Article(id=1228017372544566044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1228017371202388759, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240523, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1724342400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1734451200000, acceptedDateStr=2024-12-18, onlineDate=1770711757074, onlineDateStr=2026-02-10, pubDate=1741017600000, pubDateStr=2025-03-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770711757074, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770711757074, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770711757074, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228017371202388759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='3', pageStart='871', pageEnd='1336', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770711756754, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770719134572, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228048316089434941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1228017371202388759, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228048316093629246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1228017371202388759, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1301, endPage=1318, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228017372888498982, articleId=1228017372544566044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Effects of freeze-thaw on bacterial and fungal succession during aerobic exposure stage of oat silage, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
[Objective] To explore the effects of freeze-thaw on oat silage during the aerobic exposure stage. [Methods] Oat silage was stored at a constant temperature (20 ℃, group 20, control) and freeze-thaw conditions (20 ℃ and -5 ℃ alternating every 12 h, group S) for 60 days and then subjected to aerobic exposure. Samples were collected on day 60 of ensiling and after aerobic exposure for 1, 3, and 5 days, respectively, for the determination of fermentation quality and nutritional quality as well as for 16S rRNA gene and ITS sequencing. [Results] The pH rose as the aerobic exposure was prolonged. The samples subjected to aerobic exposure at room temperature showed more rapid increases in ammonia nitrogen content and pH and more rapid decreases in lactic acid and acetic acid content than those subjected to aerobic exposure at freeze-thaw temperatures. Propionic acid and butyric acid were produced more rapidly in the S group, especially in the case of aerobic exposure at room temperature. Enterobacteria and yeast increased while lactic acid bacteria decreased as the aerobic exposure was prolonged (P<0.05). Shannon and Simpson indices of bacteria increased during aerobic exposure, and the relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria kept decreasing. The bacterial community structure presented a significant difference on days 3 of aerobic exposure, and microbial succession was accelerated by aerobic exposure at room temperature compared with that at the freeze-thaw temperature, with more species and higher counts of yeast and molds indicative of spoilage in the S group. [Conclusion] Freeze-thaw accelerated aerobic deterioration, especially aerobic exposure at room temperature. This study provides theoretical guidance for high-quality modulation and storage of oat silage in alpine areas.
, correspAuthors=Hao GUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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【目的】 为探索冻融条件对燕麦青贮在有氧暴露阶段的影响。 【方法】 将燕麦在冻融条件(20 ℃和-5 ℃每12 h交替1次,S组)下青贮60 d后进行有氧暴露监测,并以恒温20 ℃ (20组)作为对照。分别在青贮60 d和有氧暴露1、3、5 d取样进行发酵品质和营养品质的测定,同时进行16S rRNA基因和ITS测序。 【结果】 随着有氧暴露时间的延长pH值升高。与原冻融温度下的有氧暴露相比,室温下的有氧暴露导致pH值和氨态氮含量上升更快,乳酸和乙酸含量下降也更快。S组,特别是室温下的有氧暴露条件下,丙酸和丁酸的生成速度更快。随着有氧暴露的推进,肠杆菌和酵母菌数量不断增加,而乳酸菌数量不断减少(P<0.05)。细菌的Shannon指数和Simpson指数随着有氧暴露时间的延长而增加,乳酸菌的丰度不断降低。有氧暴露第3天时,细菌群落结构出现明显差异。与原温度下的有氧暴露相比,室温下的有氧暴露加速了微生物的更替。S组中指征腐败的酵母菌和霉菌的种类及数量更多。 【结论】 冻融条件加速了燕麦青贮在有氧暴露阶段的变败过程,尤其是在室温下进行有氧暴露时。本研究为高寒区燕麦青贮的高品质调制及存放提供理论指导。
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作者贡献声明
李海萍:研究构思和设计,论文撰写和修改;贾志锋:数据收集和处理;刘文辉:数据收集和处理;马祥:数据收集与处理;周青平:论文修改;关皓:研究构思和设计。
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1, 2, address=1 School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, China
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1, 2, address=1 青海师范大学 生命科学学院,青海 西宁
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115(3): 637-643., articleTitle=Fungi and mycotoxins in silage: an overview, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1228088882701464031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, awardId=32460360, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32460360), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228088882818904548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, awardId=32460360, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32460360), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228088882957316587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, awardId=2024-ZJ-978, language=EN, fundingSource=Natural Science Foundation Project of Qinghai Provincial Basic Research Program(2024-ZJ-978), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228088883066368496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, awardId=2024-ZJ-978, language=CN, fundingSource=青海省基础研究计划自然科学基金(2024-ZJ-978), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1228088874115723328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874124111937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874115723328, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874128306242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874115723328, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 青海师范大学 生命科学学院,青海 西宁)]), AuthorCompany(id=1228088874241552460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874249941068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874241552460, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874254135373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874241552460, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 西南民族大学,四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,四川 成都)]), AuthorCompany(id=1228088874371575893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874379964502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874371575893, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228088874384158808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, companyId=1228088874371575893, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 青海大学,青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海 西宁)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1228088878859481428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Bacterial and fungal community during aerobic exposure. A: Comparison of the relative abundance of bacteria during the aerobic exposure phase between group 20 and group S; B: The relative abundance of bacteria at various days of aerobic exposure between group 20 and group S; C: Comparison of relative abundance of fungi during the aerobic exposure phase between group 20 and group S; D: The relative abundance of fungi at various days of aerobic exposure between group 20 and group S; E: Venn plots of bacteria after 5 days aerobic exposure; F: Venn plots of fungi after 5 days aerobic exposure. A: Aerobic exposure under freeze-thaw; RA: Aerobic exposure at room temperature., figureFileSmall=XS2+FxdWwDSoKfjm/Euytw==, figureFileBig=lEDHiZ4C6NnzGGKbdGgr6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088878934978908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
有氧暴露过程中细菌和真菌群落分析。A:20组与S组在有氧暴露阶段的细菌相对丰度比较;B:20组与S组在有氧暴露各个阶段的细菌相对丰度;C:20组与S组在有氧暴露阶段的真菌相对丰度比较;D:20组与S组在有氧暴露各个阶段的真菌相对丰度;E:有氧暴露5 d后各个处理细菌韦恩图;F:有氧暴露5 d后各个处理真菌韦恩图。A表示原温度有氧暴露;RA表示室温下有氧暴露。, figureFileSmall=XS2+FxdWwDSoKfjm/Euytw==, figureFileBig=lEDHiZ4C6NnzGGKbdGgr6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088879052419426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Bacterial variations in samples during aerobic exposure using LEfSe analysis. A: 60 days silage; B: Aerobic exposure for 1 day; C: Aerobic exposure for 3 days; D: Aerobic exposure for 5 days., figureFileSmall=18Ys5W7L/4TbzotIJYih4Q==, figureFileBig=N9sLnmzYd3H43wDey6xw7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088879190831464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
有氧暴露阶段细菌LEfSe分析。A:60 d开袋;B:有氧暴露1 d;C:有氧暴露3 d;D:有氧暴露5 d。, figureFileSmall=18Ys5W7L/4TbzotIJYih4Q==, figureFileBig=N9sLnmzYd3H43wDey6xw7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088879304077681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Fungal variations in samples during aerobic exposure using LEfSe analysis. A: 60 days silage; B: Aerobic exposure for 1 day; C: Aerobic exposure for 3 days; D: Aerobic exposure for 5 days., figureFileSmall=AImwRpIIzKa/Me1GGtq2LA==, figureFileBig=la6dT3n+LOPLCISqAqWCbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088879421518202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
有氧暴露阶段真菌LEfSe分析。A:60 d开袋;B:有氧暴露1 d;C:有氧暴露3 d;D:有氧暴露5 d。, figureFileSmall=AImwRpIIzKa/Me1GGtq2LA==, figureFileBig=la6dT3n+LOPLCISqAqWCbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088880855970177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Matestate analysis of bacterial (A) and fungal (B) communities. *: P<0.05., figureFileSmall=pm6sM7j/yRJ6Khck+xHGxg==, figureFileBig=38shqV5BvOUzOKI0FneqxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088880923079048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
细菌(A)和真菌(B)群落的matestate分析, figureFileSmall=pm6sM7j/yRJ6Khck+xHGxg==, figureFileBig=38shqV5BvOUzOKI0FneqxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088881011159435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=
The correlation analysis of silage quality and differential bacteria communities at 20 ℃ (A) and freeze-thaw condition (B) during aerobic exposure. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01., figureFileSmall=UCDaFCZ3ZXNUOogr0M0v9A==, figureFileBig=uWI93EFSBHWZKTC8Tk/31g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088881149571477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
有氧暴露阶段20组(A)和S组(B)的细菌群落与发酵指标的相关性分析, figureFileSmall=UCDaFCZ3ZXNUOogr0M0v9A==, figureFileBig=uWI93EFSBHWZKTC8Tk/31g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088881250234774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=
The correlation analysis of silage quality and differential fungal communities at 20 ℃ (A) and freeze-thaw condition (B) during aerobic exposure. *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01., figureFileSmall=K/e7g7d7iPnd8djHy3+vWQ==, figureFileBig=hUsVvhM80u9GQhJbb4ciZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088881380258205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
有氧暴露阶段20组(A)和S组(B)的真菌群落与发酵指标的相关性分析, figureFileSmall=K/e7g7d7iPnd8djHy3+vWQ==, figureFileBig=hUsVvhM80u9GQhJbb4ciZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228088881489310116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Fermentation characteristics of oat silage ensiled for 60 days and during aerobic exposure
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度T/℃ | pH | 氨态氮 NH3-N (%) | 乳酸 Lactic acid (mg/g) | 乙酸 Acetic acid (mg/g) | 丙酸 Propionic acid (mg/g) | 丁酸 Butyric acid (mg/g) |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 4.62k | 3.50f | 48.03a | 11.87c | ND | ND |
| 20/-5 | 4.92h | 4.24de | 28.06c | 12.74c | ND | ND |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | 4.67hi | 3.88ef | 41.36b | 18.26a | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 5.24g | 4.19de | 19.95d | 15.62b | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20 | 4.73hi | 3.86ef | 18.44e | 18.64a | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 7.10e | 4.25de | 5.75h | 14.71b | 0.44d | 1.31d |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | 6.71f | 4.25de | 13.90f | 13.08c | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 7.76d | 4.43de | 3.05jk | 9.84d | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20 | 8.03c | 4.61d | 3.48i | 12.19c | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 8.46b | 4.68d | 3.99i | 7.18e | 2.44b | 3.11b |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 7.71d | 6.29c | 7.68g | 9.84d | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 8.09c | 6.30c | 2.17kl | 6.44ef | ND | 1.15e |
| RT AE 20 | 8.45b | 7.61b | 1.89l | 9.22d | 1.35c | 2.13c |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 8.81a | 8.58a | 1.65l | 5.48f | 2.71a | 4.40a |
| SEM | 0.091 | 0.103 | 1.003 | 0.166 | 0.133 | 0.175 |
| Period | ** | * | ** | ** | * | ** |
| Temperature | ** | ** | ** | ** | NS | ** |
| Period×Temperature | NS | NS | ** | ** | NS | NS |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088881669665196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
燕麦青贮60 d和有氧暴露过程中的发酵特性
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度T/℃ | pH | 氨态氮 NH3-N (%) | 乳酸 Lactic acid (mg/g) | 乙酸 Acetic acid (mg/g) | 丙酸 Propionic acid (mg/g) | 丁酸 Butyric acid (mg/g) |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 4.62k | 3.50f | 48.03a | 11.87c | ND | ND |
| 20/-5 | 4.92h | 4.24de | 28.06c | 12.74c | ND | ND |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | 4.67hi | 3.88ef | 41.36b | 18.26a | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 5.24g | 4.19de | 19.95d | 15.62b | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20 | 4.73hi | 3.86ef | 18.44e | 18.64a | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 7.10e | 4.25de | 5.75h | 14.71b | 0.44d | 1.31d |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | 6.71f | 4.25de | 13.90f | 13.08c | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 7.76d | 4.43de | 3.05jk | 9.84d | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20 | 8.03c | 4.61d | 3.48i | 12.19c | ND | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 8.46b | 4.68d | 3.99i | 7.18e | 2.44b | 3.11b |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 7.71d | 6.29c | 7.68g | 9.84d | ND | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 8.09c | 6.30c | 2.17kl | 6.44ef | ND | 1.15e |
| RT AE 20 | 8.45b | 7.61b | 1.89l | 9.22d | 1.35c | 2.13c |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 8.81a | 8.58a | 1.65l | 5.48f | 2.71a | 4.40a |
| SEM | 0.091 | 0.103 | 1.003 | 0.166 | 0.133 | 0.175 |
| Period | ** | * | ** | ** | * | ** |
| Temperature | ** | ** | ** | ** | NS | ** |
| Period×Temperature | NS | NS | ** | ** | NS | NS |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088881766134193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Nutritional components in silage ensiled for 60 days and aerobic exposure for 5 days
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度T/℃ | 灰分Ash(%) | 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 粗蛋白 Crude protein (%) | 可溶性糖Water-soluble carbohydrates (%) |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 10.14d | 56.98b | 35.97b | 8.67a | 4.96a |
| 20/-5 | 11.26c | 59.03b | 40.81ab | 8.93a | 4.84ab |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 11.91b | 69.64a | 43.85a | 7.54b | 4.33ab |
| AE 20/-5 | 11.45c | 67.83a | 41.95ab | 7.97b | 4.24ab |
| RT AE 20 | 12.79a | 70.25a | 41.01ab | 7.82b | 4.11b |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 12.47a | 67.22a | 37.26ab | 7.62b | 3.33c |
| SEM | 0.105 | 1.939 | 2.157 | 0.062 | 0.096 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088881891963323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
燕麦青贮60 d和有氧暴露5 d的营养品质
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度T/℃ | 灰分Ash(%) | 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 粗蛋白 Crude protein (%) | 可溶性糖Water-soluble carbohydrates (%) |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 10.14d | 56.98b | 35.97b | 8.67a | 4.96a |
| 20/-5 | 11.26c | 59.03b | 40.81ab | 8.93a | 4.84ab |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 11.91b | 69.64a | 43.85a | 7.54b | 4.33ab |
| AE 20/-5 | 11.45c | 67.83a | 41.95ab | 7.97b | 4.24ab |
| RT AE 20 | 12.79a | 70.25a | 41.01ab | 7.82b | 4.11b |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 12.47a | 67.22a | 37.26ab | 7.62b | 3.33c |
| SEM | 0.105 | 1.939 | 2.157 | 0.062 | 0.096 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088881996820929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Microorganism counts of oat silage ensiled for 60 days and during aerobic exposure (lg CFU/g)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度 T/℃ | 肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria | 乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria | 酵母菌 Yeasts | 霉菌 Molds |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | ND | 5.04de | ND | ND |
| 20/-5 | 4.42ef | 5.37c | ND | ND |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | ND | 5.41c | 3.82f | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 4.25f | 6.01a | 4.18ef | ND |
| RT AE 20 | ND | 4.32g | 3.00g | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 4.3ef | 5.27cd | 4.42de | ND |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | ND | 5.39c | 5.31ab | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 6.21a | 5.77ab | 4.82c | 2.62d |
| RT AE 20 | 4.53d | 5.66b | 5.46ab | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 5.12c | 5.76ab | 4.68cd | 3.93b |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 2.15g | 4.96ef | 5.06bc | 2.54de |
| AE 20/-5 | 6.24a | 4.79ef | 4.89c | 2.97c |
| RT AE 20 | 4.97c | 4.71f | 5.69a | 2.43e |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 5.61b | 4.35g | 5.45ab | 4.71a |
| SEM | 0.187 | 0.053 | 0.053 | 0.075 |
| Period | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Temperature | ** | * | NS | ** |
| Period×Temperature | NS | ** | ** | ** |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088882126844360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
燕麦青贮60 d和有氧暴露过程中的微生物计数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时间Time | 温度 T/℃ | 肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria | 乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria | 酵母菌 Yeasts | 霉菌 Molds |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | ND | 5.04de | ND | ND |
| 20/-5 | 4.42ef | 5.37c | ND | ND |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | ND | 5.41c | 3.82f | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 4.25f | 6.01a | 4.18ef | ND |
| RT AE 20 | ND | 4.32g | 3.00g | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 4.3ef | 5.27cd | 4.42de | ND |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | ND | 5.39c | 5.31ab | ND |
| AE 20/-5 | 6.21a | 5.77ab | 4.82c | 2.62d |
| RT AE 20 | 4.53d | 5.66b | 5.46ab | ND |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 5.12c | 5.76ab | 4.68cd | 3.93b |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 2.15g | 4.96ef | 5.06bc | 2.54de |
| AE 20/-5 | 6.24a | 4.79ef | 4.89c | 2.97c |
| RT AE 20 | 4.97c | 4.71f | 5.69a | 2.43e |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 5.61b | 4.35g | 5.45ab | 4.71a |
| SEM | 0.187 | 0.053 | 0.053 | 0.075 |
| Period | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Temperature | ** | * | NS | ** |
| Period×Temperature | NS | ** | ** | ** |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088882244284877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Alpha diversity of oat silage ensiled for 60 days and during aerobic exposure
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间 Time | 温度 T/℃ | 细菌Bacteria | 真菌Fungi |
|---|
| Shannon | Simpson | Chao1 | ACE | Shannon | Simpson | Chao1 | ACE |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 3.37d | 0.81de | 283.48 | 281.74 | 4.26a | 0.87a | 549.32a | 562.44a |
| 20/-5 | 2.97e | 0.73g | 252.28 | 261.59 | 3.29b | 0.80a | 297.60bc | 195.57d |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | 2.96e | 0.79e | 227.27 | 233.76 | 1.28def | 0.41cd | 172.93def | 190.97d |
| AE 20/-5 | 2.53f | 0.69h | 236.86 | 250.93 | 1.44cdef | 0.38cde | 206.11cde | 212.14d |
| RT AE 20 | 3.50cd | 0.84cd | 280.91 | 285.38 | 1.81cd | 0.48bc | 274.41bcd | 289.26c |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 3.00e | 0.74fg | 253.33 | 265.44 | 1.11ef | 0.27de | 175.26def | 195.83d |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | 3.02e | 0.79e | 226.15 | 241.89 | 1.72cde | 0.62b | 94.95efg | 137.5def |
| AE 20/-5 | 2.98e | 0.78ef | 252.55 | 258.01 | 0.92f | 0.22e | 43.05g | 45.69g |
| RT AE 20 | 3.75bc | 0.87bc | 242.27 | 250.92 | 2.05c | 0.61b | 356.63b | 359.74b |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 3.95b | 0.88b | 248.86 | 266.45 | 1.15def | 0.32cde | 77.80fg | 85.70efg |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 3.65cd | 0.87bc | 230.30 | 242.80 | 1.74cde | 0.63b | 55.79fg | 55.41g |
| AE 20/-5 | 3.46d | 0.84cd | 243.80 | 259.22 | 1.16def | 0.28de | 69.30fg | 72.53fg |
| RT AE 20 | 4.44a | 0.91ab | 285.34 | 282.53 | 1.21def | 0.42cd | 84.38efg | 85.29efg |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 4.70a | 0.94a | 286.79 | 286.45 | 1.50cdef | 0.40cde | 148.38efg | 157.55de |
| SEM | 0.061 | 0.007 | 5.037 | 4.896 | 0.061 | 0.018 | 13.865 | 10.661 |
| Period | ** | ** | NS | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Temperature | ** | 0.003** | NS | NS | ** | ** | 0.001** | ** |
| Period×Temperature | 0.054 | 0.031* | NS | NS | NS | 0.05 | 0.005** | ** |
), ArticleFig(id=1228088882445611476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1228017372544566044, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
燕麦青贮60 d和有氧暴露过程中的微生物多样性指数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间 Time | 温度 T/℃ | 细菌Bacteria | 真菌Fungi |
|---|
| Shannon | Simpson | Chao1 | ACE | Shannon | Simpson | Chao1 | ACE |
|---|
| Day 60 | 20 | 3.37d | 0.81de | 283.48 | 281.74 | 4.26a | 0.87a | 549.32a | 562.44a |
| 20/-5 | 2.97e | 0.73g | 252.28 | 261.59 | 3.29b | 0.80a | 297.60bc | 195.57d |
| AE Day 1 | AE 20 | 2.96e | 0.79e | 227.27 | 233.76 | 1.28def | 0.41cd | 172.93def | 190.97d |
| AE 20/-5 | 2.53f | 0.69h | 236.86 | 250.93 | 1.44cdef | 0.38cde | 206.11cde | 212.14d |
| RT AE 20 | 3.50cd | 0.84cd | 280.91 | 285.38 | 1.81cd | 0.48bc | 274.41bcd | 289.26c |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 3.00e | 0.74fg | 253.33 | 265.44 | 1.11ef | 0.27de | 175.26def | 195.83d |
| AE Day 3 | AE 20 | 3.02e | 0.79e | 226.15 | 241.89 | 1.72cde | 0.62b | 94.95efg | 137.5def |
| AE 20/-5 | 2.98e | 0.78ef | 252.55 | 258.01 | 0.92f | 0.22e | 43.05g | 45.69g |
| RT AE 20 | 3.75bc | 0.87bc | 242.27 | 250.92 | 2.05c | 0.61b | 356.63b | 359.74b |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 3.95b | 0.88b | 248.86 | 266.45 | 1.15def | 0.32cde | 77.80fg | 85.70efg |
| AE Day 5 | AE 20 | 3.65cd | 0.87bc | 230.30 | 242.80 | 1.74cde | 0.63b | 55.79fg | 55.41g |
| AE 20/-5 | 3.46d | 0.84cd | 243.80 | 259.22 | 1.16def | 0.28de | 69.30fg | 72.53fg |
| RT AE 20 | 4.44a | 0.91ab | 285.34 | 282.53 | 1.21def | 0.42cd | 84.38efg | 85.29efg |
| RT AE 20/-5 | 4.70a | 0.94a | 286.79 | 286.45 | 1.50cdef | 0.40cde | 148.38efg | 157.55de |
| SEM | 0.061 | 0.007 | 5.037 | 4.896 | 0.061 | 0.018 | 13.865 | 10.661 |
| Period | ** | ** | NS | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Temperature | ** | 0.003** | NS | NS | ** | ** | 0.001** | ** |
| Period×Temperature | 0.054 | 0.031* | NS | NS | NS | 0.05 | 0.005** | ** |
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