Article(id=1241356312584442195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241356311292605058, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230582, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1694448000000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1703001600000, acceptedDateStr=2023-12-20, onlineDate=1773892008204, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1712160000000, pubDateStr=2024-04-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773892008204, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773892008204, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773892008204, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241356311292605058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2024', volume='64', issue='4', pageStart='981', pageEnd='1321', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773892007897, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773892637358, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241358951523087136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241356311292605058, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241358951523087137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1241356311292605058, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1064, endPage=1080, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241356313834344801, articleId=1241356312584442195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and diversity of myxobacteria in the rhizosphere ofPhragmitesaustralis in Ebinur Lake wetland, columnId=1241045257748533520, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, community structure, and diversity of uncultured myxobacteria in the rhizosphere soil ofPhragmitesaustralis in the Ebinur Lake wetland, so as to enrich the knowledge of myxobacteria resources in saline-alkaline wetlands, lay a foundation for exploiting the myxobacteria resources in extreme environments, and provide data support for the restoration of saline desert ecosystems. [Methods] The rhizosphere soil samples ofP.australis were collected from 10 sites in Ebinur Lake wetland in 3 months, and high-throughput sequencing was conducted for the V4–V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene to reveal the diversity and spatial and temporal distribution of myxobacteria. [Results] The abundance of myxobacteria, as indicated by the presence of 16S rRNA gene tags, ranged from 0.22% to 3.54% of the total bacteria in the Ebinur Lake wetland. The highest diversity was observed in July and at the sampling site 4, suggesting the correlations of genus diversity with both seasons and sample sites. A total of 14 genera of myxobacteria belonging to 8 families of 3 suborders were identified. Among them,Haliangium was the dominant genus, with the relative abundance of 10.83%–71.01%. Network co-occurrence diagrams showed that most of the bacteria interacted with myxobacteria. Spearman correlation analyses showed that the Shannon, Chao1, and ACE indices of bacteria influenced the diversity and richness of myxobacteria. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil inorganic nitrogen (IN), organic matter (OM), and water-soluble magnesium ions (Mg2+) were the main abiotic factors influencing the diversity and community structure of myxobacteria. [Conclusion] The Ebinur Lake wetland is rich in myxobacteria, the diversity and community structure of which present spatial and temporal variations. Biotic factors (bacteria) and abiotic factors (soil physico-chemical properties) jointly affect the diversity of myxobacteria.

, correspAuthors=Wenge HU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*HU Wenge, E-mail:
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【目的】研究艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤未培养黏细菌多样性、群落结构及其时空分布特征,提高对盐碱湿地等极端环境黏细菌资源的认知,为今后开发利用极端环境黏细菌资源奠定基础,也为艾比湖湿地盐漠生态系统修复提供数据支撑。【方法】采集艾比湖湿地10个样地3个月份的芦苇根际土壤,针对16S rRNA基因的V4–V5区使用高通量测序技术研究黏细菌多样性、群落结构及其时空分布特征。【结果】艾比湖湿地黏细菌16S rRNA基因Tags数占细菌的0.22%–3.54%,7月份和样地4的多样性最高,说明属多样性与季节和样地相关。本研究共鉴定到黏球菌目的3个亚目、8个科、14个属,其中海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium)为优势属,占10.83%–71.01%。网络共现图表明绝大多数细菌与黏细菌存在相互作用。Spearman分析表明,细菌的Shannon、Chao1和ACE指数影响着黏细菌的多样性和丰富度。冗余分析(redundancy analysis, RDA)表明,土壤无机氮(inorganic nitrogen, IN)、有机质(organic matter, OM)和水溶性镁离子(Mg2+)是影响黏细菌多样性、群落结构的主要非生物因子。【结论】艾比湖湿地黏细菌资源丰富,其多样性、群落结构受时空变化影响。生物因素(细菌)和非生物因素(土壤理化性质)共同影响着黏细菌多样性。

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community is a predominant and highly diverse bacterial group in soil niches, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241444635395027364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, awardId=32060002, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241444635546022312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, awardId=32060002, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32060002), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241444626066895870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241444626075284479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, companyId=1241444626066895870, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241444626096256000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, companyId=1241444626066895870, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=石河子大学生命科学学院, 新疆 石河子 832000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241444630936482008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Community structure ofPhragmitesaustralis rhizosphere soil myxobacteria in Ebinur Lake wetland at the suborder taxonomic level. lw4.1−lw4.10, respectively representing the samples of 10 sample sites in April; lw7.1−lw7.10, respectively represent the samples of 10 sample sites in July; lw10.1−lw10.10, respectively represent the samples of 10 sample sites in October., figureFileSmall=Mm9EdTTngcfUAtMcwV2l/Q==, figureFileBig=lSFWvqsU4jO/49Fs/N45TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444631041339617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图1, caption=艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤黏细菌在亚目分类水平的群落结构, figureFileSmall=Mm9EdTTngcfUAtMcwV2l/Q==, figureFileBig=lSFWvqsU4jO/49Fs/N45TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444632580649196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Community structure ofPhragmites australis rhizosphere soil myxobacteria at the genus level in the Ebinur Lake wetland. lw4.1−lw4.10, respectively representing the samples of 10 sample sites in April; lw7.1−lw7.10, respectively represent the samples of 10 sample sites in July; lw10.1−lw10.10, respectively represent the samples of 10 sample sites in October., figureFileSmall=lT/atIIL6so2WDS6T9J3rw==, figureFileBig=xGrDJPg3Veqo9lT/pmMSMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444632681312499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图2, caption=艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤黏细菌在属分类水平的群落结构, figureFileSmall=lT/atIIL6so2WDS6T9J3rw==, figureFileBig=xGrDJPg3Veqo9lT/pmMSMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444632781975810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Diversity and abundance of myxobacteria betweenPhragmites australis rhizosphere soil in 10 sentinel samples at Ebinur Lake wetland. A: Shannon and Simpson indices of 10 sample sites. B: ACE and Chao1 indices of 10 sample sites. Lw1−Lw10 indicate the 10 sentinelPhragmites australis plots sampled. The largest mean is represented by a, the smallest mean is represented by b, a is not significantly different from ab, but it is significantly different from b., figureFileSmall=YmnPznyJt2rI+D8VcgIT3g==, figureFileBig=4MTPEwgy0knGIVb3XcgFsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444632903610633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图3, caption=艾比湖湿地10个定点样地芦苇根际土壤黏细菌多样性和丰富度, figureFileSmall=YmnPznyJt2rI+D8VcgIT3g==, figureFileBig=4MTPEwgy0knGIVb3XcgFsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633037828371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Diversity and abundance of myxobacteria inPhragmites australis rhizosphere soil in three different months at Ebinur Lake wetland. A: The data illustrates the variation in the Shannon index of the myxobacterial community across the months of April, July, and October. B: The data illustrates the variation in the Simpson index of the myxobacterial community across the months of April, July, and October. C: The data illustrates the variation in the Chao1 index of the myxobacterial community across the months of April, July, and October. D: The data illustrates the variation in the ACE index of the myxobacterial community across the months of April, July, and October. *:P < 0.05; **:P < 0.01; ***:P < 0.001., figureFileSmall=Bp5Id5AjwBK9ELYCqUGF8Q==, figureFileBig=lifrTosUr+qxA6LlLXl6iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633146880279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图4, caption=艾比湖湿地3个不同月份的芦苇根际土壤黏细菌多样性和丰富度, figureFileSmall=Bp5Id5AjwBK9ELYCqUGF8Q==, figureFileBig=lifrTosUr+qxA6LlLXl6iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633285292322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=NMDS analysis ofPhragmites australis rhizosphere soil in the Ebinur Lake wetland. A: Shows the temporal changes of NMDS in myxobacterial community. B: Shows the spatial changes of myxobacterial community NMDS., figureFileSmall=TOTB7daM9LTvJWnl8TvPAg==, figureFileBig=+CkB73bq6M37uSiDDfAh+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633398538534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图5, caption=艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤NMDS分析, figureFileSmall=TOTB7daM9LTvJWnl8TvPAg==, figureFileBig=+CkB73bq6M37uSiDDfAh+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633591476533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Correlation between myxobacteria diversity index, community structure and environmental factors. A: Shows the redundancy analysis of myxobacterial diversity index and soil physicochemical factors. B: Shows the redundancy analysis of myxobacterial community and soil physicochemical factors., figureFileSmall=TgoMxVXptCLkgBp+5g/KUA==, figureFileBig=95dEvMe1tV+XKBaRusTeYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633687945534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图6, caption=黏细菌多样性指数、群落结构与环境因子相关性, figureFileSmall=TgoMxVXptCLkgBp+5g/KUA==, figureFileBig=95dEvMe1tV+XKBaRusTeYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633784414534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Correlation of alpha diversity index of rhizosphere soil bacteria and myxobacteria ofPhragmites australis in Ebinur Lake wetland. The horizontal coordinates are the myxobacteria data and the vertical coordinates are the bacteria data. Positive and negative numbers indicate positive and negative correlation; * indicates significant correlation; ** indicates extremely significant correlation., figureFileSmall=NkLJOeGAYyoqrAZRB2z5WA==, figureFileBig=1bFQ4Wd+QIoovEami33K5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444633889272142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图7, caption=艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤细菌、黏细菌α多样性指数的相关性, figureFileSmall=NkLJOeGAYyoqrAZRB2z5WA==, figureFileBig=1bFQ4Wd+QIoovEami33K5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444634006712661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Correlation of soil bacteria, myxobacteria and soil physicochemical factors inPhragmitesaustralis rhizosphere soil in Ebinur Lake wetland. A: Network diagram of myxobacteria community with bacterial community and physicochemical factors, non-yellow nodes represent myxobacteria and 5 soil physicochemical factors, all bacteria except myxobacteria are represented by yellow nodes. B: The network diagram illustrates the myxobacteria community interconnected with the bacterial community. Each node corresponds to a distinct genus, which is depicted with different colors. The size of the nodes indicates the relative abundance of each genus, while the red lines represent positive correlations and the green lines represent negative correlations., figureFileSmall=Xti0ndYyHVhj3ieLgFUP0g==, figureFileBig=pmsHzg3yiUNnPPhwKOG9IA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444634182873437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=图8, caption=艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤细菌(A)、黏细菌(B)与土壤理化因子相关性, figureFileSmall=Xti0ndYyHVhj3ieLgFUP0g==, figureFileBig=pmsHzg3yiUNnPPhwKOG9IA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241444634279342437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Ten sentinel sample plots ofPhragmitesaustralis were established at Ebinur Lake wetland

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample siteLongitudeLatitudeHeight (m)Season
Lw1−Lw10 indicate the 10 sentinelPhragmitesaustralis plots sampled. The same below.
Lw183°18′5.22″44°40′17.73″217.7April, July, October
Lw283°19′13.42″44°52′32.33″198.0April, July, October
Lw382°39′23.77″44°54′33.30″206.1April, July, October
Lw482°41′21.13″44°51′46.42″188.6April, July, October
Lw582°44′13.75″44°50′54.02″191.8April, July, October
Lw682°48′54.21″44°46′30.86″206.4April, July, October
Lw782°49′22.34″44°49′3.31″199.5April, July, October
Lw882°51′50.61″44°45′28.12″203.2April, July, October
Lw982°53′49.55″44°47′4.51″193.5April, July, October
Lw1082°54′9.19″44°43′21.91″211.0April, July, October
), ArticleFig(id=1241444634451308906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

艾比湖湿地芦苇10个定点样地

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample siteLongitudeLatitudeHeight (m)Season
Lw1−Lw10 indicate the 10 sentinelPhragmitesaustralis plots sampled. The same below.
Lw183°18′5.22″44°40′17.73″217.7April, July, October
Lw283°19′13.42″44°52′32.33″198.0April, July, October
Lw382°39′23.77″44°54′33.30″206.1April, July, October
Lw482°41′21.13″44°51′46.42″188.6April, July, October
Lw582°44′13.75″44°50′54.02″191.8April, July, October
Lw682°48′54.21″44°46′30.86″206.4April, July, October
Lw782°49′22.34″44°49′3.31″199.5April, July, October
Lw882°51′50.61″44°45′28.12″203.2April, July, October
Lw982°53′49.55″44°47′4.51″193.5April, July, October
Lw1082°54′9.19″44°43′21.91″211.0April, July, October
), ArticleFig(id=1241444634585526648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The sequencing data of 10 plots in Ebinur Lake wetland in 3 months

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample siteAprilJulyOctober
ReadsB-tagsM-tagsReadsB-tagsM-tagsReadsB-tagsM-tags
B-tags denote the number of annotated bacterial tags; M-tags denote the number of annotated myxobacterial tags.
Lw1157 15664 429519164 82860 820322136 37645 283218
Lw2114 61435 386460166 76653 903877174 51256 8061 261
Lw3175 79864 8011 064165 30455 181897159 25260 690489
Lw4157 43451 484646171 17654 9791 249159 89656 1171 100
Lw5124 38244 5791 040160 28857 4371 051175 43659 480731
Lw6158 76862 067139172 60056 8951 159160 85653 685946
Lw7145 02254 777432115 03032 841173161 98049 8201 765
Lw8154 40051 244762119 26035 684570171 65456 080900
Lw9152 77654 859931156 24254 974760110 78036 613536
Lw10131 92445 545561177 00858 8551 208117 92641 724414
), ArticleFig(id=1241444634694578556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

艾比湖湿地10个样地在3个月份的测序数据统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample siteAprilJulyOctober
ReadsB-tagsM-tagsReadsB-tagsM-tagsReadsB-tagsM-tags
B-tags denote the number of annotated bacterial tags; M-tags denote the number of annotated myxobacterial tags.
Lw1157 15664 429519164 82860 820322136 37645 283218
Lw2114 61435 386460166 76653 903877174 51256 8061 261
Lw3175 79864 8011 064165 30455 181897159 25260 690489
Lw4157 43451 484646171 17654 9791 249159 89656 1171 100
Lw5124 38244 5791 040160 28857 4371 051175 43659 480731
Lw6158 76862 067139172 60056 8951 159160 85653 685946
Lw7145 02254 777432115 03032 841173161 98049 8201 765
Lw8154 40051 244762119 26035 684570171 65456 080900
Lw9152 77654 859931156 24254 974760110 78036 613536
Lw10131 92445 545561177 00858 8551 208117 92641 724414
), ArticleFig(id=1241444634828796289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Main genus of bacteria positively associated with myxobacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genus name of myxobacteriaGenus name of bacteria
MyxococcusMarinococcus,Ammoniphilus,Pseudokineococcus,Salinarimonas
Cystobacter
Haliangium
Pseudorhodoplanes,Alsobacter,Granulicella,Planifilum,Microlunatus
Acidibacter, Pir4-lineage, unidentified-Actinomarinales
AnaeromyxobacterNitrospiraceae,Ramlibacter,Flavisolibacter,Acidibacter,Cellvibrio,Actinokineospora,Gemmatimonas,Terrabacter,Reyranella
PhaselicystisOxobacter,Sulfurifustis,Ramlibacter,Steroidobacter,Gemmata
NannocystisHaloplasma, Pir4-lineage, unidentified-Nitrospiraceae
PajaroellobacterRamlibacter,Acidibacter,Gemmatimonas,Phenylobacterium
SorangiumRuminiclostridium
), ArticleFig(id=1241444634925265289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

与黏细菌正相关的主要细菌属

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genus name of myxobacteriaGenus name of bacteria
MyxococcusMarinococcus,Ammoniphilus,Pseudokineococcus,Salinarimonas
Cystobacter
Haliangium
Pseudorhodoplanes,Alsobacter,Granulicella,Planifilum,Microlunatus
Acidibacter, Pir4-lineage, unidentified-Actinomarinales
AnaeromyxobacterNitrospiraceae,Ramlibacter,Flavisolibacter,Acidibacter,Cellvibrio,Actinokineospora,Gemmatimonas,Terrabacter,Reyranella
PhaselicystisOxobacter,Sulfurifustis,Ramlibacter,Steroidobacter,Gemmata
NannocystisHaloplasma, Pir4-lineage, unidentified-Nitrospiraceae
PajaroellobacterRamlibacter,Acidibacter,Gemmatimonas,Phenylobacterium
SorangiumRuminiclostridium
), ArticleFig(id=1241444635009151374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Main genus of bacteria negatively associated with myxobacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genus name of myxobacteriaGenus name of bacteria
CystobacterAcinetobacter,Shewanella,Salinisphaera
AnaeromyxobacterSerratia,Delftia
SorangiumPleomorphomonas
), ArticleFig(id=1241444635168534934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1241356312584442195, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

与黏细菌负相关的主要细菌属

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Genus name of myxobacteriaGenus name of bacteria
CystobacterAcinetobacter,Shewanella,Salinisphaera
AnaeromyxobacterSerratia,Delftia
SorangiumPleomorphomonas
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艾比湖湿地芦苇根际黏细菌群落多样性及其时空分布特征
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何波 , 胡文革 * , 陈雪梅 , 丁成 , 祁晓云
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024,64(4): 1064-1080
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2024, 64(4): 1064-1080
艾比湖湿地芦苇根际黏细菌群落多样性及其时空分布特征
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何波, 胡文革* , 陈雪梅, 丁成, 祁晓云
作者信息
  • 石河子大学生命科学学院, 新疆 石河子 832000
Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and diversity of myxobacteria in the rhizosphere ofPhragmitesaustralis in Ebinur Lake wetland
Bo HE, Wenge HU* , Xuemei CHEN, Cheng DING, Xiaoyun QI
Affiliations
  • School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
出版时间: 2024-04-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230582
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【目的】研究艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤未培养黏细菌多样性、群落结构及其时空分布特征,提高对盐碱湿地等极端环境黏细菌资源的认知,为今后开发利用极端环境黏细菌资源奠定基础,也为艾比湖湿地盐漠生态系统修复提供数据支撑。【方法】采集艾比湖湿地10个样地3个月份的芦苇根际土壤,针对16S rRNA基因的V4–V5区使用高通量测序技术研究黏细菌多样性、群落结构及其时空分布特征。【结果】艾比湖湿地黏细菌16S rRNA基因Tags数占细菌的0.22%–3.54%,7月份和样地4的多样性最高,说明属多样性与季节和样地相关。本研究共鉴定到黏球菌目的3个亚目、8个科、14个属,其中海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium)为优势属,占10.83%–71.01%。网络共现图表明绝大多数细菌与黏细菌存在相互作用。Spearman分析表明,细菌的Shannon、Chao1和ACE指数影响着黏细菌的多样性和丰富度。冗余分析(redundancy analysis, RDA)表明,土壤无机氮(inorganic nitrogen, IN)、有机质(organic matter, OM)和水溶性镁离子(Mg2+)是影响黏细菌多样性、群落结构的主要非生物因子。【结论】艾比湖湿地黏细菌资源丰富,其多样性、群落结构受时空变化影响。生物因素(细菌)和非生物因素(土壤理化性质)共同影响着黏细菌多样性。

艾比湖湿地  /  芦苇根际  /  黏细菌多样性  /  土壤环境因子  /  时空分布特征

[Objective] To study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, community structure, and diversity of uncultured myxobacteria in the rhizosphere soil ofPhragmitesaustralis in the Ebinur Lake wetland, so as to enrich the knowledge of myxobacteria resources in saline-alkaline wetlands, lay a foundation for exploiting the myxobacteria resources in extreme environments, and provide data support for the restoration of saline desert ecosystems. [Methods] The rhizosphere soil samples ofP.australis were collected from 10 sites in Ebinur Lake wetland in 3 months, and high-throughput sequencing was conducted for the V4–V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene to reveal the diversity and spatial and temporal distribution of myxobacteria. [Results] The abundance of myxobacteria, as indicated by the presence of 16S rRNA gene tags, ranged from 0.22% to 3.54% of the total bacteria in the Ebinur Lake wetland. The highest diversity was observed in July and at the sampling site 4, suggesting the correlations of genus diversity with both seasons and sample sites. A total of 14 genera of myxobacteria belonging to 8 families of 3 suborders were identified. Among them,Haliangium was the dominant genus, with the relative abundance of 10.83%–71.01%. Network co-occurrence diagrams showed that most of the bacteria interacted with myxobacteria. Spearman correlation analyses showed that the Shannon, Chao1, and ACE indices of bacteria influenced the diversity and richness of myxobacteria. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil inorganic nitrogen (IN), organic matter (OM), and water-soluble magnesium ions (Mg2+) were the main abiotic factors influencing the diversity and community structure of myxobacteria. [Conclusion] The Ebinur Lake wetland is rich in myxobacteria, the diversity and community structure of which present spatial and temporal variations. Biotic factors (bacteria) and abiotic factors (soil physico-chemical properties) jointly affect the diversity of myxobacteria.

Ebinur Lake wetland  /  Phragmitesaustralis rhizosphere  /  myxobacteria diversity  /  soil environmental factors  /  spatial and temporal distribution characteristics
何波, 胡文革, 陈雪梅, 丁成, 祁晓云. 艾比湖湿地芦苇根际黏细菌群落多样性及其时空分布特征. 微生物学报, 2024 , 64 (4) : 1064 -1080 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230582
Bo HE, Wenge HU, Xuemei CHEN, Cheng DING, Xiaoyun QI. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and diversity of myxobacteria in the rhizosphere ofPhragmitesaustralis in Ebinur Lake wetland[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2024 , 64 (4) : 1064 -1080 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230582
黏细菌是一类革兰氏阴性细菌,属于δ变形杆菌纲的黏球菌目[1]。因其复杂的社会学特征,形成颜色鲜艳的子实体和抗逆性的黏孢子,被认为是高等的原核生物[2]。目前发现的黏细菌包括1个目、3个亚目、10个科、30个属和78个种[3],依据食性的不同将其分为溶细菌类群和溶纤维素类群[1]。黏细菌能够产生丰富的次级代谢物,具有抗菌、抗感染、抗癌等作用,是微生物新药开发研究的潜在菌种资源[4]
黏细菌是典型的土壤微生物,广泛分布在各种生境中,其多样性和群落结构因生境中细菌丰度、理化因素而存在差异[5]。Li等[6]使用焦磷酸测序技术发现黏细菌是湖泥生态系统中的优势细菌类群之一,占测定到的16S rRNA序列的5.77%。Dai等[7]研究农田土壤黏细菌群落结构,发现厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)和海无柄孢囊黏细菌属(Haliangium)是优势属,且地理因素对黏细菌群落结构的影响比施肥的作用强。Wang等[8]使用高通量测序研究鼎湖山森林土壤中的黏细菌,发现黏球菌属(Myxococcus)是群落结构中最丰富的属,而其他细菌和土壤pH是影响黏细菌群落的关键因素。此外,黏细菌作为微型捕食者,通过捕食革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌、真菌、原生动物和线虫等对微生物群落发挥调节作用[4,9]。黏细菌还参与土壤养分循环,如厌氧黏细菌属是一种重要的固氮微生物[10]Haliangium在反硝化和磷溶解中具有潜在作用[11-12]
艾比湖湿地是新疆第一大咸水湖,因位于阿拉山口大风通道,其特殊的地理位置形成了盐漠生态系统,湿地中分布着盐湖、沼泽、滩涂、石漠和土漠等多种地形,土壤为灰漠土、灰棕漠土和风沙土,盐渍化严重,土壤质地较粗,多为粗砂[13]。植被也由此形成了旱生、盐生、沙生等多种植物群落。前期对该地微生物的研究主要集中在放线菌、反硝化细菌、氨氧化细菌等,但对该地黏细菌的多样性鲜有报道。
本工作以艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤为研究对象,研究黏细菌多样性和群落结构随时空变化的特点,分析生物因素(细菌)和非生物因素(理化因子)与其的关联,探究极端盐碱湿地环境中黏细菌资源随时空变化的特征,为后续湿地的黏细菌资源的开发、利用提供理论支撑。
分别于2021年4月、2021年7月和2021年10月3个不同时期(春、夏、秋)对艾比湖湿地10个定点样地的芦苇根际土壤进行采集。10个样地的位置信息见表1。各样地采用五点采样法采集土样。将覆盖在土壤表面的落叶清理干净后,使用铁锹挖出芦苇,用无菌刷子扫落并收集黏附在芦苇根系的土壤,每个样地选择5个样点,每个样点采集3份根际土样,将每个样地的15份土样混合装入无菌自封袋中,作为该样地芦苇的根际土壤样本。将样本放入手提式冰箱中带回实验室。所有土壤样本过筛除去大块石砾、枯枝落叶及其他杂质后分成三部分:(1) 装入干燥称量恒重的铝盒,用于土壤含水量的测定;(2) 装入无菌自封袋,保存于−80 ℃冰箱,用于土壤基因组DNA的提取;(3) 自然风干后保存在4 ℃冰箱中,用于土壤理化因子测定。
测定艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤pH值、电导率(electrical conductivity, EC)、含水量(moisture content, MC)、无机氮(inorganic nitrogen, IN)、速效钾(available potassium, AK)、速效磷(available phosphorus, AP)、有机质(organic matter, OM)、水溶性Ca2+和水溶性Mg2+等9个土壤理化指标,具体测定方法参照《土壤农化分析(第3版)》[14]及文献[15]进行,每个土样进行3次重复试验。
使用Power Soil DNA Isolation Kit (MoBio)试剂盒提取土壤样本总基因组DNA。使用针对16S rRNA基因的V4–V5区的引物515F (5ʹ-GT GCCAGCMGCCGCGG-3ʹ)和907R (5ʹ-CCGTC AATTCMTTTRAGTTT-3ʹ)[16]对土壤总基因组DNA进行扩增。PCR反应体系(25 μL):2×PCR mix 12.5 μL,上、下游引物(10 µmol/L)各0.5 μL,模板0.5 μL,ddH2O 11 μL。PCR反应条件:95 ℃ 4 min;95 ℃ 30 s,55 ℃ 45 s,72 ℃ 90 s,30个循环;72 ℃ 10 min。使用无菌去离子水作为阴性对照,每个样本设置3个PCR重复。用0.8%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测后,将属于同一样本的3个PCR扩增产物混合成1个送北京诺禾致源科技股份有限公司进行高通量测序,基于Illumina NovaSeq测序平台对文库进行双末端测序。
对高通量测序得到的原始数据进行拼接、过滤,质控后,基于97%的一致性划分可操作性分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU),利用Silva132数据库进行物种注释(阈值为0.8–1.0)。利用MUSCLE软件进行多序列比对后进行均一化处理,计算黏细菌的α和β多样性。使用MicEco筛选相对丰度大于0.1%的扩增子序列变体(amplicon sequence variants, ASV),计算ASV之间的Spearman相关系数,过滤系数大于0.6,经过计算后使用Gephi软件绘制共现网络图。利用Canoco 5.0软件对黏细菌与环境因子进行冗余分析(redundancy analysis, RDA)。测序的序列已经提交到NCBI并获得登录号(BioProject ID:PRJNA1026723,Submission:SUB13893047)。
芦苇根际土壤各样品的Reads数在110 780–177 008之间,注释到的Tags数目在139–1 765之间,占细菌Tags数目的0.22%–3.54%,结果如表2所示。按照97%的序列相似性划分操作分类单元(OTUs),共划分出391个黏细菌的OTUs,归属于黏球菌目的3个亚目8个科14个属。
对亚目水平的黏细菌进行分析发现,各样品中others所占比例为2.88%–33.09%,选取除others外的黏细菌3个亚目的相对丰度生成柱状堆积图,结果如图1所示。小囊菌亚目(Nannocystineae)和堆囊菌亚目(Sorangineae)的相对丰度在7月份最高,孢囊杆菌亚目(Cystobacterineae)在4月份相对丰度最高。随着时间的推移,小囊菌亚目在样地1的相对丰度呈现递减趋势,在样地2的相对丰度呈现先减后增的趋势,在样地3、5、7、9、10的相对丰度呈现先增后减的趋势,在样地4、6、8的相对丰度呈现递增的趋势;堆囊菌亚目在样地1的相对丰度呈现先减后增趋势,在样地2、3、5的相对丰度呈现递增的趋势,在样地4、6、7、8、9、10的相对丰度呈现先增后减的趋势;孢囊杆菌亚目在样地1、2的相对丰度呈现先增后减的趋势,在样地3、4、5、7、8、9、10的相对丰度呈现先减后增的趋势,在样地6相对丰度呈现递减的趋势。小囊菌亚目和堆囊菌亚目在10个样地及不同月份的相对丰度差异较小,而孢囊杆菌亚目在10个样地及不同月份的相对丰度差异较大。
对属水平的黏细菌进行分析发现,各样品中others所占比例为13.67%–71.94%,选取除others外的其他属水平黏细菌的相对丰度生成柱状堆积图,结果如图2所示。根据属级物种注释结果,共鉴定出14个属,分别是橙色菌属(Sandaracinus)、黏球菌属(Myxococcus)、厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)、多囊菌属(Polyangium)、堆囊菌属(Sorangium)、孢囊杆菌属(Cystobacter)、侏囊菌属(Nannocystis)、豆状囊菌属(Phaselicystis)、HaliangiumAetherobacter、水黏细菌属(Enhygromyxa)、Pajaroellobacter、小囊菌属(Minicystis)和流行杆菌属(Vulgatibacter)。此外,在属级分类水平上没有明确分类名称的P3OB-42、KD3-10、unidentified-mle1-27、unidentified-Blfdi19和unidentified-Sandaracinaceae也被列入分析。Haliangium为优势属,在不同样本中的占比为10.83%–71.01%。MyxococcusHaliangiumEnhygromyxa为所有样本的共有属,其中黏球菌属在10月的样地7中相对丰度最高(83.33%),随着时间的推移,黏球菌属在样地1的相对丰度呈现先增后减趋势,在样地2的相对丰度呈现递减的趋势,在样地3、4、5、6、8、9、10的相对丰度呈现先减后增的趋势,在样地7的相对丰度呈现递增的趋势;Haliangium在7月的样地1中相对丰度最高(71.01%),随着时间的推移,在样地1、3、5、7、8、9、10的相对丰度呈现先增后减趋势,在样地2、6的相对丰度呈现递增的趋势,在样地4的相对丰度呈现先减后增的趋势;Enhygromyxa在4月的样地2中相对丰度最高(16.95%),随着时间的推移,Enhygromyxa在样地1、3、5、6、10的相对丰度呈现递增趋势,在样地2的相对丰度呈现递减的趋势,在样地4、7、8、9的相对丰度呈现先增后减的趋势。在属级分类水平上没有明确分类名称的P3OB-42在4月的样地7中相对丰度最高(17.71%),在4月的样地3、9、10,10月的样地1、7、9中未检测到;unidentified_mle1-27在4月的样地10中相对丰度最高(4.48%),在4月的样地1、2、3、4、5、6,7月和10月的样地1、2、4、5、6、7、8、9中未检测到;unidentified_Blfdi19在10月的样地2中相对丰度最高(2.90%),在4月的样地1、2、3、4、5、6、7、9,7月的样地1、2、3、5、6、7、9,10月的样地1、4、5、6、7、8、9、10中未检测到;unidentified_Sandaracinaceae在10月的样地5中相对丰度最高(8.33%),在4月的样地1、2、3、6、7、9、10,7月的样地7、9,10月的样地1、4、6、7、8、10中未检测到;仅在4月的样地9检测到KD3-10,其相对丰度为(5.06%)。
α多样性用来评估各样本中微生物群落的物种丰富度和多样性的差异。其中Shannon和辛普森(Simpson)指数综合体现物种的丰富度和均匀度,Chao1和ACE指数显示样本的物种丰富度信息。Shannon指数值越大,表明群落多样性越高;Chao1指数和ACE指数越大,表明群落丰富度越高。反映黏细菌群落多样性的Shannon指数(图3A)在3.91–5.58之间,辛普森指数(图3A)在0.79–0.97之间。Lw4的Shannon指数和辛普森指数最高,Lw7的Shannon指数和辛普森指数最低。这表明:样地4芦苇根际土壤黏细菌群落多样性最高,而样地7芦苇根际土壤黏细菌群落多样性最低。Chao1指数(图3B)和ACE指数(图3B)表明:Lw4的Chao1指数和ACE指数最高(分别为177.91和172.29),Lw1的Chao1指数和ACE指数最低(分别为72.08和77.58)。结果表明,样地4黏细菌丰富度最高,样地1黏细菌丰富度最低。
艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤在不同月份的多样性指数表明,3个不同月份的黏细菌群落的Shannon指数(图4A)在4月份最低,辛普森指数(图4B)无明显差异。黏细菌的Shannon指数和辛普森指数在7月份最高,分别为(5.53和0.96)。这表明,7月份黏细菌群落的多样性最高。Chao1指数(图4C)和ACE指数(图4D)表明,黏细菌的Chao1指数和ACE指数在4月份最低,分别为(68.46和85.39);在7月份和10月份,这两个指数无明显差异。这表明,4月份黏细菌群落的丰富度最低。
对艾比湖湿地芦苇根际土壤黏细菌β多样性进行分析,由于样本或者物种数量过多,使用更加准确的非度量多维尺度分析(non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS)。基于weighted- unifrac对OTU分类下的不同月份和样地的样品绘制NMDS图(图5),图中的每个点表示一个样本,点与点之间的距离表示差异程度,同一个组的样本使用同一种颜色表示。Stress小于0.200时,说明NMDS可以准确反映样本间的差异程度。7月份和10月份黏细菌群落组成差异较小,4月份黏细菌群落差异较大(图5A)。在10个样地中,与其他样地相比,Lw1、Lw3、Lw6和Lw7在黏细菌群落结构组成表现出显著差异(图5B),表明这些样地中黏细菌群落组成不均匀,可能存在优势或稀有的黏细菌导致其群落结构发生改变。
图6显示了艾比湖湿地芦苇根际黏细菌和非生物因素(土壤理化因子)的冗余分析。采用Canoco5.0筛选出显著影响芦苇根际黏细菌群落结构、多样性指数的土壤理化因子。结果表明,土壤理化因子影响着湿地黏细菌群落结构、多样性。第一与第二排序轴上的环境因子可以解释黏细菌群落结构、多样性与环境因子间77.07%、75.75%的累积变量。如图6A显示,RDA1和RDA2轴对芦苇根际土壤黏细菌多样性的解释度分别是57.96%和17.79%。RDA图表明,OM和Mg²⁺是影响芦苇根际土壤黏细菌多样性和丰富度的主要土壤理化因子。如图6B显示,RDA1和RDA2轴对芦苇根际土壤黏细菌群落结构的解释度分别为42.38%和34.69%。RDA图表明,IN是影响橙色菌属(Sandaracinus)、堆囊菌属(Sorangium)和Aetherobacter分布的土壤理化因子;AP、OM是影响黏球菌属(Myxococcus)、孢囊杆菌属(Cystobacter)、HaliangiumVulgatibacter分布的土壤理化因子。
图7显示了艾比湖湿地芦苇根际黏细菌和生物因素(土壤细菌)的相关性,使用Spearman分析黏细菌与细菌的α多样性指数之间的相关性。结果表明,黏细菌Shannon、Chao1、ACE指数与细菌的Shannon、Chao1、ACE指数之间存在极显著正相关关系(P < 0.01)。
图8A展示了黏细菌群落、细菌群落以及5个土壤理化因子之间的关联,黏细菌的14个属中有9个属与细菌之间存在关联。相关性网络中含有428个节点和2 986条边。节点之间大多数为正相关(93.84%),少数为负相关(6.16%)。网络的拓扑参数分别为:平均度13.953,平均路径长度3.539,网络直径9,平均聚类系数0.473,模块化指数0.65。孢囊杆菌属(Cystobacter)、厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)、豆状囊菌属(Phaselicystis)、Haliangium与其他细菌之间的连接更紧密,可能对艾比湖盐碱湿地这一环境中的微生物群落结构起着一定的调节作用;而堆囊菌属(Sorangium)和橙色菌属(Sandaracinus)与其他细菌之间的相互作用较弱。EC影响着细菌群落结构,AK影响着黏细菌群落结构。
图8B相关性网络中含有86个节点和433条边。节点之间大多数为正相关(87.99%),少数为负相关(12.01%)。网络的拓扑参数分别为:平均度10.07,平均路径长度3.353,网络直径9,平均聚类系数0.572,模块化指数0.373。表3展示了部分与黏细菌呈正相关关系的细菌属,如黏球菌属(Myxococcus)和海球菌属(Marinococcus)、嗜氨菌属(Ammoniphilus)、假动球菌属(Pseudokineococcus)、盐厂单胞菌属(Salinarimonas);厌氧黏细菌属和Nitrospiraceae。这些细菌与黏细菌之间可能存在协同关系。表4展示了部分与黏细菌呈负相关的细菌。如孢囊杆菌属与不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)、盐水球形菌属(Salinisphaera);Anaeromyxobacter与沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、代夫特菌属(Delftia)。这些细菌与黏细菌之间可能存在竞争关系。
本研究使用Illumina NovaSeq测序平台分析了艾比湖湿地10个定点样地在3个月份的黏细菌。结果发现,各样本的黏细菌Tags数在139–1 765之间,占细菌Tags数的0.22%–3.54%。Zhou等[5]从中国南方亚热带和热带森林土壤中检测到黏细菌序列占细菌序列的1.49%–4.74%,表明黏细菌可能在多数土壤样品中占据主导地位,且黏细菌可能更适宜生存在温度较高,有机质丰富的土壤中。本研究中反映黏细菌群落多样性的Shannon指数在3.91–5.58之间,而Wang等[8]使用高通量测序发现鼎湖山酸性土壤黏细菌群落的Shannon指数在1.95–3.15之间,表明碱性土壤黏细菌多样性高于酸性土壤。本研究中7月份黏细菌多样性最高,可能是由于夏季光照充足、营养丰富、与细菌生命活动相关的各种酶的活性较高,细胞代谢速度加快,细菌多样性上升[17],而黏细菌作为微型捕食者,通过广泛捕食土壤中的细菌或真菌,其多样性升高。非生物因素(土壤理化性质) OM、Mg2+是影响黏细菌多样性和丰富度的主要理化因子,Wang等[18]的研究也发现OM影响着黏细菌群落。Mg2+通常被认为可促进黏细菌的生长发育[19],这可能使得黏细菌多样性和丰富度上升。堆囊菌亚目和小囊菌亚目在不同月份的丰度均高于孢囊杆菌亚目,这与Zhou等[5]的研究结果一致。本研究使用高通量测序检测到了所有已知黏细菌的3个亚目,但2.88%–33.09%的黏细菌序列是未分类的黏细菌ASV,不能划分到已知的3个亚目。从测序结果发现,黏细菌的序列强烈可能与测序深度相关,在后续的研究中可结合特异性引物和16S rRNA基因测序方法,以获得更多的黏细菌类群。本研究发现黏球菌属、HaliangiumEnhygromyxa为所有样本的共有属,其中Haliangium在3个不同月份和样地的丰度高于其他黏细菌属,为优势属。Garcia等[20]研究发现,Haliangium为专性嗜盐黏细菌,存在于各种不同的盐碱生态系统中。Iizuka等[21]从日本沿海地区分离到Enhygromyxa,其在1.0%–2.0% NaCl浓度下表现为最佳生长,是一种微嗜盐黏细菌。此外,海水中的二价阳离子成分,如Mg2+或Ca2+,也是其生长所必需的。张鲜姣等[22]分离新疆阿克苏地区盐碱地中的黏细菌,发现黏球菌属抗逆性强,在pH值7.5–8.5范围的盐碱地中普遍存在。艾比湖湿地盐碱特性可能对黏细菌的群落结构组成起着主导作用。
微生物之间的互作关系,如细菌之间的营养缺陷互补是维持微生物群落稳定的重要因素。黏细菌作为微型捕食者,自身无法合成核黄素和支链氨基酸[1],通过捕食其他细菌或真菌以获得营养物质。而一些被捕食细菌能够采取应激和防御措施应对黏细菌的捕食[23]。本研究中,Spearman分析表明黏细菌的Shannon、Chao1、ACE指数与细菌的Shannon、Chao1、ACE指数呈现极显著正相关,这与Zhou等[5]的研究结果一致,黏细菌丰度的增加归因于被捕食菌数量的增加。黏细菌不同于传统的原生生物捕食者,因其独特的狼群捕食策略和分泌裂解酶而闻名,且更易捕食革兰氏阴性菌,可能是由于捕食性酶在细胞壁降解方面的差异[24]。共现网络分析了黏细菌、细菌以及土壤理化因子之间的相互关系,尽管尚未明确黏细菌与细菌之间的捕食机制,但已经识别出了与黏细菌相关的细菌,后续可将这些细菌进行分离纯化,并进行共培养研究,以期发现黏细菌的捕食机制或细菌自身如何防御黏细菌捕食。网络分析表明,某一细菌属与多个黏细菌属之间存在关联,如Ramlibacter与厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)、Pajaroellobacter和豆状囊菌(Phaselicystis)之间为正相关;AcidibacterHaliangiumPajaroellobacter和厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)之间为正相关。研究表明黏细菌与细菌之间的相互作用可能具有偏好性。孢囊杆菌属(Cystobacter)与AcinetobacterShewanellaSalinisphaera,厌氧黏细菌属(Anaeromyxobacter)与SerratiaDelftia之间为负相关,可能存在捕食作用,且与革兰氏阴性菌关联更密切,这与Morgan等[25]发现革兰氏阴性菌比革兰氏阳性菌更有利于黏细菌的生长的研究结果一致。Baumann等[26]发现孢囊杆菌可有效抑制革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌和不动杆菌的生长,存在捕食作用;Yan等[27]发现厌氧黏细菌属在多环芳烃降解中占据主导地位,Zhao等[28]发现沙雷氏菌(Serratia)、代夫特菌(Delftia)具有降解多环芳烃的活性,厌氧黏细菌属与沙雷氏菌和代夫特菌在网络共现图中表现出负相关关系。张鲜姣等[22]发现黏球菌属的耐盐范围(含盐量0–200 g/kg)最广;而MarinococcusAmmoniphilusPseudokineococcusSalinarimonas等均为耐盐碱细菌[29-32],这些细菌可能采取不同的方式影响黏球菌属,在网络共现图中表现出正相关关系;Masuda等[10]研究发现厌氧黏细菌属通过多种活动来转化氮,特别是氮循环的还原过程,Nitrospiraceae是一类硝化细菌,参与氮元素的循环过程[33]Nitrospiraceae与厌氧黏细菌属可能因参与氮元素的转化在网络共现图中表现出正相关关系;研究发现,瘤胃梭菌属(Ruminiclostridium)能将纤维素及半纤维素分解为含碳物质[34],多形单胞菌属(Pleomorphomonas)具有高效降解纤维素及半纤维素的作用,为异养反硝化剂产生可用的碳源[35]。但可能因瘤胃梭菌属(Ruminiclostridium)与Pleomorphomonas降解纤维素及半纤维素能力的差异,堆囊菌属(Sorangium)与它们呈现不同的正负相关关系,其具体的相互作用有待进一步研究。
不同生境的生理特性影响着黏细菌的多样性及群落结构。Zhou等[36]发现黏细菌群落丰度与土壤pH值、碳氮比和温度有关。Dai等[19]的研究表明,细菌群落多样性、Mg2+和Ca2+浓度是影响不同堆肥粪便处理下黏细菌群落的主要因素。本研究中OM和Mg²⁺是影响芦苇根际土壤黏细菌多样性和丰富度的主要土壤理化因子,黏细菌可能更偏好于中性偏碱性且有机质丰富的土壤中。此外,有研究表明气候和地点是黏细菌群落组装过程的最关键变量,随机过程(如迁移、突变和灭绝)也影响着黏细菌群落的组装[7]。在本研究中未测量到的非生物因素如气候等也可能对黏细菌多样性及群落结构产生影响,在今后的研究中可进行关联分析,更好地了解非生物因素对黏细菌的影响。
艾比湖湿地作为典型的盐漠生态系统,其独特的土壤特性影响着黏细菌多样性。本研究使用高通量测序技术发现艾比湖湿地黏细菌多样性较高,群落结构较丰富,且受到时空变化的影响。此外,黏细菌可能在湿地中占据着重要的生态位,与绝大多数细菌之间表现出相互作用关系。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32060002)
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2024年第64卷第4期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20230582
  • 接收时间:2023-09-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-04-04
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-12
  • 录用日期:2023-12-20
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060002)
国家自然科学基金(32060002)
作者信息
    石河子大学生命科学学院, 新疆 石河子 832000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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