Article(id=1226236832791314679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240671, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1730217600000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1739980800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-02-20, onlineDate=1770287243315, onlineDateStr=2026-02-05, pubDate=1746288000000, pubDateStr=2025-05-04, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770287243315, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770287243315, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770287243315, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1226236828399878330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, year='2025', volume='65', issue='5', pageStart='1831', pageEnd='2319', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770287242269, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770344517883, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1226477059812274835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1226477059816469140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, issueId=1226236828399878330, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1976, endPage=1994, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1226236833131053317, articleId=1226236832791314679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, language=EN, title=Construction of bacterial consortia for preventing root rot and promoting growth of crops cultivated in unique agro-ecosystems of Gansu and Qinghai Provinces, columnId=1192149543992045670, journalTitle=Acta Microbiologica Sinica, columnName=Research Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

[Objective] To provide environmental sustainable, safe, and efficacious management approaches for root rot impacting a range of crops in the unique agro-ecosystems of Gansu and Qinghai Provinces. [Methods] The plate confrontation method and the organophosphorus agar plate were used for preliminary screening of 305 strains of tested bacteria, and the strains obtained from preliminary screening were re-screened with the fermentation broth method. Subsequently, the nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, and potassium-solubilizing abilities of the strains were determined by the Kjeldahl method, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and flame photometry, respectively. The siderophore-producing activity, the IAA content in the fermentation broth, as well as the acid, alkali, and salt tolerance of the strains, were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Finally, targeting the pathogens causing root rot in various crops in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces, bacterial consortia were constructed with different functional strains for disease prevention and plant growth promotion. The plant growth-promoting and antifungal effects of different consortia were evaluated, and the best consortium was selected. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA gene and gyrB of the strains in the best consortia were sequenced for identification. The root rot-preventing and plant growth-promoting effects of the best consortium were evaluated by the pot culture method. [Results] A total of 86 antagonistic strains and 134 phosphate-solubilizing strains were preliminarily screened out, and 20 antagonistic strains were selected after re-screening, among which strains K87 and LB17 demonstrated excellent broad-spectrum antifungal effects. Specifically, K87 showed inhibition rates of 87.53%, 74.90%, 75.15%, 79.69%, and 88.43% against Fusarium avenaceum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. solani, and Microdochium bolleyi, respectively. LB17 exhibited inhibition rates of 61.89%, 87.52%, and 87.23% against F. oxysporum, F. solani, and Bipolaris sorokiniana, respectively. Among the 8 strains with superior plant growth-promoting abilities, LB17 had the strongest siderophore-producing activity, with an iron carrier activity unit (su) value of 0.32, and K113 exhibited a good nitrogen-fixing capability, fixing nitrogen at a rate of 0.08 g/L. K87 secreted the highest amount of IAA, which reached 9.87 mg/L. MP6 had the greatest ability to solubilize inorganic phosphorus, with a solubilization rate of 1 470.69 μg/mL, while K85 showed the best performance in solubilizing organic phosphorus, with a solubilization rate of 1 321.23 μg/mL. MP41 excelled in potassium solubilization, with a solubilization rate of 140.33 mg/L. Ultimately, 14 bacterial consortia were constructed, in which T2 exhibited the best synthetic performance, with a nitrogen-fixing rate of 0.212 g/L, a potassium solubilization rate of 86.28 mg/L, and an IAA secretion rate of 16.91 mg/L. Moreover, its inhibition rates against the 6 pathogenic fungi all reached over 60.00%, and even 87.69% against F. equiseti. Strains LB17, K87, and MP6 in this consortium were all identified as Bacillus velezensis. T2 demonstrated significant biocontrol efficacy against root rot in naked barley, with the control effects exceeding 70.00%, and exhibited remarkable plant growth-promoting properties. [Conclusion] This study developed an efficient bacterial consortium for the management of crop root rot and the promotion of crop growth in the unique agro-ecosystems in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces.

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【目的】为甘肃省和青海省特殊生境作物根腐类病害提供绿色安全有效的防治措施。【方法】通过平板对峙法及孟金娜平板法对305株供试细菌进行初筛,对初筛得到的菌株利用发酵液法复筛,然后采用凯氏定氮法、紫外分光光度计法、火焰分光光度计法分别测定复筛后优良菌株的固氮、溶磷、解钾、分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)、分泌铁载体、耐酸、耐碱及耐盐特性。最后针对甘肃省和青海省不同作物根腐类病害病原,将不同功能优良菌株进行复配构建防病促生复合菌系,测定其促生特性及抑菌能力,筛选得到最优复合菌系,分析其所涉及菌株的16S rRNA基因及gyrB基因序列,确定各菌株的分类地位,并通过盆栽法测定其防病促生作用。【结果】共筛选得到拮抗菌86株、溶磷菌134株。复筛得到拮抗菌20株,其中K87、LB17等菌株抑菌效果良好且抑菌谱广。K87对燕麦镰孢、木贼镰孢、尖镰孢、茄镰孢、微座孢的抑菌率分别为87.53%、74.90%、75.15%、79.69%、88.43%;LB17对尖镰孢、茄镰孢、麦根腐平脐蠕孢的抑菌率分别为61.89%、87.52%、87.23%。对8株优良菌促生能力的测定发现:LB17分泌铁载体能力最强,铁载体活性单位(su)值为0.32;K113固氮性能较好,固氮量为0.08 g/L;K87分泌IAA量最高,达9.87 mg/L;MP6溶无机磷量最大,为1 470.69 μg/mL;K85溶有机磷效果最好,溶磷量为1 321.23 μg/mL;MP41解钾性能最好,解钾量为140.33 mg/L。最终构建形成优良复合菌系14组,其中复合菌系T2综合性能最优,固氮量为0.212 g/L,解钾量为86.28 mg/L,分泌IAA量为16.91 mg/L,对6种病原真菌的抑菌率均大于60.00%,对木贼镰孢的抑菌率为87.69%。所涉及菌株LB17、K87、MP6均被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),对青稞根腐类病害的防效均在70.00%以上,且促生效果明显。【结论】本研究构建形成了一种甘青特殊生境作物根腐类病害高效防病促生复合菌系。

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作者贡献声明

李雪萍:实验设计、数据核查、论文撰写;马佳璇:菌株筛选、特性测定、菌种鉴定;许世洋:数据汇总、图表绘制、英文写作;孟欢:辅助菌种鉴定、盆栽试验;李建军:辅助菌株筛选、特性测定;漆永红:负责数据核查、论文核查、保障实验条件。

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caption=优良菌株的耐酸能力, figureFileSmall=CrKYK/fnqUrub2VUHNpVTQ==, figureFileBig=KFu36wEQx+h2q1qXgGfpwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592768949138148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Alkali tolerance of the superior strains., figureFileSmall=JJTQIMOHsaILIqVGTREayQ==, figureFileBig=xRFeNi6FqVClPGWvjYcxEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769079161578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=图5, caption=优良菌株的耐碱能力, figureFileSmall=JJTQIMOHsaILIqVGTREayQ==, figureFileBig=xRFeNi6FqVClPGWvjYcxEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769251128053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Salt tolerance of the superior strains., figureFileSmall=f/RcTYCT6zx/OH52MDDaiw==, figureFileBig=TSb8c/agfz15jkNOStrUCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769389540090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=图6, caption=优良菌株的耐盐能力, figureFileSmall=f/RcTYCT6zx/OH52MDDaiw==, figureFileBig=TSb8c/agfz15jkNOStrUCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769481814782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Compatibility of the superior strains., figureFileSmall=llSGS/1uO/I32fNiqRUoVQ==, figureFileBig=Bud+IgiVMpHyF62TFm/smA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769607643908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=图7, caption=优良菌株间的互作效应, figureFileSmall=llSGS/1uO/I32fNiqRUoVQ==, figureFileBig=Bud+IgiVMpHyF62TFm/smA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769762833163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Antifungal rate of the superior bacterial consortia against pathogenic fungi., figureFileSmall=/a9R3mm6wsYlOZGWwD+rDQ==, figureFileBig=6f1cctoXakeWkWESsC0PGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592769901245204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=图8, caption=优良复合菌系对病原真菌的抑菌率, figureFileSmall=/a9R3mm6wsYlOZGWwD+rDQ==, figureFileBig=6f1cctoXakeWkWESsC0PGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592770064823066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor-joining method based on the sequences from 16S rRNA gene (A) and gyrB (B) locus of the strains. The accession numbers of the sequences in GenBank are shown following the species name, and the superscript “T” indicates the type strain. The branch numbers indicate the bootstrap support rate; The scale bar indicates a nucleotide substitution rate of 0.10., figureFileSmall=iuR5Hsv94ZRtTk+j8G2ZcA==, figureFileBig=vPBmwXJ5NX5XMGjZHbt5UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592770186457887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=图9, caption=基于16S rRNA基因(A)gyrB 基因(B)的系统发育树, figureFileSmall=iuR5Hsv94ZRtTk+j8G2ZcA==, figureFileBig=vPBmwXJ5NX5XMGjZHbt5UA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1226592770282926889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Inhibition zone diameter of the antagonistic bacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)
Fusarium avenaceumK8715.28±0.16aK10315.58±0.09tuvLB723.35±1.18jkl
K1115.11±0.40aK12014.93±0.13uvLB623.12±0.51kl
K9114.53±0.44abK11014.45±0.41vwLB3322.24±0.88lm
K3814.43±0.16abK11813.39±0.26wxLB3522.05±0.57lm
K3713.73±0.30bcLB313.01±0.25wxyLB2621.34±0.60mn
K7913.71±0.24bcLB412.67±0.38xyK9621.33±0.57mn
K1212.94±0.27cdLB1312.34±0.53xyK10521.17±0.36mno
K3414.42±0.31abLB511.61±0.42yzLB821.00±0.99mno
LB3512.00±0.44deK8611.43±0.23yzLB520.86±0.94mno
K10211.94±0.03deK12110.68±0.33zLB4419.97±0.24nop
LB3311.25±0.50efLB3631.61±0.43jLB1319.46±0.22op
LB1110.94±0.48efLB4018.39±0.36rLB418.70±0.88pq
K7110.53±0.38fFusarium oxysporumK3333.16±0.55aK10017.59±0.33qr
LB108.78±0.15gK10231.69±0.24abK9817.44±0.28qr
LB1612.01±0.49deK9130.47±1.14abcLB1616.67±0.11rs
Fusarium equisetiK9142.23±0.16aK2930.01±0.93abcdK8916.61±0.41rs
LB4441.59±1.24aN2227.45±0.56bcdeK11915.41±0.16s
K11538.72±0.08bK8727.35±0.76bcdefK5610.80±0.36t
K10538.69±0.33bK11727.22±5.95bcdefBipolaris sorokinianaLB1721.71±0.03a
K11338.32±0.53bcK1226.54±0.91cdefgK9120.55±0.02b
LB3537.47±1.21bcLB3326.42±0.71cdefgK3311.37±0.01e
LB1736.83±0.51cdLB6426.02±0.23cdefghLB339.28±0.03f
K8735.86±0.46deN2025.32±0.80defghK10213.74±0.06c
LB3335.53±0.36defK1625.18±0.49efghK3412.70±0.10d
K5635.21±0.07efgK7124.66±0.90efghMicrodochium bolleyiK10230.99±0.52a
LB234.71±0.36efghLB6724.56±0.57efghK8730.69±0.51a
LB1134.63±0.28efghK3424.32±2.45efghiLB1028.26±0.41b
LB2716.17±0.75tuK9323.60±0.49efghiK11927.50±0.63bc
K9626.09±0.32lmnLB723.57±0.68efghiLB3327.47±0.76bc
K10234.20±0.54fghLB623.29±1.80efghiLB1127.46±0.27bc
LB2633.98±0.51fghLB7522.13±0.56ghijMP227.09±0.27bcd
LB1633.73±0.55ghLB7321.34±0.54hijLB3026.10±0.87cde
LB1533.42±0.37hiK3721.33±0.73hijLB3525.91±0.65cde
K8532.07±0.33ijLB3419.77±0.56ijkLB3125.62±0.64de
K11731.69±0.32jK7918.46±0.95jkLB2725.49±0.22de
LB3231.48±0.14jLB2617.89±0.46jkLB724.62±0.90ef
LB2830.50±0.44jkLB2816.12±0.21kK11824.61±0.08ef
LB129.93±0.90kK2625.57±0.51defghK11724.50±0.30ef
LB1029.63±1.39kK1122.48±0.73fghijMP824.46±0.39ef
LB2027.51±0.16lFusarium solaniK8738.52±0.46aLB3223.72±0.64fg
LB727.50±0.68lLB1737.10±0.80abK10022.98±0.08fgh
LB1426.47±0.89lmK11636.34±0.44bLB1622.94±0.38fgh
K11925.88±0.15mnK11434.26±0.62cK8622.27±0.55ghi
LB3425.64±0.38mnK11334.22±0.39cLB4021.97±0.89hij
LB825.11±0.68mnLB2031.14±0.40dLB3421.95±0.58hij
K5124.71±0.15nLB1530.62±0.24dLB3721.65±0.36hijk
LB2522.75±0.35oK8530.20±0.59deK9121.39±0.69hijk
LB2122.10±0.77opLB1429.82±0.71defLB2421.14±0.89ijk
N6621.40±0.30opqK9128.89±0.62efgMP1420.39±0.02jkl
LB2421.31±0.53opqK10228.48±0.19fghLB919.97±0.52kl
LB3721.03±0.21pqK11528.03±0.24ghiLB1819.90±0.22kl
N4819.99±0.33qLB227.18±0.12hiMP1319.34±0.78l
LB3818.35±0.39rLB1126.55±0.03iMP1619.24±0.43l
LB1917.76±0.28rsLB2824.97±0.24jK8919.16±0.20l
K9816.67±0.37stLB2124.12±0.88jkMP1217.49±0.60m
LB615.97±0.14tuvLB1024.05±0.18jkMP1716.94±0.56m
), ArticleFig(id=1226592770412950318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

拮抗菌抑菌圈直径

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)Target pathogenStrain No.IZD (mm)
Fusarium avenaceumK8715.28±0.16aK10315.58±0.09tuvLB723.35±1.18jkl
K1115.11±0.40aK12014.93±0.13uvLB623.12±0.51kl
K9114.53±0.44abK11014.45±0.41vwLB3322.24±0.88lm
K3814.43±0.16abK11813.39±0.26wxLB3522.05±0.57lm
K3713.73±0.30bcLB313.01±0.25wxyLB2621.34±0.60mn
K7913.71±0.24bcLB412.67±0.38xyK9621.33±0.57mn
K1212.94±0.27cdLB1312.34±0.53xyK10521.17±0.36mno
K3414.42±0.31abLB511.61±0.42yzLB821.00±0.99mno
LB3512.00±0.44deK8611.43±0.23yzLB520.86±0.94mno
K10211.94±0.03deK12110.68±0.33zLB4419.97±0.24nop
LB3311.25±0.50efLB3631.61±0.43jLB1319.46±0.22op
LB1110.94±0.48efLB4018.39±0.36rLB418.70±0.88pq
K7110.53±0.38fFusarium oxysporumK3333.16±0.55aK10017.59±0.33qr
LB108.78±0.15gK10231.69±0.24abK9817.44±0.28qr
LB1612.01±0.49deK9130.47±1.14abcLB1616.67±0.11rs
Fusarium equisetiK9142.23±0.16aK2930.01±0.93abcdK8916.61±0.41rs
LB4441.59±1.24aN2227.45±0.56bcdeK11915.41±0.16s
K11538.72±0.08bK8727.35±0.76bcdefK5610.80±0.36t
K10538.69±0.33bK11727.22±5.95bcdefBipolaris sorokinianaLB1721.71±0.03a
K11338.32±0.53bcK1226.54±0.91cdefgK9120.55±0.02b
LB3537.47±1.21bcLB3326.42±0.71cdefgK3311.37±0.01e
LB1736.83±0.51cdLB6426.02±0.23cdefghLB339.28±0.03f
K8735.86±0.46deN2025.32±0.80defghK10213.74±0.06c
LB3335.53±0.36defK1625.18±0.49efghK3412.70±0.10d
K5635.21±0.07efgK7124.66±0.90efghMicrodochium bolleyiK10230.99±0.52a
LB234.71±0.36efghLB6724.56±0.57efghK8730.69±0.51a
LB1134.63±0.28efghK3424.32±2.45efghiLB1028.26±0.41b
LB2716.17±0.75tuK9323.60±0.49efghiK11927.50±0.63bc
K9626.09±0.32lmnLB723.57±0.68efghiLB3327.47±0.76bc
K10234.20±0.54fghLB623.29±1.80efghiLB1127.46±0.27bc
LB2633.98±0.51fghLB7522.13±0.56ghijMP227.09±0.27bcd
LB1633.73±0.55ghLB7321.34±0.54hijLB3026.10±0.87cde
LB1533.42±0.37hiK3721.33±0.73hijLB3525.91±0.65cde
K8532.07±0.33ijLB3419.77±0.56ijkLB3125.62±0.64de
K11731.69±0.32jK7918.46±0.95jkLB2725.49±0.22de
LB3231.48±0.14jLB2617.89±0.46jkLB724.62±0.90ef
LB2830.50±0.44jkLB2816.12±0.21kK11824.61±0.08ef
LB129.93±0.90kK2625.57±0.51defghK11724.50±0.30ef
LB1029.63±1.39kK1122.48±0.73fghijMP824.46±0.39ef
LB2027.51±0.16lFusarium solaniK8738.52±0.46aLB3223.72±0.64fg
LB727.50±0.68lLB1737.10±0.80abK10022.98±0.08fgh
LB1426.47±0.89lmK11636.34±0.44bLB1622.94±0.38fgh
K11925.88±0.15mnK11434.26±0.62cK8622.27±0.55ghi
LB3425.64±0.38mnK11334.22±0.39cLB4021.97±0.89hij
LB825.11±0.68mnLB2031.14±0.40dLB3421.95±0.58hij
K5124.71±0.15nLB1530.62±0.24dLB3721.65±0.36hijk
LB2522.75±0.35oK8530.20±0.59deK9121.39±0.69hijk
LB2122.10±0.77opLB1429.82±0.71defLB2421.14±0.89ijk
N6621.40±0.30opqK9128.89±0.62efgMP1420.39±0.02jkl
LB2421.31±0.53opqK10228.48±0.19fghLB919.97±0.52kl
LB3721.03±0.21pqK11528.03±0.24ghiLB1819.90±0.22kl
N4819.99±0.33qLB227.18±0.12hiMP1319.34±0.78l
LB3818.35±0.39rLB1126.55±0.03iMP1619.24±0.43l
LB1917.76±0.28rsLB2824.97±0.24jK8919.16±0.20l
K9816.67±0.37stLB2124.12±0.88jkMP1217.49±0.60m
LB615.97±0.14tuvLB1024.05±0.18jkMP1716.94±0.56m
), ArticleFig(id=1226592770580722488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Solubilization zone diameter of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)
CK0.00±0.00K3811.21±0.01K1158.88±0.01K1710.78±0.20MP88.83±0.03
K867.33±0.02K3710.97±0.04K1169.68±0.02K69.76±0.02MP1213.64±0.04
K8732.89±0.01K7912.59±0.01K9211.81±0.01K57.76±0.02MP1313.68±0.01
K898.65±0.05K127.01±0.01K938.77±0.03MP110.84±0.03MP149.60±0.01
K9110.27±0.03K718.58±0.02K9411.54±0.02MP711.19±0.05MP166.75±0.07
K1008.25±0.03MP4135.67±0.02K957.41±0.02MP1011.23±0.07MP177.82±0.04
K10217.67±0.20MP637.79±0.02K7211.21±0.01MP1110.19±0.05K1108.50±0.03
K1179.93±3.34MP916.49±0.02K739.98±0.01MP2910.23±0.07K1126.90±0.01
K1188.37±0.04MP59.69±0.01K7412.98±0.01MP289.23±0.07K1138.70±0.67
K11914.29±0.01MP38.71±0.01K759.45±0.01MP267.81±0.07K11411.28±0.01
LB79.59±0.03K537.76±0.05MP317.45±0.01MP258.73±0.07K3410.90±0.01
LB915.56±0.06K5210.48±0.03MP3212.66±0.01LB2113.23±0.07LB1716.69±0.01
LB109.48±0.13K618.38±0.01MP339.24±0.01LB228.99±0.06K1611.22±0.40
LB117.90±0.04K6213.26±0.02K638.40±0.01LB2310.29±0.05K4513.74±0.01
LB1611.68±0.01K678.47±0.02K357.30±0.02LB258.29±0.05K5713.21±0.01
LB188.85±0.04K8527.49±0.01K218.50±0.01LB289.17±0.03K117.85±0.03
LB2412.77±0.03K909.53±0.10K229.70±0.01LB389.84±0.02K4211.05±0.01
LB276.24±0.04K1088.58±0.29K2310.26±0.03LB310.25±0.02K588.10±0.01
LB3012.39±0.01K1077.89±0.01K248.64±0.01LB27.25±0.02K6510.77±0.01
LB3116.68±0.21LB3611.68±0.01K257.90±0.01LB2913.28±0.02K4310.98±0.01
LB328.32±0.04LB813.36±0.02K267.75±0.21K407.43±0.02K4411.43±0.01
LB3311.62±0.04LB67.38±0.09K277.48±0.42K418.56±0.02K3316.31±0.02
LB345.16±0.92LB58.93±0.01K2810.79±0.42MP367.31±0.01MP216.34±0.04
LB357.60±0.01LB18.72±0.03K3110.94±0.42MP399.23±0.01K1049.85±0.03
LB377.41±0.02K10311.08±0.03K1313.26±0.42MP407.23±0.01K1511.62±0.39
LB4010.29±0.01K10510.86±0.02K148.69±0.39K11110.91±0.01MP3412.24±0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1226592770698163002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

溶磷菌溶磷圈直径

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)No.PSZD (mm)
CK0.00±0.00K3811.21±0.01K1158.88±0.01K1710.78±0.20MP88.83±0.03
K867.33±0.02K3710.97±0.04K1169.68±0.02K69.76±0.02MP1213.64±0.04
K8732.89±0.01K7912.59±0.01K9211.81±0.01K57.76±0.02MP1313.68±0.01
K898.65±0.05K127.01±0.01K938.77±0.03MP110.84±0.03MP149.60±0.01
K9110.27±0.03K718.58±0.02K9411.54±0.02MP711.19±0.05MP166.75±0.07
K1008.25±0.03MP4135.67±0.02K957.41±0.02MP1011.23±0.07MP177.82±0.04
K10217.67±0.20MP637.79±0.02K7211.21±0.01MP1110.19±0.05K1108.50±0.03
K1179.93±3.34MP916.49±0.02K739.98±0.01MP2910.23±0.07K1126.90±0.01
K1188.37±0.04MP59.69±0.01K7412.98±0.01MP289.23±0.07K1138.70±0.67
K11914.29±0.01MP38.71±0.01K759.45±0.01MP267.81±0.07K11411.28±0.01
LB79.59±0.03K537.76±0.05MP317.45±0.01MP258.73±0.07K3410.90±0.01
LB915.56±0.06K5210.48±0.03MP3212.66±0.01LB2113.23±0.07LB1716.69±0.01
LB109.48±0.13K618.38±0.01MP339.24±0.01LB228.99±0.06K1611.22±0.40
LB117.90±0.04K6213.26±0.02K638.40±0.01LB2310.29±0.05K4513.74±0.01
LB1611.68±0.01K678.47±0.02K357.30±0.02LB258.29±0.05K5713.21±0.01
LB188.85±0.04K8527.49±0.01K218.50±0.01LB289.17±0.03K117.85±0.03
LB2412.77±0.03K909.53±0.10K229.70±0.01LB389.84±0.02K4211.05±0.01
LB276.24±0.04K1088.58±0.29K2310.26±0.03LB310.25±0.02K588.10±0.01
LB3012.39±0.01K1077.89±0.01K248.64±0.01LB27.25±0.02K6510.77±0.01
LB3116.68±0.21LB3611.68±0.01K257.90±0.01LB2913.28±0.02K4310.98±0.01
LB328.32±0.04LB813.36±0.02K267.75±0.21K407.43±0.02K4411.43±0.01
LB3311.62±0.04LB67.38±0.09K277.48±0.42K418.56±0.02K3316.31±0.02
LB345.16±0.92LB58.93±0.01K2810.79±0.42MP367.31±0.01MP216.34±0.04
LB357.60±0.01LB18.72±0.03K3110.94±0.42MP399.23±0.01K1049.85±0.03
LB377.41±0.02K10311.08±0.03K1313.26±0.42MP407.23±0.01K1511.62±0.39
LB4010.29±0.01K10510.86±0.02K148.69±0.39K11110.91±0.01MP3412.24±0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1226592770794631998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Antifungal rate of the antagonistic bacteria

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Target pathogenStrain No.Antifungal rate (%)Target pathogenStrain No.Antifungal rate (%)
Fusarium avenaceumK5687.54±0.01aFusarium oxysporumK7172.02±0.02j
K8787.53±0.02aK1165.70±0.02k
K3766.52±0.06bLB1661.31±0.01lmn
LB1666.05±0.03bcK3461.21±0.01lmn
LB3556.87±0.02deK2165.70±0.02k
K1155.46±0.01defFusarium solaniLB1787.52±0.01a
K9154.86±0.03efgK1183.09±0.01b
K3453.89±0.04efghK8779.69±0.01c
K3852.14±0.02fghiK3869.04±0.04d
LB3349.80±0.05hijK2179.74±0.01c
K7944.79±0.02kK10279.74±0.02c
Fusarium equisetiK10292.88±0.02aBipolaris sorokinianaLB1787.23±0.03a
LB6482.01±0.03bK9182.47±0.02b
K9181.23±0.01bcK3457.61±0.01de
K3479.92±0.04cdK3353.36±0.03f
K2179.43±0.02cdK10266.81±0.02c
K5678.06±0.05deLB3358.09±0.01d
K8774.90±0.01fghMicrodochium bolleyiLB3392.55±0.01a
K11774.92±0.02fghK3389.69±0.02c
LB3373.75±0.02hK3789.17±0.02c
LB1761.89±0.01iK3489.04±0.01c
Fusarium oxysporumLB3380.18±0.03abK2088.58±0.03cd
K3378.99±0.04bcK8788.43±0.04cd
K3778.14±0.02bcdK5665.63±0.01e
K3875.40±0.01efLB1757.37±0.01f
K8775.15±0.01efgK9154.54±0.01g
K10275.05±0.02efghK7145.16±0.03h
LB3474.39±0.01fghiLB6491.50±0.04ab
), ArticleFig(id=1226592770920461127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

拮抗菌的抑菌率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Target pathogenStrain No.Antifungal rate (%)Target pathogenStrain No.Antifungal rate (%)
Fusarium avenaceumK5687.54±0.01aFusarium oxysporumK7172.02±0.02j
K8787.53±0.02aK1165.70±0.02k
K3766.52±0.06bLB1661.31±0.01lmn
LB1666.05±0.03bcK3461.21±0.01lmn
LB3556.87±0.02deK2165.70±0.02k
K1155.46±0.01defFusarium solaniLB1787.52±0.01a
K9154.86±0.03efgK1183.09±0.01b
K3453.89±0.04efghK8779.69±0.01c
K3852.14±0.02fghiK3869.04±0.04d
LB3349.80±0.05hijK2179.74±0.01c
K7944.79±0.02kK10279.74±0.02c
Fusarium equisetiK10292.88±0.02aBipolaris sorokinianaLB1787.23±0.03a
LB6482.01±0.03bK9182.47±0.02b
K9181.23±0.01bcK3457.61±0.01de
K3479.92±0.04cdK3353.36±0.03f
K2179.43±0.02cdK10266.81±0.02c
K5678.06±0.05deLB3358.09±0.01d
K8774.90±0.01fghMicrodochium bolleyiLB3392.55±0.01a
K11774.92±0.02fghK3389.69±0.02c
LB3373.75±0.02hK3789.17±0.02c
LB1761.89±0.01iK3489.04±0.01c
Fusarium oxysporumLB3380.18±0.03abK2088.58±0.03cd
K3378.99±0.04bcK8788.43±0.04cd
K3778.14±0.02bcdK5665.63±0.01e
K3875.40±0.01efLB1757.37±0.01f
K8775.15±0.01efgK9154.54±0.01g
K10275.05±0.02efghK7145.16±0.03h
LB3474.39±0.01fghiLB6491.50±0.04ab
), ArticleFig(id=1226592771084038993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Plant growth-promoting potential of the superior strains

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain No.

Nitrogen-fixing

quantity (g/L)

Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (μg/mL)

Dissolved organic phosphorus

(μg/mL)

Potassium-releasing quantity (mg/L)

Producing

IAA (mg/L)

Producing

siderophore (su)

CK0.000 0±0.000 10.00±0.010.00±0.010.00±0.010.000±0.0010.000 0±0.000 1
LB170.051 2±0.000 2d1 102.95±0.02b586.45±0.03e43.17±0.02b5.687±0.001g0.320 0±0.043 0a
K1130.080 3±0.000 4a909.84±0.04d744.68±0.07d33.70±0.02g6.781±0.005c0.310 2±0.000 3a
K870.059 6±0.001 6c367.63±0.13h432.79±0.10g25.75±0.02h9.873±0.003a0.263 7±0.000 3b
K850.060 2±0.002 0b949.69±0.09c1 321.23±0.09a35.52±0.03ef5.790±0.006f0.258 0±0.001 2b
MP60.060 6±0.002 0b1 470.69±0.20a1 141.86±0.04c40.90±0.02c6.672±0.023d0.170 6±0.000 3c
K330.042 8±0.000 3e569.64±0.01f436.47±0.03f36.23±0.03d5.950±0.001e0.170 2±0.000 3c
K560.043 6±0.000 3f458.87±0.02g336.92±0.04h35.86±0.03de6.649±0.012d0.133 4±0.000 7d
MP410.053 7±0.000 4cd742.27±0.02e1 272.80±0.04b140.33±0.03a6.852±0.008b0.132 9±0.000 6d
), ArticleFig(id=1226592771193090904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

优良菌株的促生特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Strain No.

Nitrogen-fixing

quantity (g/L)

Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (μg/mL)

Dissolved organic phosphorus

(μg/mL)

Potassium-releasing quantity (mg/L)

Producing

IAA (mg/L)

Producing

siderophore (su)

CK0.000 0±0.000 10.00±0.010.00±0.010.00±0.010.000±0.0010.000 0±0.000 1
LB170.051 2±0.000 2d1 102.95±0.02b586.45±0.03e43.17±0.02b5.687±0.001g0.320 0±0.043 0a
K1130.080 3±0.000 4a909.84±0.04d744.68±0.07d33.70±0.02g6.781±0.005c0.310 2±0.000 3a
K870.059 6±0.001 6c367.63±0.13h432.79±0.10g25.75±0.02h9.873±0.003a0.263 7±0.000 3b
K850.060 2±0.002 0b949.69±0.09c1 321.23±0.09a35.52±0.03ef5.790±0.006f0.258 0±0.001 2b
MP60.060 6±0.002 0b1 470.69±0.20a1 141.86±0.04c40.90±0.02c6.672±0.023d0.170 6±0.000 3c
K330.042 8±0.000 3e569.64±0.01f436.47±0.03f36.23±0.03d5.950±0.001e0.170 2±0.000 3c
K560.043 6±0.000 3f458.87±0.02g336.92±0.04h35.86±0.03de6.649±0.012d0.133 4±0.000 7d
MP410.053 7±0.000 4cd742.27±0.02e1 272.80±0.04b140.33±0.03a6.852±0.008b0.132 9±0.000 6d
), ArticleFig(id=1226592771302142812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Plant growth-promoting potential of the superior bacterial consortia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Bacterial consortium

Nitrogen-fixing quantity

(g/L)

Potassium-releasing quantity (mg/L)Dissolved organic phosphorus (μg/mL)Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (μg/mL)

Producing

IAA (mg/L)

Producing

siderophore (su)

Comprehensive analysis

T1

(K87+LB17)

0.107 1±0.000 2e84.00±0.10b300.56±2.03g351.86±2.30d9.94±0.02m0.276 0±0.001 2f0.302

T2

(K87+LB17+MP6)

0.212 0±0.000 0a86.28±0.10a346.50±0.77e413.11±2.03c16.91±0.05h0.328 4±0.000 3e0.611

T3

(K87+LB17+MP6+K85)

0.018 9±0.000 1k71.78±0.10f437.60±2.03b419.23±1.53b18.56±0.03e0.181 6±0.001 3j0.376

T4

(K56+LB17)

0.012 1±0.000 1l43.01±0.01h255.40±0.01i299.80±0.77f51.63±0.09a0.210 9±0.000 3i0.464

T5

(K56+LB17+K113)

0.104 7±0.000 2f39.72±0.03l322.77±2.03f328.13±3.05e19.39±0.03d0.368 6±0.000 3c0.434

T6

(K56+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.011 1±0.000 0l43.97±0.01g263.25±3.63i273.00±0.77g20.28±0.01c0.176 6±0.001 5k0.249

T7

(K33+LB17)

0.045 3±0.000 1i41.30±0.01k386.31±1.33d409.43±0.15c15.59±0.00j0.260 0±0.000 9g0.320

T8

(K33+LB17+MP6)

0.018 0±0.000 0k42.12±0.03j403.91±0.77c413.25±2.66c15.00±0.04kl0.339 2±0.000 9d0.335

T9

(K33+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.149 2±0.000 0b80.40±0.01e259.22±1.53i275.50±2.63g18.28±0.02f0.112 7±0.000 0m0.471

T10

(MP6+K85+MP41+K113)

0.037 2±0.000 3j42.19±0.03j281.43±1.53h298.27±2.03f23.54±0.02b0.226 9±0.000 6h0.306

T12

(K113+MP41)

0.073 0±0.002 5h30.37±0.03m212.98±8.68k233.19±1.53i14.98±0.02l0.164 1±0.000 9l0.234

T13

(LB17+K113+MP41)

0.141 0±0.000 0c81.26±0.01c482.00±0.77a425.35±0.01a15.10±0.05k0.470 2±0.000 9a0.579

T14

(K87+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.077 6±0.000 0g80.78±0.10d257.69±0.01i348.02±0.01d15.88±0.03i0.413 6±0.001 2b0.464

T15

(K87+LB17+MP6+MP41)

0.135 2±0.000 1d42.82±0.01i233.19±2.03j247.74±1.53h18.11±0.04g0.112 2±0.000 3m0.376
), ArticleFig(id=1226592771419583330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

优良复合菌系的促生特性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Bacterial consortium

Nitrogen-fixing quantity

(g/L)

Potassium-releasing quantity (mg/L)Dissolved organic phosphorus (μg/mL)Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (μg/mL)

Producing

IAA (mg/L)

Producing

siderophore (su)

Comprehensive analysis

T1

(K87+LB17)

0.107 1±0.000 2e84.00±0.10b300.56±2.03g351.86±2.30d9.94±0.02m0.276 0±0.001 2f0.302

T2

(K87+LB17+MP6)

0.212 0±0.000 0a86.28±0.10a346.50±0.77e413.11±2.03c16.91±0.05h0.328 4±0.000 3e0.611

T3

(K87+LB17+MP6+K85)

0.018 9±0.000 1k71.78±0.10f437.60±2.03b419.23±1.53b18.56±0.03e0.181 6±0.001 3j0.376

T4

(K56+LB17)

0.012 1±0.000 1l43.01±0.01h255.40±0.01i299.80±0.77f51.63±0.09a0.210 9±0.000 3i0.464

T5

(K56+LB17+K113)

0.104 7±0.000 2f39.72±0.03l322.77±2.03f328.13±3.05e19.39±0.03d0.368 6±0.000 3c0.434

T6

(K56+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.011 1±0.000 0l43.97±0.01g263.25±3.63i273.00±0.77g20.28±0.01c0.176 6±0.001 5k0.249

T7

(K33+LB17)

0.045 3±0.000 1i41.30±0.01k386.31±1.33d409.43±0.15c15.59±0.00j0.260 0±0.000 9g0.320

T8

(K33+LB17+MP6)

0.018 0±0.000 0k42.12±0.03j403.91±0.77c413.25±2.66c15.00±0.04kl0.339 2±0.000 9d0.335

T9

(K33+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.149 2±0.000 0b80.40±0.01e259.22±1.53i275.50±2.63g18.28±0.02f0.112 7±0.000 0m0.471

T10

(MP6+K85+MP41+K113)

0.037 2±0.000 3j42.19±0.03j281.43±1.53h298.27±2.03f23.54±0.02b0.226 9±0.000 6h0.306

T12

(K113+MP41)

0.073 0±0.002 5h30.37±0.03m212.98±8.68k233.19±1.53i14.98±0.02l0.164 1±0.000 9l0.234

T13

(LB17+K113+MP41)

0.141 0±0.000 0c81.26±0.01c482.00±0.77a425.35±0.01a15.10±0.05k0.470 2±0.000 9a0.579

T14

(K87+LB17+MP6+K113)

0.077 6±0.000 0g80.78±0.10d257.69±0.01i348.02±0.01d15.88±0.03i0.413 6±0.001 2b0.464

T15

(K87+LB17+MP6+MP41)

0.135 2±0.000 1d42.82±0.01i233.19±2.03j247.74±1.53h18.11±0.04g0.112 2±0.000 3m0.376
), ArticleFig(id=1226592772786926442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Root rot control efficacy and plant growth promoting effect on naked barley of the optimal bacterial consortium T2

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentDisease indexControl effect (%)Plant height (cm)Stem diameter (mm)
CK185.00±3.90a-19.75±2.89b0.058±0.010b
M123.50±4.74b72.3530.11±1.24a0.114±0.012a
CK286.50±3.16a-19.89±3.37b0.042±0.013b
M225.25±5.19b70.8130.22±1.27a0.123±0.010a
CK386.25±2.12a-26.63±1.65b0.051±0.015b
M321.50±5.67b75.0730.71±1.19a0.114±0.011a
), ArticleFig(id=1226592772879201132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1192105938417971205, articleId=1226236832791314679, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

最优复合菌系T2对青稞根腐病的防效及促生作用

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
TreatmentDisease indexControl effect (%)Plant height (cm)Stem diameter (mm)
CK185.00±3.90a-19.75±2.89b0.058±0.010b
M123.50±4.74b72.3530.11±1.24a0.114±0.012a
CK286.50±3.16a-19.89±3.37b0.042±0.013b
M225.25±5.19b70.8130.22±1.27a0.123±0.010a
CK386.25±2.12a-26.63±1.65b0.051±0.015b
M321.50±5.67b75.0730.71±1.19a0.114±0.011a
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甘青特殊生境作物根腐类病害防病促生复合菌系构建
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李雪萍 1 , 马佳璇 2 , 许世洋 3 , 孟欢 2 , 李建军 1 , 漆永红 1
微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025,65(5): 1976-1994
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微生物学报 | 研究报告 2025, 65(5): 1976-1994
甘青特殊生境作物根腐类病害防病促生复合菌系构建
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李雪萍1, 马佳璇2, 许世洋3, 孟欢2, 李建军1, 漆永红1
作者信息
  • 1.甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所 甘肃 兰州
  • 2.甘肃农业大学 植物保护学院 甘肃 兰州
  • 3.兰州大学 草地农业科技学院 甘肃 兰州
Construction of bacterial consortia for preventing root rot and promoting growth of crops cultivated in unique agro-ecosystems of Gansu and Qinghai Provinces
Xueping LI1, Jiaxuan MA2, Shiyang XU3, Huan MENG2, Jianjun LI1, Yonghong QI1
Affiliations
  • 1.Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
  • 2.College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
  • 3.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
出版时间: 2025-05-04 doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240671
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【目的】为甘肃省和青海省特殊生境作物根腐类病害提供绿色安全有效的防治措施。【方法】通过平板对峙法及孟金娜平板法对305株供试细菌进行初筛,对初筛得到的菌株利用发酵液法复筛,然后采用凯氏定氮法、紫外分光光度计法、火焰分光光度计法分别测定复筛后优良菌株的固氮、溶磷、解钾、分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)、分泌铁载体、耐酸、耐碱及耐盐特性。最后针对甘肃省和青海省不同作物根腐类病害病原,将不同功能优良菌株进行复配构建防病促生复合菌系,测定其促生特性及抑菌能力,筛选得到最优复合菌系,分析其所涉及菌株的16S rRNA基因及gyrB基因序列,确定各菌株的分类地位,并通过盆栽法测定其防病促生作用。【结果】共筛选得到拮抗菌86株、溶磷菌134株。复筛得到拮抗菌20株,其中K87、LB17等菌株抑菌效果良好且抑菌谱广。K87对燕麦镰孢、木贼镰孢、尖镰孢、茄镰孢、微座孢的抑菌率分别为87.53%、74.90%、75.15%、79.69%、88.43%;LB17对尖镰孢、茄镰孢、麦根腐平脐蠕孢的抑菌率分别为61.89%、87.52%、87.23%。对8株优良菌促生能力的测定发现:LB17分泌铁载体能力最强,铁载体活性单位(su)值为0.32;K113固氮性能较好,固氮量为0.08 g/L;K87分泌IAA量最高,达9.87 mg/L;MP6溶无机磷量最大,为1 470.69 μg/mL;K85溶有机磷效果最好,溶磷量为1 321.23 μg/mL;MP41解钾性能最好,解钾量为140.33 mg/L。最终构建形成优良复合菌系14组,其中复合菌系T2综合性能最优,固氮量为0.212 g/L,解钾量为86.28 mg/L,分泌IAA量为16.91 mg/L,对6种病原真菌的抑菌率均大于60.00%,对木贼镰孢的抑菌率为87.69%。所涉及菌株LB17、K87、MP6均被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),对青稞根腐类病害的防效均在70.00%以上,且促生效果明显。【结论】本研究构建形成了一种甘青特殊生境作物根腐类病害高效防病促生复合菌系。

根腐病  /  生防菌  /  促生菌  /  复合菌系  /  青稞  /  兰州百合

[Objective] To provide environmental sustainable, safe, and efficacious management approaches for root rot impacting a range of crops in the unique agro-ecosystems of Gansu and Qinghai Provinces. [Methods] The plate confrontation method and the organophosphorus agar plate were used for preliminary screening of 305 strains of tested bacteria, and the strains obtained from preliminary screening were re-screened with the fermentation broth method. Subsequently, the nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, and potassium-solubilizing abilities of the strains were determined by the Kjeldahl method, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and flame photometry, respectively. The siderophore-producing activity, the IAA content in the fermentation broth, as well as the acid, alkali, and salt tolerance of the strains, were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Finally, targeting the pathogens causing root rot in various crops in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces, bacterial consortia were constructed with different functional strains for disease prevention and plant growth promotion. The plant growth-promoting and antifungal effects of different consortia were evaluated, and the best consortium was selected. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA gene and gyrB of the strains in the best consortia were sequenced for identification. The root rot-preventing and plant growth-promoting effects of the best consortium were evaluated by the pot culture method. [Results] A total of 86 antagonistic strains and 134 phosphate-solubilizing strains were preliminarily screened out, and 20 antagonistic strains were selected after re-screening, among which strains K87 and LB17 demonstrated excellent broad-spectrum antifungal effects. Specifically, K87 showed inhibition rates of 87.53%, 74.90%, 75.15%, 79.69%, and 88.43% against Fusarium avenaceum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. solani, and Microdochium bolleyi, respectively. LB17 exhibited inhibition rates of 61.89%, 87.52%, and 87.23% against F. oxysporum, F. solani, and Bipolaris sorokiniana, respectively. Among the 8 strains with superior plant growth-promoting abilities, LB17 had the strongest siderophore-producing activity, with an iron carrier activity unit (su) value of 0.32, and K113 exhibited a good nitrogen-fixing capability, fixing nitrogen at a rate of 0.08 g/L. K87 secreted the highest amount of IAA, which reached 9.87 mg/L. MP6 had the greatest ability to solubilize inorganic phosphorus, with a solubilization rate of 1 470.69 μg/mL, while K85 showed the best performance in solubilizing organic phosphorus, with a solubilization rate of 1 321.23 μg/mL. MP41 excelled in potassium solubilization, with a solubilization rate of 140.33 mg/L. Ultimately, 14 bacterial consortia were constructed, in which T2 exhibited the best synthetic performance, with a nitrogen-fixing rate of 0.212 g/L, a potassium solubilization rate of 86.28 mg/L, and an IAA secretion rate of 16.91 mg/L. Moreover, its inhibition rates against the 6 pathogenic fungi all reached over 60.00%, and even 87.69% against F. equiseti. Strains LB17, K87, and MP6 in this consortium were all identified as Bacillus velezensis. T2 demonstrated significant biocontrol efficacy against root rot in naked barley, with the control effects exceeding 70.00%, and exhibited remarkable plant growth-promoting properties. [Conclusion] This study developed an efficient bacterial consortium for the management of crop root rot and the promotion of crop growth in the unique agro-ecosystems in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces.

root rot  /  biocontrol bacteria  /  plant growth-promoting bacteria  /  bacterial consortia  /  naked barley  /  Lanzhou lily
李雪萍, 马佳璇, 许世洋, 孟欢, 李建军, 漆永红. 甘青特殊生境作物根腐类病害防病促生复合菌系构建. 微生物学报, 2025 , 65 (5) : 1976 -1994 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240671
Xueping LI, Jiaxuan MA, Shiyang XU, Huan MENG, Jianjun LI, Yonghong QI. Construction of bacterial consortia for preventing root rot and promoting growth of crops cultivated in unique agro-ecosystems of Gansu and Qinghai Provinces[J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2025 , 65 (5) : 1976 -1994 . DOI: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240671
甘青(甘肃省、青海省)地区海拔高,光照充足,年均温度低,温差大,适合青稞、百合以及各种高原夏菜的种植及生长[1]。其中,青稞喜凉耐寒,在甘肃省甘南藏族自治州、青海省西宁市周边、海北州、海南州、海西州、黄南州、玉树州和果洛州均有分布[2-3]。其营养价值丰富,具有提高人体免疫力预防心脑血管疾病等功效,是当地藏区人民的主要粮饲作物[4]。兰州百合喜冷凉湿润,主要分布在兰州市及周边地区,其口感甜美酥脆,具有降低视觉疲劳、抗氧化、调节人体免疫系统、稳定血糖等功效,是著名的保健食品[5-8]。辣椒、番茄是甘肃省高原夏菜的主要品类,对菜农增收的贡献率超过60%,是当地农村的支柱产业[9-10]。然而,由于甘青地区多山脉,农业区面积占比小,甘肃省和青海省的耕种面积的分别占全省面积12.62%[11]和2.84%[12],连作现象严重,根腐类等土传病害易发。
根腐类病害在青稞上发生普遍。研究发现,镰孢根腐病[13-14]、普通根腐病[15]、微座孢根腐病[16]、粉红粘帚霉根腐病[17]是甘青地区青稞根腐病的4种常见类型。镰孢根腐病分布最广泛且病原种类多样,平均发病率约20%,其优势病原为燕麦镰孢(Fusarium avenaceum)和木贼镰孢(Fusarium equiseti)[13-14]。普通根腐病的平均发生率为5%-15%,优势病原为麦根腐平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana)[15]。微座孢根腐病和粉红粘帚霉根腐病的病原分别为微座孢(Microdochium bolleyi)和粉红粘帚霉(Clonostachys rosea),仅在青海地区零星发病,但危害严重,致死率可达100%[16-17]。百合根腐类病害危害严重且隐蔽,包括枯萎病和根腐病2种常见病害类型。枯萎病分布广泛,发病率较高,部分地区发病率达到70%以上[18],尖镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)常为优势病原类群,致病性较强[19]。百合根腐病的发生率多在25%左右,其中茄镰孢百合专化型为百合根腐病的优势病原[20]。辣椒、番茄等蔬菜的根腐病发生率普遍在20%-30%之间,辣椒感染根腐病后,严重时产量减少60%以上;番茄感染根腐病后普遍减产60%-90%,甚至造成绝产[21],其优势病原均为尖镰孢和茄镰孢。
利用微生物菌剂防治根腐类病害是当前主要的生物防治手段,根据复合方式不同可分为微生物菌剂和复合微生物菌剂[22]。微生物菌剂可直接或间接改善土壤营养状况,防治土传性病害,提高根系对养分的吸收利用,从而提高作物品质和产量[23-24]。吕亮雨等[25]发现,施用微生物菌剂后土壤有机质含量提高,作物吸收利用碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等元素的能力大幅提高。Tu等[26]研究发现,解淀粉芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌对百合枯萎病的防治效果良好,分别可达58.74%和68.93%。复合微生物菌剂由几种特定功能的有益微生物组成,在维持根际土壤生态环境平衡的同时,提高了微生物多样性和群落稳定性,进一步提高了病害抑制率[27-30]。丁钱华[31]研究发现,枯草芽孢杆菌、胶冻样芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌单菌株分别对小麦根腐病的防效为23.7%、39.7%、9.6%,制成复合菌剂后防效可达68.9%,远高于单一菌剂。卯婷婷等[32]研究发现,复合菌剂(枯草芽孢杆菌+粉红粘帚霉)对辣椒枯萎病的防效可达60.5%。王子凡等[33]研究发现,施用复合微生物菌剂可显著提高土壤中的微生物数量,土壤细菌群落增加136.32%。然而,微生物菌剂多为活菌产品,具有地域性,引进菌剂难以适应且稳定性差,针对甘青特殊区域特色作物的本土复合微生物菌剂研究较少。鉴于此,本研究针对甘青特殊生境作物青稞、兰州百合、辣椒及番茄等筛选防病促生菌株,研究优良菌株的固氮、溶磷、解钾、分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)及铁载体等促生特性,以及耐酸、耐碱和耐盐能力,选取最优菌株明确其互作效应,针对不同作物不同病原构建复合菌系,并测定其防病促生功能,综合评价得到最优复合菌系,为甘青地区特殊生境作物根腐类病害的防控提供有效的菌剂配方及菌种资源。
燕麦镰孢(Fusarium avenaceum)、木贼镰孢(Fusarium equiseti)、尖镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)、茄镰孢(Fusarium solani)、麦根腐平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana)、微座孢(Microdochium bolleyi),均来源于甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所经济作物病害研究室。
305株供试菌株,均为甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所经济作物病害研究室自主分离保藏,分离自青稞、百合、番茄、辣椒根际及根际土壤。
LB培养基、PDA培养基(potato dextrose agar)、PKO无机磷培养基(Pikovaskaia’s)、蒙金娜有机磷培养基、NFM无氮培养基(nitrogen free medium)和钾长石培养基参考文献[34]配制;King’s B培养基参考文献[35]配制。上述培养基中不加入琼脂即为其培养液。
分别将供试病原真菌及防病促生菌活化后,采用平板对峙法[36]对拮抗菌进行初筛。将已活化的病原真菌菌饼(d=0.6 cm)接种于PDA培养基中央,同时在四周等距离处接种已活化的细菌,置于25 ℃恒温培养箱中培养7 d后,测定抑菌圈直径。同时将已活化的细菌接种于蒙金娜有机磷平板,5 d后观察是否产生溶磷圈,并测定溶磷圈直径[36]
参考李雪萍等[36]方法,将筛选得到的同时具有拮抗和溶磷能力的菌株接入LB培养液中,30 ℃、180 r/min摇床培养48 h后,将菌液装入10 mL离心管中,4 ℃、12 000 r/min离心10 min,用无菌针管(10 mL)吸取上清液1 mL,经0.22 µm微孔滤膜过滤后,滤液涂布于PDA平板上,制成带毒平板,并以未涂布无菌发酵液的PDA平板作为对照,分别接入供试病原真菌(菌饼直径0.6 cm),每处理3重复,于25 ℃下恒温培养7 d后,测量病原菌菌落直径,计算生长抑制率[36],如公式(1)所示。
生长抑制率=(对照平板病原菌菌落直径-带毒平板病原菌菌落直径)/(对照平板菌落直径-接入菌饼直径)×100%
选取1.3中抑菌率最为优良的菌株,活化后接入LB培养液中,30 ℃、180 r/min摇床培养48 h后,按照许世洋等[34]的方法,采用钼锑抗比色法测定磷含量、凯氏定氮法测定氮含量、火焰分光光度法测定可溶性钾含量;参考韦鑫等[37]的方法,采用分光光度计法测定铁载体活性,如公式(2)所示;培养5 d后,参考程鑫宇等[35]方法,采用紫外分光光度计法测定发酵液中IAA的含量。
铁载体活性单位(su)=[(Ar-As)/Ar]
式中:Ar为不接菌培养液吸光值,As为接菌培养后处理组吸光值。
参考王艳霞等[38]的方法,对筛选得到的菌株进行活化,取1 mL活化后OD660值≥0.5的菌液,分别接入pH为3.0、4.0、5.0、6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0、10.0、11.0、12.0的培养液中,以及盐(NaCl)浓度为1%、5%、10%、15%、20%的LB培养液中,30 ℃、180 r/min摇床培养48 h,采用分光光度法测定各菌液OD660值。
采用两两十字划线法[34]测定优良菌株之间是否存在拮抗作用。针对不同病原选取互相无拮抗作用且功能不同的菌株进行组合形成不同的复合菌系配方。根据各配方取1 mL活化后OD660值≥0.5的菌液,按照体积比1:1接入三角瓶中(装液量100 mL/250 mL),30 ℃、180 r/min摇床培养48 h,形成复合菌系,每菌系3重复。按照1.4的方法测定各复合菌系的溶磷量、固氮量、解钾量、分泌IAA及分泌铁载体能力,进行综合分析得到优良复合菌系。最后按照菌株复筛的方法测定优良复合菌系的抑菌能力,确定抑菌能力最强的菌系为最优复合菌系。
采用DNA提取试剂盒(Bacterial DNA Kit,Omega Bio-tek公司),按照其说明书提取筛选得到的最优复合菌系所涉及菌株的DNA,16S rRNA基因通用引物(27F:5′-AGAGTTTGATC CTGGCTCAG-3′;1492R:5′-TACGGCTACCT TGTTACGACTT-3′)、gyrB引物(F:5′-GAAGT CATCATGACCGTTCTGCAYGCNGGNGGNAARTTYGA-3′;R:5′-AGCAGGGTACGGATGTG CGAGCCRTCNACRTCNGCRTCNGTCAT-3′)进行PCR扩增[39]。PCR反应体系(25 μL):正、反向引物(10 μmol/L)各1 μL,DNA模板1 μL,2×PCR Mix 12.5 μL,ddH2O 9.5 μL。PCR反应程序:94 ℃预变性3 min;94 ℃变性30 s,55 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸30 s,共35个循环;72 ℃终延伸10 min。经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测合格后,委托生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序。将测序结果在NCBI中进行BLAST同源性比对,选取相似序列及外源基因序列,利用MEGA 11.0软件中的邻接法构建系统发育树,并以Bootstrap 1 000重复检验其可信度。
以青稞镰孢根腐病、微座孢根腐病及普通根腐病为靶标,采用盆栽法对最优复合菌系T2的防病促生作用进行测定,参考李雪萍等[13]的方法对青稞进行催芽处理及移栽,生长10 d后,挑选长势相近的青稞幼苗并标记。设置6个处理:对照组CK1 (燕麦镰孢+木贼镰孢灌根)、CK2 (微座孢灌根)、CK3 (麦根腐平脐蠕孢灌根)及处理组M1 (T2复合菌系+燕麦镰孢+木贼镰孢灌根)、M2 (T2复合菌系+微座孢灌根)、M3 (T2复合菌系+麦根腐平脐蠕孢灌根),每处理3重复,每重复10株,各处理接入病原菌孢子悬浮液30 mL (孢子浓度为2×106 CFU/mL)。4 d后,CK1、CK2、CK3用LB培养液灌根(30 mL/株),M1、M2、M3用4×108 CFU/mL的复合菌系T2发酵液灌根(30 mL/株)。10 d后统计病情指数、株高、茎粗等指标。参考文献[13,15-16]的分级标准,计算病情指数和防效,如公式(3)公式(4)所示。
病情指数=∑(病级株数×代表数值)/株数总和×发病最重级的代表数值×100
防效=(对照组发病率-处理组发病率)/对照组发病率×100%
采用Excel软件进行数据整理及作图,使用DPS15.2软件进行方差分析(Duncan’s检验)和综合分析(Topsis法)[34]
表1所示,共筛选得到拮抗菌86株。其中,15株菌对燕麦镰孢的拮抗效果较好,K87的抑菌圈直径最大,为15.28 mm,其余菌株的抑菌圈直径在8.78-15.11 mm之间。53株菌对木贼镰孢的拮抗效果较好,其中21株的抑菌圈直径大于30 mm,超过59%的拮抗菌株对其他病原也表现出不同程度的拮抗作用。27株菌对尖镰孢的拮抗效果较好,抑菌圈直径范围在22.48-33.16 mm之间。35株菌对茄镰孢拮抗效果较好,抑菌圈直径最大可达38.52 mm,最小为10.8 mm,拮抗能力差异较大。仅6株菌对麦根腐平脐蠕孢的拮抗效果较好,抑菌圈直径范围在12.70-21.71 mm之间,且这6株菌对本研究中的其余3种以上病原菌均有拮抗效果。32株菌对微座孢的拮抗效果较好,抑菌圈直径最大为30.99 mm,最小为16.94 mm。图1为部分拮抗菌的拮抗效果图。
表2所示,共筛选得到溶磷菌134株。其中,MP6、MP41、K87的溶磷圈直径最大,分别为37.79、35.67、32.89 mm;K85次之,溶磷圈直径为27.49 mm;K102等5株菌的溶磷圈直径在15-20 mm之间,其余菌株的溶磷圈直径均在15 mm以下,80%的菌株溶磷圈直径在10 mm左右。图2为部分溶磷菌的溶磷效果图。
复筛共得到20株抑菌效果良好的菌株(表3),部分菌株抑菌效果如图3所示。其中,K87对5种病原[燕麦镰孢(F. avenaceum)、尖镰孢(F. oxysporum)、茄镰孢(F. solani)、麦根腐平脐乳孢(B. sorokiniana)、微座孢(M. bolleyi)]均有良好的抑制效果,抑菌率均在75.00%以上。LB17对4种病原[尖镰孢(F. oxysporum)、茄镰孢F. solani)、麦根腐平脐蠕孢(B. sorokiniana)、微座孢(M. bolleyi)]均有抑制作用,抑菌率均超过61.00%。针对不同病原菌,11株菌对燕麦镰孢的抑菌效果较好,抑菌率在44.79%-87.54%之间;10株菌对木贼镰孢的抑菌效果较好,抑菌率在61.89%-92.88%之间。对尖镰孢抑菌效果良好的菌株数最多,共12株,占初筛菌株的59%,其中抑菌率最高为80.18%;6株菌对茄镰孢的抑菌效果良好,抑菌率均在69.00%以上;对麦根腐平脐蠕孢抑菌效果较好的菌株仅有6株,最高抑制率为87.23%,最低为53.36%;对微座孢抑制效果较好的菌株有11株,占初筛有抑菌能力菌株的34%,最高抑菌率可达92.55%。
表4可知,LB17分泌铁载体能力最强,su值为0.32,同时其溶无机磷能力较强,为1 102.95 μg/mL。K113固氮能力最强,固氮量为0.08 g/L,其余菌株固氮量则在0.04-0.06 g/L之间。K87分泌IAA能力最强,可达9.87 mg/L,其余菌株分泌IAA能力较弱,为5.69-6.85 mg/L。K85溶有机磷能力最强,为1 321.23 μg/mL,同时分泌铁载体su值在0.2以上。MP6溶无机磷能力最强,为1 470.69 μg/mL,同时具有良好的溶有机磷(1 141.86 μg/mL)及解钾(40.90 mg/L)能力。MP41解钾能力最强,为140.33 mg/L。
图4所示,测定优良菌株的耐酸能力发现,各菌株在pH 7.0条件下OD660值最高,均大于2.0。在pH 5.0时,菌株K56和MP41的OD660值降低至0.9以下,说明菌株K56和MP41耐酸性较差,其余菌株的OD660值虽有所降低,但均在1.5-1.7之间。在pH 4.0的培养液中,K56几乎不生长,MP41、K87、K33的OD660值高于1.6,表明MP41、K87、K33具有较好的耐酸能力。在pH 3.0条件下,各菌株的OD660值均接近CK,低于0.02,说明各菌株在pH 3.0环境下均不能生长。因此,确定在pH 4.0、5.0、6.0条件下均生长良好的菌株LB17、K87、K113为耐酸菌株。
图5所示,当培养液pH值为8.0时,各菌株OD660值下降,但除LB17、K113外均大于1.5。当培养液pH达到9.0及以上时,各菌株OD660值均显著下降,但MP6在pH 10.0以上溶液中的OD660值显著高于(P<0.05)其他菌株。因此,确定MP6为耐碱菌株。
图6所示,各菌株在盐浓度为1%时,OD660值均大于2.0,生长情况良好。当盐浓度达到5%时,各菌株OD660值显著下降(P<0.05),其中菌株K85、K113、K33、K56的OD660值均小于1.3。当盐浓度达到10%时,K113、K33、K56的OD660值接近0.2,说明10%的盐浓度完全抑制了K113、K33、K56的生长,而LB17、MP41、K85、K87的OD660值仍大于1.1。当盐浓度达到15%及20%时,各菌株OD660值极低,不具参考性。因此,确定在5%和10%盐浓度下生长均良好的菌株LB17、MP41、K87为耐盐菌株。
图7所示,菌株K87与菌株MP41相交处断开,说明两者可能存在拮抗作用,因此在构建复合菌系时,应避免将这2株菌组合在同一复合菌系中。其余菌株间未出现此现象,可以互相组合。组合结果发现,针对不同病原,将不同功能菌株组合,共形成14组(T1-T10、T12-T15)菌系配方(表5)。
表5所示,在14组复合菌系中,T2的固氮量和解钾量最高,分别为0.212 0 g/L和86.28 mg/L。T13的溶有机磷量、溶无机磷量及分泌铁载体量最高,分别为482.00 μg/mL、425.35 μg/mL和su值0.4702;T4分泌IAA能力最强,为51.63 mg/L。Topsis综合评价显示,T2和T13的统计量分别为0.611和0.579,高于其他组,因此确定为优良复合菌系配方。
图8所示,复合菌系T2的抑菌性较T13更强,对木贼镰孢的抑菌率最高,达87.69%,对茄镰孢和微座孢的抑菌率分别为77.84%和76.71%;对燕麦镰孢、尖镰孢、麦根腐平脐蠕孢的抑菌率分别为60.26%、65.71%和64.46%。复合菌系T13对供试真菌的抑菌性也较强,对麦根腐平脐蠕孢的抑制效果最强,为64.45%,其次是木贼镰孢,抑菌率为63.68%;对微座孢、燕麦镰孢的抑菌率分别为47.45%和53.99%,而对茄镰孢、尖镰孢的抑菌率较低,分别为19.47%和19.56%,且普遍低于T2。因此,确定T2为最优复合菌系。
图9所示,基于16S rRNA基因序列构建的系统发育树显示,最优复合菌系T2所涉及的菌株LB17、K87和MP6与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)的遗传距离均小于0.01,1 000次重复自展支持率为99,其序列提交至GenBank,获得登录号分别为PQ211017、PQ211018、PQ211019。进一步构建其gyrB序列系统发育树(图9)发现,LB17和K87与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌标准株BCRC 17467 (DQ903176.1)的遗传距离为0,1 000次重复自展支持率为98;MP6与贝莱斯芽孢杆菌标准株NRRL 41580T (EU138622.1)的遗传距离为0,1 000次重复自展支持率为99,其序列提交至GenBank,获得登录号分别为PQ144581、PQ144582、PQ144583。因此,确定菌株LB17、K87、MP6的分类地位为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌。
表6所示,对照组CK1 (燕麦镰孢+木贼镰孢灌根)、CK2 (微座孢灌根)、CK3 (麦根腐平脐蠕孢灌根)的青稞根腐病病情指数为85.00-86.50,处理组M1 (T2复合菌系+燕麦镰孢+木贼镰孢灌根)、M2 (T2复合菌系+微座孢灌根)、M3 (T2复合菌系+麦根腐平脐蠕孢灌根)的病情指数为21.50-25.25。最优复合菌系T2对青稞镰孢根腐病、微座孢根腐病、普通根腐病的防效分别为72.35%、70.81%、75.07%。处理组M1、M2、M3的株高分别为30.11、30.22、30.71 cm,茎粗分别为0.114、0.123、0.114 mm,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。株高增幅为13.28%-34.00%,茎粗增幅为55.0%-65.8%。
微生物菌剂因其良好的防效、较长的持效期,以及环境友好和可再生性强等优势,已成为控制作物病害的主要途径之一。其中,芽孢杆菌属在国内外研究中最为常见[40]。芽孢杆菌具有快速定殖、逆境生存能力强[41]、抑菌性能好[42]、可诱导免疫系统反应[43]以及部分菌株具有分解农药残留等功能[44],因此被大量制成微生物菌剂,应用于多种作物病害的防控,并可替代化学药剂的使用。解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)[45]、短小芽孢杆菌(B. pumilus)[46]、贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B. velezensis)、耐盐芽孢杆菌(B. halotolerans)和蜡样芽孢杆菌(B. cereus)等对根腐类病害的防控效果尤为显著。施春兰等[47]研究发现,解淀粉芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌对烟草根腐病菌的抑制率在60%左右,枯草芽孢杆菌、耐盐芽孢杆菌以及蜡样芽孢杆菌对草莓灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、尖镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)的抑制率为50.1%-72.1%。Lan等[48]研究发现,解淀粉芽孢杆菌对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)的抑制率为58%。
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(B. velezensis)是近年来芽孢杆菌属中一种新型且热门的生防细菌,其生防效果良好,具有很大的开发潜力,尤其在根腐类病害防控方面表现出色。陈静等[49]研究发现,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001对草莓灰霉病病原有明显的抑制作用,抑制率可达72.18%。何明川等[50]研究发现,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对烟草黑胫病的抑菌率为62.87%。Wang等[51]研究发现,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BER1菌株对番茄青枯病的抑制率为49.0%。李界秋等[52]研究发现,4种贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对尖镰孢的抑制率为40.56%-56.30%。本研究中筛选得到的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌LB17和K87的防效均优于已报道的同类菌株。LB17对麦根腐平脐蠕孢的抑制率为87.23%,同时对尖镰孢和茄镰孢的抑制率分别为87.52%和61.89%;而K87对百合根腐病病原茄镰孢的抑制率达75.15%。
目前针对多种作物根腐病病原均有效的复合菌系研究较少。本研究成功研发出一种抑菌谱更广的T2复合菌系,其对百合、番茄、辣椒等不同作物上分离的根腐病病原(如茄镰孢、尖镰孢)以及青稞根腐病病原(如微座孢、木贼镰孢、麦根腐平脐蠕孢、燕麦镰孢)的抑菌率分别为77.84%、65.71%、76.71%、87.69%、64.46%、60.26%,且抑菌率均超过60.00%,显示出良好的本土根腐类病害防治潜力。在促生功能方面,复合菌剂T2的固氮能力显著提高,固氮量为0.212 g/L,分泌IAA能力相较单一菌株平均提升了2.6倍,解钾及分泌铁载体能力均提升了2倍,解钾量达86.28 mg/L,分泌IAA量达16.91 mg/L。Du等[53]研究发现,单一菌株对香蕉枯萎病的抑制率为21.21%-60.61%,平均控制效果为47.27%,而复合菌剂(芽孢杆菌属)的生防菌株组合的控制效果平均为72.73%,与本研究结果一致。黄文茂等[54]研究发现,由恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)、弯曲芽孢杆菌(B. flexus)、坚强芽孢杆菌(B. firmus)和贝莱斯芽孢杆菌组成的复合菌剂施用于辣椒根际土壤后,溶磷、解钾菌和固氮量较对照均提高了5倍以上。本研究所构建的复合菌系对青稞根腐类病害的防效良好,且具有较强的促生作用,其对土壤的影响及对其他作物的田间效应有待进一步研究。
  • 甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2023GAAS22)
  • 国家自然科学基金(32060037)
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2025年第65卷第5期
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doi: 10.13343/j.cnki.wsxb.20240671
  • 接收时间:2024-10-30
  • 首发时间:2026-02-05
  • 出版时间:2025-05-04
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30
  • 录用日期:2025-02-20
基金
Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2023GAAS22)
甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2023GAAS22)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060037)
国家自然科学基金(32060037)
作者信息
    1.甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所 甘肃 兰州
    2.甘肃农业大学 植物保护学院 甘肃 兰州
    3.兰州大学 草地农业科技学院 甘肃 兰州
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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