Article(id=1241379097591468806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230790, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1703174400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1711382400000, acceptedDateStr=2024-03-26, onlineDate=1773897440574, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1720022400000, pubDateStr=2024-07-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773897440574, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773897440574, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897440574, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241379085109219745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='7', pageStart='2151', pageEnd='2582', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773897437598, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897688675, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241380138257010733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241380138257010734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2465, endPage=2478, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241379098921063212, articleId=1241379097591468806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Optimization of degradation conditions and mitigation the stress effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in cucumber rhizosphere by a strain of p-hydroxybenzoic acid degrading bacteria, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Phenolic acids autotoxic substances secreted by plant roots, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), are the main factors causing continuous cropping obstacles in plants. [Objective] In order to obtain PHBA degrading bacteria and improve its degradation efficiency. [Methods] A PHBA-degrading strain was isolated by screening medium and inorganic salt medium, and it was identified asMicrobacterium aurantiacum. The initial content of PHBA, culture temperature, pH and nitrogen source were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. [Results] The highest degradation rate was obtained when the PHBA content was 0.4 g/L, the temperature was 30 ℃, the pH was 8.0, and the nitrogen source was ammonium sulfate. The optimal degradation conditions were temperature 30.2 ℃, pH 8.3, and PHBA concentration 0.18 g/L, and the degradation rate reached 100%. Combined with pot experiments and high performance liquid chromatography, the results showed that the strain could effectively mitigate the PHBA stress effect in cucumber rhizosphere. [Conclusion] The strain ofMicrobacterium aurantiacum screened in this study has a high ability to degrade PHBA, and has the potential value in continuous cropping obstacles.

, correspAuthors=Jing FENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*FENG Jing, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Peipei WU, Xiufeng YUAN, Jing FENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241379101030797344, articleId=1241379097591468806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=一株对羟基苯甲酸降解菌的降解条件优化及缓解黄瓜根际对羟基苯甲酸胁迫效应, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

植物根系分泌的自毒物质如对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid, PHBA)等酚酸类物质是造成植物连作障碍的主要因子。【目的】获得对羟基苯甲酸降解菌并提高该降解菌的降解效率。【方法】采用筛选培养基和无机盐培养基,分离到1株PHBA降解菌株,经鉴定为橙色微杆菌(Microbacterium aurantiacum)。利用单因素试验及响应面方法对PHBA初始含量、培养温度、pH及氮源等影响菌株降解因素进行了优化。【结果】该菌株在PHBA含量为0.4 g/L,温度为30 ℃,pH值为8.0,氮源为硫酸铵时降解率最高,最佳降解条件为温度30.2 ℃,pH值8.3,PHBA浓度0.18 g/L,降解率达到100%。结合盆栽试验及高效液相色谱法得到该菌株能够有效缓解黄瓜根际PHBA胁迫效应。【结论】本研究筛选得到的菌株橙色微杆菌具有较高的PHBA降解能力,具有应用于连作障碍的潜在价值。

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=黄瓜), Keyword(id=1241445815407932098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=盆栽试验)], refs=[Reference(id=1241445822928319383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=48, issue=22, pageStart=291, pageEnd=294, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSNY202022053.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=江苏农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵静, 常继东, 郑丽君, 王志远.对羟基苯甲酸对尖孢镰刀菌生物学特性及侵染毒力的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2020,48(22):291-294., articleTitle=对羟基苯甲酸对尖孢镰刀菌生物学特性及侵染毒力的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445823079314330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, 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Nanning: Master's Thesis of Guangxi University for Nationalities, 2022 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445829546930306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=32, issue=4, pageStart=76, pageEnd=78, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CULT200904016.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=河北农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=解灵军, 尹宝重, 高峰, 齐永志, 刘雪静, 甄文超.草莓根系自毒物质降解菌的筛选及降解效果研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(4):76-78, 87., articleTitle=草莓根系自毒物质降解菌的筛选及降解效果研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445829651787909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=32, issue=4, pageStart=76, pageEnd=78, url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CULT200904016.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE LJ, YIN BZ, GAO F, QI YZ, LIU XJ, ZHEN WC.Screening of the degradation bacterium to strawberry root auto-toxic chemical and the effect of its degradation[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2009,32(4):76-78, 87 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Screening of the degradation bacterium to strawberry root auto-toxic chemical and the effect of its degradation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445829756645514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王晓辉. 西瓜自毒物质阿魏酸降解放线菌筛选及其降解效果研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文, 2011., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445829937000591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG XH. Screening of ferulic acid degrading actinomycetes and their degradation effect[D]. Yangling: Master's Thesis of Northwest A&F University, 2011 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445830029275282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴凤慧. GLY-P2促生菌降解酚酸的机制及其对黄瓜自毒作用的缓解效应[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学博士学位论文, 2020., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445830155104408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU FH. Phenolic acid degradation mechanism of growth promoting bacteria GLY-P2 and its alleviating effect on cucumber autotoxicity[D]. Tai'an: Doctoral Dissertation of Shandong Agricultural University, 2020 (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445830272544924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, doi=10.3389/fmicb.2018.01262, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=1262, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=Frontiers in Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU FH, AN YQ, AN YR, WANG XJ, CHENG ZY, ZHANG Y, HOU XW, CHEN CX, WANG L, BAI JG.Acinetobacter calcoaceticus CSY-P13 mitigates stress of ferulic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids in cucumber by affecting antioxidant enzyme activity and soil bacterial community[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2018,9:1262., articleTitle=Acinetobacter calcoaceticus CSY-P13 mitigates stress of ferulic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids in cucumber by affecting antioxidant enzyme activity and soil bacterial community, 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caption=Phylogenetic tree of strain GX14001., figureFileSmall=r1bxhOQjMpcO9xrGsfyVjg==, figureFileBig=H2CH0UXOYX6EtlMOzsC/BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445815839945430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=CN, label=图1, caption=菌株GX14001系统发育树, figureFileSmall=r1bxhOQjMpcO9xrGsfyVjg==, figureFileBig=H2CH0UXOYX6EtlMOzsC/BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445816146129631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Growth curve of strain GX14001 in inorganic salt medium., figureFileSmall=pLAbP/LaomuaUurp61Lm7g==, figureFileBig=Qu+OLXtyBE5jYZzDY6Gfww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445816368427748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=CN, label=图2, caption=菌株GX14001在无机盐培养基中的生长曲线, figureFileSmall=pLAbP/LaomuaUurp61Lm7g==, 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A:温度、pH对PHBA降解率的影响. B:温度、PHBA含量对PHBA降解率的影响. C:PHBA含量、pH对PHBA降解率的影响

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Results of the Box-Behnken test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Test numberVariablePHBA degradation rate (%)
X1: TemperatureX2: PHBA contentX3: pHActual valuesTheoretical values
1260.18.595.7296.38
2340.18.597.4298.17
3260.78.596.5395.75
4340.78.595.8595.18
5260.46.078.2579.06
6340.46.074.0274.73
7260.411.073.0972.38
8340.411.078.7577.93
9300.16.096.5395.04
10300.76.080.1080.05
11300.111.080.0980.13
12300.711.089.9991.48
13300.48.598.4898.07
14300.48.598.4198.07
15300.48.599.1398.07
16300.48.596.6298.07
17300.48.597.8198.07
), ArticleFig(id=1241445820290102116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379097591468806, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

Box-Behnken试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Test numberVariablePHBA degradation rate (%)
X1: TemperatureX2: PHBA contentX3: pHActual valuesTheoretical values
1260.18.595.7296.38
2340.18.597.4298.17
3260.78.596.5395.75
4340.78.595.8595.18
5260.46.078.2579.06
6340.46.074.0274.73
7260.411.073.0972.38
8340.411.078.7577.93
9300.16.096.5395.04
10300.76.080.1080.05
11300.111.080.0980.13
12300.711.089.9991.48
13300.48.598.4898.07
14300.48.598.4198.07
15300.48.599.1398.07
16300.48.596.6298.07
17300.48.597.8198.07
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一株对羟基苯甲酸降解菌的降解条件优化及缓解黄瓜根际对羟基苯甲酸胁迫效应
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吴佩佩 1 , 袁秀丰 2 , 丰景 1, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(7): 2465-2478
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(7): 2465-2478
一株对羟基苯甲酸降解菌的降解条件优化及缓解黄瓜根际对羟基苯甲酸胁迫效应
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吴佩佩1, 袁秀丰2, 丰景1, *
作者信息
  • 1 广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院 广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室, 广西 南宁 530000
  • 2 广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院, 广西 南宁 530000
Optimization of degradation conditions and mitigation the stress effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in cucumber rhizosphere by a strain of p-hydroxybenzoic acid degrading bacteria
Peipei WU1, Xiufeng YUAN2, Jing FENG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
  • 2 School of Marine and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
出版时间: 2024-07-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230790
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植物根系分泌的自毒物质如对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid, PHBA)等酚酸类物质是造成植物连作障碍的主要因子。【目的】获得对羟基苯甲酸降解菌并提高该降解菌的降解效率。【方法】采用筛选培养基和无机盐培养基,分离到1株PHBA降解菌株,经鉴定为橙色微杆菌(Microbacterium aurantiacum)。利用单因素试验及响应面方法对PHBA初始含量、培养温度、pH及氮源等影响菌株降解因素进行了优化。【结果】该菌株在PHBA含量为0.4 g/L,温度为30 ℃,pH值为8.0,氮源为硫酸铵时降解率最高,最佳降解条件为温度30.2 ℃,pH值8.3,PHBA浓度0.18 g/L,降解率达到100%。结合盆栽试验及高效液相色谱法得到该菌株能够有效缓解黄瓜根际PHBA胁迫效应。【结论】本研究筛选得到的菌株橙色微杆菌具有较高的PHBA降解能力,具有应用于连作障碍的潜在价值。

对羟基苯甲酸  /  橙色微杆菌  /  响应面优化  /  黄瓜  /  盆栽试验

Phenolic acids autotoxic substances secreted by plant roots, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), are the main factors causing continuous cropping obstacles in plants. [Objective] In order to obtain PHBA degrading bacteria and improve its degradation efficiency. [Methods] A PHBA-degrading strain was isolated by screening medium and inorganic salt medium, and it was identified asMicrobacterium aurantiacum. The initial content of PHBA, culture temperature, pH and nitrogen source were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. [Results] The highest degradation rate was obtained when the PHBA content was 0.4 g/L, the temperature was 30 ℃, the pH was 8.0, and the nitrogen source was ammonium sulfate. The optimal degradation conditions were temperature 30.2 ℃, pH 8.3, and PHBA concentration 0.18 g/L, and the degradation rate reached 100%. Combined with pot experiments and high performance liquid chromatography, the results showed that the strain could effectively mitigate the PHBA stress effect in cucumber rhizosphere. [Conclusion] The strain ofMicrobacterium aurantiacum screened in this study has a high ability to degrade PHBA, and has the potential value in continuous cropping obstacles.

p-hydroxybenzoic acid  /  Microbacterium aurantiacum  /  responsive surface optimization  /  cucumber  /  pot experiments
吴佩佩, 袁秀丰, 丰景. 一株对羟基苯甲酸降解菌的降解条件优化及缓解黄瓜根际对羟基苯甲酸胁迫效应. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (7) : 2465 -2478 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230790
Peipei WU, Xiufeng YUAN, Jing FENG. Optimization of degradation conditions and mitigation the stress effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in cucumber rhizosphere by a strain of p-hydroxybenzoic acid degrading bacteria[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (7) : 2465 -2478 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230790
黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)为葫芦科黄瓜属蔬菜作物,是中国主要种植的蔬菜种类之一。近年来,随着农业产业结构的调整及优化,黄瓜的种植面积不断扩大。然而,种植者过于追求产量的做法,随着种植年限的积累,使得在同一块土地上连续种植同种作物时会导致连作障碍的发生,从而引发黄瓜减产问题。导致连作障碍的因素有很多,其中植物的化感物质酚酸的自毒作用是重要因素。因此,如何消除土壤中酚酸类物质成为了生产所面临的重要问题。
在植物的生命周期中,根系起着关键的作用,它是植物与土壤直接接触的部分,负责植物对土壤物质的吸收和转移[1]。根系一方面从土壤中吸收养分和水分,另一方面也向土壤周围释放一类复杂的混合物,在这些物质中,最普遍的是低分子量的有机物,如酚类和萜类化合物[1]。酚酸类物质是引起连作障碍的主要因素。对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxybenzoic acid, PHBA)属于酚酸类化感物,它们在大自然中十分普遍,并且广泛分布在各种植被、微生物以及土壤中[2]。对羟基苯甲酸,作为一类主要的酚酸类自毒物质,常见于草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)和黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)的根系分泌物中。当作物连续种植时,其根部分泌物和植株残余的腐烂物质常常会产生自我毒性,进而导致连作阻碍。对羟基苯甲酸的积累可对多种作物连作产生障碍,这会影响农作物的生长发育,降低农作物的产量和品质[3]
自然界存在很多对酚酸类物质具有降解能力的菌株,利用微生物降解是一种安全且环保的降低农作物生长环境中自毒物质的方式。刘紫英等[4]从草莓基地土样中筛选到7株对香豆酸具有降解能力的霍氏肠杆菌属;王洁等[5]从香草兰植株种植园植株根际土壤中筛选得到6株可降解酚酸类物质苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸和水杨酸的芽孢杆菌;另外还存在能够降解草莓根际自毒物质对羟基苯甲酸的红球菌[6],能够降解黄连根际自毒物质阿魏酸的链霉菌[7]。目前,虽然具有PHBA降解能力的菌株已有很多,但有关橙色微杆菌降解PHBA的相关报道较为罕见。同时每株菌都有自身独特的生长特性,真正应用于实际的酚酸降解中所达到的效果也会有所差异,因此,筛选能够降解植物根系中的对羟基苯甲酸的菌株仍具有重要的研究意义。
本研究从海洋及海岸红树林土壤中分离得到具有降解对羟基苯甲酸能力的菌株,通过对PHBA降解菌的降解条件优化及其对黄瓜根际胁迫效应进行了探究,为将该菌株开发成土壤生物复原剂提供了理论依据[8]
供试黄瓜品种为棒棒脆黄瓜,育苗基质采用商品性基质,由南宁桂裕鑫农业科技有限公司生产。
对羟基苯甲酸、氯化钠,上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司;氢氧化钠、无水氯化铁和硫酸铵,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;无水氯化钙、七水合硫酸镁、磷酸二氢钾和磷酸氢二钾,广东光华科技股份有限公司。
超净工作台,上海智诚分析仪器制造有限公司;全自动立式高压灭菌锅,致微(厦门)仪器有限公司;生化培养箱,上海博迅医疗生物仪器股份有限公司;摇床,上海旻泉仪器有限公司;真空冷冻干燥机,北京松源华兴科技发展有限公司;紫外分光光度计,上海光谱仪器有限公司;酶标仪,BioTek公司。
TSA培养基(g/L):酪蛋白胰酶消化物15.0,大豆粉木瓜蛋白酶消化物5.0,氯化钠5.0,琼脂15.0,pH 7.3。
使用方法:取TSA培养基40.0 g,加热搅拌溶解于1 000.0 mL蒸馏水中,121 ℃灭菌15 min,等待温度降至50 ℃左右,倒入培养皿中备用。
LB肉汤培养基(g/L):胰蛋白胨10.0,酵母浸膏5.0,氯化钠10.0,pH 7.0。
使用方法:称取LB肉汤培养基25.0 g,加热搅拌溶解于1 000.0 mL蒸馏水中,分装,121 ℃灭菌15 min备用。
筛选培养基包括筛选具PHBA降解菌株的PHBA培养基及筛选高降解率菌株的无机盐培养基。
PHBA培养基(g/L):对羟基苯甲酸0.1,琼脂20.0,pH 7.0。使用方法:取对羟基苯甲酸0.1 g,溶解于1 000.0 mL蒸馏水中,再按照总体积2%的量加入琼脂,充分搅拌后使用碱性溶液调节pH至7.0,121 ℃灭菌15 min,等待温度降至50 ℃左右,倒入培养皿中备用。
无机盐培养基(g/L):氯化钠0.2,无水氯化铁0.01,硫酸铵1.0,无水氯化钙0.2,七水合硫酸镁0.2,磷酸二氢钾0.5,磷酸氢二钾0.5。
试验筛选获得的具有降解对羟基苯甲酸特性的菌株,经16S rRNA基因鉴定为一株橙色微杆菌(Microbacterium aurantiacum),来源于海洋及海岸红树林土壤,命名为GX14001。
采用Design-Expert 13、MEGA 11和Microsoft Excel进行试验设计及数据分析,Origin 2021软件绘制图形。
为了解细菌GX14001在无机盐培养基中不同培养时间下的生长状况,采用比浊度法测定[9]。于超净台中取200 μLOD600为1.0的菌悬液接种至含有20 mL配制好并灭菌待用的无机盐培养基锥形瓶中,30 ℃、180 r/min恒温摇床中培养,每隔12 h于超净台中吸取200 μL的待测液,使用酶标仪测定其在波长600 nm处的吸光度(OD600)。确定菌株在无机盐培养基中的生长状况[9]
以无机盐培养基为基础,分别称取0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7 g/L PHBA,其他培养成分不变,装液量为20 mL/50 mL锥形瓶,接菌量为1%,30 ℃、180 r/min条件下培养72 h,每组设置3个平行,结果取平均值[10],测定不同PHBA浓度下的PHBA降解率,以确定最适PHBA降解浓度。
以无机盐培养基为基础,其他培养成分不变,装液量为20 mL/50 mL锥形瓶,接菌量为1%,分别放置于24、26、28、30、32、34 ℃,180 r/min条件下培养72 h,测定不同培养温度下的PHBA降解率,从而确定最适PHBA降解的培养温度。
以无机盐培养基为基础,其他培养成分不变,装液量为20 mL/50 mL锥形瓶,接菌量为1%,分别调节pH至5.0、6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0、10.0、11.0,置于30 ℃、180 r/min条件下培养72 h,测定不同pH下的PHBA降解率,以确定最适PHBA降解的pH值。
以无机盐培养基为基础,分别添加接菌量为1%的不同氮源[NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4、NaNO3、尿素],其他培养成分不变,装液量为20 mL/50 mL锥形瓶,30 ℃、180 r/min条件下培养72 h,测定不同氮源的PHBA降解率。
根据单因素试验结果确定3个主要影响因素,利用Box-Behnken中心组合设计出17个响应面分析试验,做降解条件的进一步优化。
按照对照组、菌处理、PHBA处理、PHBA和菌处理4种处理,每个处理3个平行,配好育苗盆栽,其中PHBA处理、PHBA和菌处理的盆栽中按照盆栽土量的2%添加外源PHBA。组培室维持温度为25 ℃,光照时间为12 h/12 h (日/夜)循环。
将黄瓜种子置于50 mL离心管中,使用75%医用乙醇将其充分消毒2−3 min,共消毒2次,接着使用无菌水将黄瓜种子表面乙醇清洗干净,以免影响种子发芽。然后将消毒后的黄瓜种子放置于垫有湿润滤纸的灭菌培养皿上,加盖并使用报纸包裹,放置于干燥且避光环境下对种子进行催芽,种子发芽后移栽至育苗盆栽中,按每盆3棵培养。待黄瓜生长至两叶一心时,将大小及生长状况相同的黄瓜留下,其余种子移除。30 ℃、180 r/min的恒温摇床中培养3 d的GX14001菌悬液取5 mL分别接种于菌处理组、PHBA和菌处理的黄瓜根际,对照组和PHBA处理中相应接种5 mL无菌水,培养25 d后,观察4个处理下黄瓜生长情况,并使用量尺测量其叶片大小、株高和茎粗,并进行比较。
本研究收集了对照组、菌处理、PHBA处理、PHBA和菌处理4种处理下的25 d的黄瓜叶片,测定了叶片中丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)的活性。其中MDA活性采用硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid, TBA)法测定,降解产物中的MDA可与TBA缩合,形成红色产物,在波长532 nm处有最大吸收峰。CAT活性采用钼酸铵法测定,H2O2与钼酸铵作用产生一种淡黄色络合物,在405 nm处测定其变化量,计算出其活力值。SOD采用水溶性四氮唑-1 (water-soluble terazolium-1, WST-1)法测定其活性,WST-1是一种四氮唑化合物,它是一种水溶性的无色染料。当WST-1暴露在细胞培养液中时,活力细胞中的脱氢酶或还原酶类酶会还原WST-1,将其转化为产物WST-1形成的可溶性有色化合物。
本研究收集了对照组、菌处理、PHBA处理、PHBA和菌处理4种处理下的25 d的黄瓜根际土壤,测定了土壤中过氧化氢酶(soil-catalase, S-CAT)、纤维素酶(soil-cellulase, S-CL)和脲酶(soil-urease, S-UE)的活性。S-CAT采用紫外吸收峰法,从紫外波长240 nm转换到波长510 nm检测。S-CL采用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸与S-CL催化纤维素降解产生的还原糖反应生成棕红色物质,在540 nm处于特征吸收峰,进而得到土壤纤维素酶的活性。S-UE是一种高度专性的酶,能酶促尿素的水解,采用靛酚蓝比色法测定其酶活性。
事先配制100 mg/L的PHBA标准品,分别检测上样量为1、2、4、6、8、10、12 μL的标准品,观察不同上样量标准品中出锋的时间。
取PHBA处理、PHBA和菌处理的黄瓜根际土样,过100目筛精密称取10 g,置于250 mL锥形瓶中,精密加入2 mol/L NaOH溶液50 mL,旋涡混匀置于25 ℃、200 r/min摇床中振荡12 h,取出放于室温静置2 h,之后于4 000 r/min离心15 min分离上清,上清液用12 mol/L HCl调pH至2.5,沉淀出胡敏酸,超声振荡10 min后静置2 h,过滤,去上清液,采用乙酸乙酯萃取5次,收集上层萃取液,合并,置于45 ℃旋转蒸发仪上旋转蒸发至干,将残渣溶解并采用甲醇定容于2 mL棕色量瓶中,使用0.22 μm滤膜过滤,最后使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测。
使用Agilent 1260 Infinity II Quaternary LC和反相C18硅胶色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm;Welch公司)测量PHBA浓度。洗脱程序:柱温保持在28 ℃;紫外(ultraviolet, UV)检测波长为280 nm;流动相A:100%甲醇;流动相B:1%乙酸和99%超纯水;流速为0.6 mL/min;上样量8 μL。
将菌株GX14001的测序结果在EzBioCloud进行比对与分析,并使用MEGA 11构建菌株系统发育树,见图1。结果表明,菌株GX14001与橙色微杆菌(Microbacterium aurantiacum)处于发育树同一支,置信度为99,表明两者之间基因序列同源性高度相似。菌株GX14001基因序列上传NCBI,获得GenBank登录号为MZ489467,现保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心,保藏编号为CGMCC1.19276。
以菌株GX14001的培养时间为横坐标,测定的OD600值为纵坐标,绘制出该菌株在无机盐培养中的生长曲线,见图2。结果表明,菌株生长浓度逐渐升高,在培养时间为72 h时,OD600值达到最高0.315,72 h之后,菌株生长缓慢。
菌株GX14001对不同PHBA含量的降解:菌株对不同PHBA浓度的降解如图3A所示,当无机盐培养基中PHBA起始含量较低时,PHBA降解率随着PHBA含量的升高而增长,至PHBA含量为0.4 g/L时,PHBA降解率达97.6%;PHBA浓度高于0.4 g/L后,随着PHBA起始含量的增加降解率也逐渐下降;当PHBA浓度为0.7 g/L时,菌体生长受到高浓度PHBA的抑制,降解率也达到最低。
温度对菌株降解PHBA的影响:在以PHBA为无机盐培养基中唯一碳源时,由图3B所示,菌株适合生长的范围比较广泛,在26−30 ℃均可以得到良好的生长,随着温度的升高或者降低,菌体的生长受到了明显的限制,降解率也随之降低。
培养基pH对菌株降解PHBA的影响:如图3C所示,菌株GX14001降解PHBA最适pH值为8.0,降解率达100%。当无机盐培养基pH小于6.0时,菌体生长较缓慢,降解率也相对较低;当大于pH 9.0时,菌体生长受到抑制,降解率随着pH值的升高而降低。
氮源对菌株降解PHBA的影响,见图3D,无机盐培养基中不同氮源影响着菌株对PHBA的降解。当硫酸铵为培养基中主要氮源时,菌株的降解效果最好。
根据对单因素试验所得的结果分析,确定培养温度、PHBA含量和pH值对PHBA降解率的影响最大,因此选择这3个因素采用3因素3水平设计进行进一步优化研究。利用Box-Behnken进行试验方案设计,对菌株GX14001降解PHBA降解率进行分析,见表1
为了确定PHBA的最大降解率,试验以PHBA的初始含量、pH和培养温度3个因素,使用了3D响应面,见图4,通过软件Design-Expert 13进行响应面分析,确定了PHBA最佳初始浓度为0.18 g/L,温度为30.2 ℃,pH为8.3,经试验验证,在该条件下,PHBA的降解率为100%。
图5所示,用PHBA和GX14001处理25 d时,GX14001处理组的长势明显优于对照组。经单因素均值比较分析得出处理组与空白对照组(CK)之间的数据具备显著差异,表明GX14001菌株提高了黄瓜的生长发育,其叶片面积、黄瓜茎粗及株高等都有了显著的增长。如图6所示,GX14001处理组的黄瓜叶片面积大小、茎粗和株高均优于对照组,其中GX14001处理组叶片面积增长了118.1%,茎粗增长了110.4%,株高增长了239.8%。同时外源添加GX14001和PHBA处理组的长势,叶片面积大小、茎粗和株高也都明显高于PHBA处理组,其叶片面积增长了162.8%,茎粗增长了112.4%,株高增长了117.4%。
图7所示,黄瓜处理生长25 d时,GX14001处理组的SOD和CAT的活性比对照组显著升高。PHBA处理组中,SOD和CAT的活性比对照组明显降低。MDA的含量在PHBA处理组中明显比对照组要高。
图8所示,经单因素显著性差异分析得出处理组与空白对照组(CK)之间的数据具备显著差异(P < 0.01),表明GX14001菌株能够有效提高黄瓜根际土壤的酶活性。4种处理25 d时,与对照组相比,PHBA处理中S-CAT、S-UE、S-CL活性明显降低,而GX14001处理组S-CAT、S-UE、S-CL活性有所提升,同时外源添加PHBA和GX14001与PHBA处理组相比酶活性显著升高,其中外源添加GX14001和PHBA处理组中S-CAT活性提高了112.5%、S-UE活性提高了240%、S-CL活性提高了171.3%。
图9所示,不同上样量的PHBA标准品出锋时间都处于20−22 min。对添加外源PHBA和GX14001与PHBA处理组中的盆栽土壤进行高效液相色谱测定其PHBA含量。与PHBA对照组相比,接种GX14001菌株降解了土壤中52.3%的PHBA。
PHBA是连作障碍土壤中积累的主要自毒化感物质之一,对植物生长发育多方面造成严重威胁,已成为制约农业产业可持续发展的重要障碍。越来越多的研究表明,通过施用功能性微生物菌剂、菌肥调控植物与微生物间的相互作用,有利于缓解土壤连作障碍。近年来,国内外众多学者开展连作障碍的土壤修复研究,研究结果表明降解菌株可以有效降解土壤中的酚酸,并有效缓解酚酸类物质对植物产生的自毒作用。PHBA降解菌的报道较多为放线菌,如毛宁等[11]筛选到6株具降解PHBA能力的放线菌,在液体培养条件下培养7 d,降解率为79.6%−98.7%;杜霄霞[12]筛选到7株具有降解PHBA能力的放线菌,在PHBA含量为4、6、8 g/L条件下培养7 d,降解率达到99.5%−99.7%。研究报道PHBA的降解菌为细菌的主要集中在柠檬球菌[13]、微小杆菌[14]、红球菌[15]等,而有关橙色微杆菌在降解PHBA方面的研究目前尚未有报道。
本研究以从海洋及海岸红树林土壤中分离得到的具有降解对羟基苯甲酸能力的橙色微杆菌GX14001为研究对象,对菌株PHBA的降解特性以及缓解黄瓜根际PHBA胁迫效应进行了探究。结果表明:通过单因素和响应面优化方法得到该菌株最佳降解条件为温度30.2 ℃,pH值8.3,PHBA浓度0.18 g/L,降解率达到100%。接种GX14001菌株能够有效缓解黄瓜根际PHBA胁迫并促进植物生长,同时能够降解黄瓜盆栽土壤中52.3%的PHBA含量。菌株GX14001经条件优化后的降解率高于其他菌株。李雪[16]筛选到一株具降解PHBA能力的放线菌,经响应面优化试验后菌株降解率为99.0%;陈述云[17]筛选到一株对PHBA降解能力高的细菌GSY-P1,经响应面优化试验后菌株降解率为97.2%。高亚慧[18]研究表明橙色微杆菌具有较强的挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)促生功能。本研究所使用的菌株GX14001经条件优化后的降解率达到100%,而且具备较强的促生能力,说明该菌株具有一定的研究意义和应用价值。
解灵军等[19]筛选到具有降解PHBA的细菌,其可以有效提高草莓根系活力,并有效提高草莓幼苗的叶面积、根长、株高和干重等生长指标。王晓辉[20]筛选到一株放线菌菌株能够有效缓解自毒物质阿魏酸对西瓜幼苗生长产生的毒害作用。PHBA胁迫下过量的活性氧会导致过氧化和丙二醛含量的增长,破坏正常膜系统功能[20]。本研究中PHBA抑制了黄瓜植株生长,同时增加了叶片MDA等的含量,造成了黄瓜根际胁迫。GX14001降解菌能够有效缓解胁迫效应,改善黄瓜叶面积大小、茎粗和株高的生长。吴凤慧[21]报道了FA和PHBA降解菌GLY-P2降低了FA和PHBA胁迫下黄瓜叶片MDA、H2O2和O2−的含量。接种GX14001菌株的处理组中,黄瓜叶片MDA含量降低,黄瓜生长量增加以及盆栽土壤中PHBA含量降低。Wu等[22]报道了FA和PHBA降解菌CSY-P13可提高黄瓜种植土壤中的磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性。本研究接种GX14001菌株的处理组中过氧化氢酶、脲酶、纤维素酶的活性显著提高,与其结果相一致。本研究结果表明,GX14001菌株缓解黄瓜根际PHBA的胁迫是通过活性氧及激活抗氧化酶来完成的,从而增强植物对不利环境下生长胁迫的抵抗能力。
由于植物根系分泌的酚酸类物质会长期积累于土壤中,进而造成土壤酸化、硬化等,从而抑制植物生长。因此通过不断筛选高效能力PHBA降解菌仍有一定研究意义,以丰富PHBA降解菌菌种资源和提高降解菌对土壤中酚酸类物质的降解能力,有效缓解植物连作障碍。
  • 广西壮族自治区自然科学基金(2023GXNSFBA026041)
  • 国家自然科学基金(32360024)
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2024年第64卷第7期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230790
  • 接收时间:2023-12-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-07-04
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22
  • 录用日期:2024-03-26
基金
Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(2023GXNSFBA026041)
广西壮族自治区自然科学基金(2023GXNSFBA026041)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360024)
国家自然科学基金(32360024)
作者信息
    1 广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院 广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室, 广西 南宁 530000
    2 广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院, 广西 南宁 530000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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