Article(id=1241376212359106671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241376204247331313, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230764, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1702310400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1707235200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-02-07, onlineDate=1773896752681, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1714752000000, pubDateStr=2024-05-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773896752681, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773896752681, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773896752681, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241376204247331313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='5', pageStart='1331', pageEnd='1682', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773896750747, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773897643611, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241379949253284790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241376204247331313, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241379949253284791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241376204247331313, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1593, endPage=1606, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241376214900854996, articleId=1241376212359106671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Polysaccharide hydrolysis activity and genomic information ofSaccharophagus degradans FZY0027, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To analyze the polysaccharide hydrolysis activity and genomic characteristics of a Gram-negative bacterial strain FZY0027 isolated from intertidal seawater. [Methods] The strain FZY0027 was identified based on the morphological characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence, and the whole genome sequence determined by Illumina NovaSeq and Oxford Nanopore PromethION. Bioinformatics tools such as dbCAN, EasyCGTree, BRIG, and Easyfig were used to compare the strain FZY0027 withSaccharophagus degradans 2-40T. The 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method was employed to measure the polysaccharide hydrolysis activity of strain FZY0027. [Results] The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed the similarity of 99.9% between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T, and thus strain FZY0027 was preliminarily identified asS.degradans FZY0027. The highest levels of reducing sugars (2.28, 1.75, and 1.10 mg/mL, respectively) were produced by FZY0027 through the hydrolysis of starch, xylan, and mannose. The genome of strain FZY0027 was 5 178 381 bp, encoding a total of 4 156 genes, with the G+C content of 45.8%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T were 96.5%, 96.7%, and 70.0%, respectively. A total of 303 genes were annotated in the Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme database, and there was a significant difference in the number (137 and 130, respectively) of genes encoding glycoside hydrolases (GHs) between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T. Strain FZY0027 carried multiple genes involved in the hydrolysis of starch and xylan, which was corresponding to its strong ability to hydrolyse starch and xylan. However, compared withS.degradans 2-40T, strain FZY0027 could only hydrolyse a few polysaccharides under the experimental conditions in this study, which suggested that this strain may require specific culture conditions to fully exert its polysaccharide hydrolysis ability. [Conclusion] Strain FZY0027 is a versatile polysaccharide-hydrolyzing bacterium with the potential for bioresource utilization.

, correspAuthors=Daofeng ZHANG, Wenjun LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*LI Wenjun, E-mail:;
ZHANG Daofeng, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2024 Acta Microbiologica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ziyue FU, Daofeng ZHANG, Menghan HUANG, Jinglin LI, Haochen SU, Wenjun LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241376217811702243, articleId=1241376212359106671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=一株糖降解噬糖菌FZY0027的多糖水解活性及基因组分析, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】潮间带海水中分离获得一株具有水解多糖能力的菌株FZY0027,分析其对不同多糖的水解能力和基因组特征。【方法】通过形态观察、16S rRNA基因测序和基于Illumina NovaSeq和Oxford Nanopore PromethION测序技术全基因组测序对菌株FZY0027进行鉴定。使用dbCAN、EasyCGTree、BRIG和Easyfig等生物信息学软件将菌株FZY0027和降解糖噬糖菌(Saccharophagus degradans) 2-40T进行比较。使用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸(3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)法测定多糖水解活性。【结果】菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40T的16S rRNA基因序列相似度达到99.9%,初步鉴定为降解糖噬糖菌(S.degradans) FZY0027。该菌株在水解淀粉、木聚糖和甘露聚糖时产生的还原糖浓度最高,分别为2.28、1.75和1.10 mg/mL。菌株FZY0027基因组全长5 178 381 bp,共编码4 156个基因,G+C含量为45.8%。菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40T的平均核苷酸一致性(average nucleotide identity, ANI)、平均氨基酸一致性(average amino acid identity, AAI)和DNA-DNA分子杂交(digital DNA-DNA hybridization, dDDH)值分别为96.5%、96.7%和70.0%。经碳水化合物活性酶数据库注释获得303个基因,其中,菌株FZY0027和S.degradans 2-40T分别有糖苷水解酶(glycoside hydrolases, GHs)结构域的基因137个和130个。菌株FZY0027具有多个参与淀粉、木聚糖等多糖水解的基因,这与菌株FZY0027对淀粉和木聚糖的水解能力强的结果一致。然而,与S.degradans 2-40T相比,菌株FZY0027在实验条件下只能水解少数多糖,这可能需要特定的诱导条件才能充分发挥其多糖水解能力。【结论】菌株FZY0027是一株多能型多糖水解菌,具有潜在开发价值。

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2 State Key Laboratory of Pest Biocontrol and Resource Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241446123668296237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, authorId=1241446123441803804, language=CN, stringName=李文均, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, *, address=1 河海大学海洋学院 海洋生物研究所, 江苏 南京 210098
2 中山大学生命科学学院 有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室, 广东 广州 510275
3 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241446119499157886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241446119511740801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, companyId=1241446119499157886, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Institute of Marine Biotechnology and Bio-resource Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241446119633375627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, companyId=1241446119499157886, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河海大学海洋学院 海洋生物研究所, 江苏 南京 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url=https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SQGX202202003.htm, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=Journal of Qilu University of Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEI XF, FAN H, MA J, WANG JQ, LI PW.Research progress of carbohydrate-binding modules[J].Journal of Qilu University of Technology,2022,36(2):13-19 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Research progress of carbohydrate-binding modules, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241446129045394139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, awardId=31900001, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241446129246720741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, awardId=31900001, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(31900001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241446129397715694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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A: Colony morphology of strain FZY0027 cultured on R2A medium 28 ℃ for 3 days. B: Colony morphology of strain FZY0027 cultured on 2216E medium 28 ℃ for 3 days. C: Transmission electron micrograph showing the cell morphology of strain FZY0027 cultured on 2216E medium 28 ℃ for 3 days; Bar: 1 μm. D: Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain FZY0027., figureFileSmall=Lm50z4VfgdruiATt8ktsEQ==, figureFileBig=kCmk0ytw9Y1Mwo2Gg0iq2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446125228577392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图1, caption=菌株FZY0027的生物学表征和系统发育地位, figureFileSmall=Lm50z4VfgdruiATt8ktsEQ==, figureFileBig=kCmk0ytw9Y1Mwo2Gg0iq2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446125362795128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Results of polysaccharide hydrolysis staining of strain FZY0027. A: 2216E agarose plate (normal streak culture). B: 2216E agarose plate. C: Cellulase agar plate. D: Starch agar plate. E: R2A agar plate. F: 2216E agar plate., figureFileSmall=jUS3sxQoSjBKzXpp/EGgkg==, figureFileBig=4Edil3Sh62gUyNwDr9D0pA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446125463458430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图2, caption=菌株FZY0027的多糖水解染色结果, figureFileSmall=jUS3sxQoSjBKzXpp/EGgkg==, figureFileBig=4Edil3Sh62gUyNwDr9D0pA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127124402818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The ability of hydrolyzing polysaccharide of strain FZY0027. *:P < 0.05; **:P < 0.01; ***:P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=3bgQ6qtUDpg0nPxsZNnsVw==, figureFileBig=30ssh+WdChIv4BCN/0UWyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127225066118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图3, caption=菌株FZY0027多糖水解能力验证, figureFileSmall=3bgQ6qtUDpg0nPxsZNnsVw==, figureFileBig=30ssh+WdChIv4BCN/0UWyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127350895242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Circlar map of the strain FZY0027 genome compared with strain 2-40T. From the left to outside: (i) The G+C content; (ii) The G+C skew; (iii) The forward coding genes; (iv) The reverse coding genes; (v) The RNA coding genes; (vi) The homologous region of strain FZY0027 and strain 2-40T, and the color indicates the identities; (vii) The annotation results from the CAZymes database, with red indicating GHs, orange indicating GTs, yellow indicating PLs, green indicating CEs, blue indicating AAs, and purple indicating CBMs. The outer labels suggest the locations of genes associated with agarose genes., figureFileSmall=B5f6BGvRMi4cZwpuS2qYrw==, figureFileBig=I0VKHtILR4vo60plfVUcSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127489307282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图4, caption=菌株FZY0027与菌株2-40T的基因组比较圈图, figureFileSmall=B5f6BGvRMi4cZwpuS2qYrw==, figureFileBig=I0VKHtILR4vo60plfVUcSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127610942103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on bac 120 gene set of strain FZY0027. Bootstrap values based on 1 000 replicates are showed at the branch points nodes. GenBank assembly accession number is indicated in the bracket.Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416T is used as out group. Bar: 0.1 substitutions per nucleotide position., figureFileSmall=SLCkhwsDhdkOArOT5gG95w==, figureFileBig=1f/VHj1bcsGInWNvlOcPgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127736771232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图5, caption=基于120个单拷贝蛋白质序列构建的菌株FZY0027最大似然法系统发育树, figureFileSmall=SLCkhwsDhdkOArOT5gG95w==, figureFileBig=1f/VHj1bcsGInWNvlOcPgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446127912932009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Genome comparison of strain FZY0027 and 2-40T using Easyfig. Vertical blocks between sequences indicate regions of shared similarity shaded according to BLASTn (blue for matches in the same direction or red for inverted matches)., figureFileSmall=LB2JJO2uQXphE43ZcMs/Hg==, figureFileBig=dQBTj6VsHNpFnj8vfkY6wQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446128084898482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图6, caption=使用Easyfig对菌株FZY0027和2-40T的基因组比较, figureFileSmall=LB2JJO2uQXphE43ZcMs/Hg==, figureFileBig=dQBTj6VsHNpFnj8vfkY6wQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446128227504828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Function gene enrichments of strain FZY0027 and strain 2-40T. A: Gene function annotation KEGG metabolic pathway classification map. B: Functional classification of carbohydrate-active enzymes., figureFileSmall=ah7Eb7fkZ1Y3vA1NozYMAQ==, figureFileBig=66pFQ29Ct+kZxUzCPzEXSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446128323973826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=图7, caption=菌株FZY0027与菌株2-40T相应基因数量统计, figureFileSmall=ah7Eb7fkZ1Y3vA1NozYMAQ==, figureFileBig=66pFQ29Ct+kZxUzCPzEXSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241446128462385868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Bioinformatics analysis of agarose genes in strains FZY0027 andSaccharophagus degradans 2-40T

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainLocus_tag/
Protein ID
ECHMMERSubstrateSignal peptide
FZY00027QFX18_151303.2.1.81|3.2.1.178GH16_16 (44−290)+CBM6 (348−458)+CBM6 (494−605)AgaroseY (1−20)
QFX18_151253.2.1.81GH50 (93−771)AgaroseY (1−24)
QFX18_074103.2.1.81GH86 (141−776)AgaroseY (1−24)
QFX18_073853.2.1.81GH86 (662−895)+GH86 (928−1343)AgaroseY (1−44)
QFX18_074403.2.1.81GH50 (91−780)AgaroseN
QFX18_073753.2.1.159GH117 (57−186)+GH117 (180−265)Neoagaro-oligosaccharideN
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40TWP_216062919.13.2.1.81|3.2.1.178GH16_16 (44−290)+CBM6 (317−458)+CBM6 (494−605)AgaroseY (1−20)
WP_216062918.13.2.1.81GH50 (93−771)AgaroseY (1−24)
WP_216065830.13.2.1.81GH86 (141−776)AgaroseY (1−24)
WP_216065835.13.2.1.81GH86 (644−877)+GH86 (910−1325)AgaroseY (1−30)
WP_216065825.13.2.1.81GH50 (98−787)AgaroseN
WP_216065837.13.2.1.159GH117 (57−188)+GH117 (180−265)Neoagaro-oligosaccharideN
), ArticleFig(id=1241446128634352338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241376212359106671, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

  菌株FZY0027与Saccharophagus degradans 2-40T中的琼胶酶基因生物信息学分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
StrainLocus_tag/
Protein ID
ECHMMERSubstrateSignal peptide
FZY00027QFX18_151303.2.1.81|3.2.1.178GH16_16 (44−290)+CBM6 (348−458)+CBM6 (494−605)AgaroseY (1−20)
QFX18_151253.2.1.81GH50 (93−771)AgaroseY (1−24)
QFX18_074103.2.1.81GH86 (141−776)AgaroseY (1−24)
QFX18_073853.2.1.81GH86 (662−895)+GH86 (928−1343)AgaroseY (1−44)
QFX18_074403.2.1.81GH50 (91−780)AgaroseN
QFX18_073753.2.1.159GH117 (57−186)+GH117 (180−265)Neoagaro-oligosaccharideN
Saccharophagus degradans 2-40TWP_216062919.13.2.1.81|3.2.1.178GH16_16 (44−290)+CBM6 (317−458)+CBM6 (494−605)AgaroseY (1−20)
WP_216062918.13.2.1.81GH50 (93−771)AgaroseY (1−24)
WP_216065830.13.2.1.81GH86 (141−776)AgaroseY (1−24)
WP_216065835.13.2.1.81GH86 (644−877)+GH86 (910−1325)AgaroseY (1−30)
WP_216065825.13.2.1.81GH50 (98−787)AgaroseN
WP_216065837.13.2.1.159GH117 (57−188)+GH117 (180−265)Neoagaro-oligosaccharideN
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一株糖降解噬糖菌FZY0027的多糖水解活性及基因组分析
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傅子玥 1 , 张道锋 1, * , 黄梦涵 1 , 李敬霖 1 , 苏浩辰 1 , 李文均 1, 2, 3, *
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(5): 1593-1606
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(5): 1593-1606
一株糖降解噬糖菌FZY0027的多糖水解活性及基因组分析
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傅子玥1, 张道锋1, * , 黄梦涵1, 李敬霖1, 苏浩辰1, 李文均1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1 河海大学海洋学院 海洋生物研究所, 江苏 南京 210098
  • 2 中山大学生命科学学院 有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室, 广东 广州 510275
  • 3 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
Polysaccharide hydrolysis activity and genomic information ofSaccharophagus degradans FZY0027
Ziyue FU1, Daofeng ZHANG1, * , Menghan HUANG1, Jinglin LI1, Haochen SU1, Wenjun LI1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Marine Biotechnology and Bio-resource Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, China
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Pest Biocontrol and Resource Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
出版时间: 2024-05-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230764
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【目的】潮间带海水中分离获得一株具有水解多糖能力的菌株FZY0027,分析其对不同多糖的水解能力和基因组特征。【方法】通过形态观察、16S rRNA基因测序和基于Illumina NovaSeq和Oxford Nanopore PromethION测序技术全基因组测序对菌株FZY0027进行鉴定。使用dbCAN、EasyCGTree、BRIG和Easyfig等生物信息学软件将菌株FZY0027和降解糖噬糖菌(Saccharophagus degradans) 2-40T进行比较。使用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸(3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)法测定多糖水解活性。【结果】菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40T的16S rRNA基因序列相似度达到99.9%,初步鉴定为降解糖噬糖菌(S.degradans) FZY0027。该菌株在水解淀粉、木聚糖和甘露聚糖时产生的还原糖浓度最高,分别为2.28、1.75和1.10 mg/mL。菌株FZY0027基因组全长5 178 381 bp,共编码4 156个基因,G+C含量为45.8%。菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40T的平均核苷酸一致性(average nucleotide identity, ANI)、平均氨基酸一致性(average amino acid identity, AAI)和DNA-DNA分子杂交(digital DNA-DNA hybridization, dDDH)值分别为96.5%、96.7%和70.0%。经碳水化合物活性酶数据库注释获得303个基因,其中,菌株FZY0027和S.degradans 2-40T分别有糖苷水解酶(glycoside hydrolases, GHs)结构域的基因137个和130个。菌株FZY0027具有多个参与淀粉、木聚糖等多糖水解的基因,这与菌株FZY0027对淀粉和木聚糖的水解能力强的结果一致。然而,与S.degradans 2-40T相比,菌株FZY0027在实验条件下只能水解少数多糖,这可能需要特定的诱导条件才能充分发挥其多糖水解能力。【结论】菌株FZY0027是一株多能型多糖水解菌,具有潜在开发价值。

降解糖噬糖菌  /  多糖水解活性  /  基因组  /  生物信息学分析

[Objective] To analyze the polysaccharide hydrolysis activity and genomic characteristics of a Gram-negative bacterial strain FZY0027 isolated from intertidal seawater. [Methods] The strain FZY0027 was identified based on the morphological characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence, and the whole genome sequence determined by Illumina NovaSeq and Oxford Nanopore PromethION. Bioinformatics tools such as dbCAN, EasyCGTree, BRIG, and Easyfig were used to compare the strain FZY0027 withSaccharophagus degradans 2-40T. The 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method was employed to measure the polysaccharide hydrolysis activity of strain FZY0027. [Results] The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed the similarity of 99.9% between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T, and thus strain FZY0027 was preliminarily identified asS.degradans FZY0027. The highest levels of reducing sugars (2.28, 1.75, and 1.10 mg/mL, respectively) were produced by FZY0027 through the hydrolysis of starch, xylan, and mannose. The genome of strain FZY0027 was 5 178 381 bp, encoding a total of 4 156 genes, with the G+C content of 45.8%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T were 96.5%, 96.7%, and 70.0%, respectively. A total of 303 genes were annotated in the Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme database, and there was a significant difference in the number (137 and 130, respectively) of genes encoding glycoside hydrolases (GHs) between strain FZY0027 andS.degradans 2-40T. Strain FZY0027 carried multiple genes involved in the hydrolysis of starch and xylan, which was corresponding to its strong ability to hydrolyse starch and xylan. However, compared withS.degradans 2-40T, strain FZY0027 could only hydrolyse a few polysaccharides under the experimental conditions in this study, which suggested that this strain may require specific culture conditions to fully exert its polysaccharide hydrolysis ability. [Conclusion] Strain FZY0027 is a versatile polysaccharide-hydrolyzing bacterium with the potential for bioresource utilization.

Saccharophagus degradans  /  polysaccharide hydrolysis activity  /  genome  /  bioinformatics analysis
傅子玥, 张道锋, 黄梦涵, 李敬霖, 苏浩辰, 李文均. 一株糖降解噬糖菌FZY0027的多糖水解活性及基因组分析. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (5) : 1593 -1606 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230764
Ziyue FU, Daofeng ZHANG, Menghan HUANG, Jinglin LI, Haochen SU, Wenjun LI. Polysaccharide hydrolysis activity and genomic information ofSaccharophagus degradans FZY0027[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (5) : 1593 -1606 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230764
多糖水解后形成的寡糖不仅溶解性好,而且具有更好的生物活性,易于被机体吸收利用,一直是糖化学、糖生物学及糖药物学的研究热点[1]。筛选能高效水解多糖的微生物及酶类,是提高生物质多糖利用效率及实现资源转化的重要途径之一。降解糖噬糖菌(Saccharophagus degradans)是一种革兰染色阴性好氧细菌,属于γ-变形菌门,能够分解利用藻类和高等植物材料,也是目前所报道的水解多糖种类最多的海洋微生物之一,被誉为“超级降解者”[2-3]。噬糖菌的标准菌株2-40T具有高产极端酶的能力,例如其分泌的β-琼脂酶(β-agarase, EC 3.2.1.81) Aga50D具有一定的冷适性和耐碱性,酶的最适温度为30 ℃[4]S.degradans 2-40T分解琼脂的机制是采用5种β-琼脂酶(Aga50A、Aga16B、Aga86C、Aga50D和Aga86E[4-5])以及新琼脂二糖水解酶Aga117F[6]。有关S.degradans 2-40T的琼脂酶、几丁质酶和藻蛋白酶系统已被广泛研究,如能够破坏植物细胞壁上聚合物的纤维素水解酶和水解琼脂获得单糖的α-新琼脂二糖水解酶等[7]。虽然在S.degradans 2-40T全基因组中发现了多达130种含有糖苷水解酶(glycoside hydrolases, GHs)结构域的编码基因,但目前仅有少数基因的功能得到实验验证[3]。另外,S.degradans作为聚羟基丁酸酯(polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB)的可持续生产者,可以利用海藻酸盐作为碳源,在海藻酸盐固定化微藻(alginate immobilized microalgae, AIM)废水处理过程中制备PHB[8]。此外,S.degradans也可以利用褐藻生产PHB和还原糖,为生产更加廉价且丰富的PHB提供了可能[9]
除了菌株2-40T之外,从韩国济州岛南海岸采集的海藻(Gelidium amansii)中分离的噬糖菌AG21含有新型β-琼脂酶基因agy1,与菌株2-40T的Agal6B一致性为93.7%,其蛋白产物Agy1属于GH16 (glycosyl hydrolase family 16)家族,水解琼脂糖的产物主要为新琼脂六糖和新琼脂四糖[10]。从日本富山湾的沉积物中分离的噬糖菌Myt-1,含有新型的嗜碱性藻酸盐裂解酶AlgMytC,属于PL7 (polysaccharide lyase family 7)家族成员,AlgMytC与菌株2-40T的Alg7A氨基酸序列一致性为95.9%,但在碱性环境(pH 8.5−10.0)中表现出较强的酶活力[11]。由此可见,S.degradans在多糖水解领域具有重要的研究价值。在进行江苏滩涂可培养细菌资源调查过程中,从盐城大丰区潮间带的表层海水中获得一株降解糖噬糖菌,编号为S.degradans FZY0027。基于降解糖噬糖菌的广谱降解活性和优良的应用潜能,本研究对菌株FZY0027进行多糖水解活性测定和基因组分析,以评估其应用潜力。
分离筛选菌种的环境样品采自中国黄海的盐城大丰区(33°6′59′′N, 120°51′9′′E),为潮间带表层海水。使用灭菌的2.5%海盐水溶液(质量体积分数)将样品稀释至10−3,取50 μL涂布于添加2.5%海盐的R2A [碧迪医疗器械(上海)有限公司,下文简称R2A]琼脂培养基上。置于28 ℃培养7 d后,发现培养基表面形成一些琼脂降解坑洞,肉眼可见坑洞内非单一培养物。
将坑洞内的培养物梯度稀释至10−5后均匀涂布于R2A固体培养基上,置于28 ℃恒温培养5 d。随后,挑取菌落形态不同的菌株,在R2A平板上进行划线纯化培养。获得菌株FZY0027后,放置4 ℃保存备用,并刮取适量菌落于1 mL的0.5%二甲基亚砜中搅拌均匀,置于−80 ℃保藏。
菌株在R2A琼脂培养基、R2A琼脂糖培养基、2216E琼脂培养基(北京索莱宝科技有限公司)和2216E琼脂糖培养基上3 d后观察培养特征,其中琼脂和琼脂糖[生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司]的添加量分别为10%和15%。使用革兰氏染色试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司)进行革兰氏染色测试。通过透射电镜观察细胞形态(镇江专博检测科技有限公司)。
按照Ezup柱式细菌基因组DNA抽提试剂盒[生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司]操作说明提取细菌基因组DNA。以所提出的基因组DNA为模板,使用细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物进行PCR扩增[12],引物27F (5′-AGAGTTTGAT CCTGGCTCAG-3′)和1492R (5′-GGCTACCTTG TTACGACTT-3′)由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。PCR反应体系(25 μL):2×PCR Master (B532081) 12.5 µL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各1 µL,DNA模板0.5 µL,ddH2O 10 µL。PCR扩增程序:95 ℃预变性5 min;95 ℃变性30 s,54 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸100 s,共34个循环;72 ℃延伸5 min。取5 μL PCR产物,在含有SuperRed/GelRed核酸染料的0.8%琼脂糖凝胶上,160 V电泳20 min,并在凝胶成像仪下观察拍照。16S rRNA基因测序由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司完成,将所得序列与NCBI BLAST (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)数据库中的参比序列进行比对,使用MEGA X软件进行多重序列比对和系统发育分析[13]。采用Kimura双参数模型计算遗传距离[14],以邻接(neighbour- joining, NJ)法构建系统进化树[15],bootstrap置信值估算重复1 000次[16]
将菌株接种到2216E液体培养基中,28 ℃、200 r/min培养72 h后收集菌体。基因组DNA的提取和测序由武汉贝纳科技有限公司完成,使用Illumina NovaSeq 6000测序仪进行二代测序和Oxford Nanopore PromethION测序仪进行实时单分子测序(三代测序),基因组测序结果利用Unicycler (v1.0)进行组装[17-18]
将基因组数据提交到GenBank并使用NCBI的PGAP[19] (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/annotation_prok/)和eggNOG (https://eggnog-mapper.embl.de/)在线工具对基因组进行注释[20]。选择120个高度保守管家基因[21],使用EasyCGTree软件包(https://github.com/zdf1987/EasyCGTree4)构建菌株FZY0027的bac120系统发育树[22],通过iTOL在线工具(https://itol.embl.de/)对系统发育树的结果进行可视化展示。使用Genome-to-Genome Distance Caculator (GGDC)在线工具(https://ggdc.dsmz.de)计算菌株FZY0027与近缘菌株间的数字化DNA-DNA分子杂交(digital DNA-DNA hybridization, dDDH)值[23]。使用Kostas Lab的在线工具(http://enve-omics.ce.gatech.edu/g)计算菌株间的平均核苷酸一致性(average nucleotide identity, ANI)和平均氨基酸一致性(average amino acid identity, AAI)[24]
为检测胞外多糖水解酶的活性,将分离的细菌接种到添加0.5% (质量体积分数)复合多糖淀粉和羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC)的改良基础盐培养基(minimal basal medium, MBM) (g/L)中:蛋白胨10.0,琼脂15.0,海盐25.0,pH 7.2。对于琼胶酶活性检测,以R2A (每升添加25 g海盐)或2216E为基础培养基添加终浓度为1.0% (质量体积分数)的琼胶糖或1.5% (质量体积分数)琼脂为碳源物质。将接种后的平板在28 ℃下孵育4 d,染色后细菌培养物周围形成晕圈,表明了相应酶的产生[25]。为了进一步测试菌株FZY0027对不同生物质来源多糖的利用情况,将100 μL麦氏浊度为0.5的菌悬液,接种到10 mL多糖培养基中:以R2A (每升添加25 g海盐)为基础培养基加上终浓度为0.2% (质量体积分数)的多糖物质,测试菌株的碳源利用谱[26]。测试的碳源有:淀粉、海藻酸钠、木聚糖、甘露聚糖、壳聚糖、几丁质、微晶纤维素、琼胶、琼胶糖、卡拉胶、黄原胶、果胶和硫酸软骨素。28 ℃振荡培养一周,8 000 r/min离心10 min收集上清液,采用3, 5-二硝基水杨酸(3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)法测定上清液中还原糖的含量以反映对多糖的水解能力[27]。反应体系:上清液1 mL,DNS显色剂2 mL,经过5 min沸水浴终止反应,冰水冷却后定容至15 mL,测定540 nm处吸光度值。每组实验设置3个重复,不接种菌悬液的多糖培养基为空白对照。
菌株FZY0027中的碳水化合物活性酶(carbohydrate-active enzymes, CAZymes)通过CAZy数据库和NCBI数据库对比获得。CAZy (http://www.cazy.org/)属于专用功能数据库[28],是关于能够合成或分解复杂碳水化合物和糖复合物的酶类的一个数据库资源。该数据库将碳水化合物活性酶分成了六大类:糖苷水解酶类(glycoside hydrolases, GHs)、糖苷转移酶类(glycosyl transferases, GTs)、多糖裂解酶类(polysaccharide lyases, PLs)、碳水化合物酯酶类(carbohydrate esterases, CEs)、辅助模块酶类(auxiliary activities, AAs)与碳水化合物结合模块(carbohydrate-binding modules, CBMs)。利用dbCAN[29-30] (https://bcb.unl.edu/dbCAN2/index.php)在线工具将FZY0027的编码基因氨基酸序列与CAZy数据库进行比对注释;选取HMMER[31]软件为比对工具,取E-value < 1E−15的注释结果。
根据CAZy数据库注释结果,分析菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40T参与水解琼胶多糖相关酶的结构域,以分析两者的多糖水解潜能差异。使用软件BRIG (v0.95) (https://sourceforge.net/projects/brig/)[32]进行基因组特征分析,选用BLAST-2.9.0+[33]作为基因组序列比对的工具(E-value设为1E−10,一致性阈值为50%)。以菌株FZY0027的基因组作为参考序列,并以标准菌株S.degradans 2-40T作为对比序列,将GenBank格式的基因组文件输入BRIG软件,构建基因组圈图。使用软件Easyfig (http://easyfig.sourceforge.net/)[34]对菌株FZY0027和S.degradans 2-40T进行基因组共线性可视化分析。
菌株FZY0027为革兰氏阴性菌,划线接种至R2A平板并置于28 ℃培养72 h后,菌落呈圆形,红色(图1A);划线接种至2216E平板并置于28 ℃培养72 h后,菌落呈圆形,黑色,且出现明显琼脂分解现象(图1B)。在透射电镜下,菌株FZY0027的细胞呈杆状,其大小为(2.5−3.5) μm× (0.8−1.2) μm,有端生鞭毛,表面有大量囊泡(图1C)。经PCR扩增、序列测定和拼接后获得菌株FZY0027的16S rRNA基因序列长度为1 355 bp,该序列的GenBank登录号为OR502370。根据NCBI比对的结果,与菌株FZY0027的16S rRNA基因序列相似度最高的菌株有:噬糖菌属(Saccharophagus sp.) AG21 (99.9%)、S.degradans 2-40T (99.9%)、Saccharophagus sp. Myt-1 (99.9%)、Gamma proteobacterium R001 (99.9%)、S.degradans HME8281 (99.9%)、Saccharophagus sp. HK-S109 (99.9%)和Saccharophagus sp. MM1-2b (98.8%)。使用洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia cepacia) ATCC 25416T (GenBank登录号为AF097530)作为外支,基于16S rRNA基因采用NJ法构建的系统发育树,菌株FZY0027与Saccharophagus sp. Myt-1、S.degradans 2-40TSaccharophagus sp. AG21、Gamma proteobacterium R001、S.degradans HME8281和Saccharophagus sp. HK-S109聚集在一起,形成了确定的单系进化支,且该支自举值为100% (图1D)。因此,菌株FZY0027初步鉴定为降解糖噬糖菌,命名为S.degradans FZY0027,属于纤维弧菌科(Cellvibrionaceae)、γ‐变形菌门的一员。
经卢戈氏碘液染色后,菌株FZY0027在菌落周围形成较大的透明圈(图2A2B)。透明圈产生的原因是卢戈氏碘液能使琼胶多糖染成深棕色而不能使琼胶水解后产生的琼胶寡糖着色[35]。含有底物CMC的细菌培养物(图2C)用刚果红溶液淹没1 h后,通过加入1.5 mol/L NaCl冲洗平板以检测区域[36],在菌落周围形成清晰晕圈被认为是水解多糖阳性;当在含有底物如淀粉(图2D)和琼胶(图2E2F)的平板中用碘溶液淹没时[37],在培养物周围形成透明区。细菌培养物周围的晕圈的形成暗示了相应酶的产生,表明菌株FZY0027对琼胶糖、淀粉、琼胶和CMC具有一定的水解活性。通过DNS比色定糖法测定OD540,根据半乳糖标准曲线确定反应产生的还原糖含量,验证菌株FZY0027对多糖的水解活性(图3)。在胞外多糖水解体系中,菌株FZY0027对淀粉的水解能力最强,产生的还原糖浓度为2.28 mg/mL,与对照相比具有极显著性差异,其次是木聚糖(1.75 mg/mL)、甘露聚糖(1.10 mg/mL)、海藻酸钠(0.41 mg/mL)、果胶(0.22 mg/mL)、硫酸软骨素(0.15 mg/mL)、微晶纤维素(0.12 mg/mL)、几丁质(0.12 mg/mL)、卡拉胶(0.12 mg/mL)、黄原胶(0.11 mg/mL)、壳聚糖(0.11 mg/mL)、琼胶糖(0.08 mg/mL)和琼胶(0.03 mg/mL)。如图2所示,菌株FZY0027对淀粉、木聚糖、甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠表现出较强的多糖水解能力,且均具有显著差异性,但无法水解果胶、微晶纤维素、几丁质、卡拉胶、黄原胶、壳聚糖、琼胶糖及琼胶。与S.degradans 2-40T相比,菌株FZY0027在胞外多糖水解体系中水解多糖产生的还原糖浓度中对淀粉、木聚糖和甘露聚糖的水解能力更强[26],但S.degradans 2-40T对10种多糖均表现出水解活性,而本研究中的菌株FZY0027只能水解少数多糖。值得注意的是,菌株FZY0027在固体培养基上表现出较强的琼胶分解能力(图2B),但在以琼胶糖为碳源的液体培养基中未表现出水解活性(图3),可能是菌体将水解后的琼胶低聚物吸收利用而导致还原糖浓度较低。在β-琼脂糖解途径中,各种β-琼脂酶首先将琼脂糖聚合物降解为琼胶寡糖,如新琼脂四糖(neoagarotetraose, NA4)、新加罗己糖(neoagarohexaose, NA6),随后,β-琼脂酶(GH50家族)将其降解生成新琼脂二糖(neoagarobiose, NA2),并最终降解为单糖,这些单糖被微生物自身利用[38]
菌株FZY0027的基因组大小约为5.2 Mb,基因组G+C含量为45.8% (图4)。基因组序列上传至NCBI,GenBank登录号为CP123764、BioProject登录号为PRJNA958120、BioSample登录号为SAMN34277932。选择Cellvibrionaceae科中的12个菌株和外群Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416T (AF097530)基因组构建bac120进化树,结果如图5所示。菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40TS.degradans E3M17聚集在一起,自举值为100%,这一结果与16S rRNA基因系统发育树相近。菌株S.degradans 2-40TS.degradans E3M17的ANI、AAI和dDDH值分别为96.1%、100.0%和67.8%,具有极高的相似度。另外,菌株FZY0027与S.degradans 2-40TS.degradans E3M17的ANI值分别为96.5%和97.8% (高于物种划分的阈值:95.0%−96.0%),AAI值分别为96.7%和97.5% (高于物种划分的阈值:95.0%−96.0%),dDDH值分别为70.0%和79.2% (高于物种划分的阈值:70.0%),进一步证明菌株FZY0027为降解糖噬糖菌。利用Easyfig软件生成基因组圈图,对FZY0027和2-40T之间的全基因组比较。结果如图6所示,两株菌的基因组具有很强的共线性关系,未发现明显的基因重排现象,但是插入、缺失片段现象较为明显。
菌株FZY0027在KEGG数据库中注释获得2 110个基因,占基因总数的50.8%,结果如图7A所示,菌株FZY0027基因组在KEGG注释的基因主要参与六大类型代谢途径:代谢(55.9%)、细胞过程(9.0%)、环境信息处理(7.9%)、遗传信息处理(7.2%)、人类疾病(5.6%)和生物体系统(3.8%)。在代谢途径中,参与碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢的基因最多,分别有228个和143个。参与碳水化合物代谢通路中,发现39个与淀粉多糖和蔗糖代谢相关的基因,其中10个基因被注释到基因家族K01179 (内聚葡聚糖酶,可将纤维素分解为纤维糊精后再分解为纤维二糖),6个基因被注释到K05349 (β-葡萄糖苷酶,可将纤维糊精分解为纤维二糖后再分解为d-葡萄糖,或参与将β-d-葡萄糖苷水解为d-葡萄糖),4个基因被注释到K01176 (α-淀粉酶,可将淀粉或糖原水解为葡聚糖);24个与果糖和甘露糖代谢相关的基因,18个和半乳糖代谢相关的基因。KEGG数据库注释的结果表明,菌株FZY0027在碳水化合物多糖水解方面显示出巨大的潜力。
研究表明,CBMs可以与碳水化合物活性酶的底物结合,进而提高碳水化合物活性酶的催化活性[39]。如图7B所示,菌株FZY0027基因组在CAZy数据库中共注释获得303个基因,其中GHs基因137个,CBMs基因67个,PLs基因39个,GTs基因31个,CEs基因22个,AAs基因7个。尽管在CAZy数据库中共注释获得的基因数量差异不大,甚至FZY0027含有更多GHs结构域的基因,但在菌株FZY0027中可能存在一些基因未表达出来,或者需要外界环境因子的刺激才能发挥更强的水解能力。菌株FZY0027在实验室共培养物L6-3中能表现出更强的水解活性,推测菌株FZY0027与菌群中某个或某些菌株共同作用时,可以发挥更强的水解功能。这表明菌株FZY0027可能对特定环境条件更为敏感,需要特定的诱导条件才能充分发挥其多糖水解能力。
琼胶酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶等常见的多糖水解酶,主要分布在GH家族和CBM家族。其中与琼胶糖水解有关的基因主要分布在GH家族:2个属于GH117家族的α-新低聚糖水解酶(EC 3.2.1.159)基因;6个β-琼胶酶(EC 3.2.1.81)基因,分别属于GH86家族(3个基因)、GH50家族(2个基因)和GH16家族(1个)。为了探究菌株FZY0027的琼胶糖水解能力,分析参与水解琼胶糖的琼胶酶结构域,并且找出菌株FZY0027中与2-40T起到相似功能的酶和对应的蛋白质序列,从菌株FZY0027与2-40T的注释结果中提取出能够产生以琼胶(寡)糖为底物的酶的蛋白质序列进行进一步分析。结果如表1所示,菌株FZY0027含有与菌株2-40T的CAZymes注释结果几乎一致的6条蛋白质序列。另外,locus_tag为QFX18_01235和QFX18_06020的基因,其预测产物β-半乳糖苷酶对于琼脂糖的水解是必不可少的,主要参与水解β-半乳糖苷键(图4)。
与淀粉水解有关的基因包括:5个α-淀粉酶(EC 3.2.1.1)基因,分别属于GH13家族(3个基因)和CBM20家族(2个基因);2个属于GH13家族的β-淀粉酶(EC 3.2.1.20)基因;1个属于GH15家族的葡聚糖1, 4-α-葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.3)基因;1个属于GH13家族的纤维素酶(EC 3.2.1.41)基因;1个属于GH77家族的4-α-葡聚糖转移酶(EC 2.4.1.25)。与木聚糖水解有关的基因包括5个属于GH43家族的木聚糖结合结构域的基因;属于CBM2家族的1个木聚糖特异性内切β-1, 4-葡聚糖酶(EC 3.2.1.151)基因和1个溶解纤维素单加氧酶(EC 1.14.99.54)基因;1个属于CBM6家族的果胶裂解酶(EC 4.2.2.2)基因;2个属于CBM11家族的葡萄糖醛酸特异性藻酸酶(EC 4.2.2.3)和顺丁烯二酸水合酶(EC 4.2.2.11)基因;2个木聚糖1, 4-β-木糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.37)基因,分别属于GH3家族和GH43家族;2个属于CE2家族的乙酰基丙烷酯酶(EC 3.2.1.72)基因;2个属于GH67家族的木聚糖α-1, 2-葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.131)基因;4个属于CBM6家族的葡聚糖内切1, 3-β-d-葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.39)和葡聚糖内切1, 6-β-d-葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.75)基因;10个纤维素酶(EC 3.2.1.4)基因,分别属于CBM2家族(4个基因)、CBM6家族(5个基因)和GH5家族(1个基因);17个内切1, 4-β-木聚糖酶(EC 3.2.1.131)基因,分别属于CBM2家族(2个基因)、CBM6家族(7个基因)、CBM35家族(2个基因)、CBM60家族(2个基因)、GH10家族(3个基因)和GH11家族(1个基因)。CAZy数据库注释结果表明,菌株FZY0027具有多个参与淀粉、木聚糖等多糖水解的基因,这与前面在胞外多糖水解体系中,菌株FZY0027对淀粉和木聚糖的水解能力较强的结果一致。
本研究结果表明,菌株FZY0027是一株多能型多糖水解菌,对淀粉、木聚糖和甘露聚糖具有较强的水解活性,并含有多种参与多糖水解的基因,包括琼胶酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶等,这些基因主要分布在GH家族和CBM家族中。菌株S.degradans FZY0027能够为多糖水解菌的开发利用提供一种新颖的研究材料。
  • 国家自然科学基金(31900001)
  • 江苏省海洋科技创新项目(JSZRHYKJ202209)
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230764
  • 接收时间:2023-12-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-05-04
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-12
  • 录用日期:2024-02-07
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900001)
国家自然科学基金(31900001)
Innovation Project for Marine Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(JSZRHYKJ202209)
江苏省海洋科技创新项目(JSZRHYKJ202209)
作者信息
    1 河海大学海洋学院 海洋生物研究所, 江苏 南京 210098
    2 中山大学生命科学学院 有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室, 广东 广州 510275
    3 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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