Article(id=1226236834343207232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1733932800000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1736179200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-01-07, onlineDate=1770287243686, onlineDateStr=2026-02-05, pubDate=1746288000000, pubDateStr=2025-05-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770287243686, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770287243686, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770287243686, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1226236828399878330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='5', pageStart='1831', pageEnd='2319', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770287242269, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770344517883, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1226477059812274835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1226477059816469140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2229, endPage=2239, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1226236834758443350, articleId=1226236834343207232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Effects of environment conditions on spore energy metabolism and stress responses of Paranosema locustae, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Paranosema locustae, an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent, holds significant potential for managing locusts. However, its application is affected by various environmental factors. Understanding the resistance differences of P. locustae under different conditions is essential for its application in biocontrol. [Objective] To study the effects of different environmental conditions on the energy metabolism and stress responses of P. locustae, providing a theoretical foundation for its environmental adaptability. [Methods] Spores of P. locustae were exposed to three controlled experimental environments: a dry environment at 40 °C (40 °C GR), a wet environment at 20 °C (20 °C SR), and ultraviolet irradiation under dry conditions (≥100 µW/cm2) (ZW) for varying time periods. We employed a microplate reader, laser confocal microscopy, and differential interference contrast microscopy to assess the survival curves of infected locusts and the spore germination rate, ATP level, protein content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and trehalose level of P. locustae. [Results] In the 20 °C SR group, P. locustae showed a decrease in the germination rate and notable rises in ATP and active oxygen (ROS) levels, and the median survival time of infected locusts increased. The 40 °C GR group showed no significant changes in the ATP level, ROS level, spore germination rate, or the survival curve of infected locusts compared with the control group. The ZW group showed increases in the ATP and ROS levels, but no significant change in the germination rate or the survival curve of infected locusts. Conclusions Dry spores of P. locustae exhibit greater resistance to environmental stress, while prolonged exposure to liquid conditions leads to a decrease or even loss of spore viability. These findings provide insights for the preservation and application of P. locustae formulations, establishing a theoretical basis for revealing its environmental adaptability.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Weiqi GUO, Hanye KANG, Fan HUO, Hangyue ZHANG, Na ZHANG, Rong JI, Hongxia HU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1226236837728010726, articleId=1226236834343207232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=CN, title=环境对蝗虫微孢子虫孢子能量代谢和应激反应的影响, columnId=1192149544164012138, journalTitle=微生物学报, columnName=研究报告, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

蝗虫微孢子虫(Paranosema locustae)作为一种环境友好的生物防治剂,在蝗虫生物防治中具有广阔的应用潜力。然而,在实际应用中,其效果会受到多种环境因素的影响。因此了解蝗虫微孢子虫对不同环境的抗性差异,对其在生物防治中的应用至关重要。【目的】探究不同环境条件对蝗虫微孢子虫能量代谢和应激反应,为蝗虫微孢子虫的环境适应性提供理论基础。【方法】将蝗虫微孢子虫孢子制剂暴露于3种可控的实验环境中,分别是40 °C干燥环境、20 °C水环境以及干燥条件下紫外线(≥100 µW/cm²)辐照不同时间。通过酶标仪、激光共聚焦显微镜和相差显微镜,分别测定处理后的蝗虫微孢子虫感染蝗虫的生存曲线、孢子发芽率、ATP含量、蛋白量、活性氧(active oxygen, ROS)水平以及海藻糖含量。【结果】在20 °C水环境中处理后,蝗虫微孢子虫的发芽率降低,感染蝗虫的中位生存时间延长;同时,其ATP和ROS水平显著上升。在40 °C干燥环境下,孢子的ATP浓度和ROS水平无显著变化,发芽率以及感染蝗虫的生存曲线与对照组相比也无显著差异。此外,在高强度紫外线照射(≥100 µW/cm²)下,蝗虫微孢子虫的ATP浓度也显著上升,ROS反应增强,但发芽率以及感染蝗虫的生存曲线未出现显著变化。【结论】干燥状态的蝗虫微孢子虫对环境具有更强的抗性,而长时间处于液体环境中会导致孢子活力降低甚至丧失。这些结果为蝗虫微孢子虫生物治蝗制剂的保存方法和应用提供了思路,并为其环境适应性研究提供了理论基础。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=SONQe7T9wcxuaF3VuDpFdQ==, magXml=swRp996ujzOrt2pcA3FJhQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=yJPq/uIU15wReEuekV7FdQ==, pdfFileSize=1832637, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=+9v4pRF/qcafTLhwFZXQXA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=2pWkhvVo4s+jNjvb6oXA3g==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

作者贡献声明

郭玮琦:研究构思和设计、数据收集和处理、论文撰写和修改;康韩晔:提供技术支持、协助实验操作;霍帆:数据收集和处理支持、协助实验操作;张航悦:协助实验操作;张娜:协助实验操作;季荣:提供技术支持;扈鸿霞:研究构思和设计、论文撰写和修改、提供技术支持。

, authorsList=郭玮琦, 康晗晔, 霍帆, 张航悦, 张娜, 季荣, 扈鸿霞)}, authors=[Author(id=1226592756089401652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592756219425087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756089401652, language=EN, stringName=Weiqi GUO, firstName=Weiqi, middleName=null, lastName=GUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592756320088391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756089401652, language=CN, stringName=郭玮琦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592756462694738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592756592718179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756462694738, language=EN, stringName=Hanye KANG, firstName=Hanye, middleName=null, lastName=KANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592756693381483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756462694738, language=CN, stringName=康晗晔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592756844376435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592756949234047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756844376435, language=EN, stringName=Fan HUO, firstName=Fan, middleName=null, lastName=HUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592757100229003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592756844376435, language=CN, stringName=霍帆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592757213475223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592757343498656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592757213475223, language=EN, stringName=Hangyue ZHANG, firstName=Hangyue, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592757481910699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592757213475223, language=CN, stringName=张航悦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592757624517046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592757783900609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592757624517046, language=EN, stringName=Na ZHANG, firstName=Na, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592757892952521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592757624517046, language=CN, stringName=张娜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592758039753169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592759423873497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592758039753169, language=EN, stringName=Rong JI, firstName=Rong, middleName=null, lastName=JI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592759574868448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592758039753169, language=CN, stringName=季荣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])]), Author(id=1226592759700697578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=huhongxia111@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1226592759860081144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592759700697578, language=EN, stringName=Hongxia HU, firstName=Hongxia, middleName=null, lastName=HU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1226592759985910275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, authorId=1226592759700697578, language=CN, stringName=扈鸿霞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1226592760212402710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Paranosema locustae), Keyword(id=1226592760346620448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=environmental adaptability), Keyword(id=1226592760518586920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=ATP), Keyword(id=1226592760615055918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=ROS), Keyword(id=1226592760820576822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=trehalose), Keyword(id=1226592760950600252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=蝗虫微孢子虫), Keyword(id=1226592761093206593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=环境适应性), Keyword(id=1226592761235812941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=ATP), Keyword(id=1226592761378419282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=ROS), Keyword(id=1226592761495859801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=海藻糖)], refs=[Reference(id=1226592768554873553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=5, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=KEELING P, journalName=PLoS Pathogens, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KEELING P. Five questions about microsporidia[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2009, 5(9): e1000489., articleTitle=Five questions about microsporidia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592768697479898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=5, issue=2, pageStart=10, pageEnd=1128, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=HAN B, WEISS LM, journalName=Microbiology Spectrum, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAN B, WEISS LM. Microsporidia: obligate intracellular pathogens within the fungal Kingdom[J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2017, 5(2): 10-1128., articleTitle=Microsporidia: obligate intracellular pathogens within the fungal Kingdom, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592768848474851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=14, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=CAPELLA-GUTIÉRREZ S, MARCET-HOUBEN M, GABALDÓN T, journalName=BMC Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAPELLA-GUTIÉRREZ S, MARCET-HOUBEN M, GABALDÓN T. Phylogenomics supports microsporidia as the earliest diverging clade of sequenced fungi[J]. BMC Biology, 2012, 10: 1-14., articleTitle=Phylogenomics supports microsporidia as the earliest diverging clade of sequenced fungi, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592768957526759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=5, issue=12, pageStart=2285, pageEnd=2303, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=NAKJANG S, WILLIAMS TA, HEINZ E, WATSON AK, FOSTER PG, SENDRA KM, HEAPS SE, HIRT RP, MARTIN EMBLEY T, journalName=Genome Biology and Evolution, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NAKJANG S, WILLIAMS TA, HEINZ E, WATSON AK, FOSTER PG, SENDRA KM, HEAPS SE, HIRT RP, MARTIN EMBLEY T. Reduction and expansion in microsporidian genome evolution: new insights from comparative genomics[J]. Genome Biology and Evolution, 2013, 5(12): 2285-2303., articleTitle=Reduction and expansion in microsporidian genome evolution: new insights from comparative genomics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769083355883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2002, volume=56, issue=1, pageStart=93, pageEnd=116, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=KEELING PJ, FAST NM, journalName=Annual Review of Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KEELING PJ, FAST NM. Microsporidia: biology and evolution of highly reduced intracellular parasites[J]. Annual Review of Microbiology, 2002, 56(1): 93-116., articleTitle=Microsporidia: biology and evolution of highly reduced intracellular parasites, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769238545137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1971, volume=18, issue=3, pageStart=389, pageEnd=394, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=HENRY JE, journalName=Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HENRY JE. Experimental application of Nosema locustae for control of grasshoppers[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1971, 18(3): 389-394., articleTitle=Experimental application of Nosema locustae for control of grasshoppers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769381151481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=14, issue=2, pageStart=137, pageEnd=141, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=LANGE CE, journalName=Journal of Orthoptera Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LANGE CE. The host and geographical range of the grasshopper pathogen Paranosema (Nosema) locustae revisited[J]. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 2005, 14(2): 137-141., articleTitle=The host and geographical range of the grasshopper pathogen Paranosema (Nosema) locustae revisited, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769481814783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1996, volume=43, issue=3, pageStart=181, pageEnd=186, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=BIGLIARDI E, SELMI MG, LUPETTI P, CORONA S, GATTI S, SCAGLIA M, SACCHI L, journalName=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BIGLIARDI E, SELMI MG, LUPETTI P, CORONA S, GATTI S, SCAGLIA M, SACCHI L. Microsporidian spore wall: ultrastructural findings on Encephalitozoon hellem exospore[J]. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 1996, 43(3): 181-186., articleTitle=Microsporidian spore wall: ultrastructural findings on Encephalitozoon hellem exospore, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769603449606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=187, issue=null, pageStart=93, pageEnd=100, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=YANG DL, PAN LX, CHEN ZZ, DU HH, LUO B, LUO J, PAN GQ, journalName=Experimental Parasitology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG DL, PAN LX, CHEN ZZ, DU HH, LUO B, LUO J, PAN GQ. The roles of microsporidia spore wall proteins in the spore wall formation and polar tube anchorage to spore wall during development and infection processes[J]. Experimental Parasitology, 2018, 187: 93-100., articleTitle=The roles of microsporidia spore wall proteins in the spore wall formation and polar tube anchorage to spore wall during development and infection processes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769762833164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=16, issue=1, pageStart=305, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=CHEN YQ, LV Q, LIAO HJ, XIE ZK, HONG LY, QI L, PAN GQ, LONG MX, ZHOU ZY, journalName=Parasites & Vectors, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN YQ, LV Q, LIAO HJ, XIE ZK, HONG LY, QI L, PAN GQ, LONG MX, ZHOU ZY. The microsporidian polar tube: origin, structure, composition, function, and application[J]. Parasites & Vectors, 2023, 16(1): 305., articleTitle=The microsporidian polar tube: origin, structure, composition, function, and application, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592769897050900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=16, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=JAROENLAK P, CAMMER M, DAVYDOV A, SALL J, USMANI M, LIANG FX, EKIERT DC, BHABHA G, journalName=PLoS Pathogens, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAROENLAK P, CAMMER M, DAVYDOV A, SALL J, USMANI M, LIANG FX, EKIERT DC, BHABHA G. 3-dimensional organization and dynamics of the microsporidian polar tube invasion machinery[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2020, 16(9): e1008738., articleTitle=3-dimensional organization and dynamics of the microsporidian polar tube invasion machinery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770056434457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=52, issue=1/2, pageStart=36, pageEnd=40, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=FRANZEN C, journalName=Folia Parasitologica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FRANZEN C. How do microsporidia invade cells?[J]. Folia Parasitologica, 2005, 52(1/2): 36-40., articleTitle=How do microsporidia invade cells?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770199040802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=44, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=531, pageEnd=553, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=MOIR A, journalName=Annual Review of Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MOIR A. The genetics of bacterial spore germination[J]. Annual Review of Microbiology, 44: 531-553., articleTitle=The genetics of bacterial spore germination, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770303898408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=57, issue=4, pageStart=695, pageEnd=707, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=SINAI L, ROSENBERG A, SMITH Y, SEGEV E, BEN-YEHUDA S, journalName=Molecular Cell, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SINAI L, ROSENBERG A, SMITH Y, SEGEV E, BEN-YEHUDA S. The molecular timeline of a reviving bacterial spore[J]. Molecular Cell, 2015, 57(4): 695-707., articleTitle=The molecular timeline of a reviving bacterial spore, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770412950319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=10, pageStart=105242, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=RAO L, ZHOU B, SERRUYA R, MOUSSAIEFF A, SINAI L, BEN-YEHUDA S, journalName=iScience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RAO L, ZHOU B, SERRUYA R, MOUSSAIEFF A, SINAI L, BEN-YEHUDA S. Glutamate catabolism during sporulation determines the success of the future spore germination[J]. iScience, 2022, 25(10): 105242., articleTitle=Glutamate catabolism during sporulation determines the success of the future spore germination, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770576528181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=295, pageEnd=303, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=PALMA FR, GANTNER BN, SAKIYAMA MJ, KAYZUKA C, SHUKLA S, LACCHINI R, CUNNIFF B, BONINI MG, journalName=Oncogene, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PALMA FR, GANTNER BN, SAKIYAMA MJ, KAYZUKA C, SHUKLA S, LACCHINI R, CUNNIFF B, BONINI MG. ROS production by mitochondria: function or dysfunction?[J]. Oncogene, 2024, 43(5): 295-303., articleTitle=ROS production by mitochondria: function or dysfunction?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770656219960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=72, issue=10, pageStart=1091, pageEnd=1109, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=GESSLER NN, AVER’YANOV AA, BELOZERSKAYA TA, journalName=Biochemistry (Moscow), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GESSLER NN, AVER’YANOV AA, BELOZERSKAYA TA. Reactive oxygen species in regulation of fungal development[J]. Biochemistry (Moscow), 2007, 72(10): 1091-1109., articleTitle=Reactive oxygen species in regulation of fungal development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770744300349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=13, issue=4, pageStart=17, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=ELBEIN AD, PAN YT, PASTUSZAK I, CARROLL D, journalName=Glycobiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ELBEIN AD, PAN YT, PASTUSZAK I, CARROLL D. New insights on trehalose: a multifunctional molecule[J]. Glycobiology, 2003, 13(4): 17R-27R., articleTitle=New insights on trehalose: a multifunctional molecule, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770811409218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=29, issue=9, pageStart=2088, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=KUCZYŃSKA-WIŚNIK D, STOJOWSKA-SWĘDRZYŃSKA K, LASKOWSKA E, journalName=Molecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KUCZYŃSKA-WIŚNIK D, STOJOWSKA-SWĘDRZYŃSKA K, LASKOWSKA E. Intracellular protective functions and therapeutical potential of trehalose[J]. Molecules, 2024, 29(9): 2088., articleTitle=Intracellular protective functions and therapeutical potential of trehalose, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592770920461125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=24, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=JAIN NK, ROY I, journalName=Protein Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAIN NK, ROY I. Effect of trehalose on protein structure[J]. Protein Science, 2009, 18(1): 24-36., articleTitle=Effect of trehalose on protein structure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592771084038994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=583, issue=7815, pageStart=303, pageEnd=309, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=AN H, ORDUREAU A, KÖRNER M, PAULO JA, HARPER JW, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AN H, ORDUREAU A, KÖRNER M, PAULO JA, HARPER JW. Systematic quantitative analysis of ribosome inventory during nutrient stress[J]. Nature, 2020, 583(7815): 303-309., articleTitle=Systematic quantitative analysis of ribosome inventory during nutrient stress, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592771188896599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=10, pageStart=27, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=赵性宝, journalName=农业知识, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵性宝. 蝗虫微孢子虫在防治蝗害中的作用和制约因素[J]. 农业知识, 2022(10): 27-28., articleTitle=蝗虫微孢子虫在防治蝗害中的作用和制约因素, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592771306337117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1994, volume=2, issue=1, pageStart=14, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=王丽英, 曹春, journalName=草地学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王丽英, 曹春. 我国蝗虫微孢子虫超微结构与致病特性研究[J]. 草地学报, 1994, 2(1): 14-21., articleTitle=我国蝗虫微孢子虫超微结构与致病特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592771427971940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=378, issue=6615, pageStart=43, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=KIKUCHI K, GALERA-LAPORTA L, WEATHERWAX C, LAM JY, MOON EC, THEODORAKIS EA, GARCIA-OJALVO J, SÜEL GM, journalName=Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KIKUCHI K, GALERA-LAPORTA L, WEATHERWAX C, LAM JY, MOON EC, THEODORAKIS EA, GARCIA-OJALVO J, SÜEL GM. Electrochemical potential enables dormant spores to integrate environmental signals[J]. Science, 2022, 378(6615): 43-49., articleTitle=Electrochemical potential enables dormant spores to integrate environmental signals, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592772786926440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=114, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=LIU H, WEI XJ, YE XF, ZHANG HH, YANG K, SHI WP, ZHANG JR, JASHENKO R, JI R, HU HX, journalName=Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU H, WEI XJ, YE XF, ZHANG HH, YANG K, SHI WP, ZHANG JR, JASHENKO R, JI R, HU HX. The immune response of Locusta migratoria manilensis at different times of infection with Paranosema locustae [J]. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2023, 114(4): e22055., articleTitle=The immune response of Locusta migratoria manilensis at different times of infection with Paranosema locustae, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592772883395436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=253, pageEnd=319, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=VÁVRA J, LUKEŠ J, journalName=Advances in Parasitology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VÁVRA J, LUKEŠ J. Microsporidia and ‘the art of living together’[M]// Advances in Parasitology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2013: 253-319., articleTitle=Microsporidia and ‘the art of living together’, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592772984058735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=105, issue=6, pageStart=1915, pageEnd=1920, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=GUO YY, AN Z, SHI WP, journalName=Journal of Economic Entomology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO YY, AN Z, SHI WP. Control of grasshoppers by combined application of Paranosema locustae and an insect growth regulator (IGR) (cascade) in rangelands in China[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2012, 105(6): 1915-1920., articleTitle=Control of grasshoppers by combined application of Paranosema locustae and an insect growth regulator (IGR) (cascade) in rangelands in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773156025204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=46, issue=null, pageStart=667, pageEnd=702, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=LOMER CJ, BATEMAN RP, JOHNSON DL, LANGEWALD J, THOMAS M, journalName=Annual Review of Entomology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LOMER CJ, BATEMAN RP, JOHNSON DL, LANGEWALD J, THOMAS M. Biological control of locusts and grasshoppers[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2001, 46: 667-702., articleTitle=Biological control of locusts and grasshoppers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773239911287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=54, issue=1, pageStart=77, pageEnd=84, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=SHI WP, WANG YY, LV F, GUO C, CHENG X, journalName=BioControl, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI WP, WANG YY, LV F, GUO C, CHENG X. Persistence of Paranosema (Nosema) locustae (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) among grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) populations in the Inner Mongolia Rangeland, China[J]. BioControl, 2009, 54(1): 77-84., articleTitle=Persistence of Paranosema (Nosema) locustae (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) among grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) populations in the Inner Mongolia Rangeland, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773315408763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=1, pageStart=190, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=ROMANO I, CAMERLINGO C, VACCARI L, BIRARDA G, POLI A, FUJIMORI A, LEPORE M, MOELLER R, DI DONATO P, journalName=Microorganisms, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ROMANO I, CAMERLINGO C, VACCARI L, BIRARDA G, POLI A, FUJIMORI A, LEPORE M, MOELLER R, DI DONATO P. Effects of ionizing radiation and long-term storage on hydrated vs. dried cell samples of extremophilic microorganisms[J]. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(1): 190., articleTitle=Effects of ionizing radiation and long-term storage on hydrated vs. dried cell samples of extremophilic microorganisms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773416072063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=44, issue=null, pageStart=100292, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=SEGERS FJJ, DIJKSTERHUIS J, GIESBERS M, DEBETS AJM, journalName=Fungal Biology Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SEGERS FJJ, DIJKSTERHUIS J, GIESBERS M, DEBETS AJM. Natural folding of airborne fungal spores: a mechanism for dispersal and long-term survival?[J]. Fungal Biology Reviews, 2023, 44: 100292., articleTitle=Natural folding of airborne fungal spores: a mechanism for dispersal and long-term survival?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773499958145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=74, issue=1, pageStart=121, pageEnd=156, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=HORNECK G, KLAUS DM, MANCINELLI RL, journalName=Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HORNECK G, KLAUS DM, MANCINELLI RL. Space microbiology[J]. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2010, 74(1): 121-156., articleTitle=Space microbiology, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773667730313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=17, issue=2, pageStart=101, pageEnd=109, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=MOELLER R, RAGUSE M, LEUKO S, BERGER T, HELLWEG CE, FUJIMORI A, OKAYASU R, HORNECK G, GROUP TSR, journalName=Astrobiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MOELLER R, RAGUSE M, LEUKO S, BERGER T, HELLWEG CE, FUJIMORI A, OKAYASU R, HORNECK G, GROUP TSR. STARLIFE-an international campaign to study the role of galactic cosmic radiation in astrobiological model systems[J]. Astrobiology, 2017, 17(2): 101-109., articleTitle=STARLIFE-an international campaign to study the role of galactic cosmic radiation in astrobiological model systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773768393613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=85, issue=null, pageStart=43, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=WYATT TT, WÖSTEN HAB, DIJKSTERHUIS J, journalName=Advances in Applied Microbiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WYATT TT, WÖSTEN HAB, DIJKSTERHUIS J. Fungal Spores for Dispersion in Space and Time[M]// Advances in Applied Microbiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2013, 85: 43-91., articleTitle=Fungal Spores for Dispersion in Space and Time, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1226592773877445522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=4, pageStart=94, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=DAKHEL WH, LATCHININSKY AV, JARONSKI ST, journalName=Insects, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DAKHEL WH, LATCHININSKY AV, JARONSKI ST. Efficacy of two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium brunneum, strain F52 alone and combined with Paranosema locustae against the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions[J]. Insects, 2019, 10(4): 94., articleTitle=Efficacy of two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium brunneum, strain F52 alone and combined with Paranosema locustae against the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1226592766440944297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=2023D01A45, language=EN, fundingSource=Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023D01A45), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226592766558384819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=2023D01A45, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2023D01A45), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226592766700991159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=2024SNGGGCC039, language=EN, fundingSource=Key Personnel Training Program for Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024SNGGGCC039), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226592766818431678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=2024SNGGGCC039, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2024SNGGGCC039), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226592766940066500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=TSYCLJ0016, language=EN, fundingSource=Tianshan Leading Talents Program(TSYCLJ0016), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1226592768319992520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, awardId=TSYCLJ0016, language=CN, fundingSource=天山英才领军人才项目(TSYCLJ0016), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1226592755854520608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755862909215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755871297824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755854520608, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐)]), AuthorCompany(id=1226592755942601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755955183913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1226592755963572523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, companyId=1226592755942601000, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1226592761785266791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Spore germination rate of Paranosema locustae treated under different environmental conditions. A: The change in spore germination rate after treatment under different environmental conditions; B: Comparison between treatment at 100 °C for 10 min and treatment at 20 °C for 15 d in water environment; C: After treatment with spore germination solution for 2 h, spores were observed darken under phase contrast microscopy. **: P<0.01; ****: P<0.000 1; ns: No significant difference., figureFileSmall=apE1bIwajYTWmMDFtXLFnw==, figureFileBig=Ryf9HDeST3qRwDpueDvqTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592761894318699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, label=图1, caption=蝗虫微孢子虫在不同环境条件处理后的孢子发芽率。A:不同环境条件处理后孢子发芽率的变化;B:100 °C处理10 min与20 °C水环境处理15 d的比较;C:未处理孢子和使用孢子发芽液处理2 h后,相差显微镜观察孢子转变为暗态。**:P<0.01;****:P<0.000 1;ns:不显著。, figureFileSmall=apE1bIwajYTWmMDFtXLFnw==, figureFileBig=Ryf9HDeST3qRwDpueDvqTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592762024342132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Survival curves of locusts infected with Paranosema locustae under various environmental conditions. A: Survival curves of locusts infected with P. locustae following water treatment at 20 °C for 5, 10, and 15 d; B: Survival curves of locust microsporidia infected with P. locusts following dry treatment at 40 °C for 5, 10 and 15 d; C: Survival curves of locusts infected with P. locustae following UV irradiation for 8, 16, and 24 h. ****: P<0.000 1; ns: No significant difference., figureFileSmall=pwBKrZUuRbScDp7D0jdv9g==, figureFileBig=prnhSxzKzy0ZkLo8YfVurQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592762179531384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同环境条件处理蝗虫微孢子虫后感染蝗虫的生存曲线。A:20 °C水环境处理蝗虫微孢子虫5、10、15 d后感染蝗虫的生存曲线;B:40 °C干燥环境处理蝗虫微孢子虫5、10、15 d后感染蝗虫的生存曲线;C:紫外照射处理蝗虫微孢子虫8、16、24 h后感染蝗虫的生存曲线。 ****:P<0.000 1;ns:不显著。, figureFileSmall=pwBKrZUuRbScDp7D0jdv9g==, figureFileBig=prnhSxzKzy0ZkLo8YfVurQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592762280194686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Effects of environmental factors on ATP and protein concentrations in Paranosema locustae. A: ATP concentration in P. locustae under different environmental conditions, unit nmol/mg; B: Total spore proteins of 1×109P. locustae treated under different environmental conditions. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ****: P<0.000 1; ns: No significant difference., figureFileSmall=OkBxrq956BNQMHfzGk+ouw==, figureFileBig=pOxiHLZdyhlhAnUnGt3Xnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592762372469383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, label=图3, caption=环境因子对蝗虫微孢子虫ATP和蛋白浓度的影响。A:蝗虫微孢子虫在不同环境条件处理下孢子体内的ATP浓度;B:不同环境条件处理后1×109个蝗虫微孢子虫孢子的蛋白总量。*:P<0.05;**:P<0.01;****:P<0.000 1;ns:不显著。, figureFileSmall=OkBxrq956BNQMHfzGk+ouw==, figureFileBig=pOxiHLZdyhlhAnUnGt3Xnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592762489909903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Changes of ROS levels in Paranosema locustae under different treatment conditions. A: Laser confocal microscope observation images (partial); B: Data analysis of fluorescence signal intensity obtained by processing images with ImageJ. ***: P<0.001; ****: P<0.000 1; ns: No significant difference., figureFileSmall=xTV5Uu/Rye/jtyE+YpK1Vg==, figureFileBig=QABT3/LtaCS6TZC2jkP+9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592763895001750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同条件处理下微孢子虫体内ROS水平的变化。A:激光共聚焦显微镜观察图像(部分);B:通过ImageJ处理得到的荧光信号强度数据分析。***:P<0.001;****:P<0.000 1;ns:不显著。, figureFileSmall=xTV5Uu/Rye/jtyE+YpK1Vg==, figureFileBig=QABT3/LtaCS6TZC2jkP+9A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592766021513881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Changes of trehalose levels in spores of Paranosema locustae treated under different environmental conditions. ns: No significant difference, P≥0.05., figureFileSmall=urjAF/M3345XajRxzLQb4g==, figureFileBig=6hJdXIYWEZP4KzGxkXusBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592766138954397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236834343207232, language=CN, label=图5, caption=蝗虫微孢子虫在不同环境条件处理后的孢子海藻糖水平的变化。ns:不显著,P≥0.05。, figureFileSmall=urjAF/M3345XajRxzLQb4g==, figureFileBig=6hJdXIYWEZP4KzGxkXusBQ==, tableContent=null)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1192105720683257860, delFlag=0, nameCn=微生物学报, nameEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0001-6209, eissn=null, cn=11-1995/Q, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1762149752067, updatedTime=1762150746905, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=A, firstLetterEn=A, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, picEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1192109893441171829, language=CN, name=微生物学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746928, updatedTime=1762150746928, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1192109893512474998, language=EN, name=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1762150746944, updatedTime=1762150746944, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn/actamicrocn/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1192105938417971205, websiteList=[Website(id=1192106105867223981, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1762149843899, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149888800, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=微生物学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107120863626198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150085893, updateTime=1762150085893, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120834266067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150085886, updateTime=1762150085886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120892986329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085900, updateTime=1762150085900, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120825877458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150085884, updateTime=1762150085884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120905569243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085903, updateTime=1762150085903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120846848981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1762150085889, updateTime=1762150085889, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120897180634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150085901, updateTime=1762150085901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120842654676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1762150085888, updateTime=1762150085888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120872014807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150085895, updateTime=1762150085895, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107120880403416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106105867223981, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150085897, updateTime=1762150085897, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1192106106018218929, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1192105938417971205, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1762149843935, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1762149925242, updateBy=18614031015, name=微生物学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1192107140455220192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1762150090564, updateTime=1762150090564, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140434248669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1762150090559, updateTime=1762150090559, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140476191715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090569, updateTime=1762150090569, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140425860060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FOz4Ks7dC79FYnCEBIlMdw==, createTime=1762150090557, updateTime=1762150090557, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140484580325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090571, updateTime=1762150090571, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140451025887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1762150090563, updateTime=1762150090563, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140480386020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1762150090570, updateTime=1762150090570, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140442637278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1762150090561, updateTime=1762150090561, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140463608801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1762150090566, updateTime=1762150090566, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1192107140467803106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1192106106018218929, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1762150090567, updateTime=1762150090567, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=微生物学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://actamicro.ijournals.cn, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, journalPhotoCn=tNA7JigLZj/rxynSmzKgDQ==, journalPhotoEn=R/d5eSUu8/o5mAGWCF3M5Q==, journalFirstLetter=A, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/EN/PDF/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
环境对蝗虫微孢子虫孢子能量代谢和应激反应的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
郭玮琦 1, 2 , 康晗晔 1, 2 , 霍帆 1, 2 , 张航悦 1, 2 , 张娜 1, 2 , 季荣 1, 2 , 扈鸿霞 1, 2
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(5): 2229-2239
收起
收藏切换
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(5): 2229-2239
环境对蝗虫微孢子虫孢子能量代谢和应激反应的影响
全屏
郭玮琦1, 2, 康晗晔1, 2, 霍帆1, 2, 张航悦1, 2, 张娜1, 2, 季荣1, 2, 扈鸿霞1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
  • 2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城
Effects of environment conditions on spore energy metabolism and stress responses of Paranosema locustae
Weiqi GUO1, 2, Hanye KANG1, 2, Fan HUO1, 2, Hangyue ZHANG1, 2, Na ZHANG1, 2, Rong JI1, 2, Hongxia HU1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, International Research Center of Cross-border Pest Management in Central Asia, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
  • 2.Tacheng Insect Migratory Biology Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, Xinjiang, China
出版时间: 2025-05-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804
文章导航
收藏切换

蝗虫微孢子虫(Paranosema locustae)作为一种环境友好的生物防治剂,在蝗虫生物防治中具有广阔的应用潜力。然而,在实际应用中,其效果会受到多种环境因素的影响。因此了解蝗虫微孢子虫对不同环境的抗性差异,对其在生物防治中的应用至关重要。【目的】探究不同环境条件对蝗虫微孢子虫能量代谢和应激反应,为蝗虫微孢子虫的环境适应性提供理论基础。【方法】将蝗虫微孢子虫孢子制剂暴露于3种可控的实验环境中,分别是40 °C干燥环境、20 °C水环境以及干燥条件下紫外线(≥100 µW/cm²)辐照不同时间。通过酶标仪、激光共聚焦显微镜和相差显微镜,分别测定处理后的蝗虫微孢子虫感染蝗虫的生存曲线、孢子发芽率、ATP含量、蛋白量、活性氧(active oxygen, ROS)水平以及海藻糖含量。【结果】在20 °C水环境中处理后,蝗虫微孢子虫的发芽率降低,感染蝗虫的中位生存时间延长;同时,其ATP和ROS水平显著上升。在40 °C干燥环境下,孢子的ATP浓度和ROS水平无显著变化,发芽率以及感染蝗虫的生存曲线与对照组相比也无显著差异。此外,在高强度紫外线照射(≥100 µW/cm²)下,蝗虫微孢子虫的ATP浓度也显著上升,ROS反应增强,但发芽率以及感染蝗虫的生存曲线未出现显著变化。【结论】干燥状态的蝗虫微孢子虫对环境具有更强的抗性,而长时间处于液体环境中会导致孢子活力降低甚至丧失。这些结果为蝗虫微孢子虫生物治蝗制剂的保存方法和应用提供了思路,并为其环境适应性研究提供了理论基础。

蝗虫微孢子虫  /  环境适应性  /  ATP  /  ROS  /  海藻糖

Paranosema locustae, an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent, holds significant potential for managing locusts. However, its application is affected by various environmental factors. Understanding the resistance differences of P. locustae under different conditions is essential for its application in biocontrol. [Objective] To study the effects of different environmental conditions on the energy metabolism and stress responses of P. locustae, providing a theoretical foundation for its environmental adaptability. [Methods] Spores of P. locustae were exposed to three controlled experimental environments: a dry environment at 40 °C (40 °C GR), a wet environment at 20 °C (20 °C SR), and ultraviolet irradiation under dry conditions (≥100 µW/cm2) (ZW) for varying time periods. We employed a microplate reader, laser confocal microscopy, and differential interference contrast microscopy to assess the survival curves of infected locusts and the spore germination rate, ATP level, protein content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and trehalose level of P. locustae. [Results] In the 20 °C SR group, P. locustae showed a decrease in the germination rate and notable rises in ATP and active oxygen (ROS) levels, and the median survival time of infected locusts increased. The 40 °C GR group showed no significant changes in the ATP level, ROS level, spore germination rate, or the survival curve of infected locusts compared with the control group. The ZW group showed increases in the ATP and ROS levels, but no significant change in the germination rate or the survival curve of infected locusts. Conclusions Dry spores of P. locustae exhibit greater resistance to environmental stress, while prolonged exposure to liquid conditions leads to a decrease or even loss of spore viability. These findings provide insights for the preservation and application of P. locustae formulations, establishing a theoretical basis for revealing its environmental adaptability.

Paranosema locustae  /  environmental adaptability  /  ATP  /  ROS  /  trehalose
郭玮琦, 康晗晔, 霍帆, 张航悦, 张娜, 季荣, 扈鸿霞. 环境对蝗虫微孢子虫孢子能量代谢和应激反应的影响. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (5) : 2229 -2239 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804
Weiqi GUO, Hanye KANG, Fan HUO, Hangyue ZHANG, Na ZHANG, Rong JI, Hongxia HU. Effects of environment conditions on spore energy metabolism and stress responses of Paranosema locustae[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (5) : 2229 -2239 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804
微孢子虫作为真菌界细胞内寄生病原体,能够感染大部分无脊椎动物和脊椎动物[1-3]。其基因组的压缩导致微孢子虫严重依赖宿主细胞资源[4-5]。蝗虫微孢子虫(Paranosema locustae)专性寄生于蝗虫,是最早开发和登记的蝗虫防治微生物制剂,也是目前唯一开发用于害虫防治的微孢子虫,田间应用广泛[6-7]。在环境阶段,微孢子虫具有一个保护性结构——孢子壁,由 3层结构组成,由外到内依次为孢子外壁(exospore)、孢子内壁(endospore)和原生质膜(plasma membrane)[8]。孢子外壁由致密的淀粉纤维状蛋白质基质构成,表面均匀但不光滑,有突起,为微孢子虫提供了物理抗压能力,以抵御外界环境胁迫[9]。微孢子虫寄生的第一步是发芽,在合适的环境刺激下,孢子极管外翻[10]。极管的吐出以及孢子内容物的运输发生在极短时间内,仅需1.6 s[11],最终侵染性的孢质团被转运到宿主细胞中,完成寄生过程[12]。孢子发芽后,随着核心区域的再水化,其相态由亮转变为暗,悬浮液散射行为的改变导致孢子萌发期间光密度(optical density, OD)的损失[13-14]。因此,通过测定OD630的吸收值,可以反映微孢子虫的发芽情况。
在细菌芽孢中,ATP会激发芽孢萌发,母细胞中ATP的产生会影响子芽孢的ATP库[15]。活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)是呼吸作用的副产品,与功能障碍和疾病广泛相关,是疾病期间积累的功能失调线粒体的产物,各种应激因素会导致生物体内的ROS积累[16-17]。在环境阶段,微孢子虫无法获得能量,为了应对外界刺激,只能通过消耗自身能量物质来合成ATP以应对应激反应,最常用的能源物质就是海藻糖。海藻糖存在于多种生物体中,发挥着多种生物学功能,如渗透保护和作为毒力因子等。在热、冷、氧化、干燥等环境压力下,海藻糖被合成为应激反应因子,而在真菌孢子中,它可以作为能量和碳的来源,在发芽过程中迅速消耗[18-20]。此外,在急性营养应激条件下,蛋白质也可以作为能量来源,细胞通过蛋白酶体和自噬系统,利用翻译抑制和降解机制来响应营养应激并重组[21]
蝗虫微孢子虫生长和繁殖的适宜温度在20-35 °C范围内,但孢子制剂的存放条件一般是在-20 °C至-10 °C环境下冷冻保存。应用时,需先将孢子母液化冻,并添加助剂配制成微孢子虫制剂使用,由于蝗虫防治时期多在夏季,孢子制剂运输到野外需要经过长时间的常温液体环境保存,这制约了其远距离运输和大面积推广应用[22]。微孢子虫经消化道感染寄主[23],洒到田间后如果不能快速被宿主摄食,还需要面临野外干燥、高温和紫外等环境。一般情况下,生物体面对热、紫外线辐射和干燥条件会出现显著的应激反应,而长时间的应激可能会导致生物死亡。然而,关于外界环境因子是否会影响蝗虫微孢子虫的杀虫效果,目前尚未见研究报道。本研究将蝗虫微孢子虫暴露在3种可控的实验环境中:20 °C水环境(20 °C SR)、40 °C干燥环境(40 °C GR)、辐照强度≥100 μW/cm²的紫外照射(ZW),分别模拟运输环境、野外高温和紫外照射环境。检测蝗虫微孢子虫在不同环境条件下孢子发芽率、感染蝗虫后的孢子毒力和感染力、ATP含量、蛋白量、ROS水平以及海藻糖含量。旨在了解环境孢子阶段蝗虫微孢子虫的环境适应性,找到蝗虫微孢子虫的最佳存储和应用环境,为其推广应用提供科学依据。
蝗虫微孢子虫由中国农业大学植物保护学院提供,经冷链运输至实验室。使用6层医用纱布过滤,去除大部分蝗虫组织等杂质,经血细胞计数后,将孢子稀释至1×109孢子/mL,并分装至1.5 mL离心管中,于-20 °C保存备用。
取1 mL孢子悬浮液(1×109孢子/mL)用蒸馏水洗涤3次。对于20 °C水环境处理,将孢子悬浮液置于20 °C的金属浴中,分别处理5、10和15 d。对于40 °C干燥环境处理,将孢子悬浮液移至滤纸上,室温风干后,置于底部含硅胶干燥剂的1.5 mL离心管中(相对湿度≤30%),并在40 °C的金属浴中处理5、10和15 d。对于紫外环境处理,将孢子悬浮液转移到6 cm培养皿中,使用2个波长为253.7 nm的15 W紫外灯(江苏巨光光电科技有限公司)放置在孢子上方30 cm处,以≥100 µW/cm²的强度垂直照射(不盖培养皿,相对湿度≤30%),室温下照射8、16和24 h。设置阳性对照为-20 °C冷冻保存的蝗虫微孢子虫悬液,阴性对照为将蝗虫微孢子虫置于100 °C沸水中处理10 min。-20 °C冷冻保存的蝗虫微孢子虫悬液(CK);100 °C沸水处理10 min (100 °C 10 min);20 °C水环境处理5 d (20 °C SR 5 d);20 °C水环境处理10 d (20 °C SR 10 d);20 °C水环境处理15 d (20 °C SR 15 d);40 °C干燥环境处理5 d (40 °C GR 5 d);40 °C干燥环境处理10 d (40 °C GR 10 d);40 °C干燥环境处理15 d (40 °C GR 15 d);紫外光持续照射8 h (ZW 8 h);紫外光持续照射16 h (ZW 16 h);紫外光持续照射24 h (ZW 24 h)。
将蝗虫微孢子虫悬浮液稀释至浓度为108孢子/mL,5 000 r/min离心1 min,弃去上清液。加入1 mL 0.25 mol/L NaHCO3-Na2CO3溶液,充分混匀后,在28 °C金属浴中放置2 h,使孢子充分发芽。发芽结束后5 000 r/min离心1 min,弃去上清液,加入1 mL蒸馏水。使用Infinite M200 PRO全波长酶标仪(Tecan上海贸易有限公司)在OD630处测定吸光度[13,24]。同时检测发芽孢子和未发芽孢子的OD630吸光度,每组进行3次生物学重复,每个样本进行3次技术重复,同一稀释浓度下,发芽率计算如公式(1)所示。
$发芽率 =\left[\left(\right.\right. 发芽起始液 \left.O D_{630}\right)-( 发芽终止液 \left.\left.O D_{630}\right)\right] / 发芽起始液 O D_{630} \times 100 \% $
本研究使用的模式生物为东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria manilensis),在温度为(30±2) °C、相对湿度为(50±5)%、明暗周期为14:10的恒温箱中孵化。孵化后的蝗虫在温度(30±2) °C、相对湿度(50±5)%、恒定光照的昆虫培养室内饲养,饲喂新鲜水培小麦。当蝗虫达到三龄期时,进行蝗虫微孢子虫感染。用血细胞计数板计数,将孢子稀释至浓度为1×108孢子/mL。接种前饥饿12-24 h时,使用移液器喂入5 µL孢子悬液,每只蝗虫接受5×105孢子的感染剂量[25]。设置阳性对照组为-20 °C保存的蝗虫微孢子虫感染的蝗虫;阴性对照组为未感染微孢子虫的蝗虫。生存实验中,每个感染实验组包含50只蝗虫。每天记录并移除死亡的蝗虫(排除非自然死亡)。
通过ATP浓度与蛋白浓度的比值来表示不同处理下蝗虫微孢子虫的ATP浓度。使用增强型ATP检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司),按照试剂盒提供的方法绘制标准曲线。取1×109孢子/mL的孢子悬浮,沉淀后加入1 mL裂解液,加入研磨珠,使用JXFSTPRP-24全自动样品研磨仪(上海净信实业发展有限公司),以70 Hz的频率研磨1 min,间隔5 s,研磨5次。在4 °C、12 000×g离心5 min,取上清液。在96孔板中加入100 µL ATP检测工作液,室温放置3-5 min以清除本底ATP。加入20 μL样品并混匀,使用Infinite M200 PRO全波长酶标仪进行化学发光检测(luminometer)。根据ATP检测标准曲线(y=56.636x+80.12;R2=0.997 6)确定样本ATP含量。
使用BCA蛋白浓度检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司),按试剂盒提供的方法绘制标准曲线。取20 μL待测样品,每个孔中加入200 μL的BCA工作液,在37 °C下放置 20 min。使用Infinite M200 PRO全波长酶标仪在波长OD562下进行检测,并根据标准曲线(y=0.7212x+0.1504;R2=0.992 2)确定蛋白浓度。
使用无血清昆虫细胞培养基将探针DCFE-DA稀释至1:1 000。对照组取未处理的微孢子虫,将探针装载于细胞内,37 °C下孵育20 min后,去除DCFE-DA,使用无血清培养液洗涤孢子3次,然后在荧光显微镜下检测。实验组为环境因子刺激后的细胞,装载探针后在37 °C下孵育20 min,去除DCFE-DA后,用无血清培养液洗涤细胞3次。在相同的激光强度下,使用激光共聚焦显微镜(徕卡仪器有限公司)观察。使用ImageJ win64软件处理荧光信号强度,并根据荧光信号强度数据化微孢子虫体内的ROS水平。
使用海藻糖检测试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司),根据海藻糖标准品绘制标准曲线。将处理好的微孢子虫(1×109个孢子)加入1 mL海藻糖提取液,加入研磨珠后,在全自动样品研磨仪(上海净信实业发展有限公司)中,以70 Hz的频率研磨1 min,间隔5 s,研磨5次。室温静置45 min,振荡3-5次,冷却后 8 000×g常温离心10 min,取上清液。取60 μL样本和240 μL现配的工作液,混匀后在95 °C下水浴10 min,自然冷却至室温后,取200 μL至96孔板中,使用Infinite M200 PRO全波长酶标仪在波长OD620下检测。根据标准曲线(y=3.777 4x+0.086 2;R2=0.995 3),按照1×108个孢子计算微孢子虫的海藻糖含量,如公式(2)所示。
$\begin{array}{l}\text { 海藻糖含量 }\left(\mu \mathrm{g} / 10^{8} \text { 孢子 }\right)=1000 \times V_{1} \times x \div\\\left(10 \times V_{1} \div V_{2}\right)=100 x\end{array}$
式中:V1为反应体系中的样本体积,0.06 mL;V2为提取液总体积,1 mL;10为孢子总数,10亿;1 000为单位换算系数。
所有数据及统计检验均采用GraphPad Prism 8.0.2软件处理。数据采用单因素方差分析或非配对t检验进行分析,并采用Dunnett多重比较检验将实验组与对照组进行比较。所有标准曲线使用Excel制作[原始数据存储在国家微生物科学数据中心(http://nmdc.cn),编号为NMDCX0002081]。生存曲线采用GraphPad Prism 8进行数据分析和绘制,P值采用Mantel-Cox检验计算。P值的显著性水平用星号表示,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001和****P<0.000 1;ns表示不显著(P≥0.05)。
与阳性对照组相比,紫外和干燥条件均未导致孢子发芽率降低(图1A1C)。然而,在20 °C水环境中处理的孢子发芽率显著下降,处理15 d后,其发芽率与阴性对照组相比无显著差异(图1B)。发芽处理后,大部分孢子内容物并未释放,仍保持明亮状态(图1C)。
在20 °C水环境中处理的蝗虫微孢子虫对蝗虫的毒力显著下降,尤其是处理15 d后,感染蝗虫的中位生存时间达到42.5 d,与未感染蝗虫的生存曲线无显著差异,而阳性对照组的中位生存时间为19 d (图2A)。相比之下,40 °C干燥环境处理的蝗虫微孢子虫感染蝗虫后的生存曲线并与阳性对照组相比无显著差异(图2B)。紫外处理组感染蝗虫的生存曲线与阳性对照组相比同样无显著变化(图2C)。
ATP水平的变化是孢子阶段对环境变化的一种响应。在40 °C干燥条件下,孢子ATP浓度与对照组相比无显著变化。相比之下,在20 °C水环境处理后,蝗虫微孢子虫的ATP浓度显著上升(图3A)。此外,在水环境和紫外环境处理下,蝗虫微孢子虫的蛋白质含量显著下降(图3B)。
与ATP的产生类似,ROS作为呼吸作用的副产物也会随之产生。在水环境和紫外照射下,蝗虫微孢子虫孢子体内的ROS水平上升,而在干燥环境下蝗虫微孢子虫孢子的ROS水平与阳性对照组相比无显著变化(图4)。
环境条件的变化并未显著影响蝗虫微孢子虫体内海藻糖水平。在20 °C水环境下,孢子体内海藻糖含量与对照组相比也无显著差异(图5)。
蝗虫微孢子虫的生命周期涵盖环境中的休眠孢子形式和宿主细胞中的增殖形式[26]。自引入中国以来,它被广泛用作防治蝗虫的生物制剂[27-29]。然而,在运输和应用过程中,蝗虫微孢子虫可能面临-20 °C的冷冻和室温(尤其是水环境)下的储存。当孢子被投放至野外环境时,若无法迅速侵入宿主体内,则要面临光照、干燥、潮湿等多种环境压力。休眠阶段的蝗虫微孢子虫对不同环境条件的能量代谢和氧化应激的响应,反映了孢子对环境的适应能力,这对于其合理且大规模的应用至关重要。
本研究揭示,蝗虫微孢子虫对干燥环境展现出极强的抗性。即便在40 °C的高温条件下,干燥状态的孢子发芽率、感染蝗虫的生存曲线与对照组相比均无显著变化(图2B)。同时,ATP和ROS水平维持在较低水平(图3A图4),这表明干燥条件更易于使微孢子虫进入休眠状态。与极端微生物南极热土副地芽孢杆菌(Parageobacillus thermantarcticus)相似,相较于水合状态的孢子,干燥状态的微生物孢子对极端环境更具抵抗力[30]。作为蝗虫微孢子虫环境阶段的细胞形态,孢子主要通过在空间上利用多种机制或在时间上经历长期休眠来实现分散,例如某些类型的真菌孢子在干燥状态下更易达到真正的休眠状态[31]。辐射是自然界中常见的环境因子。当辐射作用于生物靶标时,会发生直接辐射效应(即DNA、蛋白质等细胞成分直接吸收能量)与间接辐射效应(即细胞靶标与水辐射分解产生的自由基发生相互作用)[32-33]。孢子具备缓慢干燥、自然折叠、核心缓慢脱水等生理功能,从而保护其免受高温、干旱或其他分子的影响[34]。本研究发现,在紫外线处理蝗虫微孢子虫24 h后,孢子ATP和ROS水平上升(图3图4),但发芽率并未下降(图1),同时感染蝗虫的生存曲线与阳性对照组相比也无显著差异(图2C)。这表明干燥状态的孢子增强了蝗虫微孢子虫对紫外线的耐受能力。上述结果说明,缓慢的自然干燥使蝗虫微孢子虫进入真正的休眠状态,提高了其对环境的耐受性,即使长时间处于40 °C高温环境或遭受高剂量紫外辐射,这种干燥孢子有助于蝗虫微孢子虫(作为一种机会性病原体)的扩散,这也是作为生防制剂的蝗虫微孢子虫的一大优势特点。
相反,在20 °C水环境下,孢子ATP和ROS水平均显著上升,能量的消耗和ROS水平的增加导致孢子无法有效发芽。虽然海藻糖是真菌、细菌和昆虫的主要能量来源,但本研究发现蝗虫微孢子虫在休眠阶段并不利用海藻糖作为能量来源(图5),而是以蛋白质作为主要的能量来源(图3B)。水环境中的孢子可能处于萌发状态,但由于缺乏其他刺激,孢子无法发芽,且能量受限,导致孢子陷入急性营养应激状态。在营养应激条件下,蛋白质作为生物体内的能量来源之一,成为孢子的主要能量来源[21]。长时间的营养应激导致蝗虫微孢子虫孢子活力丧失,最终失去发芽能力(图1),这也导致了微孢子虫感染蝗虫后,蝗虫的中位生存时间延长(图2A),这一结果表明,在应用过程中,如果蝗虫微孢子虫不能立即施用于野外,将导致孢子活力下降,最终失去防治效果。
蝗虫微孢子虫专一寄生于蝗虫,孢子阶段是其作为细胞内寄生虫的过渡形态,处于对环境不敏感的状态。这一阶段对环境的抗性是保证其水平传播的重要途径。本研究发现,水环境会导致蝗虫微孢子虫的营养应激,长时间暴露于水环境会使孢子活力下降,失去对宿主的感染性。野外条件下,蝗虫可通过晒太阳提高体温以抑制真菌感染[35]。因此,在干燥环境下,蝗虫微孢子虫保持低水平的能量代谢,孢子进入真正的休眠状态,高温不会引起其应激反应;而在高强度紫外照射下,虽然ATP和ROS水平上升,但发芽率无显著变化,仍能保持对宿主的感染力。这些结果不仅强调了蝗虫微孢子虫对野外环境的适应性,也说明了以干燥固体形式在常温下保存蝗虫微孢子虫制剂的可行性。
本研究通过模拟蝗虫微孢子虫在实际应用中可能遭遇的环境条件,探究了这些条件对其能量代谢与应激反应的影响。通过检测孢子发芽率、感染后蝗虫的生存曲线、ATP水平、蛋白量、ROS水平以及海藻糖的变化,发现自然干燥的蝗虫微孢子虫孢子对环境的适应能力显著增强。这种干燥状态的孢子可作为其主要保存与应用形式。本研究证实了蝗虫微孢子虫耐干旱、高温和抗紫外线的生物学特性,为后续蝗虫微孢子虫新型制剂的开发与应用提供了坚实的理论支持。
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2023D01A45)
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2024SNGGGCC039)
  • 天山英才领军人才项目(TSYCLJ0016)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
KEELING P. Five questions about microsporidia[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2009, 5(9): e1000489.
[2]
HAN B, WEISS LM. Microsporidia: obligate intracellular pathogens within the fungal Kingdom[J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2017, 5(2): 10-1128.
[3]
CAPELLA-GUTIÉRREZ S, MARCET-HOUBEN M, GABALDÓN T. Phylogenomics supports microsporidia as the earliest diverging clade of sequenced fungi[J]. BMC Biology, 2012, 10: 1-14.
[4]
NAKJANG S, WILLIAMS TA, HEINZ E, WATSON AK, FOSTER PG, SENDRA KM, HEAPS SE, HIRT RP, MARTIN EMBLEY T. Reduction and expansion in microsporidian genome evolution: new insights from comparative genomics[J]. Genome Biology and Evolution, 2013, 5(12): 2285-2303.
[5]
KEELING PJ, FAST NM. Microsporidia: biology and evolution of highly reduced intracellular parasites[J]. Annual Review of Microbiology, 2002, 56(1): 93-116.
[6]
HENRY JE. Experimental application of Nosema locustae for control of grasshoppers[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1971, 18(3): 389-394.
[7]
LANGE CE. The host and geographical range of the grasshopper pathogen Paranosema (Nosema) locustae revisited[J]. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 2005, 14(2): 137-141.
[8]
BIGLIARDI E, SELMI MG, LUPETTI P, CORONA S, GATTI S, SCAGLIA M, SACCHI L. Microsporidian spore wall: ultrastructural findings on Encephalitozoon hellem exospore[J]. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 1996, 43(3): 181-186.
[9]
YANG DL, PAN LX, CHEN ZZ, DU HH, LUO B, LUO J, PAN GQ. The roles of microsporidia spore wall proteins in the spore wall formation and polar tube anchorage to spore wall during development and infection processes[J]. Experimental Parasitology, 2018, 187: 93-100.
[10]
CHEN YQ, LV Q, LIAO HJ, XIE ZK, HONG LY, QI L, PAN GQ, LONG MX, ZHOU ZY. The microsporidian polar tube: origin, structure, composition, function, and application[J]. Parasites & Vectors, 2023, 16(1): 305.
[11]
JAROENLAK P, CAMMER M, DAVYDOV A, SALL J, USMANI M, LIANG FX, EKIERT DC, BHABHA G. 3-dimensional organization and dynamics of the microsporidian polar tube invasion machinery[J]. PLoS Pathogens, 2020, 16(9): e1008738.
[12]
FRANZEN C. How do microsporidia invade cells?[J]. Folia Parasitologica, 2005, 52(1/2): 36-40.
[13]
MOIR A. The genetics of bacterial spore germination[J]. Annual Review of Microbiology, 44: 531-553.
[14]
SINAI L, ROSENBERG A, SMITH Y, SEGEV E, BEN-YEHUDA S. The molecular timeline of a reviving bacterial spore[J]. Molecular Cell, 2015, 57(4): 695-707.
[15]
RAO L, ZHOU B, SERRUYA R, MOUSSAIEFF A, SINAI L, BEN-YEHUDA S. Glutamate catabolism during sporulation determines the success of the future spore germination[J]. iScience, 2022, 25(10): 105242.
[16]
PALMA FR, GANTNER BN, SAKIYAMA MJ, KAYZUKA C, SHUKLA S, LACCHINI R, CUNNIFF B, BONINI MG. ROS production by mitochondria: function or dysfunction?[J]. Oncogene, 2024, 43(5): 295-303.
[17]
GESSLER NN, AVER’YANOV AA, BELOZERSKAYA TA. Reactive oxygen species in regulation of fungal development[J]. Biochemistry (Moscow), 2007, 72(10): 1091-1109.
[18]
ELBEIN AD, PAN YT, PASTUSZAK I, CARROLL D. New insights on trehalose: a multifunctional molecule[J]. Glycobiology, 2003, 13(4): 17R-27R.
[19]
KUCZYŃSKA-WIŚNIK D, STOJOWSKA-SWĘDRZYŃSKA K, LASKOWSKA E. Intracellular protective functions and therapeutical potential of trehalose[J]. Molecules, 2024, 29(9): 2088.
[20]
JAIN NK, ROY I. Effect of trehalose on protein structure[J]. Protein Science, 2009, 18(1): 24-36.
[21]
AN H, ORDUREAU A, KÖRNER M, PAULO JA, HARPER JW. Systematic quantitative analysis of ribosome inventory during nutrient stress[J]. Nature, 2020, 583(7815): 303-309.
[22]
赵性宝. 蝗虫微孢子虫在防治蝗害中的作用和制约因素[J]. 农业知识, 2022(10): 27-28.
[23]
王丽英, 曹春. 我国蝗虫微孢子虫超微结构与致病特性研究[J]. 草地学报, 1994, 2(1): 14-21.
[24]
KIKUCHI K, GALERA-LAPORTA L, WEATHERWAX C, LAM JY, MOON EC, THEODORAKIS EA, GARCIA-OJALVO J, SÜEL GM. Electrochemical potential enables dormant spores to integrate environmental signals[J]. Science, 2022, 378(6615): 43-49.
[25]
LIU H, WEI XJ, YE XF, ZHANG HH, YANG K, SHI WP, ZHANG JR, JASHENKO R, JI R, HU HX. The immune response of Locusta migratoria manilensis at different times of infection with Paranosema locustae [J]. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2023, 114(4): e22055.
[26]
VÁVRA J, LUKEŠ J. Microsporidia and ‘the art of living together’[M]// Advances in Parasitology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2013: 253-319.
[27]
GUO YY, AN Z, SHI WP. Control of grasshoppers by combined application of Paranosema locustae and an insect growth regulator (IGR) (cascade) in rangelands in China[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2012, 105(6): 1915-1920.
[28]
LOMER CJ, BATEMAN RP, JOHNSON DL, LANGEWALD J, THOMAS M. Biological control of locusts and grasshoppers[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2001, 46: 667-702.
[29]
SHI WP, WANG YY, LV F, GUO C, CHENG X. Persistence of Paranosema (Nosema) locustae (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) among grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) populations in the Inner Mongolia Rangeland, China[J]. BioControl, 2009, 54(1): 77-84.
[30]
ROMANO I, CAMERLINGO C, VACCARI L, BIRARDA G, POLI A, FUJIMORI A, LEPORE M, MOELLER R, DI DONATO P. Effects of ionizing radiation and long-term storage on hydrated vs. dried cell samples of extremophilic microorganisms[J]. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(1): 190.
[31]
SEGERS FJJ, DIJKSTERHUIS J, GIESBERS M, DEBETS AJM. Natural folding of airborne fungal spores: a mechanism for dispersal and long-term survival?[J]. Fungal Biology Reviews, 2023, 44: 100292.
[32]
HORNECK G, KLAUS DM, MANCINELLI RL. Space microbiology[J]. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2010, 74(1): 121-156.
[33]
MOELLER R, RAGUSE M, LEUKO S, BERGER T, HELLWEG CE, FUJIMORI A, OKAYASU R, HORNECK G, GROUP TSR. STARLIFE-an international campaign to study the role of galactic cosmic radiation in astrobiological model systems[J]. Astrobiology, 2017, 17(2): 101-109.
[34]
WYATT TT, WÖSTEN HAB, DIJKSTERHUIS J. Fungal Spores for Dispersion in Space and Time[M]// Advances in Applied Microbiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2013, 85: 43-91.
[35]
DAKHEL WH, LATCHININSKY AV, JARONSKI ST. Efficacy of two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium brunneum, strain F52 alone and combined with Paranosema locustae against the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions[J]. Insects, 2019, 10(4): 94.
2025年第65卷第5期
PDF下载
150
51
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804
  • 接收时间:2024-12-12
  • 首发时间:2026-02-05
  • 出版时间:2025-05-04
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-12
  • 录用日期:2025-01-07
基金
Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023D01A45)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2023D01A45)
Key Personnel Training Program for Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Rural Residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024SNGGGCC039)
新疆维吾尔自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2024SNGGGCC039)
Tianshan Leading Talents Program(TSYCLJ0016)
天山英才领军人才项目(TSYCLJ0016)
作者信息
    1.新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐
    2.塔城昆虫迁飞生物学新疆野外科学观测研究站,新疆 塔城
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/wswxb/CN/10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240804
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏