Article(id=1241783825919972003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240097, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1707148800000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1711641600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-03-29, onlineDate=1773993935327, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1712073600000, pubDateStr=2024-04-03, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773993935327, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773993935327, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773993935327, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241783822560334490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='9', pageStart='3091', pageEnd='3558', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773993934526, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773994132256, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241784651996528680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241783822560334490, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3238, endPage=3252, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241783826649780909, articleId=1241783825919972003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Multiomics analysis of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and functional validation of microcin, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To compare the metabolism and transcription between the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) and the model strains, thus providing a reference for the engineering and promoting the application of the food-safe strain EcN. [Methods] The genome and transcriptome were compared between EcN and model strains BL21(DE3) and W3110 by software, and plasmids were constructed to verify the differences. EcN-derived microcin was expressed in BL21(DE3) and the antibacterial effect of microcin was verified. [Results] A total of 904 differentially coding genes were identified. The differences in carbon source absorption and utilization of different strains were verified by experiments with different carbon sources as substrates. The expression of the promoter Pflic confirmed the differences in transcription among different strains. The recombinant strain of microcin showed an increase of 30.3% in the inhibition rate after 12 h of culture. [Conclusion] This study clarifies the metabolic characteristics of EcN and confirms the differences in transcription between EcN and model strains. Moreover, this study provides ideas for the development of microcin as a narrow-spectrum therapeutic drug to inhibit intestinal pathogens and reduce intestinal bacterial blooms.

, correspAuthors=Meijuan XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*XU Meijuan, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiabing TANG, Ying ZHANG, Jiawei YE, Xian ZHANG, Zhiming RAO, Meijuan XU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241783835097109350, articleId=1241783825919972003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的多组学分析及其产微菌素的功能验证, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】探究益生大肠杆菌Nissle 1917 (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, EcN)与模式菌株的代谢及转录差异,为构建工程菌株EcN提供参考,进一步推动食品安全菌株EcN的应用。【方法】软件分析比较EcN和模式菌株BL21(DE3)、W3110的基因组、转录组差异,并通过质粒构建表达验证;在BL21(DE3)中质粒表达EcN来源的微菌素(microcin)并进行抑菌效果验证。【结果】共挖掘出904个差异编码基因。同时以不同碳源为底物分析验证了不同菌株在碳源吸收利用方面的差异,以启动子Pflic在不同菌株中的表达情况验证了转录调控上的差异;最终构建的微菌素重组菌株在培养12 h时,抑菌率提高了30.3%。【结论】研究一定程度上阐明了EcN的代谢特性及其与模式菌株的转录差异,并为微菌素作为窄谱治疗药物来抑制肠道病原体和减少肠细菌水华的研究提供了思路。

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Cell Metabolism, 2023, 35 (1):134-149., articleTitle=Microenvironmental ammonia enhances T cell exhaustion in colorectal cancer, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1242902982589793173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=32270036, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270036), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902982698845080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=32270036, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32270036), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902982837257125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=32070035, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070035), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902982996640683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=32070035, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32070035), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902983151829939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=2023YFD1300700, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1300700), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902983327990717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=2023YFD1300700, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300700), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902983474791365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=JUSRP221012, language=EN, fundingSource=Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP221012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902983629980623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=JUSRP221012, language=CN, fundingSource=中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP221012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902985169290195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=JUSRP622022, language=EN, fundingSource=Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622022), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902987174167519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=JUSRP622022, language=CN, fundingSource=中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP622022), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902987350328295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=KLIB-KF202305, language=EN, fundingSource=Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education(KLIB-KF202305), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1242902987492934639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, awardId=KLIB-KF202305, language=CN, fundingSource=工业生物技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(KLIB-KF202305), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1242902968509514040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902968538874170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, companyId=1242902968509514040, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1242902968551457083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, companyId=1242902968509514040, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=江南大学 生物工程学院, 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1242902976684212881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Gene island prediction and genomic alignment of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), W3110 and Nissle 1917 with Mauve. A: Gene island prediction. B: Genomic alignment., figureFileSmall=uLEBs/w/1npQgSmc4n87Zg==, figureFileBig=B/ppO/F7m2xCcl1sRXdmgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902976776487574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=图1, caption=  大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)、W3110、EcN基因岛预测及基因组比对, figureFileSmall=uLEBs/w/1npQgSmc4n87Zg==, figureFileBig=B/ppO/F7m2xCcl1sRXdmgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902976893928093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Enrichment analysis of differential proteins in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), W3110 and EcN. A: Quantity analysis of differential proteins. B: Protein cluster analysis lacking in EcN., figureFileSmall=Zj9TYDG2wfJJZhwnaUCvgQ==, figureFileBig=wBg70bYFB+55G1wo9YnzGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902977070088869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=图2, caption=大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)和W3110及EcN差异蛋白的富集分析, figureFileSmall=Zj9TYDG2wfJJZhwnaUCvgQ==, figureFileBig=wBg70bYFB+55G1wo9YnzGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902977187529391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Growth of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), W3110 and EcN. A: Growth curves-with xylose as carbon source. B: Growth curves-with glucose as carbon source. C: Growth curves-with glycerol as carbon source. D: Consumption rate of xylose. E: Transcription level of genes about xylose absorption., figureFileSmall=6PkOxro4HgIqD/5V+MFFlA==, figureFileBig=PJBH7YN6yMTVaiPpXHo3CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902977288192691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=图3, caption=大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)、W3110、EcN生长情况, figureFileSmall=6PkOxro4HgIqD/5V+MFFlA==, figureFileBig=PJBH7YN6yMTVaiPpXHo3CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902977745371840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Validation through fluorescent protein. A: Gene cluster of flagellar and microcin. B: Curves of fluorescence intensity. C: Transcription levels of fliC. D: Transcription levels of microcin in basic medium and iron-rich medium. E: Transcription levels of microcin at different growth stages., figureFileSmall=BZpzHpkBfVKFE/Aghsi9zA==, figureFileBig=OHjW3JSKOa6mtNBEa8KPzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902978009613006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=图4, caption=荧光蛋白表达验证启动子表达水平, figureFileSmall=BZpzHpkBfVKFE/Aghsi9zA==, figureFileBig=OHjW3JSKOa6mtNBEa8KPzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902978156413658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Verification of antibacterial effect of recombinant bacteria. A: Schematic diagram of plasmids construction. B: Growth curves of co-cultured indicator strains. C: Growth curves of co-cultured indicator strains., figureFileSmall=rWy8FRxpDwRC7CVNMlxozg==, figureFileBig=eZuKcPbw7b7m0pgkYQ5kiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902978437432033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=图5, caption=重组菌抑菌效果验证, figureFileSmall=rWy8FRxpDwRC7CVNMlxozg==, figureFileBig=eZuKcPbw7b7m0pgkYQ5kiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1242902978559066861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Strains and plasmids used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
菌株和质粒
Strains and plasmids
特征
Features
来源
Source
菌株Strains
  Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)E. coli str. B F ompT gal dcm lon hsdSB(rB mB) 𝜆(DE3 [lacI lacUV5-T7p07 ind1 sam7 nin5]) [malB+]Lab stock
  Escherichia coli W3110F λ rph-1 INV (rrnD, rrnE)Lab stock
  Escherichia coli Nissle 1917Wild type EcN; serotype O6:K5:H1Lab stock
质粒Plasmids
  pXMJ-19Shuttle vector, His-tag, ChlRLab stock
  p19-MkateA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mkate geneThis study
  p19-mcmIAA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mcmIA geneThis study
  p19-mchIBA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mchIB geneThis study
), ArticleFig(id=1242902978689090297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究所用的菌株和质粒

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
菌株和质粒
Strains and plasmids
特征
Features
来源
Source
菌株Strains
  Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)E. coli str. B F ompT gal dcm lon hsdSB(rB mB) 𝜆(DE3 [lacI lacUV5-T7p07 ind1 sam7 nin5]) [malB+]Lab stock
  Escherichia coli W3110F λ rph-1 INV (rrnD, rrnE)Lab stock
  Escherichia coli Nissle 1917Wild type EcN; serotype O6:K5:H1Lab stock
质粒Plasmids
  pXMJ-19Shuttle vector, His-tag, ChlRLab stock
  p19-MkateA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mkate geneThis study
  p19-mcmIAA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mcmIA geneThis study
  p19-mchIBA derivative of pXMJ-19, harboring the mchIB geneThis study
), ArticleFig(id=1242902978827502338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primers nameSequences (5′→3′)
p19-1ACATCGATAAAGCTTGGCTGTTTTGGCGGATGAGAGAAGATTTTC
p19-2CAGAATATTTGCCAGAACCGTTATGATG
p19-Mkate-1GTTGACGGCGATTGAGCCGAC
p19-Mkate-2CCTTAGTAAGTATTTTTCAAAAAATGGC
p19-Mkate-3TTGAAAAATACTTACTAAGGATGCTATCCGAATTGATCAAGGAA
p19-Mkate-4CAGCCAAGCTTTATCGATGTCCGAGTTTAGACGGCAGATCGCAGT
mchIB-1ATGAGTTATAAAAAACTGTCCC
mchIB-2TTAGCTACCGCCACCAGCAGAAGAACTG
mcmIA-1CTATTTAAAATCCACTGGTGTAACTTTGTAAG
mcmIA-2TTAACTTCCACTCCCCGCAGACGAA
), ArticleFig(id=1242902978957525777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

本研究所用的引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primers nameSequences (5′→3′)
p19-1ACATCGATAAAGCTTGGCTGTTTTGGCGGATGAGAGAAGATTTTC
p19-2CAGAATATTTGCCAGAACCGTTATGATG
p19-Mkate-1GTTGACGGCGATTGAGCCGAC
p19-Mkate-2CCTTAGTAAGTATTTTTCAAAAAATGGC
p19-Mkate-3TTGAAAAATACTTACTAAGGATGCTATCCGAATTGATCAAGGAA
p19-Mkate-4CAGCCAAGCTTTATCGATGTCCGAGTTTAGACGGCAGATCGCAGT
mchIB-1ATGAGTTATAAAAAACTGTCCC
mchIB-2TTAGCTACCGCCACCAGCAGAAGAACTG
mcmIA-1CTATTTAAAATCCACTGGTGTAACTTTGTAAG
mcmIA-2TTAACTTCCACTCCCCGCAGACGAA
), ArticleFig(id=1242902979095937822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparation of genomic information among three strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsTotal length (bp)ACGTG+C content (%)
Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)4 529 4131 115 1311 152 1231 148 9221 113 23750.80
E. coli W31104 625 1461 138 6721 173 2161 175 9691 137 28950.79
E. coli Nissle 19175 441 1211 346 8671 379 0701 372 9731 342 21150.58
), ArticleFig(id=1242902980677190439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

三种菌株的基因组信息比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsTotal length (bp)ACGTG+C content (%)
Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)4 529 4131 115 1311 152 1231 148 9221 113 23750.80
E. coli W31104 625 1461 138 6721 173 2161 175 9691 137 28950.79
E. coli Nissle 19175 441 1211 346 8671 379 0701 372 9731 342 21150.58
), ArticleFig(id=1242902980819796786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Calculation of average nucleotide identity values among three strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ANl (aligned nucleotides)E. coli Nissle 1917E. coli BL21(DE3)E. coli W3110
Escherichia coli Nissle 191797.22 (77.51)97.21 (78.16)
E. coli BL21(DE3)97.22 (88.05)99.15 (94.60)
E. coli W311097.21 (86.31)99.15 (92.42)
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981037900604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

三种菌株的平均核苷酸同一性(ANI)值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ANl (aligned nucleotides)E. coli Nissle 1917E. coli BL21(DE3)E. coli W3110
Escherichia coli Nissle 191797.22 (77.51)97.21 (78.16)
E. coli BL21(DE3)97.22 (88.05)99.15 (94.60)
E. coli W311097.21 (86.31)99.15 (92.42)
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981159535429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Calculation of OrthoANIu values and genome coverage among three strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OrthoANlu value (genome coverage)E. coli Nissle 1917E. coli BL21(DE3)E. coli W3110
Escherichia coli Nissle 191797.08 (64.10)97.00 (63.65)
E. coli BL21(DE3)97.08 (53.35)99.07 (68.04)
E. coli W311097.00 (54.11)99.07 (69.48)
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981327307602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

三种菌株的OrthoANlu值和基因组覆盖率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OrthoANlu value (genome coverage)E. coli Nissle 1917E. coli BL21(DE3)E. coli W3110
Escherichia coli Nissle 191797.08 (64.10)97.00 (63.65)
E. coli BL21(DE3)97.08 (53.35)99.07 (68.04)
E. coli W311097.00 (54.11)99.07 (69.48)
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981528634202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

The list of unique protein in carbon source utilization in EcN

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameProtein
GO: 0009401Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent Glycosphosphotransferase systemPTS 2-O-a-mannosyl-d-glycerate transporter subunit IIABC
PTS cellobiose transporter subunit IIBC
PTS fructose transporter subunit IIA
GO: 0005975Carbohydrate metabolismInactive 6-phospho-alpha-glucosidase
GO: 0008643Carbohydrate transportd-xylose transporter XylE
GO: 0006071Glycerol metabolic processesFructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase YggF
GO: 0006006Glucose metabolism processesRHS element protein
Glutathione S-transferase
Type Ⅳ secretion protein Rhs
RHS element protein
Aldose-1-epimerase
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981683823459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

EcN中碳源利用差异基因

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameProtein
GO: 0009401Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent Glycosphosphotransferase systemPTS 2-O-a-mannosyl-d-glycerate transporter subunit IIABC
PTS cellobiose transporter subunit IIBC
PTS fructose transporter subunit IIA
GO: 0005975Carbohydrate metabolismInactive 6-phospho-alpha-glucosidase
GO: 0008643Carbohydrate transportd-xylose transporter XylE
GO: 0006071Glycerol metabolic processesFructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase YggF
GO: 0006006Glucose metabolism processesRHS element protein
Glutathione S-transferase
Type Ⅳ secretion protein Rhs
RHS element protein
Aldose-1-epimerase
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981847401321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

The list of genes with missing transcriptional regulation in EcN

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameProtein
GO: 0045893Positive regulation of transcription, DNA templatingDNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator HcaR
DNA-binding transcriptional activator FeaR
GO: 0006355Transcriptional regulation, DNA templatingAntitoxin of the MqsRA toxin-antitoxin system/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor MqsA
DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator IdnR
Putative LuxR family transcriptional regulator FimZ
Protein YiiF
Putative LuxR family transcriptional regulator YqeH
GO: 0045892Transcriptional negative regulation, DNA templatingPutative transcriptional regulator BdcR
DNA-binding transcriptional activator MhpR
GO: 0006351Transcription, DNA templatesDNA-binding transcriptional regulator FrlR
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor AscG
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator YiaU
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor PuuR
DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator DicA
DNA-binding transcriptional regulator DmlR
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator YcaN
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator FrvR
Antitoxin/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor DinJ
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor ArsR
), ArticleFig(id=1242902981998396278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

EcN中转录调控缺失基因列表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameProtein
GO: 0045893Positive regulation of transcription, DNA templatingDNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator HcaR
DNA-binding transcriptional activator FeaR
GO: 0006355Transcriptional regulation, DNA templatingAntitoxin of the MqsRA toxin-antitoxin system/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor MqsA
DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator IdnR
Putative LuxR family transcriptional regulator FimZ
Protein YiiF
Putative LuxR family transcriptional regulator YqeH
GO: 0045892Transcriptional negative regulation, DNA templatingPutative transcriptional regulator BdcR
DNA-binding transcriptional activator MhpR
GO: 0006351Transcription, DNA templatesDNA-binding transcriptional regulator FrlR
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor AscG
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator YiaU
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor PuuR
DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator DicA
DNA-binding transcriptional regulator DmlR
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator YcaN
Putative DNA-binding transcriptional regulator FrvR
Antitoxin/DNA-binding transcriptional repressor DinJ
DNA-binding transcriptional repressor ArsR
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982132614012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

The list of different GO of iron absorption and transport in EcN

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameP-value
GO: 0055072Iron ion homeostasis6.79E−58
GO: 0006826Iron ion transport7.56E−14
GO: 0015891Siderophore transport1.63E−12
GO: 0033214Iron assimilation by chelation and transport0.001 3
GO: 0046872Metal ions are combined0.000 0
GO: 0008237Metallopeptidase activity4.16E−36
), ArticleFig(id=1242902982333940610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241783825919972003, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

EcN铁离子吸收运输差异GO列表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GONameP-value
GO: 0055072Iron ion homeostasis6.79E−58
GO: 0006826Iron ion transport7.56E−14
GO: 0015891Siderophore transport1.63E−12
GO: 0033214Iron assimilation by chelation and transport0.001 3
GO: 0046872Metal ions are combined0.000 0
GO: 0008237Metallopeptidase activity4.16E−36
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大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的多组学分析及其产微菌素的功能验证
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汤佳冰 , 张颖 , 叶佳微 , 张显 , 饶志明 , 徐美娟 *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(9): 3238-3252
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(9): 3238-3252
大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的多组学分析及其产微菌素的功能验证
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汤佳冰, 张颖, 叶佳微, 张显, 饶志明, 徐美娟*
作者信息
  • 江南大学 生物工程学院, 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122
Multiomics analysis of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and functional validation of microcin
Jiabing TANG, Ying ZHANG, Jiawei YE, Xian ZHANG, Zhiming RAO, Meijuan XU*
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2024-04-03 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240097
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【目的】探究益生大肠杆菌Nissle 1917 (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, EcN)与模式菌株的代谢及转录差异,为构建工程菌株EcN提供参考,进一步推动食品安全菌株EcN的应用。【方法】软件分析比较EcN和模式菌株BL21(DE3)、W3110的基因组、转录组差异,并通过质粒构建表达验证;在BL21(DE3)中质粒表达EcN来源的微菌素(microcin)并进行抑菌效果验证。【结果】共挖掘出904个差异编码基因。同时以不同碳源为底物分析验证了不同菌株在碳源吸收利用方面的差异,以启动子Pflic在不同菌株中的表达情况验证了转录调控上的差异;最终构建的微菌素重组菌株在培养12 h时,抑菌率提高了30.3%。【结论】研究一定程度上阐明了EcN的代谢特性及其与模式菌株的转录差异,并为微菌素作为窄谱治疗药物来抑制肠道病原体和减少肠细菌水华的研究提供了思路。

大肠杆菌  /  Nissle 1917  /  多组学分析  /  微菌素

[Objective] To compare the metabolism and transcription between the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) and the model strains, thus providing a reference for the engineering and promoting the application of the food-safe strain EcN. [Methods] The genome and transcriptome were compared between EcN and model strains BL21(DE3) and W3110 by software, and plasmids were constructed to verify the differences. EcN-derived microcin was expressed in BL21(DE3) and the antibacterial effect of microcin was verified. [Results] A total of 904 differentially coding genes were identified. The differences in carbon source absorption and utilization of different strains were verified by experiments with different carbon sources as substrates. The expression of the promoter Pflic confirmed the differences in transcription among different strains. The recombinant strain of microcin showed an increase of 30.3% in the inhibition rate after 12 h of culture. [Conclusion] This study clarifies the metabolic characteristics of EcN and confirms the differences in transcription between EcN and model strains. Moreover, this study provides ideas for the development of microcin as a narrow-spectrum therapeutic drug to inhibit intestinal pathogens and reduce intestinal bacterial blooms.

Escherichia coli  /  Nissle 1917  /  multiomics analysis  /  microcin
汤佳冰, 张颖, 叶佳微, 张显, 饶志明, 徐美娟. 大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的多组学分析及其产微菌素的功能验证. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3238 -3252 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240097
Jiabing TANG, Ying ZHANG, Jiawei YE, Xian ZHANG, Zhiming RAO, Meijuan XU. Multiomics analysis of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and functional validation of microcin[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (9) : 3238 -3252 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240097
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)研究历史悠久,具有明确的遗传背景,是主要的工业生产菌株之一。在工业生产中,大肠杆菌在氨基酸及其衍生物的生物合成方面表现出令人满意的能力[1-2]。然而,大肠杆菌大多为条件性病原体,存在一定的感染风险。考虑到生物安全性,研究人员更倾向于选择食品安全级菌株,如谷氨酸棒杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等,特别是在药物相关的高附加值产品生产过程中。迫切需要一株大肠杆菌菌株来打破大肠杆菌和食品安全级菌株之间的壁垒,而大肠杆菌Nissle 1917 (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, EcN)的发现带来了这种可能性[3]
EcN自1917年被分离以来,已被确认为一种益生菌[4],广泛应用于预防感染性腹泻和免疫调节。由于抗原聚合酶wzy基因点突变终止导致侧链较短,易被血清清除,缺乏同种病原菌株中普遍存在的致病因子,大量的实验证明EcN不具有致病性[3, 5-6]。此外,Brader等[7]发现,EcN作为将p53和Tum-5递送至实体瘤用于癌症治疗的靶向载体,可以通过正电子发射断层扫描(positron emission tomography, PET)和视频促进肿瘤检测。有赖于EcN菌株本身的黏附性和肿瘤靶向作用,潘秋莎等总结了研究人员在药物联用和定向给药方向对EcN的广泛开发,为抗肿瘤治疗提供新思路[5, 8]
作为一个有前途的多功能生物医学应用菌株,EcN已经得到了可预见性的长期发展。然而只有少数几个研究是通过基因组整合或质粒游离表达生产特定的产物[9-11]。我们希望通过基因组和转录组的数据比较,挖掘EcN在代谢和酶表达方向的差异,期望促使EcN工业生产化。实验常用的工业大肠杆菌菌株有W3110和BL21。缺乏recA重组酶基因和α-半乳糖的W3110更适合作为分子操作的载体进行基因组整合以生产相关产物,W3110在液体培养时可以耐受更高的菌体浓度,通常作为高密度发酵的底盘细胞进行开发和修饰[1]。以BL21(DE3)为代表的B系列由于具有T7聚合酶,能持续高效合成长片段DNA,因而在靶蛋白的表达方面具有优势。本研究选择了这2个具有代表性的菌株W3110和BL21(DE3),并将它们与EcN进行了比较。
本研究所使用的菌株、质粒如表1所示。引物合成序列如表2所示,由苏州金唯智生物科技有限公司合成。
Dpn I限制性核酸内切酶、PrimerSTAR MAX DNA聚合酶、2×Taq DNA聚合酶均购自TaKaRa Bio公司(大连);高保真酶、同源重组克隆试剂盒、感受态制备试剂盒均购自南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒、小量质粒提取试剂盒均购自上海捷瑞生物工程有限公司;氯霉素、卡那霉素、壮观霉素均购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;蛋白胨和酵母粉均购自OXOID公司;氯化钠、磷酸盐缓冲液及其他试剂均购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
LB液体培养基(g/L):酵母提取物5.0,胰蛋白胨10.0,氯化钠10.0,121 ℃灭菌15 min。LB固体培养基在LB液体培养基的基础上,额外添加琼琼脂粉2.0 g/L。
基本培养基(g/L):MgSO4 1.5,CaCl2 2.2,5×M9盐溶液12.8,KH2PO4 3.0,NaCl 0.5,NH4Cl 1.0。
使用EzBioCloud[12]软件计算平均核苷酸同一性(average nucleotide identity, ANI)。OrthoANlu值和基因组覆盖率由JSpeciesWS[13]计算。多重基因组比对的分析采用Geneious Prime Mauve插件。基因组岛(genome islands, GIs)使用在线工具进行基因岛相关信息的预测(http://www.pathogenomics.sfu.ca/islandviewer/)[14]。CRISPR-Cas系统的预测及鉴定使用CRISPRCasFinder (https://crisprcas.i2bc.paris-saclay.fr/CrisprCasFinder/)[15]进行。
挑取单菌落,接种至10 mL基本培养基中,37 ℃、150 r/min培养8−12 h,转接50 mL培养基,37 ℃、150 r/min培养2、6、12 h,4 ℃、7 000 r/min离心5 min收集菌体,去除上清培养基,液氮冷冻,送至金唯智生物科技有限公司测序获取相关数据。
利用同源重组酶试剂盒,添加片段和质粒浓度比2:1,按说明书55 ℃孵育20−40 min;10 μL上述混合物添加至100 μL转化感受态中,混合均匀,冰浴10−30 min,42 ℃热激90 s,放回冰上5 min,添加800 μL复苏培养基,放置37 ℃摇床复苏1.2 h左右,4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心5 min涂板培养过夜,PCR验证;挑选正确的转化子,过夜培养后利用提质粒试剂盒提取质粒,送至生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序验证。
OD600稀释至合适浓度(仪器检测范围,具体数值为0–1以内),酶标仪同时检测荧光强度和OD600,激发光波长为588 nm,发射光波长为635 nm,荧光强度为测定的荧光值/OD600
在37℃条件下进行平板划线培养过夜,挑取单菌落,接种至10 mL基本培养基,37 ℃、150 r/min培养8−12 h,转接至50 mL LB液体培养基,37 ℃、150 r/min培养2 h,添加0.01 mol/L IPTG,16 ℃、150 r/min培养12−14 h,收集菌体。
具体方法见参考文献[16]。
表3所示,比较了3种菌株的基因组基本信息[17-18],具体的基因序列见图1,由NCBI下载获得。EcN含有最大的基因组长度,包含更多的独特信息。ANI[19]是在核苷酸水平比较2个基因组亲缘关系的指标。ANI被定义为2个微生物基因组同源片段之间平均的碱基相似度,特点是在近缘物种之间有较高的区分度。它显示了2个基因组之间所有同源蛋白质编码基因在核苷酸水平上的相似性。利用EzBioCloud软件,本研究计算了3种菌株的G+C含量,并计算了ANI值,如表4所示。
平均核苷酸同一性(ANI)是一种模拟决策Diffie-Hellman (decisional Diffie-Hellman, DDH)的简单算法。尽管ANI被广泛用于分类和识别细菌,但与DDH一样,比较倒数计算时,2个基因组序列之间的ANI值可能彼此不同,在某些情况下超过1%。OrthoANI[20]的开发克服了与ANI算法相关的ANI倒数值存在巨大差异的问题。此外,OrthoANIu工具使用ARCH而不是BLAST进行OrthoANI计算,这增加了比较研究的数量,并大大减少了计算时间,它提供了一种更强大、更快速的方法来计算分类学目的的平均核苷酸差异。利用JSpeciesWS计算了OrthoANlu值和基因组覆盖率,与ANI数值相比,OrthoANIu的结果表现出更高的区分度:株间OrthoANIu值越高,株间亲缘关系越高。如表5所示,很明显W3110和BL21(DE3)的亲缘关系更近。
图1所示,本研究用基因组岛[21](GIs)预测软件预测了3种菌株的基因岛相关信息,并用软件Geneious Prime Mauve分析了EcN、BL21(DE3)和W3110基因组的整体情况。如图1所示,EcN相较于BL21(DE3)和W3110基因组在基因组整体和基因组岛等都出现了诸多不同。EcN的基因组更大,包含更多独特的基因组区域,同时具有大量的抗性基因和预测的基因岛——涉及到铁载体、噬菌体蛋白、转座酶、ABC转运蛋白和糖基转移酶等多个方面。此外,EcN和其他2个基因组相比发生了大量的基因重排,这会导致相同基因在不同菌株中表达水平差异。
全基因组直系同源基因簇(orthologous clusters)的分析是比较基因组学研究的重要步骤,鉴定直系同源簇之间的聚类及构建网络可以帮助解释跨多个物种的蛋白质的功能和进化关系。某一类物种全部基因泛基因组可分为3个部分,包括核心基因组(core genome)、附属基因组(accessory genome)以及特有基因(specific genes)。核心基因组即所有个体共有的保守基因家族;附属基因指存在于部分个体中的基因家族,与物种的分化有关,赋予个体竞争优势;特有基因只存在于某一个体中,通常与该个体的独特表型相关,如对特定环境的适应性或独特的致病性等[22]。比较分析某类物种的直系同源簇为了解基因组的动态、物种进化、环境适应性机制等提供了有用信息。本研究利用软件OrthoVenn进行3个菌株基因组同源基因簇比较,利用NCBI下载获得的蛋白序列进行比较分析[23]。如图2所示,EcN、BL21(DE3)、W3110共有的蛋白数量为3 421个,基本可以认为是大肠杆菌的核心基因组。当然,精确的大肠杆菌核心基因组需要更多不同种的大肠杆菌去补充筛选[24]。相较于BL21(DE3)和W3110,EcN具有631个独特的蛋白。同时,EcN也缺乏273个BL21(DE3)和W3110共有的同源蛋白。3株菌总计在145个GO分类中表现出存在独特的蛋白,其中273个BL21(DE3)和W3110共有的同源蛋白涉及到了56个GO分类,EcN具有的631个独特蛋白涉及到了115个GO分类,上述蛋白都具有明确的GO注释。
过去的研究重点关注EcN特有基因及其优势,本研究以模式菌株为模板,重点关注EcN在作为底盘细胞改造中可能遇到的问题。如图2所示,通过对相关蛋白进行基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)功能注释及富集分析,揭示了W3110和BL21(DE3)共有但在EcN菌株中缺乏的蛋白的GO功能类别的比例,包括生物过程(biological process)、分子功能(molecular function)和细胞成分(cellular component)。其中,EcN在生物过程这一类别中表现出了最多基因的缺失,包括实现模块特定生物学目标所需要的所有步骤,说明在相关的代谢路径上,EcN相较于模式菌株存在弱势。对具体的基因进行分析发现,EcN菌株在3-苯基丙酸、尿嘧啶、脂肪酸、肉碱等多个代谢路径中存在相关蛋白的缺失。在后续以EcN为底盘细胞进行代谢改造的过程中,需要尽量避免相关基因缺失造成的影响。
相关文献的调研结果表明,EcN仅应用于ω-3脂肪酸[25]、肝素[26]和5-氨基乙酰丙酸[27]的生产,EcN整体的代谢特性尚未阐明。碳源是工业发酵培养基的主要成分,是代谢合成目标产物的起始。大肠杆菌可利用多种底物作为碳源,除了葡萄糖是常见高密度发酵碳源,近年由于环保意识的增强,利用木糖、甘油进行发酵也逐渐成为热点。如表6所示,基因组的比对结果表明EcN在葡萄糖、木糖、甘油等碳源代谢路径上和工程菌株都存在多个差异基因,可能对整体的碳源吸收利用偏好性造成较大的影响。本研究分析比较了3株菌分别以木糖、甘油和葡萄糖作为碳源的生长情况,结果如图3所示。
基因组结果显示,EcN缺失XylE蛋白编码基因的大肠杆菌吸收转运木糖有2种主要方式:通过由操纵子xylFGH编码控制的ABC-transporter转运;或由xylE基因编码控制的质子/木糖共运输。虽然质子/木糖蛋白XylE (Km为63−169 μmol/L)对木糖亲和力要低于ABC-transporter (Km为0.2−4.0 μmol/L),但是ABC-transporter在转运木糖时需要消耗1分子的ATP,影响细胞的生长。XylE编码d-xylose: H(+) symporter,在肠杆菌中负责将木糖以质子依赖的方式同向转运进入细胞,同时木糖被确认是XylE唯一可以转运的底物[28]。在以木糖为单独碳源培养过程中,EcN表现出了3株菌中最高的OD600。对培养过程中木糖的消耗速率进行进一步分析发现:XylE的缺失,一定程度上影响了EcN对木糖的利用,使其表现出整体偏低的木糖消耗;同时XylE的缺失,并不影响EcN菌株本身的生长,使其OD600最终达到最高。相较于模式菌株,EcN在基本培养基中表现出了较高的xylFxylG以及xylH转录水平,表明EcN在XylE蛋白的缺失情况下,充分利用xylFxylG以及xylH编码的ABC-transporter转运利用木糖。
在分别以葡萄糖、甘油为碳源的培养过程中,在吸收利用效率及最终生物量上都表现出了W3110 > EcN > BL21(DE3)的结果。在相关的代谢路径比较中,未发现已知关键酶的缺失,但一些假定蛋白的差异可能是造成最终结果的原因,例如EcN在甘油代谢途径中YggF的缺失:大肠杆菌有2个编码Ⅱ型FBPases的基因glpXglpF (甘油转运促进剂),它们与glpK (甘油激酶)形成操纵子(glpFKX)。YggF与GlpX的序列一致性为58%,是操纵子(cmtBAyggPFDC)编码甘露醇磷酸烯醇丙酮酸依赖性转移酶(CmtBCmtA)的一部分。Zhao等研究提出了其他解释,不同菌株糖酵解途径相关基因的表达水平可能影响菌株对葡萄糖的吸收利用[29]。EcN糖酵解代谢活性水平相较于W3110偏低,可能是导致其最终生物量低于W3110的原因。
基因的转录水平和基因的缺失同样影响整条代谢通路,通过对转录调控相关基因蛋白的分析比较(表7),可以明显发现EcN中出现了多个转录调控因子的缺失,这种缺失会导致大量基因在不同的菌株中存在转录水平上的差异。
EcN、BL21(DE3)和W3110相同培养条件下的转录组数据表明,EcN在趋化性、无氧呼吸、DNA整合、菌毛这4个方面表现出特异性的高水平表达且错误发现率(false discovery rate, FDR)最低。在无氧呼吸的GO中,EcN表现出了突出的硝酸还原酶的高水平转录,硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase, NAR)对质子动力有贡献直接有助于节约能量,同时也使氮被同化成生物量,这说明EcN在厌氧环境下有较强的竞争力,在氮源利用方面可能也有相关偏好性[30]
趋化性和菌毛2个类别都与EcN生物膜形成、细胞黏附性的生物特性相关。通过表达3种菌毛(F1A、F1C和卷曲菌毛),EcN形成生物膜定殖于上皮细胞,更好地抵御致病菌的入侵,相较于模式菌株,EcN表现出了极高的菌毛、鞭毛和相关运动蛋白转录水平。其中,fliC表达量对整体鞭毛产生较大影响,细胞内FliC供应不足是造成大肠杆菌鞭毛生长停滞的重要原因,而转录组数据表明EcN保持着较高的fliC转录水平[31]。为了进一步明确转录水平上的差异,本研究选用荧光蛋白对Pflic启动子进行表征。在最近的研究中,Pfilc已被证明是在W3110中能够有效地削弱代谢通量的启动子[1, 26],其在生长前期正常表达,生长中后期表达量减少,是有效的生长调控型启动子,被广泛用于在生长后期关闭代谢通路,积累目标产物。在本研究中,利用pXMJ-19载体,选择了未经截短的启动子Pflic表达荧光蛋白Mkate,分别导入EcN和W3110,检测整个生长过程中荧光强度。结果如图4所示,2株菌荧光强度表现出相同的变化趋势,但在EcN中始终表现出较高的荧光强度。
DNA整合涉及到大量的重组酶、整合酶和转座酶,这些酶是介导细菌耐药性传播的重要可移动遗传元件[32],在介导细菌抗性基因的获得、传播扩散等方面发挥了重要作用,与EcN中存在的大量特有抗性基因岛对应,它们的基因序列往往以基因簇的方式在基因组中插入并在正常培养环境中以较低的转录水平表达。其中,表达量相对较高的是微菌素基因簇,位于基因组岛I,编码Microcin M (mcmA)、Microcin H47 (mchB)及其同源免疫基因(分别为mcmImchI)[33-34]。先前的研究表明[33],培养环境中Fe3+的浓度可能会影响微菌素相关基因的表达。通过比较基本培养基和富铁培养基中微菌素的转录水平(图4),进一步确认了铁离子和微菌素的相关性。在基本培养基中,EcN表达出更高的微菌素转录水平,是富铁培养基中的2倍左右;而在富铁培养基中,随着培养时间增长铁离子消耗,微菌素基因表达逐渐上调。
微菌素H47和M与铁螯合剂结合,被受体感应,以“特洛伊木马”的方式侵入菌体,可尝试作为窄谱治疗药物来抑制肠道病原体、减少肠杆菌细菌、黏附性侵袭性大肠杆菌和相关病原体肠道沙门氏菌水华[34-35],但相关的研究和表征还是不足。为明确2种微菌素在竞争过程中的作用效果,我们尝试在蛋白表达的优势菌株BL21(DE3)中分别表达2种微菌素的合成基因,探究其对应的抑菌效果。
图5所示,本研究利用pXMJ-19载体,构建重组质粒p19-mcmIA和p19-mchIB,将重组质粒导入到BL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达,观察重组菌的抑菌效果。由于目前的技术还难以从菌上清液中分离出微菌素[36],因此选择添加重组菌上清与指示菌株克雷伯氏菌共培养,通过检测指示菌株的生长情况验证重组菌株的抑菌效果[16]。研究发现,重组菌株BL21-p19-mcmIA对指示菌株产生一定的抑制作用,而BL21-p19-mchIB抑制效果较弱,说明在对克雷伯氏菌的竞争中mcmIA起主要的作用。此外,同源重组菌株的抑菌效果低于EcN原菌。由此得出结论,EcN是最为适合的微菌素表达载体。将质粒p19-mcmIA导入到EcN菌株中进行抑菌效果的检验,如图5所示,在培养12 h时,EcN-p19-mcmIA抑菌率提高了30.3%,表现出了更强的抑菌效果。
EcN的抑菌效果是多重机制相互作用的结果,微菌素的作用机制与铁离子的竞争息息相关[33],在微霉素编码基因前存在“Fur box”,EcN具有6种铁摄取系统——儿茶酚酸盐及其螯合物、异肟、催产素、混合铁载体、ChuA蛋白和EfeU蛋白,在与其他微生物竞争中的关键作用如表8所示,EcN在铁离子吸收运输方面表现出更多的差异GO和特有基因。
随着人们对微生物产品生物安全性的日益重视,益生菌生态网络作为代谢工程宿主具有良好的应用前景[3, 37]。本研究对EcN和实验室常用的菌株进行基因组学分析,分析比较了基因组的整体差异情况,挖掘出总计904个特有基因。利用相关软件,我们对EcN相较于模式菌株的缺失蛋白进行聚类分析,并在碳源吸收、转录调控方面与模式菌株进行了比较和分析,希望能通过进一步解析EcN与模式菌株之间的差异,推动其发展成为一种新的工业微生物底盘细胞。此外,EcN的特有基因往往以基因簇的形式在基因组上插入并表达,这些基因簇与EcN的益生机制紧密相关。本研究选取了表达量相对较高的微菌素基因簇,在BL21(DE3)中克隆表达,检验了其抑菌效果并探究可能的影响因素。相较于模式菌株,EcN多重益生机制相互作用,是目前最适合的微菌素表达载体。近年,抗生素滥用的问题引发热议,一方面导致细菌的耐药性迅速增强,另一方面导致肠道微生物环境失调,引发一系列代谢、免疫疾病,微菌素是一种潜在的传统抗生素的抗菌替代品[16]。因此,在EcN中进一步过表达微菌素,获得更强的抑菌效果,使其作为窄谱治疗药物来抑制肠道病原体和减少肠细菌不失为一个良好的选择:通过“以菌治菌”的生物拮抗作用,维持并调节肠道微生物平衡,构建生物学屏障以达到治疗的目的[38]
  • 国家自然科学基金(32270036)
  • 国家自然科学基金(32070035)
  • 国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300700)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP221012)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP622022)
  • 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(KLIB-KF202305)
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2024年第64卷第9期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240097
  • 接收时间:2024-02-06
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-04-03
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-06
  • 录用日期:2024-03-29
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270036)
国家自然科学基金(32270036)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070035)
国家自然科学基金(32070035)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1300700)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300700)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP221012)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP221012)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622022)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP622022)
Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education(KLIB-KF202305)
工业生物技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(KLIB-KF202305)
作者信息
    江南大学 生物工程学院, 工业生物技术教育部重点实验室, 江苏 无锡 214122

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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