Article(id=1241783829837447862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1709395200000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1716220800000, acceptedDateStr=2024-05-21, onlineDate=1773993936261, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1716480000000, pubDateStr=2024-05-24, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773993936261, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773993936261, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993936261, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241783822560334490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='9', pageStart='3091', pageEnd='3558', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773993934526, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773994132256, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3393, endPage=3408, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241783832173675210, articleId=1241783829837447862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Biodegradation of wheat straw by symbiotic fungi and bacteria of Odontotermes formosanus, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] This study explored the application potential of symbiotic fungi and bacteria of Odontotermes formosanus in the degradation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw resources, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and supplement strain resources for the industrialization of straw biodegradation. [Methods] The lignocellulose-degrading fungi and bacteria were isolated from O. formosanus and screened by Congo red staining and the agar plate supplemented with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), and the enzyme production of the strains screened out was examined. Liquid fermentation at room temperature was carried out to evaluate the degradation effects of different strains and strain combinations on wheat straw. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray crystal diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of wheat straw before and after degradation. [Results] Five species of fungi and three species of bacteria were isolated from the termite combs, including two species of Penicillium, one species of Purpureocillium, one species of Aspergillus, one species of Eutypella, one species of Bacillus, one species of Escherichia, and one species of Stenotrophomonas. Four efficient degrading strains were screened out and identified as Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus nomiae, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. In the liquid fermentation at room temperature, the combination of the four strains had the strongest comprehensive degradation performance, with the degradation rates of 24.35%, 47.24%, 35.75%, and 32.72% for dry matter, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, respectively, in 12 days. The degradation destroyed the chemical bonds, the intermolecular force, and the composite structure of lignocellulose in wheat straw, and decreased the crystallinity of cellulose from 37.40% to 32.97%. [Conclusion] The combination of P. citrinum, A. nomiae, B. subtilis, and E. coli isolated from the combs of O. formosanus had a good degradation effect on wheat straw, demonstrating the application potential in the industrialization of straw biodegradation.

, correspAuthors=Jianchu MO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*MO Jianchu, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wuhan LI, Yue HUANG, Ting YU, Yi SHEN, Qihuan ZHOU, Xiang CHEN, Jianchu MO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241783845209571346, articleId=1241783829837447862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌对小麦秸秆的生物降解, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】探究黑翅土白蚁(Odontotermes formosanus)菌圃共生菌在木质纤维素降解上的应用潜力,增加秸秆降解菌种资源并为秸秆资源产业化利用提供理论依据。【方法】以刚果红染色法、羧甲基纤维素钠平板分离筛选具有木质纤维素降解活性的黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌并测定共生菌产酶情况。在常温液态发酵条件下,评估不同菌种以及复合菌群对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)秸秆的降解效果,利用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线晶体衍射和冷场扫描电镜分析降解前后小麦秸秆的理化性质。【结果】从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中分离得到具有木质纤维素降解活性的5种真菌和3种细菌,经鉴定为青霉属(Penicillium) 2种,紫霉属(Purpureocillium) 1种,曲霉属(Aspergillus) 1种,弯孢聚壳霉属(Eutypella) 1种,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus) 1种,埃希氏菌属(Escherichia) 1种,寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas) 1种。经酶活测定和单菌降解试验筛选出4种高效降解菌株[桔青霉(Penicillium citrinum)、红绶曲霉(Aspergillus nomiae)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)]组成复合菌群。经常温液态发酵,4种菌组成的复合菌群的综合降解能力最强,在12 d内干物质降解率达到24.35%,纤维素降解率达到47.24%,半纤维素降解率达到35.75%,木质素降解率达到32.72%。降解后小麦秸秆内部化学键和分子间作用力受到破坏,木质纤维素复合结构受到破坏,纤维素结晶度从37.40%降低至32.97%,秸秆表面严重崩解,结构蓬松。【结论】从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中分离得到的桔青霉、红绶曲霉、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌所组成的复合菌群对小麦秸秆有着优良的降解效果,具备秸秆生物降解产业化的潜在开发价值。

, correspAuthors=莫建初, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=yh8JfmK7ZjSa8/flGOHSjQ==, magXml=/1urh9BOAoajSb7jn/QLpw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=LO0I5tZ4Ma2eu4v/swDLiA==, pdfFileSize=1629983, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=q1fQPWJ0qFsFiNto5GEHNw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=PZLm37zo7rEpgPZMcczskA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=李吴晗, 黄越, 余婷, 沈毅, 周琪欢, 陈翔, 莫建初)}, authors=[Author(id=1242902970271121832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902971843985849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902970271121832, language=EN, stringName=Wuhan LI, firstName=Wuhan, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902971936260546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902970271121832, language=CN, stringName=李吴晗, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)])]), Author(id=1242902972083061196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902972225667544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972083061196, language=EN, stringName=Yue HUANG, firstName=Yue, middleName=null, lastName=HUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902972376662506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972083061196, language=CN, stringName=黄越, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 杭州市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 3100203, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969797165448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969822331276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969797165448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969830719885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969797165448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 杭州市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 3100203)])]), Author(id=1242902972531851767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902972607349246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972531851767, language=EN, stringName=Ting YU, firstName=Ting, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902972745761286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972531851767, language=CN, stringName=余婷, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)])]), Author(id=1242902972859007508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902973018391071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972859007508, language=EN, stringName=Yi SHEN, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=SHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902973475570212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902972859007508, language=CN, stringName=沈毅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)])]), Author(id=1242902973622370867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902973718839868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902973622370867, language=EN, stringName=Qihuan ZHOU, firstName=Qihuan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902973840474693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902973622370867, language=CN, stringName=周琪欢, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)])]), Author(id=1242902973928555090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902974268293726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902973928555090, language=EN, stringName=Xiang CHEN, firstName=Xiang, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 Tonglu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 311500, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902974410900073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902973928555090, language=CN, stringName=陈翔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 311500, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902970015269270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902970032046490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902970015269270, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Tonglu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 311500, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902970040435102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902970015269270, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 311500)])]), Author(id=1242902974591255153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mojianchu@zju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1242902974763221628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902974591255153, language=EN, stringName=Jianchu MO, firstName=Jianchu, middleName=null, lastName=MO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1242902976373834373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, authorId=1242902974591255153, language=CN, stringName=莫建初, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1242902976784876186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=biodegradation), Keyword(id=1242902976906511010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Odontotermes formosanus), Keyword(id=1242902977078477478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=symbiotic bacteria and fungi), Keyword(id=1242902977179140782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=lignocellulose), Keyword(id=1242902977288192694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=straw resource utilization), Keyword(id=1242902977732788924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=生物降解), Keyword(id=1242902977992835785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=黑翅土白蚁), Keyword(id=1242902978135442133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=共生菌), Keyword(id=1242902978454209252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=木质纤维素), Keyword(id=1242902978584232689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=秸秆资源利用)], refs=[Reference(id=1242902990353449005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=26, issue=9, pageStart=30, pageEnd=41, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX202109004.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=中国农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张晓庆, 王梓凡, 参木友, 白海花, 塔娜.中国农作物秸秆产量及综合利用现状分析[J]. 中国农业大学学报,2021,26(9):30-41., articleTitle=中国农作物秸秆产量及综合利用现状分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902990512832566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=26, issue=9, pageStart=30, pageEnd=41, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX202109004.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of China Agricultural University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG XQ, WANG ZF, CAN MY, BAI HH, TA N.Analysis of yield and current comprehensive utilization of crop straws in China[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2021,26(9):30-41 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Analysis of yield and current comprehensive utilization of crop straws in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902990672216123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=21, issue=5, pageStart=8, pageEnd=16, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NKDB201905002.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=中国农业科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石祖梁, 王飞, 王久臣, 李想, 孙仁华, 宋成军.我国农作物秸秆资源利用特征、技术模式及发展建议[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2019,21(5):8-16., articleTitle=我国农作物秸秆资源利用特征、技术模式及发展建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902990814822464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=21, issue=5, pageStart=8, pageEnd=16, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NKDB201905002.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI ZL, WANG F, WANG JC, LI X, SUN RH, SONG CJ.Utilization characteristics, technical model and development suggestion on crop straw in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2019,21(5):8-16 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Utilization characteristics, technical model and development suggestion on crop straw in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902990953234504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.3389/fmicb.2017.02623, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=2623, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=Frontiers in Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AUER L, LAZUKA A, SILLAM-DUSSÈS D, MIAMBI E, O'DONOHUE M, HERNANDEZ- RAQUET G.Uncovering the potential of termite gut microbiome for lignocellulose bioconversion in anaerobic batch bioreactors[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8: 2623., articleTitle=Uncovering the potential of termite gut microbiome for lignocellulose bioconversion in anaerobic batch bioreactors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991070675023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106485, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=208, issue=null, pageStart=106485, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=Fuel Processing Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG CG, ZHANG XH, LIU Q, ZHANG Q, CHEN LG, MA LL.A review of conversion of lignocellulose biomass to liquid transport fuels by integrated refining strategies[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2020,208: 106485., articleTitle=A review of conversion of lignocellulose biomass to liquid transport fuels by integrated refining strategies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991175532626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.036, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=202, issue=null, pageStart=256, pageEnd=268, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU M, TIAN XJ.Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2022,202: 256-268., articleTitle=Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991330721881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.036, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=272, issue=null, pageStart=275, pageEnd=280, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SI MY, LIU D, LIU MR, YAN X, GAO CJ, CHAI LY, SHI Y.Complementary effect of combined bacterial- chemical pretreatment to promote enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose biomass[J].Bioresource Technology,2019,272: 275-280., articleTitle=Complementary effect of combined bacterial- chemical pretreatment to promote enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose biomass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991422996574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.003, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=30, issue=6, pageStart=1447, pageEnd=1457, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=Biotechnology Advances, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WAN CX, LI YB.Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Biotechnology Advances,2012,30(6):1447-1457., articleTitle=Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991594963045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1186/1471-2164-13-57, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=57, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=BMC Genomics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=COUTURIER M, NAVARRO D, OLIVÉ C, CHEVRET D, HAON M, FAVEL A, LESAGE-MEESSEN L, HENRISSAT B, COUTINHO PM, BERRIN JG.Post-genomic analyses of fungal lignocellulosic biomass degradation reveal the unexpected potential of the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis[J].BMC Genomics,2012,13(1):57., articleTitle=Post-genomic analyses of fungal lignocellulosic biomass degradation reveal the unexpected potential of the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991745957994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126123, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=343, issue=null, pageStart=126123, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO L, SUN ZF, ZHANG CC, NAN J, REN NQ, LEE DJ, CHEN C.Advances in pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production: challenges and perspectives[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,343: 126123., articleTitle=Advances in pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production: challenges and perspectives, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902991855009905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.procbio.2016.10.004, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=52, issue=null, pageStart=238, pageEnd=242, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=Process Biochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI Y, YAN X, LI Q, WANG X, LIU MR, XIE SX, CHAI LY, YUAN J.Directed bioconversion of kraft lignin to polyhydroxyalkanoate by Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 without any pretreatment[J].Process Biochemistry,2017,52: 238-242., articleTitle=Directed bioconversion of kraft lignin to polyhydroxyalkanoate by Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 without any pretreatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902992043753593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=15, pageStart=148, pageEnd=152, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLGZ202315024.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=中国饲料, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高旭红, 毛磊, 徐立春, 熊丽萍, 梁小军.平菇、香菇和杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆纤维物质降解能力最优菌株的筛选[J]. 中国饲料,2023(15):148-152., articleTitle=平菇、香菇和杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆纤维物质降解能力最优菌株的筛选, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902992119251071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=15, pageStart=148, pageEnd=152, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLGZ202315024.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=China Feed, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO XH, MAO L, XU LC, XIONG LP, LIANG XJ.Screening the best strains of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus eryngii for the degradation of wheat straw fiber[J].China Feed,2023(15):148-152 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Screening the best strains of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus eryngii for the degradation of wheat straw fiber, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902992228302979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127687, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=361, issue=null, pageStart=127687, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN ZJ, MAO YY, LIU SJ, ZHANG HW, XU Y, GENG RP, LU JQ, HUANG SY, YUAN Q, ZHANG SP, DONG Q.Effect of pretreatment with Phanerochaete chrysosporium on physicochemical properties and pyrolysis behaviors of corn stover[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,361: 127687., articleTitle=Effect of pretreatment with Phanerochaete chrysosporium on physicochemical properties and pyrolysis behaviors of corn stover, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902992341549191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.21162/PAKJAS/22.8947, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=59, issue=2, pageStart=357, pageEnd=364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIONG L.Effects of adding different concentrations of Aspergillus niger inoculant on the quality of mixed rice straw silage[J].Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2022,59(2):357-364., articleTitle=Effects of adding different concentrations of Aspergillus niger inoculant on the quality of mixed rice straw silage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902992454795404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1007/s00253-019-10239-w, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=104, issue=2, pageStart=489, pageEnd=508, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OZBAYRAM EG, KLEINSTEUBER S, NIKOLAUSZ M.Biotechnological utilization of animal gut microbiota for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2020,104(2):489-508., articleTitle=Biotechnological utilization of animal gut microbiota for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994015076498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=25, issue=3, pageStart=729, pageEnd=735, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYHS201903033.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=应用与环境生物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王成盼, 梁世优, 殷学杰, 于保庭, 胡寅, 莫建初.蚁巢伞对木质纤维素的降解作用[J]. 应用与环境生物学报,2019,25(3):729-735., articleTitle=蚁巢伞对木质纤维素的降解作用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994124128408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=25, issue=3, pageStart=729, pageEnd=735, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYHS201903033.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG CP, LIANG SY, YIN XJ, YU BT, HU Y, MO JC.Degradation of lignocellulose by Termitomyces[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2019,25(3):729-735 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Degradation of lignocellulose by Termitomyces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994359009438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=1224, pageEnd=1231, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJLX202306008.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=浙江农林大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈毅, 漆梦雯, 羊桂英, 周琪欢, 余婷, 李吴晗, 莫建初.黑翅土白蚁共生真菌对水稻秸秆生物降解研究[J]. 浙江农林大学学报,2023,40(6):1224-1231., articleTitle=黑翅土白蚁共生真菌对水稻秸秆生物降解研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994501615780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=1224, pageEnd=1231, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJLX202306008.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHEN Y, QI MW, YANG GY, ZHOU QH, YU T, LI WH, MO JC.Biodegradation of rice straw by symbiotic fungi of Odontotermes formosanus[J].Journal of Zhejiang A & F University,2023,40(6):1224-1231 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Biodegradation of rice straw by symbiotic fungi of Odontotermes formosanus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994564530345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131384, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=284, issue=null, pageStart=131384, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=Chemosphere, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SIJINAMANOJ V, MUTHUKUMAR T, MUTHURAJA R, RAYAPPAN K, KARMEGAM N, SAMINATHAN K, GOVARTHANAN M, KATHIRESWARI P.Ligninolytic valorization of agricultural residues by Aspergillus nomius and Trichoderma harzianum isolated from gut and comb of Odontotermes obesus (Termitidae)[J].Chemosphere,2021,284: 131384., articleTitle=Ligninolytic valorization of agricultural residues by Aspergillus nomius and Trichoderma harzianum isolated from gut and comb of Odontotermes obesus (Termitidae), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994673582255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=10.1021/jf1008023, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=58, issue=16, pageStart=9043, pageEnd=9053, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SLUITER JB, RUIZ RO, SCARLATA CJ, SLUITER AD, TEMPLETON DW.Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks. 1. review and description of methods[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(16):9043-9053., articleTitle=Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks. 1. review and description of methods, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994828771510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=33, issue=6, pageStart=12, pageEnd=16, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSWT200606003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=微生物学通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张超, 李艳宾, 张磊, 张琴, 魏世清.真菌产纤维素酶培养基中刚果红转移机理研究[J]. 微生物学通报,2006,33(6):12-16., articleTitle=真菌产纤维素酶培养基中刚果红转移机理研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902994942017725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=33, issue=6, pageStart=12, pageEnd=16, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSWT200606003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=Microbiology China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG C, LI YB, ZHANG L, ZHANG Q, WEI SQ.Study on transition mechanism of congo-red in cellulase-producing fungi medium[J].Microbiology China,2006,33(6):12-16 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Study on transition mechanism of congo-red in cellulase-producing fungi medium, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995042681025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=12, issue=3, pageStart=20, pageEnd=24, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XWSK200403003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=纤维素科学与技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高榕, 邓迎达.高生产效率纤维素酶菌株初筛方法的研究[J]. 纤维素科学与技术,2004,12(3):20-24., articleTitle=高生产效率纤维素酶菌株初筛方法的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995139150024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=12, issue=3, pageStart=20, pageEnd=24, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XWSK200403003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO R, DENG YD.A new approach for selection a cellulase producing strain[J].Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology,2004,12(3):20-24 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=A new approach for selection a cellulase producing strain, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995248201935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=239, issue=1, pageStart=243, pageEnd=254, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=Planta, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHANG SS, SALMÉN L, OLSSON AM, CLAIR B.Deposition and organisation of cell wall polymers during maturation of poplar tension wood by FTIR microspectroscopy[J].Planta,2014,239(1):243-254., articleTitle=Deposition and organisation of cell wall polymers during maturation of poplar tension wood by FTIR microspectroscopy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995353059540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=1152966, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=Frontiers in Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU L, CHE SH, QIN XT, XU YF, TIAN SQ, ZHU Y, SONG J, GUAN YP, WANG DC, WU MK, YANG X, WU ZH, YANG MY.Identification, characteristics and rice growth promotion of a highly efficient cellulolytic bacterial strain, Cellulomonas iranensis ZJW-6, isolated from paddy soil in central China[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2023,14: 1152966., articleTitle=Identification, characteristics and rice growth promotion of a highly efficient cellulolytic bacterial strain, Cellulomonas iranensis ZJW-6, isolated from paddy soil in central China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995453722843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=12, pageStart=2442, pageEnd=2453, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JWXT202401006.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=菌物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=庄培文, 张恺, 郑平, 凌铭煌, 张玉苍, 骆祝华.深海真菌Chaetomium sp. CS1的木质素降解特征[J]. 菌物学报,2023,42(12):2442-2453., articleTitle=深海真菌Chaetomium sp. CS1的木质素降解特征, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995613106399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=42, issue=12, pageStart=2442, pageEnd=2453, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JWXT202401006.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=Mycosystema, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHUANG PW, ZHANG K, ZHENG P, LING MH, ZHANG YC, LUO ZH.Lignin-degradation characteristics of deep-sea fungus Chaetomium sp. CS1[J].Mycosystema,2023,42(12):2442-2453 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Lignin-degradation characteristics of deep-sea fungus Chaetomium sp. CS1, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995730546914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=94, issue=6, pageStart=1149, pageEnd=1152, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BENKO EM, CHUHCHIN DG, MALKOV AV, VYDRINA IV, NOVOZHILOV EV, LUNIN VV.Change in the crystallinity of wheat straw during ozone treatment[J].Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A,2020,94(6):1149-1152., articleTitle=Change in the crystallinity of wheat straw during ozone treatment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902995961233638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=57, issue=7/8, pageStart=815, pageEnd=828, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KNEŽEVIĆ A, ĐOKIĆ I, TOSTI T, POPOVIĆ S, MILOJKOVIĆ-OPSENICA D, VUKOJEVIĆ J.White-rot fungal pretreatment of wheat straw: effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate polymers[J].Cellulose Chemistry and Technology,2023,57(7/8):815-828., articleTitle=White-rot fungal pretreatment of wheat straw: effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate polymers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996099645679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=53, issue=6, pageStart=671, pageEnd=680, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDZR202306004.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=河南大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=任强, 焦志强, 葛世纪, 展文豪, 王洋洋.木质纤维素高效降解菌株的筛选及其对小麦秸秆的强化降解[J]. 河南大学学报(自然科学版),2023,53(6):671-680., articleTitle=木质纤维素高效降解菌株的筛选及其对小麦秸秆的强化降解, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996225474800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=53, issue=6, pageStart=671, pageEnd=680, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDZR202306004.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Henan University (Natural Science), refType=null, unstructuredReference=REN Q, JIAO ZQ, GE SJ, ZHAN WH, WANG YY.Isolation of high efficient lignocellulose degrading bacteria and its enhanced degradation of wheat straw[J].Journal of Henan University (Natural Science),2023,53(6):671-680 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Isolation of high efficient lignocellulose degrading bacteria and its enhanced degradation of wheat straw, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996334526709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=271, issue=null, pageStart=66, pageEnd=74, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEI YQ, WU D, WEI D, ZHAO Y, WU JQ, XIE XY, ZHANG RJ, WEI ZM.Improved lignocellulose- degrading performance during straw composting from diverse sources with actinomycetes inoculation by regulating the key enzyme activities[J].Bioresource Technology,2019,271: 66-74., articleTitle=Improved lignocellulose- degrading performance during straw composting from diverse sources with actinomycetes inoculation by regulating the key enzyme activities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996447772917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=169, issue=null, pageStart=143, pageEnd=148, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KOLASA M, AHRING BK, LÜBECK PS, LÜBECK M.Co-cultivation of Trichoderma reesei RutC30 with three black Aspergillus strains facilitates efficient hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw and shows promises for on-site enzyme production[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,169: 143-148., articleTitle=Co-cultivation of Trichoderma reesei RutC30 with three black Aspergillus strains facilitates efficient hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw and shows promises for on-site enzyme production, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996644905213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=124, pageEnd=129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=Enzyme and Microbial Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MUSSATTO SI, FERNANDES M, MILAGRES AMF, ROBERTO IC.Effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from brewer's spent grain[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2008,43(2):124-129., articleTitle=Effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from brewer's spent grain, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242902996745568512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=200, issue=null, pageStart=1008, pageEnd=1018, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KARIMI K, TAHERZADEH MJ.A critical review of analytical methods in pretreatment of lignocelluloses: composition, imaging, and crystallinity[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200: 1008-1018., articleTitle=A critical review of analytical methods in pretreatment of lignocelluloses: composition, imaging, and crystallinity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1242903000159731971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=241, issue=null, pageStart=415, pageEnd=423, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=Bioresource Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU XQ, XU ZQ, SHI S, LIN MM.Lignocellulose degradation patterns, structural changes, and enzyme secretion by Inonotus obliquus on straw biomass under submerged fermentation[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,241: 415-423., articleTitle=Lignocellulose degradation patterns, structural changes, and enzyme secretion by Inonotus obliquus on straw biomass under submerged fermentation, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1242902989644611592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, awardId=32071771, language=EN, fundingSource=General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071771), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902989778829327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, awardId=32071771, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071771), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902989917241367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, awardId=202209SX17, language=EN, fundingSource=Hangzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Cooperation and Innovation Project(202209SX17), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902990076624927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, awardId=202209SX17, language=CN, fundingSource=杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202209SX17), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902969545507192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969558090105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969574867325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969545507192, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242902969797165448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969822331276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969797165448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902969830719885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902969797165448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 杭州市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 3100203)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242902970015269270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902970032046490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902970015269270, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Tonglu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 311500, Zhejiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902970040435102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, companyId=1242902970015269270, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 311500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242902978940748558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Morphologies of colony and transparent zone of eight strains. A: FU1. B: FU2. C: FU3. D: FU4. E: FU5. F: BA1. G: BA2. H: BA3. The image with * shows the results of Congo red staining., figureFileSmall=pztPSuvvm9oc2cJVDl9ISQ==, figureFileBig=7lvmSnPxO1PaKuAQC1rnCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902979062383387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图1, caption=八株菌的菌落形态与透明圈形态A: FU1. B: FU2. C: FU3. D: FU4. E: FU5. F: BA1. G: BA2. H: BA3. *图片为刚果红染色结果., figureFileSmall=pztPSuvvm9oc2cJVDl9ISQ==, figureFileBig=7lvmSnPxO1PaKuAQC1rnCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902979200795430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Cellulase activities of eight strains. The column height in the figure is the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters on the same colored column indicate differences in enzyme activity between different groups (P < 0.05)., figureFileSmall=oSRPtD84xJU8JB6vsJoEFA==, figureFileBig=lIMxeax4nQ2Rqj9Z8fg1cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902980756882222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图2, caption=八株菌的纤维素酶活性

图中柱高度为平均值±标准差,同颜色柱不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活差异(P < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=oSRPtD84xJU8JB6vsJoEFA==, figureFileBig=lIMxeax4nQ2Rqj9Z8fg1cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902980945625909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Lignin peroxidase activities of eight strains. Different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05)., figureFileSmall=M8gjR56r4sWhgpOOgMiRnA==, figureFileBig=zGg0riq+nt6/qBhin0S75Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981067260736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图3, caption=八株菌的木质素过氧化物酶活性

不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活差异(P < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=M8gjR56r4sWhgpOOgMiRnA==, figureFileBig=zGg0riq+nt6/qBhin0S75Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981184701256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Mn-dependent peroxidase activities of eight strains. Different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05)., figureFileSmall=DBoJF2g3BgKhOVqJj9cYMA==, figureFileBig=asdB2qeis5il1AE66lW7cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981348279126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图4, caption=八株菌株的锰过氧化物酶活性

不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活差异(P < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=DBoJF2g3BgKhOVqJj9cYMA==, figureFileBig=asdB2qeis5il1AE66lW7cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981541217117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Laccase activities of eight strains. Different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05)., figureFileSmall=krJkPuj4/8HJgB7D+NV4og==, figureFileBig=ryh0F88jGCBGEYyOP/YenQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981696406372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图5, caption=八株菌的漆酶活性

不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活差异(P < 0.05)

, figureFileSmall=krJkPuj4/8HJgB7D+NV4og==, figureFileBig=ryh0F88jGCBGEYyOP/YenQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981855789931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=FTIR spectra of wheat straw before and after composite strains combined degradation., figureFileSmall=X+AVsGH15YYMiJF0wSDUfQ==, figureFileBig=Ongv27NFEelsawYcqXkDTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981994201971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图6, caption=复合菌群组合降解前后小麦秸秆傅里叶红外光谱, figureFileSmall=X+AVsGH15YYMiJF0wSDUfQ==, figureFileBig=Ongv27NFEelsawYcqXkDTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902982132614010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=XRD patterns of wheat straw before and after composite strains combined degradation., figureFileSmall=RYmUyAf8VLbkzXmJ78zlfA==, figureFileBig=o4S2iFGhayBRUZgwmq/IcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902982346523524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图7, caption=复合菌群组合降解前后小麦秸秆X射线衍射图谱, figureFileSmall=RYmUyAf8VLbkzXmJ78zlfA==, figureFileBig=o4S2iFGhayBRUZgwmq/IcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902982463964041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=SEM images of wheat straw before and after composite strains combined degradation. A: 1 000× magnification of wheat straw before degradation. B: 1 000× magnification of wheat straw after degradation. C: 20 000× magnification of wheat straw before degradation. D: 20 000× magnification of wheat straw after degradation., figureFileSmall=hZ5pUIhZBuqBjWfw82tUFQ==, figureFileBig=WNv2o3+/JvVCn0t0kmHOhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902982593987477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=图8, caption=复合菌群组合降解前后小麦秸秆扫描电镜图像

A:降解前小麦秸秆1 000倍放大. B:降解后小麦秸秆1 000倍放大. C:降解前小麦秸秆20 000倍放大. D:降解后小麦秸秆20 000倍放大

, figureFileSmall=hZ5pUIhZBuqBjWfw82tUFQ==, figureFileBig=WNv2o3+/JvVCn0t0kmHOhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902982698845082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Dc values of eight strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberDc values
FU11.62±0.05
FU21.36±0.01
FU31.28±0.01
FU41.01±0.01
FU51.03±0.01
BA11.44±0.01
BA22.50±0.06
BA31.13±0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982833062820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

八株菌的Dc

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberDc values
FU11.62±0.05
FU21.36±0.01
FU31.28±0.01
FU41.01±0.01
FU51.03±0.01
BA11.44±0.01
BA22.50±0.06
BA31.13±0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982992446379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Identification results of eight strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberGenBank accession numberSimilar species (GenBank accession number)Similarity (%)
FU1PP140834Penicillium sp. (MK246010)99.10
FU2PP126516桔青霉Penicillium citrinum (MN788102)100.00
FU3PP140833Purpureocillium sp. (OR225858)99.50
FU4PP140832红绶曲霉Aspergillus nomiae (MH279419)100.00
FU5PP140835Eutypella sp. (KT868952)98.57
BA1PP140842枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis (KY766067)99.74
BA2PP140843大肠杆菌Escherichia coli (CP027449)99.93
BA3PP140844Stenotrophomonas sp. (CP051467)99.47
), ArticleFig(id=1242902983143441330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

八株菌鉴定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberGenBank accession numberSimilar species (GenBank accession number)Similarity (%)
FU1PP140834Penicillium sp. (MK246010)99.10
FU2PP126516桔青霉Penicillium citrinum (MN788102)100.00
FU3PP140833Purpureocillium sp. (OR225858)99.50
FU4PP140832红绶曲霉Aspergillus nomiae (MH279419)100.00
FU5PP140835Eutypella sp. (KT868952)98.57
BA1PP140842枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis (KY766067)99.74
BA2PP140843大肠杆菌Escherichia coli (CP027449)99.93
BA3PP140844Stenotrophomonas sp. (CP051467)99.47
), ArticleFig(id=1242902983332185019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Cellulase activities of eight strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameEndo-1, 4-β-glucanases activity (U/L)Exo-1, 4-β-glucanases activity (U/L)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活性差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.30.33±0.24d5.45±0.05d
FU2Penicillium citrinum52.37±0.17a5.53±0.05d
FU3Purpureocillium sp.9.93±0.12e5.35±0.00e
FU4Aspergillus nomiae31.89±0.00c5.96±0.05c
FU5Eutypella sp.47.76±0.46b5.27±0.08e
BA1Bacillus subtilis4.95±0.00g8.29±0.08b
BA2Escherichia coli8.10±0.12f10.09±0.09a
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.4.71±0.08g5.16±0.05f
), ArticleFig(id=1242902983466402755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

八株菌的纤维素酶活性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameEndo-1, 4-β-glucanases activity (U/L)Exo-1, 4-β-glucanases activity (U/L)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活性差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.30.33±0.24d5.45±0.05d
FU2Penicillium citrinum52.37±0.17a5.53±0.05d
FU3Purpureocillium sp.9.93±0.12e5.35±0.00e
FU4Aspergillus nomiae31.89±0.00c5.96±0.05c
FU5Eutypella sp.47.76±0.46b5.27±0.08e
BA1Bacillus subtilis4.95±0.00g8.29±0.08b
BA2Escherichia coli8.10±0.12f10.09±0.09a
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.4.71±0.08g5.16±0.05f
), ArticleFig(id=1242902983621592012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Lignin correlated enzyme activities of eight strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameLignin peroxidase activity (U/L)Manganese peroxidase activity (U/L)Laccase activity (U/L)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活性差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.1.50±0.25a0.83±0.00ef52.47±5.35d
FU2Penicillium citrinum1.58±0.14a0.55±0.24f37.04±8.12d
FU3Purpureocillium sp.0.75±0.25b1.10±0.24de86.43±5.35d
FU4Aspergillus nomiae1.33±0.14a2.89±0.00b27.78±0.00d
FU5Eutypella sp.0.92±0.14b3.30±0.00a125 380.40±24.35a
BA1Bacillus subtilis0.08±0.14c1.38±0.24d108 419.14±13.66b
BA2Escherichia coli1.42±0.29a1.10±0.24de9.26±0.00d
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.1.42±0.29a2.07±0.41c7 232.06±16.04c
), ArticleFig(id=1242902985177678804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

八株菌的木质素相关酶活性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameLignin peroxidase activity (U/L)Manganese peroxidase activity (U/L)Laccase activity (U/L)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的酶活性差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters on the column indicate differences in enzyme activity (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.1.50±0.25a0.83±0.00ef52.47±5.35d
FU2Penicillium citrinum1.58±0.14a0.55±0.24f37.04±8.12d
FU3Purpureocillium sp.0.75±0.25b1.10±0.24de86.43±5.35d
FU4Aspergillus nomiae1.33±0.14a2.89±0.00b27.78±0.00d
FU5Eutypella sp.0.92±0.14b3.30±0.00a125 380.40±24.35a
BA1Bacillus subtilis0.08±0.14c1.38±0.24d108 419.14±13.66b
BA2Escherichia coli1.42±0.29a1.10±0.24de9.26±0.00d
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.1.42±0.29a2.07±0.41c7 232.06±16.04c
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987161584604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Single strain degradation rate of dry matter and lignocellulose components in wheat straw

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.17.15±0.70b43.12±1.79bc15.16±2.07d9.46±2.29e
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91b44.16±1.74ab8.33±2.51e22.09±0.63b
FU3Purpureocillium sp.17.06±2.03b44.27±1.60ab5.48±2.29ef16.01±0.74d
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78b47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94f17.56±3.69cd
FU5Eutypella sp.20.95±1.10a40.01±4.80c4.10±1.96ef11.23±1.55e
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55b35.36±0.72d64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23e
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09b31.87±0.48d48.22±1.90b26.20±3.23a
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.17.39±1.07b31.80±2.54d40.47±6.44c20.01±1.23bc
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987350328293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

小麦秸秆干物质与木质纤维素组分的单菌落降解率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05)
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05).
FU1Penicillium sp.17.15±0.70b43.12±1.79bc15.16±2.07d9.46±2.29e
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91b44.16±1.74ab8.33±2.51e22.09±0.63b
FU3Purpureocillium sp.17.06±2.03b44.27±1.60ab5.48±2.29ef16.01±0.74d
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78b47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94f17.56±3.69cd
FU5Eutypella sp.20.95±1.10a40.01±4.80c4.10±1.96ef11.23±1.55e
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55b35.36±0.72d64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23e
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09b31.87±0.48d48.22±1.90b26.20±3.23a
BA3Stenotrophomonas sp.17.39±1.07b31.80±2.54d40.47±6.44c20.01±1.23bc
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987471963114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Degradation results of dual strains interaction

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05). /表示菌株组合,不标注具体学名
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05). / represents the combination of strains, not marked with specific scientific name.
FU2+BA1/21.09±0.19ab46.88±2.40a15.43±2.18f26.73±0.65de
FU2+BA2/19.99±0.70bc38.89±1.39c27.21±3.27e35.34±1.43a
FU4+BA1/21.90±0.68a43.26±1.77b34.56±4.05d34.07±2.63ab
FU4+BA2/20.93±1.72ab44.82±3.27ab30.03±5.87de31.27±2.14bc
FU2+FU4/19.66±0.48bcd44.97±1.50ab6.78±1.53gh32.15±0.11bc
BA1+BA2/19.31±0.48cde35.79±0.70d58.07±3.71b29.48±1.42cd
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91f44.16±1.74b8.33±2.51g22.09±0.63f
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78ef47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94h17.56±3.69g
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55cde35.36±0.72d64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23h
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09de31.87±0.48e48.22±1.90c26.20±3.23e
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987618763766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

双菌互作降解结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05). /表示菌株组合,不标注具体学名
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05). / represents the combination of strains, not marked with specific scientific name.
FU2+BA1/21.09±0.19ab46.88±2.40a15.43±2.18f26.73±0.65de
FU2+BA2/19.99±0.70bc38.89±1.39c27.21±3.27e35.34±1.43a
FU4+BA1/21.90±0.68a43.26±1.77b34.56±4.05d34.07±2.63ab
FU4+BA2/20.93±1.72ab44.82±3.27ab30.03±5.87de31.27±2.14bc
FU2+FU4/19.66±0.48bcd44.97±1.50ab6.78±1.53gh32.15±0.11bc
BA1+BA2/19.31±0.48cde35.79±0.70d58.07±3.71b29.48±1.42cd
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91f44.16±1.74b8.33±2.51g22.09±0.63f
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78ef47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94h17.56±3.69g
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55cde35.36±0.72d64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23h
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09de31.87±0.48e48.22±1.90c26.20±3.23e
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987761370106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Degradation rate of composite strains of dry matter and lignocellulose components in wheat straw

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05). /表示菌株组合,不标注具体学名
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05). / represents the combination of strains, not marked with specific scientific name.
FU2/4+BA1/23.19±0.88ab41.66±1.97de26.57±1.04ef35.07±0.60ab
FU4+BA1/2/23.71±0.54a42.21±1.43cd22.42±2.97f35.48±0.39a
FU2/4+BA1/2/24.35±0.92a47.24±2.59a35.75±2.43d32.72±3.20abc
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91i44.16±1.74bcd8.33±2.51h22.09±0.63g
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78hi47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94i17.56±3.69h
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55ghi35.36±0.72f64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23i
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09hi31.87±0.48g48.22±1.90c26.20±3.23f
FU2+BA1/21.09±0.19cd46.88±2.40ab15.43±2.18g26.73±0.65ef
FU2+BA2/19.99±0.70def38.89±1.39e27.21±3.27e35.34±1.43a
FU4+BA1/21.90±0.68bc43.26±1.77cd34.56±4.05d34.07±2.63abc
FU4+BA2/20.93±1.72cde44.82±3.27abc30.03±5.87e31.27±2.14cd
FU2+FU4/19.66±0.48efg44.97±1.50abc6.78±1.53hi32.15±0.11bcd
BA1+BA2/19.31±0.48fgh35.79±0.70f58.07±3.71b29.48±1.42de
), ArticleFig(id=1242902987899781121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783829837447862, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

小麦秸秆干物质与木质纤维素组分的复合菌群降解率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain numberStrain nameDegradability of dry matter (%)Degradability of cellulose (%)Degradability of hemicellulose (%)Degradability of lignin (%)
表中数值为平均值±标准差,同列不同小写字母表示不同组间的降解率差异(P < 0.05). /表示菌株组合,不标注具体学名
The values in the table are the mean ± standard deviation, different lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences in degradation rates between different groups (P < 0.05). / represents the combination of strains, not marked with specific scientific name.
FU2/4+BA1/23.19±0.88ab41.66±1.97de26.57±1.04ef35.07±0.60ab
FU4+BA1/2/23.71±0.54a42.21±1.43cd22.42±2.97f35.48±0.39a
FU2/4+BA1/2/24.35±0.92a47.24±2.59a35.75±2.43d32.72±3.20abc
FU2Penicillium citrinum16.82±0.91i44.16±1.74bcd8.33±2.51h22.09±0.63g
FU4Aspergillus nomiae18.00±0.78hi47.03±1.60a3.56±0.94i17.56±3.69h
BA1Bacillus subtilis18.61±0.55ghi35.36±0.72f64.87±0.36a10.45±1.23i
BA2Escherichia coli18.37±1.09hi31.87±0.48g48.22±1.90c26.20±3.23f
FU2+BA1/21.09±0.19cd46.88±2.40ab15.43±2.18g26.73±0.65ef
FU2+BA2/19.99±0.70def38.89±1.39e27.21±3.27e35.34±1.43a
FU4+BA1/21.90±0.68bc43.26±1.77cd34.56±4.05d34.07±2.63abc
FU4+BA2/20.93±1.72cde44.82±3.27abc30.03±5.87e31.27±2.14cd
FU2+FU4/19.66±0.48efg44.97±1.50abc6.78±1.53hi32.15±0.11bcd
BA1+BA2/19.31±0.48fgh35.79±0.70f58.07±3.71b29.48±1.42de
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1192105720683257860, delFlag=0, nameCn=微生物学报, nameEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0001-6209, eissn=null, cn=11-1995/Q, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1762149752067, updatedTime=1762150746905, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, picEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1192109893441171829, language=CN, name=微生物学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746928, updatedTime=1762150746928, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1192109893512474998, language=EN, name=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746944, updatedTime=1762150746944, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1192105938417971205, websiteList=[Website(id=1192106105867223981, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1762149843899, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149888800, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=微生物学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107120863626198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150085893, updateTime=1762150085893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120834266067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150085886, updateTime=1762150085886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120892986329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085900, updateTime=1762150085900, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120825877458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150085884, updateTime=1762150085884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120905569243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085903, updateTime=1762150085903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120846848981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1762150085889, updateTime=1762150085889, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120897180634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085901, updateTime=1762150085901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120842654676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1762150085888, updateTime=1762150085888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120872014807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150085895, updateTime=1762150085895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120880403416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150085897, updateTime=1762150085897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1192106106018218929, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1762149843935, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149925242, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107140455220192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150090564, updateTime=1762150090564, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140434248669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150090559, updateTime=1762150090559, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140476191715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090569, updateTime=1762150090569, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140425860060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150090557, updateTime=1762150090557, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140484580325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090571, updateTime=1762150090571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140451025887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1762150090563, updateTime=1762150090563, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140480386020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090570, updateTime=1762150090570, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140442637278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1762150090561, updateTime=1762150090561, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140463608801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150090566, updateTime=1762150090566, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140467803106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150090567, updateTime=1762150090567, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=微生物学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPhotoEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌对小麦秸秆的生物降解
收藏切换
PDF下载
李吴晗 1 , 黄越 2 , 余婷 1 , 沈毅 1 , 周琪欢 1 , 陈翔 3 , 莫建初 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(9): 3393-3408
收起
收藏切换
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(9): 3393-3408
黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌对小麦秸秆的生物降解
全屏
李吴晗1, 黄越2, 余婷1, 沈毅1, 周琪欢1, 陈翔3, 莫建初1, *
作者信息
  • 1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582
  • 2 杭州市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 3100203
  • 3 桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 311500
Biodegradation of wheat straw by symbiotic fungi and bacteria of Odontotermes formosanus
Wuhan LI1, Yue HUANG2, Ting YU1, Yi SHEN1, Qihuan ZHOU1, Xiang CHEN3, Jianchu MO1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • 2 Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China
  • 3 Tonglu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Hangzhou 311500, Zhejiang, China
出版时间: 2024-05-24 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131
文章导航
收藏切换

【目的】探究黑翅土白蚁(Odontotermes formosanus)菌圃共生菌在木质纤维素降解上的应用潜力,增加秸秆降解菌种资源并为秸秆资源产业化利用提供理论依据。【方法】以刚果红染色法、羧甲基纤维素钠平板分离筛选具有木质纤维素降解活性的黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌并测定共生菌产酶情况。在常温液态发酵条件下,评估不同菌种以及复合菌群对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)秸秆的降解效果,利用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线晶体衍射和冷场扫描电镜分析降解前后小麦秸秆的理化性质。【结果】从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中分离得到具有木质纤维素降解活性的5种真菌和3种细菌,经鉴定为青霉属(Penicillium) 2种,紫霉属(Purpureocillium) 1种,曲霉属(Aspergillus) 1种,弯孢聚壳霉属(Eutypella) 1种,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus) 1种,埃希氏菌属(Escherichia) 1种,寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas) 1种。经酶活测定和单菌降解试验筛选出4种高效降解菌株[桔青霉(Penicillium citrinum)、红绶曲霉(Aspergillus nomiae)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)]组成复合菌群。经常温液态发酵,4种菌组成的复合菌群的综合降解能力最强,在12 d内干物质降解率达到24.35%,纤维素降解率达到47.24%,半纤维素降解率达到35.75%,木质素降解率达到32.72%。降解后小麦秸秆内部化学键和分子间作用力受到破坏,木质纤维素复合结构受到破坏,纤维素结晶度从37.40%降低至32.97%,秸秆表面严重崩解,结构蓬松。【结论】从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中分离得到的桔青霉、红绶曲霉、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌所组成的复合菌群对小麦秸秆有着优良的降解效果,具备秸秆生物降解产业化的潜在开发价值。

生物降解  /  黑翅土白蚁  /  共生菌  /  木质纤维素  /  秸秆资源利用

[Objective] This study explored the application potential of symbiotic fungi and bacteria of Odontotermes formosanus in the degradation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw resources, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and supplement strain resources for the industrialization of straw biodegradation. [Methods] The lignocellulose-degrading fungi and bacteria were isolated from O. formosanus and screened by Congo red staining and the agar plate supplemented with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), and the enzyme production of the strains screened out was examined. Liquid fermentation at room temperature was carried out to evaluate the degradation effects of different strains and strain combinations on wheat straw. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray crystal diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of wheat straw before and after degradation. [Results] Five species of fungi and three species of bacteria were isolated from the termite combs, including two species of Penicillium, one species of Purpureocillium, one species of Aspergillus, one species of Eutypella, one species of Bacillus, one species of Escherichia, and one species of Stenotrophomonas. Four efficient degrading strains were screened out and identified as Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus nomiae, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. In the liquid fermentation at room temperature, the combination of the four strains had the strongest comprehensive degradation performance, with the degradation rates of 24.35%, 47.24%, 35.75%, and 32.72% for dry matter, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, respectively, in 12 days. The degradation destroyed the chemical bonds, the intermolecular force, and the composite structure of lignocellulose in wheat straw, and decreased the crystallinity of cellulose from 37.40% to 32.97%. [Conclusion] The combination of P. citrinum, A. nomiae, B. subtilis, and E. coli isolated from the combs of O. formosanus had a good degradation effect on wheat straw, demonstrating the application potential in the industrialization of straw biodegradation.

biodegradation  /  Odontotermes formosanus  /  symbiotic bacteria and fungi  /  lignocellulose  /  straw resource utilization
李吴晗, 黄越, 余婷, 沈毅, 周琪欢, 陈翔, 莫建初. 黑翅土白蚁菌圃共生菌对小麦秸秆的生物降解. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3393 -3408 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131
Wuhan LI, Yue HUANG, Ting YU, Yi SHEN, Qihuan ZHOU, Xiang CHEN, Jianchu MO. Biodegradation of wheat straw by symbiotic fungi and bacteria of Odontotermes formosanus[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3393 -3408 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131
我国是农业大国,在农业生产中产出了大量的秸秆资源。据统计,我国秸秆资源年均产量约8.65亿t,资源化利用率为81.68%,其中秸秆的主要来源为玉米、水稻、小麦三大作物[1]。目前我国对秸秆利用的方法主要为肥料化、饲料化、基料化利用[2],无论何种利用方式,对秸秆进行预处理都能有效提高秸秆利用率,加速秸秆转化为需要的肥料或营养物质。因为秸秆中的木质纤维素特殊的“木质素-半纤维素-纤维素”三维网络结构、高度有序的氢键和木质素的难消化性,使得其在自然状态下难以高效降解[3-4],阻碍了秸秆利用率和利用速度,而预处理可以较好地打破该种复杂结构。目前已存在多种木质纤维素预处理方法,例如机械/热法、无机溶剂法、有机溶剂法和微生物法等[5]。其中微生物法由于条件温和,耗能小,污染少,并且可以极大地促进木质纤维素的后续糖化和发酵过程而引起了广泛关注[6],成为当下的研究热点。在生物降解中,真菌可以产生更多种的酶来有效解聚和修饰木质纤维素,如纤维素酶、果胶酶、木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶、葡聚糖苷酶等协同降解木质纤维素[7-8],细菌往往能够产生纤维素酶、半纤维素酶,减少木质纤维素的聚合[9],并通过聚酯化等方式使木质素改性,便于水解和利用[10]。目前开发的秸秆降解菌多采集自腐木或土壤腐殖层中的白腐菌或褐腐菌,例如香菇(Lentinus edodes)、糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)、黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)等[11-13]。然而生物降解目前仍存在一些问题,例如降解周期较长、降解环境要求较严格等。
培菌白蚁是自然界中著名的木质纤维素分解者,其巢内存在菌圃,由这种白蚁-共生菌所构成的体系能以极高的效率降解木质纤维素。据研究,培菌白蚁能消化食物中74%−99%的纤维素和65%−87%的半纤维素[14]。在我国黑翅土白蚁(Odontotermes formosanus)分布广泛,是培菌白蚁的一种,其巢内菌圃共生真菌蚁巢伞(Termitomyces)在固体发酵的条件下可降解木质食料中20.98%的纤维素、31.89%的半纤维素和11.68%的木质素[15]。目前,国内外科技工作者均尝试从白蚁巢内取得优质木质纤维素降解菌,如沈毅等[16]曾从黑翅土白蚁肠道中分离得到黑曲霉与灰孔多年卧孔菌双菌(Perenniporia tephropora),Sijinamanoj等[17]曾从胖身土白蚁(Odontotermes obesus)的肠道和菌圃中分离得到红绶曲霉(Aspergillus nomiae)和哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum),上述共生菌均对木质纤维素有良好的降解能力。
为进一步探究黑翅土白蚁共生菌在小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)秸秆资源利用上的应用潜力,本研究从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中分离筛选高效木质纤维素降解菌,并组合成复合菌群,尝试发掘常温高效降解小麦秸秆的菌种资源,为秸秆生物降解产业化提供科学依据。
供试黑翅土白蚁巢于2022年4月取自福建省三明市大田县,26 ℃避光饲养。供试小麦秸秆购自江苏省连云港市,烘箱干燥后粉碎过80目筛,常温密封保存。
羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)固体培养基(g/L):羧甲基纤维素钠10.0,氯化铵2.0,硝酸钠2.000,磷酸氢二钾1.0,磷酸二氢钾1.0,七水硫酸镁0.5,蛋白胨1.0,琼脂17.5,pH 7.0。无碳源基础液体培养基(g/L):氯化铵2.0,硝酸钠2.0,磷酸氢二钾1.0,磷酸二氢钾1.0,七水硫酸镁0.5,蛋白胨1.0,pH 7.0。羧甲基纤维素钠液体培养基(g/L):羧甲基纤维素钠10.0,无碳源基础液体培养基990.0。小麦秸秆培养基(g/L):小麦秸秆粉末(80目筛) 62.5,无碳源基础液体培养基937.5。LB液体培养基(g/L):胰蛋白胨10.0,酵母提取物5.0,氯化钠10.0,pH 7.0。
取0.5 g巢内上层菌圃、0.5 g巢内中层菌圃置于研钵中,加入1 mL PBS缓冲液,研磨成匀浆,将匀浆转移至离心管,4 ℃、1 500 r/min离心1 min取上清液,梯度稀释10 000倍,取15 µL在羧甲基纤维素钠固体培养基上涂布分离,长成明显菌落后划线分离,重复3次培养获得纯培养菌落。
纯培养菌落26 ℃培养箱培养7−14 d后,使用1 g/L的刚果红溶液染色5 min后使用1 mol/L的氯化钠溶液洗脱,观察水解圈存在情况,测量水解圈与菌落直径,计算Dc值(水解圈直径/菌落直径比值)作为衡量菌株分解纤维素能力强弱的标准,拍照记录。
初步鉴定:将纯化后菌落送至浙江尚亚生物技术有限公司进行鉴定。DNA提取方法:真菌使用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB)法提取DNA,细菌使用重亚硫酸盐转化法提取DNA。真菌利用PCR扩增单菌落的内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer, ITS)基因序列,引物为真菌ITS基因通用引物ITS1 (5′-TCCGTAG GTGAACCTGCGG-3′)和ITS4 (5′-TCCTCCGC TTATTGATATGC-3′);细菌利用PCR扩增单菌落的16S rRNA基因序列,引物为细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物27F (5′-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGC TCAG-3′)和1492R (5′-GGTTACCTTGTTACG ACTT-3′)。PCR反应体系(20 μL):2×Taq Plus Master Mix Ⅱ 10 µL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各1 µL,DNA模板0.2 µL,ddH2O 7.8 µL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃预变性3 min;95 ℃变性15 s,55 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸2 min,35个循环;72 ℃终延伸1 min。
载体测序鉴定:待单菌降解实验完成后,综合得到的数据,选择降解能力优秀的纯培养菌落,送至浙江尚亚生物技术有限公司。DNA提取方法同初步鉴定的提取方法。真菌利用PCR扩增单菌落的ITS基因序列,细菌利用PCR扩增单菌落的16S rRNA基因序列,将扩增得到的片段插入pTOPO-T载体,形成质粒后转进感受态细胞扩增。载体克隆反应体系(10 µL):10×pTOPO-T Buffer 1 µL,pTOPO-T Vector 1 µL,PCR产物1 µL,ddH2O 7 µL。载体克隆反应条件:混匀后室温连接5 min。扩增感受态细胞的载体基因序列,引物为载体扩增通用引物M13F (5′-TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT-3′)和M13R (5′-C AGGAAACAGCTATGACC-3′)。PCR反应体系和反应条件同初步鉴定的PCR反应体系和反应条件。
测序后使用BLAST在线比对菌种,于GenBank登记序列号。
真菌取3个直径6 mm菌饼接种于100 mL羧甲基纤维素钠液体培养基,细菌取3个直径6 mm菌饼接种于100 mL LB液体培养基,于26 ℃、180 r/min的摇床内避光培养5 d后,取1 mL液体培养基,在4 ℃、7 000 r/min条件下离心10 min,上清液即为粗酶液。
酶活性测定均使用苏州梦犀生物医药科技有限公司的试剂盒测定。其中内切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶活性和外切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶活性测定均采用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸法,来测定内切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶/外切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶催化羧甲基纤维素钠/微晶纤维素降解产生的葡萄糖含量;酶活单位的定义为每升粗酶液每分钟催化产生1 µmoL葡萄糖为1个酶活单位,即U/L。
木质素过氧化物酶活性测定采用木质素过氧化物酶催化天青脱甲基,在651 nm处测定吸光值减少;酶活单位的定义为每升粗酶液在反应体系中每分钟A651变化0.01为1个酶活单位,即U/L。
锰过氧化物酶活性测定采用锰过氧化物酶在Mn2+存在条件下,将愈创木酚氧化为四邻甲氧基连酚,在465 nm处有特征吸收峰;酶活单位的定义为每升粗酶液每分钟氧化1 µmoL底物愈创木酚所需的酶量为1个酶活单位,即U/L。
漆酶活性测定采用漆酶分解底物2, 2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸[2, 2ʹ-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ABTS]产生ABTS自由基,在420 nm处吸光系数远大于底物,通过测定ABTS自由基增加速率可计算漆酶活性;酶活单位的定义为每升粗酶液每分钟氧化1 µmoL底物ABTS所需的酶量为1个酶活单位,即U/L。
将6个直径0.6 cm菌饼接入灭菌后的小麦秸秆培养基(秸秆质量记为m),26 ℃避光培养12 d,回收秸秆培养基,过滤,80 ℃烘干12 h后称量干质量(记为M),按照公式(1)计算干物质降解率(Rm)。
式中,Rm为干物质降解率(%),m为秸秆质量(g),M为降解后秸秆烘干质量(g),100%为百分比换算系数。
木质纤维素组分质量分数测定方法参考美国国家可再生能源实验室(National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL)方法[18]和沈毅等[16]方法做出的修改:取0.2 g植物材料(记为m0),加入20 mL无水乙醇,60 ℃超声振荡萃取2 h,去上清后80 ℃烘干12 h。干燥后加入3 mL体积分数为72%的硫酸,摇匀后30 ℃水浴1 h。加入84 mL蒸馏水,稀释硫酸体积分数至4%,转移到聚四氟乙烯耐压瓶中,烘箱中121 ℃酸解2 h。使用砂芯漏斗抽滤,滤纸使用已烘干称量的无灰定量滤纸(滤纸灰分重记为a1)。滤渣与滤纸一并转移至陶瓷坩埚,烘箱80 ℃过夜烘干后称量(记为m1),后置于马弗炉中550 ℃煅烧4 h,冷却后称重(记为m2)。取2 mL滤液,加入2.5 mL质量分数为4%的氢氧化钠,5.5 mL蒸馏水中和至中性后,用葡萄糖试剂盒测定葡萄糖质量分数(记为Cglu),用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸法测定还原糖质量分数(记为Crs),计算纤维素、半纤维素和木质素质量分数(分别记为CcelChemClig),最后根据降解前组分质量分数(记为C)和降解后组分质量分数(记为Cd)计算组分降解率(记为Rlc)。计算如公式(2–5)所示。
式中,Ccel为纤维素质量分数(%),Cglu为葡萄糖质量分数(%),m0为植物材料初始质量(g),Chem为半纤维素质量分数(%),Crs为还原糖质量分数(%),Clig为木质素质量分数(%),m1为滤渣滤纸烘干质量(g),a1为滤纸灰分质量(g),m2为煅烧后灰分质量(g),Rlc为组分降解率(%),m为降解前秸秆质量(g),C为降解前组分质量分数(%),M为降解后秸秆烘干质量(g),Cd为降解后组分质量分数(%),0.90为纤维素单糖转化系数,87×10−3为液体体积稀释倍数,0.88为半纤维素单糖转化系数,100%为百分比换算系数。
比对单菌落降解结果和酶活测定结果,挑选出具有相对较高的酶活性,并对木质纤维素不同组分具有优秀降解效果的4种菌(FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2)以分析菌株之间互相作用对木质纤维素降解的影响。4种菌株分别两两组合进行双菌互作试验,配比以接入菌饼计算,为1:1。试验条件和各组分降解率测定步骤同单菌落降解试验。
根据酶活测定结果、单菌落降解结果和双菌互作结果,组成复合菌群,三菌组合为FU2 FU4 BA1、FU4 BA1 BA2,四菌组合为FU2 FU4 BA1 BA2。复合菌群配比以接入菌饼计算,三菌为1:1:1,四菌考虑到菌种数量较多且真菌生长速度较快,因此增加细菌初始比重,配比为FU2:FU4:BA1:BA2=1:1:2:2。
将6个直径0.6 cm菌饼接入灭菌后的小麦秸秆培养基(三菌各2个,四菌组合中真菌各1个细菌各2个),26 ℃避光培养12 d。干物质降解率与木质纤维素组分降解率的测定与计算均与单菌落时一致。
取降解前小麦秸秆样品和(FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2) 4菌组成的复合菌群降解样品,烘干后磨成粉末,使用傅里叶红外光谱仪(ThermoFisher Scientific公司)分析。分辨率4 cm−1,扫描次数32次,扫描波长400−4 000 cm−1
取降解前小麦秸秆样品和四菌(FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2)组成的复合菌群降解样品,烘干后磨成粉末,使用X射线衍射仪(Bruke公司)分析。扫描范围5°−90°,扫描速度5°/min。按照公式(6)计算纤维素结晶度。
式中,D为纤维素结晶度,I002为2θ=22.5°衍射峰最大值(s−1),Iam为2θ=18.0°衍射峰最小值(s−1),100%为百分比换算系数。
取降解前小麦秸秆粉末样品和四菌(FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2)组成的复合菌群降解样品,烘干后磨成粉末后用冷场扫描电镜(Hitachi公司)观察。加速电压:3.0 kV;放大倍数:1 000倍、20 000倍。
使用SPSS 27软件对不同菌株的酶活性和水稻秸秆降解率进行方差齐性检验和显著性分析。
本研究经分离、刚果红染色筛选,从黑翅土白蚁菌圃中选出了5株真菌与3株细菌进行后续试验,分别记为FU1−FU5、BA1−BA3。这8株菌均能产生纤维素水解透明圈,其菌落形态与透明圈形态如图1所示,产生透明圈表明该菌落有产生纤维素酶的能力,从而降解纤维素、产生多糖类物质[19]。根据高榕等[20]的研究结果,以Dc值为标准的筛选方法,能初步地筛选出高纤维素酶生产率的菌株,8种菌Dc值如表1所示。
对分离、筛选得到的8株具有木质纤维素降解能力的菌株进行分子生物学鉴定,结果(表2)显示这8株菌分别是青霉属(Penicillium) 2种、紫霉属(Purpureocillium) 1种、曲霉属(Aspergillus) 1种、弯孢聚壳霉属(Eutypella) 1种、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus) 1种、埃希氏菌属(Escherichia) 1种、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas) 1种。
八株菌的纤维素酶活性如表3图2所示。结果表明,FU1、FU2、FU4、FU5的内切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶酶活显著高于其他菌株,表明其具有较强的纤维素链切割能力;而BA2、BA1、FU4的外切-β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶酶活显著高于其他菌株,表明其具有较强的纤维素末端水解能力。
八株菌的木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶和漆酶活性如表4图35所示。结果表明,FU1、FU2、FU4、BA2、BA3木质素过氧化物酶活性显著高于其他菌株,表明其具有较强的木质素降解能力;FU5、FU4、BA3锰过氧化物酶活性显著高于其他菌株,表明其具有较强的木质素、叠氮化合物、多环芳烃降解能力;FU5、BA1、BA3漆酶活性显著高于其他菌株,表明其具有较强的木质素等芳香族高分子化合物降解能力。
单独降解木质纤维素时,8株菌均表现出了一定的降解能力(表5)。FU5在干物质降解能力上显著高于其他菌株,达到20.95%;FU4、FU2、FU3的纤维素降解率显著高于其他菌株,其中FU4的降解率最高,可以降解47.03%的纤维素;BA1、BA2、BA3三株细菌在半纤维素降解率方面显著强于其他菌株,其中BA1的降解率最高,可降解64.87%的半纤维素;BA2、FU2、BA3在木质素降解率方面显著高于其他菌株,其中最优秀的BA2可降解26.20%的木质素。
以单菌落小麦秸秆干物质与木质纤维素组分的降解率作为主要依据,参考酶活测定结果和水解圈Dc值,选取FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2这4株菌进行共生菌互作试验。将上述4株菌两两组合进行试验,结果如表6所示。4种菌株之间的互相作用均对木质纤维素降解产生影响,其中1种真菌加1种细菌的4种配比方式相对于其中各组分单独降解,降解各组分的能力更为均衡,干物质降解率显著升高;2种真菌组合和2种细菌组合木质素降解率显著升高。双菌互作试验证明,筛选出的4种菌株之间能共同参与降解木质纤维素,不同菌株之间产生的相互作用有利于木质纤维素不同组分的进一步降解。
在各组合方式中,FU4+BA1的组合干物质降解率和综合降解能力最优秀,因此,多菌组合降解木质纤维素应当考虑在FU4+BA1组合的基础上继续增加其他菌株来进一步提高木质纤维素降解率。
组成复合菌群后(表7),所有多菌组合干物质降解率、木质素降解率相较单菌株降解均有了显著提升,其中FU4+BA1/2三菌组合和FU2/4+BA1/2四菌组合干物质降解率相较双菌有显著提升。在所有组合中,干物质降解率和纤维素降解率最高的是FU2/4+BA1/2组合,干物质降解率达到24.35%,纤维素降解率达到47.24%;半纤维素降解率最高的仍为单菌株BA1;木质素降解率最高的是FU4+BA1/2、FU2+BA2、FU2/4+BA1、FU4+BA1、FU2/4+BA1/2这5个组合,降解率达到32.72%−35.48%。综合来看,FU2/4+BA1/2四菌组合的小麦秸秆综合降解能力最为优秀,存在潜在的开发价值。
经四菌复合菌群组合降解后,小麦秸秆木质纤维素红外光谱特征峰透过率出现明显上升(图6)。
变化主要集中在1 000−3 700 cm−1附近,其中1 066 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与半纤维素和纤维素中的C−O拉伸有关;1 235 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与木质素-半纤维素复合物中的O=C−C伸缩振动有关[21-22],说明小麦秸秆中纤维素、半纤维素与木质素复合结构被破坏,纤维素、半纤维素与木质素产生分离。
1 160 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与碳链中的C−O−C伸缩振动有关[21],说明在复合菌群的降解作用下,小麦秸秆中部分碳链结构受到破坏,分子聚合度下降。
1 316 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与纤维素中的CH2基团摇摆振动有关;1 375 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与纤维素中的C−H弯曲振动相关[21-22],说明小麦秸秆中部分纤维素发生降解。
1 428 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与芳环拉伸引起的碳氢键平面变形有关;1 515、1 606、1 655 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与芳环C−C拉伸、芳香族骨架C=C与C=N的拉伸振动、O−H共轭C−O基团的伸缩振动有关[21-23],说明复合菌群对小麦秸秆中木质素的芳香族骨架、木质素的主要化学键β−O−4造成了破坏。
2 921 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与纤维素中的氢键和甲基与亚甲基中的碳氢键振动有关;3 400 cm−1附近红外吸收峰与−OH基团伸缩振动有关[22],说明在复合菌群的降解作用下,小麦秸秆中的氢键受到破坏
经四菌复合菌群组合降解后,小麦秸秆木质纤维素XRD特征峰出现明显下降(图7)。在纤维素结晶区衍射峰处(2θ=22.5°)和纤维素无定形区衍射峰处(2θ=18.0°)[24]均存在明显下降;小麦秸秆纤维素结晶度从37.40%降低至32.97%,说明该复合菌群有较强的对纤维素降解利用能力。
扫描电镜观察发现(图8),复合菌群降解后小麦秸秆表面由相对光滑变为相对粗糙多孔,纤维结构崩裂扭曲成絮状褶皱,产生大量裂缝和突起,并崩解为众多小碎片,推测在菌群释放的木质纤维素酶的化学催化作用和真菌菌丝深入秸秆内部所造成的物理破坏作用的联合影响下,秸秆的结构受到了严重破坏,从微观结构的变化上表明复合菌群对木质纤维素存在良好的降解能力。
近年来,环境保护日益受到重视,充分利用农林废弃物、开发绿色生物质能源得到了广泛关注。其中,利用微生物处理小麦秸秆取得了一定的进展,但以往的研究多选择从腐木、土壤腐殖层筛选木质纤维素降解菌。例如,Knežević等[25]选取无柄林芝(Ganoderma resinaceum)作为麦秆聚合物的生物处理菌,发现在15 d时该菌对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的降解率可分别达33.8%、38.8%、37.9%,干物质降解率可达17.3%;任强等[26]选取产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)对麦秆粉末进行生物降解,发现在10 d时对半纤维素、木质素的降解效果显著,降解率分别为39.9%和21.8%。本研究从黑翅土白蚁菌圃内分离筛选木质纤维素降解菌构建复合菌群,发现它们对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素均具有较好的降解能力,在12 d内对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的降解率分别达到了47.24%、35.75%和32.72%,由于小麦秸秆中纤维素占比较高,因此干物质降解率达到了24.35%。其中,BA1单菌对半纤维素的降解率达到了64.87%。说明本研究所使用的复合菌群的纤维素降解率和干物质降解率更高,BA1菌株的半纤维素降解能力更高。
在自然环境中和常见的堆肥情况下,小麦秸秆的降解并非单菌落降解的结果,Wei等[27]通过向堆肥中接种放线菌,提高木质纤维素降解能力的研究结果表明,具备不同酶系的菌种组合能够利用不同碳源进行代谢,更好地打破木质素、纤维素、半纤维素聚合而成的复杂木质素屏障,以实现更均衡地对木质纤维素进行降解。Kolasa等[28]研究发现,将里氏木霉分别与黑曲霉等3种曲霉混合培养后,可以有效提升小麦秸秆降解率,效果相比单菌落有80%左右的提升。在本研究中,将产酶种类和产酶量不同、对木质纤维素有不同降解效果的菌种组合成复合菌群,发现FU2、FU4、BA1、BA2这4株菌组成的复合菌群显著地提高了干物质降解率、纤维素降解率和木质素降解率,而且木质纤维素各组分降解较为均衡,总体而言对木质纤维素有更好的降解能力。
通过红外光谱研究发现,复合菌群能够对小麦秸秆中木质素的芳香族骨架、木质素的部分重要化学键、木质素-半纤维素-纤维素复合结构和木质纤维素分子间作用力均有明显破坏。这些结构的破坏,说明木质素、半纤维素、纤维素本身受到降解的同时,也使纤维素、半纤维素和木质素之间的连接被破坏,即阻碍木质纤维素降解的“屏障”被破坏,使纤维素向外暴露,释放更多酶切位点供酶结合,从而实现更快速地降解[29]。通过X射线衍射图谱研究发现,复合菌群能够降低小麦秸秆中的纤维素结晶度,说明复合菌群能够通过物理化学处理的方法将结晶纤维素转化为无定形纤维素并进一步降解,纤维素的无定形区域能够吸附水,降解速率更快,进一步有利于后续降解[30]。通过扫描电镜所见的微观结构也证实复合菌群对小麦秸秆物理结构的破坏效果非常显著,降解后的秸秆表面粗糙且蓬松,不仅利于内部木质纤维素的暴露,也利于降解酶的附着[31]
综上所述,本研究从黑翅土白蚁巢内菌圃中分离筛选得到8株具有降解木质纤维素能力的菌株,并根据降解能力和产酶能力挑选部分菌株组合成复合菌群,其中由桔青霉、红绶曲霉、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌组成的复合菌群对小麦秸秆有着较强的降解能力,在12 d内对纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的降解率分别达到了47.24%、35.75%和32.72%,干物质降解率达到了24.35%,并能在理化层面上显著破坏木质纤维素结构,在生物降解秸秆上具有潜在的开发价值。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071771)
  • 杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202209SX17)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
张晓庆, 王梓凡, 参木友, 白海花, 塔娜.中国农作物秸秆产量及综合利用现状分析[J]. 中国农业大学学报,2021,26(9):30-41. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX202109004.htm
ZHANG XQ, WANG ZF, CAN MY, BAI HH, TA N.Analysis of yield and current comprehensive utilization of crop straws in China[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2021,26(9):30-41 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYDX202109004.htm
[2]
石祖梁, 王飞, 王久臣, 李想, 孙仁华, 宋成军.我国农作物秸秆资源利用特征、技术模式及发展建议[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2019,21(5):8-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NKDB201905002.htm
SHI ZL, WANG F, WANG JC, LI X, SUN RH, SONG CJ.Utilization characteristics, technical model and development suggestion on crop straw in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2019,21(5):8-16 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NKDB201905002.htm
[3]
AUER L, LAZUKA A, SILLAM-DUSSÈS D, MIAMBI E, O'DONOHUE M, HERNANDEZ- RAQUET G.Uncovering the potential of termite gut microbiome for lignocellulose bioconversion in anaerobic batch bioreactors[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8: 2623.
[4]
WANG CG, ZHANG XH, LIU Q, ZHANG Q, CHEN LG, MA LL.A review of conversion of lignocellulose biomass to liquid transport fuels by integrated refining strategies[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2020,208: 106485.
[5]
ZHOU M, TIAN XJ.Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2022,202: 256-268.
[6]
SI MY, LIU D, LIU MR, YAN X, GAO CJ, CHAI LY, SHI Y.Complementary effect of combined bacterial- chemical pretreatment to promote enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose biomass[J].Bioresource Technology,2019,272: 275-280.
[7]
WAN CX, LI YB.Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Biotechnology Advances,2012,30(6):1447-1457.
[8]
COUTURIER M, NAVARRO D, OLIVÉ C, CHEVRET D, HAON M, FAVEL A, LESAGE-MEESSEN L, HENRISSAT B, COUTINHO PM, BERRIN JG.Post-genomic analyses of fungal lignocellulosic biomass degradation reveal the unexpected potential of the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis[J].BMC Genomics,2012,13(1):57.
[9]
ZHAO L, SUN ZF, ZHANG CC, NAN J, REN NQ, LEE DJ, CHEN C.Advances in pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production: challenges and perspectives[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,343: 126123.
[10]
SHI Y, YAN X, LI Q, WANG X, LIU MR, XIE SX, CHAI LY, YUAN J.Directed bioconversion of kraft lignin to polyhydroxyalkanoate by Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 without any pretreatment[J].Process Biochemistry,2017,52: 238-242.
[11]
高旭红, 毛磊, 徐立春, 熊丽萍, 梁小军.平菇、香菇和杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆纤维物质降解能力最优菌株的筛选[J]. 中国饲料,2023(15):148-152. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLGZ202315024.htm
GAO XH, MAO L, XU LC, XIONG LP, LIANG XJ.Screening the best strains of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus eryngii for the degradation of wheat straw fiber[J].China Feed,2023(15):148-152 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SLGZ202315024.htm
[12]
SUN ZJ, MAO YY, LIU SJ, ZHANG HW, XU Y, GENG RP, LU JQ, HUANG SY, YUAN Q, ZHANG SP, DONG Q.Effect of pretreatment with Phanerochaete chrysosporium on physicochemical properties and pyrolysis behaviors of corn stover[J].Bioresource Technology,2022,361: 127687.
[13]
XIONG L.Effects of adding different concentrations of Aspergillus niger inoculant on the quality of mixed rice straw silage[J].Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2022,59(2):357-364.
[14]
OZBAYRAM EG, KLEINSTEUBER S, NIKOLAUSZ M.Biotechnological utilization of animal gut microbiota for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2020,104(2):489-508.
[15]
王成盼, 梁世优, 殷学杰, 于保庭, 胡寅, 莫建初.蚁巢伞对木质纤维素的降解作用[J]. 应用与环境生物学报,2019,25(3):729-735. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYHS201903033.htm
WANG CP, LIANG SY, YIN XJ, YU BT, HU Y, MO JC.Degradation of lignocellulose by Termitomyces[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2019,25(3):729-735 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYHS201903033.htm
[16]
沈毅, 漆梦雯, 羊桂英, 周琪欢, 余婷, 李吴晗, 莫建初.黑翅土白蚁共生真菌对水稻秸秆生物降解研究[J]. 浙江农林大学学报,2023,40(6):1224-1231. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJLX202306008.htm
SHEN Y, QI MW, YANG GY, ZHOU QH, YU T, LI WH, MO JC.Biodegradation of rice straw by symbiotic fungi of Odontotermes formosanus[J].Journal of Zhejiang A & F University,2023,40(6):1224-1231 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJLX202306008.htm
[17]
SIJINAMANOJ V, MUTHUKUMAR T, MUTHURAJA R, RAYAPPAN K, KARMEGAM N, SAMINATHAN K, GOVARTHANAN M, KATHIRESWARI P.Ligninolytic valorization of agricultural residues by Aspergillus nomius and Trichoderma harzianum isolated from gut and comb of Odontotermes obesus (Termitidae)[J].Chemosphere,2021,284: 131384.
[18]
SLUITER JB, RUIZ RO, SCARLATA CJ, SLUITER AD, TEMPLETON DW.Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks. 1. review and description of methods[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(16):9043-9053.
[19]
张超, 李艳宾, 张磊, 张琴, 魏世清.真菌产纤维素酶培养基中刚果红转移机理研究[J]. 微生物学通报,2006,33(6):12-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSWT200606003.htm
ZHANG C, LI YB, ZHANG L, ZHANG Q, WEI SQ.Study on transition mechanism of congo-red in cellulase-producing fungi medium[J].Microbiology China,2006,33(6):12-16 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSWT200606003.htm
[20]
高榕, 邓迎达.高生产效率纤维素酶菌株初筛方法的研究[J]. 纤维素科学与技术,2004,12(3):20-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XWSK200403003.htm
GAO R, DENG YD.A new approach for selection a cellulase producing strain[J].Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology,2004,12(3):20-24 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XWSK200403003.htm
[21]
CHANG SS, SALMÉN L, OLSSON AM, CLAIR B.Deposition and organisation of cell wall polymers during maturation of poplar tension wood by FTIR microspectroscopy[J].Planta,2014,239(1):243-254.
[22]
WU L, CHE SH, QIN XT, XU YF, TIAN SQ, ZHU Y, SONG J, GUAN YP, WANG DC, WU MK, YANG X, WU ZH, YANG MY.Identification, characteristics and rice growth promotion of a highly efficient cellulolytic bacterial strain, Cellulomonas iranensis ZJW-6, isolated from paddy soil in central China[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2023,14: 1152966.
[23]
庄培文, 张恺, 郑平, 凌铭煌, 张玉苍, 骆祝华.深海真菌Chaetomium sp. CS1的木质素降解特征[J]. 菌物学报,2023,42(12):2442-2453. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JWXT202401006.htm
ZHUANG PW, ZHANG K, ZHENG P, LING MH, ZHANG YC, LUO ZH.Lignin-degradation characteristics of deep-sea fungus Chaetomium sp. CS1[J].Mycosystema,2023,42(12):2442-2453 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JWXT202401006.htm
[24]
BENKO EM, CHUHCHIN DG, MALKOV AV, VYDRINA IV, NOVOZHILOV EV, LUNIN VV.Change in the crystallinity of wheat straw during ozone treatment[J].Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A,2020,94(6):1149-1152.
[25]
KNEŽEVIĆ A, ĐOKIĆ I, TOSTI T, POPOVIĆ S, MILOJKOVIĆ-OPSENICA D, VUKOJEVIĆ J.White-rot fungal pretreatment of wheat straw: effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate polymers[J].Cellulose Chemistry and Technology,2023,57(7/8):815-828.
[26]
任强, 焦志强, 葛世纪, 展文豪, 王洋洋.木质纤维素高效降解菌株的筛选及其对小麦秸秆的强化降解[J]. 河南大学学报(自然科学版),2023,53(6):671-680. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDZR202306004.htm
REN Q, JIAO ZQ, GE SJ, ZHAN WH, WANG YY.Isolation of high efficient lignocellulose degrading bacteria and its enhanced degradation of wheat straw[J].Journal of Henan University (Natural Science),2023,53(6):671-680 (in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDZR202306004.htm
[27]
WEI YQ, WU D, WEI D, ZHAO Y, WU JQ, XIE XY, ZHANG RJ, WEI ZM.Improved lignocellulose- degrading performance during straw composting from diverse sources with actinomycetes inoculation by regulating the key enzyme activities[J].Bioresource Technology,2019,271: 66-74.
[28]
KOLASA M, AHRING BK, LÜBECK PS, LÜBECK M.Co-cultivation of Trichoderma reesei RutC30 with three black Aspergillus strains facilitates efficient hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw and shows promises for on-site enzyme production[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,169: 143-148.
[29]
MUSSATTO SI, FERNANDES M, MILAGRES AMF, ROBERTO IC.Effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from brewer's spent grain[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2008,43(2):124-129.
[30]
KARIMI K, TAHERZADEH MJ.A critical review of analytical methods in pretreatment of lignocelluloses: composition, imaging, and crystallinity[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200: 1008-1018.
[31]
XU XQ, XU ZQ, SHI S, LIN MM.Lignocellulose degradation patterns, structural changes, and enzyme secretion by Inonotus obliquus on straw biomass under submerged fermentation[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,241: 415-423.
2024年第64卷第9期
PDF下载
147
61
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131
  • 接收时间:2024-03-03
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-05-24
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-03
  • 录用日期:2024-05-21
基金
General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071771)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071771)
Hangzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Cooperation and Innovation Project(202209SX17)
杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202209SX17)
作者信息
    1 浙江大学 昆虫科学研究所, 农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 3100582
    2 杭州市农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 3100203
    3 桐庐县农业技术推广中心, 浙江 杭州 311500

通讯作者:

参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240131
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏