Article(id=1241783828704989900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240178, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1710950400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1718553600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-06-17, onlineDate=1773993935991, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1718726400000, pubDateStr=2024-06-19, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773993935991, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773993935991, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993935991, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241783822560334490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='9', pageStart='3091', pageEnd='3558', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773993934526, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773994132256, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3521, endPage=3532, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241783831594865418, articleId=1241783828704989900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Metabolic engineering of Streptomyces cinnamonensis enhances biosynthesis of monensin, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] Monensin is a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. To enhance the production of monensin by microbial fermentation, we employed metabolic engineering to strengthen the synthesis pathway of the key precursor methylmalonyl-CoA in S. cinnamonensis 2110. [Methods] Firstly, crotonyl-CoA reductase (CCR) was overexpressed to strengthen the acetoacetyl-CoA pathway. Subsequently, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) was overexpressed to improve the succinyl-CoA pathway. Finally, an engineered strain with tandem overexpression of CCR and MCM was constructed and evaluated for the fermentation performance. [Results] The overexpression of CCR increased the strain biomass and monensin titer by 10.4% and 19.0%, respectively, after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. The overexpression of MCM increased the monensin titer by 9.9%, whereas it did not increase the strain biomass after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. The tandem overexpression of CCR and MCM increased the biomass and monensin titer by 9.4% and 26.8%, respectively, after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. In a 5 L bioreactor, the engineered strain 2110-CCR-MCM reached the highest biomass of 54.6 g/L and monensin titer of 11.3 kU/mL, which increased by 12.7% and 36.2%, respectively, compared with those of the starting strain 2110. [Conclusion] CCR and MCM mediated the key metabolic pathway of monensin biosynthesis in S. cinnamonensis, and the overexpression of CCR and MCM was highly favorable for monensin synthesis. This study provides technical reference for the engineering of strains with high yields of other polyketides.

, correspAuthors=Shanfei ZHANG, Fubao SUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*ZHANG Shanfei, E-mail:
SUN Fubao, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Minwei LIU, Shanfei ZHANG, Zixuan HUANG, Haobo XING, Fubao SUN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241783837651440579, articleId=1241783828704989900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=利用代谢工程技术强化肉桂地链霉菌莫能菌素的生物合成, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】莫能菌素(monensin)是由肉桂地链霉菌(Streptomyces cinnamonensis)产生的聚醚类抗生素。本研究以肉桂地链霉菌2110为研究材料,利用代谢工程技术开展其重要前体甲基丙二酰CoA合成途径强化的研究,以此提高莫能菌素产量。【方法】首先过表达巴豆酰CoA还原酶(crotonyl-CoA reductase, CCR)强化乙酰乙酰CoA途径,接着过表达甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶(methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, MCM)强化琥珀酰CoA途径,最后串联过表达CCR和MCM并评估工程菌株的发酵性能。【结果】过表达CCR能促进菌体生长,同时提高莫能菌素产量,摇瓶发酵10 d后过表达菌株的生物量和发酵效价分别提高10.4%和19.0%;过表达MCM未能促进菌体生长,但提高了莫能菌素产量,过表达菌株摇瓶发酵10 d时效价提升9.9%;串联过表达CCR和MCM也使菌株的生物量和发酵效价提高,工程菌株2110-CCR-MCM在摇瓶发酵10 d时生物量和发酵效价分别提升9.4%和26.8%,在5 L罐上发酵6 d时达到最高的生物量和发酵效价分别为54.6 g/L和11.3 kU/mL,比原始菌株分别增加12.7%和36.2%。【结论】CCR和MCM的确介导了莫能菌素生物合成的关键代谢途径,串联过表达CCR和MCM更有效地促进了莫能菌素的合成。本研究为其他聚酮类化合物高产工程菌株的构建提供技术借鉴。

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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, 102 (9):4009-4023., articleTitle=Streptomyces clavuligerus shows a strong association between TCA cycle intermediate accumulation and clavulanic acid biosynthesis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1242902982593983290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, awardId=21776114, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776114), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902982690452286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, awardId=21776114, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(21776114), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902971873341811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902971885924726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, companyId=1242902971873341811, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902971890119031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, companyId=1242902971873341811, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江南大学 生物工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122)]), AuthorCompany(id=1242902972024336771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902972032725380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, companyId=1242902972024336771, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902972041113989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, companyId=1242902972024336771, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 江南大学 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242902978949132992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Biosynthetic pathway of methylmalonyl-CoA[11]., figureFileSmall=WI6+fr+QIq8zhWh/s7oXcA==, figureFileBig=XEQViGYARhpnrbQnImnk8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902979053990598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=图1, caption=甲基丙二酰COA的生物合成途径[11], figureFileSmall=WI6+fr+QIq8zhWh/s7oXcA==, figureFileBig=XEQViGYARhpnrbQnImnk8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902979204985556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Construction of overexpressed strain 2110-CCR (A–C) and verification of flask fermentation (D). A: PCR amplification. 1, 2: Amplification of ccr fragment and linearized vector pIB139. B: PCR validation of the recombinant plasmid pCCR. N: Using pIB139 vector as template; 1: Using pCCR plasmid as template to amplify the ccr fragment. C: PCR validation of the resistance gene aac(3)IV. N: Using total DNA of the original strain 2110 as template; 1−4: The selected transformants., figureFileSmall=O4dh63+kQOmG39prRktxAg==, figureFileBig=tslBuJscDcm6jP4S8uCSTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902980761072346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=图2, caption=过表达菌株2110-CCR构建(A–C)及摇瓶发酵验证(D), figureFileSmall=O4dh63+kQOmG39prRktxAg==, figureFileBig=tslBuJscDcm6jP4S8uCSTg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902980870124259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Construction of overexpressed strain 2110-MCM (A–C) and verification of flask fermentation (D). A: PCR amplification. 1–3: Amplification of mutA, mutB fragments and linearized vector pIB139. B: PCR validation of the recombinant plasmid pMCM. N: Using pIB139 vector as template; 1: Using pMCM plasmid as template to amplify mutA and mutB fragments. C: PCR validation of the resistance gene aac(3)IV. N: Using total DNA of the original strain 2110 as template; 1−4: The selected transformants., figureFileSmall=g6hk9BZ6p/WM/fEJjRPpmQ==, figureFileBig=iMSXur1Y2TmDuw22i6hVHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902980970787566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=图3, caption= 过表达菌株2110-MCM构建(A–C)及摇瓶发酵验证(D), figureFileSmall=g6hk9BZ6p/WM/fEJjRPpmQ==, figureFileBig=iMSXur1Y2TmDuw22i6hVHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981256000249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Construction of overexpressed strain 2110-CCR-MCM (A–C) and verification of flask fermentation (D). A: PCR amplification. 1, 2: Amplification of ccr fragment and linearized vector pMCM. B: PCR validation of the recombinant plasmid pCAB. N: Using pIB139 vector as template; 1: Using pCAB plasmid as template to amplify ccr fragment. C: PCR validation of the resistance gene aac(3)IV. N: Using total DNA of the original strain 2110 as template; 1−5: The selected transformants., figureFileSmall=1ND+/rX/Go+eTzzTotLPjA==, figureFileBig=r+5oWmRQqSTDDYrYQs0KBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981348274946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=图4, caption= 过表达菌株2110-CCR-MCM构建(A–C)及摇瓶发酵验证(D), figureFileSmall=1ND+/rX/Go+eTzzTotLPjA==, figureFileBig=r+5oWmRQqSTDDYrYQs0KBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981532824330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Fermentation conditions of overexpressing strains in a 5 L bio-fermentor. A: The original strain 2110. B: 2110-CCR. C: 2110-MCM. D: 2110-CCR-MCM., figureFileSmall=DrKtz/iqXx9uH83pc/pmww==, figureFileBig=HKa0maVEangv6yQ1KkVtCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981679624979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=图5, caption= 过表达菌株在5 L罐的发酵情况, figureFileSmall=DrKtz/iqXx9uH83pc/pmww==, figureFileBig=HKa0maVEangv6yQ1KkVtCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902981834814231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Strains and plasmids used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strains and plasmidsFeaturesSources
Escherichia coli
    DH5αF, Φ80lacZΔM15, Δ(lacZYA-argF)U169, deoR, recA1, endA1,
hsdR17(rK, mK+), supE44, thi-1, gyrA96, relA1
[16]
ET12567(pUZ8002)Donor for intergeneric conjugation, with pUZ8002 helper plasmids, Chlr, KanrLab collection
Streptomyces cinnamonensis
    2110Industrial strain for monensin productionLab collection
    2110-CCR2110 containing pCCRThis study
    2110-MCM2110 containing pMCMThis study
    2110-CCR-MCM2110 containing pCABThis study
pIB139ermEp* promoter, ΦC31 integrase, oriT, AprrLab collection
pCCRpIB139 containing ccrThis study
pMCMpIB139 containing mcmThis study
pCABpIB139 containing ccr and mcmThis study
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981977420574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究使用的菌株和质粒

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strains and plasmidsFeaturesSources
Escherichia coli
    DH5αF, Φ80lacZΔM15, Δ(lacZYA-argF)U169, deoR, recA1, endA1,
hsdR17(rK, mK+), supE44, thi-1, gyrA96, relA1
[16]
ET12567(pUZ8002)Donor for intergeneric conjugation, with pUZ8002 helper plasmids, Chlr, KanrLab collection
Streptomyces cinnamonensis
    2110Industrial strain for monensin productionLab collection
    2110-CCR2110 containing pCCRThis study
    2110-MCM2110 containing pMCMThis study
    2110-CCR-MCM2110 containing pCABThis study
pIB139ermEp* promoter, ΦC31 integrase, oriT, AprrLab collection
pCCRpIB139 containing ccrThis study
pMCMpIB139 containing mcmThis study
pCABpIB139 containing ccr and mcmThis study
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982111638311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
CCR1-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATGTGAAGGAAATCCTGGACGCG
CCR1-RCTCTAGAGGATCCCCAACATTCAGACGTTGCGGAAACGG
pIB139-FATGTTGGGGATCCTCTAGAGGATCCG
pIB139-RATGTGGATCCTACCAACCGGC
MUTA-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATATGACGGTCCTGCCTGACG
MUTA-RGATCCGCATCCTCCTTATTACGCCACTCCCATGCG
MUTB-FTGGCGTAATAAGGAGGATGCGGATCCCCGAATTC
MUTB-RCTCTAGAGGATCCCCAACATTCACAGTTCGTGGCCGAGG
CCR2-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATGTGAAGGAAATCCTGGACGCG
CCR2-RTCAGGCAGGACCGTCATCCTCCTTATCAGACGTTGCGG
pMCM-FTAAGGAGGATGACGGTCCTGCCTGA
pMCM-RATGTGGATCCTACCAACCGG
APR-FGTGCAATACGAATGGCGAAA
APR-RTCAGCCAATCGACTGGCGAG
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982325547821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783828704989900, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

本研究使用的引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
CCR1-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATGTGAAGGAAATCCTGGACGCG
CCR1-RCTCTAGAGGATCCCCAACATTCAGACGTTGCGGAAACGG
pIB139-FATGTTGGGGATCCTCTAGAGGATCCG
pIB139-RATGTGGATCCTACCAACCGGC
MUTA-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATATGACGGTCCTGCCTGACG
MUTA-RGATCCGCATCCTCCTTATTACGCCACTCCCATGCG
MUTB-FTGGCGTAATAAGGAGGATGCGGATCCCCGAATTC
MUTB-RCTCTAGAGGATCCCCAACATTCACAGTTCGTGGCCGAGG
CCR2-FCCGGTTGGTAGGATCCACATGTGAAGGAAATCCTGGACGCG
CCR2-RTCAGGCAGGACCGTCATCCTCCTTATCAGACGTTGCGG
pMCM-FTAAGGAGGATGACGGTCCTGCCTGA
pMCM-RATGTGGATCCTACCAACCGG
APR-FGTGCAATACGAATGGCGAAA
APR-RTCAGCCAATCGACTGGCGAG
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利用代谢工程技术强化肉桂地链霉菌莫能菌素的生物合成
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刘旻炜 1, 2 , 张善飞 1, 2, * , 黄子瑄 1, 2 , 邢浩博 1, 2 , 孙付保 1, 2, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(9): 3521-3532
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(9): 3521-3532
利用代谢工程技术强化肉桂地链霉菌莫能菌素的生物合成
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刘旻炜1, 2, 张善飞1, 2, * , 黄子瑄1, 2, 邢浩博1, 2, 孙付保1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 江南大学 生物工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
  • 2 江南大学 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122
Metabolic engineering of Streptomyces cinnamonensis enhances biosynthesis of monensin
Minwei LIU1, 2, Shanfei ZHANG1, 2, * , Zixuan HUANG1, 2, Haobo XING1, 2, Fubao SUN1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2024-06-19 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240178
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【目的】莫能菌素(monensin)是由肉桂地链霉菌(Streptomyces cinnamonensis)产生的聚醚类抗生素。本研究以肉桂地链霉菌2110为研究材料,利用代谢工程技术开展其重要前体甲基丙二酰CoA合成途径强化的研究,以此提高莫能菌素产量。【方法】首先过表达巴豆酰CoA还原酶(crotonyl-CoA reductase, CCR)强化乙酰乙酰CoA途径,接着过表达甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶(methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, MCM)强化琥珀酰CoA途径,最后串联过表达CCR和MCM并评估工程菌株的发酵性能。【结果】过表达CCR能促进菌体生长,同时提高莫能菌素产量,摇瓶发酵10 d后过表达菌株的生物量和发酵效价分别提高10.4%和19.0%;过表达MCM未能促进菌体生长,但提高了莫能菌素产量,过表达菌株摇瓶发酵10 d时效价提升9.9%;串联过表达CCR和MCM也使菌株的生物量和发酵效价提高,工程菌株2110-CCR-MCM在摇瓶发酵10 d时生物量和发酵效价分别提升9.4%和26.8%,在5 L罐上发酵6 d时达到最高的生物量和发酵效价分别为54.6 g/L和11.3 kU/mL,比原始菌株分别增加12.7%和36.2%。【结论】CCR和MCM的确介导了莫能菌素生物合成的关键代谢途径,串联过表达CCR和MCM更有效地促进了莫能菌素的合成。本研究为其他聚酮类化合物高产工程菌株的构建提供技术借鉴。

肉桂地链霉菌  /  莫能菌素  /  巴豆酰CoA还原酶  /  甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶  /  前体供应  /  串联过表达

[Objective] Monensin is a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. To enhance the production of monensin by microbial fermentation, we employed metabolic engineering to strengthen the synthesis pathway of the key precursor methylmalonyl-CoA in S. cinnamonensis 2110. [Methods] Firstly, crotonyl-CoA reductase (CCR) was overexpressed to strengthen the acetoacetyl-CoA pathway. Subsequently, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) was overexpressed to improve the succinyl-CoA pathway. Finally, an engineered strain with tandem overexpression of CCR and MCM was constructed and evaluated for the fermentation performance. [Results] The overexpression of CCR increased the strain biomass and monensin titer by 10.4% and 19.0%, respectively, after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. The overexpression of MCM increased the monensin titer by 9.9%, whereas it did not increase the strain biomass after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. The tandem overexpression of CCR and MCM increased the biomass and monensin titer by 9.4% and 26.8%, respectively, after 10 days of shake-flask fermentation. In a 5 L bioreactor, the engineered strain 2110-CCR-MCM reached the highest biomass of 54.6 g/L and monensin titer of 11.3 kU/mL, which increased by 12.7% and 36.2%, respectively, compared with those of the starting strain 2110. [Conclusion] CCR and MCM mediated the key metabolic pathway of monensin biosynthesis in S. cinnamonensis, and the overexpression of CCR and MCM was highly favorable for monensin synthesis. This study provides technical reference for the engineering of strains with high yields of other polyketides.

Streptomyces cinnamonensis  /  monensin  /  crotonoyl-CoA reductase  /  methylmalonyl-CoA mutase  /  precursor supply  /  tandem overexpression
刘旻炜, 张善飞, 黄子瑄, 邢浩博, 孙付保. 利用代谢工程技术强化肉桂地链霉菌莫能菌素的生物合成. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3521 -3532 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240178
Minwei LIU, Shanfei ZHANG, Zixuan HUANG, Haobo XING, Fubao SUN. Metabolic engineering of Streptomyces cinnamonensis enhances biosynthesis of monensin[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3521 -3532 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240178
莫能菌素(monensin),又称莫能霉素,是由肉桂地链霉菌(Streptomyces cinnamonensis)发酵产生的一种具有五环单羧酸多醚结构的聚醚类抗生素,主要成分为莫能菌素A和B。从20世纪70年代上市以来,莫能菌素作为显著杀灭鸡、兔、牛、羊等畜禽体内球虫的首选抗球虫药物,也被用作促进畜禽生长发育的饲料添加剂,而且在组织内几乎无残留[1-2]。近年来,莫能菌素还被发现具有广泛的抗肿瘤、抗癌活性,有望成为抗肿瘤抗癌的新型药物[3]。莫能菌素具备高效低毒、绿色安全、不易产生耐药性等优势,在农业、医药等领域已凸显出重要的应用价值。
然而,莫能菌素发酵生产普遍存在发酵水平低、生产周期长、生产成本高等问题,因此通过代谢工程改善莫能菌素生产菌的发酵性能以提高莫能菌素产量,是解决现行发酵生产中这些问题的有效途径[4]。随着现代生物技术的蓬勃发展,莫能菌素的生物合成途径及基因调控逐渐清晰:其主要由模块化的Ⅰ型聚酮合酶催化合成,同时需要丙二酰CoA (衍生自乙酰CoA)、甲基丙二酰CoA和乙基丙二酰CoA (衍生自丁酰CoA)的共同参与[5],其中甲基丙二酰CoA作为莫能菌素生物合成过程中的一个限制因素[6]。甲基丙二酰CoA的生物合成途径较为复杂(图1),主要来源于琥珀酰CoA经过甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶(methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, MCM)催化形成[7]、丙酰CoA经过丙酰CoA羧化酶(propionyl-CoA carboxylase, PCC)羧化形成[8]、缬氨酸分解产生异丁酰CoA的多步氧化生成[9]、乙酰乙酰CoA的多步转化生成[10-11]等4种途径(图1)。在很多细菌中,甲基丙二酰CoA主要来自甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶催化的琥珀酰CoA途径[12]。Reeves等[13]通过中断红霉素产生菌糖多孢红霉菌中的甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶,突变菌在碳水化合物(如葡萄糖)作为碳源的培养基中红霉素产量提高126%,而在豆油作为碳源的培养基中红霉素产量却降低了66%,结果表明了甲基丙二酰CoA合成与培养基成分是密切相关的。Li等[11]研究发现肉桂地链霉菌在含油培养基的发酵过程中,巴豆酰CoA还原酶(crotonyl-CoA reductase, CCR)在为生物合成莫能菌素提供甲基丙二酰CoA前体方面起着重要作用。此外,代谢工程在提高其他聚酮化合物生产方面也已得到有效应用。孔德真等[14]在褐黄孢链霉菌中通过同时过表达乙酰CoA合成酶和甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶,使纳他霉素产量提高66%。类似地,Lu等[15]在白色链霉菌中通过巴豆酰CoA还原酶基因的过表达,使盐霉素产量提高24%。由此可见,前体合成途径中的关键酶可成为代谢工程改造的靶标来增强目标产物前体物质的生物合成,以此促进产量的提升。
本研究利用代谢工程技术开展肉桂地链霉菌发酵生产莫能菌素的重要前体——甲基丙二酰CoA的研究。首先通过过表达CCR强化乙酰乙酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成途径,接着过表达MCM强化琥珀酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成途径,最后串联过表达CCR和MCM并评估工程菌株的发酵性能,为莫能菌素工业高产菌株的构建提供新的方向。
本研究所使用菌株和质粒见表1
高氏培养基(g/L):可溶性淀粉20.0,KNO3 1.0,K2HPO4 0.5,MgSO4 0.5,FeSO4 0.01,NaCl 0.5,琼脂粉30.0,用于培养链霉菌。LB培养基(g/L):胰蛋白胨10.0,酵母提取物5.0,NaCl 5.0,固体培养基加入1.5%琼脂粉,pH 7.0,用于培养大肠杆菌。SM培养基(g/L):葡萄糖10.0,蛋白胨4.0,酵母提取物4.0,KH2PO4 0.2,K2HPO4 0.4,MgSO4 0.05,pH 7.2,用于培养链霉菌菌丝体。MS培养基(g/L):黄豆饼粉20.0,甘露醇10.0,琼脂粉20.0,pH 7.2,用于链霉菌与大肠杆菌属间接合转移。2×YT培养基(g/L):胰蛋白胨16.0,酵母提取物10.0,NaCl 5.0,pH 7.2,用于接合转移时链霉菌孢子的悬浮。种子培养基及发酵培养基参考文献[17]配制。
安普霉素(100 mg/mL in H2O)、卡那霉素(100 mg/mL in H2O)、氯霉素(100 mg/mL in ethanol absolute)、萘啶酮酸(25 mg/mL in 0.15 mol/L NaOH)作为储备液于−20 ℃保存。在LB培养基中,安普霉素的使用浓度为50 μg/mL,卡那霉素为25 μg/mL,氯霉素为20 μg/mL。在高氏培养基和MS培养基中,安普霉素的使用浓度为30 μg/mL,萘啶酮酸为20 μg/mL。
2×Super Pfx Master Mix、One Step Seamless Cloning Mix购自江苏康为世纪生物科技股份有限公司;2×Rapid Taq Master Mix购自南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;莫能菌素标准品购自上海泰坦科技股份有限公司;细菌基因组提取试剂盒、质粒DNA小提试剂盒、DNA胶回收试剂盒均购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司。
链霉菌基因组的提取、大肠杆菌质粒的提取、PCR产物的纯化均按照试剂盒说明书进行。感受态细胞的制备和质粒转化等操作参考文献[18]。PCR反应体系(50 μL):2×Super Pfx Master Mix 25 μL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各2.5 μL,模板DNA (100 ng/μL) 2 μL,ddH2O 18 μL。PCR反应条件:98 ℃预变性3 min;98 ℃变性10 s,T退火30 s (T由引物的熔解温度Tm计算);72 ℃延伸ts (ts由所扩增片段长度和酶的扩增效率计算),30个循环;72 ℃终延伸10 min。引物合成、DNA测序由天霖生物科技(上海)有限公司完成。本研究所用引物见表2
巴豆酰CoA还原酶过表达质粒pCCR的构建:以S. cinnamonensis 2110基因组DNA为模板,以引物对CCR1-F/CCR1-R扩增巴豆酰CoA还原酶基因(ccr);以质粒pIB139为模板,引物对pIB139-F/pIB139-R反向PCR扩增制备线性化载体。按照无缝克隆试剂盒说明书将带有同源臂的片段与载体进行连接,转化至E. coli DH5α,挑取转化子提取质粒进行PCR验证是否含有目的基因,获得质粒pCCR。
甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶过表达质粒pMCM的构建:甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶有2个亚基,分别由mutAmutB这2个基因编码[19]。以S. cinnamonensis 2110基因组DNA为模板,以引物对MUTA-F/MUTA-R扩增基因mutA,引物对MUTB-F/MUTB-R扩增基因mutB;以质粒pIB139为模板,使用引物对pIB139-F/pIB139-R反向扩增制备线性化载体。将带有同源臂的2个片段与载体进行连接转化,提取质粒进行PCR验证,获得质粒pMCM。
巴豆酰CoA还原酶与甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶串联过表达质粒pCAB的构建:以S. cinnamonensis 2110基因组DNA为模板,以引物对CCR2-F/CCR2-R扩增基因ccr;以质粒pMCM为模板,引物对pMCM-F/pMCM-R反向PCR扩增制备线性化载体。将片段与载体连接转化后提取质粒进行PCR验证,获得质粒pCAB。
将构建好的重组质粒转化至供体菌ET12567(pUZ8002),与S. cinnamonensis 2110进行属间接合转移[18],30 ℃培养18 h,使用安普霉素和萘啶酮酸进行覆盖,30 ℃继续培养5 d即可挑取接合子提取基因组,以引物对APR-F/APR-R验证基因组中是否含有重组质粒携带的抗性基因aac(3)IV,获得重组菌株。将重组菌株在无抗培养基上松弛培养两代至充分产孢,选取生长状况良好的菌株保存用于后续研究。
摇瓶发酵:将链霉菌划线于高氏平板上,30 ℃培养7 d。挑取单菌落至种子培养基(装液量100 mL/500 mL摇瓶),30 ℃、200 r/min培养24 h,将种子液按10%接种量转接至发酵培养基(装液量50 mL/500 mL摇瓶),30 ℃、200 r/min培养10 d。
发酵罐发酵:培养基配方参考摇瓶发酵,5 L发酵罐装液量为3 L,接种量10%。培养温度33 ℃、转速500 r/min、通气量3 L/min,溶氧控制在30%左右。
莫能菌素效价测定采用香草醛显色法[20](回归方程y=0.019 3x+0.034 8,R2=0.999 6)。葡萄糖浓度使用生物传感分析仪进行测定[17],生物量测定采用干重法[21]
通过同源重组方式构建巴豆酰CoA还原酶过表达菌株2110-CCR,如图2所示。按照1.3方法首先扩增出ccr和线性化载体,大小分别为1 402 bp和5 923 bp (图2A)。接着将上述片段及载体纯化后进行连接转化,对转化子提取质粒进行PCR验证,结果如图2B所示,该条带符合目的基因大小(1 402 bp),表明质粒pCCR构建成功。之后将重组质粒进行测序以进一步验证其正确性。最后将重组质粒pCCR转入原始菌株2110中,挑选4个转化子提取基因组并PCR验证抗性基因aac(3)IV。结果如图2C所示,条带理论大小为777 bp,符合预期,表明过表达质粒pCCR成功整合到肉桂地链霉菌染色体上。
通过摇瓶发酵来验证过表达菌株2110-CCR的发酵性能,结果如图2D所示。过表达菌株2110-CCR和原始菌株2110的生长趋势基本一致:在发酵前期菌体快速生长,迅速进入对数生长期;第4天开始进入稳定期,此时莫能菌素开始大量合成。与原始菌株2110相比,过表达菌株2110-CCR生长快速,生物量为46.2 g/L,提高了10.4%;过表达菌株发酵性能也得以明显提升,发酵10 d效价达到8.5 kU/mL,提高了19.0%。研究表明乙酰乙酰CoA途径中巴豆酰CoA还原酶的确在肉桂地链霉菌生长代谢过程中起着关键作用,过表达CCR以提高甲基丙二酰CoA前体供应是有效的,其在促进菌体快速生长繁殖的同时也导致莫能菌素产量的提升。此外,过表达菌株2110-CCR的单位菌体效价(183.5 kU/g)也明显高于原始菌株(170.2 kU/g),这表明莫能菌素效价的提高不是单纯依靠菌体生物量增加而达到的,过表达CCR的确增加了肉桂地链霉菌的莫能菌素发酵鲁棒性。
本研究通过同源重组方式构建甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶过表达菌株2110-MCM,如图3所示。按照1.3方法首先扩增出mutAmutB和线性化载体,大小分别为1 888、2 238和5 923 bp (图3A)。接着将上述片段及载体纯化后进行连接转化,提取质粒进行PCR验证,结果如图3B所示。该条带符合mutA-mutB片段大小(4 101 bp),表明质粒pMCM构建成功。之后将重组质粒送去测序。最后将重组质粒pMCM转入原始菌株2110中,挑选4个转化子提取基因组并PCR验证抗性基因aac(3)IV。结果如图3C所示,条带符合预期(777 bp),表明过表达质粒pMCM成功整合到肉桂地链霉菌染色体上。
在添加豆油作为碳源的培养基中,来自于三羧酸循环的琥珀酰CoA经过MCM催化生成甲基丙二酰CoA,有利于聚酮化合物的合成[13]。通过摇瓶发酵来验证过表达菌株2110-MCM的发酵性能,结果如图3D所示。发酵至第10天,两株菌的生物量达到最高,此时莫能菌素的效价达到最大值。在菌体生长无明显差异的情况下,过表达菌株2110-MCM发酵10 d效价达到7.8 kU/mL,较原始菌株2110提升9.9%。研究表明MCM主要在肉桂地链霉菌次级代谢过程中起关键作用,过表达MCM能够提高甲基丙二酰CoA前体供应,从而促进莫能菌素的合成。
在上述甲基丙二酰CoA合成途径的遗传改造中,通过过表达CCR加强乙酰乙酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成过程,或者过表达MCM加强琥珀酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成过程,均能获得莫能菌素产量的增加。为了确定两种途径的联合改造能否协同提升莫能菌素的产量,将CCR与MCM进行串联过表达。按照1.3方法扩增出ccr和线性化载体,大小分别为1 407 bp和9 992 bp (图4A)。将上述片段及载体纯化后进行连接转化,提取质粒进行PCR验证。如图4B所示,该条带符合目的基因大小(1 407 bp),表明质粒pCCR构建成功。随后将重组质粒进行测序分析,将确认无误的重组质粒pCAB转入原始菌株2110中。挑选5个转化子,提取基因组并PCR验证抗性基因aac(3)IV。结果图4C所示,条带符合预期,表明过表达质粒pCAB成功整合到肉桂地链霉菌染色体上。
通过摇瓶发酵验证过表达菌株2110-CCR-MCM的发酵性能,结果如图4D所示。2株菌在发酵第10天时生物量达到最高,此时莫能菌素效价达到最大值。其中串联过表达菌株2110-CCR-MCM的生物量为45.8 g/L,较原始菌株2110提升了9.4%;发酵效价达到9.0 kU/mL,较2110提升了26.8%。与2110-CCR相比,效价提升6.6%,生物量并无明显差异;与2110-MCM相比,效价提升15.4%,生物量提升10.2%。研究表明两种途径的联合加强可以进一步提升肉桂地链霉菌的发酵性能,从而导致莫能菌素发酵效价的提高。
在发酵罐水平上进一步评估过表达菌株2110-CCR、2110-MCM和2110-CCR-MCM的发酵性能,结果如图5所示。与原始菌株2110相比,3株过表达菌株在糖耗方面并无明显差异,但过表达菌株2110-CCR和2110-CCR-MCM的生物量在发酵全程均高于原始菌株,最大生物量分别为54.9 g/L和54.6 g/L,分别提高了13.3%和12.7%,而2110-MCM与原始菌株在生长上无明显差异。在发酵效价方面,3株过表达菌株和原始菌株变化趋势一致:在发酵3 d后进入莫能菌素快速合成阶段,在第6天效价达到最高值,分别为10.5、9.2、11.3 kU/mL,较原始菌株相应提高26.6%、11.9%、36.2%。就这些过表达菌株而言,串联过表达菌株2110-CCR-MCM与过表达菌株2110-MCM相比,生物量和效价均明显提升,分别提高10.0%和21.8%。这与前面的摇瓶发酵结果相一致,再次证明巴豆酰CoA还原酶在肉桂地链霉菌生长代谢过程中起着关键作用,过表达CCR能够在促进菌体快速生长繁殖的同时提升莫能菌素产量。该串联过表达菌株与过表达菌株2110-CCR相比,生物量上并无明显差异,但发酵效价提升7.6%。这也与前面摇瓶发酵结果是一致的,再次证明甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶主要在肉桂地链霉菌次级代谢产物合成方面发挥积极作用。此外,这些数据也表明,巴豆酰CoA还原酶介导的乙酰乙酰CoA途径与甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶催化的琥珀酰CoA途径相比,前者可能对甲基丙二酰CoA合成具有更大的贡献,从而导致了更高的莫能菌素产量。毫无疑问,联合两种途径更有效地提高了肉桂地链霉菌生长代谢能力,从而导致其快速生长繁殖和莫能菌素发酵效价的提高。
甲基丙二酰CoA是模块化Ⅰ型聚酮合酶最常见的前体之一,其水平的变化会影响发酵过程中莫能菌素的产量[22]。已有资料显示,肉桂地链霉菌在含油培养基中培养时,CCR介导的途径贡献了大多数莫能菌素合成所需的甲基丙二酰CoA;这一途径较为复杂:脂肪酸β氧化产物乙酰CoA首先形成乙酰乙酰CoA,随后经过多步反应生成甲基丙二酰CoA,其中涉及到CCR催化巴豆酰CoA生成丁酰CoA的过程[11]。另外,也有研究显示莫能菌素生物合成的另一种前体乙基丙二酰CoA主要由CCR催化的丁酰CoA羧化而成,该前体经过一系列中间步骤最终又生成了甲基丙二酰CoA[23-24]。这些研究表明,CCR介导的甲基丙二酰CoA合成途径在莫能菌素生物合成途径中起着关键作用。此外,甲基丙二酰CoA合成的另一个重要前体是三羧酸循环的中间产物琥珀酰CoA;这是因为琥珀酰CoA在MCM催化下能生成(2R)-甲基丙二酰CoA,随后在异构酶作用下转变为(2S)-甲基丙二酰CoA,从而有助于后续聚酮链的延伸[25]。由此可见,MCM通过参与琥珀酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成,从而在莫能菌素生物合成过程中具有重要作用。
本研究利用代谢工程手段,通过过表达CCR强化乙酰乙酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成途径,提升莫能菌素的产量(在摇瓶与5 L罐水平分别较原始菌株提高19.0%和26.6%)。本研究还通过过表达MCM强化琥珀酰CoA到甲基丙二酰CoA的合成途径,最终提高了菌株的莫能菌素合成(在摇瓶与5 L罐水平分别较原始菌株提高和9.9%和11.9%),这与前人研究报道是一致的[13, 26]
在本研究中,我们观察到肉桂地链霉菌中过表达CCR比MCM对莫能菌素产量的贡献更大,推测认为CCR介导的乙酰乙酰CoA途径比MCM介导的琥珀酰CoA途径更有助于甲基丙二酰CoA前体的供应。CCR和MCM串联过表达通过加强这两种代谢途径,从而为莫能菌素合成提供了更多的甲基丙二酰CoA前体,导致工程菌株的莫能菌素产量在摇瓶和发酵罐水平比原始菌株分别增加了近30.0%和40.0%,结果表明CCR和MCM在莫能菌素合成中可能发挥了协同作用。尽管目前尚未全面地研究CCR和MCM串联过表达的表达比例对产量的影响,但我们推测,通过调控这两个酶的表达水平以达到最优表达比例,对增强莫能菌素的生物合成至关重要。未来我们将采用代谢流分析技术探索并控制CCR和MCM的表达,进而优化甲基丙二酰CoA的供应,并推动莫能菌素生产的最大化,同时揭示代谢途径中关键酶表达比例调控的深层机制。此外,鉴于甲基丙二酰CoA的合成与培养基成分密切相关[13],培养基优化可能是提高甲基丙二酰CoA供应量进而增强莫能菌素生物合成的另一重要研究方向。总之,本研究不仅为莫能菌素的工业化生产提供新策略,对于其他聚酮类化合物的菌株构建也具有重要的指导意义。
  • 国家自然科学基金(21776114)
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2024年第64卷第9期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240178
  • 接收时间:2024-03-21
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-06-19
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-21
  • 录用日期:2024-06-17
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National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776114)
国家自然科学基金(21776114)
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    1 江南大学 生物工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
    2 江南大学 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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