Article(id=1241377725139701972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241377719049572379, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240152, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1709913600000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1716134400000, acceptedDateStr=2024-05-20, onlineDate=1773897113356, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1717430400000, pubDateStr=2024-06-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773897113356, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773897113356, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897113356, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241377719049572379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='6', pageStart='1691', pageEnd='2143', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773897111904, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897665313, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241380040286458828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241377719049572379, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241380040286458829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241377719049572379, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2057, endPage=2070, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241377727350100260, articleId=1241377725139701972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Planting years affect endophytic bacterial community ofCerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. from karst rocky desertification control areas, columnId=1241377722715394129, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Geomicrobiological Applications, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Endophytic bacteria in the roots of a healthy plant not only form a symbiotic relationship with the host plant but also promote plant growth and enhance plant uptake of nutrients, being of importance for maintaining terrestrial ecological balance and improving the comprehensive management of karst rocky desertification. [Objective] To explore the endophytic bacterial communities in the roots of host plants and provide a theoretical basis for deeply understanding the interaction mechanisms between host plants and endophytic bacteria. [Methods] The community structures of endophytic bacteria and physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil ofCerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. introduced for the control of rocky desertification in the karst graben basin with different years were studied. [Results] Planting years ofC.humilis had a direct and significant influence on the rhizosphere soil quality and an indirect effect on the bacterial community in the roots. The endophytic bacterial community was mainly characterized by symbiotic interactions. The top three dominant bacterial genera identified by the co-occurrence network in the first year and third year wereStreptomyces,Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia andChitinophaga, and the top three dominant bacterial genera in the fifth year wereStreptomyces,Chitinophaga and Haliangium, which had biocontrol effects. The endophytic bacterial community was shaped by stochastic ecological drift processes. [Conclusion] The differences of endophytic bacterial communities along the planting year gradient are due to the microbial diversity endowed by stochastic processes. The interactions among endophytic bacteria and the dominant bacteria with biocontrol effects could promote the colonization and growth ofC.humilis, thereby enhancing the ecological and economic benefits ofC.humilis for the comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the karst graben basin.

, correspAuthors=Qiang LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*LI Qiang, Tel: +86-773-7796692, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yadan HUANG, Can FU, Qiang LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241377728927158741, articleId=1241377725139701972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=喀斯特石漠化治理区钙果种植年限对根内细菌群落的影响, columnId=1241377722941886549, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=地质微生物应用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

存在于健康植物根中的内生细菌不但能够与宿主植物建立共生关系,而且还具有促进植物生长、提升植物对营养元素摄取能力等功能,从而对维持陆地生态平衡、提升喀斯特石漠化综合治理成效具有重要的意义。【目的】探究宿主植物根中的内生细菌群落结构,为深入认识宿主植物-内生细菌的互作机制提供理论依据。【方法】以被引种到喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化综合治理区不同种植年限钙果根中的内生细菌和根际土为研究对象,分析根内生细菌群落特征和根际土理化性质。【结果】钙果种植年限对研究区土壤质量整体有着直接、显著的影响,并间接影响根内生细菌群落。根内生细菌群落以共生互作为主,通过共网络结构识别出种植第一年和第三年的前三位优势属为链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、卡氏伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia)和噬几丁质菌属(Chitinophaga),种植第五年的前三位优势属为StreptomycesChitinophaga和海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium)。根内生细菌群落的形成主要由随机性过程中的生态漂变所主导。【结论】不同生长阶段钙果根内生细菌群落结构的差异是由于随机性过程赋予了微生物物种多样化。内生细菌群落的共生互作关系以及优势菌具有生防功能,可增强钙果定殖能力和生长,进而提升钙果在喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化综合治理区的生态效益和经济效益。

, correspAuthors=李强, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《微生物学报》编辑部2024, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Aj/MhZ8cfoT8pADr+bDjbQ==, magXml=q0QwzZNtUb005B4Fqu3KmA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=+m4t5tPmA/i9tw5AfBkQxg==, pdfFileSize=1018936, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=psqnRb1zCok2SxcCZV6NJA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=qO9y60LFMmGGMF9w4n7hYg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=黄雅丹, 付灿, 李强)}, authors=[Author(id=1241445033107321362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, 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applications[J].Ecology and Evolution,2019,9(20):12000-12016., articleTitle=Microbial functional diversity: from concepts to applications, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241445042259292997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, awardId=桂科ZY20198009, language=EN, fundingSource=Special Funds for Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Government of China(桂科ZY20198009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241445042372539213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, awardId=桂科ZY20198009, language=CN, fundingSource=中央引导地方科技发展专项(桂科ZY20198009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241445042477396819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, awardId=桂科AB21196065, language=EN, fundingSource=Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(桂科AB21196065), fundOrder=null, country=null), 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companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 桂林医学院智能医学与生物技术学院,广西 桂林 541004)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241445031576400392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241445031584788999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, companyId=1241445031576400392, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241445031593177610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, companyId=1241445031576400392, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241445037742027461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Top endophytic bacterial phyla in the root ofCerasus humilis. A: The relative abundance with different planting years. B: The relative abundance in each sample. The endophytic bacterial phyla with a largest relative frequency of less than 0.1% are included as others., figureFileSmall=OuXym+jbHOjWf5MDRQPZHQ==, figureFileBig=nOhL32a61V2f6CdhTrVoug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445037872050888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌优势门(A)及其他门在每一样品中的相对丰度(B), figureFileSmall=OuXym+jbHOjWf5MDRQPZHQ==, figureFileBig=nOhL32a61V2f6CdhTrVoug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445038039823060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=PCoA plots and ANOSIM analysis based on Unweighted UniFrac and Weighted UniFrac representing the endophytic bacterial community similarity/dissimilarity in the root ofCerasus humilis. A: PCoA plot based on Unweighted UniFrac. B: PCoA plot based on Weighted UniFrac. C: ANOSIM analysis based on Unweighted UniFrac. D: ANOSIM analysis based on Weighted UniFrac. Between is the result between the three type planting years, and the other three are the results within their groups, respectively., figureFileSmall=WF6QuMzbQERJChwGEBeYuQ==, figureFileBig=6T5W1hIi2cdiFpTF0qkAag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445038383755994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图2, caption=基于Unweighted UniFrac和Weighted UniFrac距离矩阵的不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌PCoA主坐标分析(A和B)和ANOSIM组间差异分析(C和D)

Between为不同种植年限之间的结果

, figureFileSmall=WF6QuMzbQERJChwGEBeYuQ==, figureFileBig=6T5W1hIi2cdiFpTF0qkAag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445038706717407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Characteristics of endophytic bacterial community construction in the root ofCerasus humilis with different planting years., figureFileSmall=0wd52caZywqJhTBc6LlDRg==, figureFileBig=2HMKBSmtpdxDEWc6w2RfAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445038887072486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落构建特征, figureFileSmall=0wd52caZywqJhTBc6LlDRg==, figureFileBig=2HMKBSmtpdxDEWc6w2RfAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445039054844656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Theco-occurrence network of endophytic bacteria in the root ofCerasus humilis with different planting years. The red line represents a positive correlation and the green line represents a negative correlation. The nodes are colored by phylum. The size of each node is proportional to the relative abundance of specific genus., figureFileSmall=sGIPeFLEk9jJM7nGwJyn1g==, figureFileBig=Ls1SSVBsE6XDU3oxPMhfSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445039256171256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落互作网络图

红色线条代表正相关;绿色线条代表负相关. 节点按门着色;每个节点的大小与特定属的相对丰度成正比

, figureFileSmall=sGIPeFLEk9jJM7nGwJyn1g==, figureFileBig=Ls1SSVBsE6XDU3oxPMhfSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445039390388988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Heatmaps of functional characteristics of endophytic bacteria and top OTUs in the root ofCerasus humilis with different planting years, and the influence of rhizosphere soil properties on functional characteristics and top OTUs. A: Heatmap of functional characteristics. B: Heatmap of the relationships between functional characteristics and rhizosphere soil properties. C: Heatmap of top OTUs. D: Heatmap of the relationships between top OTUs and rhizosphere soil properties., figureFileSmall=mTpbJ7N/XrXpo0HVhh0YIg==, figureFileBig=Sua6RhYJX97vizWguk2B5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445039675601673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落功能基因预测和优势OTU热图及其与根际土理化因子之间的关系, figureFileSmall=mTpbJ7N/XrXpo0HVhh0YIg==, figureFileBig=Sua6RhYJX97vizWguk2B5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445039843373839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=The PLS-PM of planting years effects. Rhizosphere soil properties: pH, SOM, TN, TP, AK, Na+, Fe2+, EC-Ca, EC-Mg and Al3+. Community composition: Main phyla with the relative abundance higher than 0.1%. Alpha diversity: Chao1, Simpson, and Shannon index, observed OTUs, Good's coverage, Fisher index and PD whole tree. The path coefficients and the explained variability in our study were calculated after 999 bootstraps. Blue solid arrows indicate positive direct effects, red solid arrows indicate negative direct effects, and blue dashed arrows indicate positive indirect effects. The thickness of the lines represents the size of the effects. Models with different structures were assessed using the goodness of fit (GoF) statistic, a measure of the overall prediction performance. For the PLS-PM represented here, the GoF was 0.65. Only the path coefficients andP-values with significant influence are marked in the figure., figureFileSmall=fmRcOFBFesO8dMz3jTVZwQ==, figureFileBig=0EeckMkCjwcPQvHr/BTDvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445040011146010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=图6, caption=种植年限对钙果根内生细菌影响的PLS-PM

Goodness of fit值为0.65认为模型的预测能力是65%. 蓝色线条代表正相关;红色线条代表负相关;直线代表直接关系;虚线代表间接关系;线条粗细代表关系的大小. 图中仅标注具有显著影响的通径系数和P

, figureFileSmall=fmRcOFBFesO8dMz3jTVZwQ==, figureFileBig=0EeckMkCjwcPQvHr/BTDvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241445040141169440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The physicalchemical characters of rhizosphere soil fromCerasus humilis with different planting years

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypePlanting years
G1G3G5
The different lowercase letters (a, b and c) on each line indicate a significant difference of rhizosphere soil with different planting years (P < 0.05).
pH5.96±0.06a5.71±0.14a5.80±0.17a
SOM (g/kg)45.93±4.23a47.07±2.44a52.73±5.15a
TN (g/kg)1.80±0.15a1.67±0.57a1.53±0.09a
TP (g/kg)0.53±0.09a0.52±0.14a0.72±0.02a
C: N15.15±2.39a20.12±5.85a20.07±2.23a
C: P53.09±9.50a60.89±15.77a42.47±5.07a
AK (mg/kg)36.51±4.58a24.9±1.70ab19.74±3.89b
Na+ (μg/kg)5.80±0.01a5.00±0.10b0.45±0.30b
交换态铁Fe2+ (mg/kg)2.01±0.55a1.43±0.37a1.25±0.32a
交换性钙EC-Ca (mg/kg)6.94±0.33b6.36±0.29b9.05±0.28a
交换性镁EC-Mg (mg/kg)1.26±0.07b1.01±0.04c2.22±0.09a
交换性铝Al3+ (mg/kg)3.62±0.29b7.53±1.53a3.58±0.63b
), ArticleFig(id=1241445040350884651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同种植年限钙果根际土理化特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypePlanting years
G1G3G5
The different lowercase letters (a, b and c) on each line indicate a significant difference of rhizosphere soil with different planting years (P < 0.05).
pH5.96±0.06a5.71±0.14a5.80±0.17a
SOM (g/kg)45.93±4.23a47.07±2.44a52.73±5.15a
TN (g/kg)1.80±0.15a1.67±0.57a1.53±0.09a
TP (g/kg)0.53±0.09a0.52±0.14a0.72±0.02a
C: N15.15±2.39a20.12±5.85a20.07±2.23a
C: P53.09±9.50a60.89±15.77a42.47±5.07a
AK (mg/kg)36.51±4.58a24.9±1.70ab19.74±3.89b
Na+ (μg/kg)5.80±0.01a5.00±0.10b0.45±0.30b
交换态铁Fe2+ (mg/kg)2.01±0.55a1.43±0.37a1.25±0.32a
交换性钙EC-Ca (mg/kg)6.94±0.33b6.36±0.29b9.05±0.28a
交换性镁EC-Mg (mg/kg)1.26±0.07b1.01±0.04c2.22±0.09a
交换性铝Al3+ (mg/kg)3.62±0.29b7.53±1.53a3.58±0.63b
), ArticleFig(id=1241445040472519477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The alpha diversity index of endophytic bacteria in the root ofCerasus humilis with different planting years

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypeChao1 indexShannon indexSimpson indexPD whole treeObserved OTUsGood’s coverage (%)Fisher index
The different lowercase letters (a, b and c) on each line indicate a significant difference of rhizosphere soil with different planting years (P < 0.05).
G1435±27b1.41±0.14b0.49±0.02ab26.77±1.67b299±24b99.93±0.00a35.42±3.27b
G3476±28ab1.37±0.14b0.45±0.02b30.07±2.87ab359±43ab99.92±0.00a43.68±5.86ab
G5557±43a2.14±0.26a0.61±0.07a37.31±2.52a472±39a99.92±0.01%a59.67±5.56a
), ArticleFig(id=1241445040606737210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241377725139701972, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌的α多样性指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TypeChao1 indexShannon indexSimpson indexPD whole treeObserved OTUsGood’s coverage (%)Fisher index
The different lowercase letters (a, b and c) on each line indicate a significant difference of rhizosphere soil with different planting years (P < 0.05).
G1435±27b1.41±0.14b0.49±0.02ab26.77±1.67b299±24b99.93±0.00a35.42±3.27b
G3476±28ab1.37±0.14b0.45±0.02b30.07±2.87ab359±43ab99.92±0.00a43.68±5.86ab
G5557±43a2.14±0.26a0.61±0.07a37.31±2.52a472±39a99.92±0.01%a59.67±5.56a
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喀斯特石漠化治理区钙果种植年限对根内细菌群落的影响
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黄雅丹 1 , 付灿 1 , 李强 2, *
微生物学报 | 地质微生物应用 2024,64(6): 2057-2070
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微生物学报 | 地质微生物应用 2024, 64(6): 2057-2070
喀斯特石漠化治理区钙果种植年限对根内细菌群落的影响
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黄雅丹1, 付灿1, 李强2, *
作者信息
  • 1 桂林医学院智能医学与生物技术学院,广西 桂林 541004
  • 2 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004
Planting years affect endophytic bacterial community ofCerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. from karst rocky desertification control areas
Yadan HUANG1, Can FU1, Qiang LI2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
出版时间: 2024-06-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240152
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存在于健康植物根中的内生细菌不但能够与宿主植物建立共生关系,而且还具有促进植物生长、提升植物对营养元素摄取能力等功能,从而对维持陆地生态平衡、提升喀斯特石漠化综合治理成效具有重要的意义。【目的】探究宿主植物根中的内生细菌群落结构,为深入认识宿主植物-内生细菌的互作机制提供理论依据。【方法】以被引种到喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化综合治理区不同种植年限钙果根中的内生细菌和根际土为研究对象,分析根内生细菌群落特征和根际土理化性质。【结果】钙果种植年限对研究区土壤质量整体有着直接、显著的影响,并间接影响根内生细菌群落。根内生细菌群落以共生互作为主,通过共网络结构识别出种植第一年和第三年的前三位优势属为链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、卡氏伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia)和噬几丁质菌属(Chitinophaga),种植第五年的前三位优势属为StreptomycesChitinophaga和海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium)。根内生细菌群落的形成主要由随机性过程中的生态漂变所主导。【结论】不同生长阶段钙果根内生细菌群落结构的差异是由于随机性过程赋予了微生物物种多样化。内生细菌群落的共生互作关系以及优势菌具有生防功能,可增强钙果定殖能力和生长,进而提升钙果在喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化综合治理区的生态效益和经济效益。

钙果  /  喀斯特  /  根内生细菌  /  群落结构

Endophytic bacteria in the roots of a healthy plant not only form a symbiotic relationship with the host plant but also promote plant growth and enhance plant uptake of nutrients, being of importance for maintaining terrestrial ecological balance and improving the comprehensive management of karst rocky desertification. [Objective] To explore the endophytic bacterial communities in the roots of host plants and provide a theoretical basis for deeply understanding the interaction mechanisms between host plants and endophytic bacteria. [Methods] The community structures of endophytic bacteria and physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil ofCerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. introduced for the control of rocky desertification in the karst graben basin with different years were studied. [Results] Planting years ofC.humilis had a direct and significant influence on the rhizosphere soil quality and an indirect effect on the bacterial community in the roots. The endophytic bacterial community was mainly characterized by symbiotic interactions. The top three dominant bacterial genera identified by the co-occurrence network in the first year and third year wereStreptomyces,Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia andChitinophaga, and the top three dominant bacterial genera in the fifth year wereStreptomyces,Chitinophaga and Haliangium, which had biocontrol effects. The endophytic bacterial community was shaped by stochastic ecological drift processes. [Conclusion] The differences of endophytic bacterial communities along the planting year gradient are due to the microbial diversity endowed by stochastic processes. The interactions among endophytic bacteria and the dominant bacteria with biocontrol effects could promote the colonization and growth ofC.humilis, thereby enhancing the ecological and economic benefits ofC.humilis for the comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the karst graben basin.

Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok.  /  karst  /  endophytic bacteria  /  community structure
黄雅丹, 付灿, 李强. 喀斯特石漠化治理区钙果种植年限对根内细菌群落的影响. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (6) : 2057 -2070 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240152
Yadan HUANG, Can FU, Qiang LI. Planting years affect endophytic bacterial community ofCerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. from karst rocky desertification control areas[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (6) : 2057 -2070 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240152
存在于健康植物组织中的内生菌不但能够与宿主植物建立共生关系,而且还具有促进植物生长、增强植物抗逆性、提高植物对病原菌的抵抗力、提升植物对营养元素的摄取能力等功能[1-5]。内生菌的群落结构和多样性通常会受到宿主植物类型、宿主植物部位以及宿主植物生境等因素的影响[6],因此探究宿主植物体内的菌群结构及变化规律对深入认识宿主植物-内生菌互作的微生态机制以及为相关功能菌株的筛选提供理论依据[7]
喀斯特生态系统作为一种相对脆弱的生态系统,在强烈人为干扰下,一旦植被受损,土壤将迅速流失,最终导致石漠化的形成[8]。为遏制石漠化,中国相继实施了退耕还林、石漠化综合治理等生态工程。喀斯特断陷盆地作为我国石漠化综合治理类型中难度最大的区域,面临着干旱频发、植被难恢复、连作障碍突出等问题[9]。钙果[Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok.]作为中国特有的矮小落叶灌木果树,果实钙含量高达60−70 mg/100 g,位居各种水果之首[10]。钙果还凭借其根系发达和极强的抗旱、抗寒、抗贫瘠能力,以及显著的生态效益和经济效益,被应用于生态修复中。因此,钙果被引种到喀斯特断陷盆地进行石漠化综合治理。尽管Tang等[11]研究了不同种植年限钙果区的根际微生物群落结构及其与土壤有机碳化学组分的耦合关系,然而不同种植年限钙果根中的内生菌群落结构、多样性还有待进一步探索,以便评价其对当地生态环境的适应性。为此,我们在前期已有研究的基础上,进一步探究不同种植年限钙果根内生菌群落,以期揭示以下3个科学问题:(1) 不同种植年限钙果根内生菌的群落结构和多样性差异;(2) 不同种植年限钙果根内生菌群潜在生态功能;(3) 不同种植年限钙果根内生菌群落与环境因子的耦合关系。
本研究在云南省蒙自市西北勒乡喀斯特石漠化综合治理示范区(103.4656°E, 23.47801°N)开展。该区海拔1 900−2 400 m,北回归线穿过境内,处于低纬度高原地区,亚热带季风气候显著,光照条件充足,昼夜温差大,土壤pH值5.5−6.7,偏微酸性,土壤类型为红色石灰土[11]。过去由于农业活动强烈,水土流失严重,为此将根系发达的钙果引种到该区进行水土流失防治。样品采集时,钙果在该区的种植年限分别为1、3和5年(分别用G1、G3和G5表示)。
于2020年8月3日采集钙果根系及根际土样品。整株钙果挖出后,抖动根系,将轻轻抖动后仍附着在根系上的土定义为根际土,小心收集附着在根系上的土壤,并用无菌手术刀切割嫩根,根际土和嫩根分别装在无菌采样袋里。每种种植年限的钙果根系及其对应的根际土均采集3个重复。采集到的样品立即放在冰盒中并运回实验室,−20 ℃冰箱储存,用于后续实验。
根际土理化性质的测定参照《土壤农业化学分析方法》[12]。根用灭菌后的去离子水充分洗掉表面附着物,液氮磨碎后放入带有无菌玻璃珠的离心管中用于DNA提取。根内总DNA根据土壤DNA提取试剂盒(Qiagen公司)说明书进行。提取合格的根内总DNA利用515F (5′-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3′)和907R (5′-CCGTCAATTCMTTTRAGTTT-3′)引物对根内生细菌的16S rRNA V4−V5区进行扩增[13],并在广东美格基因科技有限公司完成测序。
根内生细菌测序结果利用Flash软件合并后在QIIME 1平台上进行质控、过滤、嵌合体的去除、抽平,测序深度为163921。采用Cluster命令对97%相似水平的操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)代表序列进行分类学分析,并把代表性OTU与Silva 132核糖体数据库进行细菌比对。样品α多样性指数和β多样性(Unweighted UniFrac和Weighted UniFrac)距离矩阵利用QIIME 1平台进行计算,采用FAPROTAX (functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa) 1.1进行根内生细菌功能预测。
利用R平台(https://www.r-project.org/)进行数据处理。基于Unweighted UniFrac和Weighted UniFrac距离矩阵进行主坐标分析(principal co-ordinates analysis, PCoA)和相似性分析(analysis of similarities, ANOSIM)来比较不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落组成的相似性和差异性。利用“ape”和“picante”工具包并基于零模型计算β最邻近指数(β-nearest taxon index,βNTI)和Raup-Crick指数(Bray-Curtis-based Raup Crick metrics,RCbray),解析根内生细菌群落构建机制[βNTI < –2和βNTI > 2分别表明确定性构建过程的同质性选择和异质性选择,而随机性构建过程包括扩散限制(|βNTI| < 2,RCbray > 0.95)、同质性扩散(|βNTI| < 2,RCbray < –0.95)和生态漂变(|βNTI| < 2,RCbray < 0.95)][14]。基于热图(heatmap)分析不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落的功能基因丰度、优势OTU丰度及其与环境因子的关系。在李强[15]的研究基础上,选择每一组内相对丰度大于0.001%的OTU利用Gephi 0.9.2软件绘制根内生细菌的互作网络图。利用SPSS软件对数据进行统计分析。最后,基于偏最小二乘路径模型(partial least squares path modeling, PLS-PM)分析根内生细菌群落、多样性、功能基因与根际土因子和种植年限的关系。
表1为不同种植年限钙果根际土的pH、土壤有机质(soil organic matter, SOM)、总氮(total nitrogen, TN)、总磷(total phosphorus, TP)、C: N、C: P、速效钾(available potassium, AK)、Na+、交换态铁(Fe2+)、交换性钙(exchangeable calcium, EC-Ca)、交换性镁(exchangeable magnesium, EC-Mg)和交换性铝(Al3+)结果。受种植年限影响,根际土SOM呈逐渐增加趋势,TN、AK、Na+、Fe2+呈逐渐减少的趋势,而其他理化指标无明显的变化规律。此外,AK和Na+受钙果种植年限影响在G1和G5阶段具有显著的差异。
不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌的优势门为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),其相对平均丰度 > 99.75%。ActinobacteriaAcidobacteriaChloroflexi的相对平均丰度随着种植年限的增加而增加;Firmicutes的相对平均丰度随着种植年限的增加而降低;而CyanobacteriaProteobacteriaBacteroidetes的相对平均丰度随着种植年限的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势(图1)。此外,同一种植年限钙果根内生细菌在门水平上的相对丰度也不尽相同(图1),进而反映出植株个体差异对根内生细菌群落的影响。通过进一步分析发现,Chao1指数、谱系多样性指数(PD whole tree)、可观测的OTUs (observed OTUs)、费雪指数(Fisher index)等α多样性指标均表现出随着种植年限的增加而增加的趋势,而测序深度指数(Good’s coverage)均 > 99.00%表明测序结果能够反映根内生细菌群落的真实情况。Shannon指数和Simpson指数等α多样性指标尽管整体呈现随种植年限增加而增加的趋势,但具体表现为先降低后升高的趋势(表2)。由于α多样性仅能反映生境内的多样性而β多样性可反映生境间的多样性,因此基于β多样性的PCoA和ANOSIM分析结果表明,不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落存在显著差异(图2)。不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落的|βNTI|值< 2 (图3),表明随机过程主导钙果根内生细菌群落的构建,而所有样方的RCbray < 0.95则表明根内生细菌群落更容易受生态漂变的影响。
钙果根内生细菌群落互作网络的模块化指数均 > 0.74,说明网络具有模块性(图4)。随着种植年限的增加,钙果根内生细菌群落互作网络的平均度呈增加的趋势(44.39、59.01和86.58),并且微生物之间以共生为主(正相关性边占全部边数分布为65.82%、75.1%和66.01%)。此外,通过互作网络还识别出链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、卡氏伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia)、噬几丁质菌属(Chitinophaga)为G1和G3样地的前3位优势属,而G5样地的前3位优势属为StreptomycesChitinophaga和海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium),从而说明它们在群落中具有重要的作用。
不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落功能基因预测结果如图5A5B所示,在钙果种植初期,根内生细菌的功能基因以尿素分解(ureolysis)和芳香化合物降解(aromatic compound degradation)为主,在钙果种植第3年以氮固定(nitrogen fixation)为主,而在钙果种植第5年则以壳聚糖分解(chitinolysis)、纤维素水解作用(cellulolysis)、发酵(fermentation)、需氧异养(aerobic chemoheterotrophy)、硝酸盐呼吸(nitrate respiration)、硝酸盐还原(nitrate reduction)、氮呼吸(nitrogen respiration)、捕食性或外寄生性(predatory or exoparasitic)、光异养(photoheterotrophy)、光生植物(phototrophy)、化学异养(chemoheterotrophy)为主,说明随着植物种植年限的增加,内生菌的功能基因多样性呈现出增加的趋势。此外,交换性钙、交换性镁与需氧异养作用显著正相关;交换性镁与纤维素水解作用显著正相关;SOM与需氧异养、光异养、光生植物的作用显著正相关;Na+具有抑制纤维素水解作用、光异养、光生植物、捕食性或外寄生性、壳聚糖分解、化学异养等功能。由于微生物个体是功能基因携带者,因此如图5C5D所示,在钙果种植第1年,属于Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia的OTU6和OTU398表现出较高的相对丰度;在钙果种植第3年,属于无氧芽孢杆菌属(Anoxybacillus)的OTU7和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)的OTU15表现出较高的相对丰度;在钙果种植第5年,属于游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes)的OTU24、属于根瘤菌属(Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium)的OTU23、属于Chitinophaga的OTUs (OTU8、OTU11和OTU22)、属于戴氏菌属(Dyella)的OTU26、属于肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)的OTU3、属于糖霉菌属(Glycomyces)的OTU13、属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)的OTU16、属于罗河杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)的OTU19、属于类固醇杆菌属(Steroidobacter)的OTU10和属于Streptomyces的OTUs (OTU5、OTU82、OTU513和OTU177)表现出较高的相对丰度。此外,OTUs (OTU5、OTU82和OTU177)与交换性钙、交换性镁显著正相关;SOM与OTUs (OTU5、OTU9、19、OTU24、OTU26、OTU82、OTU177和OTU513)显著正相关;Na+对OTU23及OTU16具有抑制作用,而Al3+对OTU7显著促进作用。
PLS-PM分析结果如图6所示,种植年限对根际土理化性质有着直接(通径系数=0.79)、显著(P=0.04)的影响,而对根内生菌多样性有着间接(通径系数=0.58)、显著(P=0.02)的影响。尽管种植年限可通过影响根际土理化性质间接影响根内生菌群落结构,但是这种影响无显著性。此外,根内生菌群落结构能够显著(P=0.001)影响根内生菌α多样性和功能基因的表达,而根内生菌群落功能对根内生菌α多样性有着直接(通径系数=0.31)、显著(P=0.001)的影响,从而说明微生物功能性状与微生物的多样性、群落构建等过程密切相关。
随着植被种植年限增加,土壤质量及理化性质发生变化[16]。植物生长过程中不断利用土壤中的营养元素,并通过根系分泌物、茎和根凋落物的输入增加土壤有机质。鉴于土壤钾、钠和铁等元素主要来源于母质矿化和生物地球化学循环补充,因此在缺乏生物地球化学循环补充时,母质风化速率低于植物利用速率将造成钾、钠和铁在根际土中的含量呈降低趋势[15]。此外,碳酸盐岩多为高氮母岩(约1 200 mg/kg)[17],因此该区土壤氮随着钙果种植年限增加而降低可能与碳酸盐岩风化速率不能满足植株利用速率有关,这一结果也与喀斯特石漠化治理区植被恢复初期土壤存在N限制的结果相吻合[15]。已有研究结果表明,土壤C: N < 30意味着存在硝酸盐淋溶风险[18],因此土壤氮减少也与喀斯特土壤易淋溶流失有关。由于我国陆地表层土壤C: P通常接近136[19],而本研究C: P均低于该值,也进一步表明该区土壤存在N制约问题。
植被种植年限不但影响土壤质量,而且还对土壤微生物群落结构产生影响。目前关于植被变化、生态恢复对喀斯特土壤微生物、根际微生物群落结构的影响已有较深入的研究[11,15-16],而关于单一物种种植年限变化对喀斯特根内微生物影响的研究较少。此外,以往关于植物根内生细菌与宿主关系的获取多是基于盆栽试验在单因素条件下测得的[20],考虑到内生细菌具有固氮、促进植物生长、增强植物抗性、生物防治等方面的作用[1-5],因此研究自然条件下内生菌是否对植物具有促生作用可为石漠化综合治理选择最适植物、土壤类型和微生物群落提供可能性。本研究结果表明,随着种植年限增加,钙果根内生细菌优势门丰度发生变化,进而反应出相同环境下生长的同种植物根部,内生细菌多样性会随宿主生长阶段的变化而变化。这一结果与Kuklinsky-Sobral等[21]关于大豆内生细菌种类与宿主植物年龄以及获得内生细菌季节等因素有关的结论相吻合。
微生物多样性是衡量群落复杂程度的指标,也是稳定生态系统的重要保障,并且与环境有着密切的关系[22],因此,随着宿主植物生长,内生细菌群落多样性会发生相应变化。本研究表明,钙果根内生细菌群落多样性呈现增加趋势。由于谱系多样性指数反映群落的谱系关系和进化历史[23],因此,随着宿主的生长,为适应宿主及环境变化,内生菌需要与植物协同进化[24]。通过进一步分析发现,钙果根内生细菌群落单一α多样性指标增加并不显著,这是因为α多样性通常描述物种内的丰富度、多样性、均匀度等指标,而β多样性则是表述沿着环境梯度不同群落之间物种组成的差异性[25]。为此,基于β多样性PCoA和ANOSIM分析结果表明,不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落存在显著差异,从而表明内生细菌种类与植物年龄等因素有关[20]。由于内生菌需要从宿主植物中获取生存所需空间及养分,因此内生菌若能与植物协同进化,则其面临的环境选择压力将相对减轻[26]。这种协同进化的关系造成不同种植年限钙果根内生细菌群落结构及其多样性由随机性过程中的生态漂变主导,并通过随机性过程赋予微生物物种的多样化[13]
宿主植物年龄对其根内生细菌群落的影响还能通过互作网络反映出来。随着钙果种植年限的增加,其根内生菌互作网络平均度呈增加趋势,并且根内生菌之间以共生为主,从而说明内生细菌群落与植物年龄等密切相关,并能通过根内生菌之间的互作关系,增强其在环境中的生存竞争力[27]。由于植物根可为内生细菌提供寄居环境,而内生菌则通过促进植物根生长、提供营养、抑制病原菌等方式,为植物的生长发育和健康提供支持[24],因此,通过共网络结构进一步识别出研究区种植第一年和第三年的前三位优势属为StreptomycesBurkholderia-Caballeronia-ParaburkholderiaChitinophaga,种植第五年的前三位优势属为StreptomycesChitinophagaHaliangium。通常认为Streptomyces具有产生抗生素的能力[28]Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia有助于缓解连作障碍[29]Chitinophaga与抑病相关[28]以及Haliangium具有潜在的生防作用[30]。由于微生物和植物在进化过程中相互作用,并帮助植物在陆地上定殖[24],因此可以推测随着种植年限的延长,具有潜在生防作用的根内生细菌能提升钙果对喀斯特石漠化的生存能力,进而提升其生态效益和经济效益。这一结果也与钙果在我国的高寒地区引种栽培试验取得较好成果以及具有很好的适应性相吻合[10]。考虑到多年生植物的生命周期与环境条件和内生菌相关[31-32],加之微生物释放的化学物质对植物的生长产生促进作用,因此在一定周期上内生细菌可促进宿主植物生长,但是定殖于宿主植物体内的微生物何时产生伤害作用还有待深入研究。
随着微生物与宿主植物的协同进化,内生益生菌不但能促进植物整体发育,增加植物体积和生物量,也可以帮助植物根系扩张,提升植物对营养元素的吸收效率,提高植物产量[1-5]。此外,微生物是其相应功能基因的携带者,因此内生益生菌对宿主的促进作用能够通过其功能基因丰度、个体丰度与营养元素的关系表征出来。喀斯特土壤中大量存在的钙离子、镁离子与具有产生抗生素能力并属于Streptomyces的OTUs (OTU5、OTU82和OTU177)显著正相关,从而说明钙离子、镁离子通过调节细菌功能进而增强植物的免疫力[13]。喀斯特土壤中的钙离子、镁离子还能通过促进需氧异养型微生物的生长[33],加速土壤元素生物地球化学循环过程。此外,喀斯特土壤中的镁离子能作为激活剂使纤维素降解率提高[34],从而改善土壤质量和提高植物生长。由于土壤中Al3+通常对植物根系造成毒害,抑制植物生长和发育,为此,根内Anoxybacillus的出现能够通过编码G2alt基因释放铝抗性蛋白进而避免植物遭受土壤铝的毒害[35],尤其在土壤pH < 7.0时。尽管钠离子可通过植物细胞膜上的离子通道和钠离子转运蛋白进入细胞,造成蛋白质合成受阻、酶活性失活、光合作用受到影响等[36],但是随着植物的生长和土壤质量的改善,钠离子对根内细菌纤维素水解作用和光异养、自养等功能的抑制作用会降低。此外,由于Streptomyces能够产生胞外多糖[37]Dyella能够参与有机碳降解[38]Actinoplanes能够产生阿卡波糖[39]以及RhodanobacterBurkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia(OTU9)喜欢在养分充足的条件下富集[40-41],因此内生益生菌能够促进根际土壤有机质的形成和积累。
由于植物在生长过程需要利用多种营养元素,因此,进入植物体内的单一元素与内生菌之间的关系不能全面反映宿主与微生物之间的关系[13]。为此,本研究通过PLS-PM发现,钙果种植年限对土壤质量整体有着显著的影响,而这种影响对单一土壤理化指标并不显著。钙果种植年限还间接、显著改变根内生菌的多样性。由于微生物物种多样性、群落构建与功能性状密切相关,因此,内生菌群落结构在其生境内决定了物种多样性和功能性状,并且内生菌群落多样性对生态系统的稳定性和功能有重要影响[42]。为提高引种植物的经济和生态价值,需要考虑植物种类、栽培条件、生态环境等因素对内生细菌的影响,进而使植物与内生菌形成良好的互作关系。由于本研究仅涉及钙果根内生菌在短时间尺度内(≤5年)的群落特征,而在长时间尺度和大规模地理分布格局上是否具有同样的规律还有待深入的研究。然而,无论如何,在今后开展喀斯特石漠化治理过程中,必须考虑定殖于宿主植物体内的细菌是否具有促生作用才能推动石漠化治理的成效。
(1) 钙果种植年限对土壤质量整体有着显著的影响,而这种影响对单一土壤理化指标并不显著。
(2) 根内生细菌群落结构与植物年龄等因素有关,其群落结构主要与随机性过程中的生态漂变有关,这是因为随机性过程赋予了微生物物种多样化。
(3) 随着钙果种植年限的增加,根内生细菌形成了共生互作关系,并且优势菌具有生防功能,说明根内生细菌对增强钙果定殖能力具有促进作用,提升喀斯特断陷盆地石漠化综合治理区的生态效益和经济效益。
  • 中央引导地方科技发展专项(桂科ZY20198009)
  • 广西壮族自治区重点研发计划(桂科AB21196065)
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2024年第64卷第6期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240152
  • 接收时间:2024-03-09
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-06-04
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-09
  • 录用日期:2024-05-20
基金
Special Funds for Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Government of China(桂科ZY20198009)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(桂科ZY20198009)
Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(桂科AB21196065)
广西壮族自治区重点研发计划(桂科AB21196065)
作者信息
    1 桂林医学院智能医学与生物技术学院,广西 桂林 541004
    2 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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