Article(id=1242093867219091603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1711209600000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1719504000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-06-28, onlineDate=1774067854933, onlineDateStr=2026-03-21, pubDate=1719590400000, pubDateStr=2024-06-29, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774067854933, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774067854933, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067854933, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1242093864144666765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='10', pageStart='3571', pageEnd='3997', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774067854200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774067980255, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1242094392937353680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1242093864144666765, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3762, endPage=3779, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1242093867680465051, articleId=1242093867219091603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Mining of crucial enzyme genes in the synthesis of spinosad in Saccharopolyspora spinosa based on transcriptomics, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To mine the key enzyme genes associated with spinosad synthesis and the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in Saccharopolyspora spinosa at different developmental stages by transcriptomics, thus laying the groundwork for the construction of high-yield strains. [Methods] The transcriptomes of S. spinosa during the logarithmic phase (T2-48 h) and the stationary phase (T6-144 h) were compared. The results from qRT-PCR and transcriptome sequencing were mutually validated. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Central carbon metabolism analysis was performed. [Results] The transcriptome sequencing of S. spinosa revealed 2 542 DEGs, including 1 188 genes with significantly up-regulated expression and 1 354 genes with significantly down-regulated expression. GO annotation indicated that the DEGs were primarily involved in carboxylic acid metabolic process, oxoacid metabolic process, organic acid metabolic process, and amino acid metabolic process. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated DEGs were mainly involved in pathways such as glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and arginine biosynthesis. Further analysis identified seven genes related to spinosad biosynthesis. Among them, accB, Pfk, G6PD, and dsdA showed significantly up-regulated expression, while GAPDH, aceE, DLAT involved in the consumption of spinosad precursors, as well as genes in the TCA cycle and arginine biosynthesis, exhibited significantly down-regulated expression. The results of qRT-PCR were consistent with the trends observed in transcriptome sequencing, which revealed 12 upregulated BGCs: BGC2 (43 846 bp), BGC4 (18 330 bp), BGC9 (20 501 bp), BGC18 (62 621 bp), BGC22 (19 626 bp), BGC25 (42 896 bp), BGC26 (40 086 bp), BGC28 (39 392 bp), BGC30 (20 282 bp), BGC31 (53 657 bp), BGC34 (20 787 bp), and BGC35 (40 232 bp). [Conclusion] This study elucidated DEGs in S. spinosa at different developmental stages through transcriptome analysis, and analyzed the biosynthetic pathways and BGCs of spinosad. These findings pave the way for optimizing the spinosad biosynthetic pathways and genetically modifying S. spinosa to enhance the spinosad production in subsequent studies.

, correspAuthors=Chaoyou XUE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*XUE Chaoyou, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiaoyu WANG, Zhaohui CAI, Changsheng QIAO, Chaoyou XUE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1242093871446950170, articleId=1242093867219091603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=基于转录组学分析刺糖多孢菌多杀菌素合成代谢途径关键酶基因挖掘, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】通过对不同时期的刺糖多孢菌进行转录组分析,探究多杀菌素生物合成的相关代谢通路,挖掘代谢途径关键酶基因,探究多杀菌素竞争基因簇,为高产工程菌的构建奠定基础。【方法】选取刺糖多孢菌株对数生长期(T2-48 h)和稳定期(T6-144 h)进行比较转录组分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR (real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, qRT-PCR)与转录组测序进行相互验证。采用基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)对差异表达基因进行功能和代谢通路注释并进行中心碳代谢分析。【结果】刺糖多孢菌通过转录组测序发现有2 542个差异表达基因,其中具有显著上调基因1 188个,显著下调基因1 354个。GO注释表明,差异表达基因主要参与羧酸代谢过程、含氧酸代谢过程、有机酸代谢过程和氨基酸代谢过程。KEGG富集结果表明,差异表达基因主要参与甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢,以及氧化磷酸化和精氨酸生物合成等通路。进一步分析得到7个与多杀菌素生物合成相关的基因,其中accBPfkG6PDdsdA表达量显著上调,而涉及多杀菌素前体消耗的GAPDHaceEDLAT以及TCA循环和精氨酸生物合成途径中的基因表达量都呈现显著性下调趋势。qRT-PCR与转录组测序结果发现双方同时上调的基因有12个,分别为BGC2 (43 846 bp)、BGC4 (18 330 bp)、BGC9 (20 501 bp)、BGC18 (62 621 bp)、BGC22 (19 626 bp)、BGC25 (42 896 bp)、BGC26 (40 086 bp)、BGC28 (39 392 bp)、BGC30 (20 282 bp)、BGC31 (53 657 bp)、BGC34 (20 787 bp)和BGC35 (40 232 bp)。【结论】本研究通过转录组学分析获得了不同时期刺糖多孢菌的差异基因以及多杀菌素生物合成通路,并分析了刺糖多孢菌中多杀菌素的竞争基因簇,为后期开展多杀菌素生物合成途径的优化和对刺糖多孢菌进行遗传改造从而达到提高多杀菌素产量的目的奠定了基础。

, correspAuthors=薛超友, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=hyMntgky0YEfRuOipEYtPQ==, magXml=mHXKXamCis/45FeWJNjjZQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=5jX3g3CkCQmPx5gE768aPQ==, pdfFileSize=1353466, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=1/P1xl4wj1QAmBUXiZDOqA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=XQQyMAqAxdz17+s0kkOn5Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=王晓宇, 蔡朝辉, 乔长晟, 薛超友)}, authors=[Author(id=1243285153380937924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285153481601225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285153380937924, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoyu WANG, firstName=Xiaoyu, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285153590653135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285153380937924, language=CN, stringName=王晓宇, firstName=晓宇, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457
2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285153137668279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153154445497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153158639802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243285153238331584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153246720192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153255108801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308)])]), Author(id=1243285153687122134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285153896837344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285153687122134, language=EN, stringName=Zhaohui CAI, firstName=Zhaohui, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285154043637993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285153687122134, language=CN, stringName=蔡朝辉, firstName=朝辉, middleName=null, lastName=蔡, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285153238331584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153246720192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153255108801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308)])]), Author(id=1243285154156884208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285154278519033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285154156884208, language=EN, stringName=Changsheng QIAO, firstName=Changsheng, middleName=null, lastName=QIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285154421125378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285154156884208, language=CN, stringName=乔长晟, firstName=长晟, middleName=null, lastName=乔, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285153137668279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153154445497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153158639802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457)])]), Author(id=1243285154513400074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xuecy@tib.cas.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243285154630840593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285154513400074, language=EN, stringName=Chaoyou XUE, firstName=Chaoyou, middleName=null, lastName=XUE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, *, address=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243285154769252629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, authorId=1243285154513400074, language=CN, stringName=薛超友, firstName=超友, middleName=null, lastName=薛, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, *, address=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285153238331584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153246720192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153255108801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1243285155033493805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=spinosad), Keyword(id=1243285155255791926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Saccharopolyspora spinosa), Keyword(id=1243285155440341315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=transcriptomics), Keyword(id=1243285155582947657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=metabolic pathways), Keyword(id=1243285155675222353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=qRT-PCR), Keyword(id=1243285155788468570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=多杀菌素), Keyword(id=1243285155914297703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=刺糖多孢菌), Keyword(id=1243285156010766709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=转录组分析), Keyword(id=1243285156144984451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=代谢途径), Keyword(id=1243285156258230668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=实时荧光定量PCR)], refs=[Reference(id=1243285160460923569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1126/science.aat3466, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=361, issue=6405, pageStart=916, pageEnd=919, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DEUTSCH CA, TEWKSBURY JJ, TIGCHELAAR M, BATTISTI DS, MERRILL SC, HUEY RB, NAYLOR RL. Increase in crop losses to insect pests in a warming climate[J]. Science, 2018, 361 (6405):916-919., articleTitle=Increase in crop losses to insect pests in a warming climate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285160586752693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1016/j.jspr.2021.101817, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=92, issue=null, pageStart=101817, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Stored Products Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZAFEIRIADIS S, SAKKA MK, ATHANASSIOU CG. Efficacy of contact insecticides for the control of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)[J]. Journal of Stored Products Research, 2021, 92:101817., articleTitle=Efficacy of contact insecticides for the control of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285160712581817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1976, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=320, pageEnd=324, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=Archives Des Maladies Professionnelles De Medecine Du Travail Et De Securite Sociale, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gervais P. Chemical hazard due to insecticides-determinations of cholinesterases and hygiene of use of organophosphorus compounds[J]. Archives Des Maladies Professionnelles De Medecine Du Travail Et De Securite Sociale, 1976, 37 (3):320-324., articleTitle=Chemical hazard due to insecticides-determinations of cholinesterases and hygiene of use of organophosphorus compounds, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285160792273598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄振. 一种防治水稻害虫的微生物复配杀虫剂及其应用: CN201711431517.6[P]. 2018-04-13., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285160888742598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang Z. Microbial complex insecticide used for controlling insects on rice, comprises Isaria and pymetrozine: CN201711431517.6[P]. 2018-04-13., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285160985211597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1007/s00253-008-1784-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=82, issue=1, pageStart=13, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG KX, XIA LQ, ZHANG YM, DING XZ, ZAHN JA. Recent advances in the biochemistry of spinosyns[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2009, 82 (1):13-23., articleTitle=Recent advances in the biochemistry of spinosyns, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161106846417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1006/pest.2001.2559, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=71, issue=1, pageStart=20, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WATSON GB. Actions of insecticidal spinosyns on γ-aminobutyric acid responses from small-diameter cockroach neurons[J]. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2001, 71 (1):20-28., articleTitle=Actions of insecticidal spinosyns on γ-aminobutyric acid responses from small-diameter cockroach neurons, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161224286936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1021/jf011319l, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2002, volume=50, issue=4, pageStart=790, pageEnd=795, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=THOMPSON DG, HARRIS BJ, LANTEIGNE LJ, BUSCARINI TM, CHARTRAND DT. Fate of spinosad in litter and soils of a mixed conifer stand in the Acadian forest region of New Brunswick[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, 50 (4):790-795., articleTitle=Fate of spinosad in litter and soils of a mixed conifer stand in the Acadian forest region of New Brunswick, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161354310369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1007/s10529-010-0481-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=733, pageEnd=739, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Biotechnology Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN HX, LI J, HE NJ, CHEN JY, ZHOU YM, SHAO L, CHEN DJ. Improvement of spinosad production by overexpression of gtt and gdh controlled by promoter PermE* in Saccharopolyspora spinosa SIPI-A2090[J]. Biotechnology Letters, 2011, 33 (4):733-739., articleTitle=Improvement of spinosad production by overexpression of gtt and gdh controlled by promoter PermE* in Saccharopolyspora spinosa SIPI-A2090, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161480139492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1271/bbb.130169, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=77, issue=8, pageStart=1661, pageEnd=1668, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO FL, XUE CY, WANG ML, WANG XY, LU WY. A comparative metabolomics analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa WT, WH124, and LU104 revealed metabolic mechanisms correlated with increases in spinosad yield[J]. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2013, 77 (8):1661-1668., articleTitle=A comparative metabolomics analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa WT, WH124, and LU104 revealed metabolic mechanisms correlated with increases in spinosad yield, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161597580012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1038/sj.jim.7000180, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=27, issue=6, pageStart=399, pageEnd=402, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MADDURI K, WALDRON C, MATSUSHIMA P, BROUGHTON MC, CRAWFORD K, MERLO DJ, BALTZ RH. Genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns: applications for yield improvement in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2001, 27 (6):399-402., articleTitle=Genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns: applications for yield improvement in Saccharopolyspora spinosa, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161715020529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=78, issue=3, pageStart=385, pageEnd=390, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WALDRON C, MADDURI K, CRAWFORD K, MERLO DJ, TREADWAY P, BROUGHTON MC, BALTZ RH. A cluster of genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns, novel macrolide insect control agents produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2000, 78 (3):385-390., articleTitle=A cluster of genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns, novel macrolide insect control agents produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161840849654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1111/mmi.13595, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=103, issue=5, pageStart=845, pageEnd=859, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=Molecular Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YOU D, WANG MM, YE BC. Acetyl-CoA synthetases of Saccharopolyspora erythrae a are regulated by the nitrogen response regulator GlnR at both transcriptional and post-translational levels[J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2017, 103 (5):845-859., articleTitle=Acetyl-CoA synthetases of Saccharopolyspora erythrae a are regulated by the nitrogen response regulator GlnR at both transcriptional and post-translational levels, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285161970873085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1039/a909079g, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=18, issue=4, pageStart=380, pageEnd=416, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=Natural Product Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=STAUNTON J, WEISSMAN KJ. Polyketide biosynthesis: a millennium review[J]. Natural Product Reports, 2001, 18 (4):380-416., articleTitle=Polyketide biosynthesis: a millennium review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162109285122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04443, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=68, issue=49, pageStart=14660, pageEnd=14669, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU ZD, ZHU ZR, TANG JL, HE HC, WAN QQ, LUO YW, HUANG WT, YU ZQ, HU YB, DING XZ, XIA LQ. RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa revealed the critical function of PEP phosphonomutase in the replenishment pathway[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68 (49):14660-14669., articleTitle=RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa revealed the critical function of PEP phosphonomutase in the replenishment pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162201559814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=29, issue=7, pageStart=914, pageEnd=926, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=生物工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=冯晓洲, 王为善, 任晓慧, 刘新利, 毛相朝, 杨克迁. 多杀菌素生物合成基因簇启动子探测和转录时序[J]. 生物工程学报, 2013, 29 (7):914-926., articleTitle=多杀菌素生物合成基因簇启动子探测和转录时序, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162281251596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=29, issue=7, pageStart=914, pageEnd=926, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FENG XZ, WANG WS, REN XH, LIU XL, MAO N, YANG KQ. Promoter detection and transcriptional analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster[J]. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2013, 29 (7):914-926., articleTitle=Promoter detection and transcriptional analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162373526290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Simon A. FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162516132633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/bty560, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=34, issue=17, pageStart=i884, pageEnd=i890, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioinformatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN SF, ZHOU YQ, CHEN YR, GU J. Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor[J]. Bioinformatics, 2018, 34 (17):i884-i890., articleTitle=Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162637767454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=51, issue=null, pageStart=11.14.1, pageEnd=11.1411.14.19, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DOBIN A, GINGERAS TR. Mapping RNA-seq reads with STAR[J]. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 2015, 51:11.14.1-11.1411.14.19., articleTitle=Mapping RNA-seq reads with STAR, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162771985190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btt656, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=7, pageStart=923, pageEnd=930, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioinformatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIAO Y, SMYTH GK, SHI W. featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features[J]. Bioinformatics, 2014, 30 (7):923-930., articleTitle=featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285162893620011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=15, issue=12, pageStart=550, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=Genome Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOVE MI, HUBER W, ANDERS S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2[J]. Genome Biology, 2014, 15 (12):550., articleTitle=Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163040420663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1038/nprot.2016.095, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=1650, pageEnd=1667, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=Nature Protocols, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PERTEA M, KIM D, PERTEA GM, LEEK JT, SALZBERG SL. Transcript-level expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown[J]. Nature Protocols, 2016, 11:1650-1667., articleTitle=Transcript-level expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163178832700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Raivo K. pheatmap[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://github.com/raivokolde/pheatmap., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163287884611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Winston C. ggplot2[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163388547913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1093/molbev/msab293, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=5825, pageEnd=5829, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=Molecular Biology and Evolution, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CANTALAPIEDRA CP, HERNÁNDEZ-PLAZA A, LETUNIC I, BORK P, HUERTA-CEPAS J. eggNOG-mapper v2: functional annotation, orthology assignments, and domain prediction at the metagenomic scale[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2021, 38 (12):5825-5829., articleTitle=eggNOG-mapper v2: functional annotation, orthology assignments, and domain prediction at the metagenomic scale, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163526959952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1093/nar/gky1085, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=47, issue=D1, pageStart=D309, pageEnd=D314, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=Nucleic Acids Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUERTA-CEPAS J, SZKLARCZYK D, HELLER D, HERNÁNDEZ-PLAZA A, FORSLUND SK, COOK H, MENDE DR, LETUNIC I, RATTEI T, JENSEN LJ, von MERING C, BORK P. eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2019, 47 (D1):D309-D314., articleTitle=eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163640206166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Vince C. AnnotationHub[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/AnnotationHub.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163778618204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1038/75556, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=25, issue=1, pageStart=25, pageEnd=29, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=Nature Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ASHBURNER M, BALL CA, BLAKE JA, BOTSTEIN D, BUTLER H, CHERRY JM, DAVIS AP, DOLINSKI K, DWIGHT SS, EPPIG JT, HARRIS MA, HILL DP, ISSEL-TARVER L, KASARSKIS A, LEWIS S, MATESE JC, RICHARDSON JE, RINGWALD M, RUBIN GM, SHERLOCK G. Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology[J]. Nature Genetics, 2000, 25 (1):25-29., articleTitle=Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285163908641632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=396, issue=null, pageStart=71, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=Methods in Molecular Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AOKI-KINOSHITA KF, KANEHISA M. Gene annotation and pathway mapping in KEGG[J]. Methods in Molecular Biology, 2007, 396:71-91., articleTitle=Gene annotation and pathway mapping in KEGG, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164017693543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=2, issue=3, pageStart=100141, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=Innovation (Cambridge (Mass)), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU TZ, HU EQ, XU SB, CHEN MJ, GUO PF, DAI ZH, FENG TZ, ZHOU L, TANG WL, ZHAN L, FU XC, LIU SS, BO XC, YU GC. clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data[J]. Innovation (Cambridge (Mass)), 2021, 2 (3):100141., articleTitle=clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164143522669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1093/nar/gkab335, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=49, issue=W1, pageStart=W29, pageEnd=W35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=Nucleic Acids Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BLIN K, SHAW S, KLOOSTERMAN AM, CHARLOP-POWERS Z, van WEZEL GP, MEDEMA MH, WEBER T. antiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2021, 49 (W1):W29-W35., articleTitle=antiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164252574577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘朱东. 刺糖多孢菌转录组学研究以及影响多杀菌素合成关键基因的挖掘[D]. 长沙: 湖南师范大学博士学位论文, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164361626485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU ZD. The transcriptomics analysis and mining of key genes affecting spinosad biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[D]. Changsha: Doctoral Dissertation of Hunan Normal University, 2021 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164445512569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=8, issue=5, pageStart=487, pageEnd=499, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=Chemistry & Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WALDRON C, MATSUSHIMA P, ROSTECK PR Jr, BROUGHTON MC, TURNER J, MADDURI K, CRAWFORD KP, MERLO DJ, BALTZ RH. Cloning and analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Chemistry & Biology, 2001, 8 (5):487-499., articleTitle=Cloning and analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164533592958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1958, volume=80, issue=23, pageStart=6465, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of the American Chemical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WAKIL SJ. A malonic acid derivative as an intermediate in fatty acid synthesis[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1958, 80 (23):6465., articleTitle=A malonic acid derivative as an intermediate in fatty acid synthesis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164617479043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=98, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=Microbial Cell Factories, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG XM, XUE CY, ZHAO FL, LI DS, YIN J, ZHANG CB, CAIYIN Q, LU WY. Suitable extracellular oxidoreduction potential inhibit rex regulation and effect central carbon and energy metabolism in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Microbial Cell Factories, 2014, 13:98., articleTitle=Suitable extracellular oxidoreduction potential inhibit rex regulation and effect central carbon and energy metabolism in Saccharopolyspora spinosa, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164726530953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=339, pageEnd=346, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=中国生物化学与分子生物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙明明, 乔亚亚, 李垒垒, 山长亮, 张帅. 二氢硫辛酰转乙酰基酶通过乙酰化磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶促进核酸合成[J]. 中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 2021, 37 (3):339-346., articleTitle=二氢硫辛酰转乙酰基酶通过乙酰化磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶促进核酸合成, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164835582862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=339, pageEnd=346, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN MM, QIAO YY, LI LL, SHAN CL, ZHANG S. Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase promotes nucleic acid synthesis by controlling phosphogluconate dehydrogenase acetylation[J]. Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2021, 37 (3):339-346., articleTitle=Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase promotes nucleic acid synthesis by controlling phosphogluconate dehydrogenase acetylation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285164944634767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=11, issue=6, pageStart=15, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=生物加工过程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋灿辉, 张伟国. 敲除aceE基因对大肠杆菌生长和丙酮酸代谢的影响[J]. 生物加工过程, 2013, 11 (6):15-18., articleTitle=敲除aceE基因对大肠杆菌生长和丙酮酸代谢的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285166899180437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=11, issue=6, pageStart=15, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG CH, ZHANG WG. Effects of aceE gene knockout on growing and pyruvate biosynthesis of E. coli[J]. Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering, 2013, 11 (6):15-18., articleTitle=Effects of aceE gene knockout on growing and pyruvate biosynthesis of E. coli, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167016620953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=伍小颖. 多杀菌素高产菌株育种及培养基优化[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学硕士学位论文, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167129867166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU XY. Breeding of spinosad high-production strain and optimization of fermentation[D]. Changsha: Master's Thesis of Hunan Agricultural University, 2017 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243285167251501990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, doi=10.1016/j.bej.2013.10.004, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=81, issue=null, pageStart=47, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=Biochemical Engineering Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XUE CY, ZHANG XM, YU ZR, ZHAO FL, WANG ML, LU WY. Up-regulated spinosad pathway coupling with the increased concentration of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA contributed to the increase of spinosad in the presence of exogenous fatty acid[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2013, 81:47-53., articleTitle=Up-regulated spinosad pathway coupling with the increased concentration of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA contributed to the increase of spinosad in the presence of exogenous fatty acid, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243285159714337401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=2023YFC3402301, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3402301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285159802417790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=2023YFC3402301, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3402301), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285159924052613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=22HHSWSS00024, language=EN, fundingSource=Haihe River Laboratory Project(22HHSWSS00024), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285160016327309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=22HHSWSS00024, language=CN, fundingSource=海河实验室项目(22HHSWSS00024), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285160146350742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=TSBICIP-CXRC-025, language=EN, fundingSource=Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-CXRC-025), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1243285160247014044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, awardId=TSBICIP-CXRC-025, language=CN, fundingSource=天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-025), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243285153137668279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153154445497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153158639802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153137668279, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457)]), AuthorCompany(id=1243285153238331584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153246720192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243285153255108801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, companyId=1243285153238331584, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243285156639912362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=The growth of Saccharopolyspora spinosa SAS-002 in different periods and the amount of spinosad., figureFileSmall=1sot1BDRMlpQbU1i9yaRJg==, figureFileBig=mmsZq7YOMmSEOIMr++aEsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285156799295927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图1, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002不同时期菌体生长情况以及多杀菌素积聚量, figureFileSmall=1sot1BDRMlpQbU1i9yaRJg==, figureFileBig=mmsZq7YOMmSEOIMr++aEsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285156929319363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=PCA analysis of transcriptome samples at T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h) periods in Saccharopolyspora spinosa-SAS-002., figureFileSmall=kx9t68TrSbmAFkXMRW8/7w==, figureFileBig=dir8XkUQbN6vw3zwowos3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157025788365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图2, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002转录组在T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h)时期样品的PCA分析, figureFileSmall=kx9t68TrSbmAFkXMRW8/7w==, figureFileBig=dir8XkUQbN6vw3zwowos3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157105480148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes at T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h) periods in transcriptome samples of Saccharopolyspora spinosa SAS-002., figureFileSmall=wkIR7nBNGX/z1hsbjftWfw==, figureFileBig=PBxXtQ45nV7MiO6ulsHZhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157231309279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图3, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002转录组在T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h)时期差异表达基因聚类分析, figureFileSmall=wkIR7nBNGX/z1hsbjftWfw==, figureFileBig=PBxXtQ45nV7MiO6ulsHZhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157323583971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Difference analysis volcano plot for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h) periods in transcriptome samples of Saccharopolyspora spinosa SAS-002., figureFileSmall=9in4DuYrKNGKYMxYEyhZqg==, figureFileBig=12BjpNHJDNSs5kjc1Ry49A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157420052969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图4, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002转录组在T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h)时期差异表达基因火山图, figureFileSmall=9in4DuYrKNGKYMxYEyhZqg==, figureFileBig=12BjpNHJDNSs5kjc1Ry49A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157529104882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differential expressed genes at T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h) periods in transcriptome samples of Saccharopolyspora spinosa SAS-002. Y-axis label represents pathway, and X-axis label represents gene ratio (gene ratio=amount of differentially expressed genes enriched in the pathway/amount of all genes in background gene set). Size and color of the bubble represent amount of differentially expressed genes enriched in the pathway and enrichment significance, respectively., figureFileSmall=9rQMA/DQTEjly/KujwF1eg==, figureFileBig=UjzQ50h4xqOq9xKYcEYUSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157621379575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图5, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002转录组在T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h)时期差异表达基因GO富集分析, figureFileSmall=9rQMA/DQTEjly/KujwF1eg==, figureFileBig=UjzQ50h4xqOq9xKYcEYUSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157793346052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of differential expressed genes at T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h) periods in transcriptome samples of Saccharopolyspora spinosa SAS-002. Y-axis label represents pathway, and X-axis label represents gene ratio (gene ratio=amount of differentially expressed genes enriched in the pathway/amount of all genes in background gene set). Size and color of the bubble represent amount of differentially expressed genes enriched in the pathway and enrichment significance, respectively., figureFileSmall=GU70Ztry3zhP9h8G7OoVQg==, figureFileBig=59288NGAn1C4nGRwaz7tmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285157973701131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图6, caption=刺糖多孢菌SAS-002转录组在T6 (144 h) vs. T2 (48 h)时期差异表达基因KEGG富集分析, figureFileSmall=GU70Ztry3zhP9h8G7OoVQg==, figureFileBig=59288NGAn1C4nGRwaz7tmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158103724564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Transcription analysis of 19 genes situated in the spinosyn biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs)., figureFileSmall=Xln0elljvodHZw3YHfA+5w==, figureFileBig=+DZdqtsyY/NkUXqo2zLoOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158233747994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图7, caption=多杀菌素生物合成基因簇中19个基因的转录分析, figureFileSmall=Xln0elljvodHZw3YHfA+5w==, figureFileBig=+DZdqtsyY/NkUXqo2zLoOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158363771425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=To analyze the carbon metabolism pathway of spinosyn biosynthesis center based on transcriptome data. Red region represent glycolysis. Green region represent TCA cycle. Blue region represent pentose phosphate pathway. Orange region represent glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Purple region represent arginine biosynthesis. Yellow region represent fatty acid metabolism. Metabolic steps are represented by arrows. Dashed lines represent multiple metabolic steps. Genes encoding the enzymes of these pathways are labeled in blue. Up-regulation of mRNA expression and down-regulation of mRNA expression based on RNA-seq data are indicated with red upward arrows and green downward arrows, respectively., figureFileSmall=5cgj2Za5No6H4RrTHP17Dw==, figureFileBig=m0JxRut6NRA5LV/ztzqfTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158481211946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图8, caption=基于转录组数据分析多杀菌素生物合成中心碳代谢途径, figureFileSmall=5cgj2Za5No6H4RrTHP17Dw==, figureFileBig=m0JxRut6NRA5LV/ztzqfTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158569292338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Model of 37 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters in the Saccharopolyspora spinosa genome., figureFileSmall=MwDtMw1FI6XDSK9ScObxSg==, figureFileBig=okfr+HrnAZZoNudqpF4Sdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158690927161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图9, caption=刺糖多孢菌基因组中存在的37个次级代谢产物生物合成基因簇模型, figureFileSmall=MwDtMw1FI6XDSK9ScObxSg==, figureFileBig=okfr+HrnAZZoNudqpF4Sdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158846116417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Figure 10, caption=qRT-PCR and RNA-seq mutual confirmation., figureFileSmall=Jxn6gg+PjeRNuVVzUYo8CA==, figureFileBig=FA+bthaYE27gst/eYENlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285158988722763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=图10, caption=qRT-PCR与RNA-seq相互验证, figureFileSmall=Jxn6gg+PjeRNuVVzUYo8CA==, figureFileBig=FA+bthaYE27gst/eYENlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243285159122940500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

qRT-PCR primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genes namePrimers namePrimer sequences (5′→3′)Product (bp)
16S rRNA16S rRNA-FF: GCTCCTCAGCGTCAGTATCGG228
16S rRNA-RR: GTAGGGTGCGAGCGTTGTCC
IAG28_RS00170WX566F: ACAGTGCGTTCGAGCTTT84
WX567R: CAACCAGCTGTACCAGATCTAC
IAG28_RS00395WX393F: CCACGTTGGCCCAGATAAA89
WX394R: CCAGCAAACTGGCATTGATAC
IAG28_RS00620WX425F: GCCTTCATCGCGTAGAACAT149
WX426R: CGTGACCAACTGGTGAAACT
IAG28_RS00960WX303F: GACGACCACACCTTCTTTCTC105
WX304R: CAGAGTGACCATCCGGTTTC
IAG28_RS01350WX307F: GAAGAGAACTTCTTCGTCGCT102
WX308R: TACGTCCACAATCGACACATC
IAG28_RS02195WX562F: TCGGTCCACTCAGGACA134
WX563R: GCGATCTGGTCGAACTTCTT
IAG28_RS02415WX461F: GTGAGCAGGATGCGATACA126
WX462R: CCACCACATGGCGATCAA
IAG28_RS03445WX269F: GTAATGCCCTGGTGGGTAAT115
WX270R: GGACTGGAAGTGGATCAATGT
IAG28_RS03940WX257F: GTAGAGGACCTGTTTGACGAC141
WX258R: TGGTACAACGGAAACACCTAC
IAG28_RS04310WX261F: CTCGGACCGGTTGAATCAC110
WX262R: GCTCCGTTGTCTTCGAACT
IAG28_RS05015WX387F: GGGTGTGTTCATGGACTGG104
WX388R: TCTCCTCGAGCAGTACCC
IAG28_RS17280WX247F: GGGTGTCTCGTCGTCCT97
WX248R: ACGGTGTGCGTGTTCAA
IAG28_RS19485WX558F: GGTCCGAAGTGGACTGATG134
WX559R: ACGAGAACAGGACGAGGA
IAG28_RS21680WX455F: TGGAGCCGTAGAGGTTGTA115
WX456R: TACGACCACAGCACGTTG
IAG28_RS27575WX453F: CGTTTGTCCTGCGTGTAGT110
WX454R: GTCGTGGTGGGCAACAA
IAG28_RS28375WX556F: CTCACCACGGTTCTCATCAA89
WX557R: GTCGCGCGGAAGTACAA
IAG28_RS28930WX431F: GTCCGACTTCGAGTCCTTTAC120
WX432R: ATCACCGTGGCGATGTC
IAG28_RS41855WX522F: GGTGATCCTCTTCGACACCTA83
WX523R: GCTCGAACATCGCTGTCATAA
IAG28_RS29870WX433F: TGGAAACCGTAGATCTCGAATG101
WX434R: GAGATCGGGTTCGTGATGAAT
IAG28_RS30210WX355F: ACGCCTTCAATCCGACAC80
WX356R: CTTCGACATCGGTGGTTACTC
IAG28_RS30460WX309F: CCAGTGTTTGATGCAGTTGATG121
WX310R: CTCCATCGTTGAGAACTTCCTG
IAG28_RS31085WX449F: CGAAGGAAACCACTTCTACCTC111
WX450R: GGCATGTCCGTCCATTCA
IAG28_RS31250WX317F: AGAACCGATGGCATTCTCAC126
WX318R: GTGGTAGCAGAACACAGTCTC
IAG28_RS31565WX429F: GCCATCAGGACCACTTCTTC95
WX430R: GGACAGGTCGATGTCGAAAG
IAG28_RS34085WX213F: GAAGCCGAACTCCTGCAT111
WX214R: GAACTGTGGCGGAACTTCTA
IAG28_RS34730WX574F: GTCACGTGCAAGACCTAGT86
WX575R: ATGCAGGTCGACGATTCC
IAG28_RS35620WX550F: CTACTGGGCCACCAAGAAC89
WX551R: AGATGGTGTTGACGGTGATG
IAG28_RS36170WX333F: GGAAGTTGGTGAGCTGGAAAG96
WX334R: TCCAGTTGCTCCCGGTATT
IAG28_RS36440WX447F: GCCGTGCTCCTTGATGA97
WX448R: GATGTCGCAGTCGTTGGA
IAG28_RS36875WX542F: GTATCCGTCGTTCATCAGGTAG142
WX543R: CAAGAAGTGGCGTTTCAACC
IAG28_RS37920WX389F: CAGTGCGGATTTCGGTGAG81
WX390R: CGACAGTGCTGGTCCTAGA
IAG28_RS38995WX443F: ACCTTCGCGTTGTAGGTAATC141
WX444R: GGTGCTGCCGTTCTACTT
IAG28_RS39220WX467F: AGCTCTACCTGGGCTACAA102
WX468R: GGCGGAACGAGTTCATCTG
IAG28_RS39440WX572F: ATCCGCCGTGACGACTA90
WX573R: CGTGACGTAAGCGGAGAAG
IAG28_RS39740WX241F: TCCCTCGATGACATGGTCTA100
WX242R: CCAGATGCGGTACGGTTT
IAG28_RS39845WX534F: AAGCACATACCGGTGAAGAC113
WX535R: TTGTCCGGCGTTGAGAAG
spnEWX504F: GTACTGCTGGACACCTACATC88
WX505R: AAGTCGCGAGCTTCTCATAC
spnDWX506F: AACGAGAAACCGCCATCA102
WX507R: GATCCACGATCTCTTCCAACA
spnHWX510F: AAGCACGTCGTTGTACTCG103
WX511R: TACCGTCTGGGTAGTGGATT
spnIWX512F: ATCGACGGCCTGCATTATC106
WX513R: CGAATACCAGGTTGTGGTAGAA
), ArticleFig(id=1243285159227798106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究使用的qRT-PCR引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genes namePrimers namePrimer sequences (5′→3′)Product (bp)
16S rRNA16S rRNA-FF: GCTCCTCAGCGTCAGTATCGG228
16S rRNA-RR: GTAGGGTGCGAGCGTTGTCC
IAG28_RS00170WX566F: ACAGTGCGTTCGAGCTTT84
WX567R: CAACCAGCTGTACCAGATCTAC
IAG28_RS00395WX393F: CCACGTTGGCCCAGATAAA89
WX394R: CCAGCAAACTGGCATTGATAC
IAG28_RS00620WX425F: GCCTTCATCGCGTAGAACAT149
WX426R: CGTGACCAACTGGTGAAACT
IAG28_RS00960WX303F: GACGACCACACCTTCTTTCTC105
WX304R: CAGAGTGACCATCCGGTTTC
IAG28_RS01350WX307F: GAAGAGAACTTCTTCGTCGCT102
WX308R: TACGTCCACAATCGACACATC
IAG28_RS02195WX562F: TCGGTCCACTCAGGACA134
WX563R: GCGATCTGGTCGAACTTCTT
IAG28_RS02415WX461F: GTGAGCAGGATGCGATACA126
WX462R: CCACCACATGGCGATCAA
IAG28_RS03445WX269F: GTAATGCCCTGGTGGGTAAT115
WX270R: GGACTGGAAGTGGATCAATGT
IAG28_RS03940WX257F: GTAGAGGACCTGTTTGACGAC141
WX258R: TGGTACAACGGAAACACCTAC
IAG28_RS04310WX261F: CTCGGACCGGTTGAATCAC110
WX262R: GCTCCGTTGTCTTCGAACT
IAG28_RS05015WX387F: GGGTGTGTTCATGGACTGG104
WX388R: TCTCCTCGAGCAGTACCC
IAG28_RS17280WX247F: GGGTGTCTCGTCGTCCT97
WX248R: ACGGTGTGCGTGTTCAA
IAG28_RS19485WX558F: GGTCCGAAGTGGACTGATG134
WX559R: ACGAGAACAGGACGAGGA
IAG28_RS21680WX455F: TGGAGCCGTAGAGGTTGTA115
WX456R: TACGACCACAGCACGTTG
IAG28_RS27575WX453F: CGTTTGTCCTGCGTGTAGT110
WX454R: GTCGTGGTGGGCAACAA
IAG28_RS28375WX556F: CTCACCACGGTTCTCATCAA89
WX557R: GTCGCGCGGAAGTACAA
IAG28_RS28930WX431F: GTCCGACTTCGAGTCCTTTAC120
WX432R: ATCACCGTGGCGATGTC
IAG28_RS41855WX522F: GGTGATCCTCTTCGACACCTA83
WX523R: GCTCGAACATCGCTGTCATAA
IAG28_RS29870WX433F: TGGAAACCGTAGATCTCGAATG101
WX434R: GAGATCGGGTTCGTGATGAAT
IAG28_RS30210WX355F: ACGCCTTCAATCCGACAC80
WX356R: CTTCGACATCGGTGGTTACTC
IAG28_RS30460WX309F: CCAGTGTTTGATGCAGTTGATG121
WX310R: CTCCATCGTTGAGAACTTCCTG
IAG28_RS31085WX449F: CGAAGGAAACCACTTCTACCTC111
WX450R: GGCATGTCCGTCCATTCA
IAG28_RS31250WX317F: AGAACCGATGGCATTCTCAC126
WX318R: GTGGTAGCAGAACACAGTCTC
IAG28_RS31565WX429F: GCCATCAGGACCACTTCTTC95
WX430R: GGACAGGTCGATGTCGAAAG
IAG28_RS34085WX213F: GAAGCCGAACTCCTGCAT111
WX214R: GAACTGTGGCGGAACTTCTA
IAG28_RS34730WX574F: GTCACGTGCAAGACCTAGT86
WX575R: ATGCAGGTCGACGATTCC
IAG28_RS35620WX550F: CTACTGGGCCACCAAGAAC89
WX551R: AGATGGTGTTGACGGTGATG
IAG28_RS36170WX333F: GGAAGTTGGTGAGCTGGAAAG96
WX334R: TCCAGTTGCTCCCGGTATT
IAG28_RS36440WX447F: GCCGTGCTCCTTGATGA97
WX448R: GATGTCGCAGTCGTTGGA
IAG28_RS36875WX542F: GTATCCGTCGTTCATCAGGTAG142
WX543R: CAAGAAGTGGCGTTTCAACC
IAG28_RS37920WX389F: CAGTGCGGATTTCGGTGAG81
WX390R: CGACAGTGCTGGTCCTAGA
IAG28_RS38995WX443F: ACCTTCGCGTTGTAGGTAATC141
WX444R: GGTGCTGCCGTTCTACTT
IAG28_RS39220WX467F: AGCTCTACCTGGGCTACAA102
WX468R: GGCGGAACGAGTTCATCTG
IAG28_RS39440WX572F: ATCCGCCGTGACGACTA90
WX573R: CGTGACGTAAGCGGAGAAG
IAG28_RS39740WX241F: TCCCTCGATGACATGGTCTA100
WX242R: CCAGATGCGGTACGGTTT
IAG28_RS39845WX534F: AAGCACATACCGGTGAAGAC113
WX535R: TTGTCCGGCGTTGAGAAG
spnEWX504F: GTACTGCTGGACACCTACATC88
WX505R: AAGTCGCGAGCTTCTCATAC
spnDWX506F: AACGAGAAACCGCCATCA102
WX507R: GATCCACGATCTCTTCCAACA
spnHWX510F: AAGCACGTCGTTGTACTCG103
WX511R: TACCGTCTGGGTAGTGGATT
spnIWX512F: ATCGACGGCCTGCATTATC106
WX513R: CGAATACCAGGTTGTGGTAGAA
), ArticleFig(id=1243285159357821538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Filtered data and quality statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SamplesRAW reads
(million)
Clean reads
(million)
Total bases
(Gb)
Q20
(%)
Q30
(%)
G+C content (%)Uniquely mapped (%)Multiple mapped (%)Total mapped
(%)
Q20: The percentage of bases with a Phred value > 20; Q30: The percentage of bases with a Phred value > 30.
T2-133.2623.063.596.8392.5967.8288.256.5594.80
T2-237.8926.484.097.0592.9167.7289.846.1195.95
T2-337.6527.004.197.1993.1167.8590.265.5395.79
T6-141.2529.584.497.2293.2367.9288.585.6894.26
T6-238.0127.694.297.1293.0167.6388.166.1794.33
T6-340.7329.204.496.9992.7267.6988.545.6394.17
), ArticleFig(id=1243285159496233575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1242093867219091603, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

数据过滤与质量统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SamplesRAW reads
(million)
Clean reads
(million)
Total bases
(Gb)
Q20
(%)
Q30
(%)
G+C content (%)Uniquely mapped (%)Multiple mapped (%)Total mapped
(%)
Q20: The percentage of bases with a Phred value > 20; Q30: The percentage of bases with a Phred value > 30.
T2-133.2623.063.596.8392.5967.8288.256.5594.80
T2-237.8926.484.097.0592.9167.7289.846.1195.95
T2-337.6527.004.197.1993.1167.8590.265.5395.79
T6-141.2529.584.497.2293.2367.9288.585.6894.26
T6-238.0127.694.297.1293.0167.6388.166.1794.33
T6-340.7329.204.496.9992.7267.6988.545.6394.17
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1192105720683257860, delFlag=0, nameCn=微生物学报, nameEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0001-6209, eissn=null, cn=11-1995/Q, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1762149752067, updatedTime=1762150746905, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, picEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1192109893441171829, language=CN, name=微生物学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746928, updatedTime=1762150746928, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1192109893512474998, language=EN, name=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746944, updatedTime=1762150746944, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1192105938417971205, websiteList=[Website(id=1192106105867223981, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1762149843899, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149888800, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=微生物学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107120863626198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150085893, updateTime=1762150085893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120834266067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150085886, updateTime=1762150085886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120892986329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085900, updateTime=1762150085900, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120825877458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150085884, updateTime=1762150085884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120905569243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085903, updateTime=1762150085903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120846848981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1762150085889, updateTime=1762150085889, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120897180634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085901, updateTime=1762150085901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120842654676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1762150085888, updateTime=1762150085888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120872014807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150085895, updateTime=1762150085895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120880403416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150085897, updateTime=1762150085897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1192106106018218929, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1762149843935, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149925242, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107140455220192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150090564, updateTime=1762150090564, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140434248669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150090559, updateTime=1762150090559, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140476191715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090569, updateTime=1762150090569, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140425860060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150090557, updateTime=1762150090557, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140484580325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090571, updateTime=1762150090571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140451025887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1762150090563, updateTime=1762150090563, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140480386020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090570, updateTime=1762150090570, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140442637278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1762150090561, updateTime=1762150090561, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140463608801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150090566, updateTime=1762150090566, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140467803106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150090567, updateTime=1762150090567, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=微生物学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPhotoEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于转录组学分析刺糖多孢菌多杀菌素合成代谢途径关键酶基因挖掘
收藏切换
PDF下载
王晓宇 1, 2 , 蔡朝辉 2 , 乔长晟 1 , 薛超友 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(10): 3762-3779
收起
收藏切换
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(10): 3762-3779
基于转录组学分析刺糖多孢菌多杀菌素合成代谢途径关键酶基因挖掘
全屏
王晓宇1, 2, 蔡朝辉2, 乔长晟1, 薛超友2, *
作者信息
  • 1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457
  • 2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308
Mining of crucial enzyme genes in the synthesis of spinosad in Saccharopolyspora spinosa based on transcriptomics
Xiaoyu WANG1, 2, Zhaohui CAI2, Changsheng QIAO1, Chaoyou XUE2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
  • 2 Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
出版时间: 2024-06-29 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194
文章导航
收藏切换

【目的】通过对不同时期的刺糖多孢菌进行转录组分析,探究多杀菌素生物合成的相关代谢通路,挖掘代谢途径关键酶基因,探究多杀菌素竞争基因簇,为高产工程菌的构建奠定基础。【方法】选取刺糖多孢菌株对数生长期(T2-48 h)和稳定期(T6-144 h)进行比较转录组分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR (real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, qRT-PCR)与转录组测序进行相互验证。采用基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)对差异表达基因进行功能和代谢通路注释并进行中心碳代谢分析。【结果】刺糖多孢菌通过转录组测序发现有2 542个差异表达基因,其中具有显著上调基因1 188个,显著下调基因1 354个。GO注释表明,差异表达基因主要参与羧酸代谢过程、含氧酸代谢过程、有机酸代谢过程和氨基酸代谢过程。KEGG富集结果表明,差异表达基因主要参与甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢,以及氧化磷酸化和精氨酸生物合成等通路。进一步分析得到7个与多杀菌素生物合成相关的基因,其中accBPfkG6PDdsdA表达量显著上调,而涉及多杀菌素前体消耗的GAPDHaceEDLAT以及TCA循环和精氨酸生物合成途径中的基因表达量都呈现显著性下调趋势。qRT-PCR与转录组测序结果发现双方同时上调的基因有12个,分别为BGC2 (43 846 bp)、BGC4 (18 330 bp)、BGC9 (20 501 bp)、BGC18 (62 621 bp)、BGC22 (19 626 bp)、BGC25 (42 896 bp)、BGC26 (40 086 bp)、BGC28 (39 392 bp)、BGC30 (20 282 bp)、BGC31 (53 657 bp)、BGC34 (20 787 bp)和BGC35 (40 232 bp)。【结论】本研究通过转录组学分析获得了不同时期刺糖多孢菌的差异基因以及多杀菌素生物合成通路,并分析了刺糖多孢菌中多杀菌素的竞争基因簇,为后期开展多杀菌素生物合成途径的优化和对刺糖多孢菌进行遗传改造从而达到提高多杀菌素产量的目的奠定了基础。

多杀菌素  /  刺糖多孢菌  /  转录组分析  /  代谢途径  /  实时荧光定量PCR

[Objective] To mine the key enzyme genes associated with spinosad synthesis and the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in Saccharopolyspora spinosa at different developmental stages by transcriptomics, thus laying the groundwork for the construction of high-yield strains. [Methods] The transcriptomes of S. spinosa during the logarithmic phase (T2-48 h) and the stationary phase (T6-144 h) were compared. The results from qRT-PCR and transcriptome sequencing were mutually validated. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Central carbon metabolism analysis was performed. [Results] The transcriptome sequencing of S. spinosa revealed 2 542 DEGs, including 1 188 genes with significantly up-regulated expression and 1 354 genes with significantly down-regulated expression. GO annotation indicated that the DEGs were primarily involved in carboxylic acid metabolic process, oxoacid metabolic process, organic acid metabolic process, and amino acid metabolic process. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated DEGs were mainly involved in pathways such as glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and arginine biosynthesis. Further analysis identified seven genes related to spinosad biosynthesis. Among them, accB, Pfk, G6PD, and dsdA showed significantly up-regulated expression, while GAPDH, aceE, DLAT involved in the consumption of spinosad precursors, as well as genes in the TCA cycle and arginine biosynthesis, exhibited significantly down-regulated expression. The results of qRT-PCR were consistent with the trends observed in transcriptome sequencing, which revealed 12 upregulated BGCs: BGC2 (43 846 bp), BGC4 (18 330 bp), BGC9 (20 501 bp), BGC18 (62 621 bp), BGC22 (19 626 bp), BGC25 (42 896 bp), BGC26 (40 086 bp), BGC28 (39 392 bp), BGC30 (20 282 bp), BGC31 (53 657 bp), BGC34 (20 787 bp), and BGC35 (40 232 bp). [Conclusion] This study elucidated DEGs in S. spinosa at different developmental stages through transcriptome analysis, and analyzed the biosynthetic pathways and BGCs of spinosad. These findings pave the way for optimizing the spinosad biosynthetic pathways and genetically modifying S. spinosa to enhance the spinosad production in subsequent studies.

spinosad  /  Saccharopolyspora spinosa  /  transcriptomics  /  metabolic pathways  /  qRT-PCR
王晓宇, 蔡朝辉, 乔长晟, 薛超友. 基于转录组学分析刺糖多孢菌多杀菌素合成代谢途径关键酶基因挖掘. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3762 -3779 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194
Xiaoyu WANG, Zhaohui CAI, Changsheng QIAO, Chaoyou XUE. Mining of crucial enzyme genes in the synthesis of spinosad in Saccharopolyspora spinosa based on transcriptomics[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (10) : 3762 -3779 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194
近年来,随着全球变暖加剧,农业病虫害的发生范围不断扩大,危害程度日益加重,造成重大经济损失和粮食安全问题[1-2]。传统化学杀虫剂长期滥用会导致害虫耐药性的增加,污染环境,危及人类健康,阻碍农业的可持续发展[3]。为降低化学农药的使用量,发展绿色防控技术迫在眉睫,微生物杀虫剂因其具有高效、广谱和安全等特点而得到广泛关注[4]。多杀菌素(spinosad)是由刺糖多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora spinosa)经过好氧发酵产生的具有高效杀虫活性的天然大环内酯类次级代谢产物,兼具化学农药的高效性和生物农药的安全性[5],也是唯一可用于粮食存储的生物杀虫剂[6],被认为是最有发展前景的生物农药之一。
目前,关于多杀菌素的研究和开发仍然面临一系列挑战,包括较低的生物合成产量和较长的生长发育周期等关键技术问题,这些问题直接影响了该新型农业杀虫剂的大规模工业化生产和在农业领域的应用[7]。截至目前,虽然科学家们已经对刺糖多孢菌的全基因组进行了测序[8],但有关的转录组学分析却很少,并且多杀菌素的形成与代谢网络之间的联系也仍未揭示[9]
通过转录组能够发现调控代谢网络的关键基因[5],解析包括多杀菌素在内的许多次级代谢产物的生物合成途径[10-11],通过敲除或者阻断与代谢产物生成不相关的基因,达到提高次级代谢产物产量以及缩短培养时间的目的[12-13]。Liu等[14]通过对刺糖多孢菌的转录组学初步分析,发现敲除磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸磷酸变位酶(phosphoenolpyruvate phosphomutase)基因后,多杀菌素的产量提高了2.14倍。因此了解刺糖多孢菌在发酵过程中各个时期与多杀菌素生物合成直接相关的基因转录水平,是对刺糖多孢菌的理性改造的重要前提[15]
本研究旨在揭示刺糖多孢菌生长过程中转录组的差异,采用高通量RNA测序(RNA-seq)技术对刺糖多孢菌的不同生长时期的转录组进行分析,发现了大量差异表达基因,并通过结合基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)富集分析进行了分类,分析了多杀菌素生物合成与中心碳代谢网络之间的联系,并探究了刺糖多孢菌中多杀菌素的竞争性基因簇,为下一步基因工程研究提供方向,对多杀菌素的工业化生产具有重要意义。
菌株S. spinosa SAS-002由本实验室基于野生型刺糖多孢菌菌株诱变获得。
胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤(trypticase soy broth, TSB)培养基:TSB 30 g/L,往液体TSB中加入2%琼脂粉可制成固体TSB培养基,121 ℃灭菌20 min。
发酵培养基(g/L):葡萄糖20.0,酵母抽提物4.0,蛋白胨4.0,KNO3 1.0,FeSO4 0.01,K2HPO4·3H2O 0.5,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5,115 ℃灭菌30 min。
胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤(TSB),青岛高科技工业园海博生物技术有限公司;葡萄糖,北京酷来搏科技有限公司;酵母抽提物、蛋白胨,北京拜尔迪生物技术有限公司;KNO3、FeSO4、K2HPO4·3H2O、MgSO4·7H2O、乙酸铵,上海麦克林生化科技股份有限公司;EASYspin Plus细菌RNA快速提取试剂盒,北京艾德莱生物科技有限公司;DNase Ⅰ (RNase-free),NEB公司;快速逆转录试剂盒Hifair® Ⅲ 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix for qPCR (gDNA digester plus)、Hieff UNICON® Universal Blue qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix试剂,翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司;乙腈、甲醇,Sigam-Aldrich公司。
实时荧光定量PCR仪,上海罗氏制药有限公司;电子精密天平,天津天马衡基仪器有限公司;立式高压灭菌锅,山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司;洁净工作台,力康生物医疗科技控股有限公司;生化培养箱,菲斯福仪器(河北)有限公司;叠加式恒温振荡器,苏州捷美电子有限公司;超微量分光光度计,上海宝予德科学仪器有限公司;凝胶成像分析系统,上海天能科技有限公司;PCR仪,杭州朗基科学仪器有限公司;液相色谱仪,上海伍丰科学仪器有限公司。
取适量孢子接入装有5 mL TSB液体培养基的50 mL摇瓶中,在30 ℃、220 r/min的条件下活化48 h后,按3%的比例转接至装有50 mL合成发酵培养基的250 mL摇瓶中,并在30 ℃、280 r/min的条件下进行培养。每隔12 h取500 μL菌液,采用分光光度法进行菌体生长情况的检测,取样周期为12 d,进行3次生物学重复。检测过程中,使用未接种的发酵培养基作为空白对照。
称取15 mg多杀菌素标准品(上海源叶生物科技有限公司),配制1 mg/mL的多杀菌素母液,用色谱级乙腈进行稀释,得到不同稀释梯度的溶液。为降低操作误差,从低浓度开始分别检测不同标准浓度的多杀菌素标准溶液。每个标准样品重复3次测定,最终取平均值。
将刺糖多孢菌每隔12 h取得的发酵液与乙腈溶液体积比1:2涡旋振荡混匀,超声30 min后,4 ℃避光静置2 h,以15 871×g离心15 min,然后吸取上清,并通过0.22 μm的无菌过滤器过滤,滤液利用高效液相色谱检测系统(上海伍丰科学仪器有限公司)分析多杀菌素产量。反向色谱柱规格:4.6 mm×150 mm×5 μm,流动相组成:45%甲醇、50%乙腈、5% ddH2O和0.65 mmol/L乙酸铵,检测波长:253 nm,流速:1.6 mL/min,柱温:23 ℃,进样体积:25 μL。通过系统自带的分析软件计算得到多杀菌素A、D的响应峰面积之和,进而计算出发酵液中多杀菌素的含量。
使用TSB固体培养基培养刺糖多孢菌SAS-002,置于30 ℃培养7 d。取适量孢子接入装有5 mL TSB液体培养基的50 mL摇瓶中,在30 ℃、220 r/min的条件下活化48 h后,按3%的比例转接至装有40 mL合成发酵培养基的250 mL摇瓶中,并在30 ℃、280 r/min的条件下培养6 d。整个发酵过程进行3次平行实验。之后选取转接发酵后培养至对数生长期(T2-48 h)和稳定期(T6-144 h)的刺糖多孢菌,采用EASYspin Plus细菌RNA快速提取试剂盒(北京艾德莱生物科技有限公司)提取总RNA,再采用NEB酶DNase Ⅰ去除痕量基因组DNA,最后将提取到的总RNA用扩增基因组中IAG28_RS03480基因的引物F (5′-GGACACGTG TTCAAGGATC TC-3′)和R (5′-CCGCAACACCC TCTTTGT-3′)进行基因组污染鉴定。将无基因组污染的RNA送至苏州金唯智生物科技有限公司进行转录组测序。
使用快速逆转录试剂盒Hifair® Ⅲ 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix for qPCR (gDNA digester plus) (翌圣生物科技股份有限公司)对无污染的RNA进行逆转录。逆转录反应体系(20 μL):4×Hifair® Ⅲ SuperMix plus 5 μL,总RNA 1 μg,用无RNase水补足20 μL。逆转录标准程序设置:25 ℃ 5 min,60 ℃ 15 min,85 ℃ 5 min。
测序获得的RNA-seq原始数据,首先通过fastqc[16]进行测序数据质量评估,fastp[17]去除接头序列和低质量reads获得高质量reads (clean reads)。过滤后的reads保存为FASTQ格式进行后续分析,同时,计算可分析数据的Q20、Q30和G+C含量。所有下游分析均基于高质量的可分析数据。使用STAR软件[18]将质控后的原始数据与NCBI中Saccharopolyspora spinosa参考基因组(CP061007)进行比对,获得用于后续分析的mapped data (reads),同时对本次转录组测序的比对结果进行质量评估,reads在参考基因组不同区域分布以及reads在不同染色体分布分析。再使用featureCounts[19]软件统计基因上mapping的reads数。采用每千个碱基的转录每百万映射读取的Transcripts数(transcripts per million, TPM)对基因表达水平进行归一化。使用DESeq2包[20]进行差异表达基因检测,利用read count平均值计算fold change (FC)值,|log2 FC| > 1且Padj≤0.05的基因定义为显著差异表达基因(differentially expression genes, DEGs),以log2FC > 1定义为显著上调基因,log2 FC < −1定义为显著下调基因[21]
在R语言中,使用DESeq2包进行差异基因的PCA分析和作图,使用pheatmap包[22]绘制热图,使用ggplot2包[23]进行火山图的绘制。使用eggNOG-mapper软件[24]和eggNOG数据库[25]对刺糖多孢菌参考基因组的蛋白质序列进行注释,再利用AnnotationHub包[26]构建GO[27]和KEGG[28]注释文件。之后采⽤clusterProfiler包[29]对差异基因集进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析。
利用antiSMASH 6.0软件[30]预测刺糖多孢菌基因组中存在的次级代谢产物生物合成基因簇(secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, BGCs),并针对预测出的每个BGC中的关键基因设计引物,进行实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)验证。此外,为了深入了解不同发酵时间对多杀菌素产量的响应机制,还选择了被注释为多杀菌素的相关基因spnEspnDspnHspnI进行验证,为后续敲除多杀菌素竞争性基因簇从而增加多杀菌素产量奠定基础。引物设计原则:无引物二聚体、具有特异性、扩增产物长度为80−150 bp、最长不超过300 bp、引物长度为17−25 bp,以16S rRNA基因作为内参基因[31]。引物序列见表1,这些引物序列由苏州金唯智生物科技有限公司合成。使用Hieff UNICON® Universal Blue qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix试剂[翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司]进行qRT-PCR的扩增。qRT-PCR反应体系(20 μL):Hieff UNICON® Universal Blue qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix 10 μL,模板DNA 1 ng,正、反向引物(10 μmol/L)各0.4 μL,用无RNase水补足20 μL。qRT-PCR反应条件:95 ℃预变性180 s;95 ℃变性15 s,60 ℃退火并延伸30 s,共40个循环。溶解曲线参数:95 ℃变性10 s,65 ℃退火并延伸60 s,97 ℃变性1 s,37 ℃冷却30 s。利用Microsoft Excel (2019)软件进行分析,采用2−∆∆Ct法分析比较同一目的基因不同时期的相对表达量。内参基因和目的基因都做3个复孔。
以多杀菌素标准品溶液的峰面积(mAU·s)为横坐标,标准多杀菌素样品浓度(mg/L)为纵坐标,得到多杀菌素的线性回归方程:𝑦=0.082 4x (𝑅2=0.999 8)。刺糖多孢菌生长发育过程和多杀菌素累计分析如图1所示。刺糖多孢菌在24−144 h达到对数生长期,144−156 h进入稳定期,156−264 h步入衰退期。刺糖多孢菌次级代谢产物多杀菌素的产量在对数生长期时增加较为明显,168 h时达到最高值,之后趋于稳定。随后选取48 h (T2)和144 h (T6)两个关键时间节点作为后续提取刺糖多孢菌转录组的时间点。
转录组数据质量评估结果汇总如表2所示。在过滤和清除不可信数据后,各组分别产生了3.5、4.0、4.1、4.4、4.2、4.4 Gb数据。Q30比率在92.59%–93.23%之间,Q20的平均百分比为96.83%−97.22%,G+C含量在67.00%左右,与刺糖多孢菌基因组G+C含量相一致,表明获得数据质量较好,均达到后续分析标准。Clean reads比对到参考基因组,样本的单一匹配率均在88.00%以上,并且多匹配率远低于10.00%。
RNA-seq数据的主成分分析(principalcomponent analysis, PCA) (图2)可以很好地区分刺糖多孢菌不同生长发育时期的样品,PCA二维图上,横坐标表示第一主成分PC1,纵坐标表示第二主成分PC2,不同时期样品的位置分散、距离较远,生物学重复则比较聚集,表明重复性良好,组别间差异较大。数据差异性最大和次大2个主成分因子的百分比(即对总体方差的贡献率)分别为62%和32%,PC1和PC2可以解释总体方差(反应样本离散程度)的94%,通过数据的降维处理,丢失了约6%的离散关系信息。
基因表达以TPM计算,为了表征刺糖多孢菌SAS-002不同生长发育时期的mRNA的表达模式,使用TPM值构建了热图,以确定两个时期的总体转录组差异(图3)。结果显示,在转录组中有89.58%的基因表达(TPM > 1)。颜色从浅黄到红,表示基因表达量逐渐升高。
刺糖多孢菌不同时期的差异表达基因火山图如图4所示,图中越靠近X轴两端的基因,基因的翻译效率差异程度越大。使用DESeq2对不同时期的刺糖多孢菌样本进行分析,筛选阈值为|log2 FC|≥1且Padj < 0.05。刺糖多孢菌转录组T6 vs. T2共有2 542个基因的转录水平发生显著变化。1 188个基因的转录水平显著上调(Padj < 0.05),其中932个基因的转录水平极显著上调(Padj < 0.01)。1 354个基因的转录水平显著下调(Padj < 0.05),其中922个基因的转录水平极显著下调(Padj < 0.01)。通过差异火山图,能够清晰地洞察差异基因的分布和表达情况。通过对不同时期样品之间的比较分析,能够有针对性地将上调基因和下调基因进行分类,并高效地识别出表达差异显著的基因。
GO分为分子功能(molecular function, MF)、生物过程(biological process, BP)和细胞组分(cell component, CC) 3个部分。对不同时期刺糖多孢菌转录组的差异基因GO功能富集分析如图5所示,这些差异表达基因参与的生物学功能11个与生物过程相关以及1个与分子功能相关。在生物过程方面,差异表达基因主要富集在羧酸代谢过程(47个)、含氧酸代谢过程(47个)、有机酸代谢过程(47个)、氨基酸代谢过程(35个)、有机酸生物合成过程(31个)、羧酸生物合成过程(31个)、α-氨基酸代谢过程(27个)、氨基酸生物合成过程(26个)、α-氨基酸生物合成过程(22个)、谷氨酰胺生物合成过程(9个)和谷氨酰胺代谢过程(9个)。在分子功能方面,主要富集在氧化还原酶活性(26个)。以上结果表明,这些差异表达基因主要集中在氨基酸代谢过程和生物合成过程有关的代谢通路中。
KEGG功能富集分析能揭示差异基因的生化代谢途径和信号传导途径,可系统预测靶基因参与的代谢通路。KEGG显著富集的结果(Padj < 0.05)如图6所示,横坐标为显著差异表达基因个数,纵坐标表示代谢通路的分类。结果发现,差异转录基因富集的3条代谢通路分别为甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢、氧化磷酸化和精氨酸生物合成,参与这3条通路的注释基因分别为38、25和19个。差异表达基因分布的各种代谢通路主要存在于氨基酸代谢和能量代谢等关键途径中,这些代谢途径可能与多杀菌素的生物合成相关。
基于刺糖多孢菌不同生长时期的转录组数据分析,绘制了多杀菌素生物合成基因簇中19个基因表达量图(图7)。结果表明,共有17个基因上调,2个基因下调。其中,T6 vs. T2表达量最高的基因为spnPspnOspnNspnM,均增加了20倍。
刺糖多孢菌转录组T6 vs. T2,碳代谢通路发生了显著变化(图8)。乙酰辅酶A生成丙二酰辅酶A过程中,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的生物羧基载体蛋白编码基因(accB)转录水平呈现显著上调趋势。糖酵解途径中检测到很多基因的转录水平发生了显著性上调,包括多聚磷酸盐葡萄糖激酶基因(ppgK)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶基因(G6PD)、磷酸果糖激酶基因(pfk)、果糖-二磷酸醛缩酶基因(fbaB)和二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶基因(DLD)。还有多个基因转录水平发生了显著性下调,包括半乳糖变旋酶基因(galm)、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因(GAPDH)、2, 3-二磷酸甘油酸依赖性磷酸甘油酸变位酶基因(PGAM)、烯醇化酶基因(ENO)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸合酶基因基因(pps)、二氢硫辛酰胺S-乙酰转移酶基因(DLAT)和丙酮酸脱氢酶E1组分(aceE)。在TCA循环中,很多基因转录水平呈现出显著下调,其中涉及柠檬酸合酶基因(CS)、二氢硫辛酰琥珀酰转移酶基因(DLST)、琥珀酰辅酶A合成酶α亚基基因(sucD)、琥珀酸脱氢酶基因(sdhA)、延胡索酸酶基因(fumB)和l-苹果酸脱氢酶基因(mdh)。同时,精氨酸生物合成途径中的大部分基因转录水平也都呈现出显著下调趋势。磷酸戊糖途径的起点是葡萄糖-6-磷酸,此途径包含多个上调基因,限速酶G6PD也在其中。甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径中,与丙酮酸直接相关的d-丝氨酸脱水酶基因(dsdA)的表达量也呈显著性上升趋势。在脂肪酸代谢方面,有2个差异基因转录水平显著上调,3个差异基因转录水平显著下调。
antiSMASH软件6.0版本预测刺糖多孢菌基因组中存在的BGCs模型,如图9所示,antiSMASH软件共预测出37个BGCs,基因是按比例绘制并根据已知或预测的功能以颜色编码,同源基因以相同的颜色呈现,其中BGC6为多杀菌素生物合成基因簇。
刺糖多孢菌发酵过程中不是每一个BGC都进行表达,还有一部分处于沉默状态,因此筛选出具有差异表达的BGCs后,可以优先进行敲除,从而阻断多杀菌素竞争性通路,达到提高多杀菌素产量的目的。因此,为除了多杀菌素生物合成基因簇之外的36个BGCs中的核心基因,以及被注释为多杀菌素相关的基因spnEspnDspnHspnI,设计了qRT-PCR引物,以进行qRT-PCR与RNA-seq的相互验证。结果如图10所示,qRT-PCR检测了36个BGCs中关键基因,其中上调基因有17个,下调基因有19个。基于转录组数据,其中上调基因有22个,下调基因有14个。双方同时上调的基因有12个,分别为BGC2 (43 846 bp)、BGC4 (18 330 bp)、BGC9 (20 501 bp)、BGC18 (62 621 bp)、BGC22 (19 626 bp)、BGC25 (42 896 bp)、BGC26 (40 086 bp)、BGC28 (39 392 bp)、BGC30 (20 282 bp)、BGC31 (53 657 bp)、BGC34 (20 787 bp)和BGC35 (40 232 bp)。多杀菌素相关合成基因spnEspnDspnHspnI的qRT-PCR和转录水平都显示上调。
本研究通过对刺糖多孢菌不同时期的转录组进行分析,发现了多个与多杀菌素生物合成有关的重要功能基因的表达特征。研究发现刺糖多孢菌转录组T6 vs. T2共筛选出2 542个差异表达基因的转录水平发生显著变化,其中显著上调(Padj < 0.05)的基因1 188个,极显著上调(Padj < 0.01)的基因932个,显著下调(Padj < 0.05)的基因1 354个,极显著下调(Padj < 0.01)的基因922个。GO富集分析揭示了刺糖多孢菌在不同时期下差异基因参与的生物过程和分子功能。KEGG富集分析显示了与多杀菌素生物合成高度相关的代谢途径。为探究提高多杀菌素产量的方法提供了重要依据。
通过对多杀菌素基因簇中的基因表达量进行分析,发现与多杀菌素生物合成相关基因spnPspnOspnNspnMspnLspnGspnJspnHspnKspnFspnBspnEspnIspnAspnDspnCspnQ的转录水平都呈现出显著性上调,spnRspnS基因的转录水平呈显著性下调。spnAspnBspnCspnDspnE这5个基因负责编码Ⅰ型聚酮合成酶,控制多杀菌素碳骨架的生物合成。spnAspnBspnCspnDspnE这5个基因表达量增加有利于多杀菌素碳骨架的生成,从而有助于多杀菌素的合成[32]。基因spnFspnJ、spnMspnL负责将聚酮合酶生成的产物转化为糖苷配基,在spnG基因的催化作用下,鼠李糖与糖苷配基进行连接,同时,在基因spnKspnIspnH的催化下,C2、C3和C4位上的羟基进行甲基化修饰,产生三甲基鼠李糖。spnFspnJspnMspnL、spnGspnKspnIspnH这8个基因的表达量增加有助于拟糖配基的产生,从而有助于多杀菌素的合成[32]spnOspnNspnQspnRspnS这5个基因能够将葡萄糖脱氢酶催化产生的NDP-4酮-6脱氧葡萄糖转化成NDP-二甲基福乐糖胺,随后,在spnP基因的连接作用下,福乐糖胺和拟糖配基进行连接,最终形成完整的多杀菌素结构。其中,spnOspnNspnQspnP这4个基因表达量的增加,可能有助于多杀菌素的合成,相反,spnRspnS这2个基因表达量的降低,可能导致刺糖多孢菌的副产物增加,从而限制多杀菌素的生物合成,这一发现为刺糖多孢菌菌株的改造提供了重要指导[32]
通过对中心碳代谢途径的差异基因进行分析,发现了调控多杀菌素合成的关键调控基因。例如,丙二酰辅酶A是多杀菌素的重要前体,它可由乙酰辅酶A和丙酮酸合成。自从1958年发现乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ACC)以来[33],所有生物体内丙二酰辅酶A都是通过ACC活性产生。ACC催化是生物化学中典型的限速步骤,它由4个亚基accAaccBaccCaccD构成,通过转录组数据分析发现accB显著性表达,意味着有更多的乙酰辅酶A转化成为丙二酰辅酶A。因此,accB编码基因表达水平的提高可能有助于多杀菌素的合成。然而乙酰辅酶A和丙酮酸的主要来源为糖酵解途径、TCA循环、脂肪酸代谢、磷酸戊糖途径和甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢,因此多杀菌素的生物合成与这几个途径息息相关。
糖酵解途径是葡萄糖分解产生能量,降解成丙酮酸的过程。Pfk是此通路中的显著上调基因,同时也是糖酵解作用的限速酶,此酶表达量增加表明可能有更多的物质流向了丙酮酸[34]GAPDHDLATaceE是糖酵解途径的转录水平显著下调的基因,其中GAPDH基因具有负协同效应,表达量下降会让更多的葡萄糖进入磷酸戊糖途径,从而产生更多的NADPH,有助于抗氧化反应,使得有更多能量流向丙酮酸。据报道,孙明明等[35]研究发现敲除DLAT基因后会阻遏戊糖磷酸途径。宋灿辉等[36]对大肠杆菌中的aceE基因进行敲除后,阻断了丙酮酸流向TCA循环,促进丙酮酸的积累。因此GAPDHDLATaceE基因都为多杀菌素的合成提供了充足的前体。TCA循环和精氨酸生物合成途径中很多基因转录水平呈现出显著性下调趋势,表示发酵后期流向TAC循环的代谢流减少,暗示着可能由糖酵解过程产生的乙酰辅酶A将更多地流向丙二酰辅酶A的合成途径,从而使多杀菌素的产量上升。G6PD是磷酸戊糖途径的限速酶,它的上调暗示着磷酸戊糖途径的活性增加,可能会产生更多的NADPH,有助于增强对多杀菌素生物合成过程的能量供应,对鼠李糖和福乐糖胺的合成也有促进作用。基因dsdA能够对d-丝氨酸催化脱氨基作用,生成丙酮酸盐(或脂)、水和氨水,dsdA基因在甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径中的显著上调可能会促进丙酮酸的合成,进一步增加多杀菌素的产量。伍小颖[37]考察了多种氨基酸添加对多杀菌素产量的影响,其研究结果发现精氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸和丝氨酸的添加对多杀菌素产量有显著的促进作用。在脂肪酸代谢方面,研究表明在外源性脂肪酸存在的情况下,内源性脂肪酸生物合成转录显著降低,促进乙酰辅酶A和丙二酰辅酶A生成,导致多杀菌素生物合成转录上调[38]。因此脂肪酸代谢途径与多杀菌素的生物合成紧密相关。
本研究还通过qRT-PCR与RNA-seq相互验证,分析了刺糖多孢菌中多杀菌素的竞争基因簇,有研究表明通过阻断竞争性基因簇能够促进次级代谢产物的生成[31]。大量竞争基因簇在菌株生长发育过程中消耗ATP、NADPH、碳源和氮源等物质产生次级代谢产物,通过阻断这些次级代谢产物生物合成基因簇能够使更多的物质流向目标产物的生物合成。
综上所述,这些信息为研究多杀菌素在刺糖多孢菌中的生物合成过程提供了重要的参考,通过结合基因组和转录组数据分析有助于挖掘更多相关功能基因,为后续刺糖多孢菌的遗传改造提供了理论依据。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3402301)
  • 海河实验室项目(22HHSWSS00024)
  • 天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-025)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
DEUTSCH CA, TEWKSBURY JJ, TIGCHELAAR M, BATTISTI DS, MERRILL SC, HUEY RB, NAYLOR RL. Increase in crop losses to insect pests in a warming climate[J]. Science, 2018, 361 (6405):916-919.
[2]
ZAFEIRIADIS S, SAKKA MK, ATHANASSIOU CG. Efficacy of contact insecticides for the control of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)[J]. Journal of Stored Products Research, 2021, 92:101817.
[3]
Gervais P. Chemical hazard due to insecticides-determinations of cholinesterases and hygiene of use of organophosphorus compounds[J]. Archives Des Maladies Professionnelles De Medecine Du Travail Et De Securite Sociale, 1976, 37 (3):320-324.
[4]
黄振. 一种防治水稻害虫的微生物复配杀虫剂及其应用: CN201711431517.6[P]. 2018-04-13.
Huang Z. Microbial complex insecticide used for controlling insects on rice, comprises Isaria and pymetrozine: CN201711431517.6[P]. 2018-04-13.
[5]
HUANG KX, XIA LQ, ZHANG YM, DING XZ, ZAHN JA. Recent advances in the biochemistry of spinosyns[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2009, 82 (1):13-23.
[6]
WATSON GB. Actions of insecticidal spinosyns on γ-aminobutyric acid responses from small-diameter cockroach neurons[J]. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2001, 71 (1):20-28.
[7]
THOMPSON DG, HARRIS BJ, LANTEIGNE LJ, BUSCARINI TM, CHARTRAND DT. Fate of spinosad in litter and soils of a mixed conifer stand in the Acadian forest region of New Brunswick[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, 50 (4):790-795.
[8]
PAN HX, LI J, HE NJ, CHEN JY, ZHOU YM, SHAO L, CHEN DJ. Improvement of spinosad production by overexpression of gtt and gdh controlled by promoter PermE* in Saccharopolyspora spinosa SIPI-A2090[J]. Biotechnology Letters, 2011, 33 (4):733-739.
[9]
ZHAO FL, XUE CY, WANG ML, WANG XY, LU WY. A comparative metabolomics analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa WT, WH124, and LU104 revealed metabolic mechanisms correlated with increases in spinosad yield[J]. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2013, 77 (8):1661-1668.
[10]
MADDURI K, WALDRON C, MATSUSHIMA P, BROUGHTON MC, CRAWFORD K, MERLO DJ, BALTZ RH. Genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns: applications for yield improvement in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2001, 27 (6):399-402.
[11]
WALDRON C, MADDURI K, CRAWFORD K, MERLO DJ, TREADWAY P, BROUGHTON MC, BALTZ RH. A cluster of genes for the biosynthesis of spinosyns, novel macrolide insect control agents produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2000, 78 (3):385-390.
[12]
YOU D, WANG MM, YE BC. Acetyl-CoA synthetases of Saccharopolyspora erythrae a are regulated by the nitrogen response regulator GlnR at both transcriptional and post-translational levels[J]. Molecular Microbiology, 2017, 103 (5):845-859.
[13]
STAUNTON J, WEISSMAN KJ. Polyketide biosynthesis: a millennium review[J]. Natural Product Reports, 2001, 18 (4):380-416.
[14]
LIU ZD, ZHU ZR, TANG JL, HE HC, WAN QQ, LUO YW, HUANG WT, YU ZQ, HU YB, DING XZ, XIA LQ. RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis of Saccharopolyspora spinosa revealed the critical function of PEP phosphonomutase in the replenishment pathway[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68 (49):14660-14669.
[15]
冯晓洲, 王为善, 任晓慧, 刘新利, 毛相朝, 杨克迁. 多杀菌素生物合成基因簇启动子探测和转录时序[J]. 生物工程学报, 2013, 29 (7):914-926.
FENG XZ, WANG WS, REN XH, LIU XL, MAO N, YANG KQ. Promoter detection and transcriptional analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster[J]. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2013, 29 (7):914-926.
[16]
Simon A. FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/.
[17]
CHEN SF, ZHOU YQ, CHEN YR, GU J. Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor[J]. Bioinformatics, 2018, 34 (17):i884-i890.
[18]
DOBIN A, GINGERAS TR. Mapping RNA-seq reads with STAR[J]. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 2015, 51:11.14.1-11.1411.14.19.
[19]
LIAO Y, SMYTH GK, SHI W. featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features[J]. Bioinformatics, 2014, 30 (7):923-930.
[20]
LOVE MI, HUBER W, ANDERS S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2[J]. Genome Biology, 2014, 15 (12):550.
[21]
PERTEA M, KIM D, PERTEA GM, LEEK JT, SALZBERG SL. Transcript-level expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown[J]. Nature Protocols, 2016, 11:1650-1667.
[22]
Raivo K. pheatmap[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://github.com/raivokolde/pheatmap.
[23]
Winston C. ggplot2[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/.
[24]
CANTALAPIEDRA CP, HERNÁNDEZ-PLAZA A, LETUNIC I, BORK P, HUERTA-CEPAS J. eggNOG-mapper v2: functional annotation, orthology assignments, and domain prediction at the metagenomic scale[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2021, 38 (12):5825-5829.
[25]
HUERTA-CEPAS J, SZKLARCZYK D, HELLER D, HERNÁNDEZ-PLAZA A, FORSLUND SK, COOK H, MENDE DR, LETUNIC I, RATTEI T, JENSEN LJ, von MERING C, BORK P. eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2019, 47 (D1):D309-D314.
[26]
Vince C. AnnotationHub[EB/OL]. [2023-08-22]. https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/AnnotationHub.html.
[27]
ASHBURNER M, BALL CA, BLAKE JA, BOTSTEIN D, BUTLER H, CHERRY JM, DAVIS AP, DOLINSKI K, DWIGHT SS, EPPIG JT, HARRIS MA, HILL DP, ISSEL-TARVER L, KASARSKIS A, LEWIS S, MATESE JC, RICHARDSON JE, RINGWALD M, RUBIN GM, SHERLOCK G. Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology[J]. Nature Genetics, 2000, 25 (1):25-29.
[28]
AOKI-KINOSHITA KF, KANEHISA M. Gene annotation and pathway mapping in KEGG[J]. Methods in Molecular Biology, 2007, 396:71-91.
[29]
WU TZ, HU EQ, XU SB, CHEN MJ, GUO PF, DAI ZH, FENG TZ, ZHOU L, TANG WL, ZHAN L, FU XC, LIU SS, BO XC, YU GC. clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data[J]. Innovation (Cambridge (Mass)), 2021, 2 (3):100141.
[30]
BLIN K, SHAW S, KLOOSTERMAN AM, CHARLOP-POWERS Z, van WEZEL GP, MEDEMA MH, WEBER T. antiSMASH 6.0: improving cluster detection and comparison capabilities[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2021, 49 (W1):W29-W35.
[31]
刘朱东. 刺糖多孢菌转录组学研究以及影响多杀菌素合成关键基因的挖掘[D]. 长沙: 湖南师范大学博士学位论文, 2021.
LIU ZD. The transcriptomics analysis and mining of key genes affecting spinosad biosynthesis in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[D]. Changsha: Doctoral Dissertation of Hunan Normal University, 2021 (in Chinese).
[32]
WALDRON C, MATSUSHIMA P, ROSTECK PR Jr, BROUGHTON MC, TURNER J, MADDURI K, CRAWFORD KP, MERLO DJ, BALTZ RH. Cloning and analysis of the spinosad biosynthetic gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Chemistry & Biology, 2001, 8 (5):487-499.
[33]
WAKIL SJ. A malonic acid derivative as an intermediate in fatty acid synthesis[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1958, 80 (23):6465.
[34]
ZHANG XM, XUE CY, ZHAO FL, LI DS, YIN J, ZHANG CB, CAIYIN Q, LU WY. Suitable extracellular oxidoreduction potential inhibit rex regulation and effect central carbon and energy metabolism in Saccharopolyspora spinosa[J]. Microbial Cell Factories, 2014, 13:98.
[35]
孙明明, 乔亚亚, 李垒垒, 山长亮, 张帅. 二氢硫辛酰转乙酰基酶通过乙酰化磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶促进核酸合成[J]. 中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 2021, 37 (3):339-346.
SUN MM, QIAO YY, LI LL, SHAN CL, ZHANG S. Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase promotes nucleic acid synthesis by controlling phosphogluconate dehydrogenase acetylation[J]. Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2021, 37 (3):339-346.
[36]
宋灿辉, 张伟国. 敲除aceE基因对大肠杆菌生长和丙酮酸代谢的影响[J]. 生物加工过程, 2013, 11 (6):15-18.
SONG CH, ZHANG WG. Effects of aceE gene knockout on growing and pyruvate biosynthesis of E. coli[J]. Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering, 2013, 11 (6):15-18.
[37]
伍小颖. 多杀菌素高产菌株育种及培养基优化[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学硕士学位论文, 2017.
WU XY. Breeding of spinosad high-production strain and optimization of fermentation[D]. Changsha: Master's Thesis of Hunan Agricultural University, 2017 (in Chinese).
[38]
XUE CY, ZHANG XM, YU ZR, ZHAO FL, WANG ML, LU WY. Up-regulated spinosad pathway coupling with the increased concentration of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA contributed to the increase of spinosad in the presence of exogenous fatty acid[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2013, 81:47-53.
2024年第64卷第10期
PDF下载
134
56
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194
  • 接收时间:2024-03-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-21
  • 出版时间:2024-06-29
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-24
  • 录用日期:2024-06-28
基金
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3402301)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3402301)
Haihe River Laboratory Project(22HHSWSS00024)
海河实验室项目(22HHSWSS00024)
Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-CXRC-025)
天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-025)
作者信息
    1 天津科技大学, 天津 300457
    2 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所, 天津 300308

通讯作者:

参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240194
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏