Article(id=1241379094072447510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230777, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1702656000000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-16, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1710691200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-03-18, onlineDate=1773897439735, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1720022400000, pubDateStr=2024-07-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773897439735, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773897439735, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897439735, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241379085109219745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='7', pageStart='2151', pageEnd='2582', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773897437598, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897688675, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241380138257010733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241380138257010734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241379085109219745, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2419, endPage=2433, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241379094412186155, articleId=1241379094072447510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Efficient expression of NADH pyrophosphatase promotes the synthesis of NMNH by biotransformation, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] As an important coenzyme in human body, coenzyme Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+) plays an important role in maintaining cell growth, differentiation, and energy metabolism and protecting cells. Reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), an effective NAD+ enhancer, can efficiently elevate the levels of NAD+ in tissues. NADH pyrophosphatase can transform reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) into NMNH to promote the regeneration of NAD+. The purpose of this study is to construct a NADH pyrophosphatase expression system inBacillus subtilis and realize the synthesis of NMNH by biotransformation. [Methods] NADH pyrophosphatase was successfully expressed inB.subtilis WB600 by vector screening, and promoter engineering was employed to improve the enzyme activity. Furthermore, the industrial application potential of the recombinant enzyme was further investigated by medium optimization and amplified fermentation in a 5 L fermenter. On this basis, the whole cell catalytic system was used for biotransformation to synthesize NMNH. [Results] The initial activity of NADH pyrophosphatase and the yield of NMNH were 1.70 U/mL and 135 mg/L, respectively. After promoter engineering, the enzyme activity was improved by 41%. In addition, the enzyme activity was increased to 5.02 U/mL after optimization of the culture medium and amplified fermentation in a 5 L fermenter, which was 1.09 times higher than that in a shake flask. On this basis, the whole-cell catalytic system was used for biotransformation, and the yield of NMNH reached 1.20 g/L, which was 7.75 times higher than the initial yield. [Conclusion] We built an efficient expression system of NADH pyrophosphatase inB.subtilis and realized the efficient transformation from NADH to NMNH by whole-cell catalysis, providing a new idea for the biosynthesis of NMNH.

, correspAuthors=Jinsong GONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*GONG Jinsong, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xueyuan LI, Jinsong GONG, Chang SU, Heng LI, Guoqiang XU, Zhenghong XU, Jinsong SHI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241379098623267604, articleId=1241379094072447510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=基于NADH焦磷酸酶高效表达的NMNH生物转化合成, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

辅酶Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+)作为人体内重要的辅酶,在维持细胞生长、分化和能量代谢以及细胞保护方面起着重要作用。还原型烟酰胺单核苷酸(reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMNH)是一种有效的NAD+增强剂,可以快速、高效地提高组织中NAD+水平。NADH焦磷酸酶可将还原型辅酶Ⅰ (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH)转化为NMNH以促进NAD+的再生。【目的】在枯草芽孢杆菌中构建NADH焦磷酸酶表达体系并实现NMNH的生物转化合成。【方法】通过载体筛选成功在枯草芽孢杆菌WB600中实现NADH焦磷酸酶的胞内表达,结合启动子工程提升其酶活,同时通过培养基优化及5 L发酵罐放大发酵策略进一步考察重组酶的工业应用潜力。在此基础上采用全细胞催化体系进行NMNH的生物转化。【结果】NADH焦磷酸酶的初始表达酶活为1.70 U/mL,NMNH产量为135 mg/L。通过启动子工程化改造,将酶活提升了41%;此外,培养基优化及5 L发酵罐放大发酵策略将酶活进一步提升至5.02 U/mL,较摇瓶水平提升1.09倍;在此基础上采用全细胞催化体系进行NMNH生物转化,获得NMNH产量为1.20 g/L,较初始产量提高了7.88倍。【结论】本研究开发了NADH焦磷酸酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的高效表达体系,并采用全细胞催化方式实现了NADH到NMNH的高效转化,为NMNH的生物合成提供了新思路。

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QY, LEI YG, HU GY, LEI YZ, DAN DM.Effects of Tween 80 on the liquid fermentation ofLentinus edodes[J].Food Science and Biotechnology,2018,27(4):1103-1109., articleTitle=Effects of Tween 80 on the liquid fermentation ofLentinus edodes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445832856228455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=533, issue=null, pageStart=218, pageEnd=223, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ROCCHIO J, NEILSEN J, EVERETT K, BOTHUN GD.A solvent-free lecithin-Tween 80 system for oil dispersion[J].Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2017,533:218-223., articleTitle=A solvent-free lecithin-Tween 80 system for oil dispersion, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241445832948503149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, doi=10.1016/j.cis.2016.04.005, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=239, issue=null, pageStart=199, pageEnd=212, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO WW, WANG YL.Coacervation with surfactants: from single-chain surfactants to gemini surfactants[J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2017,239:199-212., articleTitle=Coacervation with surfactants: from single-chain surfactants to gemini surfactants, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241445827659485654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, awardId=21978116, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978116), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241445827768537564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, 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articleId=1241379094072447510, companyId=1241445814510342145, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 四川大学轻工科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610065)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241445822919921967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Enzymatic synthesis of NMNH., figureFileSmall=i218/hvuhupGnblTidg2FQ==, figureFileBig=NyxacB0pNUsLMU7xkvM3iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445823112859960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=CN, label=图1, caption=NMNH的生物酶法合成, figureFileSmall=i218/hvuhupGnblTidg2FQ==, figureFileBig=NyxacB0pNUsLMU7xkvM3iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445823242883394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Initial expression enzyme activity and yield of 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B: The optimization of Tween 80 treatment time for cells., figureFileSmall=pcPXlvR1eVoGY/KioIvKUQ==, figureFileBig=OrJLeNOF1E4JLwL1550R/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445825574916527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=CN, label=图10, caption=吐温80浓度及处理时间优化, figureFileSmall=pcPXlvR1eVoGY/KioIvKUQ==, figureFileBig=OrJLeNOF1E4JLwL1550R/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445825654608307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primers used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
pMA5-EcNudc-FtaaaaaggagcgatttacatatgATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAAAC
pMA5-EcNudc-RgaatttcgacctctagaacgcgtTTAatgatgatgatgatgatgTTCATATTCAGCGCG
pAD123-EcNudc-FttcgagctcggtacccggggatccATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAA
pAD123-EcNudc-RtgtatatctccttcttaaatctagaTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
pHT01-EcNudc-FtcccaattaaaggaggaaggatccATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAA
pHT01-EcNudc-RtgccccggggacgtcgactctagaTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
pWB980-EcNudc-FGCTCGGTACCCGGGGATCCTCTAGAATGGACCGTATCATTGA
pWB980-EcNudc-RCTAGCTTGCATGCCTGCAGGTCGACTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
VpMA5-FaaaggagcgatttacatatgATGG
VpMA5-Ractcaaaaaatctccaccttta
PsrfA-FtttaaaggtggagattttttgagtAATGTTTAGTGGAAATGATTG
PsrfA-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttATTGTCATACCTCCCCTAATC
P43-FaaaggtggagattttttgagtCGGTTGATTTAATAACTGACAA
P43-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttGTGTACATTCCTCTCTTACC
Pmpr-FaaaggtggagattttttgagtTTAGCGGATTACACTGTTGAAGGAT
Pmpr-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTGTCATCTCCCTCCTTTAGTGTCAAC
Pbpr-FaaaaggtggagattttttgagtTCGATTTTGTCCTTTTTTGTTTTTCTCTTC
Pbpr-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTCATCCCCCTTTTTCAACATGCTT
PaprE-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCGATAATATCCATTGTTCTCACGGAAGC
PaprE-RATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTCTTTACCCTCTCCTTTTAAAAAAATTCA
PnprB-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCATATGGAGCAGGGGTTATTATTTATGTC
PnprB-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttAACACCACATCCTTCCTATTTTGG
PyolA-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGGCTTGCTCGTTGTCAAATCTGCGTA
PyolA-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTCCTAAATCCTCCTTGGTACAAGTTTACA
Pepr-FAaggtggagattttttgagtAGGATAATTCCGTCACGCAAAGCGCTGAGA
Pepr-RATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttGATTCATCTCCTTTTTCTATGATGTTTGA
PtrnQ-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGAGAATAAATGTCATACGCTCTTTCCCCGC
PtrnQ-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttATATAGACTGCGTTATGAGAACGTCAGCAC
PgsiB-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGAAAAAACTTTTCCAGATAGTGCCGGTT
PgsiB-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTGAATTCCTCCTTTAATTGGTGTTGGTT
PsigX-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCAAAGACTCCGGGTCTGGCATACCGGAAGA
PsigX-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTGAAACCCCTCCGTTCACTTTTTTGTCGT
PwapA-FAaggtggagattttttgagtATTTCAATCATTGTATTTCTCGACCCCGCT
PwapA-RtagtattttttgagaagatcTTCCTCTCTCCTTTTGTAATAAAAGTAAT
), ArticleFig(id=1241445825767854522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究所用引物

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer namesPrimer sequences (5′→3′)
pMA5-EcNudc-FtaaaaaggagcgatttacatatgATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAAAC
pMA5-EcNudc-RgaatttcgacctctagaacgcgtTTAatgatgatgatgatgatgTTCATATTCAGCGCG
pAD123-EcNudc-FttcgagctcggtacccggggatccATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAA
pAD123-EcNudc-RtgtatatctccttcttaaatctagaTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
pHT01-EcNudc-FtcccaattaaaggaggaaggatccATGGACCGTATCATTGAGAA
pHT01-EcNudc-RtgccccggggacgtcgactctagaTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
pWB980-EcNudc-FGCTCGGTACCCGGGGATCCTCTAGAATGGACCGTATCATTGA
pWB980-EcNudc-RCTAGCTTGCATGCCTGCAGGTCGACTTAatgatgatgatgatgat
VpMA5-FaaaggagcgatttacatatgATGG
VpMA5-Ractcaaaaaatctccaccttta
PsrfA-FtttaaaggtggagattttttgagtAATGTTTAGTGGAAATGATTG
PsrfA-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttATTGTCATACCTCCCCTAATC
P43-FaaaggtggagattttttgagtCGGTTGATTTAATAACTGACAA
P43-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttGTGTACATTCCTCTCTTACC
Pmpr-FaaaggtggagattttttgagtTTAGCGGATTACACTGTTGAAGGAT
Pmpr-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTGTCATCTCCCTCCTTTAGTGTCAAC
Pbpr-FaaaaggtggagattttttgagtTCGATTTTGTCCTTTTTTGTTTTTCTCTTC
Pbpr-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTCATCCCCCTTTTTCAACATGCTT
PaprE-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCGATAATATCCATTGTTCTCACGGAAGC
PaprE-RATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTCTTTACCCTCTCCTTTTAAAAAAATTCA
PnprB-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCATATGGAGCAGGGGTTATTATTTATGTC
PnprB-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttAACACCACATCCTTCCTATTTTGG
PyolA-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGGCTTGCTCGTTGTCAAATCTGCGTA
PyolA-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTCCTAAATCCTCCTTGGTACAAGTTTACA
Pepr-FAaggtggagattttttgagtAGGATAATTCCGTCACGCAAAGCGCTGAGA
Pepr-RATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttGATTCATCTCCTTTTTCTATGATGTTTGA
PtrnQ-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGAGAATAAATGTCATACGCTCTTTCCCCGC
PtrnQ-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttATATAGACTGCGTTATGAGAACGTCAGCAC
PgsiB-FAaggtggagattttttgagtGAAAAAACTTTTCCAGATAGTGCCGGTT
PgsiB-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTTGAATTCCTCCTTTAATTGGTGTTGGTT
PsigX-FAaggtggagattttttgagtCAAAGACTCCGGGTCTGGCATACCGGAAGA
PsigX-RCATcatatgtaaatcgctcctttTTGAAACCCCTCCGTTCACTTTTTTGTCGT
PwapA-FAaggtggagattttttgagtATTTCAATCATTGTATTTCTCGACCCCGCT
PwapA-RtagtattttttgagaagatcTTCCTCTCTCCTTTTGTAATAAAAGTAAT
), ArticleFig(id=1241445825902072257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

12 recombinant strains and their description

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsDescription
BSE00 (control)EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the pMA5 constitutive promoter PHpaII
BSE01EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter P43
BSE02EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pmpr
BSE03EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pbpr
BSE04EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with an auto inducible promoter PaprE
BSE05EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PnprB
BSE06EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PyolA
BSE07EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pepr
BSE08EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PtrnQ
BSE09EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with an auto inducible promoter PsrfA
BSE10EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PgsiB
BSE11EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PsigX
BSE12EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PwapA
), ArticleFig(id=1241445827382661574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241379094072447510, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

12株重组菌及其描述

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainsDescription
BSE00 (control)EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the pMA5 constitutive promoter PHpaII
BSE01EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter P43
BSE02EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pmpr
BSE03EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pbpr
BSE04EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with an auto inducible promoter PaprE
BSE05EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PnprB
BSE06EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PyolA
BSE07EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter Pepr
BSE08EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PtrnQ
BSE09EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with an auto inducible promoter PsrfA
BSE10EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PgsiB
BSE11EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PsigX
BSE12EcNudc was expressed in WB600 with the constitutive promoter PwapA
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基于NADH焦磷酸酶高效表达的NMNH生物转化合成
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李雪媛 1 , 龚劲松 1, * , 苏畅 1 , 李恒 1 , 徐国强 2 , 许正宏 2, 3 , 史劲松 1
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(7): 2419-2433
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(7): 2419-2433
基于NADH焦磷酸酶高效表达的NMNH生物转化合成
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李雪媛1, 龚劲松1, * , 苏畅1, 李恒1, 徐国强2, 许正宏2, 3, 史劲松1
作者信息
  • 1 江南大学生命科学与健康工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
  • 2 江南大学 粮食发酵与食品生物制造国家工程研究中心, 江苏 无锡 214122
  • 3 四川大学轻工科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610065
Efficient expression of NADH pyrophosphatase promotes the synthesis of NMNH by biotransformation
Xueyuan LI1, Jinsong GONG1, * , Chang SU1, Heng LI1, Guoqiang XU2, Zhenghong XU2, 3, Jinsong SHI1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
  • 2 National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
  • 3 College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2024-07-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230777
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辅酶Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+)作为人体内重要的辅酶,在维持细胞生长、分化和能量代谢以及细胞保护方面起着重要作用。还原型烟酰胺单核苷酸(reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMNH)是一种有效的NAD+增强剂,可以快速、高效地提高组织中NAD+水平。NADH焦磷酸酶可将还原型辅酶Ⅰ (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH)转化为NMNH以促进NAD+的再生。【目的】在枯草芽孢杆菌中构建NADH焦磷酸酶表达体系并实现NMNH的生物转化合成。【方法】通过载体筛选成功在枯草芽孢杆菌WB600中实现NADH焦磷酸酶的胞内表达,结合启动子工程提升其酶活,同时通过培养基优化及5 L发酵罐放大发酵策略进一步考察重组酶的工业应用潜力。在此基础上采用全细胞催化体系进行NMNH的生物转化。【结果】NADH焦磷酸酶的初始表达酶活为1.70 U/mL,NMNH产量为135 mg/L。通过启动子工程化改造,将酶活提升了41%;此外,培养基优化及5 L发酵罐放大发酵策略将酶活进一步提升至5.02 U/mL,较摇瓶水平提升1.09倍;在此基础上采用全细胞催化体系进行NMNH生物转化,获得NMNH产量为1.20 g/L,较初始产量提高了7.88倍。【结论】本研究开发了NADH焦磷酸酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的高效表达体系,并采用全细胞催化方式实现了NADH到NMNH的高效转化,为NMNH的生物合成提供了新思路。

还原型烟酰胺单核苷酸  /  启动子工程  /  发酵优化  /  全细胞催化  /  枯草芽孢杆菌

[Objective] As an important coenzyme in human body, coenzyme Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+) plays an important role in maintaining cell growth, differentiation, and energy metabolism and protecting cells. Reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), an effective NAD+ enhancer, can efficiently elevate the levels of NAD+ in tissues. NADH pyrophosphatase can transform reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) into NMNH to promote the regeneration of NAD+. The purpose of this study is to construct a NADH pyrophosphatase expression system inBacillus subtilis and realize the synthesis of NMNH by biotransformation. [Methods] NADH pyrophosphatase was successfully expressed inB.subtilis WB600 by vector screening, and promoter engineering was employed to improve the enzyme activity. Furthermore, the industrial application potential of the recombinant enzyme was further investigated by medium optimization and amplified fermentation in a 5 L fermenter. On this basis, the whole cell catalytic system was used for biotransformation to synthesize NMNH. [Results] The initial activity of NADH pyrophosphatase and the yield of NMNH were 1.70 U/mL and 135 mg/L, respectively. After promoter engineering, the enzyme activity was improved by 41%. In addition, the enzyme activity was increased to 5.02 U/mL after optimization of the culture medium and amplified fermentation in a 5 L fermenter, which was 1.09 times higher than that in a shake flask. On this basis, the whole-cell catalytic system was used for biotransformation, and the yield of NMNH reached 1.20 g/L, which was 7.75 times higher than the initial yield. [Conclusion] We built an efficient expression system of NADH pyrophosphatase inB.subtilis and realized the efficient transformation from NADH to NMNH by whole-cell catalysis, providing a new idea for the biosynthesis of NMNH.

reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide  /  promoter engineering  /  fermentation optimization  /  whole-cell catalysis  /  Bacillus subtilis
李雪媛, 龚劲松, 苏畅, 李恒, 徐国强, 许正宏, 史劲松. 基于NADH焦磷酸酶高效表达的NMNH生物转化合成. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (7) : 2419 -2433 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230777
Xueyuan LI, Jinsong GONG, Chang SU, Heng LI, Guoqiang XU, Zhenghong XU, Jinsong SHI. Efficient expression of NADH pyrophosphatase promotes the synthesis of NMNH by biotransformation[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (7) : 2419 -2433 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230777
辅酶Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+)参与三羧酸循环、糖酵解等人体内重要代谢反应。然而,随着人年龄增长,体内NAD+水平会降低,从而导致一些神经退行性疾病的发生[1]。NAD+稳态改变已成为一系列疾病状态的共同特征[2]。还原型烟酰胺单核苷酸(reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMNH)是一种有效的NAD+前体[3],研究表明将NMNH以不同浓度添加到小鼠肝细胞中,不仅提升了细胞内NAD+的水平,还加快了NAD+上升的速度[4]
目前,主要采用化学方法合成NMNH。利用二氧化硫脲(thiourea dioxide, TDO)可以将烟酰胺单核苷酸(nicotinamide mononucleotide, NMN)还原为NMNH,但是TDO具有毒性,对环境造成污染的同时容易产生难以分离的手性异构体。生物催化法可在温和的反应条件下,通过NADH焦磷酸酶将还原型辅酶Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH)转化为NMNH和单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate, AMP) (图1)。焦磷酸酶存在于多种生物体内,如拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、牛分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium bovis) BCG、结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis) H37Rv[5-7]。NADH焦磷酸酶具有保守序列GX5EX7REVXEEXGU,属于Nudix水解酶超家族[8]。目前,研究者已经在多种生物体内实现了NADH焦磷酸酶的异源表达。Frick和Bessman在1995年率先实现了NADH焦磷酸酶在大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) MG1655中的异源克隆表达[9];Xu等通过低温诱导及伴侣蛋白的表达,成功在大肠杆菌中提高了来源于秀丽隐杆线虫的焦磷酸酶表达水平[10]。Abdelraheim等在昆虫细胞中重组表达了人源NUDT12和鼠源NUDT13[11]。Liu等通过启动子、核糖体结合位点(ribosome binding site, RBS)筛选在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中成功实现了NADH焦磷酸酶的高表达[8]。然而,大肠杆菌缺乏有效的翻译后修饰过程,而且存在内毒素,不利于产物作为食品或药品用于提升生物体内的NAD+水平。枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)是一种生物安全(generally regarded as safe, GRAS)菌株[12],不具有密码子偏好性,便于进行多种蛋白的表达,而且易于培养,发酵技术成熟[13]
本研究尝试在B.subtilis WB600中进行NADH焦磷酸酶基因的异源表达;为提升其表达量,通过筛选B.subtilis 168基因组中不同种类的内源性启动子对表达系统进行启动子适配性优化[14];进一步结合培养基优化及罐上放大培养发掘NADH焦磷酸酶发酵潜力,为其工业化生产奠定基础。最后,采用全细胞催化工艺进行NMNH的生物转化。本研究成功获得了NADH焦磷酸酶在枯草芽孢杆菌体系内的异源表达,为NMNH的酶法合成提供了新思路。
宿主菌B.subtilis WB600,表达载体pMA5、pAD123、pHT01和pWB980,NADH焦磷酸酶基因EcNudc,实验室前期保存。
限制性内切酶QuickCutTMNde I、Mlu I、Sal I、Xba I和BamH I,TaKaRa公司;2×Phanta Max Master Mix,南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司;FuniCutTM DpnI、MolPure Plasmid Mini Kit质粒小量提取试剂盒、MolPure Gel Extraction Kit琼脂糖凝胶回收试剂盒,翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司;胰蛋白胨、酵母粉,ThermoFisher Scientific公司;NaCl、琼脂粉、MgCl2、KH2PO4、K2HPO4和吐温80,国药集团化学试剂有限公司;卡那霉素,生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司。
恒温振荡金属浴MSC-100、微量核酸蛋白浓度测定仪,ThermoFisher Scientific公司;PCR仪C1000TM Thermal Cycler、核酸电泳仪、蛋白电泳仪,Bio-Rad公司;超声破碎仪,宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司;高压蒸汽灭菌锅,致微(厦门)仪器有限公司;生化培养箱,上海一恒科学仪器有限公司;pH计,METTLER TOLEDO公司;5 L发酵罐,迪必尔生物工程(上海)有限公司;高效液相色谱仪,安捷伦科技有限公司。
以实验室保存的EcNudc基因片段为模板,通过表1中引物对NADH焦磷酸酶基因进行扩增,并采用双酶切方法使质粒线性化,pMA5的酶切位点为Mlu I、Nde I,pAD123的酶切位点为BamH I、Xba I,pHT01的酶切位点为BamH I、Xba I,pWB980的酶切位点为Sal I、Xba I。通过Ligation Kit使目的基因与载体片段连接,分别获得重组质粒pMA5-EcNudc、pAD123-EcNudc、pHT01-EcNudc和pWB980-EcNudc
通过化学转化法将重组质粒pMA5-EcNudc、pAD123-EcNudc以及pHT01-EcNudc转入Escherichia coli JM109感受态中,在氨苄青霉素(ampicillin, Amp)抗性平板上培养,挑取平板上单菌落进行验证及鉴定,将验证正确的质粒转入B.subtilis WB600感受态细胞。将重组质粒pWB980-EcNudc转入B.subtilis WB600感受态细胞中,在卡那霉素(kanamycin, Kan)抗性平板上培养,挑取平板上单菌落进行验证及鉴定。
发酵结束后,4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心10 min收集菌体,使用Tris-HCl清洗2遍,得到细胞液。全细胞催化体系(50 μL):Tris-HCl (0.1 mol/L, pH 8.0) 27 μL,MgCl2 (0.05 mol/L) 5 μL,NADH (0.5 mol/L) 2.5 μL,细胞液15.5 μL。在37 ℃下反应15 min,反应结束后立即加入250 μL EDTA (0.004 mol/L, pH 8.0)终止反应。在酶学性质表征中,粗酶液反应体系的组成如全细胞催化体系,不同之处在于,将细胞液替换为粗酶液。通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定产物NMNH的生成,使用C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)进行检测,流动相主要包括两部分。流动相A是甲醇、水、冰醋酸以及四丁基氢氧化铵(3:96:0.6:0.4),流动相B是100%甲醇。洗脱程序:0 min,100% A;5 min,100% A;25 min,40% A;30 min,20% A;40 min,100% A。通过产物NMNH的生成量计算酶活,NADH焦磷酸酶酶活定义:在上述反应条件下,1个酶活力单位(U)定义为每分钟(min)产生1 μmol NMNH所需的酶蛋白量。
将鉴定正确的重组质粒转入B.subtilis WB600,在37 ℃培养箱培养12 h,挑取单菌落,接入含有1‰卡那霉素的LB培养基中,在37 ℃、220 r/min条件下培养12 h,以1%的接种量转接至含有1‰卡那霉素的超级肉汤培养基(terrific broth, TB)中,在37 ℃、220 r/min条件下培养。
发酵结束后,4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心10 min,分别收集菌体与发酵上清液。收集的菌体,使用Tris-HCl清洗2遍,将菌体重悬后,加入14 mg/mL溶菌酶并进行超声破碎。制备蛋白胶,浓缩胶浓度为5%,分离胶浓度为12%,取30 μL酶液与10 μL 4×Protein Loading Buffer混合,100 ℃金属浴10 min;
将制备好的蛋白胶放置于电泳槽中,加入Running buffer浸润蛋白胶,加入蛋白Marker和样品,设定电泳程序:首先80 V运行30 min,然后120 V运行60 min。电泳结束后,拆卸胶板,用考马斯亮蓝溶液染色2 h,再用洗脱液脱色,直至背景且蛋白条带清晰。
B.subtilis 168基因组为模板,用表1中的引物对其内源性组成型及自诱导型启动子基因进行克隆,通过反向PCR使载体线性化,同源重组连接载体及片段。通过化学转化法将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌JM 109感受态中,在氨苄青霉素抗性平板上培养,挑取平板上单菌落进行菌落PCR鉴定,并提取测序正确的质粒进行双酶切验证重组质粒是否正确。将验证正确的质粒通过化学转化法转入枯草芽孢杆菌WB600,得到12株重组菌(表2)。
将BSE00和BSE09以TB培养基在37 ℃、220 r/min条件下进行培养36 h,每隔3 h取样测定酶活及OD600值,绘制生长-酶活曲线。
发酵结束后,4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心10 min收集菌体,使用Tris-HCl清洗2遍,将菌体重悬后,加入14 mg/mL溶菌酶并进行超声破碎。将破碎液于4 ℃、8 000 r/min离心10 min,收集上清液用于酶学性质表征实验。
为了测定酶活性最佳温度,按照1.3中酶活检测方法,在pH 8.0的条件下,测定在25、30、33、40、42、45、50及55 ℃条件下的酶活性,并将试验组最高NADH焦磷酸酶活性设定为100%。
为了测定酶活性最佳pH,参照1.3中酶活检测方法,在37 ℃的条件下,测定在pH 6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0、10.0、11.0及12.0条件下的酶活性,并将试验组最高NADH焦磷酸酶活性设定为100%。
研究不同金属离子(Ca2+、Cu2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Zn2+和K+)对NADH焦磷酸酶活性的影响,这些金属离子分别来自CaCl2、CuCl2、FeCl2、FeCl3、MgCl2、MnCl2、ZnCl2和KCl配制的溶液。在37 ℃、pH 8.0条件下分别将2.5 μL (0.05 mol/L)、5 μL (0.05 mol/L)的金属离子添加到反应体系中,参照1.3酶活检测方法测定酶活。将试验组最高NADH焦磷酸酶活性设定为100%。
基本培养条件:接种量体积分数为1%,37 ℃、220 r/min培养36 h,以TB为基础培养基,分别对基础培养基中的碳源种类、浓度,氮源种类、浓度,以及复合氮源比例进行优化。
保持氮源及磷酸盐的条件不变,更换不同碳源(甘油、乳糖、木糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖和葡萄糖),在确定最佳碳源种类后,对碳源浓度进行优化(4、8、12、16、20、24、28、32、36、40、44和48 g/L)。在确定最佳碳源浓度后,保持碳源不变,更换氮源种类(酵母粉、胰蛋白胨、豆饼粉、大豆蛋白胨、棉籽饼粉、硫酸铵和氯化铵),在确定氮源种类后,对复合氮源比例进行优化(1:4、1:3、1:2、1:1、2:1、3:1和4:1),得到最佳复合氮源比例后,对氮源浓度进行优化(18、24、30、36、42、48、54、60、66和72 g/L)。以发酵结束时NADH焦磷酸酶活性及OD600为指标,探究培养基各因素对重组菌生长及产酶的影响。
将BSE09重组菌在卡那霉素抗性平板上三区划线,37 ℃培养过夜,挑取转化子到10 mL LB培养基中,37 ℃、220 r/min培养12 h。以体积分数1%接种量转接至种子培养基,37 ℃、220 r/min培养12 h。然后将种子培养液(接种量体积分数为5%)转接至5 L发酵罐中,通过调节转速和通气量来控制溶氧水平,流加体积分数为75%冰醋酸和2 mol/L NaOH溶液控制pH (7.0±0.1)。发酵过程中间隔3 h取样,当发酵液溶氧水平开始上升时流加补料培养基(14 mL/h)。
对全细胞催化时所用的表面活性剂浓度、处理细胞时间进行优化。在45 ℃、pH 10.0的反应条件下,使用不同浓度的吐温80对细胞处理不同时间,测定NMNH产量。
EcNudc基因分别克隆至大肠杆菌-枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭质粒pMA5、pAD123、pHT01,以及枯草芽孢杆菌质粒pWB980中,分别获得重组质粒pMA5-EcNudc、pAD123-EcNudc、pHT01-EcNudc和pWB980-EcNudc
挑取测序正确的单菌落接入摇瓶,37 ℃、220 r/min培养12 h,提取质粒转化入枯草芽孢杆菌WB600,使用TB培养基在37 ℃、220 r/min条件下进行发酵,测定其酶活及NMNH产量。如图2所示,当以穿梭质粒pMA5作为表达载体时,NADH焦磷酸酶的酶活最高,为1.70 U/mL,NMNH的产量为135 mg/L。这可能是由于pMA5质粒自身所带的PHpaII启动子转录活性较强,拷贝数较高,从而使酶活显著高于其他质粒。因此,后续选择pMA5作为表达载体。
测定重组菌BSE00 (WB600/pMA5-EcNudc)的生长-酶活曲线,结果如图3A所示。菌体的OD600值在18 h时达到最高,此时胞内酶活也达到最高值1.70 U/mL。
按照1.4方法,接种并发酵重组菌株B.subtilis WB600/pMA5-EcNudc,并对其分泌蛋白、胞内蛋白进行SDS-PAGE分析,以B.subtilis WB600/pMA5为阴性对照,结果如图3B所示。与含有空载pMA5质粒的对照菌相比,泳道3处出现一个明显的蛋白条带,分子量约为30 kDa,与EcNudc蛋白理论分子量符合,而泳道1、2的相同位置并未出现条带,这表明,NADH焦磷酸酶基因在B.subtilis WB600中成功实现了胞内表达。
蛋白质的有效表达与其转录效率密切相关,启动子是促进高水平基因表达和重组蛋白生产的重要调控元件[15-16]。为了增强NADH焦磷酸酶表达量,同时避免因诱导剂添加而导致的成本增加、操作复杂以及细胞毒性等问题,本研究通过文献调研[14,19],从枯草芽孢杆菌基因组中选择进行适配性改造的启动子均为无须添加诱导剂的组成型启动子或自诱导型启动子(表2)。对这些启动子进行筛选,成功构建了12株重组菌,如图4所示。测定对照菌株和各突变株的酶活,所得结果如图5所示,初始菌株BSE00 (PHpaII)的酶活为1.70 U/mL。其中,除了BSE06 (PyolA)、BSE08 (PtrnQ)、BSE10 (PgsiB)和BSE11 (PsigX)外,其余启动子转录的NADH焦磷酸酶活性均较对照菌株BSE00 (PHpaII)表现为提升。BSE01 (P43)的效果较好,其是枯草芽孢杆菌内源性强组成型启动子之一,这株重组菌的NADH焦磷酸酶活性仅次于BSE09 (PsrfA)。重组菌BSE09酶活最高,达到了2.40 U/mL,较对照菌株BSE00 (PHpaII)提升了41%。
测定BSE09与对照菌株BSE00的生长-酶活曲线,结果如图6所示。通过比较两株重组菌的生长-酶活曲线可知,BSE00在生长前期便开始快速表达,到达最高点后出现一个与增长趋势相近的下降趋势。BSE09在菌体生长前期酶的表达量及增长趋势较BSE00相比更为缓慢,在菌体生长到指数期后期时,开始大量表达[17],并且在达到酶活峰值后,也呈现一个较为缓慢的下降趋势。
由此可见,PsrfA调控的NADH焦磷酸酶重组菌生长-酶活曲线相比于原组成型启动子PHpall有较大不同。研究表明PsrfA是一种依赖菌体生长释放出信号分子而启动下游基因转录的启动子,其与枯草芽孢杆菌中的ComQXPA系统[18]有关。该系统由comX、comQ、comP和comA四部分组成。随着细菌增长,群体密度增加,释放到胞外的comX不断积累,与细胞膜上的comP结合,使之发生磷酸化,激活comA蛋白,从而使comA蛋白结合在启动子上游,启动转录基因的表达。推测由于菌体前期处于信号分子积累状态,酶的表达量不高,因此菌体代谢压力较小[19],这使菌体在后期也维持一个较好的生长及产酶状态。
碳、氮源是微生物生长所必需的营养物质,为微生物代谢提供物质和能量基础。同时氮源是构成菌体内核酸、蛋白质的重要原料[20]。本研究构建的重组菌BSE09在生长前期产酶较为缓慢,在指数期中后期表达增强。由于前期细胞生长会消耗TB中的甘油及复合氮源,在发酵后期菌体的生长性能下降。因此对培养基进行优化,使菌体在生长后期也能保持良好的生长状态,结果如图7所示。如图7A所示,在所选取的碳源中,以甘油为碳源时菌体酶活最高,36 h的最高酶活达到2.50 U/mL;以木糖为碳源时,酶活较低。研究发现,在微生物的长期进化过程中,对自然界中木糖的利用使不同微生物体内产生了不同的木糖代谢途径[21]。如在枯草芽孢杆菌中,木糖可以直接在木糖异构酶(xylose isomerase, XI)的催化作用下形成木酮糖而不需要辅酶参与,并经过木酮糖激酶的催化作用形成木酮糖-5-磷酸,进入戊糖磷酸途径。由此推测,木糖可能是一种广泛参与枯草芽孢杆菌其他代谢途径的碳源,因此NADH焦磷酸酶对其利用率较低,不利于其表达。在确定甘油为最佳碳源后,探究了不同浓度甘油对菌体产酶和生长的影响。当甘油浓度达到16 g/L时,酶活达到最高值2.80 U/mL,结果如图7B所示。
以优化后的碳源为基础,研究不同氮源种类对菌体生长及产酶的影响。如图7C所示,在选取的氮源种类中,以蛋白胨和棉籽饼粉为单一氮源时酶活较高,36 h的最高酶活分别达到2.80 U/mL和3.20 U/mL;以硫酸铵和氯化铵作为氮源,不利于菌体的生长和产酶。因此,后续选择胰蛋白胨与棉籽饼粉作为复合氮源进行比例优化实验。由图7D7E可知,当胰蛋白胨与棉籽饼粉的比例为2:1,浓度为54 g/L时,菌株的酶活最高,达到3.50 U/mL,相比培养基优化之前,酶活提升了46%。
在2.4中得到的最佳发酵条件下,将重组菌BSE09于5 L发酵罐中进行罐上发酵工艺研究,从而进一步挖掘重组菌的产酶潜力。首先将二级种子液在37 ℃下进行培养,12 h后以5%的接种量接种至5 L发酵罐中,罐体温度维持在37 ℃,pH 7.0±0.1,转速维持在400−600 r/min,使发酵罐溶氧维持在30%左右。如图8所示,在发酵的前12 h,酶活与OD600均呈上升趋势。在12−15 h时酶活略有下降,但经恒速补料后,酶活再次上升,在24 h后呈下降趋势。在24 h时,酶活达到最高值5.02 U/mL,相比摇瓶水平提升了43.43%。
为了探究温度、pH及金属离子对NADH焦磷酸酶活性的影响,使用粗酶液,按照方法1.2.6,测定不同温度、pH、金属离子下NADH焦磷酸酶的相对酶活力。
在25−55 ℃范围内测定重组NADH焦磷酸酶的活性,如图9A所示。随着温度升高,分子运动更加剧烈,底物与酶更易结合反应,因此酶活力逐渐升高,并在45 ℃时达到最高酶活力。在过高温度下,酶结构及活力往往会遭到破坏,反应生成的产物也更容易降解。在温度超过45 ℃时,酶活力开始逐渐下降。因此,该酶的最适反应温度为45 ℃。
在不同pH的缓冲液(pH 6.0−12.0)中测定重组NADH焦磷酸酶活性,如图9B所示。NADH焦磷酸酶在pH 10.0时表现出最高酶活力,在碱性条件下能够更好地保持酶活。
为了探究不同金属离子对NADH焦磷酸酶活性的影响,向反应体系中分别加入2.5 μL (0.05 mol/L)、5 μL (0.05 mol/L)终浓度的不同金属离子,如图9C所示。除Mg2+外,加入其余金属离子均抑制了NADH焦磷酸酶的活性。研究表明,NADH焦磷酸酶属于Nudix水解酶超家族,是一种需要Mg2+参与且具有高度保守Nudix基序(GX5EX7REUXEEXGU)的水解酶。其中,U是大体积疏水残基,X是任意残基。Nudix盒形成一个loop环-α螺旋-loop环结构基序,其是Mg2+的结合位点,从而发挥催化作用[22]。对于NADH焦磷酸酶催化体系中金属离子的优化实验也验证了这一点:除了Mg2+,其余金属离子的加入使其几乎失去了酶活,这证明Mg2+添加对于NADH焦磷酸酶催化活性的发挥具有至关重要的作用,而其余金属离子的加入并不能与NADH焦磷酸酶蛋白形成具有良好活性的空间构型。
由于NADH焦磷酸酶在B.subtilis WB600中是胞内表达,目前普遍采用超声破碎获取胞内酶。超声破碎过程会放出大量的热量,破坏酶的结构从而影响活性。考虑到底物和产物均为小分子,底物能够充分地进入胞内,与胞内酶发生反应,并且产物可分泌到胞外,本研究采用全细胞催化方法进行NMNH的生物转化合成,简化了破碎步骤,降低能耗,同时提高了生产效率。采用HPLC测定总产物的生成,NMNH产量达到280 mg/L。此产量仍较低,推测可能是由于细胞壁和细胞膜对底物和产物的透性屏障作用阻碍了NMNH的出胞。
为了增强细胞膜通透性,通过加入表面活性剂减少胞内外传质阻力。吐温80是一种非离子型表面活性剂[23-24],在生物实验中常用作乳化蛋白,其具有改变细胞膜通透性的作用,从而促进底物、产物进出细胞[25]。本研究对吐温80的浓度及处理细胞时间进行优化,避免其浓度过高而对细胞产生较大损伤。
按照1.3中的酶活检测方法,保持反应体系不变,对经Tris-HCl清洗后的细胞液加入不同浓度的吐温80进行预处理,由图10A可知,当吐温浓度从0.05%增加到0.20%时,NMNH的产量不断增加,在吐温浓度为0.20%时达到最高,为477 mg/mL。同样地,保持其他条件不变,对吐温80预处理细胞的时间进行优化。如图10B所示,当加入吐温80对细胞预处理15 min时,NMNH产量达到最高为444.80 mg/L。结合优化后条件,在0.20%浓度的吐温80处理细胞15 min的条件下,NMNH产量达到529 mg/L。在此反应条件下,结合2.6中得到的NADH焦磷酸酶最适温度、pH、金属离子,探究全细胞催化的转化率,提升反应时间,发现在反应50 min后,经HPLC检测,底物量不再减少,此时NMNH的产量达到1.20 g/L,转化率为87%。
本研究利用枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis) WB600作为宿主菌构建了NADH焦磷酸酶(EcNudc)异源表达体系,初始酶活为1.70 U/mL。重组蛋白高效表达依赖启动子的转录,通过启动子工程策略探索了不同种类启动子与NADH焦磷酸酶的适配性,最终确定了菌体密度依赖型启动子(PsrfA)启动目的基因的转录,酶活达到2.40 U/mL,提升了41%。通过对培养基优化及罐上发酵,酶活达到5.02 U/mL,提升了1.09倍。采用全细胞催化的方法制备NMNH,产量为280 mg/L。为了增强细胞膜通透性,通过优化表面活性剂浓度和处理细胞的时间,最终NMNH的产量达到1.20 g/L,相比初始表达产量提升了7.88倍。
本研究实现了NADH焦磷酸酶在GRAS安全菌株枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达,为NMNH的工业生产奠定了基础。后续将继续进行NADH焦磷酸酶分子水平的改造及转化体系优化,以推进其产业化应用。
  • 国家自然科学基金(21978116)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP22047)
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2024年第64卷第7期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230777
  • 接收时间:2023-12-16
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-07-04
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-16
  • 录用日期:2024-03-18
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978116)
国家自然科学基金(21978116)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP22047)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP22047)
作者信息
    1 江南大学生命科学与健康工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
    2 江南大学 粮食发酵与食品生物制造国家工程研究中心, 江苏 无锡 214122
    3 四川大学轻工科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610065

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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