云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-035)
Yunnan Provincial Ten Thousand People Program for Young Top Talents(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-096)
云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-096)
Research Project of Yunnan Zhaoling Technology Co., Ltd.(ZL20221110008)
云南兆岭科技有限公司科研项目(ZL20221110008)
Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department of Science and Technology Talent and Platform Program(202405AC350040)
云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划(202405AC350040)
Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Education Department(2024Y743)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2024Y743)
作者信息
    1 昆明学院 农学与生命科学学院, 云南 昆明 650214
    2 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司凤庆分公司, 云南 临沧 675900

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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